<Benchmark xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="RHEL-6" resolved="1" xml:lang="en-US" style="SCAP_1.1">
  <status date="2016-11-28">draft</status>
  <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Guide to the Secure Configuration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
  <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This guide presents a catalog of security-relevant
configuration settings for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. It is a rendering of
content structured in the eXtensible Configuration Checklist Description Format (XCCDF)
in order to support security automation.  The SCAP content is
is available in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">scap-security-guide</html:code> package which is developed at
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide">https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide</html:a>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Providing system administrators with such guidance informs them how to securely
configure systems under their control in a variety of network roles. Policy
makers and baseline creators can use this catalog of settings, with its
associated references to higher-level security control catalogs, in order to
assist them in security baseline creation. This guide is a <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">catalog, not a
checklist,</html:i> and satisfaction of every item is not likely to be possible or
sensible in many operational scenarios. However, the XCCDF format enables
granular selection and adjustment of settings, and their association with OVAL
and OCIL content provides an automated checking capability. Transformations of
this document, and its associated automated checking content, are capable of
providing baselines that meet a diverse set of policy objectives. Some example
XCCDF <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Profiles</html:i>, which are selections of items that form checklists and
can be used as baselines, are available with this guide. They can be
processed, in an automated fashion, with tools that support the Security
Content Automation Protocol (SCAP). The DISA STIG for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6,
which provides required settings for US Department of Defense systems, is
one example of a baseline created from this guidance.
</description>
  <notice xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" id="terms_of_use">Do not attempt to implement any of the settings in
this guide without first testing them in a non-operational environment. The
creators of this guidance assume no responsibility whatsoever for its use by
other parties, and makes no guarantees, expressed or implied, about its
quality, reliability, or any other characteristic.</notice>
  <front-matter xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
    <html:p xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <ns3:svg xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" enable-background="new 30 100 330 150" height="140px" id="Layer_1" version="1.1" viewBox="30 100 330 150" width="350px" x="0px" y="0px" xml:space="preserve">
        <ns3:g fill="#3A3B3B">
          <ns3:path d="m197.1 150.3s-10.1-1.2-14.4-1.2c-7.2 0-11.0 2.6-11.0 8.3 0 6.6 3.5 7.7 12.3 9.6 10.1 2.3 14.5 4.7 14.5 13.6 0 11.2-6.1 15.6-16.1 15.6-6.0 0-16.0-1.6-16.0-1.6l0.6-4.7s9.9 1.3 15.1 1.3c7.2 0 10.8-3.1 10.8-10.2 0-5.7-3.0-7.3-11.2-8.9-10.4-2.3-15.7-4.7-15.7-14.4 0-9.8 6.4-13.6 16.3-13.6 6.0 0 15.3 1.5 15.3 1.5l-0.5 4.8z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m238.7 194.6c-3.6 0.7-9.1 1.5-13.9 1.5-15.1 0-18.5-9.2-18.5-25.9 0-17.1 3.3-26.1 18.5-26.1 5.2 0 10.7 1.0 13.9 1.6l-0.2 4.7c-3.3-0.6-9.2-1.3-13.1-1.3-11.2 0-13.2 6.7-13.2 21.1 0 14.1 1.8 20.8 13.4 20.8 4.1 0 9.5-0.7 13.0-1.3l0.2 4.8z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m257.5 144.9h12.3l13.9 50.5h-5.6l-3.7-13.0h-21.6l-3.7 13.0h-5.5l13.9-50.5zm-3.4 32.5h19.1l-7.7-27.7h-3.8l-7.7 27.7z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m297.2 178.4v17.0h-5.6v-50.5h18.5c11.0 0 16.1 5.3 16.1 16.3 0 11.0-5.1 17.2-16.1 17.2h-12.9zm12.8-5.0c7.4 0 10.4-4.5 10.4-12.3 0-7.7-3.1-11.3-10.4-11.3h-12.8v23.6h12.8z"/>
        </ns3:g>
        <ns3:g fill="#676767">
          <ns3:path d="m176.8 211.2s-2.8-0.3-4.0-0.3c-1.5 0-2.2 0.5-2.2 1.4 0 0.9 0.5 1.2 2.8 1.9 2.9 0.9 3.8 1.8 3.8 4.0 0 3.0-2.0 4.3-4.7 4.3-1.9 0-4.5-0.6-4.5-0.6l0.3-2.1s2.7 0.4 4.1 0.4c1.5 0 2.1-0.7 2.1-1.8 0-0.8-0.5-1.2-2.4-1.8-3.1-0.9-4.2-1.9-4.2-4.1 0-2.8 1.9-4.0 4.6-4.0 1.8 0 4.5 0.5 4.5 0.5l-0.2 2.2z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m180.6 208.7h8.8v2.4h-6.0v3.2h4.8v2.4h-4.9v3.3h6.0v2.4h-8.8v-13.6z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m201.2 222.1c-0.9 0.2-2.7 0.5-4.0 0.5-4.2 0-5.2-2.3-5.2-7.0 0-5.2 1.2-7.0 5.2-7.0 1.4 0 3.1 0.3 4.0 0.5l-0.1 2.2c-0.9-0.1-2.6-0.3-3.5-0.3-2.1 0-2.8 0.7-2.8 4.6 0 3.7 0.5 4.6 2.8 4.6 0.9 0 2.6-0.2 3.4-0.3l0.1 2.3z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m209.5 220.2c1.6 0 2.4-0.8 2.4-2.4v-9.1h2.8v9.0c0 3.4-1.8 4.8-5.2 4.8-3.4 0-5.2-1.4-5.2-4.8v-9.0h2.8v9.1c0 1.6 0.8 2.4 2.4 2.4z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m221.3 217.8v4.6h-2.8v-13.6h5.3c3.1 0 4.8 1.4 4.8 4.5 0 1.9-0.8 3.1-2.0 3.9l1.9 5.2h-3.0l-1.6-4.6h-2.7zm2.5-6.7h-2.5v4.3h2.6c1.4 0 1.9-1.0 1.9-2.2 0-1.3-0.7-2.2-2.0-2.2z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m231.9 208.7h2.8v13.6h-2.8v-13.6z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m237.4 208.7h10.0v2.4h-3.6v11.2h-2.8v-11.2h-3.6v-2.4z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m255.7 222.3h-2.8v-5.5l-4.2-8.1h3.1l2.5 5.4 2.5-5.4h3.1l-4.2 8.1v5.5z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m273.4 215.1h4.0v7.1s-2.9 0.5-4.6 0.5c-4.4 0-5.6-2.5-5.6-7.0 0-5.0 1.4-7.0 5.5-7.0 2.1 0 4.7 0.6 4.7 0.6l-0.1 2.1s-2.4-0.3-4.2-0.3c-2.4 0-3.1 0.8-3.1 4.6 0 3.6 0.5 4.6 3.0 4.6 0.8 0 1.7-0.1 1.7-0.1v-2.6h-1.2v-2.4z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m286 220.2c1.6 0 2.4-0.8 2.4-2.4v-9.1h2.8v9.0c0 3.4-1.8 4.8-5.2 4.8s-5.2-1.4-5.2-4.8v-9.0h2.8v9.1c0 1.6 0.8 2.4 2.4 2.4z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m295.0 208.7h2.8v13.6h-2.8v-13.6z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m301.8 222.3v-13.6h4.6c4.7 0 5.8 2.0 5.6 6.5 0 4.6-0.9 7.1-5.8 7.1h-4.6zm4.6-11.2h-1.8v8.8h1.8c2.7 0 2.9-1.6 2.9-4.7 0-3.0-0.3-4.1-3.0-4.1z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m315.5 208.7h8.8v2.4h-6.0v3.2h4.8v2.4h-4.8v3.3h6.0v2.4h-8.8v-13.6z"/>
        </ns3:g>
        <ns3:path d="m116.0 204.9h-2.8c-1.5 0-2.8 1.2-2.8 2.7v19.2c0 1.5 1.3 2.7 2.8 2.7h27.9c1.5 0 2.8-1.2 2.8-2.7v-19.2c0-1.5-1.3-2.7-2.8-2.7h-2.8v-8.2c0-6.1-5.0-11.0-11.2-11.0-6.2 0-11.2 4.9-11.2 11.0v8.2zm5.6-8.2c0-3.0 2.5-5.5 5.6-5.4 3.1 0 5.6 2.4 5.6 5.5v8.2h-11.2v-8.2z" fill="#6D0B2B"/>
        <ns3:g fill="#AD1D3F">
          <ns3:path d="m106.4 214.7c-16.4 11.4-37.5 7.8-50.0-3.4l11.9-11.7c2.3-1.9 3.4-5.4 1.2-8.8-0.1-0.1-6.7-11.0 2.3-19.8 7.3-7.2 17.8-5.8 23.3-0.3 3.2 3.1 4.9 7.1 4.9 11.4v0.1c0 4.3-1.8 8.5-5.1 11.7-4.0 3.9-9.6 5.4-15.4 4.1-2.1-0.5-4.3 0.8-4.8 2.9-0.5 2.1 0.8 4.2 2.9 4.7 8.4 2.0 16.9-0.3 22.8-6.1 4.9-4.8 7.5-10.9 7.4-17.4-0.0-6.3-2.6-12.3-7.3-16.8-8.2-8.1-23.8-10.3-34.5 0.3-10.7 10.5-6.6 23.8-3.7 28.8l-12.8 12.6c-2.9 2.9-2.3 6.6-0.2 8.7 15.4 15.2 38.7 17.9 56.9 8.2l-0.0-9.1z"/>
          <ns3:path d="m43.9 188.4c-1.1-7.5-1.1-21.8 11.2-33.9 8.0-7.9 18.5-12.0 29.5-11.7 10.2 0.3 20.1 4.5 27.1 11.4 7.6 7.4 11.8 17.3 11.9 27.8v0.1c1.16-0.3 2.4-0.4 3.6-0.4 1.5 0 2.9 0.2 4.3 0.6 0-0.1 0.0-0.2 0.0-0.3-0.1-12.5-5.2-24.3-14.2-33.2-8.4-8.3-20.2-13.3-32.4-13.7-13.2-0.5-25.8 4.5-35.4 14.0-9.1 8.9-14.0 20.8-14.0 33.3 0 2.4 0.2 4.8 0.5 7.2 0.6 4.0 1.8 8.1 3.7 12.2 0.9 2.0 3.2 2.8 5.2 1.9 2.0-0.9 2.9-3.1 2.0-5.1-1.5-3.3-2.6-6.8-3.1-10.1z"/>
        </ns3:g>
        <ns3:circle cx="127.26" cy="218.49" fill="#fff" r="3.233"/>
      </ns3:svg>
    </html:p>
  </front-matter>
  <rear-matter xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Red Hat and Red Hat Enterprise Linux are either registered
trademarks or trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. in the United States and other
countries. All other names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their
respective companies.</rear-matter>
  <platform idref="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"/>
  <platform idref="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6::client"/>
  <platform idref="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6::computenode"/>
  <version update="https://github.com/OpenSCAP/scap-security-guide/releases/latest">0.1.31</version>
  <metadata xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <ns2:publisher xmlns:ns2="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">SCAP Security Guide Project</ns2:publisher>
    <ns2:creator xmlns:ns2="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">SCAP Security Guide Project</ns2:creator>
    <ns2:source xmlns:ns2="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">https://github.com/OpenSCAP/scap-security-guide/releases/latest</ns2:source>
  </metadata>
  <model system="urn:xccdf:scoring:default"/>
  <Profile id="standard">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Standard System Security Profile</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This profile contains rules to ensure standard security baseline of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 system.
Regardless of your system's workload all of these checks should pass.</description>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_suid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disk_partitioning" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="aide" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="partitions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="permissions_important_account_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="permissions_within_important_dirs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_execshield_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="selinux" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_logins" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="password_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-pam" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="password_quality" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="password_quality_pamcracklib" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="locking_out_password_attempts" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-physical" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="bootloader" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-banners" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-kernel" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_and_router_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-wireless" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="wireless_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6_autoconfig" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_activation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ruleset_modifications" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-uncommon" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="logging" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ensure_rsyslog_log_file_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_sending_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="log_rotation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="auditing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_auditd_data_retention" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="auditd_configure_rules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_time_rules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_dac_actions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="obsolete" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="inetd_and_xinetd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="telnet" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="r_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nis" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="tftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="base" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="cron_and_at" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ssh" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ssh_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled_group" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ntp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mail" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_and_rpc" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_clients" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="CS2">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Example Server Profile</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This profile is an example of a customized server profile.</description>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_nousb_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_PAE_kernel_on_x86-32" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_prelink" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="root_path_default" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_logwatch_for_logserver" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="logwatch_configured_splithosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_direct_root_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_home_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_restorecond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_automount" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_static_address" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_privacy_extensions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_default_gateway" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_sniffer_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_acpid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_certmonger_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgconfig_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgred_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cpuspeed_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_haldaemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_irqbalance_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_kdump_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_mdmonitor_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_messagebus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_saslauthd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smartd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_sysstat_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_sshd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_limit_user_access" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cups_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="cups_disable_browsing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_disable_ddns" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_deny_decline" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_deny_bootp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_minimize_served_info" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configure_logging" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_postfix_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfslock_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="nfs_fixed_lockd_tcp_port" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="nfs_fixed_lockd_udp_port" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="nfs_fixed_statd_port" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="nfs_fixed_mountd_port" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="use_root_squashing_all_exports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_nfs_clients_to_privileged_ports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_insecure_locks_exports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="nfs_no_anonymous" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_named_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_disable_dynamic_updates" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_vsftpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_log_transactions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_present_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_servertokens_prod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_mod_rewrite" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_server_side_includes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_webdav" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_server_activity_status" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_server_configuration_display" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_url_correction" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_proxy_support" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_cache_support" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_cgi_support" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_digest_authentication" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_ldap_support" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_mime_magic" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_root_directory" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_web_directory" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_critical_directories" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_limit_available_methods" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_install_mod_ssl" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_install_mod_security" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_etc_httpd_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_httpd_server_conf_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dovecot_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dovecot_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enable_ssl" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_configure_ssl_cert" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_configure_ssl_key" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smb_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="smb_server_disable_root" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_squid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_squid_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_snmpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_net-snmp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="avahi_ip_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="avahi_check_ttl" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="avahi_prevent_port_sharing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="avahi_disable_publishing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_activation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ruleset_modifications" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_auditd_data_retention" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="180"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="10"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="dod_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="60_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="common">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Common Profile for General-Purpose Systems</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This profile contains items common to general-purpose desktop and server installations.</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-wireless" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="wireless_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="desktop">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">Desktop Baseline</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is for a desktop installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_vsftpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_named_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_httpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smb_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_squid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_squid_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_snmpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_net-snmp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dovecot_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dovecot_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfslock_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dhcpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dhcp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-wireless" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="wireless_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="server">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">Server Baseline</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 acting as a server.</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="ftp-server">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">ftp</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is for FTP servers.</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_log_transactions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_present_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_to_anon" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_disable_uploads" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_home_partition" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="stig-rhel6-workstation-upstream">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">Upstream STIG for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Workstation</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is developed under the DoD consensus model and DISA FSO Vendor STIG process,
serving as the upstream development environment for the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Server STIG.

As a result of the upstream/downstream relationship between the SCAP Security Guide project 
and the official DISA FSO STIG baseline, users should expect variance between SSG and DISA FSO content.
For official DISA FSO STIG content, refer to http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/red-hat.aspx.

While this profile is packaged by Red Hat as part of the SCAP Security Guide package, please note 
that commercial support of this SCAP content is NOT available. This profile is provided as example 
SCAP content with no endorsement for suitability or production readiness. Support for this 
profile is provided by the upstream SCAP Security Guide community on a best-effort basis. The
upstream project homepage is https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide/.
</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="encrypt_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_antivirus" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_hids" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_postfix_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_insecure_locks_exports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_log_transactions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_use_newer_protocol" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_not_default_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_present_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="smartcard_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="display_login_attempts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="10"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="604800"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="60"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="dod_default"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="stig-rhel6-server-gui-upstream">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">Upstream STIG for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Server Running GUIs</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is developed under the DoD consensus model and DISA FSO Vendor STIG process,
serving as the upstream development environment for the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Server STIG.

As a result of the upstream/downstream relationship between the SCAP Security Guide project 
and the official DISA FSO STIG baseline, users should expect variance between SSG and DISA FSO content.
For official DISA FSO STIG content, refer to http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/red-hat.aspx.

While this profile is packaged by Red Hat as part of the SCAP Security Guide package, please note 
that commercial support of this SCAP content is NOT available. This profile is provided as example 
SCAP content with no endorsement for suitability or production readiness. Support for this 
profile is provided by the upstream SCAP Security Guide community on a best-effort basis. The
upstream project homepage is https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide/.
</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="encrypt_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_antivirus" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_hids" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_postfix_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_insecure_locks_exports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_log_transactions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_use_newer_protocol" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_not_default_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_present_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="smartcard_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="display_login_attempts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="10"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="604800"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="60"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="dod_default"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="stig-rhel6-server-upstream">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">Upstream STIG for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Server</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile is developed under the DoD consensus model and DISA FSO Vendor STIG process,
serving as the upstream development environment for the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Server STIG.

As a result of the upstream/downstream relationship between the SCAP Security Guide project 
and the official DISA FSO STIG baseline, users should expect variance between SSG and DISA FSO content.
For official DISA FSO STIG content, refer to http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/red-hat.aspx.

While this profile is packaged by Red Hat as part of the SCAP Security Guide package, please note 
that commercial support of this SCAP content is NOT available. This profile is provided as example 
SCAP content with no endorsement for suitability or production readiness. Support for this 
profile is provided by the upstream SCAP Security Guide community on a best-effort basis. The
upstream project homepage is https://www.open-scap.org/security-policies/scap-security-guide/.
</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="encrypt_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_antivirus" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_hids" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_postfix_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_insecure_locks_exports" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_log_transactions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_use_newer_protocol" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="snmpd_not_default_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ftp_present_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="smartcard_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="display_login_attempts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="10"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="dod_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="604800"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="60"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="usgcb-rhel6-server">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">United States Government Configuration Baseline (USGCB)</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This profile is a working draft for a USGCB submission against RHEL6 Server.</description>
    <select idref="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_suid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_PAE_kernel_on_x86-32" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="root_path_no_dot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_home_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_kdump_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dhcpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dhcp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfslock_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_named_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_vsftpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_httpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dovecot_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dovecot_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smb_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_squid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_squid_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_snmpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_net-snmp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="permissions_within_important_dirs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_auditd_data_retention" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="60"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="12"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="24"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selector="30"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="rht-ccp">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Red Hat Corporate Profile for Certified Cloud Providers (RH CCP)</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This is a *draft* SCAP profile for Red Hat Certified Cloud Providers</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="partitions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="account_expiration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-session" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-banners" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-kernel" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_and_router_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-wireless" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="wireless_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6_autoconfig" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="logging" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ensure_rsyslog_log_file_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_sending_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="log_rotation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_auditd_data_retention" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_time_rules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_dac_actions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ntp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mail" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_and_rpc" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_clients" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="CSCF-RHEL6-MLS">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">CSCF RHEL6 MLS Core Baseline</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> This profile reflects the Centralized Super Computing Facility 
(CSCF) baseline for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. This baseline has received 
government ATO through the ICD 503 process, utilizing the CNSSI 1253 cross 
domain overlay. This profile should be considered in active development. 
Additional tailoring will be needed, such as the creation of RBAC roles 
for production deployment.</description>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bios_disable_usb_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_nousb_argument" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="cups_disable_browsing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="cups_disable_printserver" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_deny_bootp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_deny_decline" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_disable_ddns" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_anacron" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dhcpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_named_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_httpd_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disable_prelink" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_vsftpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_authenticate_zone_transfers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_automount" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_httpd_server_conf_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_var_log_httpd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="httpd_servertokens_prod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_sniffer_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_direct_root_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_suid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_listen_tcp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accept_remote_messages_udp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_acpid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_certmonger_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgconfig_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cpuspeed_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cups_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_haldaemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_irqbalance_enabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="service_kdump_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="service_mdmonitor_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_messagebus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_psacct_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_quota_nld_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_saslauthd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smartd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_sysstat_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dhcp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_hids" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_antivirus" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bios_enable_execution_restrictions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="updating" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verification" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-session" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6_autoconfig" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_sending_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="inetd_and_xinetd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="telnet" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_and_rpc" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_clients" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="keep_logs"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="180"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="12"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="mls"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="C2S">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">C2S for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This profile demonstrates compliance against the 
U.S. Government Commercial Cloud Services (C2S) baseline.

This baseline was inspired by the Center for Internet Security
(CIS) Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Benchmark, v1.2.0 - 06-25-2013.
For the SCAP Security Guide project to remain in compliance with
CIS' terms and conditions, specifically Restrictions(8), note 
there is no representation or claim that the C2S profile will
ensure a system is in compliance or consistency with the CIS
baseline. 
</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_prelink" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_setroubleshoot_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_mcstrans_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_users_coredumps" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypbind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_talk_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_talk-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cups_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dhcp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_nfslock_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rpcbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dovecot_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_samba_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_squid_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_net-snmp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_dac_actions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_limit_user_access" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="password_quality_pamcracklib" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_direct_root_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_suid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="root_path_default" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_home_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="password_quality" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ruleset_modifications" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="027"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="pci-dss">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">PCI-DSS v3 Control Baseline for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This is a *draft* profile for PCI-DSS v3</description>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="install_hids" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_prelink" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_unique_name" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="display_login_attempts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_minlen" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="smartcard_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openswan_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disk_partitioning" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="partitions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="permissions_within_important_dirs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="daemon_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_execshield_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="selinux" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_logins" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-session" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="console_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="accounts-banners" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-kernel" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_host_and_router_parameters" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-wireless" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="wireless_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_ipv6" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_ipv6_autoconfig" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_activation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ruleset_modifications" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-uncommon" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_sending_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="obsolete" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="inetd_and_xinetd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="telnet" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="r_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nis" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="tftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="base" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="cron_and_at" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled_group" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mail" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_and_rpc" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_clients" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="4"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="1800"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minclass" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="nist-cl-il-al">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">CNSSI 1253 Low/Low/Low Control Baseline for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" override="true">This profile follows the Committee on National Security Systems Instruction
(CNSSI) No. 1253, "Security Categorization and Control Selection for National Security
Systems" on security controls to meet low confidentiality, low integrity, and low
assurance."</description>
    <select idref="partition_for_tmp" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_home" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_interactive_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_host_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_tmout" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_restorecond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_kdump_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_saslauthd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_nousb_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bios_disable_usb_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_automount" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_psacct_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disable_prelink" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_sniffer_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cups_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="cups_disable_browsing" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="cups_disable_printserver" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_dhcpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_dhcp_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_named_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_bind_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_sendmail_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_acpid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_certmonger_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgconfig_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgred_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cpuspeed_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_haldaemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_irqbalance_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_mdmonitor_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_messagebus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_quota_nld_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smartd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_sysstat_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_httpd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_httpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_tmout" selector="10_min"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="15"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selector="7"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_retry" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_minlen" selector="14"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_dcredit" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ucredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_ocredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_lcredit" selector="2"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_user_umask" selector="077"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_num_logs" selector="5"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file" selector="6"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" selector="rotate"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="single"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_owner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" selector="root"/>
    <refine-value idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value" selector="5_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selector="40"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_state" selector="enforcing"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_selinux_policy_name" selector="targeted"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="022"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="inactivity_timeout_value" selector="15_minutes"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" selector="disabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" selector="enabled"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value" selector="enabled"/>
  </Profile>
  <Profile id="fisma-medium-rhel6-server">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">FISAMA Medium for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">FISMA Medium for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</description>
    <select idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="account_temp_expire_date" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_state" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_policytype" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_restorecond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_iptables_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="umask_for_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="userowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_immutable" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="banner_etc_issue" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_screen_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_auditd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_login_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_session_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_media_export" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_xinetd_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsh_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rexec_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rsh_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_ypserv_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_tftp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_kdump_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_saslauthd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_nousb_argument" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bios_disable_usb_boot" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_autofs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="partition_for_var_log" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="package_aide_installed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_build_database" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_acpid_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_certmonger_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgconfig_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cgred_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_cpuspeed_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_haldaemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_irqbalance_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_mdmonitor_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_messagebus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_quota_nld_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_smartd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_sysstat_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_crond_enabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_atd_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_sniffer_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="bootloader_password" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_empty_passwords" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="no_netrc_files" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="require_singleuser_auth" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="true"/>
    <select idref="remediation_functions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="general-principles" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-minimize-software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-separate-servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-use-security-tools" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="principle-least-privilege" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="how-to-use" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-read-sections-completely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-test-non-production" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-root-shell-assumed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-formatting-conventions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="intro-reboot-required" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="entropy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="updating" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="additional_security_software" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="fips" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="certified-vendor" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_login_screen" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_screen_locking" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_system_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_network_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_remote_access_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gnome_media_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="coredumps" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_execshield_settings" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="enable_nx" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="root_paths" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="user_umask" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smart_card_login" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="gui_login_banner" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_disable_unused_interfaces" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ipv6_limit_requests" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_icmp_disabled" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="network-ipsec" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="rsyslog_sending_messages" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_logwatch_on_logserver" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="talk" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="restrict_at_cron_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sshd_strengthen_firewall" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="sssd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_xwindows" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="avahi_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dhcp_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dhcp_client_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mail" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_harden_os" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_configure_ssl_certs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_install_ssl_cert" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_configuration" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_denial_of_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_client" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="openldap_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ldap_server_config_certificate_files" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_and_rpc" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfs_services" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_netfs" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_all_machines" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_client_or_server_not_both" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configure_fixed_ports" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_clients" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_nfsd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="mounting_remote_filesystems" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="nfs_configuring_servers" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_exports_restrictively" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="export_filesystems_read_only" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dns_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_isolation" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_dedicated" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_protection" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_separate_internal_external" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dns_server_partition_with_views" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_use_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_configure_vsftpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="ftp_restrict_users" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="http" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="installing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimal_modules_installed" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="securing_httpd" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_info_leakage" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_core_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_basic_authentication" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_optional_components" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_minimize_config_files_included" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_directory_restrictions" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_modules_improve_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_deploy_mod_security" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_php_securely" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_configure_iptables" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="httpd_chroot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="imap" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configure_dovecot" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_enabling_ssl" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="dovecot_allow_imap_access" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="configuring_samba" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_restrict_file_sharing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="smb_disable_printing" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="proxy" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_squid" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="disabling_snmp_service" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="snmp_configure_server" selected="false"/>
    <select idref="srg_support" selected="false"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selector="90"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_umask_for_daemons" selector="022"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selector="3"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" selector="900"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selector="604800"/>
    <refine-value idref="login_banner_text" selector="usgcb_default"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selector="1"/>
    <refine-value idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" selector="0"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" selector="halt"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember" selector="24"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selector="12"/>
    <refine-value idref="var_password_pam_difok" selector="1"/>
  </Profile>
  <Group id="remediation_functions">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation functions used by the SCAP Security Guide Project</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">XCCDF form of the various remediation functions as used by
remediation scripts from the SCAP Security Guide Project</description>
    <Value id="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to fix syscall audit rule for given system call</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to fix syscall audit rule for given system call. It is
based on example audit syscall rule definitions as outlined in
/usr/share/doc/audit-2.3.7/stig.rules file provided with the audit package. It
will combine multiple system calls belonging to the same syscall group into one
audit rule (rather than to create audit rule per different system call) to
avoid audit infrastructure performance penalty in the case of
'one-audit-rule-definition-per-one-system-call'. See:

	https://www.redhat.com/archives/linux-audit/2014-November/msg00009.html

for further details.

Expects five arguments (each of them is required) in the form of:
  * audit tool                          tool used to load audit rules,
                                        either 'auditctl', or 'augenrules
  * audit rules' pattern                audit rule skeleton for same syscall
  * syscall group                       greatest common string this rule shares
                                        with other rules from the same group
  * architecture                        architecture this rule is intended for
  * full form of new rule to add        expected full form of audit rule as to
                                        be added into audit.rules file

Note: The 2-th up to 4-th arguments are used to determine how many existing
audit rules will be inspected for resemblance with the new audit rule
(5-th argument) the function is going to add. The rule's similarity check
is performed to optimize audit.rules definition (merge syscalls of the same
group into one rule) to avoid the "single-syscall-per-audit-rule" performance
penalty.

Example call:

  PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete"
  # Use escaped BRE regex to specify rule group
  GROUP="\(rmdir\|unlink\|rename\)"
  FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S rmdir -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete"
  fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
</description>
      <value>
function fix_audit_syscall_rule {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local tool="$1"
local pattern="$2"
local group="$3"
local arch="$4"
local full_rule="$5"

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "5" ]
then
        echo "Usage: fix_audit_syscall_rule 'tool' 'pattern' 'group' 'arch' 'full rule'"
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
fi

# Create a list of audit *.rules files that should be inspected for presence and correctness
# of a particular audit rule. The scheme is as follows:
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Tool used to load audit rules | Rule already defined  |  Audit rules file to inspect    |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        auditctl                |     Doesn't matter    |  /etc/audit/audit.rules         |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        augenrules              |          Yes          |  /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules     |
#        augenrules              |          No           |  /etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules  |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
declare -a files_to_inspect

# First check sanity of the specified audit tool
if [ "$tool" != 'auditctl' ] &amp;&amp; [ "$tool" != 'augenrules' ]
then
        echo "Unknown audit rules loading tool: $1. Aborting."
        echo "Use either 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'!"
        exit 1
# If audit tool is 'auditctl', then add '/etc/audit/audit.rules'
# file to the list of files to be inspected
elif [ "$tool" == 'auditctl' ]
then
        files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" '/etc/audit/audit.rules' )
# If audit tool is 'augenrules', then check if the audit rule is defined
# If rule is defined, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules' to the list for inspection
# If rule isn't defined yet, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules' to the list for inspection
elif [ "$tool" == 'augenrules' ]
then
        # Extract audit $key from audit rule so we can use it later
        key=$(expr "$full_rule" : '.*-k[[:space:]]\([^[:space:]]\+\)')
        # Check if particular audit rule is already defined
        IFS=$'\n' matches=($(sed -s -n -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d;F" /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS
        for match in "${matches[@]}"
        do
                files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" "${match}")
        done
        # Case when particular rule isn't defined in /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules yet
        if [ ${#files_to_inspect[@]} -eq "0" ]
        then
                files_to_inspect="/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules"
                if [ ! -e "$files_to_inspect" ]
                then
                        touch "$files_to_inspect"
                        chmod 0640 "$files_to_inspect"
                fi
        fi
fi

#
# Indicator that we want to append $full_rule into $audit_file by default
local append_expected_rule=0

for audit_file in "${files_to_inspect[@]}"
do

        # Filter existing $audit_file rules' definitions to select those that:
        # * follow the rule pattern, and
        # * meet the hardware architecture requirement, and
        # * are current syscall group specific
        IFS=$'\n' existing_rules=($(sed -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d"  "$audit_file"))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS

        # Process rules found case-by-case
        for rule in "${existing_rules[@]}"
        do
                # Found rule is for same arch &amp; key, but differs (e.g. in count of -S arguments)
                if [ "${rule}" != "${full_rule}" ]
                then
                        # If so, isolate just '(-S \w)+' substring of that rule
                        rule_syscalls=$(echo $rule | grep -o -P '(-S \w+ )+')
                        # Check if list of '-S syscall' arguments of that rule is subset
                        # of '-S syscall' list of expected $full_rule
                        if grep -q -- "$rule_syscalls" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$full_rule"
                        then
                                # Rule is covered (i.e. the list of -S syscalls for this rule is
                                # subset of -S syscalls of $full_rule =&gt; existing rule can be deleted
                                # Thus delete the rule from audit.rules &amp; our array
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                existing_rules=("${existing_rules[@]//$rule/}")
                        else
                                # Rule isn't covered by $full_rule - it besides -S syscall arguments
                                # for this group contains also -S syscall arguments for other syscall
                                # group. Example: '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' =&gt; group='chown'
                                # since 'lchown' &amp; 'fchownat' share 'chown' substring
                                # Therefore:
                                # * 1) delete the original rule from audit.rules
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' rule would be deleted)
                                # * 2) delete the -S syscall arguments for this syscall group, but
                                # keep those not belonging to this syscall group
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' would become '-S fchmod'
                                # * 3) append the modified (filtered) rule again into audit.rules
                                # if the same rule not already present
                                #
                                # 1) Delete the original rule
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                # 2) Delete syscalls for this group, but keep those from other groups
                                # Convert current rule syscall's string into array splitting by '-S' delimiter
                                IFS=$'-S' read -a rule_syscalls_as_array &lt;&lt;&lt; "$rule_syscalls"
                                # Reset IFS back to default
                                unset $IFS
                                # Declare new empty string to hold '-S syscall' arguments from other groups
                                new_syscalls_for_rule=''
                                # Walk through existing '-S syscall' arguments
                                for syscall_arg in "${rule_syscalls_as_array[@]}"
                                do
                                        # Skip empty $syscall_arg values
                                        if [ "$syscall_arg" == '' ]
                                        then
                                                continue
                                        fi
                                        # If the '-S syscall' doesn't belong to current group add it to the new list
                                        # (together with adding '-S' delimiter back for each of such item found)
                                        if grep -q -v -- "$group" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$syscall_arg"
                                        then
                                                new_syscalls_for_rule="$new_syscalls_for_rule -S $syscall_arg"
                                        fi
                                done
                                # Replace original '-S syscall' list with the new one for this rule
                                updated_rule=${rule//$rule_syscalls/$new_syscalls_for_rule}
                                # Squeeze repeated whitespace characters in rule definition (if any) into one
                                updated_rule=$(echo "$updated_rule" | tr -s '[:space:]')
                                # 3) Append the modified / filtered rule again into audit.rules
                                #    (but only in case it's not present yet to prevent duplicate definitions)
                                if ! grep -q -- "$updated_rule" "$audit_file"
                                then
                                        echo "$updated_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
                                fi
                        fi
                else
                        # $audit_file already contains the expected rule form for this
                        # architecture &amp; key =&gt; don't insert it second time
                        append_expected_rule=1
                fi
        done

        # We deleted all rules that were subset of the expected one for this arch &amp; key.
        # Also isolated rules containing system calls not from this system calls group.
        # Now append the expected rule if it's not present in $audit_file yet
        if [[ ${append_expected_rule} -eq "0" ]]
        then
                echo "$full_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
        fi
done

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_fix_audit_watch_rule" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to fix audit file system object watch rule for given path</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to fix audit file system object watch rule for given path:
  * if rule exists, also verifies the -w bits match the requirements
  * if rule doesn't exist yet, appends expected rule form to $files_to_inspect
    audit rules file, depending on the tool which was used to load audit rules

Expects four arguments (each of them is required) in the form of:
  * audit tool                          tool used to load audit rules,
                                        either 'auditctl', or 'augenrules'
  * path                                value of -w audit rule's argument
  * required access bits                value of -p audit rule's argument
  * key                                 value of -k audit rule's argument

Example call:

  fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/localtime" "wa" "audit_time_rules"
</description>
      <value>
function fix_audit_watch_rule {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local tool="$1"
local path="$2"
local required_access_bits="$3"
local key="$4"

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "4" ]
then
        echo "Usage: fix_audit_watch_rule 'tool' 'path' 'bits' 'key'"
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
fi

# Create a list of audit *.rules files that should be inspected for presence and correctness
# of a particular audit rule. The scheme is as follows:
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Tool used to load audit rules | Rule already defined  |  Audit rules file to inspect    |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#       auditctl                |     Doesn't matter    |  /etc/audit/audit.rules         |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#       augenrules              |          Yes          |  /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules     |
#       augenrules              |          No           |  /etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules  |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
declare -a files_to_inspect

# Check sanity of the specified audit tool
if [ "$tool" != 'auditctl' ] &amp;&amp; [ "$tool" != 'augenrules' ]
then
        echo "Unknown audit rules loading tool: $1. Aborting."
        echo "Use either 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'!"
        exit 1
# If the audit tool is 'auditctl', then add '/etc/audit/audit.rules'
# into the list of files to be inspected
elif [ "$tool" == 'auditctl' ]
then
        files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" '/etc/audit/audit.rules')
# If the audit is 'augenrules', then check if rule is already defined
# If rule is defined, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules' to list of files for inspection.
# If rule isn't defined, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules' to list of files for inspection.
elif [ "$tool" == 'augenrules' ]
then
        # Case when particular audit rule is already defined in some of /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules file
        # Get pair -- filepath : matching_row into @matches array
        IFS=$'\n' matches=($(grep -P "[\s]*-w[\s]+$path" /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS
        # For each of the matched entries
        for match in "${matches[@]}"
        do
                # Extract filepath from the match
                rulesd_audit_file=$(echo $match | cut -f1 -d ':')
                # Append that path into list of files for inspection
                files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" "$rulesd_audit_file")
        done
        # Case when particular audit rule isn't defined yet
        if [ ${#files_to_inspect[@]} -eq "0" ]
        then
                # Append '/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules' into list of files for inspection
                files_to_inspect="/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules"
                # If the $key.rules file doesn't exist yet, create it with correct permissions
                if [ ! -e "$files_to_inspect" ]
                then
                        touch "$files_to_inspect"
                        chmod 0640 "$files_to_inspect"
                fi
        fi
fi

# Finally perform the inspection and possible subsequent audit rule
# correction for each of the files previously identified for inspection
for audit_rules_file in "${files_to_inspect[@]}"
do

        # Check if audit watch file system object rule for given path already present
        if grep -q -P -- "[\s]*-w[\s]+$path" "$audit_rules_file"
        then
                # Rule is found =&gt; verify yet if existing rule definition contains
                # all of the required access type bits

                # Escape slashes in path for use in sed pattern below
                local esc_path=${path//$'/'/$'\/'}
                # Define BRE whitespace class shortcut
                local sp="[[:space:]]"
                # Extract current permission access types (e.g. -p [r|w|x|a] values) from audit rule
                current_access_bits=$(sed -ne "s/$sp*-w$sp\+$esc_path$sp\+-p$sp\+\([rxwa]\{1,4\}\).*/\1/p" "$audit_rules_file")
                # Split required access bits string into characters array
                # (to check bit's presence for one bit at a time)
                for access_bit in $(echo "$required_access_bits" | grep -o .)
                do
                        # For each from the required access bits (e.g. 'w', 'a') check
                        # if they are already present in current access bits for rule.
                        # If not, append that bit at the end
                        if ! grep -q "$access_bit" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$current_access_bits"
                        then
                                # Concatenate the existing mask with the missing bit
                                current_access_bits="$current_access_bits$access_bit"
                        fi
                done
                # Propagate the updated rule's access bits (original + the required
                # ones) back into the /etc/audit/audit.rules file for that rule
                sed -i "s/\($sp*-w$sp\+$esc_path$sp\+-p$sp\+\)\([rxwa]\{1,4\}\)\(.*\)/\1$current_access_bits\3/" "$audit_rules_file"
        else
                # Rule isn't present yet. Append it at the end of $audit_rules_file file
                # with proper key

                echo "-w $path -p $required_access_bits -k $key" &gt;&gt; "$audit_rules_file"
        fi
done
}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_package_command" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to to install or uninstall packages on RHEL and Fedora systems</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to install or uninstall packages on RHEL and Fedora systems.

Example Call(s):

  package_command install aide
  package_command remove telnet-server
</description>
      <value>
function package_command {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local package_operation=$1
local package=$2

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "2" ]
then
  echo "Usage: package_command 'install/uninstall' 'rpm_package_name"
  echo "Aborting."
  exit 1
fi

# If dnf is installed, use dnf; otherwise, use yum
if [ -f "/usr/bin/dnf" ] ; then
  install_util="/usr/bin/dnf"
else
  install_util="/usr/bin/yum"
fi

if [ "$package_operation" != 'remove' ] ; then
  # If the rpm is not installed, install the rpm
  if ! /bin/rpm -q --quiet $package; then
    $install_util -y $package_operation $package
  fi
else
  # If the rpm is installed, uninstall the rpm
  if /bin/rpm -q --quiet $package; then
    $install_util -y $package_operation $package
  fi
fi

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_service_command" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to enable/disable and start/stop services on RHEL
and Fedora systems</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to enable/disable and start/stop services on RHEL and
Fedora systems.

Example Call(s):

  service_command enable bluetooth
  service_command disable bluetooth.service

  Using xinetd:
  service_command disable rsh.socket xinetd=rsh
</description>
      <value>
function service_command {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local service_state=$1
local service=$2
local xinetd=$(echo $3 | cut -d'=' -f2)

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -lt "2" ]
then
  echo "Usage: service_command 'enable/disable' 'service_name.service'"
  echo
  echo "To enable or disable xinetd services add \'xinetd=service_name\'"
  echo "as the last argument"
  echo "Aborting."
  exit 1
fi

# If systemctl is installed, use systemctl command; otherwise, use the service/chkconfig commands
if [ -f "/usr/bin/systemctl" ] ; then
  service_util="/usr/bin/systemctl"
else
  service_util="/sbin/service"
  chkconfig_util="/sbin/chkconfig"
fi

# If disable is not specified in arg1, set variables to enable services.
# Otherwise, variables are to be set to disable services.
if [ "$service_state" != 'disable' ] ; then
  service_state="enable"
  service_operation="start"
  chkconfig_state="on"
else
  service_state="disable"
  service_operation="stop"
  chkconfig_state="off"
fi

# If chkconfig_util is not empty, use chkconfig/service commands.
if ! [ "x$chkconfig_util" = x ] ; then
  $service_util $service $service_operation
  $chkconfig_util --level 0123456 $service $chkconfig_state
else
  $service_util $service_operation $service
  $service_util $service_state $service
fi

# Test if local variable xinetd is empty using non-bashism.
# If empty, then xinetd is not being used.
if ! [ "x$xinetd" = x ] ; then
  grep -qi disable /etc/xinetd.d/$xinetd &amp;&amp; \

  if ! [ "$service_operation" != 'disable' ] ; then
    sed -i "s/disable.*/disable         = no/gI" /etc/xinetd.d/$xinetd
  else
    sed -i "s/disable.*/disable         = yes/gI" /etc/xinetd.d/$xinetd
  fi
fi

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to perform remediation for 'audit_rules_privileged_commands' rule</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to perform remediation for 'audit_rules_privileged_commands' rule

Expects two arguments:

  audit_tool            tool used to load audit rules
                        One of 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'

  min_auid              Minimum original ID the user logged in with
                        '500' for RHEL-6 and before, '1000' for RHEL-7 and after.

Example Call(s):

  perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation "auditctl" "500"
  perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation "augenrules" "1000"
</description>
      <value>
function perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation {
#
# Load function arguments into local variables
local tool="$1"
local min_auid="$2"

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "2" ]
then
        echo "Usage: perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation 'auditctl | augenrules' '500 | 1000'"
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
fi

declare -a files_to_inspect=()

# Check sanity of the specified audit tool
if [ "$tool" != 'auditctl' ] &amp;&amp; [ "$tool" != 'augenrules' ]
then
        echo "Unknown audit rules loading tool: $1. Aborting."
        echo "Use either 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'!"
        exit 1
# If the audit tool is 'auditctl', then:
# * add '/etc/audit/audit.rules'to the list of files to be inspected,
# * specify '/etc/audit/audit.rules' as the output audit file, where
#   missing rules should be inserted
elif [ "$tool" == 'auditctl' ]
then
        files_to_inspect=("/etc/audit/audit.rules")
        output_audit_file="/etc/audit/audit.rules"
#
# If the audit tool is 'augenrules', then:
# * add '/etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules' to the list of files to be inspected
#   (split by newline),
# * specify /etc/audit/rules.d/privileged.rules' as the output file, where
#   missing rules should be inserted
elif [ "$tool" == 'augenrules' ]
then
        IFS=$'\n' files_to_inspect=($(find /etc/audit/rules.d -maxdepth 1 -type f -name *.rules -print))
        output_audit_file="/etc/audit/rules.d/privileged.rules"
fi

# Obtain the list of SUID/SGID binaries on the particular system (split by newline)
# into privileged_binaries array
IFS=$'\n' privileged_binaries=($(find / -xdev -type f -perm -4000 -o -type f -perm -2000 2&gt;/dev/null))

# Keep list of SUID/SGID binaries that have been already handled within some previous iteration
declare -a sbinaries_to_skip=()

# For each found sbinary in privileged_binaries list
for sbinary in "${privileged_binaries[@]}"
do

        # Replace possible slash '/' character in sbinary definition so we could use it in sed expressions below
        sbinary_esc=${sbinary//$'/'/$'\/'}
        # Check if this sbinary wasn't already handled in some of the previous iterations
        # Return match only if whole sbinary definition matched (not in the case just prefix matched!!!)
        if [[ $(sed -ne "/${sbinary_esc}$/p" &lt;&lt;&lt; ${sbinaries_to_skip[@]}) ]]
        then
                # If so, don't process it second time &amp; go to process next sbinary
                continue
        fi

        # Reset the counter of inspected files when starting to check
        # presence of existing audit rule for new sbinary
        local count_of_inspected_files=0

        # For each audit rules file from the list of files to be inspected
        for afile in "${files_to_inspect[@]}"
        do

                # Search current audit rules file's content for match. Match criteria:
                # * existing rule is for the same SUID/SGID binary we are currently processing (but
                #   can contain multiple -F path= elements covering multiple SUID/SGID binaries)
                # * existing rule contains all arguments from expected rule form (though can contain
                #   them in arbitrary order)

                base_search=$(sed -e "/-a always,exit/!d" -e "/-F path=${sbinary_esc}$/!d"   \
                                  -e "/-F path=[^[:space:]]\+/!d" -e "/-F perm=.*/!d"       \
                                  -e "/-F auid&gt;=${min_auid}/!d" -e "/-F auid!=4294967295/!d"  \
                                  -e "/-k privileged/!d" $afile)

                # Increase the count of inspected files for this sbinary
                count_of_inspected_files=$((count_of_inspected_files + 1))

                # Define expected rule form for this binary
                expected_rule="-a always,exit -F path=${sbinary} -F perm=x -F auid&gt;=${min_auid} -F auid!=4294967295 -k privileged"

                # Require execute access type to be set for existing audit rule
                exec_access='x'

                # Search current audit rules file's content for presence of rule pattern for this sbinary
                if [[ $base_search ]]
                then

                        # Current audit rules file already contains rule for this binary =&gt;
                        # Store the exact form of found rule for this binary for further processing
                        concrete_rule=$base_search

                        # Select all other SUID/SGID binaries possibly also present in the found rule
                        IFS=$'\n' handled_sbinaries=($(grep -o -e "-F path=[^[:space:]]\+" &lt;&lt;&lt; $concrete_rule))
                        IFS=$' ' handled_sbinaries=(${handled_sbinaries[@]//-F path=/})

                        # Merge the list of such SUID/SGID binaries found in this iteration with global list ignoring duplicates
                        sbinaries_to_skip=($(for i in "${sbinaries_to_skip[@]}" "${handled_sbinaries[@]}"; do echo $i; done | sort -du))

                        # Separate concrete_rule into three sections using hash '#'
                        # sign as a delimiter around rule's permission section borders
                        concrete_rule=$(echo $concrete_rule | sed -n "s/\(.*\)\+\(-F perm=[rwax]\+\)\+/\1#\2#/p")

                        # Split concrete_rule into head, perm, and tail sections using hash '#' delimiter
                        IFS=$'#' read rule_head rule_perm rule_tail &lt;&lt;&lt;  "$concrete_rule"

                        # Extract already present exact access type [r|w|x|a] from rule's permission section
                        access_type=${rule_perm//-F perm=/}

                        # Verify current permission access type(s) for rule contain 'x' (execute) permission
                        if ! grep -q "$exec_access" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$access_type"
                        then

                                # If not, append the 'x' (execute) permission to the existing access type bits
                                access_type="$access_type$exec_access"
                                # Reconstruct the permissions section for the rule
                                new_rule_perm="-F perm=$access_type"
                                # Update existing rule in current audit rules file with the new permission section
                                sed -i "s#${rule_head}\(.*\)${rule_tail}#${rule_head}${new_rule_perm}${rule_tail}#" $afile

                        fi

                # If the required audit rule for particular sbinary wasn't found yet, insert it under following conditions:
                #
                # * in the "auditctl" mode of operation insert particular rule each time
                #   (because in this mode there's only one file -- /etc/audit/audit.rules to be inspected for presence of this rule),
                #
                # * in the "augenrules" mode of operation insert particular rule only once and only in case we have already
                #   searched all of the files from /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules location (since that audit rule can be defined
                #   in any of those files and if not, we want it to be inserted only once into /etc/audit/rules.d/privileged.rules file)
                #
                elif [ "$tool" == "auditctl" ] || [[ "$tool" == "augenrules" &amp;&amp; $count_of_inspected_files -eq "${#files_to_inspect[@]}" ]]
                then

                        # Current audit rules file's content doesn't contain expected rule for this
                        # SUID/SGID binary yet =&gt; append it
                        echo $expected_rule &gt;&gt; $output_audit_file
                fi

        done

done

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_populate" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to populate environment variables needed for unit testing</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The populate function isn't directly used by SSG at the moment but it can
ba used for testing purposes (to verify proper work of the remediation script directly
from the shell).</description>
      <value>
function populate {
# Code to populate environment variables needed (for unit testing)
if [ -z "${!1}" ]; then
	echo "$1 is not defined. Exiting."
	exit
fi
}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and 'stime'
audit system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Perform the remediation for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and 'stime' audit
# system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 OS</description>
      <value>
function fix_audit_syscall_rule {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local tool="$1"
local pattern="$2"
local group="$3"
local arch="$4"
local full_rule="$5"

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "5" ]
then
        echo "Usage: fix_audit_syscall_rule 'tool' 'pattern' 'group' 'arch' 'full rule'"
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
fi

# Create a list of audit *.rules files that should be inspected for presence and correctness
# of a particular audit rule. The scheme is as follows:
# 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Tool used to load audit rules | Rule already defined  |  Audit rules file to inspect    |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        auditctl                |     Doesn't matter    |  /etc/audit/audit.rules         |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        augenrules              |          Yes          |  /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules     |
#        augenrules              |          No           |  /etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules  |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
declare -a files_to_inspect

# First check sanity of the specified audit tool
if [ "$tool" != 'auditctl' ] &amp;&amp; [ "$tool" != 'augenrules' ]
then
        echo "Unknown audit rules loading tool: $1. Aborting."
        echo "Use either 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'!"
        exit 1
# If audit tool is 'auditctl', then add '/etc/audit/audit.rules'
# file to the list of files to be inspected
elif [ "$tool" == 'auditctl' ]
then
        files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" '/etc/audit/audit.rules' )
# If audit tool is 'augenrules', then check if the audit rule is defined
# If rule is defined, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules' to the list for inspection
# If rule isn't defined yet, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules' to the list for inspection
elif [ "$tool" == 'augenrules' ]
then
        # Extract audit $key from audit rule so we can use it later
        key=$(expr "$full_rule" : '.*-k[[:space:]]\([^[:space:]]\+\)')
        # Check if particular audit rule is already defined
        IFS=$'\n' matches=($(sed -s -n -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d;F" /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS
        for match in "${matches[@]}"
        do
                files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" "${match}")
        done
        # Case when particular rule isn't defined in /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules yet
        if [ ${#files_to_inspect[@]} -eq "0" ]
        then
                files_to_inspect="/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules"
                if [ ! -e "$files_to_inspect" ]
                then
                        touch "$files_to_inspect"
                        chmod 0640 "$files_to_inspect"
                fi
        fi
fi

#
# Indicator that we want to append $full_rule into $audit_file by default
local append_expected_rule=0

for audit_file in "${files_to_inspect[@]}"
do

        # Filter existing $audit_file rules' definitions to select those that:
        # * follow the rule pattern, and
        # * meet the hardware architecture requirement, and
        # * are current syscall group specific
        IFS=$'\n' existing_rules=($(sed -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d"  "$audit_file"))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS

        # Process rules found case-by-case
        for rule in "${existing_rules[@]}"
        do
                # Found rule is for same arch &amp; key, but differs (e.g. in count of -S arguments)
                if [ "${rule}" != "${full_rule}" ]
                then
                        # If so, isolate just '(-S \w)+' substring of that rule
                        rule_syscalls=$(echo $rule | grep -o -P '(-S \w+ )+')
                        # Check if list of '-S syscall' arguments of that rule is subset
                        # of '-S syscall' list of expected $full_rule
                        if grep -q -- "$rule_syscalls" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$full_rule"
                        then
                                # Rule is covered (i.e. the list of -S syscalls for this rule is
                                # subset of -S syscalls of $full_rule =&gt; existing rule can be deleted
                                # Thus delete the rule from audit.rules &amp; our array
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                existing_rules=("${existing_rules[@]//$rule/}")
                        else
                                # Rule isn't covered by $full_rule - it besides -S syscall arguments
                                # for this group contains also -S syscall arguments for other syscall
                                # group. Example: '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' =&gt; group='chown'
                                # since 'lchown' &amp; 'fchownat' share 'chown' substring
                                # Therefore:
                                # * 1) delete the original rule from audit.rules
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' rule would be deleted)
                                # * 2) delete the -S syscall arguments for this syscall group, but
                                # keep those not belonging to this syscall group
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' would become '-S fchmod'
                                # * 3) append the modified (filtered) rule again into audit.rules
                                # if the same rule not already present
                                #
                                # 1) Delete the original rule
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                # 2) Delete syscalls for this group, but keep those from other groups
                                # Convert current rule syscall's string into array splitting by '-S' delimiter
                                IFS=$'-S' read -a rule_syscalls_as_array &lt;&lt;&lt; "$rule_syscalls"
                                # Reset IFS back to default
                                unset $IFS
                                # Declare new empty string to hold '-S syscall' arguments from other groups
                                new_syscalls_for_rule=''
                                # Walk through existing '-S syscall' arguments
                                for syscall_arg in "${rule_syscalls_as_array[@]}"
                                do
                                        # Skip empty $syscall_arg values
                                        if [ "$syscall_arg" == '' ]
                                        then
                                                continue
                                        fi
                                        # If the '-S syscall' doesn't belong to current group add it to the new list
                                        # (together with adding '-S' delimiter back for each of such item found)
                                        if grep -q -v -- "$group" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$syscall_arg"
                                        then
                                                new_syscalls_for_rule="$new_syscalls_for_rule -S $syscall_arg"
                                        fi
                                done
                                # Replace original '-S syscall' list with the new one for this rule
                                updated_rule=${rule//$rule_syscalls/$new_syscalls_for_rule}
                                # Squeeze repeated whitespace characters in rule definition (if any) into one
                                updated_rule=$(echo "$updated_rule" | tr -s '[:space:]')
                                # 3) Append the modified / filtered rule again into audit.rules
                                #    (but only in case it's not present yet to prevent duplicate definitions)
                                if ! grep -q -- "$updated_rule" "$audit_file"
                                then
                                        echo "$updated_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
                                fi
                        fi
                else
                        # $audit_file already contains the expected rule form for this
                        # architecture &amp; key =&gt; don't insert it second time
                        append_expected_rule=1
                fi
        done

        # We deleted all rules that were subset of the expected one for this arch &amp; key.
        # Also isolated rules containing system calls not from this system calls group.
        # Now append the expected rule if it's not present in $audit_file yet
        if [[ ${append_expected_rule} -eq "0" ]]
        then
                echo "$full_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
        fi
done

}

function rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation {

# Perform the remediation for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and 'stime' audit
# system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 OS
#
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
        PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S .* -k *"
        # Create expected audit group and audit rule form for particular system call &amp; architecture
        if [ ${ARCH} = "b32" ]
        then
                # stime system call is known at 32-bit arch (see e.g "$ ausyscall i386 stime" 's output)
                # so append it to the list of time group system calls to be audited
                GROUP="\(adjtimex\|settimeofday\|stime\)"
                FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -S stime -k audit_time_rules"
        elif [ ${ARCH} = "b64" ]
        then
                # stime system call isn't known at 64-bit arch (see "$ ausyscall x86_64 stime" 's output)
                # therefore don't add it to the list of time group system calls to be audited
                GROUP="\(adjtimex\|settimeofday\)"
                FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules"
        fi
        # Perform the remediation itself
        fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_rhel7_fedora_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and 'stime'
audit system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 or Fedora</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Perform the remediation for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and
'stime' audit system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 or Fedora OSes</description>
      <value>
function fix_audit_syscall_rule {

# Load function arguments into local variables
local tool="$1"
local pattern="$2"
local group="$3"
local arch="$4"
local full_rule="$5"

# Check sanity of the input
if [ $# -ne "5" ]
then
        echo "Usage: fix_audit_syscall_rule 'tool' 'pattern' 'group' 'arch' 'full rule'"
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
fi

# Create a list of audit *.rules files that should be inspected for presence and correctness
# of a particular audit rule. The scheme is as follows:
# 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Tool used to load audit rules | Rule already defined  |  Audit rules file to inspect    |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        auditctl                |     Doesn't matter    |  /etc/audit/audit.rules         |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#        augenrules              |          Yes          |  /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules     |
#        augenrules              |          No           |  /etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules  |
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
declare -a files_to_inspect

# First check sanity of the specified audit tool
if [ "$tool" != 'auditctl' ] &amp;&amp; [ "$tool" != 'augenrules' ]
then
        echo "Unknown audit rules loading tool: $1. Aborting."
        echo "Use either 'auditctl' or 'augenrules'!"
        exit 1
# If audit tool is 'auditctl', then add '/etc/audit/audit.rules'
# file to the list of files to be inspected
elif [ "$tool" == 'auditctl' ]
then
        files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" '/etc/audit/audit.rules' )
# If audit tool is 'augenrules', then check if the audit rule is defined
# If rule is defined, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules' to the list for inspection
# If rule isn't defined yet, add '/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules' to the list for inspection
elif [ "$tool" == 'augenrules' ]
then
        # Extract audit $key from audit rule so we can use it later
        key=$(expr "$full_rule" : '.*-k[[:space:]]\([^[:space:]]\+\)')
        # Check if particular audit rule is already defined
        IFS=$'\n' matches=($(sed -s -n -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d;F" /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS
        for match in "${matches[@]}"
        do
                files_to_inspect=("${files_to_inspect[@]}" "${match}")
        done
        # Case when particular rule isn't defined in /etc/audit/rules.d/*.rules yet
        if [ ${#files_to_inspect[@]} -eq "0" ]
        then
                files_to_inspect="/etc/audit/rules.d/$key.rules"
                if [ ! -e "$files_to_inspect" ]
                then
                        touch "$files_to_inspect"
                        chmod 0640 "$files_to_inspect"
                fi
        fi
fi

#
# Indicator that we want to append $full_rule into $audit_file by default
local append_expected_rule=0

for audit_file in "${files_to_inspect[@]}"
do

        # Filter existing $audit_file rules' definitions to select those that:
        # * follow the rule pattern, and
        # * meet the hardware architecture requirement, and
        # * are current syscall group specific
        IFS=$'\n' existing_rules=($(sed -e "/${pattern}/!d" -e "/${arch}/!d" -e "/${group}/!d"  "$audit_file"))
        # Reset IFS back to default
        unset $IFS

        # Process rules found case-by-case
        for rule in "${existing_rules[@]}"
        do
                # Found rule is for same arch &amp; key, but differs (e.g. in count of -S arguments)
                if [ "${rule}" != "${full_rule}" ]
                then
                        # If so, isolate just '(-S \w)+' substring of that rule
                        rule_syscalls=$(echo $rule | grep -o -P '(-S \w+ )+')
                        # Check if list of '-S syscall' arguments of that rule is subset
                        # of '-S syscall' list of expected $full_rule
                        if grep -q -- "$rule_syscalls" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$full_rule"
                        then
                                # Rule is covered (i.e. the list of -S syscalls for this rule is
                                # subset of -S syscalls of $full_rule =&gt; existing rule can be deleted
                                # Thus delete the rule from audit.rules &amp; our array
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                existing_rules=("${existing_rules[@]//$rule/}")
                        else
                                # Rule isn't covered by $full_rule - it besides -S syscall arguments
                                # for this group contains also -S syscall arguments for other syscall
                                # group. Example: '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' =&gt; group='chown'
                                # since 'lchown' &amp; 'fchownat' share 'chown' substring
                                # Therefore:
                                # * 1) delete the original rule from audit.rules
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' rule would be deleted)
                                # * 2) delete the -S syscall arguments for this syscall group, but
                                # keep those not belonging to this syscall group
                                # (original '-S lchown -S fchmod -S fchownat' would become '-S fchmod'
                                # * 3) append the modified (filtered) rule again into audit.rules
                                # if the same rule not already present
                                #
                                # 1) Delete the original rule
                                sed -i -e "/$rule/d" "$audit_file"
                                # 2) Delete syscalls for this group, but keep those from other groups
                                # Convert current rule syscall's string into array splitting by '-S' delimiter
                                IFS=$'-S' read -a rule_syscalls_as_array &lt;&lt;&lt; "$rule_syscalls"
                                # Reset IFS back to default
                                unset $IFS
                                # Declare new empty string to hold '-S syscall' arguments from other groups
                                new_syscalls_for_rule=''
                                # Walk through existing '-S syscall' arguments
                                for syscall_arg in "${rule_syscalls_as_array[@]}"
                                do
                                        # Skip empty $syscall_arg values
                                        if [ "$syscall_arg" == '' ]
                                        then
                                                continue
                                        fi
                                        # If the '-S syscall' doesn't belong to current group add it to the new list
                                        # (together with adding '-S' delimiter back for each of such item found)
                                        if grep -q -v -- "$group" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$syscall_arg"
                                        then
                                                new_syscalls_for_rule="$new_syscalls_for_rule -S $syscall_arg"
                                        fi
                                done
                                # Replace original '-S syscall' list with the new one for this rule
                                updated_rule=${rule//$rule_syscalls/$new_syscalls_for_rule}
                                # Squeeze repeated whitespace characters in rule definition (if any) into one
                                updated_rule=$(echo "$updated_rule" | tr -s '[:space:]')
                                # 3) Append the modified / filtered rule again into audit.rules
                                #    (but only in case it's not present yet to prevent duplicate definitions)
                                if ! grep -q -- "$updated_rule" "$audit_file"
                                then
                                        echo "$updated_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
                                fi
                        fi
                else
                        # $audit_file already contains the expected rule form for this
                        # architecture &amp; key =&gt; don't insert it second time
                        append_expected_rule=1
                fi
        done

        # We deleted all rules that were subset of the expected one for this arch &amp; key.
        # Also isolated rules containing system calls not from this system calls group.
        # Now append the expected rule if it's not present in $audit_file yet
        if [[ ${append_expected_rule} -eq "0" ]]
        then
                echo "$full_rule" &gt;&gt; "$audit_file"
        fi
done

}

function rhel7_fedora_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation {

# Perform the remediation for the 'adjtimex', 'settimeofday', and 'stime' audit
# system calls on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 or Fedora OSes
#
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do

        PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S .* -k *"
        # Create expected audit group and audit rule form for particular system call &amp; architecture
        if [ ${ARCH} = "b32" ]
        then
                # stime system call is known at 32-bit arch (see e.g "$ ausyscall i386 stime" 's output)
                # so append it to the list of time group system calls to be audited
                GROUP="\(adjtimex\|settimeofday\|stime\)"
                FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -S stime -k audit_time_rules"
        elif [ ${ARCH} = "b64" ]
        then
                # stime system call isn't known at 64-bit arch (see "$ ausyscall x86_64 stime" 's output)
                # therefore don't add it to the list of time group system calls to be audited
                GROUP="\(adjtimex\|settimeofday\)"
                FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules"
        fi
        # Perform the remediation for both possible tools: 'auditctl' and 'augenrules'
        fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
        fix_audit_syscall_rule "augenrules" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_replace_or_append" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to replace configuration setting in config file or
add the configuration setting if it does not exist yet</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to replace configuration setting in config file or add
the configuration setting if it does not exist.

Expects four arguments:

  config_file:		Configuration file that will be modified
  key:			Configuration option to change
  value:		Value of the configuration option to change
  cce:			The CCE identifier or '$CCENUM' if no CCE identifier exists

Optional arguments:

  format:		Optional argument to specify the format of how key/value should be
			modified/appended in the configuration file. The default is key = value.

Example Call(s):

  With default format of 'key = value':
  replace_or_append '/etc/sysctl.conf' '^kernel.randomize_va_space' '2' '$CCENUM'

  With custom key/value format:
  replace_or_append '/etc/sysconfig/selinux' '^SELINUX=' 'disabled' '$CCENUM' '%s=%s'

  With a variable:
  replace_or_append '/etc/sysconfig/selinux' '^SELINUX=' $var_selinux_state '$CCENUM' '%s=%s'
</description>
      <value>
function replace_or_append {
  local config_file=$1
  local key=$2
  local value=$3
  local cce=$4
  local format=$5

  # Check sanity of the input
  if [ $# -lt "3" ]
  then
        echo "Usage: replace_or_append 'config_file_location' 'key_to_search' 'new_value'"
        echo
        echo "If symlinks need to be taken into account, add yes/no to the last argument"
        echo "to allow to 'follow_symlinks'."
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
  fi

  # Test if the config_file is a symbolic link. If so, use --follow-symlinks with sed.
  # Otherwise, regular sed command will do.
  if test -L $config_file; then
    sed_command="sed -i --follow-symlinks"
  else
    sed_command="sed -i"
  fi

  # Test that the cce arg is not empty or does not equal $CCENUM.
  # If $CCENUM exists, it means that there is no CCE assigned.
  if ! [ "x$cce" = x ] &amp;&amp; [ "$cce" != '$CCENUM' ]; then
    cce="CCE-${cce}"
  else
    cce="CCE"
  fi

  # Strip any search characters in the key arg so that the key can be replaced without
  # adding any search characters to the config file.
  stripped_key=$(sed "s/[\^=\$,;+]*//g" &lt;&lt;&lt; $key)

  # If there is no print format specified in the last arg, use the default format.
  if ! [ "x$format" = x ] ; then
    printf -v formatted_output "$format" $stripped_key $value
  else
    formatted_output="$stripped_key = $value"
  fi

  # If the key exists, change it. Otherwise, add it to the config_file.
  if `grep -qi $key $config_file` ; then
    $sed_command "s/$key.*/$formatted_output/g" $config_file
  else
    echo -ne "\n# Per $cce: Set $formatted_output in $config_file" &gt;&gt; $config_file
    echo -ne "\n$formatted_output" &gt;&gt; $config_file
  fi

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_firefox_js_setting" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to replace configuration setting(s) in the Firefox
preferences JavaScript file or add the preference if it does not exist yet</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to replace configuration setting(s) in the Firefox
preferences JavaScript file or add the preference if it does not exist.

Expects three arguments:

  config_file:          Configuration file that will be modified
  key:                  Configuration option to change
  value:                Value of the configuration option to change


Example Call(s):

  Without string or variable:
  firefox_js_setting "stig_settings.js" "general.config.obscure_value" "0"

  With string:
  firefox_js_setting "stig_settings.js" "general.config.filename" "\"stig.cfg\""

  With a string variable:
  firefox_js_setting "stig_settings.js" "general.config.filename" "\"$var_config_file_name\""
</description>
      <value>
function firefox_js_setting {
  local firefox_js=$1
  local key=$2
  local value=$3
  local firefox_dirs="/usr/lib/firefox /usr/lib64/firefox /usr/local/lib/firefox /usr/local/lib64/firefox"
  local firefox_pref="/defaults/pref"
  local firefox_preferences="/defaults/preferences"

  # Check sanity of input
  if [ $# -lt "3" ]
  then
        echo "Usage: firefox_js_setting 'config_javascript_file' 'key_to_search' 'new_value'"
        echo
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
  fi

  # Check the possible Firefox install directories
  for firefox_dir in ${firefox_dirs}; do
    # If the Firefox directory exists, then Firefox is installed
    if [ -d "${firefox_dir}" ]; then
      # Different versions of Firefox have different preferences directories, check for them and set the right one
      if [ -d "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_pref}" ] ; then
        local firefox_pref_dir="${firefox_dir}/${firefox_pref}"
      elif [ -d "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_preferences}" ] ; then
        local firefox_pref_dir="${firefox_dir}/${firefox_preferences}"
      else
        mkdir -m 755 -p "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_preferences}"
        local firefox_pref_dir="${firefox_dir}/${firefox_preferences}"
      fi

      # Make sure the Firefox .js file exists and has the appropriate permissions
      if ! [ -f "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}" ] ; then
        touch "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}"
        chmod 644 "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}"
      fi

      # If the key exists, change it. Otherwise, add it to the config_file.
      if `grep -q "^pref(\"${key}\", " "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}"` ; then
        sed -i "s/pref(\"${key}\".*/pref(\"${key}\", ${value});/g" "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}"
      else
        echo "pref(\"${key}\", ${value});" &gt;&gt; "${firefox_pref_dir}/${firefox_js}"
      fi
    fi
  done

}
</value>
    </Value>
    <Value id="function_firefox_cfg_setting" hidden="true" prohibitChanges="true" operator="equals" type="string">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remediation function to replace configuration setting(s) in the Firefox
preferences configuration (.cfg) file or add the preference if it does not exist yet</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Function to replace configuration setting(s) in the Firefox
preferences configuration (.cfg) file or add the preference if it does not exist.

Expects three arguments:

  config_file:          Configuration file that will be modified
  key:                  Configuration option to change
  value:                Value of the configuration option to change


Example Call(s):

  Without string or variable:
  firefox_cfg_setting "stig.cfg" "extensions.update.enabled" "false"

  With string:
  firefox_cfg_setting "stig.cfg" "security.default_personal_cert" "\"Ask Every Time\""

  With a string variable:
  firefox_cfg_setting "stig.cfg" "browser.startup.homepage\" "\"${var_default_home_page}\""
</description>
      <value>
function firefox_cfg_setting {
  local firefox_cfg=$1
  local key=$2
  local value=$3
  local firefox_dirs="/usr/lib/firefox /usr/lib64/firefox /usr/local/lib/firefox /usr/local/lib64/firefox"

  # Check sanity of input
  if [ $# -lt "3" ]
  then
        echo "Usage: firefox_cfg_setting 'config_cfg_file' 'key_to_search' 'new_value'"
        echo
        echo "Aborting."
        exit 1
  fi

  # Check the possible Firefox install directories
  for firefox_dir in ${firefox_dirs}; do
    # If the Firefox directory exists, then Firefox is installed
    if [ -d "${firefox_dir}" ]; then
      # Make sure the Firefox .cfg file exists and has the appropriate permissions
      if ! [ -f "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}" ] ; then
        touch "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}"
        chmod 644 "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}"
      fi

      # If the key exists, change it. Otherwise, add it to the config_file.
      if `grep -q "^lockPref(\"${key}\", " "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}"` ; then
        sed -i "s/lockPref(\"${key}\".*/lockPref(\"${key}\", ${value});/g" "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}"
      else
        echo "lockPref(\"${key}\", ${value});" &gt;&gt; "${firefox_dir}/${firefox_cfg}"
      fi
    fi
  done
}
</value>
    </Value>
  </Group>
  <Group id="intro">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Introduction</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The purpose of this guidance is to provide security configuration
recommendations and baselines for the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 operating
system. Recommended settings for the basic operating system are provided,
as well as for many network services that the system can provide to other systems.
The guide is intended for system administrators. Readers are assumed to
possess basic system administration skills for Unix-like systems, as well
as some familiarity with the product's documentation and administration
conventions. Some instructions within this guide are complex.
All directions should be followed completely and with understanding of
their effects in order to avoid serious adverse effects on the system
and its security.
</description>
    <Group id="general-principles">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">General Principles</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The following general principles motivate much of the advice in this
guide and should also influence any configuration decisions that are
not explicitly covered.
</description>
      <Group id="principle-encrypt-transmitted-data">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Encrypt Transmitted Data Whenever Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Data transmitted over a network, whether wired or wireless, is susceptible
to passive monitoring. Whenever practical solutions for encrypting
such data exist, they should be applied. Even if data is expected to
be transmitted only over a local network, it should still be encrypted.
Encrypting authentication data, such as passwords, is particularly
important. Networks of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 machines can and should be configured
so that no unencrypted authentication data is ever transmitted between
machines.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="principle-minimize-software">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Software to Minimize Vulnerability</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The simplest way to avoid vulnerabilities in software is to avoid
installing that software. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6,
the RPM Package Manager (originally Red Hat
Package Manager, abbreviated RPM)
allows for careful management of
the set of software packages installed on a system. Installed software
contributes to system vulnerability in several ways. Packages that
include setuid programs may provide local attackers a potential path to
privilege escalation. Packages that include network services may give
this opportunity to network-based attackers. Packages that include
programs which are predictably executed by local users (e.g. after
graphical login) may provide opportunities for trojan horses or other
attack code to be run undetected. The number of software packages
installed on a system can almost always be significantly pruned to include
only the software for which there is an environmental or operational need.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="principle-separate-servers">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run Different Network Services on Separate Systems</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Whenever possible, a server should be dedicated to serving exactly one
network service. This limits the number of other services that can
be compromised in the event that an attacker is able to successfully
exploit a software flaw in one network service.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="principle-use-security-tools">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Security Tools to Improve System Robustness</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Several tools exist which can be effectively used to improve a system's
resistance to and detection of unknown attacks. These tools can improve
robustness against attack at the cost of relatively little configuration
effort. In particular, this guide recommends and discusses the use of
host-based firewalling, SELinux for protection against
vulnerable services, and a logging and auditing infrastructure for
detection of problems.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="principle-least-privilege">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Least Privilege</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Grant the least privilege necessary for user accounts and software to perform tasks.
For example, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sudo</html:code> can be implemented to limit authorization to super user
accounts on the system only to designated personnel. Another example is to limit
logins on server systems to only those administrators who need to log into them in
order to perform administration tasks. Using SELinux also follows the principle of
least privilege: SELinux policy can confine software to perform only actions on the
system that are specifically allowed. This can be far more restrictive than the
actions permissible by the traditional Unix permissions model.
</description>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="how-to-use">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">How to Use This Guide</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Readers should heed the following points when using the guide.
</description>
      <Group id="intro-read-sections-completely">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Read Sections Completely and in Order</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Each section may build on information and recommendations discussed in
prior sections. Each section should be read and understood completely;
instructions should never be blindly applied. Relevant discussion may
occur after instructions for an action. 
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="intro-test-non-production">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Test in Non-Production Environment</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This guidance should always be tested in a non-production environment
before deployment. This test environment should simulate the setup in
which the system will be deployed as closely as possible.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="intro-root-shell-assumed">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Root Shell Environment Assumed</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Most of the actions listed in this document are written with the
assumption that they will be executed by the root user running the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/bin/bash</html:code> shell. Commands preceded with a hash mark (#)
assume that the administrator will execute the commands as root, i.e.
apply the command via <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sudo</html:code> whenever possible, or use
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">su</html:code> to gain root privileges if <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sudo</html:code> cannot be
used. Commands which can be executed as a non-root user are are preceded
by a dollar sign ($) prompt.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="intro-formatting-conventions">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Formatting Conventions</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Commands intended for shell execution, as well as configuration file text,
are featured in a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">monospace font</html:code>. <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Italics</html:i> are used
to indicate instances where the system administrator must substitute
the appropriate information into a command or configuration file.
</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="intro-reboot-required">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Reboot Required</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A system reboot is implicitly required after some actions in order to
complete the reconfiguration of the system. In many cases, the changes
will not take effect until a reboot is performed. In order to ensure
that changes are applied properly and to test functionality, always
reboot the system after applying a set of recommendations from this guide.
</description>
      </Group>
    </Group>
  </Group>
  <Group id="system">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System Settings</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Contains rules that check correct system settings.</description>
    <Group id="entropy">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Protect Random-Number Entropy Pool</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The I/O operations of the Linux kernel block layer due to their inherently
unpredictable execution times have been traditionally considered as a reliable
source to contribute to random-number entropy pool of the Linux kernel. This
has changed with introduction of solid-state storage devices (SSDs) though.
</description>
      <Rule id="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Solid State Drives Do Not Contribute To Random-Number Entropy Pool</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">For each solid-state drive on the system, run:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> # echo 0 &gt; /sys/block/DRIVE/queue/add_random</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
In contrast to traditional electromechanical magnetic disks, containing
spinning disks and / or movable read / write heads, the solid-state storage
devices (SSDs) do not contain moving / mechanical components. Therefore the
I/O operation completion times are much more predictable for them.</rationale>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# First obtain the list of block devices present on system into array
#
# Used lsblk options:
# -o NAME	Display only block device name
# -a		Display all devices (including empty ones) in the list
# -d		Don't print device holders or slaves information
# -n		Suppress printing of introductory heading line in the list
SYSTEM_BLOCK_DEVICES=($(/bin/lsblk -o NAME -a -d -n))

# For each SSD block device from that list
# (device where /sys/block/DEVICE/queue/rotation == 0)
for BLOCK_DEVICE in "${SYSTEM_BLOCK_DEVICES[@]}"
do
	# Verify the block device is SSD
	if grep -q "0" /sys/block/${BLOCK_DEVICE}/queue/rotational
	then
		# If particular SSD is configured to contribute to
		# random-number entropy pool, disable it
		if grep -q "1" /sys/block/${BLOCK_DEVICE}/queue/add_random
		then
			echo "0" &gt; /sys/block/${BLOCK_DEVICE}/queue/add_random
		fi
	fi
done
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_disable_entropy_contribution_for_solid_state_drives:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="software">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Installing and Maintaining Software</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The following sections contain information on
security-relevant choices during the initial operating system
installation process and the setup of software
updates.</description>
      <Group id="disk_partitioning">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disk Partitioning</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To ensure separation and protection of data, there
are top-level system directories which should be placed on their
own physical partition or logical volume. The installer's default
partitioning scheme creates separate logical volumes for 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/boot</html:code>, and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">swap</html:code>.
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>If starting with any of the default layouts, check the box to
"Review and modify partitioning." This allows for the easy creation
of additional logical volumes inside the volume group already
created, though it may require making <html:code>/</html:code>'s logical volume smaller to
create space. In general, using logical volumes is preferable to
using partitions because they can be more easily adjusted
later.</html:li><html:li>If creating a custom layout, create the partitions mentioned in
the previous paragraph (which the installer will require anyway),
as well as separate ones described in the following sections.</html:li></html:ul>
If a system has already been installed, and the default
partitioning scheme was used, it is possible but nontrivial to
modify it to create separate logical volumes for the directories
listed above. The Logical Volume Manager (LVM) makes this possible.
See the LVM HOWTO at <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/">http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/</html:a> for more
detailed information on LVM.</description>
        <Rule id="partition_for_tmp" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure /tmp Located On Separate Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> directory is a world-writable directory used
for temporary file storage. Ensure it has its own partition or
logical volume at installation time, or migrate it using LVM.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-32</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1208</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> partition is used as temporary storage by many programs.
Placing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> in its own partition enables the setting of more
restrictive mount options, which can help protect programs which use it.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26435-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000001</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-partition_for_tmp:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-partition_for_tmp_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="partition_for_var" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure /var Located On Separate Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var</html:code> directory is used by daemons and other system
services to store frequently-changing data. Ensure that <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var</html:code> has its own partition
or logical volume at installation time, or migrate it using LVM.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-32</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1208</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensuring that <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var</html:code> is mounted on its own partition enables the
setting of more restrictive mount options. This helps protect
system services such as daemons or other programs which use it.
It is not uncommon for the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var</html:code> directory to contain
world-writable directories installed by other software packages.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26639-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000002</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-partition_for_var:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-partition_for_var_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="partition_for_var_log" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure /var/log Located On Separate Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
System logs are stored in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code> directory.
Ensure that it has its own partition or logical
volume at installation time, or migrate it using LVM.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-32</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1208</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Placing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code> in its own partition
enables better separation between log files
and other files in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/</html:code>.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26215-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000003</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-partition_for_var_log:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-partition_for_var_log_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="partition_for_var_log_audit" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure /var/log/audit Located On Separate Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Audit logs are stored in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/audit</html:code> directory.  Ensure that it
has its own partition or logical volume at installation time, or migrate it
later using LVM. Make absolutely certain that it is large enough to store all
audit logs that will be created by the auditing daemon.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-32</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">137</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">138</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1208</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Placing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/audit</html:code> in its own partition
enables better separation between audit files
and other files, and helps ensure that
auditing cannot be halted due to the partition running out
of space.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26436-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000004</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-partition_for_var_log_audit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-partition_for_var_log_audit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="partition_for_home" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure /home Located On Separate Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If user home directories will be stored locally, create a separate partition
for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/home</html:code> at installation time (or migrate it later using LVM). If
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/home</html:code> will be mounted from another system such as an NFS server, then
creating a separate partition is not necessary at installation time, and the
mountpoint can instead be configured later.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-32</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1208</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensuring that <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/home</html:code> is mounted on its own partition enables the
setting of more restrictive mount options, and also helps ensure that
users cannot trivially fill partitions used for log or audit data storage.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26557-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000007</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-partition_for_home:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-partition_for_home_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="encrypt_partitions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Encrypt Partitions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 natively supports partition encryption through the
Linux Unified Key Setup-on-disk-format (LUKS) technology. The easiest way to 
encrypt a partition is during installation time.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For manual installations, select the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Encrypt</html:code> checkbox during
partition creation to encrypt the partition. When this
option is selected the system will prompt for a passphrase to use in
decrypting the partition. The passphrase will subsequently need to be entered manually
every time the system boots.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For automated/unattended installations, it is possible to use Kickstart by adding
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">--encrypted</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">--passphrase=</html:code> options to the definition of each partition to be
encrypted. For example, the following line would encrypt the root partition:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">part / --fstype=ext3 --size=100 --onpart=hda1 --encrypted --passphrase=<html:i>PASSPHRASE</html:i></html:pre>
Any <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PASSPHRASE</html:i> is stored in the Kickstart in plaintext, and the Kickstart must then be protected accordingly.
Omitting the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">--passphrase=</html:code> option from the partition definition will cause the
installer to pause and interactively ask for the passphrase during installation.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Detailed information on encrypting partitions using LUKS can be found on
the Red Hat Documentation web site:<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Security_Guide/chap-Security_Guide-Encryption.html#sect-Security_Guide-LUKS_Disk_Encryption">https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Security_Guide/chap-Security_Guide-Encryption.html#sect-Security_Guide-LUKS_Disk_Encryption</html:a>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-13</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1019</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1199</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1200</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The risk of a system's physical compromise, particularly mobile systems such as
laptops, places its data at risk of compromise.  Encrypting this data mitigates
the risk of its loss if the system is lost.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27596-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000275</ident>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-encrypt_partitions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="updating">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Updating Software</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">yum</html:code> command line tool is used to install and
update software packages. The system also provides a graphical
software update tool in the <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">System</html:b> menu, in the <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Administration</html:b> submenu,
called <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Software Update</html:b>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems contain an installed software catalog called
the RPM database, which records metadata of installed packages. Consistently using
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">yum</html:code> or the graphical <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Software Update</html:b> for all software installation
allows for insight into the current inventory of installed software on the system.
</description>
        <Rule id="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Red Hat GPG Key Installed</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure the system can cryptographically verify base software
packages come from Red Hat (and to connect to the Red Hat Network to
receive them), the Red Hat GPG key must properly be installed.  
To install the Red Hat GPG key, run:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rhn_register</html:pre>
If the system is not connected to the Internet or an RHN Satellite,
then install the Red Hat GPG key from trusted media such as
the Red Hat installation CD-ROM or DVD. Assuming the disc is mounted
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/media/cdrom</html:code>, use the following command as the root user to import
it into the keyring:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rpm --import /media/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">351</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Red Hat GPG key is necessary to cryptographically verify packages
are from Red Hat.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26506-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000008</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"># The two fingerprints below are retrieved from https://access.redhat.com/security/team/key
readonly REDHAT_RELEASE_2_FINGERPRINT="567E 347A D004 4ADE 55BA 8A5F 199E 2F91 FD43 1D51"
readonly REDHAT_AUXILIARY_FINGERPRINT="43A6 E49C 4A38 F4BE 9ABF 2A53 4568 9C88 2FA6 58E0"
# Location of the key we would like to import (once it's integrity verified)
readonly REDHAT_RELEASE_KEY="/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release"

RPM_GPG_DIR_PERMS=$(stat -c %a "$(dirname "$REDHAT_RELEASE_KEY")")

# Verify /etc/pki/rpm-gpg directory permissions are safe
if [ "${RPM_GPG_DIR_PERMS}" -le "755" ]
then
  # If they are safe, try to obtain fingerprints from the key file
  # (to ensure there won't be e.g. CRC error)
  IFS=$'\n' GPG_OUT=($(gpg --with-fingerprint "${REDHAT_RELEASE_KEY}"))
  GPG_RESULT=$?
  # No CRC error, safe to proceed
  if [ "${GPG_RESULT}" -eq "0" ]
  then
    for ITEM in "${GPG_OUT[@]}"
    do
      # Filter just hexadecimal fingerprints from gpg's output from
      # processing of a key file
      RESULT=$(echo ${ITEM} | sed -n "s/[[:space:]]*Key fingerprint = \(.*\)/\1/p" | tr -s '[:space:]')
      # If fingerprint matches Red Hat's release 2 or auxiliary key import the key
      if [[ ${RESULT} ]] &amp;&amp; ([[ ${RESULT} = "${REDHAT_RELEASE_2_FINGERPRINT}" ]] || \
                             [[ ${RESULT} = "${REDHAT_AUXILIARY_FINGERPRINT}" ]])
      then
        rpm --import "${REDHAT_RELEASE_KEY}"
      fi
    done
  fi
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ensure_redhat_gpgkey_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure gpgcheck Enabled In Main Yum Configuration</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gpgcheck</html:code> option controls whether
RPM packages' signatures are always checked prior to installation.
To configure yum to check package signatures before installing
them, ensure the following line appears in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/yum.conf</html:code> in
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[main]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gpgcheck=1</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">352</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">663</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensuring the validity of packages' cryptographic signatures prior to
installation ensures the authenticity of the software and
protects against malicious tampering.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26709-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000013</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i 's/gpgcheck=.*/gpgcheck=1/g' /etc/yum.conf
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ensure_gpgcheck_globally_activated_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure gpgcheck Enabled For All Yum Package Repositories</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To ensure signature checking is not disabled for
any repos, remove any lines from files in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/yum.repos.d</html:code> of the form:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gpgcheck=0</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">352</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">663</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensuring all packages' cryptographic signatures are valid prior to
installation ensures the authenticity of the software and
protects against malicious tampering.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26647-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000015</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i 's/gpgcheck=.*/gpgcheck=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/*
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ensure_gpgcheck_never_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="security_patches_up_to_date" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Software Patches Installed</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system is joined to the Red Hat Network, a Red Hat Satellite Server,
or a yum server, run the following command to install updates:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum update</html:pre>
If the system is not configured to use one of these sources, updates (in the form of RPM packages)
can be manually downloaded from the Red Hat Network and installed using <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpm</html:code>.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-2</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1227</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1233</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Installing software updates is a fundamental mitigation against
the exploitation of publicly-known vulnerabilities.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27635-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000011</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="security_patches_up_to_date" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">yum -y update
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref href="http://www.redhat.com/security/data/oval/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-security_patches_up_to_date_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="integrity">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Software Integrity Checking</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Both the AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment)
software and the RPM package management system provide
mechanisms for verifying the integrity of installed software.
AIDE uses snapshots of file metadata (such as hashes) and compares these
to current system files in order to detect changes.
The RPM package management system can conduct integrity
checks by comparing information in its metadata database with
files installed on the system.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Integrity checking cannot <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">prevent</html:i> intrusions,
but can detect that they have occurred. Requirements
for software integrity checking may be highly dependent on
the environment in which the system will be used. Snapshot-based
approaches such as AIDE may induce considerable overhead
in the presence of frequent software updates.
</description>
        <Rule id="disable_prelink" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Prelinking</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The prelinking feature changes binaries in an attempt to decrease their startup
time.  In order to disable it, change or add the following line inside the file
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/prelink</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PRELINKING=no</html:pre>
Next, run the following command to return binaries to a normal, non-prelinked state:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo /usr/sbin/prelink -ua</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Because the prelinking feature changes binaries, it can interfere with the
operation of certain software and/or modes such as AIDE, FIPS, etc.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27221-1</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="disable_prelink" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">#
# Disable prelinking altogether
#
if grep -q ^PRELINKING /etc/sysconfig/prelink
then
  sed -i 's/PRELINKING.*/PRELINKING=no/g' /etc/sysconfig/prelink
else
  echo -e "\n# Set PRELINKING=no per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysconfig/prelink
  echo "PRELINKING=no" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysconfig/prelink
fi

#
# Undo previous prelink changes to binaries
#
/usr/sbin/prelink -ua
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-disable_prelink:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="aide">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Integrity with AIDE</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">AIDE conducts integrity checks by comparing information about
files with previously-gathered information. Ideally, the AIDE database is
created immediately after initial system configuration, and then again after any
software update.  AIDE is highly configurable, with further configuration
information located in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/usr/share/doc/aide-<html:i>VERSION</html:i></html:code>.
</description>
          <Rule id="package_aide_installed" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install AIDE</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Install the AIDE package with the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install aide</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(e)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1069</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The AIDE package must be installed if it is to be available for integrity checking.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27024-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000016</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_aide_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install aide
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_aide_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure aide is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - aide
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_aide_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_aide

class install_aide {
  package { 'aide':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_aide_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=aide
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_aide_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_aide_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="aide_build_database" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Build and Test AIDE Database</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run the following command to generate a new database:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo /usr/sbin/aide --init</html:pre>
By default, the database will be written to the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz</html:code>.
Storing the database, the configuration file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/aide.conf</html:code>, and the binary
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/usr/sbin/aide</html:code> (or hashes of these files), in a secure location (such as on read-only media) provides additional assurance about their integrity.
The newly-generated database can be installed as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo cp /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz /var/lib/aide/aide.db.gz</html:pre>
To initiate a manual check, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo /usr/sbin/aide --check</html:pre>
If this check produces any unexpected output, investigate.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(e)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">374</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">416</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1069</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1263</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1297</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1589</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
For AIDE to be effective, an initial database of "known-good" information about files
must be captured and it should be able to be verified against the installed files.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27135-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000018</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="aide_build_database" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">/usr/sbin/aide --init
/bin/cp -p /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz /var/lib/aide/aide.db.gz
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-aide_build_database:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-aide_build_database_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="aide_periodic_cron_checking" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Periodic Execution of AIDE</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To implement a daily execution of AIDE at 4:05am using cron, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/crontab</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">05 4 * * * root /usr/sbin/aide --check</html:pre>
AIDE can be executed periodically through other means; this is merely one example.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-3(e)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">374</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">416</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1069</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1263</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1297</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1589</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, AIDE does not install itself for periodic execution. Periodically
running AIDE is necessary to reveal unexpected changes in installed files.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27222-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000306</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="aide_periodic_cron_checking" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">echo "05 4 * * * root /usr/sbin/aide --check" &gt;&gt; /etc/crontab
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-aide_periodic_cron_checking:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-aide_periodic_cron_checking_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="rpm_verification">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Integrity with RPM</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The RPM package management system includes the ability
to verify the integrity of installed packages by comparing the
installed files with information about the files taken from the
package metadata stored in the RPM database. Although an attacker
could corrupt the RPM database (analogous to attacking the AIDE
database as described above), this check can still reveal
modification of important files. To list which files on the system differ from what is expected by the RPM database:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ rpm -qVa</html:pre>
See the man page for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpm</html:code> to see a complete explanation of each column.
</description>
          <Rule id="rpm_verify_permissions" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify and Correct File Permissions with RPM</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The RPM package management system can check file access
permissions of installed software packages, including many that are
important to system security. 
After locating a file with incorrect permissions, run the following command to determine which package owns it:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ rpm -qf <html:i>FILENAME</html:i></html:pre>
Next, run the following command to reset its permissions to 
the correct values:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rpm --setperms <html:i>PACKAGENAME</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">
              <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Note: Due to a bug in the <html:code>gdm</html:code> package,
the RPM verify command may continue to fail even after file permissions have
been correctly set on <html:code>/var/log/gdm</html:code>. This is being tracked in Red Hat
Bugzilla #1277603.</html:b>
            </warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1493</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1494</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1495</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Permissions on system binaries and configuration files that are too generous
could allow an unauthorized user to gain privileges that they should not have.
The permissions set by the vendor should be maintained. Any deviations from
this baseline should be investigated.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26731-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000518</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="rpm_verify_permissions" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
# Declare array to hold list of RPM packages we need to correct permissions for
declare -a SETPERMS_RPM_LIST

# Create a list of files on the system having permissions different from what
# is expected by the RPM database
FILES_WITH_INCORRECT_PERMS=($(rpm -Va --nofiledigest | grep '^.M'))

# For each file path from that list:
# * Determine the RPM package the file path is shipped by,
# * Include it into SETPERMS_RPM_LIST array

for FILE_PATH in "${FILES_WITH_INCORRECT_PERMS[@]}"
do
	RPM_PACKAGE=$(rpm -qf "$FILE_PATH")
	SETPERMS_RPM_LIST=("${SETPERMS_RPM_LIST[@]}" "$RPM_PACKAGE")
done

# Remove duplicate mention of same RPM in $SETPERMS_RPM_LIST (if any)
SETPERMS_RPM_LIST=( $(echo "${SETPERMS_RPM_LIST[@]}" | sort -n | uniq) )

# For each of the RPM packages left in the list -- reset its permissions to the
# correct values
for RPM_PACKAGE in "${SETPERMS_RPM_LIST[@]}"
do
	rpm --setperms "${RPM_PACKAGE}"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rpm_verify_permissions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rpm_verify_permissions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="rpm_verify_hashes" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify File Hashes with RPM</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The RPM package management system can check the hashes of
installed software packages, including many that are important to system
security. Run the following command to list which files on the system
have hashes that differ from what is expected by the RPM database:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ rpm -Va | grep '^..5'</html:pre>
A "c" in the second column indicates that a file is a configuration file, which
may appropriately be expected to change.  If the file was not expected to
change, investigate the cause of the change using audit logs or other means.
The package can then be reinstalled to restore the file.
Run the following command to determine which package owns the file:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ rpm -qf <html:i>FILENAME</html:i></html:pre>
The package can be reinstalled from a yum repository using the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum reinstall <html:i>PACKAGENAME</html:i></html:pre>
Alternatively, the package can be reinstalled from trusted media using the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rpm -Uvh <html:i>PACKAGENAME</html:i></html:pre> 
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1496</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The hashes of important files like system executables should match the
information given by the RPM database. Executables with erroneous hashes could
be a sign of nefarious activity on the system.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27223-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000519</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rpm_verify_hashes:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rpm_verify_hashes_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="additional_security_software">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Security Software</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Additional security software that is not provided or supported
by Red Hat can be installed to provide complementary or duplicative
security capabilities to those provided by the base platform.  Add-on
software may not be appropriate for some specialized systems.
</description>
          <Rule id="install_hids" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install Intrusion Detection Software</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The base Red Hat platform already includes a sophisticated auditing system that
can detect intruder activity, as well as SELinux, which provides host-based
intrusion prevention capabilities by confining privileged programs and user
sessions which may become compromised.<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
In DoD environments, supplemental intrusion detection tools, such as, the McAfee
Host-based Security System, are available to integrate with existing infrastructure.
When these supplemental tools interfere with the proper functioning of SELinux, SELinux
takes precedence.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1263</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Host-based intrusion detection tools provide a system-level defense when an
intruder gains access to a system or network.  
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27409-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000285</ident>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-install_hids_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="install_antivirus" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install Virus Scanning Software</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Install virus scanning software, which uses signatures to search for the
presence of viruses on the filesystem. 
The McAfee VirusScan Enterprise for Linux virus scanning tool is provided for DoD systems.
Ensure virus definition files are no older than 7 days, or their last release.

Configure the virus scanning software to perform scans dynamically on all
accessed files.  If this is not possible, configure the
system to scan all altered files on the system on a daily
basis. If the system processes inbound SMTP mail, configure the virus scanner
to scan all received mail.

</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-28</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-3</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1239</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1668</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Virus scanning software can be used to detect if a system has been compromised by
computer viruses, as well as to limit their spread to other systems. 
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27529-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000284</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-install_antivirus:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-install_antivirus_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="fips">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS)</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) is a computer security standard which
is developed by the U.S. Government and industry working groups to validate the quality
of cryptographic modules. The FIPS standard provides four security levels to ensure
adequate coverage of different industries, implementation of cryptographic modules, and
organizational sizes and requirements.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating that mechanisms used to access cryptographic modules
utilize authentication that meets industry and government requirements. For government systems, this allows
Security Levels 1, 2, 3, or 4 for use on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
See <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsFIPS.html">http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsFIPS.html</html:a></html:b> for more information.
</description>
          <Rule id="package_dracut-fips_installed" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install the dracut-fips Package</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To enable FIPS, the system requires that the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dracut-fips</html:code>
package be installed.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dracut-fips</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install dracut-fips</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">2450</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to
protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher
standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested
and validated.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_dracut-fips_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_dracut-fips_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="grub_enable_fips_mode" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable FIPS Mode in GRUB</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure FIPS mode is enabled, rebuild <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">initramfs</html:code> by running the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dracut -f</html:pre>
After the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dracut</html:code> command has been run, add the argument <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">fips=1</html:code> to the default
GRUB kernel line for the Linux operating system in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>, in the manner below:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel /vmlinuz-version ro vga=ext root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet fips=1</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Running <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dracut -f</html:pre> will overwrite the existing initramfs file.</warning>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The system needs to be rebooted for these changes to take effect.</warning>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The ability to enable FIPS does not denote FIPS compliancy or certification.
Red Hat, Inc. and Red Hat Enterprise Linux are respectively FIPS certified and compliant. Community
projects such as CentOS, Scientific Linux, etc. do not necessarily meet FIPS certification and compliancy.
Therefore, non-certified vendors and/or projects do not meet this requirement even if technically feasible.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
See <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/1401vend.htm">http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/1401vend.htm</html:a></html:b> for a list of FIPS certified
vendors.</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">2450</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to
protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher
standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested
and validated.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-grub_enable_fips_mode:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-grub_enable_fips_mode_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="certified-vendor">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Operating System Vendor Support and Certification</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The assurance of a vendor to provide operating system support and maintenance
for their product is an important criterion to ensure product stability and
security over the life of the product. A certified product that follows the
necessary standards and government certification requirements guarantees that
known software vulnerabilities will be remediated, and proper guidance for
protecting and securing the operating system will be given.
</description>
          <Rule id="installed_OS_is_certified" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Installed Operating System Is Vendor Supported and Certified</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The installed operating system must be maintained and certified by a vendor.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux is supported by Red Hat, Inc. As the Red Hat Enterprise
Linux vendor, Red Hat, Inc. is responsible for providing security patches as well
as meeting and maintaining goverment certifications and standards.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An operating system is considered "supported" if the vendor continues to provide
security patches for the product as well as maintain government certification requirements.
With an unsupported release, it will not be possible to resolve security issue discovered in
the system software as well as meet government certifications.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-installed_OS_is_certified:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-installed_OS_is_certified_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="gnome">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME Desktop Environment</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
GNOME is a graphical desktop environment bundled with many Linux distributions that
allow users to easily interact with the operating system graphically rather than
textually. The GNOME Graphical Display Manager (GDM) provides login, logout, and user
switching contexts as well as display server management.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
GNOME is developed by the GNOME Project and is considered the default
Red Hat Graphical environment.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For more information on GNOME and the GNOME Project, see <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="https://www.gnome.org">https://www.gnome.org</html:a></html:b>
</description>
        <Group id="gnome_login_screen">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure GNOME Login Screen</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In the default GNOME desktop, the login is displayed after system boot
and can display user accounts, allow users to reboot the system, and allow users to
login automatically and/or with a guest account. The login screen should be configured
to prevent such behavior.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For more information about enforcing preferences in the GNOME environment using the GConf
configuration system, see <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://projects.gnome.org/gconf">http://projects.gnome.org/gconf</html:a></html:b> and
the man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gconftool-2(1)</html:code>.
</description>
          <Rule id="gnome_gdm_disable_automatic_login" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable GDM Automatic Login</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The GNOME Display Manager (GDM) can allow users to automatically login without
user interaction or credentials. User should always be required to authenticate themselves
to the system that they are authorized to use. To disable user ability to automatically
login to the system, set the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">AutomaticLoginEnable</html:code> to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">false</html:code> in the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[daemon]</html:code> section in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gdm/custom.conf</html:code>. For example:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[daemon]
AutomaticLoginEnable=false</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <reference href="">TBD</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating
system security.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gnome_gdm_disable_automatic_login:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gnome_gdm_disable_automatic_login_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gnome_gdm_disable_guest_login" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable GDM Guest Login</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The GNOME Display Manager (GDM) can allow users to login without credentials
which can be useful for public kiosk scenarios. Allowing users to login without credentials
or "guest" account access has inherent security risks and should be disabled. To do disable
timed logins or guest account access, set the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">TimedLoginEnable</html:code> to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">false</html:code> in
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[daemon]</html:code> section in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gdm/custom.conf</html:code>. For example:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[daemon]
TimedLoginEnable=false</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <reference href="">TBD</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating
system security.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gnome_gdm_disable_guest_login:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gnome_gdm_disable_guest_login_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gdm_disable_user_list" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the User List</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In the default graphical environment, users logging
directly into the system are greeted with a login screen that displays
all known users. This functionality should be disabled.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Run the following command to disable the user list:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/disable_user_list true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-23</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Leaving the user list enabled is a security risk since it allows anyone
with physical access to the system to quickly enumerate known user accounts
without logging in.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27230-2</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gdm_disable_user_list" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Disable displaying of all known system users in the GNOME Display Manager's
# login screen
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type bool \
            --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/disable_user_list true
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gdm_disable_user_list:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gdm_disable_user_list_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_restart_shutdown" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the GNOME Login Restart and Shutdown Buttons</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In the default graphical environment, users logging
directly into the system are greeted with a login screen that allows
any user, known or unknown, the ability shutdown or restart
the system. This functionality should be disabled by running the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/disable_restart_buttons true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <reference href="">TBD</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A user who is at the console can reboot the system at the login screen. If restart or shutdown buttons
are pressed at the login screen, this can create the risk of short-term loss of availability of systems
due to reboot.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_restart_shutdown:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_restart_shutdown_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="gnome_screen_locking">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure GNOME Screen Locking</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In the default GNOME desktop, the screen can be locked
by choosing <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Lock Screen</html:b> from the <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">System</html:b> menu.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gconftool-2</html:code> program can be used to enforce mandatory
screen locking settings for the default GNOME environment.
The
following sections detail commands to enforce idle activation of the screensaver,
screen locking, a blank-screen screensaver, and an idle
activation time.

<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Because users should be trained to lock the screen when they
step away from the computer, the automatic locking feature is only
meant as a backup. The <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Lock Screen</html:b> icon from the <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">System</html:b> menu can
also be dragged to the taskbar in order to facilitate even more
convenient screen-locking.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The root account cannot be screen-locked, but this should
have no practical effect as the root account should <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">never</html:i> be used
to log into an X Windows environment, and should only be used to
for direct login via console in emergency circumstances.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For more information about configuring GNOME screensaver, see
<html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://live.gnome.org/GnomeScreensaver">http://live.gnome.org/GnomeScreensaver</html:a></html:b>. For more information about
enforcing preferences in the GNOME environment using the GConf
configuration system, see <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://projects.gnome.org/gconf">http://projects.gnome.org/gconf</html:a></html:b> and
the man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gconftool-2(1)</html:code>.</description>
          <Value id="inactivity_timeout_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Inactivity timeout</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Choose allowed duration of inactive SSH connections, shells, and X sessions</description>
            <value>900</value>
            <value selector="5_minutes">300</value>
            <value selector="10_minutes">600</value>
            <value selector="15_minutes">900</value>
            <value selector="30_minutes">1800</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set GNOME Login Inactivity Timeout</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to set the idle time-out value for
inactivity in the GNOME desktop to <ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="inactivity_timeout_value"/> minutes:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">$ sudo gconftool-2 \
  --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type int \
  --set /desktop/gnome/session/idle_delay <ns0:sub idref="inactivity_timeout_value"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-11(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">57</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the idle delay controls when the
screensaver will start, and can be combined with
screen locking to prevent access from passersby.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26828-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000257</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
inactivity_timeout_value="<sub idref="inactivity_timeout_value"/>"

# Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Set the idle time-out value for inactivity in the GNOME desktop to meet the
# requirement
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type int \
            --set /desktop/gnome/session/idle_delay ${inactivity_timeout_value}
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-inactivity_timeout_value:var:1" value-id="inactivity_timeout_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_delay_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME Desktop Screensaver Mandatory Use</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to activate the screensaver
in the GNOME desktop after a period of inactivity:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-11(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">57</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Enabling idle activation of the screensaver ensures the screensaver will
be activated after the idle delay.  Applications requiring continuous,
real-time screen display (such as network management products) require the
login session does not have administrator rights and the display station is located in a
controlled-access area.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26600-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000258</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Set the screensaver activation in the GNOME desktop after a period of inactivity
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type bool \
            --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled true
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_idle_activation_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Screen Lock Activation After Idle Period</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to activate locking of the screensaver
in the GNOME desktop when it is activated:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_enabled true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-11(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">57</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Enabling the activation of the screen lock after an idle period
ensures password entry will be required in order to
access the system, preventing access by passersby.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26235-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000259</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Set the screensaver locking activation in the GNOME desktop when the
# screensaver is activated
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type bool \
            --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/lock_enabled true
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_lock_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Implement Blank Screensaver</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to set the screensaver mode
in the GNOME desktop to a blank screen:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type string \
  --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/mode blank-only</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-11(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">60</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the screensaver mode to blank-only conceals the
contents of the display from passersby.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26638-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000260</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Set the screensaver mode in the GNOME desktop to a blank screen
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type string \
            --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/mode blank-only
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_mode_blank_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_time" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set GNOME Login Maximum Allowed Inactivity</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to set the maximum allowed period of inactivity for an
inactive user in the GNOME desktop to <ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="inactivity_timeout_value"/> minutes:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">$ sudo gconftool-2 \
  --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type int \
  --set /desktop/gnome/session/max_idle_time <ns0:sub idref="inactivity_timeout_value"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of
opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session
and will also free up resources utilized by an idle session.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-inactivity_timeout_value:var:1" value-id="inactivity_timeout_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_time:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_time_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_action" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set GNOME Login Maximum Allowed Inactivity Action</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to set force logout an inactive user when the
maximum allowed inactivity period has expired:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type string \
  --set /desktop/gnome/session/max_idle_action "forced-logout"</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of
opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session
and will also free up resources utilized by an idle session.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-inactivity_timeout_value:var:1" value-id="inactivity_timeout_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_action:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_screensaver_max_idle_action_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="gnome_system_settings">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME System Settings</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
GNOME provides configuration and functionality to a graphical desktop environment
that changes grahical configurations or allow a user to perform
actions that users normally would not be able to do in non-graphical mode such as
remote access configuration, power policies, Geo-location, etc.
Configuring such settings in GNOME will prevent accidential graphical configuration
changes by users from taking place.
</description>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Ctrl-Alt-Del Reboot Key Sequence in GNOME</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">GNOME</html:code> will reboot the system if the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ctrl-Alt-Del</html:code>
key sequence is pressed.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To configure the system to ignore the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ctrl-Alt-Del</html:code> key sequence from the
Graphical User Interface (GUI) instead of rebooting the system, run the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type string \
  --set /apps/gnome_settings_daemon/keybindings/power ""</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <reference href="">TBD</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A locally logged-in user who presses Ctrl-Alt-Del, when at the console,
can reboot the system. If accidentally pressed, as could happen in
the case of mixed OS environment, this can create the risk of short-term
loss of availability of systems due to unintentional reboot.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_clock_temperature" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the GNOME Clock Temperature Feature</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to activate locking of the screensaver
in the GNOME desktop when it is activated:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/panel/applets/clock/prefs/show_temperature false</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling the temperature feature in the GNOME clock prevents the
system from connecting to the internet and diclosing the system
location when set by a user.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_clock_temperature:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_clock_temperature_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_clock_weather" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the GNOME Clock Weather Feature</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Run the following command to activate locking of the screensaver
in the GNOME desktop when it is activated:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/panel/applets/clock/prefs/show_weather false</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling the weather feature in the GNOME clock prevents the
system from connecting to the internet and diclosing the system
location when set by a user.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_clock_weather:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_clock_weather_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="gnome_network_settings">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME Network Settings</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
GNOME network settings that apply to the graphical interface.
</description>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_create" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable WIFI Network Connection Creation in GNOME</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"><html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">GNOME</html:code> allows users to create ad-hoc wireless connections through the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">NetworkManager</html:code> applet. Wireless connections should be disabled by
running the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/nm-applet/disable-wifi-create true</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Wireless network connections should not be allowed to be configured by general
users on a given system as it could open the system to backdoor attacks.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_create:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_create_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_disconnect" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable WIFI Network Disconnect Notification in GNOME</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">GNOME</html:code> disables WIFI notification when disconnecting from a
wireless network. This should be permanently set so that users do not connect to
a wireless network when the system finds one. While useful for mobile devices,
this setting should be disabled for all other systems. To configure the system
to disable the WIFI notication, run the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/nm-applet/disable-disconnected-notifications true</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Wireless network connections should not be allowed to be configured by general
users on a given system as it could open the system to backdoor attacks.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_disconnect:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_disconnect_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_notification" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable WIFI Network Connection Notification in GNOME</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">GNOME</html:code> disables WIFI notification when connecting to a wireless
network. This should be permanently set so that users do not connect to a wireless
network when the system finds one. While useful for mobile devices, this setting
should be disabled for all other systems. To configure the system to disable the
WIFI notication, run the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/nm-applet/disable-connected-notifications true</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Wireless network connections should not be allowed to be configured by general
users on a given system as it could open the system to backdoor attacks.
</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_notification:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_wifi_notification_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="gnome_remote_access_settings">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME Remote Access Settings</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
GNOME remote access settings that apply to the graphical interface.
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="gnome_media_settings">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">GNOME Media Settings</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
GNOME media settings that apply to the graphical interface.
</description>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_automount" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable GNOME Automounting</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system's default desktop environment, GNOME, will mount
devices and removable media (such as DVDs, CDs and USB flash drives) whenever
they are inserted into the system. Disable automount and autorun within GNOME
by running the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/nautilus/preferences/media_automount false
$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/nautilus/preferences/media_autorun_never true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disabling automatic mounting in GNOME can prevent
the introduction of malware via removable media.
It will, however, also prevent desktop users from legitimate use
of removable media.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27035-5</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_automount:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_automount_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable All GNOME Thumbnailers</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system's default desktop environment, GNOME, uses
a number of different thumbnailer programs to generate thumbnails
for any new or modified content in an opened folder. The following
command can disable the execution of these thumbnail applications:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /desktop/gnome/thumbnailers/disable_all true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents an attacker from gaining access to a
system through a flaw in GNOME's Nautilus thumbnail creators.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">An attacker with knowledge of a flaw in a GNOME3 thumbnailer application could craft a malicious
file to exploit this flaw. Assuming the attacker could place the malicious file on the local filesystem
(via a web upload for example) and assuming a user browses the same location using Nautilus, the
malicious file would exploit the thumbnailer with the potential for malicious code execution. It
is best to disable these thumbnailer applications unless they are explicitly required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27224-5</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gnome_disable_thumbnailers_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="permissions">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">File Permissions and Masks</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Unix security relies heavily on file and
directory permissions to prevent unauthorized users from reading or
modifying files to which they should not have access. 
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Several of the commands in this section search filesystems
for files or directories with certain characteristics, and are
intended to be run on every local partition on a given system.
When the variable <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PART</html:i> appears in one of the commands below,
it means that the command is intended to be run repeatedly, with the
name of each local partition substituted for <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PART</html:i> in turn.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The following command prints a list of all xfs partitions on the local
system, which is the default filesystem for Red Hat Enterprise Linux
7 installations:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ mount -t xfs | awk '{print $3}'</html:pre>
For any systems that use a different
local filesystem type, modify this command as appropriate.
</description>
      <Group id="partitions">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Partition Mount Options</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System partitions can be mounted with certain options
that limit what files on those partitions can do. These options
are set in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> configuration file, and can be
used to make certain types of malicious behavior more difficult.</description>
        <Value id="var_removable_partition" operator="equals" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Removable Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This value is used by the checks mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions, mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions,
and mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions to ensure that the correct mount options are set on partitions mounted from
removable media such as CD-ROMs, USB keys, and floppy drives. This value should be modified to reflect any removable
partitions that are required on the local system.</description>
          <value selector="dev_cdrom">/dev/cdrom</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nodev Option to Non-Root Local Partitions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> mount option prevents files from being
interpreted as character or block devices. 
Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory on the root partition or within chroot
jails built for system services.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any non-root local partitions.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> mount option prevents files from being
interpreted as character or block devices. The only legitimate location
for device files is the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory located on the root partition.
The only exception to this is chroot jails, for which it is not advised
to set <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> on these filesystems.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27045-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# NOTE: Run-time reconfiguration of partitions' mount options is not possible.
# After performing this remediation be sure to also subsequently reboot the
# system as soon as possible for the remediation to take the effect!

# Shortened ID for frequently used character class
SP="[:space:]"

# Load /etc/fstab's content with LABEL= and UUID= tags expanded to real
# device names into FSTAB_REAL_DEVICES array splitting items by newline
IFS=$'\n' FSTAB_REAL_DEVICES=($(findmnt --fstab --evaluate --noheadings))

for line in ${FSTAB_REAL_DEVICES[@]}
do
    # For each line:
    # * squeeze multiple space characters into one,
    # * split line content info four columns (target, source, fstype, and
    #   mount options) by space delimiter
    IFS=$' ' read TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE MOUNT_OPTIONS &lt;&lt;&lt; "$(echo $line | tr -s ' ')"

    # Filter the targets according to the following criteria:
    # * don't include record for root partition,
    # * include the target only if it has the form of '/word.*' (not to include
    #   special entries like e.g swap),
    # * include the target only if its source has the form of '/dev.*'
    #   (to process only local partitions)
    if [[ ! $TARGET =~ ^\/$ ]] 		&amp;&amp;	# Don't include root partition
       [[ $TARGET =~ ^\/[A-Za-z0-9_] ]] &amp;&amp;	# Include if target =~ '/word.*'
       [[ $SOURCE =~ ^\/dev ]]			# Include if source =~ '/dev.*'
    then

        # Check the mount options column if it doesn't contain 'nodev' keyword yet
        if ! grep -q "nodev" &lt;&lt;&lt; "$MOUNT_OPTIONS"
        then
            # Check if current mount options is empty string ('') meaning
            # particular /etc/fstab row contain just 'defaults' keyword
            if [[ ${#MOUNT_OPTIONS} == "0" ]]
            then
                # If so, add 'defaults' back and append 'nodev' keyword
                MOUNT_OPTIONS="defaults,nodev"
            else
                # Otherwise append just 'nodev' keyword
                MOUNT_OPTIONS="$MOUNT_OPTIONS,nodev"
            fi

            # Escape possible slash ('/') characters in target for use as sed
            # expression below
            TARGET_ESCAPED=${TARGET//$'/'/$'\/'}
            # This target doesn't contain 'nodev' in mount options yet (and meets
            # the above filtering criteria). Therefore obtain particular /etc/fstab's
            # row into FSTAB_TARGET_ROW variable separating the mount options field with
            # hash '#' character
            FSTAB_TARGET_ROW=$(sed -n "s/\(.*$TARGET_ESCAPED[$SP]\+$FSTYPE[$SP]\+\)\([^$SP]\+\)/\1#\2#/p" /etc/fstab)
            # Split the retrieved value by the hash '#' delimiter to get the
            # row's head &amp; tail (i.e. columns other than mount options) which won't
            # get modified
            IFS=$'#' read TARGET_HEAD TARGET_OPTS TARGET_TAIL &lt;&lt;&lt; "$FSTAB_TARGET_ROW"
            # Replace old mount options for particular /etc/fstab's row (for this target
            # and fstype) with new mount options
            sed -i "s#${TARGET_HEAD}\(.*\)${TARGET_TAIL}#${TARGET_HEAD}${MOUNT_OPTIONS}${TARGET_TAIL}#" /etc/fstab

        fi
    fi
done
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_nodev_nonroot_local_partitions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nodev Option to Removable Media Partitions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> mount option prevents files from being
interpreted as character or block devices.
Legitimate character and block devices should exist only in
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory on the root partition or within chroot
jails built for system services.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any removable media partitions.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The only legitimate location for device files is the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory
located on the root partition. An exception to this is chroot jails, and it is
not advised to set <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> on partitions which contain their root
filesystems.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26860-7</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_removable_partition:var:1" value-id="var_removable_partition"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_nodev_removable_partitions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add noexec Option to Removable Media Partitions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> mount option prevents the direct
execution of binaries on the mounted filesystem. 
Preventing the direct execution of binaries from removable media (such as a USB
key) provides a defense against malicious software that may be present on such
untrusted media.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any removable media partitions.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">87</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allowing users to execute binaries from removable media such as USB keys exposes
the system to potential compromise.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27196-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000271</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_removable_partition:var:1" value-id="var_removable_partition"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-mount_option_noexec_removable_partitions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nosuid Option to Removable Media Partitions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> mount option prevents set-user-identifier (SUID)
and set-group-identifier (SGID) permissions from taking effect. These permissions
allow users to execute binaries with the same permissions as the owner and group
of the file respectively. Users should not be allowed to introduce SUID and SGID
files into the system via partitions mounted from removeable media.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any removable media partitions.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The presence of SUID and SGID executables should be tightly controlled. Allowing
users to introduce SUID or SGID binaries from partitions mounted off of
removable media would allow them to introduce their own highly-privileged programs.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27056-1</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_removable_partition:var:1" value-id="var_removable_partition"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_nosuid_removable_partitions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_tmp_nodev" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nodev Option to /tmp</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent device files from
being created in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.
Legitimate character and block devices should not exist
within temporary directories like <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>. 

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The only legitimate location for device files is the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory
located on the root partition. The only exception to this is chroot jails.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26499-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="mount_option_tmp_nodev" complexity="low" disruption="high" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
part /tmp -mountoptions="nodev"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_tmp_nodev:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_tmp_noexec" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add noexec Option to /tmp</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries
from being executed out of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allowing users to execute binaries from world-writable directories
such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> should never be necessary in normal operation and
can expose the system to potential compromise.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26720-3</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_tmp_noexec:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_tmp_nosuid" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nosuid Option to /tmp</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent
execution of setuid programs in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>. The SUID and SGID permissions
should not be required in these world-writable directories.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The presence of SUID and SGID executables should be tightly controlled. Users
should not be able to execute SUID or SGID binaries from temporary storage partitions.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26762-5</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_tmp_nosuid:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nodev Option to /dev/shm</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent creation
of device files in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.
Legitimate character and block devices should not exist
within temporary directories like <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>. 

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The only legitimate location for device files is the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev</html:code> directory
located on the root partition. The only exception to this is chroot jails.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26778-1</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="mount_option_dev_shm_nodev" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Load /etc/fstab's /dev/shm row into DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable separating start &amp;
# end of the filesystem mount options (4-th field) with the '#' character
DEV_SHM_FSTAB=$(sed -n "s/\(.*[[:space:]]\+\/dev\/shm[[:space:]]\+tmpfs[[:space:]]\+\)\([^[:space:]]\+\)/\1#\2#/p" /etc/fstab)

#Rest of script can trash /etc/fstab if $DEV_SHM_FSTAB is empty, check before continuing.
echo $DEV_SHM_FSTAB | grep -q -P '/dev/shm'
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
	# Save the:
	# * 1-th, 2-nd, 3-rd fields into DEV_SHM_HEAD variable
	# * 4-th field into DEV_SHM_OPTS variable, and
	# * 5-th, and 6-th fields into DEV_SHM_TAIL variable
	# splitting DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable value based on the '#' separator
	IFS='#' read DEV_SHM_HEAD DEV_SHM_OPTS DEV_SHM_TAIL &lt;&lt;&lt; "$DEV_SHM_FSTAB"

	# Replace occurrence of 'defaults' key with the actual list of mount options
	# for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
	DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//defaults/rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,relatime}

	# 'dev' option (not prefixed with 'no') present in the list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -P '(?&lt;!no)dev'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'dev' option found, replace with 'nodev'
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//dev/nodev}
	fi

	# at least one 'nodev' present in the options list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -v 'nodev'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'nodev' not found yet, append it
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS="$DEV_SHM_OPTS,nodev"
	fi

	# DEV_SHM_OPTS now contains final list of mount options. Replace original form of /dev/shm row
	# in /etc/fstab with the corrected version
	sed -i "s#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}\(.*\)${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}${DEV_SHM_OPTS}${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#" /etc/fstab
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_dev_shm_nodev:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add noexec Option to /dev/shm</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent binaries
from being executed out of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.
It can be dangerous to allow the execution of binaries
from world-writable temporary storage directories such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">noexec</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allowing users to execute binaries from world-writable directories
such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code> can expose the system to potential compromise.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26622-1</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="mount_option_dev_shm_noexec" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Load /etc/fstab's /dev/shm row into DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable separating start &amp;
# end of the filesystem mount options (4-th field) with the '#' character
DEV_SHM_FSTAB=$(sed -n "s/\(.*[[:space:]]\+\/dev\/shm[[:space:]]\+tmpfs[[:space:]]\+\)\([^[:space:]]\+\)/\1#\2#/p" /etc/fstab)

#Rest of script can trash /etc/fstab if $DEV_SHM_FSTAB is empty, check before continuing.
echo $DEV_SHM_FSTAB | grep -q -P '/dev/shm'
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
	# Save the:
	# * 1-th, 2-nd, 3-rd fields into DEV_SHM_HEAD variable
	# * 4-th field into DEV_SHM_OPTS variable, and
	# * 5-th, and 6-th fields into DEV_SHM_TAIL variable
	# splitting DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable value based on the '#' separator
	IFS='#' read DEV_SHM_HEAD DEV_SHM_OPTS DEV_SHM_TAIL &lt;&lt;&lt; "$DEV_SHM_FSTAB"

	# Replace occurrence of 'defaults' key with the actual list of mount options
	# for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
	DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//defaults/rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,relatime}

	# 'exec' option (not prefixed with 'no') present in the list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -P '(?&lt;!no)exec'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'exec' option found, replace with 'noexec'
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//exec/noexec}
	fi

	# at least one 'noexec' present in the options list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -v 'noexec'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'noexec' not found yet, append it
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS="$DEV_SHM_OPTS,noexec"
	fi

	# DEV_SHM_OPTS now contains final list of mount options. Replace original form of /dev/shm row
	# in /etc/fstab with the corrected version
	sed -i "s#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}\(.*\)${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}${DEV_SHM_OPTS}${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#" /etc/fstab

fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_dev_shm_noexec:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add nosuid Option to /dev/shm</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> mount option can be used to prevent execution
of setuid programs in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.  The SUID and SGID permissions should not
be required in these world-writable directories.

	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/shm</html:code>.
	
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The presence of SUID and SGID executables should be tightly controlled. Users
should not be able to execute SUID or SGID binaries from temporary storage partitions.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26486-1</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Load /etc/fstab's /dev/shm row into DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable separating start &amp;
# end of the filesystem mount options (4-th field) with the '#' character
DEV_SHM_FSTAB=$(sed -n "s/\(.*[[:space:]]\+\/dev\/shm[[:space:]]\+tmpfs[[:space:]]\+\)\([^[:space:]]\+\)/\1#\2#/p" /etc/fstab)

#Rest of script can trash /etc/fstab if $DEV_SHM_FSTAB is empty, check before continuing.
echo $DEV_SHM_FSTAB | grep -q -P '/dev/shm'
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
	# Save the:
	# * 1-th, 2-nd, 3-rd fields into DEV_SHM_HEAD variable
	# * 4-th field into DEV_SHM_OPTS variable, and
	# * 5-th, and 6-th fields into DEV_SHM_TAIL variable
	# splitting DEV_SHM_FSTAB variable value based on the '#' separator
	IFS='#' read DEV_SHM_HEAD DEV_SHM_OPTS DEV_SHM_TAIL &lt;&lt;&lt; "$DEV_SHM_FSTAB"

	# Replace occurrence of 'defaults' key with the actual list of mount options
	# for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
	DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//defaults/rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,relatime}

	# 'suid' option (not prefixed with 'no') present in the list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -P '(?&lt;!no)suid'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'suid' option found, replace with 'nosuid'
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS=${DEV_SHM_OPTS//suid/nosuid}
	fi

	# at least one 'nosuid' present in the options list?
	echo $DEV_SHM_OPTS | grep -q -v 'nosuid'
	if [ $? -eq 0 ]
	then
	        # 'nosuid' not found yet, append it
	        DEV_SHM_OPTS="$DEV_SHM_OPTS,nosuid"
	fi

	# DEV_SHM_OPTS now contains final list of mount options. Replace original form of /dev/shm row
	# in /etc/fstab with the corrected version
	sed -i "s#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}\(.*\)${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#${DEV_SHM_HEAD}${DEV_SHM_OPTS}${DEV_SHM_TAIL}#" /etc/fstab
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Bind Mount /var/tmp To /tmp</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/tmp</html:code> directory is a world-writable directory.  
Bind-mount it to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> in order to consolidate temporary storage into
one location protected by the same techniques as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>.  To do so, edit
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> and add the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp     /var/tmp     none     rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,bind     0 0</html:pre>
See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mount(8)</html:code> man page for further explanation of bind mounting.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Having multiple locations for temporary storage is not required. Unless absolutely
necessary to meet requirements, the storage location <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/tmp</html:code> should be bind mounted to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code> and thus share the same protections.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26582-7</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="mount_option_var_tmp_bind" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"># Delete particular /etc/fstab's row if /var/tmp is already configured to
# represent a mount point (for some device or filesystem other than /tmp)
if grep -q -P '.*\/var\/tmp.*' /etc/fstab
then
  sed -i '/.*\/var\/tmp.*/d' /etc/fstab
fi

# Bind-mount /var/tmp to /tmp via /etc/fstab (preserving the /etc/fstab form)
printf "%-24s%-24s%-8s%-32s%-3s\n" "/tmp" "/var/tmp" "none" "rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,bind" "0 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/fstab
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_var_tmp_bind:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="mounting">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Dynamic Mounting and Unmounting of
Filesystems</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux includes a number of facilities for the automated addition
and removal of filesystems on a running system.  These facilities may be
necessary in many environments, but this capability also carries some risk -- whether direct
risk from allowing users to introduce arbitrary filesystems,
or risk that software flaws in the automated mount facility itself could
allow an attacker to compromise the system.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
This command can be used to list the types of filesystems that are
available to the currently executing kernel:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ find /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/fs -type f -name '*.ko'</html:pre>
If these filesystems are not required then they can be explicitly disabled
in a configuratio file in  <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>.
</description>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Modprobe Loading of USB Storage Driver</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To prevent USB storage devices from being used, configure the kernel module loading system
to prevent automatic loading of the USB storage driver. 

To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">usb-storage</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install usb-storage /bin/true</html:pre>
This will prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">modprobe</html:code> program from loading the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">usb-storage</html:code>
module, but will not prevent an administrator (or another program) from using the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">insmod</html:code> program to load the module manually.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1250</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">USB storage devices such as thumb drives can be used to introduce
malicious software.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27016-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000503</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install usb-storage /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/usb-storage.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'usb-storage' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - usb-storage
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="bootloader_nousb_argument" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Kernel Support for USB via Bootloader Configuration</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
All USB support can be disabled by adding the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nousb</html:code>
argument to the kernel's boot loader configuration. To do so, 
append "nousb" to the kernel line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code> as shown:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel /vmlinuz-<html:i>VERSION</html:i> ro vga=ext root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet nousb</html:pre>
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:b>WARNING:</html:b> Disabling all kernel support for USB will cause problems for
systems with USB-based keyboards, mice, or printers. This configuration is
infeasible for systems which require USB devices, which is common.</html:i></description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1250</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disabling the USB subsystem within the Linux kernel at system boot will
protect against potentially malicious USB devices, although it is only practical
in specialized systems.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27011-6</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-bootloader_nousb_argument:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="bios_disable_usb_boot" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Booting from USB Devices in Boot Firmware</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the system boot firmware (historically called BIOS on PC
systems) to disallow booting from USB drives. 
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1250</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Booting a system from a USB device would allow an attacker to
circumvent any security measures provided by the operating system. Attackers
could mount partitions and modify the configuration of the OS.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26923-3</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="bios_assign_password" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Assign Password to Prevent Changes to Boot Firmware Configuration</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Assign a password to the system boot firmware (historically called BIOS on PC 
systems) to require a password for any configuration changes.  
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Assigning a password to the system boot firmware prevents anyone
with physical access from configuring the system to boot
from local media and circumvent the operating system's access controls.
For systems in physically secure locations, such as
a data center or Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF), this risk must be weighed
against the risk of administrative personnel being unable to conduct recovery operations in
a timely fashion.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27131-2</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="service_autofs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the Automounter</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">autofs</html:code> daemon mounts and unmounts filesystems, such as user
home directories shared via NFS, on demand. In addition, autofs can be used to handle
removable media, and the default configuration provides the cdrom device as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/misc/cd</html:code>.
However, this method of providing access to removable media is not common, so autofs
can almost always be disabled if NFS is not in use. Even if NFS is required, it may be
possible to configure filesystem mounts statically by editing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code>
rather than relying on the automounter.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">autofs</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig autofs off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-19(e)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disabling the automounter permits the administrator to 
statically control filesystem mounting through <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code>. 
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26976-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000526</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_autofs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable autofs
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_autofs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service autofs
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - autofs

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_autofs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_autofs_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of cramfs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cramfs</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install cramfs /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26340-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install cramfs /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/cramfs.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_cramfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'cramfs' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - cramfs
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_cramfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of freevxfs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">freevxfs</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install freevxfs /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26544-7</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install freevxfs /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/freevxfs.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'freevxfs' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - freevxfs
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of jffs2</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">jffs2</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install jffs2 /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26670-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install jffs2 /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/jffs2.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_jffs2_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'jffs2' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - jffs2
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_jffs2_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of hfs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">hfs</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install hfs /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26800-3</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install hfs /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/hfs.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_hfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'hfs' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - hfs
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_hfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of hfsplus</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">hfsplus</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install hfsplus /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26361-6</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install hfsplus /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/hfsplus.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'hfsplus' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - hfsplus
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of squashfs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">squashfs</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install squashfs /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26404-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install squashfs /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/squashfs.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_squashfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'squashfs' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - squashfs
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_squashfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_udf_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Mounting of udf</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">udf</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install udf /bin/true</html:pre>
This effectively prevents usage of this uncommon filesystem.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux kernel modules which implement filesystems that are not needed by the
local system should be disabled.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26677-5</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_udf_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install udf /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/udf.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_udf_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'udf' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - udf
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_udf_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="files">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on Important Files and
Directories</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Permissions for many files on a system must be set
restrictively to ensure sensitive information is properly protected.
This section discusses important
permission restrictions which can be verified
to ensure that no harmful discrepancies have
arisen.</description>
        <Group id="permissions_important_account_files">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on Files with Local Account Information and Credentials</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default restrictive permissions for files which act as
important security databases such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">passwd</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">shadow</html:code>,
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">group</html:code>, and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">gshadow</html:code> files must be maintained.  Many utilities
need read access to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">passwd</html:code> file in order to function properly, but
read access to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">shadow</html:code> file allows malicious attacks against system
passwords, and should never be enabled.</description>
          <Rule id="userowner_shadow_file" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify User Who Owns shadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /etc/shadow </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> file contains the list of local
system accounts and stores password hashes. Protection of this file is
critical for system security. Failure to give ownership of this file
to root provides the designated owner with access to sensitive information
which could weaken the system security posture.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26947-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000033</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="userowner_shadow_file" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chown root /etc/shadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-userowner_shadow_file:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-userowner_shadow_file_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="groupowner_shadow_file" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Group Who Owns shadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the group owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chgrp root /etc/shadow </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> file stores password hashes. Protection of this file is
critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26967-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000034</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="groupowner_shadow_file" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chgrp root /etc/shadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-groupowner_shadow_file:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-groupowner_shadow_file_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_etc_shadow" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on shadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the permissions of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/shadow</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> file contains the list of local
system accounts and stores password hashes. Protection of this file is
critical for system security. Failure to give ownership of this file
to root provides the designated owner with access to sensitive information
which could weaken the system security posture.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26992-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000035</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_etc_shadow" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chmod 0000 /etc/shadow
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="file_permissions_etc_shadow" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">- name: Ensure permission 0000 on /etc/shadow
  file:
    path="{{item}}"
    mode=0000
  with_items:
    - /etc/shadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_etc_shadow:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_etc_shadow_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_owner_etc_group" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify User Who Owns group File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /etc/group </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code> file contains information regarding groups that are configured
on the system. Protection of this file is important for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26822-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000042</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_owner_etc_group" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chown root /etc/group
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_owner_etc_group:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_owner_etc_group_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_groupowner_etc_group" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Group Who Owns group File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the group owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chgrp root /etc/group </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code> file contains information regarding groups that are configured
on the system. Protection of this file is important for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26930-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000043</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_groupowner_etc_group" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chgrp root /etc/group
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_group:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_group_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_etc_group" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on group File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the permissions of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/group</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code> file contains information regarding groups that are configured
on the system. Protection of this file is important for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26954-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000044</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_etc_group" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chmod 644 /etc/group
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_etc_group:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_etc_group_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_owner_etc_gshadow" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify User Who Owns gshadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /etc/gshadow </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code> file contains group password hashes. Protection of this file
is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27026-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000036</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_owner_etc_gshadow" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chown root /etc/gshadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_owner_etc_gshadow:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_owner_etc_gshadow_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Group Who Owns gshadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the group owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chgrp root /etc/gshadow </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code> file contains group password hashes. Protection of this file
is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26975-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000037</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_groupowner_etc_gshadow" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chgrp root /etc/gshadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_gshadow:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_gshadow_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on gshadow File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the permissions of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chmod 0000 /etc/gshadow</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gshadow</html:code> file contains group password hashes. Protection of this file
is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26951-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000038</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_etc_gshadow" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chmod 0000 /etc/gshadow
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_etc_gshadow:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_etc_gshadow_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_owner_etc_passwd" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify User Who Owns passwd File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /etc/passwd </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> file contains information about the users that are configured on
the system. Protection of this file is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26953-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000039</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_owner_etc_passwd" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chown root /etc/passwd
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_owner_etc_passwd:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_owner_etc_passwd_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Group Who Owns passwd File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the group owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chgrp root /etc/passwd </html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> file contains information about the users that are configured on
the system. Protection of this file is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26856-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000040</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_groupowner_etc_passwd" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chgrp root /etc/passwd
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_passwd:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_groupowner_etc_passwd_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_etc_passwd" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Permissions on passwd File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To properly set the permissions of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chmod 0644 /etc/passwd</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> file is writable by a group-owner or the
world the risk of its compromise is increased. The file contains the list of
accounts on the system and associated information, and protection of this file
is critical for system security.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26868-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000041</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_etc_passwd" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">chmod 0644 /etc/passwd
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_etc_passwd:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_etc_passwd_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="permissions_within_important_dirs">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify File Permissions Within Some Important Directories</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Some directories contain files whose confidentiality or integrity
is notably important and may also be susceptible to misconfiguration over time, particularly if
unpackaged software is installed. As such,
an argument exists to verify that files' permissions within these directories remain
configured correctly and restrictively.   
</description>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_library_dirs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify that Shared Library Files Have Restrictive Permissions</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables
during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories
by default:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
</html:pre>
Kernel modules, which can be added to the kernel during runtime, are
stored in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/lib/modules</html:code>. All files in these directories
should not be group-writable or world-writable. If any file in these
directories is found to be group-writable or world-writable, correct
its permission with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod go-w <html:i>FILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1499</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Files from shared library directories are loaded into the address
space of processes (including privileged ones) or of the kernel itself at
runtime. Restrictive permissions are necessary to protect the integrity of the system.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27381-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000045</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_library_dirs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">DIRS="/lib /lib64 /usr/lib /usr/lib64"
for dirPath in $DIRS; do
	find $dirPath -perm /022 -type f -exec chmod go-w '{}' \;
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_library_dirs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_library_dirs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_ownership_library_dirs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify that Shared Library Files Have Root Ownership</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System-wide shared library files, which are linked to executables
during process load time or run time, are stored in the following directories
by default:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
</html:pre>
Kernel modules, which can be added to the kernel during runtime, are also
stored in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/lib/modules</html:code>. All files in these directories should be
owned by the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> user. If the directory, or any file in these
directories, is found to be owned by a user other than root correct its
ownership with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root <html:i>FILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1499</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Files from shared library directories are loaded into the address
space of processes (including privileged ones) or of the kernel itself at
runtime. Proper ownership is necessary to protect the integrity of the system.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27424-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000046</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_ownership_library_dirs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">for LIBDIR in /usr/lib /usr/lib64 /lib /lib64
do
  if [ -d $LIBDIR ]
  then
    find -L $LIBDIR \! -user root -exec chown root {} \; 
  fi
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_ownership_library_dirs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_ownership_library_dirs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_binary_dirs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify that System Executables Have Restrictive Permissions</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
System executables are stored in the following directories by default:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/bin
/sbin
/usr/bin
/usr/libexec
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/sbin</html:pre>
All files in these directories should not be group-writable or world-writable.
If any file <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">FILE</html:i> in these directories is found
to be group-writable or world-writable, correct its permission with the
following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod go-w <html:i>FILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1499</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System binaries are executed by privileged users, as well as system services,
and restrictive permissions are necessary to ensure execution of these programs
cannot be co-opted.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27289-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000047</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_binary_dirs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">DIRS="/bin /usr/bin /usr/local/bin /sbin /usr/sbin /usr/local/sbin /usr/libexec"
for dirPath in $DIRS; do
	find "$dirPath" -perm /022 -exec chmod go-w '{}' \;
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_binary_dirs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_binary_dirs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_ownership_binary_dirs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify that System Executables Have Root Ownership</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
System executables are stored in the following directories by default:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/bin
/sbin
/usr/bin
/usr/libexec
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/sbin</html:pre>
All files in these directories should be owned by the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> user.
If any file <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">FILE</html:i> in these directories is found
to be owned by a user other than root, correct its ownership with the
following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root <html:i>FILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1499</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System binaries are executed by privileged users as well as system services,
and restrictive permissions are necessary to ensure that their
execution of these programs cannot be co-opted.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27623-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000048</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_ownership_binary_dirs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">find /bin/ \
/usr/bin/ \
/usr/local/bin/ \
/sbin/ \
/usr/sbin/ \
/usr/local/sbin/ \
/usr/libexec \
\! -user root -execdir chown root {} \;
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_ownership_binary_dirs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_ownership_binary_dirs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify that All World-Writable Directories Have Sticky Bits Set</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">When the so-called 'sticky bit' is set on a directory,
only the owner of a given file may remove that file from the
directory. Without the sticky bit, any user with write access to a
directory may remove any file in the directory. Setting the sticky
bit prevents users from removing each other's files. In cases where
there is no reason for a directory to be world-writable, a better
solution is to remove that permission rather than to set the sticky
bit. However, if a directory is used by a particular application,
consult that application's documentation instead of blindly
changing modes.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To set the sticky bit on a world-writable directory <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DIR</html:i>, run the
following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod +t <html:i>DIR</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Failing to set the sticky bit on public directories allows unauthorized users to delete files in the directory structure.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The only authorized public directories are those temporary directories supplied with the system, 
or those designed to be temporary file repositories.  The setting is normally reserved for directories 
used by the system, by users for temporary file storage (such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/tmp</html:code>), and for directories 
requiring global read/write access.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26840-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000336</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure No World-Writable Files Exist</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">It is generally a good idea to remove global (other) write
access to a file when it is discovered. However, check with
documentation for specific applications before making changes.
Also, monitor for recurring world-writable files, as these may be
symptoms of a misconfigured application or user
account.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Data in world-writable files can be modified by any
user on the system. In almost all circumstances, files can be
configured using a combination of user and group permissions to
support whatever legitimate access is needed without the risk
caused by world-writable files.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26910-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000282</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_world_writable_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All SGID Executables Are Authorized</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SGID (set group id) bit should be set only on files that were
installed via authorized means. A straightforward means of identifying
unauthorized SGID files is determine if any were not installed as part of an
RPM package, which is cryptographically verified. Investigate the origin
of any unpackaged SGID files. 
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(1)</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Executable files with the SGID permission run with the privileges of
the owner of the file. SGID files of uncertain provenance could allow for
unprivileged users to elevate privileges. The presence of these files should be
strictly controlled on the system.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26769-0</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_sgid_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_unauthorized_suid" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All SUID Executables Are Authorized</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SUID (set user id) bit should be set only on files that were
installed via authorized means. A straightforward means of identifying
unauthorized SGID files is determine if any were not installed as part of an
RPM package, which is cryptographically verified. Investigate the origin
of any unpackaged SUID files. 
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(1)</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Executable files with the SUID permission run with the privileges of
the owner of the file. SUID files of uncertain provenance could allow for
unprivileged users to elevate privileges. The presence of these files should be
strictly controlled on the system.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26497-8</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_suid:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_unauthorized_suid_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="no_files_unowned_by_user" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All Files Are Owned by a User</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If any files are not owned by a user, then the
cause of their lack of ownership should be investigated.
Following this, the files should be deleted or assigned to an
appropriate user.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">224</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Unowned files do not directly imply a security problem, but they are generally
a sign that something is amiss. They may
be caused by an intruder, by incorrect software installation or
draft software removal, or by failure to remove all files belonging
to a deleted account. The files should be repaired so they
will not cause problems when accounts are created in the future,
and the cause should be discovered and addressed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27032-2</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_files_unowned_by_user:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_files_unowned_by_user_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_ungroupowned" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All Files Are Owned by a Group</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If any files are not owned by a group, then the
cause of their lack of group-ownership should be investigated.
Following this, the files should be deleted or assigned to an
appropriate group.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">224</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Unowned files do not directly imply a security problem, but they are generally
a sign that something is amiss. They may
be caused by an intruder, by incorrect software installation or
draft software removal, or by failure to remove all files belonging
to a deleted account. The files should be repaired so they
will not cause problems when accounts are created in the future,
and the cause should be discovered and addressed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26872-2</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_ungroupowned:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_ungroupowned_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All World-Writable Directories Are Owned by a System Account</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">All directories in local partitions which are
world-writable should be owned by root or another
system account.  If any world-writable directories are not
owned by a system account, this should be investigated.
Following this, the files should be deleted or assigned to an
appropriate group.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Allowing a user account to own a world-writable directory is
undesirable because it allows the owner of that directory to remove
or replace any files that may be placed in the directory by other
users.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26642-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000337</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-dir_perms_world_writable_system_owned_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="restrictions">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Programs from Dangerous Execution Patterns</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The recommendations in this section are designed to
ensure that the system's features to protect against potentially
dangerous program execution are activated.
These protections are applied at the system initialization or
kernel level, and defend against certain types of badly-configured
or compromised programs.</description>
        <Group id="daemon_umask">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Daemon Umask</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask is a per-process setting which limits
the default permissions for creation of new files and directories.
The system includes initialization scripts which set the default umask
for system daemons.
</description>
          <Value id="var_umask_for_daemons" operator="equals" type="string">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">daemon umask</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enter umask for daemons</description>
            <value>022</value>
            <value selector="022">022</value>
            <value selector="027">027</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="umask_for_daemons" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Daemon Umask</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/init.d/functions</html:code> includes initialization
parameters for most or all daemons started at boot time.  The default umask of
022 prevents creation of group- or world-writable files.  To set the default
umask for daemons, edit the following line, inserting 022 or 027 for
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:i> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">umask <html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_umask_for_daemons"/></html:i></html:pre>
Setting the umask to too restrictive a setting can cause serious errors at
runtime.  Many daemons on the system already individually restrict themselves to
a umask of 077 in their own init scripts.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask influences the permissions assigned to files created by a
process at run time.  An unnecessarily permissive umask could result in files
being created with insecure permissions.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27031-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000346</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="umask_for_daemons" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_umask_for_daemons="<sub idref="var_umask_for_daemons"/>"

grep -q ^umask /etc/init.d/functions &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/umask.*/umask $var_umask_for_daemons/g" /etc/init.d/functions
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "umask $var_umask_for_daemons" &gt;&gt; /etc/init.d/functions
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_umask_for_daemons:var:1" value-id="var_umask_for_daemons"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-umask_for_daemons:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-umask_for_daemons_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="coredumps">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Core Dumps</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A core dump file is the memory image of an executable
program when it was terminated by the operating system due to
errant behavior. In most cases, only software developers
legitimately need to access these files. The core dump files may
also contain sensitive information, or unnecessarily occupy large
amounts of disk space.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Once a hard limit is set in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/security/limits.conf</html:code>, a
user cannot increase that limit within his or her own session. If access
to core dumps is required, consider restricting them to only
certain users or groups. See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">limits.conf</html:code> man page for more
information.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The core dumps of setuid programs are further protected. The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysctl</html:code> variable <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">fs.suid_dumpable</html:code> controls whether
the kernel allows core dumps from these programs at all. The default
value of 0 is recommended.</description>
          <Rule id="disable_users_coredumps" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Core Dumps for All Users</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To disable core dumps for all users, add the following line to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/security/limits.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">*     hard   core    0</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A core dump includes a memory image taken at the time the operating system
terminates an application. The memory image could contain sensitive data and is generally useful
only for developers trying to debug problems.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27033-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000308</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="disable_users_coredumps" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">echo "*     hard   core    0" &gt;&gt; /etc/security/limits.conf
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-disable_users_coredumps:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-disable_users_coredumps_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Core Dumps for SUID programs</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">fs.suid_dumpable</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w fs.suid_dumpable=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">fs.suid_dumpable = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-11</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The core dump of a setuid program is more likely to contain
sensitive data, as the program itself runs with greater privileges than the
user who initiated execution of the program.  Disabling the ability for any
setuid program to write a core file decreases the risk of unauthorized access
of such data.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27044-7</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for fs.suid_dumpable
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w fs.suid_dumpable=0

#
# If fs.suid_dumpable present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "0"
#	else, add "fs.suid_dumpable = 0" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^fs.suid_dumpable /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^fs.suid_dumpable.*/fs.suid_dumpable = 0/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set fs.suid_dumpable to 0 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "fs.suid_dumpable = 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_fs_suid_dumpable_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="enable_execshield_settings">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable ExecShield</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">ExecShield describes kernel features that provide
protection against exploitation of memory corruption errors such as buffer
overflows. These features include random placement of the stack and other
memory regions, prevention of execution in memory that should only hold data,
and special handling of text buffers. These protections are enabled by default and
controlled through <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysctl</html:code> variables <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel.exec-shield</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel.randomize_va_space</html:code>.
</description>
          <Rule id="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable ExecShield</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel.exec-shield</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.exec-shield=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">kernel.exec-shield = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-39</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">2530</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">ExecShield uses the segmentation feature on all x86 systems
to prevent execution in memory higher than a certain address. It
writes an address as a limit in the code segment descriptor, to
control where code can be executed, on a per-process basis. When
the kernel places a process's memory regions such as the stack and
heap higher than this address, the hardware prevents execution in that
address range.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27007-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000079</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_kernel_exec_shield" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for kernel.exec-shield
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w kernel.exec-shield=1

#
# If kernel.exec-shield present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "1"
#	else, add "kernel.exec-shield = 1" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^kernel.exec-shield /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^kernel.exec-shield.*/kernel.exec-shield = 1/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set kernel.exec-shield to 1 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "kernel.exec-shield = 1" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_kernel_exec_shield:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_kernel_exec_shield_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Randomized Layout of Virtual Address Space</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel.randomize_va_space</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">kernel.randomize_va_space = 2</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-30(2)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Address space layout randomization (ASLR) makes it more difficult
for an attacker to predict the location of attack code they have introduced
into a process's address space during an attempt at exploitation.  Additionally, ASLR 
makes it more difficult for an attacker to know the location of existing code
in order to re-purpose it using return oriented programming (ROP) techniques.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26999-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000078</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for kernel.randomize_va_space
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2

#
# If kernel.randomize_va_space present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "2"
#	else, add "kernel.randomize_va_space = 2" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^kernel.randomize_va_space /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^kernel.randomize_va_space.*/kernel.randomize_va_space = 2/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set kernel.randomize_va_space to 2 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "kernel.randomize_va_space = 2" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="enable_nx">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Execute Disable (XD) or No Execute (NX) Support on
x86 Systems</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Recent processors in the x86 family support the
ability to prevent code execution on a per memory page basis.
Generically and on AMD processors, this ability is called No
Execute (NX), while on Intel processors it is called Execute
Disable (XD). This ability can help prevent exploitation of buffer
overflow vulnerabilities and should be activated whenever possible.
Extra steps must be taken to ensure that this protection is
enabled, particularly on 32-bit x86 systems. Other processors, such
as Itanium and POWER, have included such support since inception
and the standard kernel for those platforms supports the
feature.</description>
          <Rule id="install_PAE_kernel_on_x86-32" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install PAE Kernel on Supported 32-bit x86 Systems</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Systems that are using the 64-bit x86 kernel package
do not need to install the kernel-PAE package because the 64-bit
x86 kernel already includes this support. However, if the system is
32-bit and also supports the PAE and NX features as
determined in the previous section, the kernel-PAE package should
be installed to enable XD or NX support:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install kernel-PAE</html:pre>
The installation process should also have configured the
bootloader to load the new kernel at boot. Verify this at reboot
and modify <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code> if necessary.</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="hardware">The kernel-PAE package should not be
installed on older systems that do not support the XD or NX bit, as
this may prevent them from booting.</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">On 32-bit systems that support the XD or NX bit, the vendor-supplied
PAE kernel is required to enable either Execute Disable (XD) or No Execute (NX) support.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27010-8</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="bios_enable_execution_restrictions" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable NX or XD Support in the BIOS</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Reboot the system and enter the BIOS or Setup configuration menu.
Navigate the BIOS configuration menu and make sure that the option is enabled. The setting may be located
under a Security section. Look for Execute Disable (XD) on Intel-based systems and No Execute (NX)
on AMD-based systems.</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Computers with the ability to prevent this type of code execution frequently put an option in the BIOS that will
allow users to turn the feature on or off at will.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27163-5</ident>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="sysctl_kernel_dmesg_restrict" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Access to Kernel Message Buffer</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel.dmesg_restrict</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w kernel.dmesg_restrict=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">kernel.dmesg_restrict = 1</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unprivileged access to the kernel syslog can expose sensitive kernel 
address information.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27366-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_kernel_dmesg_restrict" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for kernel.dmesg_restrict
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w kernel.dmesg_restrict=1

#
# If kernel.dmesg_restrict present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "1"
#	else, add "kernel.dmesg_restrict = 1" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^kernel.dmesg_restrict /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^kernel.dmesg_restrict.*/kernel.dmesg_restrict = 1/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set kernel.dmesg_restrict to 1 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "kernel.dmesg_restrict = 1" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_kernel_dmesg_restrict:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_kernel_dmesg_restrict_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="selinux">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SELinux</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SELinux is a feature of the Linux kernel which can be
used to guard against misconfigured or compromised programs.
SELinux enforces the idea that programs should be limited in what
files they can access and what actions they can take.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The default SELinux policy, as configured on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, has been
sufficiently developed and debugged that it should be usable on
almost any Red Hat machine with minimal configuration and a small
amount of system administrator training. This policy prevents
system services - including most of the common network-visible
services such as mail servers, FTP servers, and DNS servers - from
accessing files which those services have no valid reason to
access. This action alone prevents a huge amount of possible damage
from network attacks against services, from trojaned software, and
so forth.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
This guide recommends that SELinux be enabled using the
default (targeted) policy on every Red Hat system, unless that
system has unusual requirements which make a stronger policy
appropriate.
</description>
      <Value id="var_selinux_state" operator="equals" type="string">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SELinux state</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.</description>
        <value>enforcing</value>
        <value selector="enforcing">enforcing</value>
        <value selector="permissive">permissive</value>
        <value selector="disabled">disabled</value>
      </Value>
      <Value id="var_selinux_policy_name" operator="equals" type="string">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SELinux policy</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Type of policy in use. Possible values are:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>strict - Full SELinux protection.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>mls - Multiple levels of security</description>
        <value>targeted</value>
        <value selector="targeted">targeted</value>
        <value selector="mls">mls</value>
      </Value>
      <Rule id="enable_selinux_bootloader" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure SELinux Not Disabled in /etc/grub.conf</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SELinux can be disabled at boot time by an argument in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>.
Remove any instances of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">selinux=0</html:code> from the kernel arguments in that
file to prevent SELinux from being disabled at boot.
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(3)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">22</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling a major host protection feature, such as SELinux, at boot time prevents
it from confining system services at boot time.  Further, it increases
the chances that it will remain off during system operation.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26956-3</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000017</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="enable_selinux_bootloader" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/selinux=0//gI" /etc/grub.conf
sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/enforcing=0//gI" /etc/grub.conf
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-enable_selinux_bootloader:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-enable_selinux_bootloader_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="selinux_state" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure SELinux State is Enforcing</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SELinux state should be set to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><ns0:sub idref="var_selinux_state"/></html:code> at
system boot time.  In the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/selinux/config</html:code>, add or correct the
following line to configure the system to boot into enforcing mode:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">SELINUX=<ns0:sub idref="var_selinux_state"/></html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(3)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">22</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">26</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the SELinux state to enforcing ensures SELinux is able to confine
potentially compromised processes to the security policy, which is designed to
prevent them from causing damage to the system or further elevating their
privileges.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26969-6</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000020</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="selinux_state" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_selinux_state="<sub idref="var_selinux_state"/>"
<sub idref="function_replace_or_append"/>
replace_or_append '/etc/sysconfig/selinux' '^SELINUX=' $var_selinux_state 'CCE-26969-6' '%s=%s'
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_selinux_state:var:1" value-id="var_selinux_state"/>
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-selinux_state:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-selinux_state_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="selinux_policytype" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SELinux Policy</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SELinux <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">targeted</html:code> policy is appropriate for
general-purpose desktops and servers, as well as systems in many other roles.
To configure the system to use this policy, add or correct the following line
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/selinux/config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">SELINUXTYPE=<ns0:sub idref="var_selinux_policy_name"/></html:pre>
Other policies, such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mls</html:code>, provide additional security labeling
and greater confinement but are not compatible with many general-purpose
use cases.
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(3)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">22</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the SELinux policy to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">targeted</html:code> or a more specialized policy
ensures the system will confine processes that are likely to be
targeted for exploitation, such as network or system services.

Note: During the development or debugging of SELinux modules, it is common to 
temporarily place non-production systems in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">permissive</html:code> mode. In such 
temporary cases, SELinux policies should be developed, and once work
is completed, the system should be reconfigured to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><ns0:sub idref="var_selinux_policy_name"/></html:code>.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26875-5</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000023</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="selinux_policytype" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_selinux_policy_name="<sub idref="var_selinux_policy_name"/>"
<sub idref="function_replace_or_append"/>
replace_or_append '/etc/sysconfig/selinux' '^SELINUXTYPE=' $var_selinux_policy_name 'CCE-26875-5' '%s=%s'
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_selinux_policy_name:var:1" value-id="var_selinux_policy_name"/>
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-selinux_policytype:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-selinux_policytype_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_restorecond_enabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable the SELinux Context Restoration Service (restorecond)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">restorecond</html:code> service utilizes <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">inotify</html:code> to look
for the creation of new files listed in the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/selinux/restorecond.conf</html:code> configuration file. When a file is
created, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">restorecond</html:code> ensures the file receives the proper SELinux
security context.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">restorecond</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 restorecond on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(3)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">restorecond</html:code> service helps ensure that the default SELinux
file context is applied to files. This allows automatic correction
of file contexts created by some programs.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26991-0</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_restorecond_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable restorecond
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_restorecond_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service restorecond
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - restorecond

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_restorecond_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="package_setroubleshoot_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall setroubleshoot Package</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SETroubleshoot service notifies desktop users of SELinux
denials. The service provides information around configuration errors,
unauthorized intrusions, and other potential errors.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">setroubleshoot</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase setroubleshoot</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SETroubleshoot service is an unnecessary daemon to
have running on a server</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27421-7</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_setroubleshoot_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="package_mcstrans_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall mcstrans Package</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mcstransd</html:code> daemon provides category label information
to client processes requesting information. The label translations are defined
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/selinux/targeted/setrans.conf</html:code>.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mcstrans</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase mcstrans</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Since this service is not used very often, disable it to reduce the
amount of potentially vulnerable code running on the system.

NOTE: This rule was added in support of the CIS RHEL6 v1.2.0 benchmark. Please
note that Red Hat does not feel this rule is security relevant.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27404-3</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_mcstrans_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="selinux_confinement_of_daemons" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure No Daemons are Unconfined by SELinux</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Daemons for which the SELinux policy does not contain rules will inherit the
context of the parent process. Because daemons are launched during
startup and descend from the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">init</html:code> process, they inherit the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">initrc_t</html:code> context.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To check for unconfined daemons, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo ps -eZ | egrep "initrc" | egrep -vw "tr|ps|egrep|bash|awk" | tr ':' ' ' | awk '{ print $NF }'</html:pre>
It should produce no output in a well-configured system.
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Daemons which run with the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">initrc_t</html:code> context may cause AVC denials,
or allow privileges that the daemon does not require.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27111-4</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-selinux_confinement_of_daemons:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure No Device Files are Unknown to SELinux</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Device files, which are used for communication with important
system resources, should be labeled with proper SELinux types. If any device
files carry the SELinux type <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">device_t</html:code>, report the bug so that policy can be corrected. Supply information about what the device is and what programs use it.
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">22</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If a device file carries the SELinux type <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">device_t</html:code>, then SELinux
cannot properly restrict access to the device file.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26774-0</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000025</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-selinux_all_devicefiles_labeled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="accounts">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Account and Access Control</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In traditional Unix security, if an attacker gains
shell access to a certain login account, they can perform any action
or access any file to which that account has access. Therefore,
making it more difficult for unauthorized people to gain shell
access to accounts, particularly to privileged accounts, is a
necessary part of securing a system. This section introduces
mechanisms for restricting access to accounts under
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.</description>
      <Group id="accounts-restrictions">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Protect Accounts by Restricting Password-Based Login</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Conventionally, Unix shell accounts are accessed by
providing a username and password to a login program, which tests
these values for correctness using the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> files. Password-based login is vulnerable to
guessing of weak passwords, and to sniffing and man-in-the-middle
attacks against passwords entered over a network or at an insecure
console. Therefore, mechanisms for accessing accounts by entering
usernames and passwords should be restricted to those which are
operationally necessary.</description>
        <Group id="root_logins">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Root Logins</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Direct root logins should be allowed only for emergency use.
In normal situations, the administrator should access the system
via a unique unprivileged account, and then use <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">su</html:code> or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sudo</html:code> to execute
privileged commands. Discouraging administrators from accessing the
root account directly ensures an audit trail in organizations with
multiple administrators. Locking down the channels through which
root can connect directly also reduces opportunities for
password-guessing against the root account. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">login</html:code> program
uses the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/securetty</html:code> to determine which interfaces
should allow root logins.

The virtual devices <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/console</html:code>
and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/tty*</html:code> represent the system consoles (accessible via
the Ctrl-Alt-F1 through Ctrl-Alt-F6 keyboard sequences on a default
installation). The default securetty file also contains <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/dev/vc/*</html:code>.
These are likely to be deprecated in most environments, but may be retained
for compatibility. Root should also be prohibited from connecting
via network protocols. Other sections of this document
include guidance describing how to prevent root from logging in via SSH.
</description>
          <Rule id="no_direct_root_logins" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Direct root Logins Not Allowed</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To further limit access to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> account, administrators
can disable root logins at the console by editing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/securetty</html:code> file.
This file lists all devices the root user is allowed to login to. If the file does
not exist at all, the root user can login through any communication device on the
system, whether via the console or via a raw network interface. This is dangerous
as user can login to his machine as root via Telnet, which sends the password in
plain text over the network. By default, Red Hat Enteprise Linux's
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/securetty</html:code> file only allows the root user to login at the console
physically attached to the machine. To prevent root from logging in, remove the
contents of this file. To prevent direct root logins, remove the contents of this
file by typing the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
$ sudo echo &gt; /etc/securetty
</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-2(1)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling direct root logins ensures proper accountability and multifactor
authentication to privileged accounts. Users will first login, then escalate
to privileged (root) access via su / sudo. This is required for FISMA Low
and FISMA Moderate systems.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26891-2</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="no_direct_root_logins" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">echo &gt; /etc/securetty
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_direct_root_logins:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_direct_root_logins_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="securetty_root_login_console_only" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Virtual Console Root Logins</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To restrict root logins through the (deprecated) virtual console devices,
ensure lines of this form do not appear in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/securetty</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vc/1
vc/2
vc/3
vc/4</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">770</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Preventing direct root login to virtual console devices
helps ensure accountability for actions taken on the system
using the root account.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26855-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000027</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="securetty_root_login_console_only" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i '/^vc\//d' /etc/securetty
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-securetty_root_login_console_only:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-securetty_root_login_console_only_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="restrict_serial_port_logins" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Serial Port Root Logins</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To restrict root logins on serial ports,
ensure lines of this form do not appear in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/securetty</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ttyS0
ttyS1</html:pre>

</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">770</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Preventing direct root login to serial port interfaces
helps ensure accountability for actions taken on the systems
using the root account.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27047-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000028</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="restrict_serial_port_logins" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i '/ttyS/d' /etc/securetty
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-restrict_serial_port_logins:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-restrict_serial_port_logins_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="no_root_webbrowsing" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Web Browser Use for Administrative Accounts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Enforce policy requiring administrative accounts use web browsers only for
local service administration.
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If a browser vulnerability is exploited while running with administrative privileges,
the entire system could be compromised. Specific exceptions for local service
administration should be documented in site-defined policy.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26795-5</ident>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_root_webbrowsing_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that System Accounts Do Not Run a Shell Upon Login</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Some accounts are not associated with a human user of the system, and exist to
perform some administrative function. Should an attacker be able to log into
these accounts, they should not be granted access to a shell.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The login shell for each local account is stored in the last field of each line
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>. System accounts are those user accounts with a user ID
less than UID_MIN, where value of the UID_MIN directive is set in
/etc/login.defs configuration file. In the default configuration UID_MIN is set
to 500, thus system accounts are those user accounts with a user ID less than
500. The user ID is stored in the third field. If any system account
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SYSACCT</html:i> (other than root) has a login shell, disable it with the
command: <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo usermod -s /sbin/nologin <html:i>SYSACCT</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="functionality">
Do not perform the steps in this section on the root account. Doing so might
cause the system to become inaccessible.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">178</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensuring shells are not given to system accounts upon login makes it more
difficult for attackers to make use of system accounts.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26966-2</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_shelllogin_for_systemaccounts_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Only Root Has UID 0</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If any account other than root has a UID of 0,
this misconfiguration should be investigated and the
accounts other than root should be removed or have their UID changed.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-2(1)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An account has root authority if it has a UID of 0. Multiple accounts
with a UID of 0 afford more opportunity for potential intruders to
guess a password for a privileged account. Proper configuration of
sudo is recommended to afford multiple system administrators
access to root privileges in an accountable manner.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26971-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000032</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_no_uid_except_zero" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">awk -F: '$3 == 0 &amp;&amp; $1 != "root" { print $1 }' /etc/passwd | xargs passwd -l
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_no_uid_except_zero:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_no_uid_except_zero_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="root_path_default" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Root Path Must Be Vendor Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Assuming root shell is bash, edit the following files:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">~/.profile</html:pre>
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">~/.bashrc</html:pre>
Change any <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PATH</html:code> variables to the vendor default for root and remove any
empty <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PATH</html:code> entries or references to relative paths.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The root account's executable search path must be the vendor default, and must
contain only absolute paths.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27125-4</ident>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-root_path_default_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="password_storage">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify Proper Storage and Existence of Password
Hashes</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, password hashes for local accounts are stored
in the second field (colon-separated) in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code>. This file should be readable only by
processes running with root credentials, preventing users from
casually accessing others' password hashes and attempting
to crack them.
However, it remains possible to misconfigure the system
and store password hashes
in world-readable files such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>, or
to even store passwords themselves in plaintext on the system.
Using system-provided tools for password change/creation
should allow administrators to avoid such misconfiguration.
</description>
          <Rule id="no_empty_passwords" selected="false" severity="high">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Prevent Log In to Accounts With Empty Password</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If an account is configured for password authentication
but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log
onto the account without authentication. Remove any instances of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nullok</html:code>
option in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> to
prevent logins with empty passwords.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If an account has an empty password, anyone could log in and
run commands with the privileges of that account. Accounts with
empty passwords should never be used in operational
environments.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27038-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000030</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="no_empty_passwords" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed --follow-symlinks -i 's/\&lt;nullok\&gt;//g' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_empty_passwords:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_empty_passwords_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_password_all_shadowed" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify All Account Password Hashes are Shadowed</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If any password hashes are stored in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> (in the second field,
instead of an <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">x</html:code>), the cause of this misconfiguration should be
investigated.  The account should have its password reset and the hash should be
properly stored, or the account should be deleted entirely.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(h)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">201</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The hashes for all user account passwords should be stored in
the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> and never in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code>,
which is readable by all users.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26476-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000031</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_all_shadowed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_all_shadowed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gid_passwd_group_same" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">All GIDs referenced in /etc/passwd must be defined in /etc/group</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Add a group to the system for each GID referenced without a corresponding group.
</description>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Inconsistency in GIDs between <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/passwd</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/group</html:code> could lead to a user having unintended rights.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27379-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000294</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gid_passwd_group_same:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gid_passwd_group_same_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="no_netrc_files" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify No netrc Files Exist</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.netrc</html:code> files contain login information
used to auto-login into FTP servers and reside in the user's home
directory. These files may contain unencrypted passwords to
remote FTP servers making them susceptible to access by unauthorized
users and should not be used.  Any <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.netrc</html:code> files should be removed.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(h)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">196</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Unencrypted passwords for remote FTP servers may be stored in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.netrc</html:code>
files. DoD policy requires passwords be encrypted in storage and not used
in access scripts.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27225-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000347</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_netrc_files:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_netrc_files_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="password_expiration">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Expiration Parameters</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> controls several
password-related settings. Programs such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">passwd</html:code>,
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">su</html:code>, and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">login</html:code> consult <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> to determine
behavior with regard to password aging, expiration warnings,
and length. See the man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">login.defs(5)</html:code> for more information.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Users should be forced to change their passwords, in order to
decrease the utility of compromised passwords. However, the need to
change passwords often should be balanced against the risk that
users will reuse or write down passwords if forced to change them
too often. Forcing password changes every 90-360 days, depending on
the environment, is recommended. Set the appropriate value as
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PASS_MAX_DAYS</html:code> and apply it to existing accounts with the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-M</html:code> flag.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PASS_MIN_DAYS</html:code> (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-m</html:code>) setting prevents password
changes for 7 days after the first change, to discourage password
cycling. If you use this setting, train users to contact an administrator
for an emergency password change in case a new password becomes
compromised. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PASS_WARN_AGE</html:code> (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-W</html:code>) setting gives
users 7 days of warnings at login time that their passwords are about to expire.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For example, for each existing human user <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">USER</html:i>, expiration parameters
could be adjusted to a 180 day maximum password age, 7 day minimum password
age, and 7 day warning period with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chage -M 180 -m 7 -W 7 USER</html:pre>
</description>
          <Value id="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">minimum password length</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of characters in password</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This will only check new passwords</warning>
            <value>14</value>
            <value selector="6">6</value>
            <value selector="8">8</value>
            <value selector="10">10</value>
            <value selector="12">12</value>
            <value selector="14">14</value>
            <value selector="15">15</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">maximum password age</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum age of password in days</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This will only apply to newly created accounts</warning>
            <value>60</value>
            <value selector="60">60</value>
            <value selector="90">90</value>
            <value selector="120">120</value>
            <value selector="180">180</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">minimum password age</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum age of password in days</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This will only apply to newly created accounts</warning>
            <value>7</value>
            <value selector="7">7</value>
            <value selector="5">5</value>
            <value selector="1">1</value>
            <value selector="2">2</value>
            <value selector="0">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">warning days before password expires</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The number of days' warning given before a password expires.</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This will only apply to newly created accounts</warning>
            <value>7</value>
            <value selector="0">0</value>
            <value selector="7">7</value>
            <value selector="14">14</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Minimum Length in login.defs</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify password length requirements for new accounts,
edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> and add or correct the following
lines:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">PASS_MIN_LEN <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs"/></html:pre>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
As of the DISA Red Hat 6 STIG - Ver 1, Rel 13 (28-OCT-2016), the DoD requirement is now <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">15</html:code>.
The FISMA requirement is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">12</html:code>.
If a program consults <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> and also another PAM module
(such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib</html:code>) during a password change operation,
then the most restrictive must be satisfied. See PAM section
for more information about enforcing password quality requirements.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(f)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">205</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum password length makes password
cracking attacks more difficult by ensuring a larger
search space. However, any security benefit from an onerous requirement
must be carefully weighed against usability problems, support costs, or counterproductive
behavior that may result.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27002-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000050</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs="<sub idref="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs"/>"

grep -q ^PASS_MIN_LEN /etc/login.defs &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PASS_MIN_LEN.*/PASS_MIN_LEN     $var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs/g" /etc/login.defs
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PASS_MIN_LEN      $var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_password_minlen_login_defs"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_minlen_login_defs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_minlen_login_defs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Minimum Age</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify password minimum age for new accounts,
edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code>
and add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">PASS_MIN_DAYS <html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs"/></html:i></html:pre>
A value of 1 day is considered for sufficient for many
environments.
The DoD requirement is 1. 
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(f)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">198</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the minimum password age protects against
users cycling back to a favorite password
after satisfying the password reuse requirement.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27013-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000051</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs="<sub idref="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs"/>"

grep -q ^PASS_MIN_DAYS /etc/login.defs &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PASS_MIN_DAYS.*/PASS_MIN_DAYS     $var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs/g" /etc/login.defs
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PASS_MIN_DAYS      $var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_minimum_age_login_defs"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_minimum_age_login_defs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_minimum_age_login_defs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Maximum Age</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify password maximum age for new accounts,
edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code>
and add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">PASS_MAX_DAYS <html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs"/></html:i></html:pre>
A value of 180 days is sufficient for many environments. 
The DoD requirement is 60.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(f)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(g)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">180</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">199</reference>
            <reference href="">76</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the password maximum age ensures users are required to
periodically change their passwords. This could possibly decrease
the utility of a stolen password. Requiring shorter password lifetimes
increases the risk of users writing down the password in a convenient
location subject to physical compromise.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26985-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000053</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs="<sub idref="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs"/>"

grep -q ^PASS_MAX_DAYS /etc/login.defs &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PASS_MAX_DAYS.*/PASS_MAX_DAYS     $var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs/g" /etc/login.defs
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PASS_MAX_DAYS      $var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_maximum_age_login_defs"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_maximum_age_login_defs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_maximum_age_login_defs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Warning Age</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify how many days prior to password
expiration that a warning will be issued to users,
edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> and add or correct
 the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">PASS_WARN_AGE <html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs"/></html:i></html:pre>
The DoD requirement is 7.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(f)</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the password warning age enables users to
make the change at a practical time.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26988-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000054</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs="<sub idref="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs"/>"

grep -q ^PASS_WARN_AGE /etc/login.defs &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PASS_WARN_AGE.*/PASS_WARN_AGE     $var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs/g" /etc/login.defs
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PASS_WARN_AGE      $var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_warn_age_login_defs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="account_expiration">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Account Expiration Parameters</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts can be configured to be automatically disabled
after a certain time period,
meaning that they will require administrator interaction to become usable again.
Expiration of accounts after inactivity can be set for all accounts by default
and also on a per-account basis, such as for accounts that are known to be temporary.
To configure automatic expiration of an account following
the expiration of its password (that is, after the password has expired and not been changed),
run the following command, substituting <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>NUM_DAYS</html:i></html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>USER</html:i></html:code> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chage -I <html:i>NUM_DAYS USER</html:i></html:pre>
Accounts, such as temporary accounts, can also be configured to expire on an explicitly-set date with the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-E</html:code> option.
The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/default/useradd</html:code> controls
default settings for all newly-created accounts created with the system's
normal command line utilities.
</description>
          <Value id="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The number of days to wait after a password expires, until the account will be permanently disabled.</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This will only apply to newly created accounts</warning>
            <value>35</value>
            <value selector="30">30</value>
            <value selector="35">35</value>
            <value selector="40">40</value>
            <value selector="60">60</value>
            <value selector="90">90</value>
            <value selector="180">180</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Account Expiration Following Inactivity</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify the number of days after a password expires (which
signifies inactivity) until an account is permanently disabled, add or correct
the following lines in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/default/useradd</html:code>, substituting
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>NUM_DAYS</html:i></html:code> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">INACTIVE=<html:i><ns0:sub idref="account_disable_post_pw_expiration"/></html:i></html:pre>
A value of 35 is recommended.  
If a password is currently on the
verge of expiration, then 35 days remain until the account is automatically
disabled. However, if the password will not expire for another 60 days, then 95
days could elapse until the account would be automatically disabled. See the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">useradd</html:code> man page for more information.  Determining the inactivity
timeout must be done with careful consideration of the length of a "normal"
period of inactivity for users in the particular environment. Setting
the timeout too low incurs support costs and also has the potential to impact
availability of the system to legitimate users.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">16</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">17</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">795</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling inactive accounts ensures that accounts which may not
have been responsibly removed are not available to attackers
who may have compromised their credentials.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27283-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000334</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="account_disable_post_pw_expiration" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration="<sub idref="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration"/>"

grep -q ^INACTIVE /etc/default/useradd &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/INACTIVE.*/INACTIVE=$var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration/g" /etc/default/useradd
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "INACTIVE=$var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration" &gt;&gt; /etc/default/useradd
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration:var:1" value-id="var_account_disable_post_pw_expiration"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-account_disable_post_pw_expiration:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-account_disable_post_pw_expiration_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="account_unique_name" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All Accounts on the System Have Unique Names</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Change usernames, or delete accounts, so each has a unique name.
</description>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">770</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">804</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Unique usernames allow for accountability on the system.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27609-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000296</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-account_unique_name:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-account_unique_name_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="account_temp_expire_date" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Assign Expiration Date to Temporary Accounts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
In the event temporary or emergency accounts are required, configure the system
to terminate them after a documented time period. For every temporary and
emergency account, run the following command to set an expiration date on it,
substituting <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>USER</html:i></html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>YYYY-MM-DD</html:i></html:code> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chage -E <html:i>YYYY-MM-DD USER</html:i></html:pre>
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>YYYY-MM-DD</html:i></html:code> indicates the documented expiration date for the account.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">16</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1682</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
When temporary and emergency accounts are created, there is a risk they may
remain in place and active after the need for them no longer exists.  Account
expiration greatly reduces the risk of accounts being misused or hijacked. 
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27474-6</ident>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-account_temp_expire_date_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="accounts-pam">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Protect Accounts by Configuring PAM</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">PAM, or Pluggable Authentication Modules, is a system
which implements modular authentication for Linux programs. PAM provides
a flexible and configurable architecture for authentication, and it should be configured
to minimize exposure to unnecessary risk. This section contains
guidance on how to accomplish that.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
PAM is implemented as a set of shared objects which are
loaded and invoked whenever an application wishes to authenticate a
user. Typically, the application must be running as root in order
to take advantage of PAM, because PAM's modules often need to be able
to access sensitive stores of account information, such as /etc/shadow.
Traditional privileged network listeners
(e.g. sshd) or SUID programs (e.g. sudo) already meet this
requirement. An SUID root application, userhelper, is provided so
that programs which are not SUID or privileged themselves can still
take advantage of PAM.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
PAM looks in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d</html:code> for
application-specific configuration information. For instance, if
the program login attempts to authenticate a user, then PAM's
libraries follow the instructions in the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/login</html:code>
to determine what actions should be taken.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
One very important file in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d</html:code> is
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code>. This file, which is included by
many other PAM configuration files, defines 'default' system authentication
measures. Modifying this file is a good way to make far-reaching
authentication changes, for instance when implementing a
centralized authentication service.</description>
        <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Be careful when making changes to PAM's
configuration files. The syntax for these files is complex, and
modifications can have unexpected consequences. The default
configurations shipped with applications should be sufficient for
most users.</warning>
        <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Running <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authconfig</html:code> or
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">system-config-authentication</html:code> will re-write the PAM configuration
files, destroying any manually made changes and replacing them with
a series of system defaults. One reference to the configuration
file syntax can be found at
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/Linux-PAM-html/sag-configuration-file.html">http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/Linux-PAM-html/sag-configuration-file.html</html:a>.</warning>
        <Value id="var_password_pam_unix_remember" operator="equals" type="number">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">remember</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The last n passwords for each user are saved in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/security/opasswd</html:code> in order to force password change history and
keep the user from alternating between the same password too
frequently.</description>
          <value>5</value>
          <value selector="0">0</value>
          <value selector="4">4</value>
          <value selector="5">5</value>
          <value selector="10">10</value>
          <value selector="24">24</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="display_login_attempts" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Last Login/Access Notification</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To configure the system to notify users of last login/access
using <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_lastlog</html:code>, add the following line immediately after <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">session  required  pam_limits.so</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">session       required     pam_lastlog.so showfailed</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Users need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding
their account. Providing users with information regarding the number
of unsuccessful attempts that were made to login to their account
allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred
and gives them an opportunity to notify administrators.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27291-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000372</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="display_login_attempts" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">sed -i --follow-symlinks '/pam_limits.so/a session\t    required\t  pam_lastlog.so showfailed' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-display_login_attempts:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-display_login_attempts_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="password_quality">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Quality Requirements</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib</html:code> PAM module provides strength
checking for passwords. It performs a number of checks, such as
making sure passwords are not similar to dictionary words, are of
at least a certain length, are not the previous password reversed,
and are not simply a change of case from the previous password. It
can also require passwords to be in certain character classes.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib(8)</html:code> provides information on the
capabilities and configuration of each.</description>
          <Group id="password_quality_pamcracklib">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Quality Requirements, if using
pam_cracklib</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib</html:code> PAM module can be configured to meet
requirements for a variety of policies.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For example, to configure <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib</html:code> to require at least one uppercase
character, lowercase character, digit, and other (special)
character, locate the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password requisite pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3</html:pre>
and then alter it to read:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password required pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 maxrepeat=3 minlen=14 dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=-1 difok=4</html:pre>
If no such line exists, add one as the first line of the password section in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code>.
The arguments can be modified to ensure compliance with
your organization's security policy. Discussion of each parameter follows.
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that the password quality
requirements are not enforced for the root account for some
reason.</warning>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_retry" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">retry</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Number of retry attempts before erroring out</description>
              <value>3</value>
              <value selector="1">1</value>
              <value selector="2">2</value>
              <value selector="3">3</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_maxrepeat" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">maxrepeat</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum Number of Consecutive Repeating Characters in a Password</description>
              <value>3</value>
              <value selector="1">1</value>
              <value selector="2">2</value>
              <value selector="3">3</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_minlen" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">minlen</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of characters in password</description>
              <value>14</value>
              <value selector="6">6</value>
              <value selector="7">7</value>
              <value selector="8">8</value>
              <value selector="10">10</value>
              <value selector="12">12</value>
              <value selector="14">14</value>
              <value selector="15">15</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_dcredit" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">dcredit</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of digits in password</description>
              <value>-1</value>
              <value selector="2">-2</value>
              <value selector="1">-1</value>
              <value selector="0">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_ocredit" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">ocredit</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of other (special characters) in
password</description>
              <value>-1</value>
              <value selector="2">-2</value>
              <value selector="1">-1</value>
              <value selector="0">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_lcredit" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">lcredit</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of lower case in password</description>
              <value>-1</value>
              <value selector="2">-2</value>
              <value selector="1">-1</value>
              <value selector="0">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_ucredit" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">ucredit</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of upper case in password</description>
              <value>-1</value>
              <value selector="2">-2</value>
              <value selector="1">-1</value>
              <value selector="0">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_difok" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">difok</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of characters not present in old
password</description>
              <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Keep this high for short
passwords</warning>
              <value>4</value>
              <value selector="2">2</value>
              <value selector="3">3</value>
              <value selector="4">4</value>
              <value selector="5">5</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_password_pam_minclass" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">minclass</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum number of categories of characters that must exist in a password</description>
              <value>3</value>
              <value selector="1">1</value>
              <value selector="2">2</value>
              <value selector="3">3</value>
              <value selector="4">4</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">fail_deny</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Number of failed login attempts before account lockout</description>
              <value>3</value>
              <value selector="3">3</value>
              <value selector="5">5</value>
              <value selector="6">6</value>
              <value selector="10">10</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">fail_unlock_time</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Seconds before automatic unlocking after excessive failed logins</description>
              <value>604800</value>
              <value selector="900">900</value>
              <value selector="1800">1800</value>
              <value selector="3600">3600</value>
              <value selector="86400">86400</value>
              <value selector="604800">604800</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">fail_interval</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Interval for counting failed login attempts before account lockout</description>
              <value>900</value>
              <value selector="900">900</value>
              <value selector="1800">1800</value>
              <value selector="3600">3600</value>
              <value selector="86400">86400</value>
              <value selector="100000000">100000000</value>
            </Value>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_retry" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Retry Prompts Permitted Per-Session</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To configure the number of retry prompts that are permitted per-session:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_cracklib.so</html:code> statement in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> to 
show <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">retry=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_retry"/></html:code>, or a lower value if site policy is more restrictive.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The DoD requirement is a maximum of 3 prompts per session.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1092</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Setting the password retry prompts that are permitted on a per-session basis to a low value
requires some software, such as SSH, to re-connect. This can slow down and
draw additional attention to some types of password-guessing attacks. Note that this
is different from account lockout, which is provided by the pam_faillock module.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27123-9</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_retry:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_retry"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_retry:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_retry_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password to Maximum of Three Consecutive Repeating Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">maxrepeat</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
consecutive repeating characters. When set to a positive number, it will reject passwords
which contain more than that number of consecutive characters. Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">maxrepeat=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_maxrepeat"/></html:code>
after pam_cracklib.so to prevent a run of (<ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="var_password_pam_maxrepeat"/> + 1) or more identical characters:<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">password required pam_cracklib.so maxrepeat=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_maxrepeat"/></html:pre>
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Passwords with excessive repeating characters may be more vulnerable to password-guessing attacks.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27227-8</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000299</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_maxrepeat="<sub idref="var_password_pam_maxrepeat"/>"

if grep -q "maxrepeat=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(maxrepeat *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_maxrepeat/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ maxrepeat=$var_password_pam_maxrepeat/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_maxrepeat:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_maxrepeat"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_maxrepeat_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Digit Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dcredit</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of digits in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to
contain that many digits. When set to a positive number, pam_cracklib will grant +1 additional
length credit for each digit.  
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dcredit=-1</html:code> after pam_cracklib.so to require use of a digit in passwords.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">194</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring digits makes password guessing attacks more difficult by ensuring a larger
search space.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26374-9</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000056</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_dcredit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_dcredit="<sub idref="var_password_pam_dcredit"/>"

if grep -q "dcredit=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(dcredit *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_dcredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ dcredit=$var_password_pam_dcredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_dcredit:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_dcredit"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_dcredit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_dcredit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_minlen" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Minimum Length</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">minlen</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
minimum characters required in a password. Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">minlen=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_minlen"/></html:code>
after pam_pwquality to set minimum password length requirements.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">205</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine
strength and how long it takes to crack a password. Use of more characters in
a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources
required to compromise the password.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26615-5</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_minlen" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_minlen="<sub idref="var_password_pam_minlen"/>"

if grep -q "minlen=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
then
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(minlen *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_minlen/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ minlen=$var_password_pam_minlen/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_minlen:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_minlen"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_minlen:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_minlen_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Uppercase Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ucredit=</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of uppercase letters in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to
contain that many uppercase characters. When set to a positive number, pam_cracklib will grant +1 additional
length credit for each uppercase character.
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ucredit=-1</html:code> after pam_cracklib.so to require use of an upper case character in passwords.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">192</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum number of uppercase characters makes password guessing attacks
more difficult by ensuring a larger search space.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26601-5</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000057</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_ucredit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_ucredit="<sub idref="var_password_pam_ucredit"/>"

if grep -q "ucredit=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(ucredit *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_ucredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ ucredit=$var_password_pam_ucredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_ucredit:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_ucredit"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_ucredit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_ucredit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Special Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ocredit=</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of special (or ``other'') characters in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to
contain that many special characters. When set to a positive number, pam_cracklib will grant +1 additional
length credit for each special character.
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">ocredit=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_ocredit"/></html:code> after pam_cracklib.so to require use of a special character in passwords.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1619</reference>
              <reference href="">266</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum number of special characters makes password guessing attacks
more difficult by ensuring a larger search space.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26409-3</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000058</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_ocredit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_ocredit="<sub idref="var_password_pam_ocredit"/>"

if grep -q "ocredit=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(ocredit *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_ocredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ ocredit=$var_password_pam_ocredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_ocredit:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_ocredit"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_ocredit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_ocredit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Lowercase Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lcredit=</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of lowercase letters in a password. When set to a negative number, any password will be required to
contain that many lowercase characters. When set to a positive number, pam_cracklib will grant +1 additional
length credit for each lowercase character.
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lcredit=-1</html:code> after pam_cracklib.so to require use of a lowercase character in passwords.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(a)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">193</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum number of lowercase characters makes password guessing attacks
more difficult by ensuring a larger search space.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26631-2</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000059</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_lcredit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_lcredit="<sub idref="var_password_pam_lcredit"/>"

if grep -q "lcredit=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(lcredit *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_lcredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ lcredit=$var_password_pam_lcredit/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_lcredit:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_lcredit"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_lcredit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_lcredit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_difok" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Different Characters</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">difok</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of different characters during a password change.
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">difok=<html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_difok"/></html:i></html:code> after pam_cracklib.so to require differing
characters when changing passwords. The DoD requirement is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">4</html:code>.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(b)</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">195</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum number of different characters during password changes ensures that
newly changed passwords should not resemble previously compromised ones.
Note that passwords which are changed on compromised systems will still be compromised, however.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26615-5</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000060</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_difok" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_difok="<sub idref="var_password_pam_difok"/>"

if grep -q "difok=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(difok *= *\).*/\1$var_password_pam_difok/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/pam_cracklib.so/ s/$/ difok=$var_password_pam_difok/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_difok:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_difok"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_difok:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_difok_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_minclass" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Strength Minimum Different Categories</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The pam_cracklib module's <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">minclass</html:code> parameter controls requirements for
usage of different character classes, or types, of character that must exist in a password
before it is considered valid. For example, setting this value to three (3) requires that
any password must have characters from at least three different categories in order to be
approved. The default value is zero (0), meaning there are no required classes. There are
four categories available:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
* Upper-case characters
* Lower-case characters
* Digits
* Special characters (for example, punctuation)
</html:pre>
Add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">minclass=<html:i><ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_minclass"/></html:i></html:code> after pam_cracklib.so entry into the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> file in order to require <ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="var_password_pam_minclass"/>  differing categories of
characters when changing passwords.
For example to require at least three character classes to be used in password, use <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">minclass=3</html:code>.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Requiring a minimum number of character categories makes password guessing attacks
more difficult by ensuring a larger search space.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27115-5</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_minclass" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_password_pam_minclass="<sub idref="var_password_pam_minclass"/>"

grep -q minclass /etc/pam.d/system-auth
if [ $? = "0" ]; then
    sed --follow-symlinks -i "/pam_cracklib.so/s/minclass=[0-$var_password_pam_minclass]/minclass=$var_password_pam_minclass/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
    sed --follow-symlinks -i "/pam_cracklib.so/s/pam_cracklib.so /pam_cracklib.so minclass=$var_password_pam_minclass /" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_minclass:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_minclass"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_minclass:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_minclass_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
        </Group>
        <Group id="locking_out_password_attempts">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Lockouts for Failed Password Attempts</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_faillock</html:code> PAM module provides the capability to
lock out user accounts after a number of failed login attempts. Its
documentation is available in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/usr/share/doc/pam-VERSION/txts/README.pam_faillock</html:code>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Locking out user accounts presents the
risk of a denial-of-service attack. The lockout policy
must weigh whether the risk of such a
denial-of-service attack outweighs the benefits of thwarting
password guessing attacks.</warning>
          <Rule id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Deny For Failed Password Attempts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to lock out accounts after a number of incorrect login
attempts using <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_faillock.so</html:code>, modify the content of both
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/password-auth</html:code> as follows:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth required pam_faillock.so preauth silent deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>after</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>ACCOUNT</html:code> section:
<html:pre>account required pam_faillock.so</html:pre></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-7(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">44</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Locking out user accounts after a number of incorrect attempts
prevents direct password guessing attacks.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26844-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000061</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny="<sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/>"

AUTH_FILES[0]="/etc/pam.d/system-auth"
AUTH_FILES[1]="/etc/pam.d/password-auth"

for pamFile in "${AUTH_FILES[@]}"
do
	
	# pam_faillock.so already present?
	if grep -q "^auth.*pam_faillock.so.*" $pamFile; then

		# pam_faillock.so present, deny directive present?
		if grep -q "^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*deny=" $pamFile; then

			# both pam_faillock.so &amp; deny present, just correct deny directive value
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*\)\(deny *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*\)\(deny *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny/" $pamFile

		# pam_faillock.so present, but deny directive not yet
		else

			# append correct deny value to appropriate places
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*/ s/$/ deny=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*/ s/$/ deny=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny/" $pamFile
		fi

	# pam_faillock.so not present yet
	else

		# insert pam_faillock.so preauth &amp; authfail rows with proper value of the 'deny' option
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/i auth        required      pam_faillock.so preauth silent deny=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/a auth        [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail deny=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^account.*required.*pam_unix.so/i account     required      pam_faillock.so" $pamFile
	fi
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Lockout Time For Failed Password Attempts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system to lock out accounts after a number of incorrect login
attempts and require an administrator to unlock the account using <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_faillock.so</html:code>,
modify the content of both <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/password-auth</html:code> as follows:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth required pam_faillock.so preauth silent deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>after</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>ACCOUNT</html:code> section:
<html:pre>account required pam_faillock.so</html:pre></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-7(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">47</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Locking out user accounts after a number of incorrect attempts
prevents direct password guessing attacks.  Ensuring that an administrator is
involved in unlocking locked accounts draws appropriate attention to such
situations.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27110-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000356</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time="<sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/>"

AUTH_FILES[0]="/etc/pam.d/system-auth"
AUTH_FILES[1]="/etc/pam.d/password-auth"

for pamFile in "${AUTH_FILES[@]}"
do
	
	# pam_faillock.so already present?
	if grep -q "^auth.*pam_faillock.so.*" $pamFile; then

		# pam_faillock.so present, unlock_time directive present?
		if grep -q "^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*unlock_time=" $pamFile; then

			# both pam_faillock.so &amp; unlock_time present, just correct unlock_time directive value
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*\)\(unlock_time *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*\)\(unlock_time *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time/" $pamFile

		# pam_faillock.so present, but unlock_time directive not yet
		else

			# append correct unlock_time value to appropriate places
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*/ s/$/ unlock_time=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*/ s/$/ unlock_time=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time/" $pamFile
		fi

	# pam_faillock.so not present yet
	else

		# insert pam_faillock.so preauth &amp; authfail rows with proper value of the 'unlock_time' option
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/i auth        required      pam_faillock.so preauth silent unlock_time=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/a auth        [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail unlock_time=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^account.*required.*pam_unix.so/i account     required      pam_faillock.so" $pamFile
	fi
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Interval For Counting Failed Password Attempts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Utilizing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_faillock.so</html:code>, the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">fail_interval</html:code> directive configures the system to lock out accounts after a number of incorrect login
attempts. Modify the content of both <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/password-auth</html:code> as follows:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth required pam_faillock.so preauth silent deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>after</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>AUTH</html:code> section:
<html:pre>auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail deny=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_deny"/> unlock_time=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_unlock_time"/> fail_interval=<ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/></html:pre></html:li><html:li> Add the following line immediately <html:code>before</html:code> the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> statement in the <html:code>ACCOUNT</html:code> section:
<html:pre>account required pam_faillock.so</html:pre></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-7(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1452</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Locking out user accounts after a number of incorrect attempts within a
specific period of time prevents direct password guessing attacks.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27215-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000357</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval="<sub idref="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/>"

AUTH_FILES[0]="/etc/pam.d/system-auth"
AUTH_FILES[1]="/etc/pam.d/password-auth"

for pamFile in "${AUTH_FILES[@]}"
do
	
	# pam_faillock.so already present?
	if grep -q "^auth.*pam_faillock.so.*" $pamFile; then

		# pam_faillock.so present, 'fail_interval' directive present?
		if grep -q "^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*fail_interval=" $pamFile; then

			# both pam_faillock.so &amp; 'fail_interval' present, just correct 'fail_interval' directive value
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*\)\(fail_interval *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*\)\(fail_interval *= *\).*/\1\2$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval/" $pamFile

		# pam_faillock.so present, but 'fail_interval' directive not yet
		else

			# append correct 'fail_interval' value to appropriate places
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*required.*pam_faillock.so.*preauth.*silent.*/ s/$/ fail_interval=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval/" $pamFile
			sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*[default=die].*pam_faillock.so.*authfail.*/ s/$/ fail_interval=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval/" $pamFile
		fi

	# pam_faillock.so not present yet
	else

		# insert pam_faillock.so preauth &amp; authfail rows with proper value of the 'fail_interval' option
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/i auth        required      pam_faillock.so preauth silent fail_interval=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^auth.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*/a auth        [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail fail_interval=$var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval" $pamFile
		sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^account.*required.*pam_unix.so/i account     required      pam_faillock.so" $pamFile
	fi
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_fail_interval"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_passwords_pam_faillock_interval_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit Password Reuse</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Do not allow users to reuse recent passwords. This can be
accomplished by using the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">remember</html:code> option for the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_unix</html:code>
or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_pwhistory</html:code> PAM modules. In the file
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code>, append <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">remember=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember"/></html:code>
to the line which refers to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_unix.so</html:code> or
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_pwhistory.so</html:code>module, as shown below:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1"><html:li>for the <html:code>pam_unix.so</html:code> case:
<html:pre>password sufficient pam_unix.so <html:i>existing_options</html:i> remember=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember"/></html:pre>
</html:li><html:li>for the <html:code>pam_pwhistory.so</html:code> case:
<html:pre>password requisite pam_pwhistory.so <html:i>existing_options</html:i> remember=<ns0:sub idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember"/></html:pre>
</html:li></html:ul>
The DoD STIG requirement is 5 passwords.</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(f)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(e)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">200</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Preventing re-use of previous passwords helps ensure that a compromised password is not re-used by a user.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26741-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000274</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_password_pam_unix_remember" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_password_pam_unix_remember="<sub idref="var_password_pam_unix_remember"/>"

if grep -q "remember=" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/\(^password.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*\)\(\(remember *= *\)[^ $]*\)/\1remember=$var_password_pam_unix_remember/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
else
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^password[[:space:]]\+sufficient[[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so/ s/$/ remember=$var_password_pam_unix_remember/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_password_pam_unix_remember:var:1" value-id="var_password_pam_unix_remember"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_password_pam_unix_remember:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_password_pam_unix_remember_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="set_password_hashing_algorithm">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Hashing Algorithm</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system's default algorithm for storing password hashes in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/shadow</html:code> is SHA-512. This can be configured in several
locations.</description>
          <Rule id="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Hashing Algorithm in /etc/pam.d/system-auth</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam.d/system-auth</html:code>, the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password</html:code> section of
the file controls which PAM modules execute during a password change.
Set the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pam_unix.so</html:code> module in the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password</html:code> section to include the argument <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sha512</html:code>, as shown below:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password    sufficient    pam_unix.so sha512 <html:i>other arguments...</html:i></html:pre>
This will help ensure when local users change their passwords, hashes for the new
passwords will be generated using the SHA-512 algorithm.
This is the default.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">803</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Using a stronger hashing algorithm makes password cracking attacks more difficult.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26303-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000062</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">if ! grep -q "^password.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so.*sha512" /etc/pam.d/system-auth; then   
	sed -i --follow-symlinks "/^password.*sufficient.*pam_unix.so/ s/$/ sha512/" /etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_systemauth_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Hashing Algorithm in /etc/login.defs</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code>, add or correct the following line to ensure
the system will use SHA-512 as the hashing algorithm:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">803</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Using a stronger hashing algorithm makes password cracking attacks more difficult.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27228-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000063</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">if grep --silent ^ENCRYPT_METHOD /etc/login.defs ; then
	sed -i 's/^ENCRYPT_METHOD.*/ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512/g' /etc/login.defs
else
	echo "" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
	echo "ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_logindefs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Password Hashing Algorithm in /etc/libuser.conf</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/libuser.conf</html:code>, add or correct the following line in its
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[defaults]</html:code> section to ensure the system will use the SHA-512
algorithm for password hashing:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">crypt_style = sha512</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">803</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Using a stronger hashing algorithm makes password cracking attacks more difficult.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27229-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000064</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_password_hashing_algorithm_libuserconf_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="accounts-session">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Secure Session Configuration Files for Login Accounts</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">When a user logs into a Unix account, the system
configures the user's session by reading a number of files. Many of
these files are located in the user's home directory, and may have
weak permissions as a result of user error or misconfiguration. If
an attacker can modify or even read certain types of account
configuration information, they can often gain full access to the
affected user's account. Therefore, it is important to test and
correct configuration file permissions for interactive accounts,
particularly those of privileged users such as root or system
administrators.</description>
        <Value id="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" operator="equals" type="number">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum concurrent login sessions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum number of concurrent sessions by a user</description>
          <value>1</value>
          <value selector="1">1</value>
          <value selector="3">3</value>
          <value selector="5">5</value>
          <value selector="10">10</value>
          <value selector="15">15</value>
          <value selector="20">20</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_accounts_tmout" operator="equals" type="number">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Account Inactivity Timeout (minutes)</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as the
number of seconds to wait for input after issueing the primary prompt.
Bash terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if input does
not arrive.</description>
          <value>600</value>
          <value selector="5_min">300</value>
          <value selector="10_min">600</value>
          <value selector="15_min">900</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="accounts_tmout" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Interactive Session Timeout</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces 
the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a 
management session enabled on the console or console port that has been 
left unattended.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27333-4</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_tmout:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_tmout"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_tmout:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_tmout_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit the Number of Concurrent Login Sessions Allowed Per User</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user can limit risks related to Denial of
Service attacks. This addresses concurrent sessions for a single account and does not address
concurrent sessions by a single user via multiple accounts. The DoD requirement is 10. To set the number of concurrent
sessions per user add the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/security/limits.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">* hard maxlogins <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions"/></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-10</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">54</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limiting simultaneous user logins can insulate the system from denial of service
problems caused by excessive logins. Automated login processes operating improperly or
maliciously may result in an exceptional number of simultaneous login sessions.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27457-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000319</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions="<sub idref="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions"/>"

if grep -q '^[^#]*\&lt;maxlogins\&gt;' /etc/security/limits.d/*.conf; then
	sed -i "/^[^#]*\&lt;maxlogins\&gt;/ s/maxlogins.*/maxlogins $var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions/" /etc/security/limits.d/*.conf
elif grep -q '^[^#]*\&lt;maxlogins\&gt;' /etc/security/limits.conf; then
	sed -i "/^[^#]*\&lt;maxlogins\&gt;/ s/maxlogins.*/maxlogins $var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions/" /etc/security/limits.conf
else
	echo "*	hard	maxlogins	$var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions" &gt;&gt; /etc/security/limits.conf
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_max_concurrent_login_sessions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="root_paths">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that No Dangerous Directories Exist in Root's Path</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The active path of the root account can be obtained by
starting a new root shell and running:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo echo $PATH</html:pre>
This will produce a colon-separated list of
directories in the path.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Certain path elements could be considered dangerous, as they could lead
to root executing unknown or
untrusted programs, which could contain malicious
code.
Since root may sometimes work inside
untrusted directories, the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.</html:code> character, which represents the
current directory, should never be in the root path, nor should any
directory which can be written to by an unprivileged or
semi-privileged (system) user.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
It is a good practice for administrators to always execute
privileged commands by typing the full path to the
command.</description>
          <Rule id="root_path_no_dot" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include Relative Paths or Null Directories</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensure that none of the directories in root's path is equal to a single
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.</html:code> character, or
that it contains any instances that lead to relative path traversal, such as
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">..</html:code> or beginning a path without the slash (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/</html:code>) character.
Also ensure that there are no "empty" elements in the path, such as in these examples:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PATH=:/bin
PATH=/bin:
PATH=/bin::/sbin</html:pre>
These empty elements have the same effect as a single <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.</html:code> character.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Including these entries increases the risk that root could
execute code from an untrusted location.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26826-8</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-root_path_no_dot:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that Root's Path Does Not Include World or Group-Writable Directories</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
For each element in root's path, run:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo ls -ld <html:i>DIR</html:i></html:pre>
and ensure that write permissions are disabled for group and
other.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Such entries increase the risk that root could
execute code provided by unprivileged users,
and potentially malicious code.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26768-2</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_root_path_dirs_no_write_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_home_dirs" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that User Home Directories are not Group-Writable or World-Readable</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">For each human user of the system, view the
permissions of the user's home directory:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo ls -ld /home/<html:i>USER</html:i></html:pre>
Ensure that the directory is not group-writable and that it
is not world-readable. If necessary, repair the permissions:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod g-w /home/<html:i>USER</html:i>
$ sudo chmod o-rwx /home/<html:i>USER</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">This action may involve
modifying user home directories. Notify your user community, and
solicit input if appropriate, before making this type of
change.</warning>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(7)</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
User home directories contain many configuration files which
affect the behavior of a user's account. No user should ever have
write permission to another user's home directory. Group shared
directories can be configured in sub-directories or elsewhere in the
filesystem if they are needed. Typically, user home directories
should not be world-readable, as it would disclose file names
to other users. If a subset of users need read access
to one another's home directories, this can be provided using
groups or ACLs.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26981-1</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_home_dirs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_home_dirs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="user_umask">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that Users Have Sensible Umask Values</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The umask setting controls the default permissions
for the creation of new files.
With a default <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> setting of 077, files and directories
created by users will not be readable by any other user on the
system. Users who wish to make specific files group- or
world-readable can accomplish this by using the chmod command.
Additionally, users can make all their files readable to their
group by default by setting a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> of 027 in their shell
configuration files. If default per-user groups exist (that is, if
every user has a default group whose name is the same as that
user's username and whose only member is the user), then it may
even be safe for users to select a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> of 007, making it very
easy to intentionally share files with groups of which the user is
a member.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>

</description>
          <Value id="var_accounts_user_umask" operator="equals" type="string">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Sensible umask</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enter default user umask</description>
            <value>027</value>
            <value selector="007">007</value>
            <value selector="022">022</value>
            <value selector="027">027</value>
            <value selector="077">077</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure the Default Bash Umask is Set Correctly</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure the default umask for users of the Bash shell is set properly,
add or correct the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> setting in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/bashrc</html:code> to read
as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">umask <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask value influences the permissions assigned to files when they are created.
A misconfigured umask value could result in files with excessive permissions that can be read or
written to by unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26917-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000342</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_umask_etc_bashrc" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_user_umask="<sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/>"

grep -q umask /etc/bashrc &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/umask.*/umask $var_accounts_user_umask/g" /etc/bashrc
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "umask $var_accounts_user_umask" &gt;&gt; /etc/bashrc
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_user_umask:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_user_umask"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_bashrc:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_bashrc_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure the Default C Shell Umask is Set Correctly</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure the default umask for users of the C shell is set properly,
add or correct the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> setting in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/csh.cshrc</html:code> to read as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">umask <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask value influences the permissions assigned to files when they are created.
A misconfigured umask value could result in files with excessive permissions that can be read or
written to by unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27034-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000343</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_accounts_user_umask="<sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/>"

grep -q umask /etc/csh.cshrc &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/umask.*/umask $var_accounts_user_umask/g" /etc/csh.cshrc
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "umask $var_accounts_user_umask" &gt;&gt; /etc/csh.cshrc
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_user_umask:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_user_umask"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_csh_cshrc_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_umask_etc_profile" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in /etc/profile</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure the default umask controlled by <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/profile</html:code> is set properly,
add or correct the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">umask</html:code> setting in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/profile</html:code> to read as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">umask <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask value influences the permissions assigned to files when they are created.
A misconfigured umask value could result in files with excessive permissions that can be read or
written to by unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26669-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000344</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_umask_etc_profile" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_user_umask="<sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/>"

grep -q umask /etc/profile &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/umask.*/umask $var_accounts_user_umask/g" /etc/profile
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "umask $var_accounts_user_umask" &gt;&gt; /etc/profile
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_user_umask:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_user_umask"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_profile:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_profile_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure the Default Umask is Set Correctly in login.defs</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To ensure the default umask controlled by <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> is set properly,
add or correct the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">UMASK</html:code> setting in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/login.defs</html:code> to read as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">UMASK <ns0:sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The umask value influences the permissions assigned to files when they are created.
A misconfigured umask value could result in files with excessive permissions that can be read and
written to by unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26371-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000345</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="accounts_umask_etc_login_defs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_accounts_user_umask="<sub idref="var_accounts_user_umask"/>"

grep -q UMASK /etc/login.defs &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/UMASK.*/UMASK $var_accounts_user_umask/g" /etc/login.defs
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "UMASK $var_accounts_user_umask" &gt;&gt; /etc/login.defs
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_accounts_user_umask:var:1" value-id="var_accounts_user_umask"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_login_defs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-accounts_umask_etc_login_defs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="accounts-physical">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Protect Physical Console Access</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">It is impossible to fully protect a system from an
attacker with physical access, so securing the space in which the
system is located should be considered a necessary step. However,
there are some steps which, if taken, make it more difficult for an
attacker to quickly or undetectably modify a system from its
console.</description>
        <Group id="bootloader">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Boot Loader Password</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">During the boot process, the boot loader is
responsible for starting the execution of the kernel and passing
options to it. The boot loader allows for the selection of
different kernels - possibly on different partitions or media.
The default Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot loader for x86 systems is called GRUB.
Options it can pass to the kernel include <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">single-user mode</html:i>, which
provides root access without any authentication, and the ability to
disable SELinux. To prevent local users from modifying the boot
parameters and endangering security, protect the boot loader configuration
with a password and ensure its configuration file's permissions
are set properly.
</description>
          <Rule id="file_user_owner_grub_conf" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify /etc/grub.conf User Ownership</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code> should 
be owned by the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> user to prevent destruction 
or modification of the file.

    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /etc/grub.conf </html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(7)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Only root should be able to modify important boot parameters.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26995-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000065</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_user_owner_grub_conf" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chown root /etc/grub.conf
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_user_owner_grub_conf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_user_owner_grub_conf_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_group_owner_grub_conf" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify /etc/grub.conf Group Ownership</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code> should 
be group-owned by the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> group to prevent 
destruction or modification of the file.

    To properly set the group owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chgrp root /etc/grub.conf </html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(7)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code> group is a highly-privileged group. Furthermore, the group-owner of this
file should not have any access privileges anyway.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27022-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000066</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_group_owner_grub_conf" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chgrp root /etc/grub.conf
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_group_owner_grub_conf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_group_owner_grub_conf_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="file_permissions_grub_conf" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify /boot/grub/grub.conf Permissions</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">File permissions for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/boot/grub/grub.conf</html:code> should be set to 600, which
is the default.

    To properly set the permissions of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/boot/grub/grub.conf</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chmod 600 /boot/grub/grub.conf</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(7)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">225</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Proper permissions ensure that only the root user can modify important boot
parameters.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26949-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000067</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_grub_conf" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">chmod 600 /boot/grub/grub.conf
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_grub_conf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_grub_conf_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="bootloader_password" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Boot Loader Password</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The grub boot loader should have password protection
enabled to protect boot-time settings.
To do so, select a password and then generate a hash from it by running the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ grub-crypt --sha-512</html:pre>
When prompted to enter a password, insert the following line into <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>
immediately after the header comments. (Use the output from <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">grub-crypt</html:code> as the
value of <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password-hash</html:b>):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">password --encrypted <html:b>password-hash</html:b></html:pre>
NOTE: To meet FISMA Moderate, the bootloader password MUST differ from the root password.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-2(1)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(e) AC-3</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">213</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Password protection on the boot loader configuration ensures
users with physical access cannot trivially alter
important bootloader settings. These include which kernel to use,
and whether to enter single-user mode.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26911-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000068</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-bootloader_password:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-bootloader_password_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="require_singleuser_auth" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Require Authentication for Single User Mode</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Single-user mode is intended as a system recovery
method, providing a single user root access to the system by
providing a boot option at startup. By default, no authentication
is performed if single-user mode is selected.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To require entry of the root password even if the system is
started in single-user mode, add or correct the following line in the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/init</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SINGLE=/sbin/sulogin</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-2(1)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">213</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This prevents attackers with physical access from trivially bypassing security
on the machine and gaining root access. Such accesses are further prevented
by configuring the bootloader password.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27040-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000069</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="require_singleuser_auth" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">grep -q ^SINGLE /etc/sysconfig/init &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/SINGLE.*/SINGLE=\/sbin\/sulogin/g" /etc/sysconfig/init
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "SINGLE=/sbin/sulogin" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysconfig/init
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-require_singleuser_auth:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-require_singleuser_auth_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Ctrl-Alt-Del Reboot Activation</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, the system includes the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf</html:code>
to reboot the system when the Ctrl-Alt-Del key sequence is pressed:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">exec /sbin/shutdown -r now "Control-Alt-Delete pressed"</html:pre>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To configure the system to log a message instead of
rebooting the system, alter that line to read as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">exec /usr/bin/logger -p security.info "Control-Alt-Delete pressed"</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Disabling the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ctrl-Alt-Del</html:code> key sequence
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf</html:code> DOES NOT disable the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ctrl-Alt-Del</html:code>
key sequence if running in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">runlevel 6</html:code> (e.g. in GNOME, KDE, etc.)! The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ctrl-Alt-Del</html:code> key sequence will only be disabled if running in
the non-graphical <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">runlevel 3</html:code>.
</warning>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A locally logged-in user who presses Ctrl-Alt-Del, when at the console,
can reboot the system. If accidentally pressed, as could happen in
the case of mixed OS environment, this can create the risk of short-term
loss of availability of systems due to unintentional reboot.
In the GNOME graphical environment, risk of unintentional reboot from the
Ctrl-Alt-Del sequence is reduced because the user will be
prompted before any action is taken.

NOTE: When updating the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">initscripts</html:code> package on a Red Hat Enterprise
Linux 6 system, custom changes to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf</html:code>
may be overwritten. Refer to <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="https://access.redhat.com/site/solutions/70464">https://access.redhat.com/site/solutions/70464</html:a></html:b>
for additional information.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27567-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000286</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># If system does not contain control-alt-delete.override,
if [ ! -f /etc/init/control-alt-delete.override ]; then

	# but does have control-alt-delete.conf file,
	if [ -f /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf ]; then

		# then copy .conf to .override to maintain persistency
		cp /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf /etc/init/control-alt-delete.override
	fi
fi
 
sed -i 's,^exec.*$,exec /usr/bin/logger -p authpriv.notice -t init "Ctrl-Alt-Del was pressed and ignored",' /etc/init/control-alt-delete.override
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-disable_ctrlaltdel_reboot_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="disable_interactive_boot" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Interactive Boot</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To disable the ability for users to perform interactive startups, perform both
of the following:
<html:ol xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>Edit the file <html:code>/etc/sysconfig/init</html:code>. Add or correct the line:
<html:pre>PROMPT=no</html:pre></html:li><html:li>Inspect the kernel boot arguments (which follow the word <html:code>kernel</html:code>)
in <html:code>/etc/grub.conf</html:code> and ensure the <html:code>confirm</html:code> argument is <html:b>not</html:b>
present.</html:li></html:ol>
Both the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PROMPT</html:code> option of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/init</html:code> file and
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">confirm</html:code> kernel boot argument of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code> file
allow the console user to perform an interactive system startup, in which it is
possible to select the set of services which are started on boot.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-2</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">213</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Using interactive boot, the console user could disable auditing, firewalls, or
other services, weakening system security.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27043-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000070</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="disable_interactive_boot" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Ensure value of PROMPT key in /etc/sysconfig/init is set to 'no'
grep -q ^PROMPT /etc/sysconfig/init &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PROMPT.*/PROMPT=no/g" /etc/sysconfig/init
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PROMPT=no" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysconfig/init
fi

# Ensure 'confirm' kernel boot argument is not present in some of
# kernel lines in /etc/grub.conf
sed -i --follow-symlinks "s/confirm//gI" /etc/grub.conf
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-disable_interactive_boot:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-disable_interactive_boot_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="screen_locking">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Screen Locking</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">When a user must temporarily leave an account
logged-in, screen locking should be employed to prevent passersby
from abusing the account. User education and training is
particularly important for screen locking to be effective, and policies
can be implemented to reinforce this.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Automatic screen locking is only meant as a safeguard for
those cases where a user forgot to lock the screen.</description>
          <Group id="console_screen_locking">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Console Screen Locking</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A console screen locking mechanism is provided in the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">screen</html:code> package, which is not installed by default.
</description>
            <Rule id="package_screen_installed" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install the screen Package</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To enable console screen locking, install the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">screen</html:code> package:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install screen</html:pre>
Instruct users to begin new terminal sessions with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ screen</html:pre>
The console can now be locked with the following key combination:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ctrl+a x</html:pre>
</description>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">58</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Installing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">screen</html:code> ensures a console locking capability is available
for users who may need to suspend console logins.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26940-7</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000071</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_screen_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install screen
</fix>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_screen_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure screen is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - screen
</fix>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_screen_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_screen

class install_screen {
  package { 'screen':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
              <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_screen_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=screen
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_screen_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_screen_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
          <Group id="smart_card_login">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Hardware Tokens for Authentication</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The use of hardware tokens such as smart cards for system login
provides stronger, two-factor authentication than using a username and password.
In Red Hat Enterprise Linux servers and workstations, hardware token login
is not enabled by default and must be enabled in the system settings.
</description>
            <Rule id="smartcard_auth" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Smart Card Login</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To enable smart card authentication, consult the documentation at:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:b><html:a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Managing_Smart_Cards/enabling-smart-card-login.html">https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Managing_Smart_Cards/enabling-smart-card-login.html</html:a></html:b></html:li></html:ul>
For guidance on enabling SSH to authenticate against a Common Access Card (CAC), consult documentation at:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:b><html:a href="https://access.redhat.com/solutions/82273">https://access.redhat.com/solutions/82273</html:a></html:b></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">765</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">766</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">767</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">768</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">771</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">772</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">884</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Smart card login provides two-factor authentication stronger than
that provided by a username and password combination. Smart cards leverage PKI
(public key infrastructure) in order to provide and verify credentials.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27440-7</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000349</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="smartcard_auth" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Install required packages
yum -y install esc
yum -y install pam_pkcs11

# Enable pcscd service
<sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable pcscd

# Configure the expected /etc/pam.d/system-auth{,-ac} settings directly
#
# The code below will configure system authentication in the way smart card
# logins will be enabled, but also user login(s) via other method to be allowed
#
# NOTE: In contrast to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 version of this remediation
#       script (based on the testing) it does NOT seem to be possible to use
#       the 'authconfig' command to perform the remediation for us. Because:
#
#       * calling '/usr/sbin/authconfig --enablesmartcard --update'
#	  does not update all the necessary files, while
#
#	* calling '/usr/sbin/authconfig --enablesmartcard --updateall'
#	  discards the necessary changes on /etc/pam_pkcs11/pam_pkcs11.conf
#	  performed subsequently below
#
#	Therefore we configure /etc/pam.d/system-auth{,-ac} settings directly.
#

# Define system-auth config location
SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF="/etc/pam.d/system-auth"
# Define expected 'pam_env.so' row in $SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF
PAM_ENV_SO="auth.*required.*pam_env.so"

# Define 'pam_succeed_if.so' row to be appended past $PAM_ENV_SO row into $SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF
SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_SUCCEED="\
auth        \[success=1 default=ignore\] pam_succeed_if.so service notin \
login:gdm:xdm:kdm:xscreensaver:gnome-screensaver:kscreensaver quiet use_uid"
# Define 'pam_pkcs11.so' row to be appended past $SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_SUCCEED
# row into SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF file
SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_PKCS11="\
auth        \[success=done authinfo_unavail=ignore ignore=ignore default=die\] \
pam_pkcs11.so card_only"

# Define smartcard-auth config location
SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF="/etc/pam.d/smartcard-auth"
# Define 'pam_pkcs11.so' auth section to be appended past $PAM_ENV_SO into $SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF
SMARTCARD_AUTH_SECTION="\
auth        [success=done ignore=ignore default=die] pam_pkcs11.so wait_for_card card_only"
# Define expected 'pam_permit.so' row in $SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF
PAM_PERMIT_SO="account.*required.*pam_permit.so"
# Define 'pam_pkcs11.so' password section
SMARTCARD_PASSWORD_SECTION="\
password    required      pam_pkcs11.so"

# First Correct the SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF configuration
if ! grep -q 'pam_pkcs11.so' "$SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF"
then
	# Append (expected) pam_succeed_if.so row past the pam_env.so into SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF file
	sed -i --follow-symlinks -e '/^'"$PAM_ENV_SO"'/a '"$SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_SUCCEED" "$SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF"
	# Append (expected) pam_pkcs11.so row past the pam_succeed_if.so into SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF file
	sed -i --follow-symlinks -e '/^'"$SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_SUCCEED"'/a '"$SYSTEM_AUTH_PAM_PKCS11" "$SYSTEM_AUTH_CONF"
fi

# Then also correct the SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF
if ! grep -q 'pam_pkcs11.so' "$SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF"
then
	# Append (expected) SMARTCARD_AUTH_SECTION row past the pam_env.so into SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF file
	sed -i --follow-symlinks -e '/^'"$PAM_ENV_SO"'/a '"$SMARTCARD_AUTH_SECTION" "$SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF"
	# Append (expected) SMARTCARD_PASSWORD_SECTION row past the pam_permit.so into SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF file
	sed -i --follow-symlinks -e '/^'"$PAM_PERMIT_SO"'/a '"$SMARTCARD_PASSWORD_SECTION" "$SMARTCARD_AUTH_CONF"
fi

# Perform /etc/pam_pkcs11/pam_pkcs11.conf settings below
# Define selected constants for later reuse
SP="[:space:]"
PAM_PKCS11_CONF="/etc/pam_pkcs11/pam_pkcs11.conf"

# Ensure OCSP is turned on in $PAM_PKCS11_CONF
# 1) First replace any occurrence of 'none' value of 'cert_policy' key setting with the correct configuration
# On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 a space isn't required between 'cert_policy' key and value assignment !!!
sed -i "s/^[$SP]*cert_policy=none;/    cert_policy=ca, ocsp_on, signature;/g" "$PAM_PKCS11_CONF"

# 2) Then append 'ocsp_on' value setting to each 'cert_policy' key in $PAM_PKCS11_CONF configuration line,
# which does not contain it yet
# On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 a space isn't required between 'cert_policy' key and value assignment !!!
sed -i "/ocsp_on/! s/^[$SP]*cert_policy=\(.*\);/    cert_policy=\1, ocsp_on;/" "$PAM_PKCS11_CONF"
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-smartcard_auth:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-smartcard_auth_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="accounts-banners">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Warning Banners for System Accesses</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Each system should expose as little information about
itself as possible.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
System banners, which are typically displayed just before a
login prompt, give out information about the service or the host's
operating system. This might include the distribution name and the
system kernel version, and the particular version of a network
service. This information can assist intruders in gaining access to
the system as it can reveal whether the system is running
vulnerable software. Most network services can be configured to
limit what information is displayed.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Many organizations implement security policies that require a
system banner provide notice of the system's ownership, provide
warning to unauthorized users, and remind authorized users of their
consent to monitoring.</description>
        <Value id="login_banner_text" operator="equals" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Login Banner Verbiage</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enter an appropriate login banner for your organization. Please note that new lines must
be expressed by the '\n' character and special characters like parentheses and quotation marks must be escaped with '\'.</description>
          <value selector="usgcb_default">--[\s\n]+WARNING[\s\n]+--[\s\n]*This[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+use[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+authorized[\s\n]+users[\s\n]+only.[\s\n]+Individuals[\s\n]*using[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+without[\s\n]+authority[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+in[\s\n]+excess[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+their[\s\n]*authority[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+having[\s\n]+all[\s\n]+their[\s\n]+activities[\s\n]+on[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+system[\s\n]*monitored[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+recorded[\s\n]+by[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+personnel.[\s\n]+Anyone[\s\n]+using[\s\n]+this[\s\n]*system[\s\n]+expressly[\s\n]+consents[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+such[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+advised[\s\n]+that[\s\n]*if[\s\n]+such[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+reveals[\s\n]+possible[\s\n]+evidence[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+criminal[\s\n]+activity[\s\n]*system[\s\n]+personal[\s\n]+may[\s\n]+provide[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+evidence[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+such[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+law[\s\n]*enforcement[\s\n]+officials.</value>
          <value selector="dod_default">You[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+accessing[\s\n]+a[\s\n]+U.S.[\s\n]+Government[\s\n]+\(USG\)[\s\n]+Information[\s\n]+System[\s\n]+\(IS\)[\s\n]+that[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+provided[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+USG-authorized[\s\n]+use[\s\n]+only.[\s\n]*By[\s\n]+using[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+\(which[\s\n]+includes[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+device[\s\n]+attached[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS\),[\s\n]+you[\s\n]+consent[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+following[\s\n]+conditions\:[\s\n]*-[\s\n]*The[\s\n]+USG[\s\n]+routinely[\s\n]+intercepts[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+monitors[\s\n]+communications[\s\n]+on[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+purposes[\s\n]+including,[\s\n]+but[\s\n]+not[\s\n]+limited[\s\n]+to,[\s\n]+penetration[\s\n]+testing,[\s\n]+COMSEC[\s\n]+monitoring,[\s\n]+network[\s\n]+operations[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+defense,[\s\n]+personnel[\s\n]+misconduct[\s\n]+\(PM\),[\s\n]+law[\s\n]+enforcement[\s\n]+\(LE\),[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+counterintelligence[\s\n]+\(CI\)[\s\n]+investigations.[\s\n]*-[\s\n]*At[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+time,[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+USG[\s\n]+may[\s\n]+inspect[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+seize[\s\n]+data[\s\n]+stored[\s\n]+on[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS.[\s\n]*-[\s\n]*Communications[\s\n]+using,[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+data[\s\n]+stored[\s\n]+on,[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+not[\s\n]+private,[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+routine[\s\n]+monitoring,[\s\n]+interception,[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+search,[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+may[\s\n]+be[\s\n]+disclosed[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+used[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+USG-authorized[\s\n]+purpose.[\s\n]*-[\s\n]*This[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+includes[\s\n]+security[\s\n]+measures[\s\n]+\(e.g.,[\s\n]+authentication[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+access[\s\n]+controls\)[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+protect[\s\n]+USG[\s\n]+interests[\s\n]+--[\s\n]+not[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+your[\s\n]+personal[\s\n]+benefit[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+privacy.[\s\n]*-[\s\n]*Notwithstanding[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+above,[\s\n]+using[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+does[\s\n]+not[\s\n]+constitute[\s\n]+consent[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+PM,[\s\n]+LE[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+CI[\s\n]+investigative[\s\n]+searching[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+content[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+privileged[\s\n]+communications,[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+work[\s\n]+product,[\s\n]+related[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+personal[\s\n]+representation[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+services[\s\n]+by[\s\n]+attorneys,[\s\n]+psychotherapists,[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+clergy,[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+their[\s\n]+assistants.[\s\n]+Such[\s\n]+communications[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+work[\s\n]+product[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+private[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+confidential.[\s\n]+See[\s\n]+User[\s\n]+Agreement[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+details.</value>
          <value selector="dss_odaa_default">[\s\n]+Use[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+constitutes[\s\n]+consent[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+at[\s\n]+all[\s\n]+times.[\s\n]+This[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+a[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system.[\s\n]+All[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+systems[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+related[\s\n]+equipment[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+intended[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+communication,[\s\n]+transmission,[\s\n]+processing,[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+storage[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+official[\s\n]+U.S.[\s\n]+Government[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+authorized[\s\n]+information[\s\n]+only.[\s\n]+All[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+systems[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+at[\s\n]+all[\s\n]+times[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+ensure[\s\n]+proper[\s\n]+functioning[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+equipment[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+systems[\s\n]+including[\s\n]+security[\s\n]+devices[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+systems,[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+prevent[\s\n]+unauthorized[\s\n]+use[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+violations[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+statutes[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+security[\s\n]+regulations,[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+deter[\s\n]+criminal[\s\n]+activity,[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+for[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+similar[\s\n]+purposes.[\s\n]+Any[\s\n]+user[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+a[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+should[\s\n]+be[\s\n]+aware[\s\n]+that[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+information[\s\n]+placed[\s\n]+in[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+is[\s\n]+not[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+expectation[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+privacy.[\s\n]+If[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+reveals[\s\n]+possible[\s\n]+evidence[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+violation[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+criminal[\s\n]+statutes,[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+evidence[\s\n]+and[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+related[\s\n]+information,[\s\n]+including[\s\n]+identification[\s\n]+information[\s\n]+about[\s\n]+the[\s\n]+user,[\s\n]+may[\s\n]+be[\s\n]+provided[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+law[\s\n]+enforcement[\s\n]+officials.[\s\n]+If[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+systems[\s\n]+reveals[\s\n]+violations[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+security[\s\n]+regulations[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+unauthorized[\s\n]+use,[\s\n]+employees[\s\n]+who[\s\n]+violate[\s\n]+security[\s\n]+regulations[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+make[\s\n]+unauthorized[\s\n]+use[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+systems[\s\n]+are[\s\n]+subject[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+appropriate[\s\n]+disciplinary[\s\n]+action.[\s\n]+Use[\s\n]+of[\s\n]+this[\s\n]+or[\s\n]+any[\s\n]+other[\s\n]+DoD[\s\n]+interest[\s\n]+computer[\s\n]+system[\s\n]+constitutes[\s\n]+consent[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+monitoring[\s\n]+at[\s\n]+all[\s\n]+times.</value>
          <value selector="dod_short">I\'ve[\s\n]+read[\s\n]+\&amp;[\s\n]+consent[\s\n]+to[\s\n]+terms[\s\n]+in[\s\n]+IS[\s\n]+user[\s\n]+agreem\'t.</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="banner_etc_issue" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Modify the System Login Banner</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure the system login banner:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/issue</html:code>. Replace the default text with a message
compliant with the local site policy or a legal disclaimer.

The DoD required text is either:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is
provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any
device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: 
<html:br/>-The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes
including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network
operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and
counterintelligence (CI) investigations. 
<html:br/>-At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. 
<html:br/>-Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject 
to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used 
for any USG-authorized purpose. 
<html:br/>-This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) 
to protect USG interests -- not for your personal benefit or privacy. 
<html:br/>-Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative
searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work
product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys,
psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work
product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details.</html:code>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
OR:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Use of this or any other DoD interest computer system constitutes consent to monitoring at all times.
<html:br/>This is a DoD interest computer system. All DoD interest computer systems and related equipment are intended
for the communication, transmission, processing, and storage of official U.S. Government or other authorized
information only. All DoD interest computer systems are subject to monitoring at all times to ensure proper
functioning of equipment and systems including security devices and systems, to prevent unauthorized use and
violations of statutes and security regulations, to deter criminal activity, and for other similar purposes. Any user of
a DoD interest computer system should be aware that any information placed in the system is subject to
monitoring and is not subject to any expectation of privacy.
<html:br/>If monitoring of this or any other DoD interest computer system reveals possible evidence of violation of criminal
statutes, this evidence and any other related information, including identification information about the user, may
be provided to law enforcement officials. If monitoring of this or any other DoD interest computer systems reveals
violations of security regulations or unauthorized use, employees who violate security regulations or make
unauthorized use of DoD interest computer systems are subject to appropriate disciplinary action.
<html:br/>Use of this or any other DoD interest computer system constitutes consent to monitoring at all times.</html:code>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
OR:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">I've read &amp; consent to terms in IS user agreem't.</html:code>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">48</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1384</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1385</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1386</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1387</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1388</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An appropriate warning message reinforces policy awareness during the login
process and facilitates possible legal action against attackers.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26974-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000073</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="banner_etc_issue" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
login_banner_text="<sub idref="login_banner_text"/>"

# There was a regular-expression matching various banners, needs to be expanded
expanded=$(echo "$login_banner_text" | sed 's/\[\\s\\n\][+*]/ /g;s/\\//g;s/[^-]- /\n\n-/g')
formatted=$(echo "$expanded" | fold -sw 80)

cat &lt;&lt;EOF &gt;/etc/issue
$formatted
EOF

printf "\n" &gt;&gt; /etc/issue
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-login_banner_text:var:1" value-id="login_banner_text"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-banner_etc_issue:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-banner_etc_issue_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="gui_login_banner">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Implement a GUI Warning Banner</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In the default graphical environment, users logging
directly into the system are greeted with a login screen provided
by the GNOME Display Manager (GDM). The warning banner should be
displayed in this graphical environment for these users.
The following sections describe how to configure the GDM login
banner.
</description>
          <Rule id="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable GUI Warning Banner</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To enable displaying a login warning banner in the GNOME
Display Manager's login screen, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type bool \
  --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/banner_message_enable true</html:pre>
To display a banner, this setting must be enabled and then
banner text must also be set.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">48</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">50</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An appropriate warning message reinforces policy awareness during the login
process and facilitates possible legal action against attackers.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27195-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000324</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"># Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Enable displaying of a login warning banner in the GNOME Display Manager's
# login screen
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type bool \
            --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/banner_message_enable true
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gdm_enable_warning_gui_banner_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set GUI Warning Banner Text</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To set the text shown by the GNOME Display Manager
in the login screen, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo gconftool-2 --direct \
  --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory \
  --type string \
  --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/banner_message_text \
  "Text of the warning banner here"</html:pre>
When entering a warning banner that spans several lines, remember
to begin and end the string with <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">"</html:code>. This command writes
directly either to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory/%gconf-tree.xml</html:code>
if it exists or to the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory/apps/gdm/simple-greeter/%gconf.xml</html:code>.
Either of these files can later be edited directly if necessary.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">48</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1384</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1385</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1386</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1387</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1388</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An appropriate warning message reinforces policy awareness during the login
process and facilitates possible legal action against attackers.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27017-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000326</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
login_banner_text="<sub idref="login_banner_text"/>"

# Install GConf2 package if not installed
if ! rpm -q GConf2; then
  yum -y install GConf2
fi

# Expand the login_banner_text value - there was a regular-expression
# matching various banners, needs to be expanded
banner_expanded=$(echo "$login_banner_text" | sed 's/\[\\s\\n\][*+]/ /g;s/\\//g;')

# Set the text shown by the GNOME Display Manager in the login screen
gconftool-2 --direct \
            --config-source "xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.mandatory" \
            --type string \
            --set /apps/gdm/simple-greeter/banner_message_text "${banner_expanded}"
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-login_banner_text:var:1" value-id="login_banner_text"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-gconf_gdm_set_login_banner_text_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="network">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Network Configuration and Firewalls</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Most machines must be connected to a network of some
sort, and this brings with it the substantial risk of network
attack. This section discusses the security impact of decisions
about networking which must be made when configuring a system.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
This section also discusses firewalls, network access
controls, and other network security frameworks, which allow
system-level rules to be written that can limit an attackers' ability
to connect to your system. These rules can specify that network
traffic should be allowed or denied from certain IP addresses,
hosts, and networks. The rules can also specify which of the
system's network services are available to particular hosts or
networks.</description>
      <Group id="network_disable_unused_interfaces">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Unused Interfaces</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Network interfaces expand the attack surface of the 
system.  Unused interfaces are not monitored or controlled, and 
should be disabled.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If the system does not require network communications but still
needs to use the loopback interface, remove all files of the form
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:code> except for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ifcfg-lo</html:code> from
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rm /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:pre>
If the system is a standalone machine with no need for network access or even
communication over the loopback device, then disable this service.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">network</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig network off</html:pre>
</description>
      </Group>
      <Rule id="network_disable_zeroconf" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Zeroconf Networking</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Zeroconf networking allows the system to assign itself an IP
address and engage in IP communication without a statically-assigned address or
even a DHCP server. Automatic address assignment via Zeroconf (or DHCP) is not
recommended. To disable Zeroconf automatic route assignment in the 169.254.0.0
subnet, add or correct the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">NOZEROCONF=yes</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Zeroconf addresses are in the network 169.254.0.0. The networking
scripts add entries to the system's routing table for these addresses. Zeroconf
address assignment commonly occurs when the system is configured to use DHCP
but fails to receive an address assignment from the DHCP server.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27151-0</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="network_disable_zeroconf" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">echo "NOZEROCONF=yes" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysconfig/network
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_disable_zeroconf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="network_sniffer_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure System is Not Acting as a Network Sniffer</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system should not be acting as a network sniffer, which can
capture all traffic on the network to which it is connected. Run the following
to determine if any interface is running in promiscuous mode:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ip link | grep PROMISC</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-3</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If any results are returned, then a sniffing process (such as tcpdump
or Wireshark) is likely to be using the interface and this should be
investigated.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27152-8</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_sniffer_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="network-kernel">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Kernel Parameters Which Affect Networking</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysctl</html:code> utility is used to set
parameters which affect the operation of the Linux kernel. Kernel parameters
which affect networking and have security implications are described here.
</description>
        <Group id="network_host_parameters">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Network Parameters for Hosts Only</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system is not going to be used as a router, then setting certain
kernel parameters ensure that the host will not perform routing
of network traffic.</description>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Kernel Parameter for Sending ICMP Redirects by Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Sending ICMP redirects permits the system to instruct other systems
to update their routing information.  The ability to send ICMP redirects is
only appropriate for systems acting as routers.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27001-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000080</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "0"
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects to 0 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_send_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Kernel Parameter for Sending ICMP Redirects for All Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5(1)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Sending ICMP redirects permits the system to instruct other systems
to update their routing information.  The ability to send ICMP redirects is
only appropriate for systems acting as routers.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27004-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000081</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "0"
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects to 0 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_send_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Kernel Parameter for IP Forwarding</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.ip_forward</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IP forwarding permits the kernel to forward packets from one network
interface to another. The ability to forward packets between two networks is
only appropriate for systems acting as routers.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26866-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000082</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.ip_forward
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0

#
# If net.ipv4.ip_forward present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "0"
#	else, add "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.ip_forward /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i 's/^net.ipv4.ip_forward.*/net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0/g' /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.ip_forward to 0 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_ip_forward_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="network_host_and_router_parameters">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Network Related Kernel Runtime Parameters for Hosts and Routers</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Certain kernel parameters should be set for systems which are
acting as either hosts or routers to improve the system's ability defend
against certain types of IPv4 protocol attacks.</description>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Trackers could be using source-routed packets to
generate traffic that seems to be intra-net, but actually was
created outside and has been redirected.</description>
            <value>0</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable ICMP Redirect Acceptance</description>
            <value>0</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable to prevent hijacking of routing path by only
allowing redirects from gateways known in routing
table.</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable so you don't Log Spoofed Packets, Source
Routed Packets, Redirect Packets</description>
            <value>0</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable IP source routing?</description>
            <value>0</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable ICMP Redirect Acceptance?</description>
            <value>0</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Log packets with impossible addresses to kernel
log?</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ignore all ICMP ECHO and TIMESTAMP requests sent to it
via broadcast/multicast</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable to prevent unnecessary logging</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable to turn on TCP SYN Cookie
Protection</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable to enforce sanity checking, also called ingress
filtering or egress filtering. The point is to drop a packet if the
source and destination IP addresses in the IP header do not make
sense when considered in light of the physical interface on which
it arrived.</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" operator="equals" type="number">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enables source route verification</description>
            <value>1</value>
            <value selector="enabled">1</value>
            <value selector="disabled">0</value>
          </Value>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Source-Routed Packets for All Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accepting source-routed packets in the IPv4 protocol has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27037-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000083</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_source_route_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting ICMP Redirects for All Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1503</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accepting ICMP redirects has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27027-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000084</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_accept_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Secure Redirects for All Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1503</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accepting "secure" ICMP redirects (from those gateways listed as
default gateways) has few legitimate uses. It should be disabled unless it is
absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26854-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000086</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_secure_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Log Martian Packets</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The presence of "martian" packets (which have impossible addresses)
as well as spoofed packets, source-routed packets, and redirects could be a
sign of nefarious network activity. Logging these packets enables this activity
to be detected.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27066-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000088</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_log_martians_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Source-Routed Packets By Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accepting source-routed packets in the IPv4 protocol has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26983-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000089</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route.*/net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_source_route_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting ICMP Redirects By Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This feature of the IPv4 protocol has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27015-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000091</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_accept_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Secure Redirects By Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accepting "secure" ICMP redirects (from those gateways listed as
default gateways) has few legitimate uses. It should be disabled unless it is
absolutely required.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26831-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000090</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects.*/net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_secure_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Ignore ICMP Broadcast Echo Requests</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ignoring ICMP echo requests (pings) sent to broadcast or multicast
addresses makes the system slightly more difficult to enumerate on the network.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26883-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000092</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=$sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value

#
# If net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts.*/net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts to $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Ignore Bogus ICMP Error Responses</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ignoring bogus ICMP error responses reduces
log size, although some activity would not be logged.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26993-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000093</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses=$sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value

#
# If net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses.*/net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses to $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = $sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Use TCP Syncookies</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5(2)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1092</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1095</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> A TCP SYN flood attack can cause a denial of service by filling a
system's TCP connection table with connections in the SYN_RCVD state.
Syncookies can be used to track a connection when a subsequent ACK is received,
verifying the initiator is attempting a valid connection and is not a flood
source. This feature is activated when a flood condition is detected, and
enables the system to continue servicing valid connection requests.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27053-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000095</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=$sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value

#
# If net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies.*/net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = $sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies to $sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = $sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_tcp_syncookies_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Use Reverse Path Filtering for All Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enabling reverse path filtering drops packets with source addresses
that should not have been able to be received on the interface they were
received on. It should not be used on systems which are routers for
complicated networks, but is helpful for end hosts and routers serving small
networks.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26979-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000096</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter.*/net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_all_rp_filter_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter to Use Reverse Path Filtering by Default</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-7</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enabling reverse path filtering drops packets with source addresses
that should not have been able to be received on the interface they were
received on. It should not be used on systems which are routers for
complicated networks, but is helpful for end hosts and routers serving small
networks.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26915-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000097</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=$sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value

#
# If net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter.*/net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter to $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = $sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_value"/>
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv4_conf_default_rp_filter_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network-wireless">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Wireless Networking</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Wireless networking, such as 802.11
(WiFi) and Bluetooth, can present a security risk to sensitive or
classified systems and networks. Wireless networking hardware is
much more likely to be included in laptop or portable systems than
in desktops or servers. 
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Removal of hardware provides the greatest assurance that the wireless
capability remains disabled. Acquisition policies often include provisions to
prevent the purchase of equipment that will be used in sensitive spaces and
includes wireless capabilities. If it is impractical to remove the wireless
hardware, and policy permits the device to enter sensitive spaces as long
as wireless is disabled, efforts should instead focus on disabling wireless capability
via software.</description>
        <Group id="wireless_software">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Wireless Through Software Configuration</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If it is impossible to remove the wireless hardware
from the device in question, disable as much of it as possible
through software. The following methods can disable software
support for wireless networking, but note that these methods do not
prevent malicious software or careless users from re-activating the
devices.</description>
          <Rule id="wireless_disable_in_bios" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable WiFi or Bluetooth in BIOS</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Some systems that include built-in wireless support offer the
ability to disable the device through the BIOS. This is system-specific;
consult your hardware manual or explore the BIOS setup during
boot.</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disabling wireless support in the BIOS prevents easy
activation of the wireless interface, generally requiring administrators
to reboot the system first.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26878-9</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="wireless_disable_interfaces" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deactivate Wireless Network Interfaces</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deactivating wireless network interfaces should prevent
normal usage of the wireless capability.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
First, identify the interfaces available with the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ifconfig -a</html:pre>
Additionally, the following command may be used to
determine whether wireless support is included for a
particular interface, though this may not always be a clear
indicator:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ iwconfig</html:pre>
After identifying any wireless interfaces (which may have
names like <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">wlan0</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ath0</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">wifi0</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">em1</html:code> or
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">eth0</html:code>), deactivate the interface with the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo ifdown <html:i>interface</html:i></html:pre>
These changes will only last until the next reboot. To
disable the interface for future boots, remove the appropriate
interface file from <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rm /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Wireless networking allows attackers within physical proximity to
launch network-based attacks against systems, including those against local LAN
protocols which were not designed with security in mind.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27057-9</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-wireless_disable_interfaces:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_bluetooth_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Bluetooth Service</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">bluetooth</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig bluetooth off</html:pre>
              <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service bluetooth stop</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disabling the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">bluetooth</html:code> service prevents the system from attempting
connections to Bluetooth devices, which entails some security risk.
Nevertheless, variation in this risk decision may be expected due to the
utility of Bluetooth connectivity and its limited range.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27081-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000331</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_bluetooth_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable bluetooth
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_bluetooth_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service bluetooth
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - bluetooth

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_bluetooth_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_bluetooth_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Bluetooth Kernel Modules</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The kernel's module loading system can be configured to prevent
loading of the Bluetooth module. Add the following to
the appropriate <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code> configuration file
to prevent the loading of the Bluetooth module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">install bluetooth /bin/true</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-18(3)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If Bluetooth functionality must be disabled, preventing the kernel
from loading the kernel module provides an additional safeguard against its
activation.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26763-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000315</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">if grep --silent "^install bluetooth" /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf ; then
        sed -i 's/^install bluetooth.*/install bluetooth /bin/true/g' /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf
else
        echo -e "\n# Disable per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf
        echo "install bluetooth /bin/true" &gt;&gt; /etc/modprobe.d/bluetooth.conf
fi
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'bluetooth' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - bluetooth
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_bluetooth_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network-ipv6">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IPv6</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system includes support for Internet Protocol
version 6. A major and often-mentioned improvement over IPv4 is its
enormous increase in the number of available addresses. Another
important feature is its support for automatic configuration of
many network settings.</description>
        <Group id="disabling_ipv6">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Support for IPv6 Unless Needed</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Despite configuration that suggests support for IPv6 has
been disabled, link-local IPv6 address auto-configuration occurs
even when only an IPv4 address is assigned. The only way to
effectively prevent execution of the IPv6 networking stack is to
instruct the system not to activate the IPv6 kernel module.
</description>
          <Rule id="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable IPv6 Networking Support Automatic Loading</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To prevent the IPv6 kernel module (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ipv6</html:code>) from binding to the
IPv6 networking stack, add the following line to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d/disabled.conf</html:code> (or another file in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">options ipv6 disable=1</html:pre>
This permits the IPv6 module to be loaded (and thus satisfy other modules that
depend on it), while disabling support for the IPv6 protocol.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Any unnecessary network stacks - including IPv6 - should be disabled, to reduce
the vulnerability to exploitation.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27153-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000098</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Prevent the IPv6 kernel module (ipv6) from loading the IPv6 networking stack
echo "options ipv6 disable=1" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/ipv6.conf

# Since according to: https://access.redhat.com/solutions/72733
# "ipv6 disable=1" options doesn't always disable the IPv6 networking stack from
# loading, instruct also sysctl configuration to disable IPv6 according to:
# https://access.redhat.com/solutions/8709#rhel6disable

declare -a IPV6_SETTINGS=("net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6" "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6")

for setting in ${IPV6_SETTINGS[@]}
do
	# Set runtime =1 for setting
	/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w "$setting=1"

	# If setting is present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to "1"
	# else, add "$setting = 1" to /etc/sysctl.conf
	if grep -q ^"$setting" /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
		sed -i "s/^$setting.*/$setting = 1/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
	else
		echo "" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
		echo "# Set $setting = 1 per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
		echo "$setting = 1" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	fi
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_ipv6_option_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="network_ipv6_disable_interfaces" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Interface Usage of IPv6</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To disable interface usage of IPv6, add or correct the following lines in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">NETWORKING_IPV6=no
IPV6INIT=no</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27161-9</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Support for RPC IPv6</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">RPC services for NFSv4 try to load transport modules for
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">udp6</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tcp6</html:code> by default, even if IPv6 has been disabled in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>. To prevent RPC services such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpc.mountd</html:code>
from attempting to start IPv6 network listeners, remove or comment out the
following two lines in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/netconfig</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">udp6       tpi_clts      v     inet6    udp     -       -
tcp6       tpi_cots_ord  v     inet6    tcp     -       -</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27232-8</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="network_ipv6_disable_rpc" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
# Drop 'tcp6' and 'udp6' entries from /etc/netconfig to prevent RPC
# services for NFSv4 from attempting to start IPv6 network listeners
declare -a IPV6_RPC_ENTRIES=("tcp6" "udp6")

for rpc_entry in ${IPV6_RPC_ENTRIES[@]}
do
	sed -i "/^$rpc_entry[[:space:]]\+tpi\_.*inet6.*/d" /etc/netconfig
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_ipv6_disable_rpc:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="configuring_ipv6">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure IPv6 Settings if Necessary</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A major feature of IPv6 is the extent to which systems
implementing it can automatically configure their networking
devices using information from the network. From a security
perspective, manually configuring important configuration
information is preferable to accepting it from the network
in an unauthenticated fashion.</description>
          <Group id="disabling_ipv6_autoconfig">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Automatic Configuration</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the system's acceptance of router
advertisements and redirects by adding or correcting the following
line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network</html:code> (note that this does not disable
sending router solicitations):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IPV6_AUTOCONF=no</html:pre>
</description>
            <Value id="sysconfig_network_IPV6_AUTOCONF_value" operator="equals" type="string">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IPV6_AUTOCONF</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Toggle global IPv6 auto-configuration (only, if global
forwarding is disabled)</description>
              <value>no</value>
              <value selector="enabled">yes</value>
              <value selector="disabled">no</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Trackers could be using source-routed packets to
generate traffic that seems to be intra-net, but actually was
created outside and has been redirected.</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accept default router advertisements by default?</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Accept all router advertisements?</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Toggle ICMP Redirect Acceptance By Default</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Toggle ICMP Redirect Acceptance</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Trackers could be using source-routed packets to
generate traffic that seems to be intra-net, but actually was
created outside and has been redirected.</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Value id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding_value" operator="equals" type="number">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Toggle IPv6 Forwarding</description>
              <value>0</value>
              <value selector="enabled">1</value>
              <value selector="disabled">0</value>
            </Value>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Source-Routed Packets for All Interfaces</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers
forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can
be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the
forwarding of source-routerd traffic, such as when IPv6 forwarding is enabled and
the system is functioning as a router.

Accepting source-routed packets in the IPv6 protocol has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_source_route_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Accepting IPv6 Router Advertisements</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <reference href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.1.0.pdf">4.4.1.1</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An illicit router advertisement message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_ra_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Accepting IPv6 Router Advertisements</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <reference href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.1.0.pdf">4.4.1.1</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An illicit router advertisement message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27164-3</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra=$sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value

#
# If net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra.*/net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra to $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_ra_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Accepting IPv6 Redirects By Default</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
              <reference href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.1.0.pdf">4.4.1.2</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An illicit ICMP redirect message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_accept_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Accepting IPv6 Redirects By Default</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1551</reference>
              <reference href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.1.0.pdf">4.4.1.2</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
An illicit ICMP redirect message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27166-8</ident>
              <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000099</ident>
              <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">
sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value="<sub idref="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value"/>"

#
# Set runtime for net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects
#
/sbin/sysctl -q -n -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects=$sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value

#
# If net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects present in /etc/sysctl.conf, change value to appropriate value
#	else, add "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = value" to /etc/sysctl.conf
#
if grep --silent ^net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects /etc/sysctl.conf ; then
	sed -i "s/^net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects.*/net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value/g" /etc/sysctl.conf
else
	echo -e "\n# Set net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects to $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
	echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = $sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf
fi
</fix>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_redirects_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Kernel Parameter for Accepting Source-Routed Packets for Interfaces By Default</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers
forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can
be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the
forwarding of source-routerd traffic, such as when IPv6 forwarding is enabled and
the system is functioning as a router.

Accepting source-routed packets in the IPv6 protocol has few legitimate
uses. It should be disabled unless it is absolutely required.</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_default_accept_source_route_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding" selected="false" severity="medium">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Kernel Parameter for IPv6 Forwarding</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
                
    To set the runtime status of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding</html:code> kernel parameter,
    run the following command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0</html:pre>
    If this is not the system's default value, add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 0</html:pre>
              </description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-5</reference>
              <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
              <reference href="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/tools2/linux/CIS_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux_6_Benchmark_v1.1.0.pdf">4.1.1</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IP forwarding permits the kernel to forward packets from one network
interface to another. The ability to forward packets between two networks is
only appropriate for systems acting as routers.</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding_value:var:1" value-id="sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding_value"/>
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
              <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
                <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysctl_net_ipv6_conf_all_forwarding_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
          <Rule id="network_ipv6_static_address" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Manually Assign Global IPv6 Address</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To manually assign an IP address for an interface, edit the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:code>. Add or correct the
following line (substituting the correct IPv6 address):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IPV6ADDR=2001:0DB8::ABCD/64</html:pre>
Manually assigning an IP address is preferable to accepting one from routers or
from the network otherwise. The example address here is an IPv6 address
reserved for documentation purposes, as defined by RFC3849.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27233-6</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_ipv6_static_address:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="network_ipv6_privacy_extensions" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Privacy Extensions for Address</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To introduce randomness into the automatic generation of IPv6
addresses, add or correct the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IPV6_PRIVACY=rfc3041</html:pre>
Automatically-generated IPv6 addresses are based on the underlying hardware
(e.g. Ethernet) address, and so it becomes possible to track a piece of
hardware over its lifetime using its traffic. If it is important for a system's
IP address to not trivially reveal its hardware address, this setting should be
applied.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27154-4</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_ipv6_privacy_extensions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="network_ipv6_default_gateway" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Manually Assign IPv6 Router Address</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit the file
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:code>, and add or correct
the following line (substituting your gateway IP as appropriate):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2001:0DB8::0001</html:pre>
Router addresses should be manually set and not accepted via any
auto-configuration or router advertisement.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-6(b)</reference>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27234-4</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-network_ipv6_default_gateway:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Group id="network_ipv6_limit_requests">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit Network-Transmitted Configuration if Using Static IPv6 Addresses</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To limit the configuration information requested from other
systems and accepted from the network on a system that uses
statically-configured IPv6 addresses, add the following lines to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysctl.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net.ipv6.conf.default.router_solicitations = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_rtr_pref = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_pinfo = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra_defrtr = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.autoconf = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.dad_transmits = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.max_addresses = 1</html:pre>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">router_solicitations</html:code> setting determines how many router
solicitations are sent when bringing up the interface. If addresses are
statically assigned, there is no need to send any solicitations.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">accept_ra_pinfo</html:code> setting controls whether the system will accept
prefix info from the router.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">accept_ra_defrtr</html:code> setting controls whether the system will accept
Hop Limit settings from a router advertisement. Setting it to 0 prevents a
router from changing your default IPv6 Hop Limit for outgoing packets.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">autoconf</html:code> setting controls whether router advertisements can cause
the system to assign a global unicast address to an interface.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dad_transmits</html:code> setting determines how many neighbor solicitations
to send out per address (global and link-local) when bringing up an interface
to ensure the desired address is unique on the network.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">max_addresses</html:code> setting determines how many global unicast IPv6
addresses can be assigned to each interface.  The default is 16, but it should
be set to exactly the number of statically configured global addresses
required.
</description>
          </Group>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network-iptables">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">iptables and ip6tables</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A host-based firewall called <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netfilter</html:code> is included as
part of the Linux kernel distributed with the system. It is
activated by default. This firewall is controlled by the program
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code>, and the entire capability is frequently referred to by
this name. An analogous program called <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> handles filtering
for IPv6.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Unlike TCP Wrappers, which depends on the network server
program to support and respect the rules written, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netfilter</html:code>
filtering occurs at the kernel level, before a program can even
process the data from the network packet. As such, any program on
the system is affected by the rules written.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
This section provides basic information about strengthening
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> configurations included with the system.
For more complete information that may allow the construction of a
sophisticated ruleset tailored to your environment, please consult
the references at the end of this section.</description>
        <Group id="iptables_activation">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Inspect and Activate Default Rules</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">View the currently-enforced <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> rules by running
the command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo iptables -nL --line-numbers</html:pre>
The command is analogous for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If the firewall does not appear to be active (i.e., no rules
appear), activate it and ensure that it starts at boot by issuing
the following commands (and analogously for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code>):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service iptables restart</html:pre>
The default iptables rules are:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source       destination
1    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0    state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 
2    ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0
3    ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0
4    ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0    state NEW tcp dpt:22 
5    REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0    reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source       destination
1    REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0    0.0.0.0/0    reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source       destination</html:pre>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> default rules are essentially the same.</description>
          <Rule id="service_ip6tables_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify ip6tables Enabled if Using IPv6</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 ip6tables on</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CA-3(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">66</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1115</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1118</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1092</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1117</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1098</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1100</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1097</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1414</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> service provides the system's host-based firewalling
capability for IPv6 and ICMPv6.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27006-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000103</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_ip6tables_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable ip6tables
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_ip6tables_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service ip6tables
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - ip6tables

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_ip6tables_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_ip6tables_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="set_ip6tables_default_rule" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Default ip6tables Policy for Incoming Packets</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for
the built-in INPUT chain which processes incoming packets,
add or correct the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">:INPUT DROP [0:0]</html:pre>
If changes were required, reload the ip6tables rules:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service ip6tables reload</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">66</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code>, the default policy is applied only after all
the applicable rules in the table are examined for a match. Setting the
default policy to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DROP</html:code> implements proper design for a firewall, i.e.
any packets which are not explicitly permitted should not be
accepted.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27317-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000523</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="set_ip6tables_default_rule" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i 's/^:INPUT ACCEPT.*/:INPUT DROP [0:0]/g' /etc/sysconfig/ip6tables
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_ip6tables_default_rule:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_ip6tables_default_rule_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_iptables_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Verify iptables Enabled</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 iptables on</html:pre>
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CA-3(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">32</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">66</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1115</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1118</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1092</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1117</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1098</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1100</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1097</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1414</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> service provides the system's host-based firewalling
capability for IPv4 and ICMP.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27018-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000117</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_iptables_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable iptables
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_iptables_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service iptables
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - iptables

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_iptables_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_iptables_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="ruleset_modifications">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Strengthen the Default Ruleset</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default rules can be strengthened. The system
scripts that activate the firewall rules expect them to be defined
in the configuration files <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip6tables</html:code> in the directory
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig</html:code>. Many of the lines in these files are similar
to the command line arguments that would be provided to the programs
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/sbin/iptables</html:code> or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/sbin/ip6tables</html:code> - but some are quite
different.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The following recommendations describe how to strengthen the
default ruleset configuration file. An alternative to editing this
configuration file is to create a shell script that makes calls to
the iptables program to load in rules, and then invokes service
iptables save to write those loaded rules to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables.</html:code>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The following alterations can be made directly to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code>.
Instructions apply to both unless otherwise noted. Language and address
conventions for regular iptables are used throughout this section;
configuration for ip6tables will be either analogous or explicitly
covered.</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The program <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">system-config-securitylevel</html:code>
allows additional services to penetrate the default firewall rules
and automatically adjusts <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code>. This program
is only useful if the default ruleset meets your security
requirements. Otherwise, this program should not be used to make
changes to the firewall configuration because it re-writes the
saved configuration file.</warning>
          <Rule id="set_iptables_default_rule" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Default iptables Policy for Incoming Packets</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for
the built-in INPUT chain which processes incoming packets,
add or correct the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">:INPUT DROP [0:0]</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">66</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1109</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1154</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1414</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> the default policy is applied only after all
the applicable rules in the table are examined for a match. Setting the
default policy to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DROP</html:code> implements proper design for a firewall, i.e.
any packets which are not explicitly permitted should not be
accepted.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26444-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000120</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="set_iptables_default_rule" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i 's/^:INPUT ACCEPT.*/:INPUT DROP [0:0]/g' /etc/sysconfig/iptables
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_iptables_default_rule:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_iptables_default_rule_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Default iptables Policy for Forwarded Packets</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To set the default policy to DROP (instead of ACCEPT) for
the built-in FORWARD chain which processes packets that will be forwarded from
one interface to another,
add or correct the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">:FORWARD DROP [0:0]</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1109</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code>, the default policy is applied only after all
the applicable rules in the table are examined for a match. Setting the
default policy to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DROP</html:code> implements proper design for a firewall, i.e.
any packets which are not explicitly permitted should not be
accepted.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27186-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000320</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="set_iptables_default_rule_forward" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">sed -i 's/^:FORWARD ACCEPT.*/:FORWARD DROP [0:0]/g' /etc/sysconfig/iptables
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-set_iptables_default_rule_forward:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-set_iptables_default_rule_forward_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Group id="iptables_icmp_disabled">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict ICMP Message Types</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code>, the accepted ICMP messages
types can be restricted. To accept only ICMP echo reply, destination
unreachable, and time exceeded messages, remove the line:<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
and insert the lines:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
To allow the system to respond to pings, also insert the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
Ping responses can also be limited to certain networks or hosts by using the -s
option in the previous rule.  Because IPv6 depends so heavily on ICMPv6, it is
preferable to deny the ICMPv6 packets you know you don't need (e.g. ping
requests) in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code>, while letting everything else
through:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type echo-request -j DROP</html:pre>
If you are going to statically configure the machine's address, it should
ignore Router Advertisements which could add another IPv6 address to the
interface or alter important network settings:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type router-advertisement -j DROP</html:pre>
Restricting ICMPv6 message types in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code> is not
recommended because the operation of IPv6 depends heavily on ICMPv6. Thus, great
care must be taken if any other ICMPv6 types are blocked.
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restricting ICMP messages may make a system slightly less
discoverable to an unsophisticated attacker but is not appropriate for many
general-purpose use cases and can also make troubleshooting more difficult.
</rationale>
          </Group>
          <Group id="iptables_log_and_drop_suspicious">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Log and Drop Packets with Suspicious Source Addresses</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Packets with non-routable source addresses should be rejected, as they may indicate spoofing. Because the
modified policy will reject non-matching packets, you only need to add these rules if you are interested in also
logging these spoofing or suspicious attempts before they are dropped. If you do choose to log various suspicious
traffic, add identical rules with a target of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DROP</html:code> after each <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOG</html:i>.
To log and then drop these IPv4 packets, insert the following rules in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> (excepting
any that are intentionally used):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP SPOOF A: "
-A INPUT -s 172.16.0.0/12 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP SPOOF B: "
-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/16 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP SPOOF C: "
-A INPUT -s 224.0.0.0/4 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP MULTICAST D: "
-A INPUT -s 240.0.0.0/5 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP SPOOF E: "
-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP LOOPBACK: "</html:pre>
Similarly, you might wish to log packets containing some IPv6 reserved addresses if they are not expected
on your network:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -i eth0 -s ::1 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 DROP LOOPBACK: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:E000::/20 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:7F00::/24 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:0000::/24 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:FF00::/24 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:0A00::/24 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:AC10::/28 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "
-A INPUT -s 2002:C0A8::/32 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 TRAFFIC: "</html:pre>
If you are not expecting to see site-local multicast or auto-tunneled traffic, you can log those:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s FF05::/16 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 SITE-LOCAL MULTICAST: "
-A INPUT -s ::0.0.0.0/96 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv4 COMPATIBLE IPv6 ADDR: "</html:pre>
If you wish to block multicasts to all link-local nodes (e.g. if you are not using router auto-configuration and
do not plan to have any services that multicast to the entire local network), you can block the link-local
all-nodes multicast address (before accepting incoming ICMPv6):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -d FF02::1 -j LOG --log-prefix "Link-local All-Nodes Multicast: "</html:pre>
However, if you're going to allow IPv4 compatible IPv6 addresses (of the form ::0.0.0.0/96), you should
then consider logging the non-routable IPv4-compatible addresses:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s ::0.0.0.0/104 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP NON-ROUTABLE ADDR: "
-A INPUT -s ::127.0.0.0/104 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP LOOPBACK: "
-A INPUT -s ::224.0.0.0.0/100 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP DROP MULTICAST D: "
-A INPUT -s ::255.0.0.0/104 -j LOG --log-prefix "IP BROADCAST: "</html:pre>
If you are not expecting to see any IPv4 (or IPv4-compatible) traffic on your network, consider logging it before it gets dropped:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s ::FFFF:0.0.0.0/96 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv4 MAPPED IPv6 ADDR: "
-A INPUT -s 2002::/16 -j LOG --log-prefix "IPv6 6to4 ADDR: "</html:pre>
The following rule will log all traffic originating from a site-local address, which is deprecated address space:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s FEC0::/10 -j LOG --log-prefix "SITE-LOCAL ADDRESS TRAFFIC: "</html:pre>
</description>
          </Group>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network_ssl">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Transport Layer Security Support</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Support for Transport Layer Security (TLS), and its predecessor, the Secure
Sockets Layer (SSL), is included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux in the OpenSSL software (RPM package
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openssl</html:code>).  TLS provides encrypted and authenticated network
communications, and many network services include support for it.  TLS or SSL
can be leveraged to avoid any plaintext transmission of sensitive data.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For information on how to use OpenSSL, see
<html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/HOWTO/">http://www.openssl.org/docs/HOWTO/</html:a></html:b>.  Information on FIPS validation
of OpenSSL is available at <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/fips/fipsvalidation.html">http://www.openssl.org/docs/fips/fipsvalidation.html</html:a></html:b>
and <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/140val-all.htm">http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/140val-all.htm</html:a></html:b>.

</description>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network-uncommon">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uncommon Network Protocols</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system includes support for several network
protocols which are not commonly used. Although security vulnerabilities 
in kernel networking code are not frequently
discovered, the consequences can be dramatic. Ensuring uncommon
network protocols are disabled reduces the system's risk to attacks
targeted at its implementation of those protocols.</description>
        <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Although these protocols are not commonly used, avoid disruption
in your network environment by ensuring they are not needed
prior to disabling them.
</warning>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DCCP Support</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a
relatively new transport layer protocol, designed to support
streaming media and telephony.

To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dccp</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install dccp /bin/true</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling DCCP protects
the system against exploitation of any flaws in its implementation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26448-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000124</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install dccp /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/dccp.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_dccp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'dccp' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - dccp
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_dccp_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_dccp_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SCTP Support</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a
transport layer protocol, designed to support the idea of
message-oriented communication, with several streams of messages
within one connection.

To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sctp</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install sctp /bin/true</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling SCTP protects
the system against exploitation of any flaws in its implementation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26410-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000125</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install sctp /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/sctp.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_sctp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'sctp' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - sctp
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_sctp_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_sctp_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_rds_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable RDS Support</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Reliable Datagram Sockets (RDS) protocol is a transport
layer protocol designed to provide reliable high- bandwidth,
low-latency communications between nodes in a cluster.

To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rds</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install rds /bin/true</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling RDS protects
the system against exploitation of any flaws in its implementation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26239-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000126</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_rds_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install rds /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/rds.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_rds_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'rds' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - rds
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_rds_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_rds_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable TIPC Support</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Transparent Inter-Process Communication (TIPC) protocol
is designed to provide communications between nodes in a
cluster.

To configure the system to prevent the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tipc</html:code>
kernel module from being loaded, add the following line to a file in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/modprobe.d</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">install tipc /bin/true</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling TIPC protects
the system against exploitation of any flaws in its implementation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26696-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000127</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">echo "install tipc /bin/true" &gt; /etc/modprobe.d/tipc.conf
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="kernel_module_tipc_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="medium" reboot="true" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure kernel module 'tipc' is disabled
  lineinfile:
    create=yes
    dest="/etc/modprobe.d/{{item}}.conf"
    regexp="{{item}}"
    line="install {{item}} /bin/true"
  with_items:
    - tipc
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-kernel_module_tipc_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-kernel_module_tipc_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="network-ipsec">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IPSec Support</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Support for Internet Protocol Security (IPsec)
is provided in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 with openswan
and libreswan packages respectively.
</description>
        <Rule id="package_openswan_installed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install openswan or libreswan Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The openswan and libreswan packages provide an implementation of
IPsec and IKE, which permits the creation of secure tunnels over untrusted
networks.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openswan</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install openswan</html:pre>

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">libreswan</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install libreswan</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MA-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-8</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1130</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1131</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Providing the ability for remote users or systems
to initiate a secure VPN connection protects information when it is
transmitted over a wide area network.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27626-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000321</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_openswan_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install openswan
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_openswan_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure openswan is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - openswan
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_openswan_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_openswan

class install_openswan {
  package { 'openswan':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_openswan_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=openswan
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_openswan_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_openswan_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="logging">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Syslog</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The syslog service has been the default Unix logging mechanism for
many years. It has a number of downsides, including inconsistent log format,
lack of authentication for received messages, and lack of authentication,
encryption, or reliable transport for messages sent over a network. However,
due to its long history, syslog is a de facto standard which is supported by
almost all Unix applications.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, rsyslog has replaced ksyslogd as the
syslog daemon of choice, and it includes some additional security features
such as reliable, connection-oriented (i.e. TCP) transmission of logs, the
option to log to database formats, and the encryption of log data en route to
a central logging server.
This section discusses how to configure rsyslog for
best effect, and how to use tools provided with the system to maintain and
monitor logs.</description>
      <Rule id="package_rsyslog_installed" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure rsyslog is Installed</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Rsyslog is installed by default. 

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install rsyslog</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9(2)</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1311</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1312</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The rsyslog package provides the rsyslog daemon, which provides
system logging services.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26809-4</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_rsyslog_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install rsyslog
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_rsyslog_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure rsyslog is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - rsyslog
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_rsyslog_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_rsyslog

class install_rsyslog {
  package { 'rsyslog':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_rsyslog_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=rsyslog
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_rsyslog_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_rsyslog_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_rsyslog_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable rsyslog Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> service provides syslog-style logging by default on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 rsyslog on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1557</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1312</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1311</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> service must be running in order to provide
logging services, which are essential to system administration.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26807-8</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rsyslog_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable rsyslog
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rsyslog_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service rsyslog
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - rsyslog

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rsyslog_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rsyslog_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="ensure_rsyslog_log_file_configuration">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Proper Configuration of Log Files</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> controls where log message are written.
These are controlled by lines called <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rules</html:i>, which consist of a
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">selector</html:i> and an <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">action</html:i>.
These rules are often customized depending on the role of the system, the
requirements of the environment, and whatever may enable
the administrator to most effectively make use of log data.
The default rules in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 are:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none                /var/log/messages
authpriv.*                                              /var/log/secure
mail.*                                                  -/var/log/maillog
cron.*                                                  /var/log/cron
*.emerg                                                 *
uucp,news.crit                                          /var/log/spooler
local7.*                                                /var/log/boot.log</html:pre>
See the man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog.conf(5)</html:code> for more information.
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Note that the <html:code>rsyslog</html:code> daemon can be configured to use a timestamp format that
some log processing programs may not understand. If this occurs, 
edit the file <html:code>/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> and add or edit the following line:</html:i>
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat</html:pre>
</description>
        <Value id="file_owner_logfiles_value" operator="equals" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">User who owns log files</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify user owner of all logfiles specified in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>.</description>
          <value selector="root">root</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="file_groupowner_logfiles_value" operator="equals" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">group who owns log files</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify group owner of all logfiles specified in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf.</html:code></description>
          <value selector="root">root</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_files_ownership" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate User</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The owner of all log files written by
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> should be root.
These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> and typically all appear in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code>.
For each log file <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOGFILE</html:i> referenced in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>,
run the following command to inspect the file's owner:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ls -l <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
If the owner is not <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code>, run the following command to
correct this:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1314</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The log files generated by rsyslog contain valuable information regarding system
configuration, user authentication, and other such information. Log files should be
protected from unauthorized access.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26812-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000133</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rsyslog_files_ownership:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rsyslog_files_ownership_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_files_groupownership" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Log Files Are Owned By Appropriate Group</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The group-owner of all log files written by
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> should be root.
These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> and typically all appear in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code>.
For each log file <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOGFILE</html:i> referenced in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>,
run the following command to inspect the file's group owner:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ls -l <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
If the owner is not <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code>, run the following command to
correct this:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chgrp root <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1314</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The log files generated by rsyslog contain valuable information regarding system
configuration, user authentication, and other such information. Log files should be
protected from unauthorized access.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26821-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000134</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rsyslog_files_groupownership:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rsyslog_files_groupownership_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_files_permissions" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure System Log Files Have Correct Permissions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The file permissions for all log files written by
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> should be set to 600, or more restrictive.
These log files are determined by the second part of each Rule line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> and typically all appear in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code>. 
For each log file <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOGFILE</html:i> referenced in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>,
run the following command to inspect the file's permissions:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ ls -l <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
If the permissions are not 600 or more restrictive,
run the following command to correct this:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 0600 <html:i>LOGFILE</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1314</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Log files can contain valuable information regarding system
configuration. If the system log files are not protected unauthorized
users could change the logged data, eliminating their forensic value.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27190-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000135</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="rsyslog_files_permissions" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
# List of log file paths to be inspected for correct permissions
# * Primarily inspect log file paths listed in /etc/rsyslog.conf
RSYSLOG_ETC_CONFIG="/etc/rsyslog.conf"
# * And also the log file paths listed after rsyslog's $IncludeConfig directive
#   (store the result into array for the case there's shell glob used as value of IncludeConfig)
RSYSLOG_INCLUDE_CONFIG=($(grep -e "\$IncludeConfig[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:];]\+" /etc/rsyslog.conf | cut -d ' ' -f 2))
# Declare an array to hold the final list of different log file paths
declare -a LOG_FILE_PATHS

# Browse each file selected above as containing paths of log files
# ('/etc/rsyslog.conf' and '/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf' in the default configuration)
for LOG_FILE in "${RSYSLOG_ETC_CONFIG}" "${RSYSLOG_INCLUDE_CONFIG[@]}"
do
	# From each of these files extract just particular log file path(s), thus:
	# * Ignore lines starting with space (' '), comment ('#"), or variable syntax ('$') characters,
	# * Ignore empty lines,
	# * From the remaining valid rows select only fields constituting a log file path
	# Text file column is understood to represent a log file path if and only if all of the following are met:
	# * it contains at least one slash '/' character,
	# * it doesn't contain space (' '), colon (':'), and semicolon (';') characters
	# Search log file for path(s) only in case it exists!
	if [[ -f "${LOG_FILE}" ]]
	then
		MATCHED_ITEMS=$(sed -e "/^[[:space:]|#|$]/d ; s/[^\/]*[[:space:]]*\([^:;[:space:]]*\)/\1/g ; /^$/d" "${LOG_FILE}")
		# Since above sed command might return more than one item (delimited by newline), split the particular
		# matches entries into new array specific for this log file
		readarray -t ARRAY_FOR_LOG_FILE &lt;&lt;&lt; "$MATCHED_ITEMS"
		# Concatenate the two arrays - previous content of $LOG_FILE_PATHS array with
		# items from newly created array for this log file
		LOG_FILE_PATHS=("${LOG_FILE_PATHS[@]}" "${ARRAY_FOR_LOG_FILE[@]}")
		# Delete the temporary array
		unset ARRAY_FOR_LOG_FILE
	fi
done

for PATH in "${LOG_FILE_PATHS[@]}"
do
	# Sanity check - if particular $PATH is empty string, skip it from further processing
	if [ -z "$PATH" ]
	then
		continue
	fi
	# Per https://access.redhat.com/solutions/66805 '/var/log/boot.log' log file needs special care =&gt; perform it
	if [ "$PATH" == "/var/log/boot.log" ]
	then
		# Ensure permissions of /var/log/boot.log are configured to be updated in /etc/rc.local
		if ! /bin/grep -q "boot.log" "/etc/rc.local"
		then
			echo "/bin/chmod 600 /var/log/boot.log" &gt;&gt; /etc/rc.local
		fi
		# Ensure /etc/rc.d/rc.local has user-executable permission
		# (in order to be actually executed during boot)
		if [ "$(/usr/bin/stat -c %a /etc/rc.d/rc.local)" -ne 744 ]
		then
			/bin/chmod u+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
		fi
	fi
	# Also for each log file check if its permissions differ from 600. If so, correct them
	if [ "$(/usr/bin/stat -c %a "$PATH")" -ne 600 ]
	then
		/bin/chmod 600 "$PATH"
	fi
done
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rsyslog_files_permissions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rsyslog_files_permissions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="rsyslog_sending_messages">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Rsyslog Logs Sent To Remote Host</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If system logs are to be useful in detecting malicious
activities, it is necessary to send logs to a remote server. An
intruder who has compromised the root account on a machine may
delete the log entries which indicate that the system was attacked
before they are seen by an administrator.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
However, it is recommended that logs be stored on the local
host in addition to being sent to the loghost, especially if
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> has been configured to use the UDP protocol to send
messages over a network. UDP does not guarantee reliable delivery,
and moderately busy sites will lose log messages occasionally,
especially in periods of high traffic which may be the result of an
attack. In addition, remote <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> messages are not
authenticated in any way by default, so it is easy for an attacker to
introduce spurious messages to the central log server. Also, some
problems cause loss of network connectivity, which will prevent the
sending of messages to the central server. For all of these reasons, it is
better to store log messages both centrally and on each host, so
that they can be correlated if necessary.</description>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_remote_loghost" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Logs Sent To Remote Host</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure rsyslog to send logs to a remote log server,
open <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> and read and understand the last section of the file,
which describes the multiple directives necessary to activate remote
logging.
Along with these other directives, the system can be configured
to forward its logs to a particular log server by
adding or correcting one of the following lines,
substituting <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>loghost.example.com</html:i></html:code> appropriately.
The choice of protocol depends on the environment of the system; 
although TCP and RELP provide more reliable message delivery, 
they may not be supported in all environments.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To use UDP for log message delivery:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">*.* @<html:i>loghost.example.com</html:i></html:pre>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To use TCP for log message delivery:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">*.* @@<html:i>loghost.example.com</html:i></html:pre>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To use RELP for log message delivery:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">*.* :omrelp:<html:i>loghost.example.com</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-3(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1348</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">136</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A log server (loghost) receives syslog messages from one or more
systems. This data can be used as an additional log source in the event a
system is compromised and its local logs are suspect. Forwarding log messages
to a remote loghost also provides system administrators with a centralized
place to view the status of multiple hosts within the enterprise.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26801-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000136</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rsyslog_remote_loghost:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-rsyslog_remote_loghost_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="rsyslog_accepting_remote_messages">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure rsyslogd to Accept Remote Messages If Acting as a Log Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> does not listen over the network
for log messages. If needed, modules can be enabled to allow
the rsyslog daemon to receive messages from other systems and for the system
thus to act as a log server.
If the machine is not a log server, then lines concerning these modules
should remain commented out.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
</description>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_nolisten" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure rsyslog Does Not Accept Remote Messages Unless Acting As Log Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> daemon should not accept remote messages
unless the system acts as a log server.
To ensure that it is not listening on the network, ensure the following lines are
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">not</html:i> found in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ModLoad imtcp
$InputTCPServerRun <html:i>port</html:i>
$ModLoad imudp
$UDPServerRun <html:i>port</html:i>
$ModLoad imrelp
$InputRELPServerRun <html:i>port</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Any process which receives messages from the network incurs some risk
of receiving malicious messages. This risk can be eliminated for
rsyslog by configuring it not to listen on the network.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26803-7</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-rsyslog_nolisten:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_listen_tcp" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable rsyslog to Accept Messages via TCP, if Acting As Log Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> daemon should not accept remote messages
unless the system acts as a log server.
If the system needs to act as a central log server, add the following lines to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> to enable reception of messages over TCP:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ModLoad imtcp
$InputTCPServerRun 514</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If the system needs to act as a log server, this ensures that it can receive
messages over a reliable TCP connection.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27235-1</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="rsyslog_accept_remote_messages_udp" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable rsyslog to Accept Messages via UDP, if Acting As Log Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsyslog</html:code> daemon should not accept remote messages
unless the system acts as a log server.
If the system needs to act as a central log server, add the following lines to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code> to enable reception of messages over UDP:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ModLoad imudp
$UDPServerRun 514</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Many devices, such as switches, routers, and other Unix-like systems, may only support
the traditional syslog transmission over UDP. If the system must act as a log server,
this enables it to receive their messages as well.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27236-9</ident>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="log_rotation">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure All Logs are Rotated by logrotate</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</html:code>. Find the first
line, which should look like this (wrapped for clarity):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/messages /var/log/secure /var/log/maillog /var/log/spooler \
  /var/log/boot.log /var/log/cron {</html:pre>
Edit this line so that it contains a one-space-separated
listing of each log file referenced in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
All logs in use on a system must be rotated regularly, or the
log files will consume disk space over time, eventually interfering
with system operation. The file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logrotate.d/syslog</html:code> is the
configuration file used by the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">logrotate</html:code> program to maintain all
log files written by <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">syslog</html:code>. By default, it rotates logs weekly and
stores four archival copies of each log. These settings can be
modified by editing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logrotate.conf</html:code>, but the defaults are
sufficient for purposes of this guide.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Note that <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">logrotate</html:code> is run nightly by the cron job
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/cron.daily/logrotate</html:code>. If particularly active logs need to be
rotated more often than once a day, some other mechanism must be
used.</description>
        <Rule id="ensure_logrotate_activated" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Logrotate Runs Periodically</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">logrotate</html:code> utility allows for the automatic rotation of 
log files.  The frequency of rotation is specified in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logrotate.conf</html:code>, 
which triggers a cron task.  To configure logrotate to run daily, add or correct 
the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logrotate.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># rotate log files <html:i>frequency</html:i>
daily</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Log files that are not properly rotated run the risk of growing so large
that they fill up the /var/log partition. Valuable logging information could be lost
if the /var/log partition becomes full.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27014-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000138</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ensure_logrotate_activated:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ensure_logrotate_activated_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="configure_logwatch_on_logserver">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Configure Logwatch on the Central Log Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
Is this machine the central log server? If so, edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/logwatch/conf/logwatch.conf</html:code> as shown below.
</description>
        <Rule id="logwatch_configured_hostlimit" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Logwatch HostLimit Line</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> On a central logserver, you want Logwatch to summarize all syslog entries, including those which did not originate 
on the logserver itself. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">HostLimit</html:code> setting tells Logwatch to report on all hosts, not just the one on which it 
is running. 
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> HostLimit = no </html:pre> </description>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27197-3</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-logwatch_configured_hostlimit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="logwatch_configured_splithosts" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Logwatch SplitHosts Line</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SplitHosts</html:code> is set, Logwatch will separate entries by hostname. This makes the report longer but significantly 
more usable. If it is not set, then Logwatch will not report which host generated a given log entry, and that 
information is almost always necessary
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> SplitHosts = yes </html:pre> </description>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27069-4</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-logwatch_configured_splithosts:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Rule id="disable_logwatch_for_logserver" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Disable Logwatch on Clients if a Logserver Exists</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
Does your site have a central logserver which has been configured to report on logs received from all systems? 
If so:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
$ sudo rm /etc/cron.daily/0logwatch 
</html:pre>
If no logserver exists, it will be necessary for each machine to run Logwatch individually. Using a central 
logserver provides the security and reliability benefits discussed earlier, and also makes monitoring logs easier 
and less time-intensive for administrators.</description>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27162-7</ident>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="auditing">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System Accounting with auditd</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The audit service provides substantial capabilities
for recording system activities. By default, the service audits about
SELinux AVC denials and certain types of security-relevant events
such as system logins, account modifications, and authentication
events performed by programs such as sudo.
Under its default configuration, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> has modest disk space
requirements, and should not noticeably impact system performance.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Government networks often have substantial auditing
requirements and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> can be configured to meet these
requirements.
Examining some example audit records demonstrates how the Linux audit system
satisfies common requirements.  
The following example from Fedora Documentation available at 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Security-Enhanced_Linux/sect-Security-Enhanced_Linux-Fixing_Problems-Raw_Audit_Messages.html">http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Security-Enhanced_Linux/sect-Security-Enhanced_Linux-Fixing_Problems-Raw_Audit_Messages.html</html:a></html:code>
shows the substantial amount of information captured in a
two typical "raw" audit messages, followed by a breakdown of the most important
fields. In this example the message is SELinux-related and reports an AVC
denial (and the associated system call) that occurred when the Apache HTTP
Server attempted to access the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/www/html/file1</html:code> file (labeled with
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba_share_t</html:code> type):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">type=AVC msg=audit(1226874073.147:96): avc:  denied  { getattr } for pid=2465 comm="httpd"
path="/var/www/html/file1" dev=dm-0 ino=284133 scontext=unconfined_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 
tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0 tclass=file

type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1226874073.147:96): arch=40000003 syscall=196 success=no exit=-13 
a0=b98df198 a1=bfec85dc a2=54dff4 a3=2008171 items=0 ppid=2463 pid=2465 auid=502 uid=48
gid=48 euid=48 suid=48 fsuid=48 egid=48 sgid=48 fsgid=48 tty=(none) ses=6 comm="httpd"
exe="/usr/sbin/httpd" subj=unconfined_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 key=(null)
</html:pre>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:code>msg=audit(1226874073.147:96)</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The number in parentheses is the unformatted time stamp (Epoch time)
for the event, which can be converted to standard time by using the
<html:code>date</html:code> command.
</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li><html:code>{ getattr }</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The item in braces indicates the permission that was denied. <html:code>getattr</html:code>
indicates the source process was trying to read the target file's status information.
This occurs before reading files. This action is denied due to the file being
accessed having the wrong label. Commonly seen permissions include <html:code>getattr</html:code>,
<html:code>read</html:code>, and <html:code>write</html:code>.</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li><html:code>comm="httpd"</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The executable that launched the process. The full path of the executable is
found in the <html:code>exe=</html:code> section of the system call (<html:code>SYSCALL</html:code>) message,
which in this case, is <html:code>exe="/usr/sbin/httpd"</html:code>.
</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li><html:code>path="/var/www/html/file1"</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The path to the object (target) the process attempted to access.
</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li><html:code>scontext="unconfined_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0"</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The SELinux context of the process that attempted the denied action. In
this case, it is the SELinux context of the Apache HTTP Server, which is running
in the <html:code>httpd_t</html:code> domain.
</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li><html:code>tcontext="unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0"</html:code><html:ul><html:li>The SELinux context of the object (target) the process attempted to access.
In this case, it is the SELinux context of <html:code>file1</html:code>. Note: the <html:code>samba_share_t</html:code>
type is not accessible to processes running in the <html:code>httpd_t</html:code> domain.</html:li></html:ul></html:li><html:li> From the system call (<html:code>SYSCALL</html:code>) message, two items are of interest:
<html:ul><html:li><html:code>success=no</html:code>: indicates whether the denial (AVC) was enforced or not.
<html:code>success=no</html:code> indicates the system call was not successful (SELinux denied
access). <html:code>success=yes</html:code> indicates the system call was successful - this can
be seen for permissive domains or unconfined domains, such as <html:code>initrc_t</html:code>
and <html:code>kernel_t</html:code>.
</html:li><html:li><html:code>exe="/usr/sbin/httpd"</html:code>: the full path to the executable that launched
the process, which in this case, is <html:code>exe="/usr/sbin/httpd"</html:code>.
</html:li></html:ul>
</html:li></html:ul>
</description>
      <Rule id="service_auditd_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable auditd Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service is an essential userspace component of
the Linux Auditing System, as it is responsible for writing audit records to
disk.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 auditd on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(1)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-10</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">347</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">157</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">172</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">880</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1353</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1462</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1115</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1454</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">067</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">158</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">831</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1190</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1312</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1263</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">130</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">120</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1589</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensuring the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service is active ensures 
audit records generated by the kernel can be written to disk, or that appropriate
actions will be taken if other obstacles exist.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27058-7</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000145</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_auditd_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable auditd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_auditd_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service auditd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - auditd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_auditd_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_auditd_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="bootloader_audit_argument" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Auditing for Processes Which Start Prior to the Audit Daemon</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To ensure all processes can be audited, even
those which start prior to the audit daemon, add the argument
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">audit=1</html:code> to the kernel line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/grub.conf</html:code>, in the manner below:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kernel /vmlinuz-version ro vga=ext root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet audit=1</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(1)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-14(1)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-10</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Each process on the system carries an "auditable" flag which
indicates whether its activities can be audited. Although <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code>
takes care of enabling this for all processes which launch after it
does, adding the kernel argument ensures it is set for every
process during boot.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26785-6</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000525</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="bootloader_audit_argument" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">/sbin/grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="audit=1"
</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-bootloader_audit_argument:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-bootloader_audit_argument_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="configure_auditd_data_retention">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd Data Retention</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The audit system writes data to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/audit/audit.log</html:code>. By default,
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> rotates 5 logs by size (6MB), retaining a maximum of 30MB of
data in total, and refuses to write entries when the disk is too
full. This minimizes the risk of audit data filling its partition
and impacting other services. This also minimizes the risk of the audit
daemon temporarily disabling the system if it cannot write audit log (which
it can be configured to do).

For a busy
system or a system which is thoroughly auditing system activity, the default settings
for data retention may be
 insufficient. The log file size needed will depend heavily on what types
of events are being audited. First configure auditing to log all the events of
interest. Then monitor the log size manually for awhile to determine what file
size will allow you to keep the required data for the correct time period.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Using a dedicated partition for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/audit</html:code> prevents the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> logs from disrupting system functionality if they fill, and,
more importantly, prevents other activity in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var</html:code> from filling the
partition and stopping the audit trail. (The audit logs are size-limited and
therefore unlikely to grow without bound unless configured to do so.) Some
machines may have requirements that no actions occur which cannot be audited.
If this is the case, then <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> can be configured to halt the machine
if it runs out of space. <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Note:</html:b> Since older logs are rotated,
configuring <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> this way does not prevent older logs from being
rotated away before they can be viewed.

<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">If your system is configured to halt when logging cannot be performed, make
sure this can never happen under normal circumstances! Ensure that
<html:code>/var/log/audit</html:code> is on its own partition, and that this partition is
larger than the maximum amount of data <html:code>auditd</html:code> will retain
normally.</html:i>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-11</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">138</reference>
        <Value id="var_auditd_num_logs" type="number">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Number of log files for auditd to retain</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for num_logs in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>5</value>
          <value selector="5">5</value>
          <value selector="4">4</value>
          <value selector="3">3</value>
          <value selector="2">2</value>
          <value selector="1">1</value>
          <value selector="0">0</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_max_log_file" type="number">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum audit log file size for auditd</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for max_log_size in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>6</value>
          <value selector="20">20</value>
          <value selector="10">10</value>
          <value selector="6">6</value>
          <value selector="5">5</value>
          <value selector="1">1</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_max_log_file_action" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Action for auditd to take when log files reach their maximum size</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for max_log_file_action in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>rotate</value>
          <value selector="ignore">ignore</value>
          <value selector="syslog">syslog</value>
          <value selector="suspend">suspend</value>
          <value selector="rotate">rotate</value>
          <value selector="keep_logs">keep_logs</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_space_left_action" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Action for auditd to take when disk space just starts to run low</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for space_left_action in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>email</value>
          <value selector="ignore">ignore</value>
          <value selector="syslog">syslog</value>
          <value selector="email">email</value>
          <value selector="exec">exec</value>
          <value selector="suspend">suspend</value>
          <value selector="single">single</value>
          <value selector="halt">halt</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Action for auditd to take when disk space runs dangerously low</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for space_left_action in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>single</value>
          <value selector="ignore">ignore</value>
          <value selector="syslog">syslog</value>
          <value selector="email">email</value>
          <value selector="exec">exec</value>
          <value selector="suspend">suspend</value>
          <value selector="single">single</value>
          <value selector="halt">halt</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_action_mail_acct" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Account for auditd to send email when actions occurs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for action_mail_acct in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>root</value>
          <value selector="root">root</value>
          <value selector="admin">admin</value>
        </Value>
        <Value id="var_auditd_flush" type="string">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Auditd priority for flushing data to disk</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The setting for flush in /etc/audit/auditd.conf</description>
          <value>data</value>
          <value selector="none">none</value>
          <value selector="incremental">incremental</value>
          <value selector="data">data</value>
          <value selector="sync">sync</value>
        </Value>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd Number of Logs Retained</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Determine how many log files
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> should retain when it rotates logs.
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code>. Add or modify the following
line, substituting <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">NUMLOGS</html:i> with the correct value of <ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="var_auditd_num_logs"/>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">num_logs = <html:i>NUMLOGS</html:i></html:pre>
Set the value to 5 for general-purpose systems. 
Note that values less than 2 result in no log rotation.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The total storage for audit log files must be large enough to retain
log information over the period required. This is a function of the maximum log
file size and the number of logs retained.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27522-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000159</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_num_logs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_num_logs="<sub idref="var_auditd_num_logs"/>"

AUDITCONFIG=/etc/audit/auditd.conf

grep -q ^num_logs $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i 's/^num_logs.*/num_logs = '"$var_auditd_num_logs"'/g' $AUDITCONFIG
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "num_logs = $var_auditd_num_logs" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_num_logs:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_num_logs"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_num_logs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_num_logs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd Max Log File Size</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Determine the amount of audit data (in megabytes)
which should be retained in each log file. Edit the file
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code>. Add or modify the following line, substituting
the correct value of <ns0:sub xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1" idref="var_auditd_max_log_file"/> for <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">STOREMB</html:i>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">max_log_file = <html:i>STOREMB</html:i></html:pre>
Set the value to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">6</html:code> (MB) or higher for general-purpose systems.
Larger values, of course,
support retention of even more audit data.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The total storage for audit log files must be large enough to retain
log information over the period required. This is a function of the maximum
log file size and the number of logs retained.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27550-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000160</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_max_log_file="<sub idref="var_auditd_max_log_file"/>"

AUDITCONFIG=/etc/audit/auditd.conf

grep -q ^max_log_file $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i 's/^max_log_file.*/max_log_file = '"$var_auditd_max_log_file"'/g' $AUDITCONFIG
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "max_log_file = $var_auditd_max_log_file" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_max_log_file:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_max_log_file"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_max_log_file:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd max_log_file_action Upon Reaching Maximum Log Size</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> The default action to take when the logs reach their maximum size
is to rotate the log files, discarding the oldest one. To configure the action taken
by <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code>, add or correct the line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">max_log_file_action = <html:i>ACTION</html:i></html:pre>
Possible values for <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ACTION</html:i> are described in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd.conf</html:code> man
page. These include:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:code>ignore</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>syslog</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>suspend</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>rotate</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>keep_logs</html:code></html:li></html:ul>
Set the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:i>ACTION</html:i></html:code> to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rotate</html:code> to ensure log rotation
occurs.  This is the default.  The setting is case-insensitive.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-11</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Automatically rotating logs (by setting this to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rotate</html:code>)
minimizes the chances of the system unexpectedly running out of disk space by
being overwhelmed with log data. However, for systems that must never discard
log data, or which use external processes to transfer it and reclaim space,
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">keep_logs</html:code> can be employed.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27237-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000161</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_max_log_file_action="<sub idref="var_auditd_max_log_file_action"/>"

AUDITCONFIG=/etc/audit/auditd.conf

grep -q ^max_log_file_action $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i 's/^max_log_file_action.*/max_log_file_action = '"$var_auditd_max_log_file_action"'/g' $AUDITCONFIG
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "max_log_file_action = $var_auditd_max_log_file_action" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_max_log_file_action:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_max_log_file_action"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_max_log_file_action_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd space_left Action on Low Disk Space</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service can be configured to take an action
when disk space <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">starts</html:i> to run low. 
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code>. Modify the following line,
substituting <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ACTION</html:i> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">space_left_action = <html:i>ACTION</html:i></html:pre>
Possible values for <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ACTION</html:i> are described in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd.conf</html:code> man page.
These include:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:code>ignore</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>syslog</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>email</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>exec</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>suspend</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>single</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>halt</html:code></html:li></html:ul>
Set this to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">email</html:code> (instead of the default,
which is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">suspend</html:code>) as it is more likely to get prompt attention. Acceptable values
also include <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">suspend</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">single</html:code>, and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">halt</html:code>.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-5(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">140</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">143</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Notifying administrators of an impending disk space problem may
allow them to take corrective action prior to any disruption.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27238-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000005</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_space_left_action" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_space_left_action="<sub idref="var_auditd_space_left_action"/>"

#
# If space_left_action present in /etc/audit/auditd.conf, change value
# to var_auditd_space_left_action, else
# add "space_left_action = $var_auditd_space_left_action" to /etc/audit/auditd.conf
#

if grep --silent ^space_left_action /etc/audit/auditd.conf ; then
        sed -i 's/^space_left_action.*/space_left_action = '"$var_auditd_space_left_action"'/g' /etc/audit/auditd.conf
else
        echo -e "\n# Set space_left_action to $var_auditd_space_left_action per security requirements" &gt;&gt; /etc/audit/auditd.conf
        echo "space_left_action = $var_auditd_space_left_action" &gt;&gt; /etc/audit/auditd.conf
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_space_left_action:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_space_left_action"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_space_left_action:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_space_left_action_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd admin_space_left Action on Low Disk Space</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service can be configured to take an action
when disk space is running low but prior to running out of space completely. 
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code>. Add or modify the following line,
substituting <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ACTION</html:i> appropriately:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">admin_space_left_action = <html:i>ACTION</html:i></html:pre>
Set this value to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">single</html:code> to cause the system to switch to single-user
mode for corrective action. Acceptable values also include <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">suspend</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">halt</html:code>. For certain systems, the need for availability
outweighs the need to log all actions, and a different setting should be
determined. Details regarding all possible values for <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ACTION</html:i> are described in the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd.conf</html:code> man page.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-5(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">140</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1343</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Administrators should be made aware of an inability to record
audit records. If a separate partition or logical volume of adequate size
is used, running low on space for audit records should never occur.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27239-3</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
var_auditd_admin_space_left_action="<sub idref="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action"/>"

grep -q ^admin_space_left_action /etc/audit/auditd.conf &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/admin_space_left_action.*/admin_space_left_action = $var_auditd_admin_space_left_action/g" /etc/audit/auditd.conf
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "admin_space_left_action = $var_auditd_admin_space_left_action" &gt;&gt; /etc/audit/auditd.conf
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_admin_space_left_action:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_admin_space_left_action"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_admin_space_left_action_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd mail_acct Action on Low Disk Space</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service can be configured to send email to
a designated account in certain situations. Add or correct the following line
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code> to ensure that administrators are notified
via email for those situations:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">action_mail_acct = <ns0:sub idref="var_auditd_action_mail_acct"/></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-4</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-5(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">139</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">144</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Email sent to the root account is typically aliased to the
administrators of the system, who can take appropriate action.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27241-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000313</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_action_mail_acct="<sub idref="var_auditd_action_mail_acct"/>"

AUDITCONFIG=/etc/audit/auditd.conf

grep -q ^action_mail_acct $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i 's/^action_mail_acct.*/action_mail_acct = '"$var_auditd_action_mail_acct"'/g' $AUDITCONFIG
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "action_mail_acct = $var_auditd_action_mail_acct" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_action_mail_acct:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_action_mail_acct"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_action_mail_acct_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_data_retention_flush" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd flush priority</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service can be configured to 
synchronously write audit event data to disk. Add or correct the following 
line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code> to ensure that audit event data is 
fully synchronized with the log files on the disk:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">flush = <ns0:sub idref="var_auditd_flush"/></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(1)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1576</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Audit data should be synchronously written to disk to ensure 
log integrity. These parameters assure that all audit event data is fully 
synchronized with the log files on the disk.</rationale>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_data_retention_flush" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
var_auditd_flush="<sub idref="var_auditd_flush"/>"

AUDITCONFIG=/etc/audit/auditd.conf

# if flush is present, flush param edited to var_auditd_flush
# else flush param is defined by var_auditd_flush
#
# the freq param is only used value 'incremental' and will be
# commented out if flush != incremental
#
# if flush == incremental &amp;&amp; freq param is not defined, it 
# will be defined as the package-default value of 20

grep -q ^flush $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i 's/^flush.*/flush = '"$var_auditd_flush"'/g' $AUDITCONFIG
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "flush = $var_auditd_flush" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
fi

if ! [ "$var_auditd_flush" == "incremental" ]; then
  sed -i 's/^freq/##freq/g' $AUDITCONFIG
elif [ "$var_auditd_flush" == "incremental" ]; then
  grep -q freq $AUDITCONFIG &amp;&amp; \
    sed -i 's/^#\+freq/freq/g' $AUDITCONFIG
  if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "freq = 20" &gt;&gt; $AUDITCONFIG
  fi
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-var_auditd_flush:var:1" value-id="var_auditd_flush"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_data_retention_flush:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_data_retention_flush_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd to use audispd's syslog plugin</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To configure the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service to use the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">syslog</html:code> plug-in of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">audispd</html:code> audit event multiplexor, set
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">active</html:code> line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf</html:code> to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">yes</html:code>. Restart the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> service:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service auditd restart</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-3(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">136</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The auditd service does not include the ability to send audit
records to a centralized server for management directly. It does, however,
include a plug-in for audit event multiplexor (audispd) to pass audit records
to the local syslog server</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26933-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000509</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
grep -q ^active /etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/active.*/active = yes/g" /etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "active = yes" &gt;&gt; /etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-auditd_audispd_syslog_plugin_activated_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="auditd_configure_rules">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure auditd Rules for Comprehensive Auditing</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditd</html:code> program can perform comprehensive
monitoring of system activity. This section describes recommended
configuration settings for comprehensive auditing, but a full
description of the auditing system's capabilities is beyond the
scope of this guide. The mailing list <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">linux-audit@redhat.com</html:i> exists
to facilitate community discussion of the auditing system.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The audit subsystem supports extensive collection of events, including:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>Tracing of arbitrary system calls (identified by name or number)
on entry or exit.</html:li><html:li>Filtering by PID, UID, call success, system call argument (with
some limitations), etc.</html:li><html:li>Monitoring of specific files for modifications to the file's
contents or metadata.</html:li></html:ul>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Auditing rules at startup are controlled by the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>.
Add rules to it to meet the auditing requirements for your organization.
Each line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code> represents a series of arguments
that can be passed to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auditctl</html:code> and can be individually tested
during runtime. See documentation in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/usr/share/doc/audit-<html:i>VERSION</html:i></html:code> and
in the related man pages for more details.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If copying any example audit rulesets from <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/usr/share/doc/audit-VERSION</html:code>,
be sure to comment out the
lines containing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">arch=</html:code> which are not appropriate for your system's
architecture. Then review and understand the following rules,
ensuring rules are activated as needed for the appropriate
architecture.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
After reviewing all the rules, reading the following sections, and
editing as needed, the new rules can be activated as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service auditd restart</html:pre>
</description>
        <Group id="audit_time_rules">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Records Events that Modify Date and Time Information</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate 
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that 
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time. All changes to the system 
time should be audited.</description>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record attempts to alter time through adjtimex</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">On a 32-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_time_rules
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S adjtimex -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
On a 64-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_time_rules
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
The -k option allows for the specification of a key in string form that can 
be used for better reporting capability through ausearch and aureport.
Multiple system calls can be defined on the same line to save space if 
desired, but is not required. See an example of multiple combined syscalls:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate 
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that 
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time (such as sshd). All changes 
to the system time should be audited.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26242-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000165</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_time_adjtimex" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"><sub idref="function_rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation"/>
rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_time_adjtimex:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_time_adjtimex_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record attempts to alter time through settimeofday</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">On a 32-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_time_rules
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
On a 64-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_time_rules
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
The -k option allows for the specification of a key in string form that can 
be used for better reporting capability through ausearch and aureport.
Multiple system calls can be defined on the same line to save space if 
desired, but is not required. See an example of multiple combined syscalls:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate 
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that 
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time (such as sshd). All changes 
to the system time should be audited.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27203-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000167</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_time_settimeofday" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"><sub idref="function_rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation"/>
rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_time_settimeofday:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_time_settimeofday_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_time_stime" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Attempts to Alter Time Through stime</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following line to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code> for both
32-bit and 64-bit systems:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_time_rules
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S stime -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
Since the 64-bit version of the "stime" system call is not defined in the audit
lookup table, the corresponding "-F arch=b64" form of this rule is not expected
to be defined on 64-bit systems (the aforementioned "-F arch=b32" stime rule
form itself is sufficient for both 32-bit and 64-bit systems). The -k option
allows for the specification of a key in string form that can be used for
better reporting capability through ausearch and aureport. Multiple system
calls can be defined on the same line to save space if desired, but is not
required. See an example of multiple combined syscalls:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time (such as sshd). All changes
to the system time should be audited.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27169-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000169</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_time_stime" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure"><sub idref="function_rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation"/>
rhel6_perform_audit_adjtimex_settimeofday_stime_remediation
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_time_stime:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_time_stime_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Attempts to Alter Time Through clock_settime</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">On a 32-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># time-change
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S clock_settime -F a0=0x0 -F key=time-change</html:pre>
On a 64-bit system, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># time-change
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S clock_settime -F a0=0x0 -F key=time-change</html:pre>
The -k option allows for the specification of a key in string form that can 
be used for better reporting capability through ausearch and aureport.
Multiple system calls can be defined on the same line to save space if 
desired, but is not required. See an example of multiple combined syscalls:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate 
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that 
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time (such as sshd). All changes 
to the system time should be audited.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27170-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000171</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_time_clock_settime" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# First perform the remediation of the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ "$(getconf LONG_BIT)" = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S clock_settime -F a0=.* \(-F key=\|-k \).*"
	GROUP="clock_settime"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S clock_settime -F a0=0x0 -k time-change"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_time_clock_settime:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_time_clock_settime_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Attempts to Alter the localtime File</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /etc/localtime -p wa -k audit_time_rules</html:pre>
The -k option allows for the specification of a key in string form that can 
be used for better reporting capability through ausearch and aureport and
should always be used.
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1487</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">169</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Arbitrary changes to the system time can be used to obfuscate 
nefarious activities in log files, as well as to confuse network services that 
are highly dependent upon an accurate system time (such as sshd). All changes 
to the system time should be audited.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27172-6</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000173</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_time_watch_localtime" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/localtime" "wa" "audit_time_rules"
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_time_watch_localtime:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_time_watch_localtime_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify User/Group Information</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>, in order
to capture events that modify account changes:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_rules_usergroup_modification
-w /etc/group -p wa -k audit_rules_usergroup_modification
-w /etc/passwd -p wa -k audit_rules_usergroup_modification
-w /etc/gshadow -p wa -k audit_rules_usergroup_modification
-w /etc/shadow -p wa -k audit_rules_usergroup_modification
-w /etc/security/opasswd -p wa -k audit_rules_usergroup_modification</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(4)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">18</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1403</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1404</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1405</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1684</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1683</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1685</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1686</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In addition to auditing new user and group accounts, these watches
will alert the system administrator(s) to any modifications. Any
unexpected users, groups, or modifications should be investigated for
legitimacy.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26664-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000174</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_usergroup_modification" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/group" "wa" "audit_rules_usergroup_modification"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/passwd" "wa" "audit_rules_usergroup_modification"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/gshadow" "wa" "audit_rules_usergroup_modification"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/shadow" "wa" "audit_rules_usergroup_modification"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/security/opasswd" "wa" "audit_rules_usergroup_modification"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_usergroup_modification:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_usergroup_modification_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Network Environment</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>, setting
ARCH to either b32 or b64 as appropriate for your system:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># audit_rules_networkconfig_modification
-a always,exit -F arch=ARCH -S sethostname -S setdomainname -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification
-w /etc/issue -p wa -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification
-w /etc/issue.net -p wa -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification
-w /etc/hosts -p wa -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification
-w /etc/sysconfig/network -p wa -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The network environment should not be modified by anything other
than administrator action. Any change to network parameters should be
audited.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26648-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000182</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_networkconfig_modification" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# First perform the remediation of the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -k *"
	# Use escaped BRE regex to specify rule group
	GROUP="set\(host\|domain\)name"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S sethostname -S setdomainname -k audit_rules_networkconfig_modification"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done

# Then perform the remediations for the watch rules
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/issue" "wa" "audit_rules_networkconfig_modification"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/issue.net" "wa" "audit_rules_networkconfig_modification"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/hosts" "wa" "audit_rules_networkconfig_modification"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/sysconfig/network" "wa" "audit_rules_networkconfig_modification"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_networkconfig_modification:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_networkconfig_modification_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_permissions_var_log_audit" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System Audit Logs Must Have Mode 0640 or Less Permissive</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">log_group</html:code> in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/auditd.conf</html:code> is set to a group other than the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">root</html:code>
group account, change the mode of the audit log files with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 0640 <html:i>audit_file</html:i></html:pre>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Otherwise, change the mode of the audit log files with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 0600 <html:i>audit_file</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">166</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If users can write to audit logs, audit trails can be modified or destroyed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27243-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000383</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_permissions_var_log_audit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
if `grep -q ^log_group /etc/audit/auditd.conf` ; then
  GROUP=$(awk -F "=" '/log_group/ {print $2}' /etc/audit/auditd.conf | tr -d ' ')
  if ! [ "${GROUP}" == 'root' ] ; then
    chmod 0640 /var/log/audit/audit.log
    chmod 0440 /var/log/audit/audit.log.*
  else
    chmod 0600 /var/log/audit/audit.log
    chmod 0400 /var/log/audit/audit.log.*
  fi

  chmod 0640 /etc/audit/audit*
  chmod 0640 /etc/audit/rules.d/*
else
  chmod 0600 /var/log/audit/audit.log
  chmod 0400 /var/log/audit/audit.log.*
  chmod 0640 /etc/audit/audit*
  chmod 0640 /etc/audit/rules.d/*
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_var_log_audit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_permissions_var_log_audit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="file_ownership_var_log_audit" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System Audit Logs Must Be Owned By Root</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
    To properly set the owner of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log</html:code>, run the command:
    <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">$ sudo chown root /var/log </html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-9</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">166</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Failure to give ownership of the audit log files to root allows the designated 
owner, and unauthorized users, potential access to sensitive information.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27244-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000384</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="file_ownership_var_log_audit" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
if `grep -q ^log_group /etc/audit/auditd.conf` ; then
  GROUP=$(awk -F "=" '/log_group/ {print $2}' /etc/audit/auditd.conf | tr -d ' ')
  if ! [ "${GROUP}" == 'root' ] ; then
    chown root.${GROUP} /var/log/audit
    chown root.${GROUP} /var/log/audit/audit.log*
  else
    chown root.root /var/log/audit
    chown root.root /var/log/audit/audit.log*
  fi
else
  chown root.root /var/log/audit
  chown root.root /var/log/audit/audit.log*
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_ownership_var_log_audit:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-file_ownership_var_log_audit_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_mac_modification" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Mandatory Access Controls</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /etc/selinux/ -p wa -k MAC-policy</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system's mandatory access policy (SELinux) should not be
arbitrarily changed by anything other than administrator action. All changes to
MAC policy should be audited.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26657-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000183</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_mac_modification" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/selinux/" "wa" "MAC-policy"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_mac_modification:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_mac_modification_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="audit_dac_actions">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum, the audit system should collect file permission 
changes for all users and root.  Note that the "-F arch=b32" lines should be 
present even on a 64 bit system.  These commands identify system calls for 
auditing.  Even if the system is 64 bit it can still execute 32 bit system 
calls.  Additionally, these rules can be configured in a number of ways while 
still achieving the desired effect.  An example of this is that the "-S" calls 
could be split up and placed on separate lines, however, this is less efficient.
Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
    -a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
    -a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If your system is 64 bit then these lines should be duplicated and the 
arch=b32 replaced with arch=b64 as follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
    -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod
    -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is 
attempting to gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. 
Auditing DAC modifications can facilitate the identification of patterns of 
abuse among both authorized and unauthorized users.</rationale>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - chmod</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chmod -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chmod  -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a 
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls 
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26280-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000184</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chmod"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_chmod_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - chown</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S chown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S chown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a 
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls 
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system 
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27173-4</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000185</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_chown" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in ${RULE_ARCHS[@]}
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chown"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_chown:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_chown_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchmod</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchmod -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchmod -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27174-2</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000186</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chmod"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmod_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchmodat</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27175-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000187</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chmod"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchmodat_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchown</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27177-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000188</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in ${RULE_ARCHS[@]}
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chown"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchown_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fchownat</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fchownat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fchownat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27178-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000189</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in ${RULE_ARCHS[@]}
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chown"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fchownat_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fremovexattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27179-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000190</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fremovexattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - fsetxattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S fsetxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S fsetxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27180-9</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000191</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_fsetxattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lchown</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file 
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27181-7</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000192</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in ${RULE_ARCHS[@]}
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="chown"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S chown -S fchown -S fchownat -S lchown -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lchown_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lremovexattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27182-5</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000193</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lremovexattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - lsetxattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S lsetxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S lsetxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27183-3</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000194</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_lsetxattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - removexattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S removexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S removexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27184-1</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000195</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_removexattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Events that Modify the System's Discretionary Access Controls - setxattr</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
permission changes for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S setxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S setxattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod</html:pre>
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note that these rules can be configured in a
number of ways while still achieving the desired effect.  Here the system calls
have been placed independent of other system calls.  Grouping these system
calls with others as identifying earlier in this guide is more efficient.
</warning>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
            <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The changing of file permissions could indicate that a user is attempting to
gain access to information that would otherwise be disallowed. Auditing DAC modifications
can facilitate the identification of patterns of abuse among both authorized and
unauthorized users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27185-8</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000196</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="xattr"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=${ARCH} -S setxattr -S lsetxattr -S fsetxattr -S removexattr -S lremovexattr -S fremovexattr -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k perm_mod"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_dac_modification_setxattr_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_login_events" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Attempts to Alter Login and Logout Events</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The audit system already collects login info for all users and root. To watch for attempted manual edits of
files involved in storing login events, add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /var/log/tallylog -p wa -k logins
-w /var/run/faillock/ -p wa -k logins
-w /var/log/lastlog -p wa -k logins</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Manual editing of these files may indicate nefarious activity, such
as an attacker attempting to remove evidence of an intrusion.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26691-6</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_login_events" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/log/tallylog" "wa" "logins"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/run/faillock/" "wa" "logins"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/log/lastlog" "wa" "logins"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_login_events:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_session_events" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Record Attempts to Alter Process and Session Initiation Information</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> The audit system already collects process information for all
users and root. To watch for attempted manual edits of files involved in
storing such process information, add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /var/run/utmp -p wa -k session
-w /var/log/btmp -p wa -k session
-w /var/log/wtmp -p wa -k session</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Manual editing of these files may indicate nefarious activity, such
as an attacker attempting to remove evidence of an intrusion.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26610-6</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_session_events" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/run/utmp" "wa" "session"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/log/btmp" "wa" "session"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/var/log/wtmp" "wa" "session"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_session_events:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects Unauthorized Access Attempts to Files (unsuccessful)</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect
unauthorized file accesses for all users and root. Add the following
to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EACCES -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access
-a always,exit -F arch=b32 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EPERM -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access</html:pre>
If the system is 64 bit then also add the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EACCES -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EPERM -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unsuccessful attempts to access files could be an indicator of malicious activity on a system. Auditing
these events could serve as evidence of potential system compromise.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26712-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000197</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation of the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do

	# First fix the -EACCES requirement
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F exit=-EACCES -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	# Use escaped BRE regex to specify rule group
	GROUP="\(creat\|open\|truncate\)"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EACCES -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"

	# Then fix the -EPERM requirement
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F exit=-EPERM -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	# No need to change content of $GROUP variable - it's the same as for -EACCES case above
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S creat -S open -S openat -S open_by_handle_at -S truncate -S ftruncate -F exit=-EPERM -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k access"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"

done
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_unsuccessful_file_modification_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_privileged_commands" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects Information on the Use of Privileged Commands</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect the
execution of privileged commands for all users and root.
To find the relevant setuid / setgid programs, run the following command
for each local partition <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PART</html:i>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo find <html:i>PART</html:i> -xdev -type f -perm -4000 -o -type f -perm -2000 2&gt;/dev/null</html:pre>
Then, for each setuid / setgid program on the system, add a line of the
following form to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>, where
<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SETUID_PROG_PATH</html:i> is the full path to each setuid / setgid program
in the list:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F path=<html:i>SETUID_PROG_PATH</html:i> -F perm=x -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k privileged</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10))</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(9)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">40</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Privileged programs are subject to escalation-of-privilege attacks,
which attempt to subvert their normal role of providing some necessary but
limited capability. As such, motivation exists to monitor these programs for
unusual activity.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26457-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000198</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_privileged_commands" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation"/>
perform_audit_rules_privileged_commands_remediation "auditctl" "500"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_privileged_commands:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_privileged_commands_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_media_export" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects Information on Exporting to Media (successful)</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect media
exportation events for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>, setting ARCH to either b32 or b64 as
appropriate for your system:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=ARCH -S mount -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k export</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The unauthorized exportation of data to external media could result in an information leak
where classified information, Privacy Act information, and intellectual property could be lost. An audit
trail should be created each time a filesystem is mounted to help identify and guard against information
loss.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26573-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000199</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_media_export" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation of the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k *"
	GROUP="mount"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S mount -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k export"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_media_export:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_media_export_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects File Deletion Events by User</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect file
deletion events for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>, setting ARCH to either b32 or b64 as
appropriate for your system:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-a always,exit -F arch=ARCH -S rmdir -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Auditing file deletions will create an audit trail for files that are removed
from the system. The audit trail could aid in system troubleshooting, as well as, detecting
malicious processes that attempt to delete log files to conceal their presence.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26651-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000200</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_file_deletion_events" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation for the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b32" "b64")

for ARCH in ${RULE_ARCHS[@]}
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete"
	# Use escaped BRE regex to specify rule group
	GROUP="\(rmdir\|unlink\|rename\)"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S rmdir -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_file_deletion_events:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_file_deletion_events_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects System Administrator Actions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">At a minimum the audit system should collect
administrator actions for all users and root. Add the following to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /etc/sudoers -p wa -k actions</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(7)(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The actions taken by system administrators should be audited to keep a record
of what was executed on the system, as well as, for accountability purposes.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26662-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000201</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_sysadmin_actions" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# Perform the remediation
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/etc/sudoers" "wa" "actions"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_sysadmin_actions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_sysadmin_actions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure auditd Collects Information on Kernel Module Loading and Unloading</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code> in order
to capture kernel module loading and unloading events, setting ARCH to either b32 or b64 as appropriate for your system:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-w /sbin/insmod -p x -k modules
-w /sbin/rmmod -p x -k modules
-w /sbin/modprobe -p x -k modules
-a always,exit -F arch=<html:i>ARCH</html:i> -S init_module -S delete_module -k modules</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">126</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The addition/removal of kernel modules can be used to alter the behavior of
the kernel and potentially introduce malicious code into kernel space. It is important
to have an audit trail of modules that have been introduced into the kernel.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26611-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000202</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_kernel_module_loading" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">

# First perform the remediation of the syscall rule
# Retrieve hardware architecture of the underlying system
# Note: 32-bit kernel modules can't be loaded / unloaded on 64-bit kernel =&gt;
#       it's not required on a 64-bit system to check also for the presence
#       of 32-bit's equivalent of the corresponding rule. Therefore for
#       each system it's enought to check presence of system's native rule form.
[ $(getconf LONG_BIT) = "32" ] &amp;&amp; RULE_ARCHS=("b32") || RULE_ARCHS=("b64")

for ARCH in "${RULE_ARCHS[@]}"
do
	PATTERN="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S .* -k *"
	# Use escaped BRE regex to specify rule group
	GROUP="\(init\|delete\)_module"
	FULL_RULE="-a always,exit -F arch=$ARCH -S init_module -S delete_module -k modules"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_syscall_rule"/>
	fix_audit_syscall_rule "auditctl" "$PATTERN" "$GROUP" "$ARCH" "$FULL_RULE"
done

# Then perform the remediations for the watch rules
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/sbin/insmod" "x" "modules"
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/sbin/rmmod" "x" "modules"
<sub idref="function_fix_audit_watch_rule"/>
fix_audit_watch_rule "auditctl" "/sbin/modprobe" "x" "modules"
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_kernel_module_loading:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-audit_rules_kernel_module_loading_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="audit_rules_immutable" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Make the auditd Configuration Immutable</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add the following to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/audit/audit.rules</html:code> in order
to make the configuration immutable:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-e 2</html:pre>
With this setting, a reboot will be required to change any
audit rules.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-1(b)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-2(d)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IR-5</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Making the audit configuration immutable prevents accidental as
well as malicious modification of the audit rules, although it may be
problematic if legitimate changes are needed during system
operation</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26612-2</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="audit_rules_immutable" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">
readonly AUDIT_RULES='/etc/audit/audit.rules'

# If '-e .*' setting present in audit.rules already, delete it since the
# auditctl(8) manual page instructs it should be the last rule in configuration
sed -i '/-e[[:space:]]\+.*/d' $AUDIT_RULES

# Append '-e 2' requirement at the end of audit.rules
echo '' &gt;&gt; $AUDIT_RULES
echo '# Set the audit.rules configuration immutable per security requirements' &gt;&gt; $AUDIT_RULES
echo '# Reboot is required to change audit rules once this setting is applied' &gt;&gt; $AUDIT_RULES
echo '-e 2' &gt;&gt; $AUDIT_RULES
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-audit_rules_immutable:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
  </Group>
  <Group id="services">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Services</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The best protection against vulnerable software is running less software. This section describes how to review
the software which Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 installs on a system and disable software which is not needed. It
then enumerates the software packages installed on a default Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 system and provides guidance about which
ones can be safely disabled.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 provides a convenient minimal install option that essentially installs the bare necessities for a functional
system. When building Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 systems, it is highly recommended to select the minimal packages and then build up
the system from there.
</description>
    <Group id="obsolete">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Obsolete Services</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section discusses a number of network-visible
services which have historically caused problems for system
security, and for which disabling or severely limiting the service
has been the best available guidance for some time. As a result of
this, many of these services are not installed as part of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
by default.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Organizations which are running these services should
switch to more secure equivalents as soon as possible.
If it remains absolutely necessary to run one of
these services for legacy reasons, care should be taken to restrict
the service as much as possible, for instance by configuring host
firewall software such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> to restrict access to the
vulnerable service to only those remote hosts which have a known
need to use it.</description>
      <Group id="inetd_and_xinetd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Xinetd</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">xinetd</html:code> service acts as a dedicated listener for some
network services (mostly, obsolete ones) and can be used to provide access
controls and perform some logging. It has been largely obsoleted by other
features, and it is not installed by default. The older Inetd service
is not even available as part of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.</description>
        <Rule id="service_xinetd_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable xinetd Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">xinetd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig xinetd off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The xinetd service provides a dedicated listener service for some programs,
which is no longer necessary for commonly-used network services. Disabling
it ensures that these uncommon services are not running, and also prevents
attacks against xinetd itself.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27046-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000203</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_xinetd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable xinetd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_xinetd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service xinetd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - xinetd

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_xinetd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_xinetd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_xinetd_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall xinetd Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">xinetd</html:code> package can be uninstalled with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase xinetd</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">xinetd</html:code> package decreases the risk of the
xinetd service's accidental (or intentional) activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27005-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000204</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_xinetd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove xinetd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_xinetd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure xinetd is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - xinetd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_xinetd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_xinetd

class remove_xinetd {
  package { 'xinetd':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_xinetd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=xinetd
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_xinetd_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_xinetd_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="telnet">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Telnet</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The telnet protocol does not provide confidentiality or integrity
for information transmitted on the network. This includes authentication
information such as passwords. Organizations which use telnet should be
actively working to migrate to a more secure protocol.</description>
        <Rule id="service_telnetd_disabled" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable telnet Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">telnet</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig telnet off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">197</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">877</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">888</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The telnet protocol uses unencrypted network communication, which
means that data from the login session, including passwords and
all other information transmitted during the session, can be
stolen by eavesdroppers on the network. The telnet protocol is also
subject to man-in-the-middle attacks.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26836-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000211</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_telnetd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_telnetd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_telnet-server_removed" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall telnet-server Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">telnet-server</html:code> package can be uninstalled with
the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase telnet-server</html:pre></description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">telnet-server</html:code> package decreases the risk of the
telnet service's accidental (or intentional) activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27073-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000206</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_telnet-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove telnet-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_telnet-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure telnet-server is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - telnet-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_telnet-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_telnet-server

class remove_telnet-server {
  package { 'telnet-server':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_telnet-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=telnet-server
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_telnet-server_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_telnet-server_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_telnet_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove telnet Clients</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The telnet client allows users to start connections to other 
systems via the telnet protocol.</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">telnet</html:code> protocol is insecure and unencrypted. The use
of an unencrypted transmission medium could allow an unauthorized user
to steal credentials. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssh</html:code> package provides an
encrypted session and stronger security and is included in Red Hat
Enterprise Linux.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27428-2</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_telnet_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove telnet
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_telnet_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure telnet is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - telnet
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_telnet_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_telnet

class remove_telnet {
  package { 'telnet':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_telnet_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=telnet
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_telnet_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_telnet_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="r_services">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Rlogin, Rsh, and Rexec</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Berkeley r-commands are legacy services which
allow cleartext remote access and have an insecure trust
model.</description>
        <Rule id="package_rsh-server_removed" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall rsh-server Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh-server</html:code> package can be uninstalled with
the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase rsh-server</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh-server</html:code> package provides several obsolete and insecure
network services. Removing it
decreases the risk of those services' accidental (or intentional)
activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27062-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000213</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_rsh-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove rsh-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_rsh-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure rsh-server is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - rsh-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_rsh-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_rsh-server

class remove_rsh-server {
  package { 'rsh-server':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_rsh-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=rsh-server
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_rsh-server_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_rsh-server_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="service_rexec_disabled" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable rexec Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rexec</html:code> service, which is available with
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh-server</html:code> package and runs as a service through xinetd,
should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rexec</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rexec off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rexec service uses unencrypted network communications, which
means that data from the login session, including passwords and
all other information transmitted during the session, can be
stolen by eavesdroppers on the network.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27208-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000216</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rexec_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rexec_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="service_rsh_disabled" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable rsh Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh</html:code> service, which is available with
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh-server</html:code> package and runs as a service through xinetd,
should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rsh off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rsh service uses unencrypted network communications, which
means that data from the login session, including passwords and
all other information transmitted during the session, can be
stolen by eavesdroppers on the network.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26994-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000214</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rsh_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rsh_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_rsh_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstal rsh Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh</html:code> package contains the client commands
for the rsh services</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">These legacy clients contain numerous security exposures and have
been replaced with the more secure SSH package. Even if the server is removed,
it is best to ensure the clients are also removed to prevent users from
inadvertently attempting to use these commands and therefore exposing
their credentials. Note that removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh</html:code> package removes
the clients for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh</html:code>,<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rcp</html:code>, and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rlogin</html:code>.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27359-9</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_rsh_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove rsh
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_rsh_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure rsh is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - rsh
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_rsh_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_rsh

class remove_rsh {
  package { 'rsh':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_rsh_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=rsh
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_rsh_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_rsh_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="service_rlogin_disabled" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable rlogin Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rlogin</html:code> service, which is available with
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rsh-server</html:code> package and runs as a service through xinetd,
should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rlogin</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rlogin off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rlogin service uses unencrypted network communications, which
means that data from the login session, including passwords and
all other information transmitted during the session, can be
stolen by eavesdroppers on the network.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26865-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000218</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rlogin_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rlogin_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="no_rsh_trust_files" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove Rsh Trust Files</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The files <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/hosts.equiv</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">~/.rhosts</html:code> (in
each user's home directory) list remote hosts and users that are trusted by the
local system when using the rshd daemon.
To remove these files, run the following command to delete them from any
location:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo rm /etc/hosts.equiv</html:pre>
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ rm ~/.rhosts</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Trust files are convenient, but when
used in conjunction with the R-services, they can allow
unauthenticated access to a system.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27270-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000019</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="no_rsh_trust_files" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">find -type f -name .rhosts -exec rm -f '{}' \;
rm /etc/hosts.equiv
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_rsh_trust_files:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_rsh_trust_files_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="nis">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">NIS</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network Information Service (NIS), also known as 'Yellow
Pages' (YP), and its successor NIS+ have been made obsolete by
Kerberos, LDAP, and other modern centralized authentication
services. NIS should not be used because it suffers from security
problems inherent in its design, such as inadequate protection of
important authentication information.</description>
        <Rule id="package_ypserv_removed" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall ypserv Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypserv</html:code> package can be uninstalled with
the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase ypserv</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypserv</html:code> package decreases the risk of the
accidental (or intentional) activation of NIS or NIS+ services.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27079-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000220</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_ypserv_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove ypserv
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_ypserv_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure ypserv is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - ypserv
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_ypserv_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_ypserv

class remove_ypserv {
  package { 'ypserv':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_ypserv_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=ypserv
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_ypserv_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_ypserv_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="service_ypbind_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable ypbind Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypbind</html:code> service, which allows the system to act as a client in
a NIS or NIS+ domain, should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypbind</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig ypbind off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypbind</html:code> service ensures the system is not acting
as a client in a NIS or NIS+ domain.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26894-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000221</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_ypbind_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable ypbind
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_ypbind_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service ypbind
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - ypbind

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_ypbind_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_ypbind_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_ypbind_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove NIS Client</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network Information Service (NIS), formerly known as Yellow Pages,
is a client-server directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration
files. The NIS client (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ypbind</html:code>) was used to bind a machine to an NIS server
and receive the distributed configuration files.</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The NIS service is inherently an insecure system that has been vulnerable
to DOS attacks, buffer overflows and has poor authentication for querying NIS maps.
NIS generally has been replaced by such protocols as Lightweight Directory Access 
Protocol (LDAP). It is recommended that the service be removed.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27372-2</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_ypbind_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove ypbind
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_ypbind_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure ypbind is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - ypbind
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_ypbind_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_ypbind

class remove_ypbind {
  package { 'ypbind':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_ypbind_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=ypbind
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_ypbind_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_ypbind_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="tftp">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">TFTP Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
TFTP is a lightweight version of the FTP protocol which has
traditionally been used to configure networking equipment. However,
TFTP provides little security, and modern versions of networking
operating systems frequently support configuration via SSH or other
more secure protocols. A TFTP server should be run only if no more
secure method of supporting existing equipment can be
found.</description>
        <Rule id="service_tftp_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable tftp Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig tftp off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Disabling the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> service ensures the system is not acting
as a TFTP server, which does not provide encryption or authentication.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27055-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000223</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_tftp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable tftp
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_tftp_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service tftp
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - tftp

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_tftp_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_tftp_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_tftp-server_removed" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall tftp-server Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp-server</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase tftp-server</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">305</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp-server</html:code> package decreases the risk of the
accidental (or intentional) activation of tftp services.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26946-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000222</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_tftp-server_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_tftp-server_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_tftp_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove tftp</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a simple file transfer protocol,
typically used to automatically transfer configuration or boot files between machines.
TFTP does not support authentication and can be easily hacked. The package
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> is a client program that allows for connections to a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> server.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">It is recommended that TFTP be remvoed, unless there is a specific need
for TFTP (such as a boot server). In that case, use extreme caution when configuring
the services.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27448-0</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_tftp_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_tftp_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="tftpd_uses_secure_mode" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure tftp Daemon Uses Secure Mode</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If running the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tftp</html:code> service is necessary, it should be configured
to change its root directory at startup. To do so, ensure
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/xinetd.d/tftp</html:code> includes <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-s</html:code> as a command line argument, as shown in
the following example (which is also the default):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Using the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-s</html:code> option causes the TFTP service to only serve files from the
given directory. Serving files from an intentionally-specified directory
reduces the risk of sharing files which should remain private.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27272-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000338</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-tftpd_uses_secure_mode:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-tftpd_uses_secure_mode_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="talk">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Chat/Messaging Services</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The talk software makes it possible for users to send and receive messages
across systems through a terminal session.
</description>
        <Rule id="package_talk-server_removed" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall talk-server Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">talk-server</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase talk-server</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The talk software presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols
for communications. Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">talk-server</html:code> package decreases the
risk of the accidental (or intentional) activation of talk services.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27427-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_talk-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove talk-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_talk-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure talk-server is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - talk-server
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_talk-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_talk-server

class remove_talk-server {
  package { 'talk-server':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_talk-server_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=talk-server
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_talk-server_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_talk-server_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_talk_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall talk Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">talk</html:code> package contains the client program for the
Internet talk protocol, which allows the user to chat with other users on
different systems. Talk is a communication program which copies lines from one
terminal to the terminal of another user.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The talk software presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols
for communications. Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">talk</html:code> package decreases the
risk of the accidental (or intentional) activation of talk client program.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27373-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_talk_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove talk
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_talk_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure talk is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - talk
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_talk_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_talk

class remove_talk {
  package { 'talk':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_talk_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=talk
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_talk_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_talk_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="base">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Base Services</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section addresses the base services that are installed on a
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 default installation which are not covered in other
sections. Some of these services listen on the network and
should be treated with particular discretion. Other services are local
system utilities that may or may not be extraneous. In general, system services
should be disabled if not required.</description>
      <Rule id="service_abrtd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (abrtd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">abrtd</html:code>) daemon collects
and reports crash data when an application crash is detected. Using a variety
of plugins, abrtd can email crash reports to system administrators, log crash
reports to files, or forward crash reports to a centralized issue tracking
system such as RHTSupport.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">abrtd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig abrtd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Mishandling crash data could expose sensitive information about
vulnerabilities in software executing on the local machine, as well as sensitive
information from within a process's address space or registers.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27247-6</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000261</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_abrtd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable abrtd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_abrtd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service abrtd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - abrtd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_abrtd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_abrtd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_acpid_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (acpid)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Daemon (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">acpid</html:code>)
dispatches ACPI events (such as power/reset button depressed) to userspace
programs.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">acpid</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig acpid off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">ACPI support is highly desirable for systems in some network roles,
such as laptops or desktops. For other systems, such as servers, it may permit
accidental or trivially achievable denial of service situations and disabling
it is appropriate.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27061-1</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_acpid_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable acpid
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_acpid_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service acpid
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - acpid

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_acpid_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_acpid_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_certmonger_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Certmonger Service (certmonger)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Certmonger is a D-Bus based service that attempts to simplify interaction
with certifying authorities on networks which use public-key infrastructure. It is often
combined with Red Hat's IPA (Identity Policy Audit) security information management
solution to aid in the management of certificates.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">certmonger</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig certmonger off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The services provided by certmonger may be essential for systems
fulfilling some roles a PKI infrastructure, but its functionality is not necessary
for many other use cases.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27267-4</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_certmonger_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable certmonger
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_certmonger_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service certmonger
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - certmonger

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_certmonger_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_certmonger_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_cgconfig_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Control Group Config (cgconfig)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Control groups allow an administrator to allocate system resources (such as CPU,
memory, network bandwidth, etc) among a defined group (or groups) of processes executing on
a system. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cgconfig</html:code> daemon starts at boot and establishes the predefined control groups.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cgconfig</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig cgconfig off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unless control groups are used to manage system resources, running the cgconfig
service is not necessary.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27250-0</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_cgconfig_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable cgconfig
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_cgconfig_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service cgconfig
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - cgconfig

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_cgconfig_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_cgconfig_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_cgred_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Control Group Rules Engine (cgred)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cgred</html:code> service moves tasks into control groups according to
parameters set in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/cgrules.conf</html:code> configuration file.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cgred</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig cgred off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unless control groups are used to manage system resources, running the cgred service
service is not necessary.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27252-6</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_cgred_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable cgred
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_cgred_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service cgred
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - cgred

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_cgred_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_cgred_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_cpuspeed_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable CPU Speed (cpuspeed)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cpuspeed</html:code> service can adjust the clock speed of supported CPUs based upon
the current processing load thereby conserving power and reducing heat.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cpuspeed</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig cpuspeed off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cpuspeed</html:code> service is only necessary if adjusting the CPU clock speed
provides benefit. Traditionally this has included laptops (to enhance battery life),
but may also apply to server or desktop environments where conserving power is
highly desirable or necessary.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26973-8</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_cpuspeed_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable cpuspeed
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_cpuspeed_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service cpuspeed
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - cpuspeed

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_cpuspeed_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_cpuspeed_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_haldaemon_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Hardware Abstraction Layer Service (haldaemon)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Hardware Abstraction Layer Daemon (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">haldaemon</html:code>) collects
and maintains information about the system's hardware configuration. 
This service is required on a workstation
running a desktop environment, and may be necessary on any system which
deals with removable media or devices.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">haldaemon</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig haldaemon off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The haldaemon provides essential functionality on systems
that use removable media or devices, but can be disabled for systems
that do not require these.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27086-8</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_haldaemon_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable haldaemon
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_haldaemon_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service haldaemon
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - haldaemon

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_haldaemon_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_haldaemon_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_irqbalance_enabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable IRQ Balance (irqbalance)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">irqbalance</html:code> service optimizes the balance between
power savings and performance through distribution of hardware interrupts across
multiple processors.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">irqbalance</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 irqbalance on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">In an environment with multiple processors (now common), the irqbalance service
provides potential speedups for handling interrupt requests.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26990-2</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_irqbalance_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable irqbalance
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_irqbalance_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service irqbalance
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - irqbalance

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_irqbalance_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_irqbalance_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_kdump_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable KDump Kernel Crash Analyzer (kdump)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kdump</html:code> service provides a kernel crash dump analyzer. It uses the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kexec</html:code>
system call to boot a secondary kernel ("capture" kernel) following a system
crash, which can load information from the crashed kernel for analysis.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">kdump</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig kdump off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unless the system is used for kernel development or testing, there
is little need to run the kdump service.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26850-8</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_kdump_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable kdump
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_kdump_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service kdump
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - kdump

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_kdump_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_kdump_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_mdmonitor_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Software RAID Monitor (mdmonitor)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mdmonitor</html:code> service is used for monitoring a software RAID array; hardware
RAID setups do not use this service.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mdmonitor</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig mdmonitor off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If software RAID monitoring is not required,
there is no need to run this service.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27193-2</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_mdmonitor_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable mdmonitor
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_mdmonitor_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service mdmonitor
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - mdmonitor

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_mdmonitor_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_mdmonitor_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_messagebus_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable D-Bus IPC Service (messagebus)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">D-Bus provides an IPC mechanism used by 
a growing list of programs, such as those used for Gnome, Bluetooth, and Avahi.
Due to these dependencies, disabling D-Bus may not be practical for
many systems.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">messagebus</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig messagebus off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If no services which require D-Bus are needed, then it
can be disabled. As a broker for IPC between processes of different privilege levels,
it could be a target for attack. However, disabling D-Bus is likely to be
impractical for any system which needs to provide
a graphical login session.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26913-4</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_messagebus_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable messagebus
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_messagebus_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service messagebus
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - messagebus

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_messagebus_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_messagebus_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_netconsole_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Network Console (netconsole)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netconsole</html:code> service is responsible for loading the
netconsole kernel module, which logs kernel printk messages over UDP to a
syslog server. This allows debugging of problems where disk logging fails and
serial consoles are impractical.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netconsole</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig netconsole off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netconsole</html:code> service is not necessary unless there is a need to debug
kernel panics, which is not common.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27254-2</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000289</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_netconsole_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable netconsole
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_netconsole_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service netconsole
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - netconsole

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_netconsole_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_netconsole_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_ntpdate_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable ntpdate Service (ntpdate)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpdate</html:code> service sets the local hardware clock by polling NTP servers
when the system boots. It synchronizes to the NTP servers listed in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ntp/step-tickers</html:code> or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ntp.conf</html:code>
and then sets the local hardware clock to the newly synchronized
system time.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpdate</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig ntpdate off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpdate</html:code> service may only be suitable for systems which
are rebooted frequently enough that clock drift does not cause problems between
reboots. In any event, the functionality of the ntpdate service is now
available in the ntpd program and should be considered deprecated.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27256-7</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000265</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_ntpdate_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_ntpdate_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_oddjobd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Odd Job Daemon (oddjobd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">oddjobd</html:code> service exists to provide an interface and
access control mechanism through which
specified privileged tasks can run tasks for unprivileged client
applications. Communication with <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">oddjobd</html:code> through the system message bus.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">oddjobd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig oddjobd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">oddjobd</html:code> service may provide necessary functionality in
some environments, and can be disabled if it is not needed. Execution of
tasks by privileged programs, on behalf of unprivileged ones, has traditionally
been a source of privilege escalation security issues.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27257-5</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000266</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_oddjobd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable oddjobd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_oddjobd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service oddjobd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - oddjobd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_oddjobd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_oddjobd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_portreserve_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Portreserve (portreserve)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">portreserve</html:code> service is a TCP port reservation utility that can
be used to prevent portmap from binding to well known TCP ports that are
required for other services.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">portreserve</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig portreserve off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">portreserve</html:code> service provides helpful functionality by
preventing conflicting usage of ports in the reserved port range, but it can be
disabled if not needed.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27258-3</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_portreserve_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable portreserve
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_portreserve_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service portreserve
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - portreserve

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_portreserve_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_portreserve_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_psacct_enabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Process Accounting (psacct)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The process accounting service, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">psacct</html:code>, works with programs
including <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">acct</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ac</html:code> to allow system administrators to view
user activity, such as commands issued by users of the system.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">psacct</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 psacct on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">psacct</html:code> service can provide administrators a convenient
view into some user activities. However, it should be noted that the auditing
system and its audit records provide more authoritative and comprehensive
records.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27259-1</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_psacct_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable psacct
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_psacct_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service psacct
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - psacct

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_psacct_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_psacct_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_qpidd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Apache Qpid (qpidd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">qpidd</html:code> service provides high speed, secure,
guaranteed delivery services.  It is an implementation of the Advanced Message
Queuing Protocol.  By default the qpidd service will bind to port 5672 and
listen for connection attempts.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">qpidd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig qpidd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The qpidd service is automatically installed when the "base" 
package selection is selected during installation.  The qpidd service listens 
for network connections, which increases the attack surface of the system.  If 
the system is not intended to receive AMQP traffic, then the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">qpidd</html:code> 
service is not needed and should be disabled or removed.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26928-2</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000267</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_qpidd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable qpidd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_qpidd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service qpidd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - qpidd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_qpidd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_qpidd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_quota_nld_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Quota Netlink (quota_nld)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">quota_nld</html:code> service provides notifications to
users of disk space quota violations. It listens to the kernel via a netlink
socket for disk quota violations and notifies the appropriate user of the
violation using D-Bus or by sending a message to the terminal that the user has
last accessed.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">quota_nld</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig quota_nld off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If disk quotas are enforced on the local system, then the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">quota_nld</html:code> service likely provides useful functionality and should
remain enabled. However, if disk quotas are not used or user notification of
disk quota violation is not desired then there is no need to run this
service.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27260-9</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_quota_nld_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable quota_nld
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_quota_nld_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service quota_nld
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - quota_nld

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_quota_nld_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_quota_nld_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_rdisc_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Network Router Discovery Daemon (rdisc)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rdisc</html:code> service implements the client side of the ICMP
Internet Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP), which allows discovery of routers on
the local subnet. If a router is discovered then the local routing table is
updated with a corresponding default route. By default this daemon is disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rdisc</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rdisc off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-4</reference>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">General-purpose systems typically have their network and routing
information configured statically by a system administrator. Workstations or
some special-purpose systems often use DHCP (instead of IRDP) to retrieve
dynamic network configuration information.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27261-7</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000268</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rdisc_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rdisc
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rdisc_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rdisc
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rdisc

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rdisc_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rdisc_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_rhnsd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Red Hat Network Service (rhnsd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Red Hat Network service automatically queries Red Hat Network
servers to determine whether there are any actions that should be executed,
such as package updates. This only occurs if the system was registered to an
RHN server or satellite and managed as such.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rhnsd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rhnsd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Although systems management and patching is extremely important to
system security, management by a system outside the enterprise enclave is not
desirable for some environments.  However, if the system is being managed by RHN or
 RHN Satellite Server the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rhnsd</html:code> daemon can remain on. </rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26846-6</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000009</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rhnsd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rhnsd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rhnsd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rhnsd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rhnsd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rhnsd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rhnsd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Red Hat Subscription Manager Daemon (rhsmcertd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Red Hat Subscription Manager (rhsmcertd) periodically checks for
changes in the entitlement certificates for a registered system and updates it
accordingly.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rhsmcertd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rhsmcertd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rhsmcertd</html:code> service can provide administrators with some
additional control over which of their systems are entitled to particular
subscriptions. However, for systems that are managed locally or which are not
expected to require remote changes to their subscription status, it is
unnecessary and can be disabled.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27262-5</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rhsmcertd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rhsmcertd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rhsmcertd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rhsmcertd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rhsmcertd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rhsmcertd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_saslauthd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Cyrus SASL Authentication Daemon (saslauthd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">saslauthd</html:code> service handles plaintext authentication requests on
behalf of the SASL library. The service isolates all code requiring superuser
privileges for SASL authentication into a single process, and can also be used
to provide proxy authentication services to clients that do not understand SASL
based authentication.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">saslauthd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig saslauthd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">saslauthd</html:code> service provides essential functionality for
performing authentication in some directory environments, such as those which
use Kerberos and LDAP. For others, however, in which only local files may be
consulted, it is not necessary and should be disabled.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27263-3</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_saslauthd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable saslauthd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_saslauthd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service saslauthd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - saslauthd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_saslauthd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_saslauthd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_smartd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SMART Disk Monitoring Service (smartd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) is a
feature of hard drives that allows them to detect symptoms of disk failure and
relay an appropriate warning.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smartd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig smartd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SMART can help protect against denial of
service due to failing hardware. Nevertheless, if it is not needed or the
system's drives are not SMART-capable (such as solid state drives), it can be
disabled.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26853-2</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_smartd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable smartd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_smartd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service smartd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - smartd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_smartd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_smartd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_sysstat_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable System Statistics Reset Service (sysstat)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysstat</html:code> service resets various I/O and CPU
performance statistics to zero in order to begin counting from a fresh state
at boot time.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysstat</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig sysstat off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sysstat</html:code> service merely runs a program at
boot to reset the statistics, which can be retrieved using programs such as
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sar</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sadc</html:code>. These may provide useful insight into system
operation, but unless used this service can be disabled.</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27265-8</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_sysstat_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable sysstat
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_sysstat_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service sysstat
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - sysstat

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_sysstat_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_sysstat_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="cron_and_at">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Cron and At Daemons</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The cron and at services are used to allow commands to
be executed at a later time. The cron service is required by almost
all systems to perform necessary maintenance tasks, while at may or
may not be required on a given system. Both daemons should be
configured defensively.</description>
      <Rule id="service_crond_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable cron Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">crond</html:code> service is used to execute commands at
preconfigured times. It is required by almost all systems to perform necessary
maintenance tasks, such as notifying root of system activity.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">crond</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 crond on</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Due to its usage for maintenance and security-supporting tasks,
enabling the cron daemon is essential.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27070-2</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000224</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_crond_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable crond
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_crond_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service crond
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - crond

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_crond_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_crond_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="disable_anacron" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable anacron Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cronie-anacron</html:code> package, which provides <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anacron</html:code>
functionality, is installed by default. 

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cronie-anacron</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase cronie-anacron</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anacron</html:code> service provides <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cron</html:code> functionality for systems
such as laptops and workstations that may be shut down during the normal times
that <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cron</html:code> jobs are scheduled to run. On systems which do not require this
additional functionality, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anacron</html:code> could needlessly increase the possible
attack surface for an intruder.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27158-5</ident>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-disable_anacron_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_atd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable At Service (atd)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">at</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">batch</html:code> commands can be used to
schedule tasks that are meant to be executed only once. This allows delayed
execution in a manner similar to cron, except that it is not
recurring. The daemon <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">atd</html:code> keeps track of tasks scheduled via
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">at</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">batch</html:code>, and executes them at the specified time.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">atd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig atd off</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">381</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">atd</html:code> service could be used by an unsophisticated insider to carry
out activities outside of a normal login session, which could complicate
accountability. Furthermore, the need to schedule tasks with <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">at</html:code> or
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">batch</html:code> is not common.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27249-2</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000262</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_atd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable atd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_atd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service atd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - atd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_atd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_atd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="restrict_at_cron_users">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict at and cron to Authorized Users if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/cron.allow</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/at.allow</html:code> files contain lists of users who are allowed
to use cron and at to delay execution of processes. If these files exist and
if the corresponding files <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/cron.deny</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/at.deny</html:code> do not exist,
then only users listed in the relevant allow files can run the crontab and at
commands to submit jobs to be run at scheduled intervals.
On many systems, only the system administrator needs the ability to schedule
jobs. Note that even if a given user is not listed in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cron.allow</html:code>, cron jobs can
still be run as that user. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cron.allow</html:code> file controls only administrative access
to the crontab command for scheduling and modifying cron jobs.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To restrict at and cron to only authorized users:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>Remove the cron.deny file:<html:pre>$ sudo rm /etc/cron.deny</html:pre></html:li><html:li>Edit <html:code>/etc/cron.allow</html:code>, adding one line for each user allowed to use the crontab command to create cron jobs.</html:li><html:li>Remove the <html:code>at.deny</html:code> file:<html:pre>$ sudo rm /etc/at.deny</html:pre></html:li><html:li>Edit <html:code>/etc/at.allow</html:code>, adding one line for each user allowed to use the at command to create at jobs.</html:li></html:ul>
</description>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="ssh">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSH Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SSH protocol is recommended for remote login and
remote file transfer. SSH provides confidentiality and integrity
for data exchanged between two systems, as well as server
authentication, through the use of public key cryptography. The
implementation included with the system is called OpenSSH, and more
detailed documentation is available from its website,
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.openssh.org">http://www.openssh.org</html:a>. Its server program is called <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sshd</html:code> and
provided by the RPM package <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openssh-server</html:code>.</description>
      <Value id="sshd_idle_timeout_value" operator="equals" type="number">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSH session Idle time</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify duration of allowed idle time.</description>
        <value>300</value>
        <value selector="5_minutes">300</value>
        <value selector="10_minutes">600</value>
        <value selector="15_minutes">900</value>
        <value selector="60_minutes">3600</value>
        <value selector="120_minutes">7200</value>
      </Value>
      <Rule id="service_sshd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SSH Server If Possible (Unusual)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SSH server service, sshd, is commonly needed.
However, if it can be disabled, do so.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sshd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig sshd off</html:pre>
This is unusual, as SSH is a common method for encrypted and authenticated
remote access.
</description>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27054-6</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_sshd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable sshd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_sshd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service sshd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - sshd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_sshd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="iptables_sshd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove SSH Server iptables Firewall exception (Unusual)</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, inbound connections to SSH's port are allowed. If 
the SSH server is not being used, this exception should be removed from the
firewall configuration.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit the files <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code>
(if IPv6 is in use). In each file, locate and delete the line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
This is unusual, as SSH is a common method for encrypted and authenticated
remote access.
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If inbound SSH connections are not expected, disallowing access to the SSH port will 
avoid possible exploitation of the port by an attacker.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27060-3</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-iptables_sshd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="ssh_server">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure OpenSSH Server if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system needs to act as an SSH server, then
certain changes should be made to the OpenSSH daemon configuration
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>. The following recommendations can be
applied to this file. See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sshd_config(5)</html:code> man page for more
detailed information.</description>
        <Rule id="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allow Only SSH Protocol 2</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Only SSH protocol version 2 connections should be
permitted. The default setting in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code> is correct, and can be
verified by ensuring that the following
line appears:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Protocol 2</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3(10)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">776</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">774</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSH protocol version 1 suffers from design flaws that
result in security vulnerabilities and
should not be used.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27072-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000227</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_allow_only_protocol2" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_replace_or_append"/>
replace_or_append '/etc/ssh/sshd_config' '^Protocol' '2' 'CCE-27072-8' '%s %s'
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_allow_only_protocol2:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_allow_only_protocol2_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_limit_user_access" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit Users' SSH Access</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, the SSH configuration allows any user with an account
to access the system. In order to specify the users that are allowed to login
via SSH and deny all other users, add or correct the following line in the 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code> file:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">DenyUsers USER1 USER2</html:pre>
Where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">USER1</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">USER2</html:code> are valid user names.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx"/>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Specifying which accounts are allowed SSH access into the system reduces the 
possibility of unauthorized access to the system.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27556-0</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_set_idle_timeout" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set SSH Idle Timeout Interval</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSH allows administrators to set an idle timeout
interval.
After this interval has passed, the idle user will be
automatically logged out.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To set an idle timeout interval, edit the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code> as
follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ns0="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.1">ClientAliveInterval <html:b><ns0:sub idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value"/></html:b></html:pre>
The timeout <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">interval</html:b> is given in seconds. To have a timeout
of 15 minutes, set <html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">interval</html:b> to 900.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If a shorter timeout has already been set for the login
shell, that value will preempt any SSH
setting made here. Keep in mind that some processes may stop SSH
from correctly detecting that the user is idle.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(5)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">879</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1133</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Causing idle users to be automatically logged out
guards against compromises one system leading trivially
to compromises on another.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26919-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000230</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_set_idle_timeout" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
sshd_idle_timeout_value="<sub idref="sshd_idle_timeout_value"/>"

grep -q ^ClientAliveInterval /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/ClientAliveInterval.*/ClientAliveInterval $sshd_idle_timeout_value/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "ClientAliveInterval $sshd_idle_timeout_value" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-export export-name="oval:ssg-sshd_idle_timeout_value:var:1" value-id="sshd_idle_timeout_value"/>
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_set_idle_timeout:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_set_idle_timeout_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_set_keepalive" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set SSH Client Alive Count</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To ensure the SSH idle timeout occurs precisely when the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ClientAliveCountMax</html:code> is set,
edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code> as
follows:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ClientAliveCountMax 0</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-2(5)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SA-8</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">879</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1133</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This ensures a user login will be terminated as soon as the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ClientAliveCountMax</html:code>
is reached.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26282-4</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000231</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_set_keepalive" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">grep -q ^ClientAliveCountMax /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/ClientAliveCountMax.*/ClientAliveCountMax 0/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "ClientAliveCountMax 0" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_set_keepalive:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_set_keepalive_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_disable_rhosts" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SSH Support for .rhosts Files</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSH can emulate the behavior of the obsolete rsh
command in allowing users to enable insecure access to their
accounts via <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.rhosts</html:code> files.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To ensure this behavior is disabled, add or correct the
following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IgnoreRhosts yes</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">765</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">766</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSH trust relationships mean a compromise on one host
can allow an attacker to move trivially to other hosts.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27124-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000234</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_disable_rhosts" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_replace_or_append"/>
replace_or_append '/etc/ssh/sshd_config' '^IgnoreRhosts' 'yes' 'CCE-27124-7' '%s %s'
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_disable_rhosts:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_disable_rhosts_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="disable_host_auth" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Host-Based Authentication</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSH's cryptographic host-based authentication is
more secure than <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.rhosts</html:code> authentication. However, it is
not recommended that hosts unilaterally trust one another, even
within an organization.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To disable host-based authentication, add or correct the
following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">HostbasedAuthentication no</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">765</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">766</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSH trust relationships mean a compromise on one host
can allow an attacker to move trivially to other hosts.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27091-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000236</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="disable_host_auth" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">grep -q ^HostbasedAuthentication /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/HostbasedAuthentication.*/HostbasedAuthentication no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "HostbasedAuthentication no" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-disable_host_auth:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-disable_host_auth_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_disable_root_login" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SSH Root Login</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The root user should never be allowed to login to a
system directly over a network.
To disable root login via SSH, add or correct the following line
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PermitRootLogin no</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-6(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-2(1)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">770</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Permitting direct root login reduces auditable information about who ran
privileged commands on the system
and also allows direct attack attempts on root's password.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27100-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000237</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_disable_root_login" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
SSHD_CONFIG='/etc/ssh/sshd_config'

# Obtain line number of first uncommented case-insensitive occurrence of Match
# block directive (possibly prefixed with whitespace) present in $SSHD_CONFIG
FIRST_MATCH_BLOCK=$(sed -n '/^[[:space:]]*Match[^\n]*/I{=;q}' $SSHD_CONFIG)

# Obtain line number of first uncommented case-insensitive occurence of
# PermitRootLogin directive (possibly prefixed with whitespace) present in
# $SSHD_CONFIG
FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN=$(sed -n '/^[[:space:]]*PermitRootLogin[^\n]*/I{=;q}' $SSHD_CONFIG)

# Case: Match block directive not present in $SSHD_CONFIG
if [ -z "$FIRST_MATCH_BLOCK" ]
then

    # Case: PermitRootLogin directive not present in $SSHD_CONFIG yet
    if [ -z "$FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN" ]
    then
        # Append 'PermitRootLogin no' at the end of $SSHD_CONFIG
        echo -e "\nPermitRootLogin no" &gt;&gt; $SSHD_CONFIG

    # Case: PermitRootLogin directive present in $SSHD_CONFIG already
    else
        # Replace first uncommented case-insensitive occurrence
        # of PermitRootLogin directive
        sed -i "$FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN s/^[[:space:]]*PermitRootLogin.*$/PermitRootLogin no/I" $SSHD_CONFIG
    fi

# Case: Match block directive present in $SSHD_CONFIG
else

    # Case: PermitRootLogin directive not present in $SSHD_CONFIG yet
    if [ -z "$FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN" ]
    then
        # Prepend 'PermitRootLogin no' before first uncommented
        # case-insensitive occurrence of Match block directive
        sed -i "$FIRST_MATCH_BLOCK s/^\([[:space:]]*Match[^\n]*\)/PermitRootLogin no\n\1/I" $SSHD_CONFIG

    # Case: PermitRootLogin directive present in $SSHD_CONFIG and placed
    #       before first Match block directive
    elif [ "$FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN" -lt "$FIRST_MATCH_BLOCK" ]
    then
        # Replace first uncommented case-insensitive occurrence
        # of PermitRootLogin directive
        sed -i "$FIRST_PERMIT_ROOT_LOGIN s/^[[:space:]]*PermitRootLogin.*$/PermitRootLogin no/I" $SSHD_CONFIG

    # Case: PermitRootLogin directive present in $SSHD_CONFIG and placed
    # after first Match block directive
    else
         # Prepend 'PermitRootLogin no' before first uncommented
         # case-insensitive occurrence of Match block directive
         sed -i "$FIRST_MATCH_BLOCK s/^\([[:space:]]*Match[^\n]*\)/PermitRootLogin no\n\1/I" $SSHD_CONFIG
    fi
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_disable_root_login:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_disable_root_login_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SSH Access via Empty Passwords</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To explicitly disallow remote login from accounts with
empty passwords, add or correct the following line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PermitEmptyPasswords no</html:pre>
Any accounts with empty passwords should be disabled immediately, and PAM configuration
should prevent users from being able to assign themselves empty passwords.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">765</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">766</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Configuring this setting for the SSH daemon provides additional assurance that
remote login via SSH will require a password,
even in the event of misconfiguration elsewhere.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26887-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000239</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_disable_empty_passwords" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">grep -q ^PermitEmptyPasswords /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PermitEmptyPasswords.*/PermitEmptyPasswords no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PermitEmptyPasswords no" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_disable_empty_passwords:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_disable_empty_passwords_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_enable_warning_banner" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable SSH Warning Banner</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To enable the warning banner and ensure it is consistent
across the system, add or correct the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Banner /etc/issue</html:pre>
Another section contains information on how to create an
appropriate system-wide warning banner.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-8(a)</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">48</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The warning message reinforces policy awareness during the login process and
facilitates possible legal action against attackers.  Alternatively, systems
whose ownership should not be obvious should ensure usage of a banner that does
not provide easy attribution.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27112-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000240</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_enable_warning_banner" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">grep -q ^Banner /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/Banner.*/Banner \/etc\/issue/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Banner /etc/issue" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_enable_warning_banner:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_enable_warning_banner_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Do Not Allow SSH Environment Options</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To ensure users are not able to present
environment options to the SSH daemon, add or correct the following line
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PermitUserEnvironment no</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1414</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSH environment options potentially allow users to bypass
access restriction in some configurations.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27201-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000241</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_do_not_permit_user_env" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">grep -q ^PermitUserEnvironment /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/PermitUserEnvironment.*/PermitUserEnvironment no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "PermitUserEnvironment no" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_do_not_permit_user_env:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_do_not_permit_user_env_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Only Approved Ciphers</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit the ciphers to those algorithms which are FIPS-approved.
Counter (CTR) mode is also preferred over cipher-block chaining (CBC) mode.
The following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>
demonstrates use of FIPS-approved ciphers:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc</html:pre>
The man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sshd_config(5)</html:code> contains a list of supported ciphers.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SI-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-5(1)(c)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">803</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1144</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1145</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1146</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Approved algorithms should impart some level of confidence in their
implementation. These are also required for compliance.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26555-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000243</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_use_approved_ciphers" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="configure">grep -q ^Ciphers /etc/ssh/sshd_config &amp;&amp; \
  sed -i "s/Ciphers.*/Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
if ! [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc" &gt;&gt; /etc/ssh/sshd_config
fi
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_use_approved_ciphers:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_use_approved_ciphers_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="sshd_use_approved_macs" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Only Approved MACs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit the MACs to those hash algorithms which are FIPS-approved.
The following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</html:code>
demonstrates use of FIPS-approved MACs:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">MACs hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1</html:pre>
The man page <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sshd_config(5)</html:code> contains a list of supported MACs.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-17(2)</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">IA-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">SC-13</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">68</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1453</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">803</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">2449</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">2450</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Approved algorithms should impart some level of confidence in their
implementation. These are also required for compliance.
</rationale>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="sshd_use_approved_macs" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_replace_or_append"/>
replace_or_append '/etc/ssh/sshd_config' '^MACs' 'hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1' '' '%s %s'
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sshd_use_approved_macs:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sshd_use_approved_macs_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="sshd_strengthen_firewall">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Strengthen Firewall Configuration if Possible</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the SSH server is expected to only receive connections from 
the local network, then strengthen the default firewall rule for the SSH service
to only accept connections from the appropriate network segment(s).
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Determine an appropriate network block, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netwk</html:code>, and network mask, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mask</html:code>, 
representing the machines on your network which will be allowed to access this SSH server.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit the files <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code>
(if IPv6 is in use). In each file, locate the line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
and replace it with:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-A INPUT -s netwk/mask -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Restricting SSH access to only trusted network segments reduces exposure of the SSH 
server to attacks from unauthorized networks.</rationale>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="sssd">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">System Security Services Daemon</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) is a system daemon that provides access
to different identity and authentication providers such as Red Hat's IdM, Microsoft's AD,
openLDAP, MIT Kerberos, etc. It uses a common framework that can provide caching and offline
support to systems utilizing SSSD. SSSD using caching to reduce load on authentication
servers permit offline authentication as well as store extended user user data.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
For more information, see
<html:b xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en_US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/SSSD-Introduction.html">https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en_US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/SSSD-Introduction.html</html:a></html:b>

</description>
      <Rule id="package_sssd_installed" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install the SSSD Package</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sssd</html:code> package should be installed.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sssd</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install sssd</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
</rationale>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_sssd_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="service_sssd_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable the SSSD Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The SSSD service should be enabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sssd</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo systemctl enable sssd.service</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
</rationale>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_sssd_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="sssd_memcache_timeout" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SSSD's Memory Cache to Expire</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSSD's memory cache should be configured to set to expire records after 1 day.
To configure SSSD to expire memory cache, set <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">memcache_timeout</html:code> to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">86400</html:code> under the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[nss]</html:code> section in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</html:code>.
For example:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[nss]
memcache_timeout = 86400
</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the
authentication information may be questionable.
</rationale>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sssd_memcache_timeout_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="sssd_offline_cred_expiration" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SSSD to Expire Offline Credentials</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSSD should be configured to expire offline credentials after 1 day.
To configure SSSD to expire offline credentials, set
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">offline_credentials_expiration</html:code> to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">1</html:code> under the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[pam]</html:code>
section in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</html:code>. For example:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[pam]
offline_credentials_expiration = 1
</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the
authentication information may be questionable.
</rationale>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sssd_offline_cred_expiration_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="sssd_ssh_known_hosts_timeout" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SSSD to Expire SSH Known Hosts</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSSD should be configured to expire keys from known SSH hosts after 1 day.
To configure SSSD to known SSH hosts, set <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssh_known_hosts_timeout</html:code>
to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">86400</html:code> under the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[ssh]</html:code> section in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</html:code>. For example:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[ssh]
ssh_known_hosts_timeout = 86400
</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the
authentication information may be questionable.
</rationale>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sssd_ssh_known_hosts_timeout_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="xwindows">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">X Window System</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The X Window System implementation included with the
system is called X.org.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_xwindows">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable X Windows</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unless there is a mission-critical reason for the
system to run a graphical user interface, ensure X is not set to start
automatically at boot and remove the X Windows software packages.
There is usually no reason to run X Windows
on a dedicated server machine, as it increases the system's attack surface and consumes
system resources. Administrators of server systems should instead login via
SSH or on the text console.</description>
        <Rule id="xwindows_runlevel_setting" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable X Windows Startup By Setting Runlevel</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Setting the system's runlevel to 3 will prevent automatic startup
of the X server. To do so, ensure the following line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/inittab</html:code>
features a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">3</html:code> as shown:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">id:3:initdefault:</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unnecessary services should be disabled to decrease the attack surface of the system.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27119-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000290</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-xwindows_runlevel_setting:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-xwindows_runlevel_setting_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Remove the X Windows Package Group</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Removing all packages which constitute the X Window System
ensures users or malicious software cannot start X.
To do so, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum groupremove "X Window System"</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unnecessary packages should not be installed to decrease the attack surface of the system.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27198-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000291</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_xorg-x11-server-common_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="avahi">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Avahi Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Avahi daemon implements the DNS Service Discovery
and Multicast DNS protocols, which provide service and host
discovery on a network. It allows a system to automatically
identify resources on the network, such as printers or web servers.
This capability is also known as mDNSresponder and is a major part
of Zeroconf networking. </description>
      <Group id="service_avahi-daemon_disabled_group">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Avahi Server if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Because the Avahi daemon service keeps an open network
port, it is subject to network attacks.
Disabling it can reduce the system's vulnerability to such attacks.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Avahi Server Software</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">avahi-daemon</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig avahi-daemon off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Because the Avahi daemon service keeps an open network
port, it is subject to network attacks. Its functionality
is convenient but is only appropriate if the local network
can be trusted.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27087-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000246</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable avahi-daemon
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_avahi-daemon_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service avahi-daemon
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - avahi-daemon

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_avahi-daemon_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_avahi-daemon_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="avahi_configuration">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Avahi if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If your system requires the Avahi daemon, its configuration can be restricted
to improve security. The Avahi daemon configuration file is
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</html:code>. The following security recommendations
should be applied to this file:
See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">avahi-daemon.conf(5)</html:code> man page, or documentation at
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.avahi.org">http://www.avahi.org</html:a>, for more detailed information about the configuration options.
</description>
        <Rule id="avahi_ip_only" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Serve Avahi Only via Required Protocol</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If you are using only IPv4, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</html:code> and ensure
the following line exists in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[server]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">use-ipv6=no</html:pre>
Similarly, if you are using only IPv6, disable IPv4 sockets with the line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">use-ipv4=no</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27590-9</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-avahi_ip_only:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="avahi_check_ttl" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Check Avahi Responses' TTL Field</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To make Avahi ignore packets unless the TTL field is 255, edit
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</html:code> and ensure the following line
appears in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[server]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">check-response-ttl=yes</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This helps to ensure that only mDNS responses from the local network are
processed, because the TTL field in a packet is decremented from its initial
value of 255 whenever it is routed from one network to another. Although a
properly-configured router or firewall should not allow mDNS packets into
the local network at all, this option provides another check to ensure they
are not permitted.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27340-9</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-avahi_check_ttl:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="avahi_prevent_port_sharing" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Prevent Other Programs from Using Avahi's Port</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To prevent other mDNS stacks from running, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</html:code>
and ensure the following line appears in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[server]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">disallow-other-stacks=yes</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This helps ensure that only Avahi is responsible for mDNS traffic coming from
that port on the system.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27308-6</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-avahi_prevent_port_sharing:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="avahi_disable_publishing" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Avahi Publishing</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To prevent Avahi from publishing its records, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf</html:code>
and ensure the following line appears in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[publish]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">disable-publishing=yes</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This helps ensure that no record will be published by Avahi.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27526-3</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-avahi_disable_publishing:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="avahi_restrict_published_information" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Information Published by Avahi</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If it is necessary to publish some information to the network, it should not be joined
by any extraneous information, or by information supplied by a non-trusted source
on the system.
Prevent user applications from using Avahi to publish services by adding or
correcting the following line in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[publish]</html:code> section:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">disable-user-service-publishing=yes</html:pre>
Implement as many of the following lines as possible, to restrict the information
published by Avahi.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">publish-addresses=no
publish-hinfo=no
publish-workstation=no
publish-domain=no</html:pre>
Inspect the files in the directory <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/avahi/services/</html:code>. Unless there
is an operational need to publish information about each of these services,
delete the corresponding file.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
These options prevent publishing attempts from succeeding,
and can be applied even if publishing is disabled entirely via
disable-publishing. Alternatively, these can be used to restrict
the types of published information in the event that some information
must be published.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27300-3</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-avahi_restrict_published_information:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="printing">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Print Support</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) service provides both local
and network printing support. A system running the CUPS service can accept
print jobs from other systems, process them, and send them to the appropriate
printer. It also provides an interface for remote administration through a web
browser. The CUPS service is installed and activated by default. The project
homepage and more detailed documentation are available at <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.cups.org">http://www.cups.org</html:a>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/> </description>
      <Rule id="service_cups_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable the CUPS Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
          
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cups</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig cups off</html:pre>
        </description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Turn off unneeded services to reduce attack surface.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26899-5</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_cups_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable cups
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_cups_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service cups
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - cups

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_cups_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_cups_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="configure_printing">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the CUPS Service if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">CUPS provides the ability to easily share local printers with
other machines over the network. It does this by allowing machines to share
lists of available printers. Additionally, each machine that runs the CUPS
service can potentially act as a print server. Whenever possible, the printer
sharing and print server capabilities of CUPS should be limited or disabled.
The following recommendations should demonstrate how to do just that.
</description>
        <Rule id="cups_disable_browsing" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Printer Browsing Entirely if Possible</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, CUPS listens on the network for printer list
broadcasts on UDP port 631. This functionality is called printer browsing.
To disable printer browsing entirely, edit the CUPS configuration
file, located at <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/cups/cupsd.conf</html:code>, to include the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Browsing Off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The CUPS print service can be configured to broadcast a list of
available printers to the network. Other machines on the network, also running
the CUPS print service, can be configured to listen to these broadcasts and add
and configure these printers for immediate use. By disabling this browsing
capability, the machine will no longer generate or receive such broadcasts.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27108-0</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-cups_disable_browsing:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="cups_disable_printserver" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Print Server Capabilities</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To prevent remote users from potentially connecting to and using
locally configured printers, disable the CUPS print server sharing
capabilities. To do so, limit how the server will listen for print jobs by
removing the more generic port directive from /etc/cups/cupsd.conf:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Port 631</html:pre>
and replacing it with the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Listen</html:code> directive:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Listen localhost:631</html:pre>
This will prevent remote users from printing to locally configured printers
while still allowing local users on the machine to print normally.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, locally configured printers will not be shared over the
network, but if this functionality has somehow been enabled, these
recommendations will disable it again. Be sure to disable outgoing printer list
broadcasts, or remote users will still be able to see the locally configured
printers, even if they cannot actually print to them. To limit print serving to
a particular set of users, use the Policy directive.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27107-2</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-cups_disable_printserver:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="dhcp">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">DHCP</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) allows
systems to request and obtain an IP address and other configuration
parameters from a server.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
This guide recommends configuring networking on clients by manually editing
the appropriate files under <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig</html:code>.  Use of DHCP can make client 
systems vulnerable to compromise by rogue DHCP servers, and should be avoided 
unless necessary.  If using DHCP is necessary, however, there are best practices 
that should be followed to minimize security risk.
</description>
      <Group id="disabling_dhcp_server">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DHCP Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The DHCP server <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhcpd</html:code> is not installed or activated by
default. If the software was installed and activated, but the
system does not need to act as a DHCP server, it should be disabled
and removed.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_dhcpd_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DHCP Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhcpd</html:code> service should be disabled on
any system that does not need to act as a DHCP server.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhcpd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig dhcpd off</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Unmanaged or unintentionally activated DHCP servers may provide faulty information
to clients, interfering with the operation of a legitimate site
DHCP server if there is one.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27074-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_dhcpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable dhcpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_dhcpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service dhcpd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - dhcpd

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_dhcpd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_dhcpd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_dhcp_removed" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall DHCP Server Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system does not need to act as a DHCP server,
the dhcp package can be uninstalled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhcp</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase dhcp</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Removing the DHCP server ensures that it cannot be easily or
accidentally reactivated and disrupt network operation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27120-5</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_dhcp_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_dhcp_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="dhcp_server_configuration">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DHCP Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system must act as a DHCP server, the configuration
information it serves should be minimized. Also, support for other protocols
and DNS-updating schemes should be explicitly disabled unless needed. The
configuration file for dhcpd is called <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</html:code>. The file
begins with a number of global configuration options. The remainder of the file
is divided into sections, one for each block of addresses offered by dhcpd,
each of which contains configuration options specific to that address
block.</description>
        <Rule id="dhcp_server_disable_ddns" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Do Not Use Dynamic DNS</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To prevent the DHCP server from receiving DNS information from
clients, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</html:code>, and add or correct the following global
option: <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ddns-update-style none;</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The ddns-update-style option controls only whether
the DHCP server will attempt to act as a Dynamic DNS client. As long as the DNS
server itself is correctly configured to reject DDNS attempts, an incorrect
ddns-update-style setting on the client is harmless (but should be fixed as a
best practice).</warning>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Dynamic DNS protocol is used to remotely update the data served
by a DNS server. DHCP servers can use Dynamic DNS to publish information about
their clients. This setup carries security risks, and its use is not
recommended.  If Dynamic DNS must be used despite the risks it poses, it is
critical that Dynamic DNS transactions be protected using TSIG or some other
cryptographic authentication mechanism. See dhcpd.conf(5) for more information
about protecting the DHCP server from passing along malicious DNS data from its
clients.  </rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27049-6</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_server_disable_ddns:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dhcp_server_deny_decline" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deny Decline Messages</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</html:code> and add or correct the following
global option to prevent the DHCP server from responding the DHCPDECLINE
messages, if possible: <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">deny declines;</html:pre> </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The DHCPDECLINE message can be sent by a DHCP client to indicate
that it does not consider the lease offered by the server to be valid. By
issuing many DHCPDECLINE messages, a malicious client can exhaust the DHCP
server's pool of IP addresses, causing the DHCP server to forget old address
allocations.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27106-4</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_server_deny_decline:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dhcp_server_deny_bootp" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deny BOOTP Queries</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unless your network needs to support older BOOTP clients, disable
support for the bootp protocol by adding or correcting the global option:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">deny bootp;</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The bootp option tells dhcpd to respond to BOOTP queries. If support
for this simpler protocol is not needed, it should be disabled to remove attack
vectors against the DHCP server.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27077-7</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_server_deny_bootp:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dhcp_server_minimize_served_info" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Served Information</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf. Examine each address range section within
the file, and ensure that the following options are not defined unless there is
an operational need to provide this information via DHCP:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">option domain-name
option domain-name-servers
option nis-domain
option nis-servers
option ntp-servers
option routers
option time-offset</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">By default, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux client installation uses DHCP
to request much of the above information from the DHCP server. In particular,
domain-name, domain-name-servers, and routers are configured via DHCP.  These
settings are typically necessary for proper network functionality, but are also
usually static across machines at a given site.</warning>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Because the configuration information provided by the DHCP server
could be maliciously provided to clients by a rogue DHCP server, the amount of
information provided via DHCP should be minimized. Remove these definitions
from the DHCP server configuration to ensure that legitimate clients do not
unnecessarily rely on DHCP for this information.
</rationale>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_server_minimize_served_info:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dhcp_server_configure_logging" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Logging</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure that the following line exists in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/rsyslog.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">daemon.*           /var/log/daemon.log</html:pre>
Configure logwatch or other log monitoring tools to summarize error conditions
reported by the dhcpd process.</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-12</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, dhcpd logs notices to the daemon facility. Sending all
daemon messages to a dedicated log file is part of the syslog configuration
outlined in the Logging and Auditing section</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26898-7</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_server_configure_logging:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="disabling_dhcp_client">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DHCP Client</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
DHCP is the default network configuration method provided by the system
installer, and common on many networks. Nevertheless, manual management
of IP addresses for systems implies a greater degree of management and
accountability for network activity.
</description>
        <Rule id="sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DHCP Client</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
For each interface on the system (e.g. eth0), edit
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<html:i>interface</html:i></html:code> and make the
following changes:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li> Correct the BOOTPROTO line to read:
<html:pre>BOOTPROTO=none</html:pre>
</html:li><html:li> Add or correct the following lines, substituting the appropriate
values based on your site's addressing scheme:
<html:pre>NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1</html:pre>
</html:li></html:ul>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
DHCP relies on trusting the local network. If the local network is not trusted,
then it should not be used.  However, the automatic configuration provided by
DHCP is commonly used and the alternative, manual configuration, presents an
unacceptable burden in many circumstances.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27021-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000292</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-sysconfig_networking_bootproto_ifcfg_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="dhcp_client_configuration">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure DHCP Client if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If DHCP must be used, then certain configuration changes can
minimize the amount of information it receives and applies from the network,
and thus the amount of incorrect information a rogue DHCP server could
successfully distribute.  For more information on configuring dhclient, see the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhclient(8)</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dhclient.conf(5)</html:code> man pages.  </description>
        <Rule id="dhcp_client_restrict_options" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize the DHCP-Configured Options</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Create the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</html:code>, and add an
appropriate setting for each of the ten configuration settings which can be
obtained via DHCP. For each setting, do one of the following:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If the setting should <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">not</html:i> be configured remotely by the DHCP server,
select an appropriate static value, and add the line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">supersede <html:code>setting value</html:code>;</html:pre>
If the setting should be configured remotely by the DHCP server, add the lines:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">request <html:code>setting</html:code>;
require <html:code>setting</html:code>;</html:pre>
For example, suppose the DHCP server should provide only the IP address itself
and the subnet mask. Then the entire file should look like:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">supersede domain-name "example.com";
supersede domain-name-servers 192.168.1.2;
supersede nis-domain "";
supersede nis-servers "";
supersede ntp-servers "ntp.example.com ";
supersede routers 192.168.1.1;
supersede time-offset -18000;
request subnet-mask;
require subnet-mask;</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">In this example, the options nis-servers and
nis-domain are set to empty strings, on the assumption that the deprecated NIS
protocol is not in use. It is necessary to supersede settings for unused
services so that they cannot be set by a hostile DHCP server. If an option is
set to an empty string, dhclient will typically not attempt to configure the
service.</warning>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, the DHCP client program, dhclient, requests and applies
ten configuration options (in addition to the IP address) from the DHCP server.
subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers, domain-name,
domain-name-servers, host-name, nis-domain, nis-servers, and ntp-servers.  Many
of the options requested and applied by dhclient may be the same for every
system on a network. It is recommended that almost all configuration options be
assigned statically, and only options which must vary on a host-by-host basis
be assigned via DHCP. This limits the damage which can be done by a rogue DHCP
server.  If appropriate for your site, it is also possible to supersede the
host-name directive in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf</html:code>, establishing a static
hostname for the machine. However, dhclient does not use the host name option
provided by the DHCP server (instead using the value provided by a reverse DNS
lookup).</rationale>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dhcp_client_restrict_options:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="ntp">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Network Time Protocol</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network Time Protocol is used to manage the system
clock over a network. Computer clocks are not very accurate, so
time will drift unpredictably on unmanaged systems. Central time
protocols can be used both to ensure that time is consistent among
a network of machines, and that their time is consistent with the
outside world.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If every system on a network reliably reports the same time, then it is much
easier to correlate log messages in case of an attack. In addition, a number of
cryptographic protocols (such as Kerberos) use timestamps to prevent certain
types of attacks. If your network does not have synchronized time, these
protocols may be unreliable or even unusable.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Depending on the specifics of the network, global time accuracy may be just as
important as local synchronization, or not very important at all. If your
network is connected to the Internet, using a
public timeserver (or one provided by your enterprise) provides globally
accurate timestamps which may be essential in investigating or responding to
an attack which originated outside of your network.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
A typical network setup involves a small number of internal systems operating as NTP
servers, and the remainder obtaining time information from those
internal servers.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
More information on how to configure the NTP server software,
including configuration of cryptographic authentication for
time data, is available at <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.ntp.org">http://www.ntp.org</html:a>.
</description>
      <Rule id="service_ntpd_enabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable the NTP Daemon</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
          
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpd</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 ntpd on</html:pre>
        </description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-8(1)</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">160</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enabling the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpd</html:code> service ensures that the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpd</html:code>
service will be running and that the system will synchronize its time to
any servers specified. This is important whether the system is configured to be
a client (and synchronize only its own clock) or it is also acting as an NTP
server to other systems.  Synchronizing time is essential for authentication
services such as Kerberos, but it is also important for maintaining accurate
logs and auditing possible security breaches.  
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The NTP daemon offers all of the functionality of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpdate</html:code>, which is now 
deprecated.  Additional information on this is available at 
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Dev/DeprecatingNtpdate">http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Dev/DeprecatingNtpdate</html:a></rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27093-4</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000247</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_ntpd_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable ntpd
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_ntpd_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service ntpd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - ntpd

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_ntpd_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_ntpd_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="ntpd_specify_remote_server" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify a Remote NTP Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify a remote NTP server for time synchronization, edit
the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ntp.conf</html:code>. Add or correct the following lines,
substituting the IP or hostname of a remote NTP server for <html:em xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpserver</html:em>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">server <html:i>ntpserver</html:i></html:pre>
This instructs the NTP software to contact that remote server to obtain time
data.
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-8(1)</reference>
        <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">160</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Synchronizing with an NTP server makes it possible
to collate system logs from multiple sources or correlate computer events with
real time events.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27098-3</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000248</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ntpd_specify_remote_server:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ntpd_specify_remote_server_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="ntpd_specify_multiple_servers" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify Additional Remote NTP Servers</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Additional NTP servers can be specified for time synchronization
in the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ntp.conf</html:code>.  To do so, add additional lines of the
following form, substituting the IP address or hostname of a remote NTP server for
<html:em xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ntpserver</html:em>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">server <html:i>ntpserver</html:i></html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-8(1)</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specifying additional NTP servers increases the availability of
accurate time data, in the event that one of the specified servers becomes
unavailable. This is typical for a system acting as an NTP server for
other systems.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26958-9</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ntpd_specify_multiple_servers:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
    </Group>
    <Group id="mail">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Mail Server Software</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Mail servers are used to send and receive email over the network.
Mail is a very common service, and Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs) are obvious
targets of network attack.
Ensure that machines are not running MTAs unnecessarily,
and configure needed MTAs as defensively as possible.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Very few systems at any site should be configured to directly receive email over the
network. Users should instead use mail client programs to retrieve email
from a central server that supports protocols such as IMAP or POP3.
However, it is normal for most systems to be independently capable of sending email,
for instance so that cron jobs can report output to an administrator.
Most MTAs, including Postfix, support a submission-only mode in which mail can be sent from
the local system to a central site MTA (or directly delivered to a local account),
but the system still cannot receive mail directly over a network.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">alternatives</html:code> program in Red Hat Enterprise Linux permits selection of other mail server software
(such as Sendmail), but Postfix is the default and is preferred.
Postfix was coded with security in mind and can also be more effectively contained by
SELinux as its modular design has resulted in separate processes performing specific actions.
More information is available on its website, <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.postfix.org">http://www.postfix.org</html:a>.
</description>
      <Rule id="service_postfix_enabled" selected="false" severity="low">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Postfix Service</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Postfix mail transfer agent is used for local mail delivery
within the system. The default configuration only listens for connections to
the default SMTP port (port 25) on the loopback interface (127.0.0.1).  It is
recommended to leave this service enabled for local mail delivery.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">postfix</html:code> service can be enabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig --level 2345 postfix on</html:pre>
</description>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Local mail delivery is essential to some system maintenance and
notification tasks.
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26325-1</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000287</ident>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_postfix_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command enable postfix
</fix>
        <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_postfix_enabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Enable service postfix
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="yes"
    state="started"
  with_items:
    - postfix

</fix>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_postfix_enabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_postfix_enabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Rule id="package_sendmail_removed" selected="false" severity="medium">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall Sendmail Package</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Sendmail is not the default mail transfer agent and is
not installed by default.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sendmail</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase sendmail</html:pre>
</description>
        <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
        <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The sendmail software was not developed with security in mind and
its design prevents it from being effectively contained by SELinux.  Postfix
should be used instead.  
</rationale>
        <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27515-6</ident>
        <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000288</ident>
        <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
          <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_sendmail_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
        </check>
        <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
          <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_sendmail_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
        </check>
      </Rule>
      <Group id="postfix_client">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SMTP For Mail Clients</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section discusses settings for Postfix in a submission-only
e-mail configuration.</description>
        <Rule id="postfix_network_listening_disabled" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Postfix Network Listening</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/postfix/main.cf</html:code> to ensure that only the following
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">inet_interfaces</html:code> line appears:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">inet_interfaces = localhost</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">382</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This ensures <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">postfix</html:code> accepts mail messages
(such as cron job reports) from the local system only,
and not from the network, which protects it from network attack.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26780-7</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000249</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-postfix_network_listening_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-postfix_network_listening_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="postfix_harden_os">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Operating System to Protect Mail Server
</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The guidance in this section is appropriate for any host which is
operating as a site MTA, whether the mail server runs using Sendmail, Postfix,
or some other software.
</description>
        <Group id="postfix_configure_ssl_certs">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SSL Certificates for Use with SMTP AUTH</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If SMTP AUTH is to be used, the use of SSL to protect credentials in transit is strongly recommended.
There are also configurations for which it may be desirable to encrypt all mail in transit from one MTA to another,
though such configurations are beyond the scope of this guide. In either event, the steps for creating and installing
an SSL certificate are independent of the MTA in use, and are described here.
</description>
          <Group id="postfix_install_ssl_cert">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Security of Postfix SSL Certificate</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Create the PKI directory for mail certificates, if it does not already exist:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo mkdir /etc/pki/tls/mail
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/mail
$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/pki/tls/mail</html:pre>
Using removable media or some other secure transmission format, install the files generated in the previous
step onto the mail server:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pki/tls/mail/serverkey.pem: the private key mailserverkey.pem
/etc/pki/tls/mail/servercert.pem: the certificate file mailservercert.pem</html:pre>
Verify the ownership and permissions of these files:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/mail/serverkey.pem
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/mail/servercert.pem
$ sudo chmod 600 /etc/pki/tls/mail/serverkey.pem
$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/pki/tls/mail/servercert.pem</html:pre>
Verify that the CA's public certificate file has been installed as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:code>, and has the
correct permissions:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem
$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:pre>
</description>
          </Group>
        </Group>
        <Group id="postfix_server_configuration">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Postfix if Necessary</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Postfix stores its configuration files in the directory
/etc/postfix by default. The primary configuration file is
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/postfix/main.cf</html:code>.
</description>
          <Rule id="postfix_server_banner" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SMTP Greeting Banner</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/postfix/main.cf</html:code>, and add or correct the
following line, substituting some other wording for the banner information if
you prefer:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-22</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AU-13</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default greeting banner discloses that the listening mail
process is Postfix.  When remote mail senders connect to the MTA on port 25,
they are greeted by an initial banner as part of the SMTP dialogue. This banner
is necessary, but it frequently gives away too much information, including the
MTA software which is in use, and sometimes also its version number. Remote
mail senders do not need this information in order to send mail, so the banner
should be changed to reveal only the hostname (which is already known and may
be useful) and the word ESMTP, to indicate that the modern SMTP protocol
variant is supported.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27508-1</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-postfix_server_banner:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Group id="postfix_server_denial_of_service">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Postfix Resource Usage to Limit Denial of Service Attacks</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/postfix/main.cf</html:code>. Edit the following lines to
configure the amount of system resources Postfix can consume:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">default_process_limit = 100
smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 10
smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 30
queue_minfree = 20971520
header_size_limit = 51200
message_size_limit = 10485760
smtpd_recipient_limit = 100</html:pre>
The values here are examples.
</description>
            <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Note: The values given here are examples, and may
need to be modified for any particular site. By default, the Postfix anvil
process gathers mail receipt statistics. To get information about about what
connection rates are typical at your site, look in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/maillog</html:code>
for lines with the daemon name postfix/anvil.
</warning>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">These configuration options serve to make it more difficult for
attackers to consume resources on the MTA host.  The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">default_process_limit</html:code> parameter controls how many <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd</html:code>
processes can exist at a time, while
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_client_connection_count_limit</html:code> controls the number of those which
can be occupied by any one remote sender, and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit</html:code> controls the number of connections
any one client can make per minute. By default, local hosts (those in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mynetworks</html:code>) are exempted from per-client rate limiting.  The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">queue_minfree</html:code> parameter establishes a free space threshold, in order
to stop e-mail receipt before the queue filesystem is entirely full. The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">header_size_limit</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">message_size_limit</html:code>, and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_recipient_limit</html:code> parameters place bounds on the legal sizes of
messages received via SMTP.
</rationale>
          </Group>
          <Group id="postfix_server_mail_relay">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Control Mail Relaying</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Postfix's mail relay controls are implemented with the help of the
smtpd recipient restrictions option, which controls the restrictions placed on
the SMTP dialogue once the sender and recipient envelope addresses are known.
The guidance in the following sections should be applied to all machines. If
there are machines which must be allowed to relay mail, but which cannot be
trusted to relay unconditionally, configure SMTP AUTH with SSL support.
</description>
            <Group id="postfix_server_mail_relay_set_trusted_networks">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Trusted Networks and Hosts</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/postfix/main.cf</html:code>, and configure the contents of
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mynetworks</html:code> variable in one of the following ways:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>If any machine in the subnet containing the MTA may be trusted to relay
messages, add or correct the following line:
<html:pre>mynetworks_style = subnet</html:pre>
This is also the default setting, and is in effect if all
<html:code>my_networks_style</html:code> directives are commented.</html:li><html:li>If only the MTA host itself is trusted to relay messages, add or correct
the following line:
<html:pre>mynetworks_style = host</html:pre></html:li><html:li>If the set of machines which can relay is more complicated, manually
specify an entry for each netblock or IP address which is trusted to relay by
setting the <html:code>mynetworks</html:code> variable directly:
<html:pre>mynetworks = 10.0.0.0/16, 192.168.1.0/24, 127.0.0.1</html:pre></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mynetworks</html:code> variable must contain only the set of
machines for which this MTA should unconditionally relay mail. This is a trust
relationship - if spammers gain access to these machines, your site will
effectively become an open relay. It is recommended that only machines which
are managed by you or by another trusted organization be placed in mynetworks,
and users of all other machines be required to use SMTP AUTH to send mail.
</rationale>
            </Group>
            <Group id="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_relay_restrictions">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enact SMTP Relay Restrictions</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure Postfix to restrict addresses to which it
will send mail, see:
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.postfix.org/SMTPD_ACCESS_README.html#danger">http://www.postfix.org/SMTPD_ACCESS_README.html#danger</html:a>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The full contents of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_recipient_restrictions</html:code> will
vary by site, since this is a common place to put spam restrictions and other
site-specific options. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">permit_mynetworks</html:code> option allows all mail to
be relayed from the machines in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mynetworks</html:code>. Then, the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">reject_unauth_destination</html:code> option denies all mail whose destination
address is not local, preventing any other machines from relaying. These two
options should always appear in this order, and should usually follow one
another immediately unless SMTP AUTH is used.
</description>
            </Group>
            <Group id="postfix_server_mail_smtpd_recipient_restrictions">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enact SMTP Recipient Restrictions</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To configure Postfix to restrict addresses to which it
will send mail, see:
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.postfix.org/SMTPD_ACCESS_README.html#danger">http://www.postfix.org/SMTPD_ACCESS_README.html#danger</html:a>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The full contents of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smtpd_recipient_restrictions</html:code> will
vary by site, since this is a common place to put spam restrictions and other
site-specific options. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">permit_mynetworks</html:code> option allows all mail to
be relayed from the machines in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mynetworks</html:code>. Then, the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">reject_unauth_destination</html:code> option denies all mail whose destination
address is not local, preventing any other machines from relaying. These two
options should always appear in this order, and should usually follow one
another immediately unless SMTP AUTH is used.
</description>
            </Group>
            <Group id="postfix_server_mail_relay_smtp_auth_for_untrusted_networks">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Require SMTP AUTH Before Relaying from Untrusted Clients</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SMTP authentication allows remote clients to relay mail safely by
requiring them to authenticate before submitting mail. Postfix's SMTP AUTH uses
an authentication library called SASL, which is not part of Postfix itself.  To
enable the use of SASL authentication, see
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.postfix.org/SASL_README.html">http://www.postfix.org/SASL_README.html</html:a>
</description>
            </Group>
            <Group id="postfix_server_mail_relay_require_tls_for_smtp_auth">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use TLS for SMTP AUTH</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Postfix provides options to use TLS for certificate-based
authentication and encrypted sessions. An encrypted session protects the
information that is transmitted with SMTP mail or with SASL authentication.
To configure Postfix to protect all SMTP AUTH transactions
using TLS, see <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.postfix.org/TLS_README.html">http://www.postfix.org/TLS_README.html</html:a>.
</description>
            </Group>
          </Group>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="ldap">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">LDAP</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">LDAP is a popular directory service, that is, a
standardized way of looking up information from a central database.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 includes software that enables a system to act as both
an LDAP client and server.
</description>
      <Group id="openldap_client">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure OpenLDAP Clients</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section provides information on which security settings are
important to configure in OpenLDAP clients by manually editing the appropriate
configuration files.  Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 provides an automated configuration tool called
authconfig and a graphical wrapper for authconfig called
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">system-config-authentication</html:code>. However, these tools do not provide as
much control over configuration as manual editing of configuration files. The
authconfig tools do not allow you to specify locations of SSL certificate
files, which is useful when trying to use SSL cleanly across several protocols.
Installation and configuration of OpenLDAP on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is available at
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-Directory_Servers.html">https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-Directory_Servers.html</html:a>.
</description>
        <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">Before configuring any system to be an
LDAP client, ensure that a working LDAP server is present on the
network.</warning>
        <Rule id="ldap_client_start_tls" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure LDAP Client to Use TLS For All Transactions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure LDAP to enforce TLS use. First, edit the file 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam_ldap.conf</html:code>, and add or correct the following lines:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssl start_tls</html:pre>
Then review the LDAP server and ensure TLS has been configured.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">776</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">778</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1453</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The ssl directive specifies whether to use ssl or not. If
not specified it will default to no. It should be set to start_tls rather
than doing LDAP over SSL.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26690-8</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000252</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ldap_client_start_tls:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ldap_client_start_tls_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ldap_client_tls_cacertpath" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Certificate Directives for LDAP Use of TLS</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure a copy of a trusted CA certificate has been placed in
the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:code>. Configure LDAP to enforce TLS 
use and to trust certificates signed by that CA. First, edit the file 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pam_ldap.conf</html:code>, and add or correct either of the following lines:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tls_cacertdir /etc/pki/tls/CA</html:pre>
or
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">tls_cacertfile /etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:pre>
Then review the LDAP server and ensure TLS has been configured.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">776</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">778</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1453</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The tls_cacertdir or tls_cacertfile directives are required when
tls_checkpeer is configured (which is the default for openldap versions 2.1 and
up). These directives define the path to the trust certificates signed by the
site CA.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27189-0</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000253</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ldap_client_tls_cacertpath:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ldap_client_tls_cacertpath_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="openldap_server">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure OpenLDAP Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section details some security-relevant settings
for an OpenLDAP server.  Installation and configuration of OpenLDAP on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is available at:
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-Directory_Servers.html">https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-Directory_Servers.html</html:a>.
</description>
        <Rule id="package_openldap-servers_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall openldap-servers Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openldap-servers</html:code> package should be removed if not in use.
Is this machine the OpenLDAP server? If not, remove the package.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase openldap-servers</html:pre>
The openldap-servers RPM is not installed by default on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
machines. It is needed only by the OpenLDAP server, not by the
clients which use LDAP for authentication. If the system is not
intended for use as an LDAP Server it should be removed.
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openldap-servers</html:code> package is not installed by default on RHEL6 machines.
It is needed only by the OpenLDAP server system, not clients which use LDAP for authentication. If
the system is not intended for use as an LDAP server, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">openldap-servers</html:code> should be removed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26858-1</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000256</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_openldap-servers_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_openldap-servers_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="ldap_server_config_certificate_files">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install and Protect LDAP Certificate Files</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Create the PKI directory for LDAP certificates if it does not already exist:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo mkdir /etc/pki/tls/ldap
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/ldap
$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/pki/tls/ldap</html:pre>
Using removable media or some other secure transmission format, install the certificate files
onto the LDAP server:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li><html:code>/etc/pki/tls/ldap/serverkey.pem</html:code>: the private key <html:code>ldapserverkey.pem</html:code></html:li><html:li><html:code>/etc/pki/tls/ldap/servercert.pem</html:code>: the certificate file <html:code>ldapservercert.pem</html:code></html:li></html:ul>
Verify the ownership and permissions of these files:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chown root:ldap /etc/pki/tls/ldap/serverkey.pem
$ sudo chown root:ldap /etc/pki/tls/ldap/servercert.pem
$ sudo chmod 640 /etc/pki/tls/ldap/serverkey.pem
$ sudo chmod 640 /etc/pki/tls/ldap/servercert.pem</html:pre>
Verify that the CA's public certificate file has been installed as
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:code>, and has the correct permissions:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo mkdir /etc/pki/tls/CA
$ sudo chown root:root /etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem
$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/pki/tls/CA/cacert.pem</html:pre>

As a result of these steps, the LDAP server will have access to its own private
certificate and the key with which that certificate is encrypted, and to the
public certificate file belonging to the CA. Note that it would be possible for
the key to be protected further, so that processes running as ldap could not
read it. If this were done, the LDAP server process would need to be restarted
manually whenever the server rebooted.
</description>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="nfs_and_rpc">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">NFS and RPC</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network File System is a popular distributed filesystem for
the Unix environment, and is very widely deployed.  This section discusses the
circumstances under which it is possible to disable NFS and its dependencies,
and then details steps which should be taken to secure
NFS's configuration. This section is relevant to machines operating as NFS
clients, as well as to those operating as NFS servers.
</description>
      <Group id="disabling_nfs">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable All NFS Services if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If there is not a reason for the system to operate as either an
NFS client or an NFS server, follow all instructions in this section to disable
subsystems required by NFS.
</description>
        <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The steps in this section will prevent a machine
from operating as either an NFS client or an NFS server. Only perform these
steps on machines which do not need NFS at all.</warning>
        <Group id="disabling_nfs_services">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Services Used Only by NFS</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If NFS is not needed, disable the NFS client daemons nfslock, rpcgssd, and rpcidmapd.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
All of these daemons run with elevated privileges, and many listen for network
connections. If they are not needed, they should be disabled to improve system
security posture.</description>
          <Rule id="service_nfslock_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Network File System Lock Service (nfslock)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network File System Lock (nfslock) service starts the required
remote procedure call (RPC) processes which allow clients to lock files on the
server. If the local machine is not configured to mount NFS filesystems then
this service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nfslock</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig nfslock off</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27104-9</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_nfslock_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable nfslock
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_nfslock_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service nfslock
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - nfslock

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_nfslock_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_rpcgssd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Secure RPC Client Service (rpcgssd)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The rpcgssd service manages RPCSEC GSS contexts required to secure protocols
that use RPC (most often Kerberos and NFS). The rpcgssd service is the
client-side of RPCSEC GSS. If the system does not require secure RPC then this
service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcgssd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rpcgssd off</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26864-9</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rpcgssd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rpcgssd
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rpcgssd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rpcgssd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rpcgssd

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rpcgssd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable RPC ID Mapping Service (rpcidmapd)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rpcidmapd service is used to map user names and groups to UID
and GID numbers on NFSv4 mounts. If NFS is not in use on the local system then
this service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcidmapd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rpcidmapd off</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26870-6</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rpcidmapd
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rpcidmapd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rpcidmapd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rpcidmapd

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rpcidmapd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_rpcbind_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable RPC Bind service (rpcbind)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rpcbind utility is a server that converts RPC program numbers 
into universal addresses. If RPC calls are not made to servers on the local 
system then this service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcbind</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rpcbind off</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27430-8</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rpcbind_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rpcbind
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rpcbind_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rpcbind
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rpcbind

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rpcbind_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="disabling_netfs">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable netfs if Possible</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To determine if any network filesystems handled by netfs are
currently mounted on the system execute the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ mount -t nfs,nfs4,smbfs,cifs,ncpfs</html:pre>
If the command did not return any output then disable netfs.
</description>
          <Rule id="service_netfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Network File Systems (netfs)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The netfs script manages the boot-time mounting of several types
of networked filesystems, of which NFS and Samba are the most common. If these
filesystem types are not in use, the script can be disabled, protecting the
system somewhat against accidental or malicious changes to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code>
and against flaws in the netfs script itself.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">netfs</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig netfs off</html:pre>
</description>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27137-9</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_netfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable netfs
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_netfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service netfs
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - netfs

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_netfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="nfs_configuring_all_machines">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure All Machines which Use NFS</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The steps in this section are appropriate for all machines which
run NFS, whether they operate as clients or as servers.</description>
        <Group id="nfs_client_or_server_not_both">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Make Each Machine a Client or a Server, not Both</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If NFS must be used, it should be deployed in the simplest
configuration possible to avoid maintainability problems which may lead to
unnecessary security exposure. Due to the reliability and security problems
caused by NFS (specially NFSv3 and NFSv2), it is not a good idea for machines
which act as NFS servers to also mount filesystems via NFS. At the least,
crossed mounts (the situation in which each of two servers mounts a filesystem
from the other) should never be used.
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="nfs_configure_fixed_ports">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure NFS Services to Use Fixed Ports (NFSv3 and NFSv2)</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Firewalling should be done at each host and at the border
firewalls to protect the NFS daemons from remote access, since NFS servers
should never be accessible from outside the organization. However, by default
for NFSv3 and NFSv2, the RPC Bind service assigns each NFS service to a port
dynamically at service startup time. Dynamic ports cannot be protected by port
filtering firewalls such as iptables.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Therefore, restrict each service to always use a given port, so that
firewalling can be done effectively. Note that, because of the way RPC is
implemented, it is not possible to disable the RPC Bind service even if ports
are assigned statically to all RPC services.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
In NFSv4, the mounting and locking protocols have been incorporated into the
protocol, and the server listens on the the well-known TCP port 2049. As such,
NFSv4 does not need to interact with the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcbind, lockd, and rpc.statd</html:code>
daemons, which can and should be disabled in a pure NFSv4 environment. The
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpc.mountd</html:code> daemon is still required on the NFS server to setup
exports, but is not involved in any over-the-wire operations.
</description>
          <Rule id="nfs_fixed_lockd_tcp_port" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure lockd to use static TCP port</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lockd</html:code> daemon to use a static TCP port as
opposed to letting the RPC Bind service dynamically assign a port. Edit the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/nfs</html:code>. Add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOCKD_TCPPORT=lockd-port</html:pre>
Where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lockd-port</html:code> is a port which is not used by any other service on
your network. 
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Restrict service to always use a given port, so that firewalling can be done
effectively.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27149-4</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="nfs_fixed_lockd_udp_port" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure lockd to use static UDP port</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lockd</html:code> daemon to use a static UDP port as
opposed to letting the RPC Bind service dynamically assign a port. Edit the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/nfs</html:code>. Add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LOCKD_UDPPORT=lockd-port</html:pre>
Where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">lockd-port</html:code> is a port which is not used by any other service on
your network.
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Restricting services to always use a given port enables firewalling
to be done more effectively.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27063-7</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="nfs_fixed_statd_port" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure statd to use static port</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">statd</html:code> daemon to use a static port as
opposed to letting the RPC Bind service dynamically assign a port. Edit the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/nfs</html:code>. Add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">STATD_PORT=statd-port</html:pre>
Where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">statd-port</html:code> is a port which is not used by any other service on your network. 
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Restricting services to always use a given port enables firewalling
to be done more effectively.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26889-6</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="nfs_fixed_mountd_port" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure mountd to use static port</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mountd</html:code> daemon to use a static port as
opposed to letting the RPC Bind service dynamically assign a port. Edit the
file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/nfs</html:code>. Add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">MOUNTD_PORT=statd-port</html:pre>
Where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mountd-port</html:code> is a port which is not used by any other service on your network. 
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> Restricting services to always use a given port enables firewalling
to be done more effectively.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27114-8</ident>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="nfs_configuring_clients">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure NFS Clients</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The steps in this section are appropriate for machines which operate as NFS clients.</description>
        <Group id="disabling_nfsd">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable NFS Server Daemons</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
There is no need to run the NFS server daemons <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nfs</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcsvcgssd</html:code> except on a small number of properly secured machines
designated as NFS servers. Ensure that these daemons are turned off on
clients.</description>
          <Rule id="nfs_no_anonymous" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specify UID and GID for Anonymous NFS Connections</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To specify the UID and GID for remote root users, edit the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> file and add the following for each export:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
anonuid=<html:code>value greater than UID_MAX from /etc/login.defs</html:code>
anongid=<html:code>value greater than GID_MAX from /etc/login.defs</html:code>
</html:pre>
Note that a value of "-1" is technically acceptable as this will randomize the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anonuid</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anongid</html:code> values on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 based NFS server. While acceptable from a security perspective,
a value of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">-1</html:code>  may cause interoperability issues, particularly with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 client systems.
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Specifying the anonymous UID and GID ensures that the remote root user is mapped
to a local account which has no permissions on the system.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27414-2</ident>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-nfs_no_anonymous_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_nfs_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Network File System (nfs)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Network File System (NFS) service allows remote hosts to mount
and interact with shared filesystems on the local machine. If the local machine
is not designated as a NFS server then this service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nfs</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig nfs off</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unnecessary services should be disabled to decrease the attack surface of the system.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27199-9</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_nfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable nfs
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_nfs_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service nfs
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - nfs

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_nfs_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_nfs_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Secure RPC Server Service (rpcsvcgssd)</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The rpcsvcgssd service manages RPCSEC GSS contexts required to
secure protocols that use RPC (most often Kerberos and NFS). The rpcsvcgssd
service is the server-side of RPCSEC GSS. If the system does not require secure
RPC then this service should be disabled.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rpcsvcgssd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig rpcsvcgssd off</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Unnecessary services should be disabled to decrease the attack surface of the system.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27122-1</ident>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable rpcsvcgssd
</fix>
            <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service rpcsvcgssd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - rpcsvcgssd

</fix>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_rpcsvcgssd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="mounting_remote_filesystems">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Mount Remote Filesystems with Restrictive Options</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code>. For each filesystem whose type
(column 3) is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nfs</html:code> or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nfs4</html:code>, add the text
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">,nodev,nosuid</html:code> to the list of mount options in column 4. If
appropriate, also add <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">,noexec</html:code>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
See the section titled "Restrict Partition Mount Options" for a description of
the effects of these options. In general, execution of files mounted via NFS
should be considered risky because of the possibility that an adversary could
intercept the request and substitute a malicious file. Allowing setuid files to
be executed from remote servers is particularly risky, both for this reason and
because it requires the clients to extend root-level trust to the NFS
server.</description>
          <Rule id="mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Mount Remote Filesystems with nodev</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nodev</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any NFS mounts.
	
            </description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">MP-2</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Legitimate device files should only exist in the /dev directory. NFS mounts
should not present device files to users.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27090-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000269</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-mount_option_nodev_remote_filesystems_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems" selected="false" severity="medium">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Mount Remote Filesystems with nosuid</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
              
	Add the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">nosuid</html:code> option to the fourth column of
	<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code> for the line which controls mounting of
	any NFS mounts.
	
            </description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">NFS mounts should not present suid binaries to users. Only vendor-supplied suid executables
should be installed to their default location on the local filesystem.</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26972-0</ident>
            <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000270</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
            <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
              <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-mount_option_nosuid_remote_filesystems_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="nfs_configuring_servers">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure NFS Servers</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The steps in this section are appropriate for machines which operate as NFS servers.</description>
        <Group id="configure_exports_restrictively">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure the Exports File Restrictively</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Linux's NFS implementation uses the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> to control what filesystems
and directories may be accessed via NFS. (See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">exports(5)</html:code> manpage for more information about the
format of this file.)
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The syntax of the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">exports</html:code> file is not necessarily checked fully on reload, and syntax errors
can leave your NFS configuration more open than intended. Therefore, exercise caution when modifying
the file.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The syntax of each line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> is:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/DIR	host1(opt1,opt2) host2(opt3)</html:pre>
where <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/DIR</html:code> is a directory or filesystem to export, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">hostN</html:code> is an IP address, netblock,
hostname, domain, or netgroup to which to export, and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">optN</html:code> is an option.
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="use_acl_enforce_auth_restrictions">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Access Lists to Enforce Authorization Restrictions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">When configuring NFS exports, ensure that each export line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> contains
a list of hosts which are allowed to access that export. If no hosts are specified on an export line,
then that export is available to any remote host which requests it. All lines of the exports file should
specify the hosts (or subnets, if needed) which are allowed to access the exported directory, so that
unknown or remote hosts will be denied.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Authorized hosts can be specified in several different formats:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>Name or alias that is recognized by the resolver</html:li><html:li>Fully qualified domain name</html:li><html:li>IP address</html:li><html:li>IP subnets in the format <html:code>address/netmask</html:code> or <html:code>address/CIDR</html:code></html:li></html:ul>
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="export_filesystems_read_only">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Export Filesystems Read-Only if Possible</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If a filesystem is being exported so that users can view the files in a convenient
fashion, but there is no need for users to edit those files, exporting the filesystem read-only
removes an attack vector against the server. The default filesystem export mode is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ro</html:code>,
so do not specify <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rw</html:code> without a good reason.
</description>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="use_root_squashing_all_exports" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Root-Squashing on All Exports</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If a filesystem is exported using root squashing, requests from root on the client
are considered to be unprivileged (mapped to a user such as nobody). This provides some mild
protection against remote abuse of an NFS server. Root squashing is enabled by default, and
should not be disabled.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Ensure that no line in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> contains the option <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">no_root_squash</html:code>.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the NFS server allows root access to local file systems from remote hosts, this
access could be used to compromise the system.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27138-7</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="restrict_nfs_clients_to_privileged_ports" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict NFS Clients to Privileged Ports</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, the server NFS implementation requires that all client requests be made
from ports less than 1024. If your organization has control over machines connected to its
network, and if NFS requests are prohibited at the border firewall, this offers some protection
against malicious requests from unprivileged users. Therefore, the default should not be changed.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To ensure that the default has not been changed, ensure no line in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code> contains the option <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">insecure</html:code>.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allowing client requests to be made from ports higher than 1024 could allow a unprivileged
user to initiate an NFS connection. If the unprivileged user account has been compromised, an
attacker could gain access to data on the NFS server.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27121-3</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="no_insecure_locks_exports" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Insecure File Locking is Not Allowed</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default the NFS server requires secure file-lock requests,
which require credentials from the client in order to lock a file. Most NFS
clients send credentials with file lock requests, however, there are a few
clients that do not send credentials when requesting a file-lock, allowing the
client to only be able to lock world-readable files. To get around this, the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">insecure_locks</html:code> option can be used so these clients can access the
desired export. This poses a security risk by potentially allowing the client
access to data for which it does not have authorization.
Remove any instances of the 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">insecure_locks</html:code> option from the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/exports</html:code>.
</description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">764</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allowing insecure file locking could allow for sensitive data to be
viewed or edited by an unauthorized user.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27167-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000309</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-no_insecure_locks_exports:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-no_insecure_locks_exports_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="dns">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">DNS Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Most organizations have an operational need to run at
least one nameserver. However, there are many common attacks
involving DNS server software, and this server software should
be disabled on any system
on which it is not needed.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_dns_server">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DNS Server</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
DNS software should be disabled on any machine which does not
need to be a nameserver. Note that the BIND DNS server software is
not installed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 by default. The remainder of this section
discusses secure configuration of machines which must be
nameservers.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_named_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable DNS Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">named</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig named off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
All network services involve some risk of compromise due to
implementation flaws and should be disabled if possible.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26873-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_named_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable named
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_named_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service named
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - named

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_named_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_named_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_bind_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall bind Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To remove the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">bind</html:code> package, which contains the
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">named</html:code> service, run the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase bind</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">366</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to make DNS server software available,
removing it provides a safeguard against its activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27030-6</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_bind_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_bind_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="dns_server_isolation">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Isolate DNS from Other Services</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section discusses mechanisms for preventing the DNS server
from interfering with other services. This is done both to protect the
remainder of the network should a nameserver be compromised, and to make direct
attacks on nameservers more difficult.</description>
        <Group id="dns_server_dedicated">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run DNS Software on Dedicated Servers</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Since DNS is
a high-risk service which must frequently be made available to the entire
Internet, it is strongly recommended that no other services be offered by
machines which act as organizational DNS servers.</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="dns_server_chroot">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run DNS Software in a chroot Jail</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">bind-chroot</html:code> package:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install bind-chroot</html:pre>
Place a valid named.conf file inside the chroot jail:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo cp /etc/named.conf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
$ sudo chown root:root /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
$ sudo chmod 644 /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf</html:pre>
Create and populate an appropriate zone directory within the jail, based on the
options directive. If your <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">named.conf</html:code> includes:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">options {
directory "/path/to/DIRNAME ";
...
}</html:pre>
then copy that directory and its contents from the original zone directory:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo cp -r /path/to/DIRNAME /var/named/chroot/DIRNAME</html:pre>
Add or correct the following line within <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/named</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ROOTDIR=/var/named/chroot</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">If you are running BIND in a chroot jail, then you
should use the jailed <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">named.conf</html:code> as the primary nameserver
configuration file. That is, when this guide recommends editing
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code>, you should instead edit
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf</html:code>.
</warning>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Chroot jails are not foolproof. However, they serve to make it more
difficult for a compromised program to be used to attack the entire host. They
do this by restricting a program's ability to traverse the directory upward, so
that files outside the jail are not visible to the chrooted process. Since RHEL
supports a standard mechanism for placing BIND in a chroot jail, you should
take advantage of this feature.</rationale>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="dns_server_protection">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Protect DNS Data from Tampering or Attack</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section discusses DNS configuration options which make it
more difficult for attackers to gain access to private DNS data or to modify
DNS data.</description>
        <Group id="dns_server_separate_internal_external">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run Separate DNS Servers for External and Internal Queries</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Is it possible to run external and internal nameservers on
separate machines? If so, follow the configuration guidance in this section. On
the external nameserver, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code> to add or correct the
following directives:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">options {
  allow-query { any; };
  recursion no;
  ...
};
zone "example.com " IN {
  ...
};</html:pre>
On the internal nameserver, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code>. Add or correct the
following directives, where SUBNET is the numerical IP representation of your
organization in the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xx:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">acl internal {
  SUBNET ;
  localhost;
};
options {
  allow-query { internal; };
  ...
};
zone "internal.example.com " IN {
  ...
};</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enterprise nameservers generally serve two functions. One is to
provide public information about the machines in a domain for the benefit of
outside users who wish to contact those machines, for instance in order to send
mail to users in the enterprise, or to visit the enterprise's external web
page. The other is to provide nameservice to client machines within the
enterprise. Client machines require both private information about enterprise
machines (which may be different from the public information served to the rest
of the world) and public information about machines outside the enterprise,
which is used to send mail or visit websites outside of the organization.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
In order to provide the public nameservice function, it is necessary to share
data with untrusted machines which request it - otherwise, the enterprise
cannot be conveniently contacted by outside users. However, internal data
should be protected from disclosure, and serving irrelevant public name queries
for outside domains leaves the DNS server open to cache poisoning and other
attacks. Therefore, local network nameservice functions should not be provided
to untrusted machines.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Separate machines should be used to fill these two functions whenever possible.
</rationale>
        </Group>
        <Group id="dns_server_partition_with_views">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Views to Partition External and Internal Information</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If it is not possible to run external and internal nameservers on
separate physical machines, run BIND9 and simulate this feature using views.
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code>. Add or correct the following directives (where
SUBNET is the numerical IP representation of your organization in the form
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xx):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">acl internal {
  SUBNET ;
  localhost;
};
view "internal-view" {
  match-clients { internal; };
  zone "." IN {
    type hint;
    file "db.cache";
  };
  zone "internal.example.com " IN {
    ...
  };
};

view "external-view" {
  match-clients { any; };
  recursion no;
  zone "example.com " IN {
    ...
  };
};</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">As shown in the example, database files which are
required for recursion, such as the root hints file, must be available to any
clients which are allowed to make recursive queries. Under typical
circumstances, this includes only the internal clients which are allowed to use
this server as a general-purpose nameserver.</warning>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The view feature is provided by BIND9 as a way to allow a single
nameserver to make different sets of data available to different sets of
clients. If possible, it is always better to run external and internal
nameservers on separate machines, so that even complete compromise of the
external server cannot be used to obtain internal data or confuse internal DNS
clients. However, this is not always feasible, and use of a feature like views
is preferable to leaving internal DNS data entirely unprotected.</rationale>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="dns_server_disable_zone_transfers" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Zone Transfers from the Nameserver</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Is it necessary for a secondary nameserver to receive zone data
via zone transfer from the primary server?  If not, follow the instructions in
this section. If so, see the next section for instructions on protecting zone
transfers.
Add or correct the following directive within <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">options {
  allow-transfer { none; };
  ...
}</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If both the primary and secondary nameserver are under your control,
or if you have only one nameserver, it may be possible to use an external
configuration management mechanism to distribute zone updates. In that case, it
is not necessary to allow zone transfers within BIND itself, so they should be
disabled to avoid the potential for abuse.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27528-9</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dns_server_authenticate_zone_transfers" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Authenticate Zone Transfers</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If it is necessary for a secondary nameserver to receive zone data
via zone transfer from the primary server, follow the instructions here.  Use
dnssec-keygen to create a symmetric key file in the current directory:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ cd /tmp
$ sudo dnssec-keygen -a HMAC-MD5 -b 128 -n HOST dns.example.com
Kdns.example.com .+aaa +iiiii</html:pre>
This output is the name of a file containing the new key. Read the file to find
the base64-encoded key string:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo cat Kdns.example.com .+NNN +MMMMM .key
dns.example.com IN KEY 512 3 157 base64-key-string</html:pre>
Add the directives to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code> on the primary server:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">key zone-transfer-key {
  algorithm hmac-md5;
  secret "base64-key-string ";
};
zone "example.com " IN {
  type master;
  allow-transfer { key zone-transfer-key; };
  ...
};</html:pre>
Add the directives below to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code> on the secondary nameserver:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">key zone-transfer-key {
  algorithm hmac-md5;
  secret "base64-key-string ";
};

server IP-OF-MASTER {
  keys { zone-transfer-key; };
};

zone "example.com " IN {
  type slave;
  masters { IP-OF-MASTER ; };
  ...
};</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">The purpose of the dnssec-keygen command is to
create the shared secret string base64-key-string. Once this secret has been
obtained and inserted into named.conf on the primary and secondary servers, the
key files Kdns.example.com .+NNN +MMMMM .key and Kdns.example.com .+NNN +MMMMM
.private are no longer needed, and may safely be deleted.</warning>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The BIND transaction signature (TSIG) functionality allows primary
and secondary nameservers to use a shared secret to verify authorization to
perform zone transfers. This method is more secure than using IP-based limiting
to restrict nameserver access, since IP addresses can be easily spoofed.
However, if you cannot configure TSIG between your servers because, for
instance, the secondary nameserver is not under your control and its
administrators are unwilling to configure TSIG, you can configure an
allow-transfer directive with numerical IP addresses or ACLs as a last resort.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27496-9</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="dns_server_disable_dynamic_updates" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Dynamic Updates</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Is there a mission-critical reason to enable the risky dynamic
update functionality? If not, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/named.conf</html:code>. For each zone
specification, correct the following directive if necessary:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">zone "example.com " IN {
  allow-update { none; };
  ...
};</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Dynamic updates allow remote servers to add, delete, or modify any
entries in your zone file. Therefore, they should be considered highly risky,
and disabled unless there is a very good reason for their use. If dynamic
updates must be allowed, IP-based ACLs are insufficient protection, since they
are easily spoofed. Instead, use TSIG keys (see the previous section for an
example), and consider using the update-policy directive to restrict changes to
only the precise type of change needed.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27105-6</ident>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="ftp">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">FTP Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">FTP is a common method for allowing remote access to
files. Like telnet, the FTP protocol is unencrypted, which means
that passwords and other data transmitted during the session can be
captured and that the session is vulnerable to hijacking.
Therefore, running the FTP server software is not recommended.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
However, there are some FTP server configurations which may
be appropriate for some environments, particularly those which
allow only read-only anonymous access as a means of downloading
data available to the public.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_vsftpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable vsftpd if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To minimize attack surface, disable vsftpd if at all
possible.</description>
        <Rule id="service_vsftpd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable vsftpd Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig vsftpd off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running FTP server software provides a network-based avenue
of attack, and should be disabled if not needed.
Furthermore, the FTP protocol is unencrypted and creates
a risk of compromising sensitive information.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26948-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_vsftpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable vsftpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_vsftpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service vsftpd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - vsftpd

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_vsftpd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_vsftpd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_vsftpd_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall vsftpd Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase vsftpd</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Removing the vsftpd package decreases the risk of its
accidental activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26687-4</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_vsftpd_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_vsftpd_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="ftp_use_vsftpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use vsftpd to Provide FTP Service if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If your use-case requires FTP service, install and
set-up vsftpd to provide it.</description>
        <Rule id="package_vsftpd_installed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install vsftpd Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If this machine must operate as an FTP server, install the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd</html:code> package via the standard channels.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install vsftpd</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">After Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1, Red Hat switched from distributing wu-ftpd with Red Hat Enterprise Linux to distributing vsftpd. For security
and for consistency with future Red Hat releases, the use of vsftpd is recommended.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27187-4</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_vsftpd_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install vsftpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_vsftpd_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure vsftpd is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - vsftpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_vsftpd_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_vsftpd

class install_vsftpd {
  package { 'vsftpd':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_vsftpd_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=vsftpd
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_vsftpd_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="ftp_configure_vsftpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use vsftpd to Provide FTP Service if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The primary vsftpd configuration file is
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftpd.conf</html:code>, if that file exists, or
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</html:code> if it does not. 
</description>
        <Rule id="ftp_log_transactions" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable Logging of All FTP Transactions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Add or correct the following configuration options within the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd</html:code>
configuration file, located at <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">xferlog_enable=YES
xferlog_std_format=NO
log_ftp_protocol=YES</html:pre>
</description>
          <warning xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" category="general">If verbose logging to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd.log</html:code> is done, sparse logging of downloads to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/xferlog</html:code> will not also occur. However, the information about what files were downloaded is included in the information logged to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">vsftpd.log</html:code></warning>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To trace malicious activity facilitated by the FTP service, it must be configured to ensure that all commands sent to
the FTP server are logged using the verbose vsftpd log
format. The default vsftpd log file is <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/log/vsftpd.log</html:code>.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27142-9</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000339</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_log_transactions:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ftp_log_transactions_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ftp_present_banner" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Create Warning Banners for All FTP Users</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Edit the vsftpd configuration file, which resides at <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</html:code>
by default. Add or correct the following configuration options:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">banner_file=/etc/issue</html:pre>
</description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">48</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This setting will cause the system greeting banner to be used for FTP connections as well.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27145-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000348</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_present_banner:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-ftp_present_banner_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="ftp_restrict_users">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict the Set of Users Allowed to Access FTP</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This section describes how to disable non-anonymous (password-based) FTP logins, or, if it is not possible to
do this entirely due to legacy applications, how to restrict insecure FTP login to only those users who have an
identified need for this access.</description>
          <Rule id="ftp_restrict_to_anon" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Access to Anonymous Users if Possible</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Is there a mission-critical reason for users to transfer files to/from their own accounts using FTP, rather than
using a secure protocol like SCP/SFTP? If not, edit the vsftpd configuration file. Add or correct the following configuration option:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">local_enable=NO</html:pre>
If non-anonymous FTP logins are necessary, follow the guidance in the remainder of this section to secure
these logins as much as possible.</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">AC-3</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The use of non-anonymous FTP logins is strongly discouraged. Since SSH clients and servers are widely available, and since SSH provides support for a transfer mode which resembles FTP in user interface, there is no good reason to allow password-based FTP access. </rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27115-5</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_restrict_to_anon:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="ftp_limit_users" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit Users Allowed FTP Access if Necessary</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If there is a mission-critical reason for users to access their accounts via the insecure FTP protocol, limit the set of users who are allowed this access. Edit the vsftpd configuration file. Add or correct the following configuration options:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">userlist_enable=YES
userlist_file=/etc/vsftp.ftpusers
userlist_deny=NO</html:pre>
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftp.ftpusers</html:code>. For each user USERNAME who should be allowed to access the system via FTP, add a line containing that user's name:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">USERNAME</html:pre>
If anonymous access is also required, add the anonymous usernames to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/vsftp.ftpusers</html:code> as well.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">anonymous
ftp</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Historically, the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/ftpusers</html:code> contained a list of users who were not allowed to access the system via FTP. It was used to prevent system users such as the root user from logging in via the insecure FTP protocol. However, when the configuration option <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">userlist deny=NO</html:code> is set, vsftpd interprets ftpusers as the set of users who are allowed to login via FTP. Since it should be possible for most users to access their accounts via secure protocols, it is recommended that this setting be used, so that non-anonymous FTP access can be limited to legacy users who have been explicitly identified.</rationale>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_limit_users:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="ftp_disable_uploads" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable FTP Uploads if Possible</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Is there a mission-critical reason for users to upload files via FTP? If not,
edit the vsftpd configuration file to add or correct the following configuration options:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">write_enable=NO</html:pre>
If FTP uploads are necessary, follow the guidance in the remainder of this section to secure these transactions
as much as possible.</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Anonymous FTP can be a convenient way to make files available for universal download. However, it is less
common to have a need to allow unauthenticated users to place files on the FTP server. If this must be done, it
is necessary to ensure that files cannot be uploaded and downloaded from the same directory.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27117-1</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_disable_uploads:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ftp_home_partition" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Place the FTP Home Directory on its Own Partition</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, the anonymous FTP root is the home directory of the FTP user account. The df command can
be used to verify that this directory is on its own partition.</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If there is a mission-critical reason for anonymous users to upload files, precautions must be taken to prevent
these users from filling a disk used by other services.</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27411-8</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="ftp_configure_firewall" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Firewalls to Protect the FTP Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code>
blocks access to the ports used by the web server.

        To configure <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> to allow port
        21 traffic one must edit
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code> (if IPv6 is in use).
        Add the following line, ensuring that it appears before the final LOG
        and DROP lines for the INPUT chain:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
Edit the file <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables-config</html:code>. Ensure that the space-separated list of modules contains
the FTP connection tracking module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"</html:pre></description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">These settings configure iptables to allow connections to an FTP server. The first line allows initial connections
to the FTP server port.
FTP is an older protocol which is not very compatible with firewalls. During the initial FTP dialogue, the client
and server negotiate an arbitrary port to be used for data transfer. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ip_conntrack_ftp</html:code>  module is used by
iptables to listen to that dialogue and allow connections to the data ports which FTP negotiates. This allows an
FTP server to operate on a machine which is running a firewall.</rationale>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-ftp_configure_firewall:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="http">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Web Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The web server is responsible for providing access to
content via the HTTP protocol. Web servers represent a significant
security risk because:
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>The HTTP port is commonly probed by malicious sources</html:li><html:li>Web server software is very complex, and includes a long
history of vulnerabilities</html:li><html:li>The HTTP protocol is unencrypted and vulnerable to passive
monitoring</html:li></html:ul>
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The system's default web server software is Apache 2 and is
provided in the RPM package <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code>.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_httpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Apache if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If Apache was installed and activated, but the system
does not need to act as a web server, then it should be disabled
and removed from the system.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_httpd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable httpd Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig httpd off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running web server software provides a network-based avenue
of attack, and should be disabled if not needed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27075-1</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_httpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable httpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_httpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service httpd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - httpd

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_httpd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_httpd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_httpd_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall httpd Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase httpd</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to make the web server software available,
removing it provides a safeguard against its activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27133-8</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_httpd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove httpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_httpd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure httpd is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - httpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_httpd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_httpd

class remove_httpd {
  package { 'httpd':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_httpd_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=httpd
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_httpd_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_httpd_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="installing_httpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install Apache if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> was not installed and activated, but the system
needs to act as a web server, then it should be installed on the system. Follow these
guidelines to install it defensively. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> package can be installed with
the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install httpd</html:pre>
This method of installation is recommended over installing the "Web Server"
package group during the system installation process. The Web Server package
group includes many packages which are likely extraneous, while the
command-line method installs only the required <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> package itself.
</description>
        <Group id="httpd_minimal_modules_installed">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Confirm Minimal Built-in Modules Installed</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> installation minimizes the number of
modules that are compiled directly into the binary (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">core prefork http_core
mod_so</html:code>). This minimizes risk by limiting the capabilities allowed by the
web server.

Query the set of compiled-in modules using the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ httpd -l</html:pre>
If the number of compiled-in modules is significantly larger than the
aforementioned set, this guide recommends re-installing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> with a
reduced configuration. Minimizing the number of modules that are compiled into
the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> binary, reduces risk by limiting the capabilities allowed by
the webserver.
</description>
        </Group>
      </Group>
      <Group id="securing_httpd">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Secure Apache Configuration</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> configuration file is
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</html:code>. Apply the recommendations in the remainder
of this section to this file.</description>
        <Group id="httpd_restrict_info_leakage">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Web Server Information Leakage</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerTokens</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerSignature</html:code> directives determine how
much information the web server discloses about the configuration of the
system.</description>
          <Rule id="httpd_servertokens_prod" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set httpd ServerTokens Directive to Prod</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"><html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerTokens Prod</html:code> restricts information in page headers, returning only the word "Apache."
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Add or correct the following directive in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerTokens Prod</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Information disclosed to clients about the configuration of the web server and system could be used
to plan an attack on the given system. This information disclosure should be restricted to a minimum.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27425-8</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="httpd_serversignature_off" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set httpd ServerSignature Directive to Off</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"><html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerSignature Off</html:code> restricts <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> from displaying server version number
on error pages.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Add or correct the following directive in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ServerSignature Off</html:pre>
</description>
            <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Information disclosed to clients about the configuration of the web server and system could be used
to plan an attack on the given system. This information disclosure should be restricted to a minimum.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27586-7</ident>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_minimize_loadable_modules">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Web Server Loadable Modules</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
A default installation of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> includes a plethora of dynamically shared objects (DSO)
that are loaded at run-time. Unlike the aforementioned compiled-in modules, a DSO can be
disabled in the configuration file by removing the corresponding LoadModule directive.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Note: A DSO only provides additional functionality if associated directives are included
in the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> configuration file. It should also be noted that removing a DSO will produce
errors on <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> startup if the configuration file contains directives that apply to that
module. Refer to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">http://httpd.apache.org/docs/</html:a></html:code> for details on which directives
are associated with each DSO.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Following each DSO removal, the configuration can be tested with the following command
to check if everything still works:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service httpd configtest</html:pre>
The purpose of each of the modules loaded by default will now be addressed one at a time.
If none of a module's directives are being used, remove it.
</description>
          <Group id="httpd_core_modules">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">httpd Core Modules</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
These modules comprise a basic subset of modules that are likely needed for base <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code>
functionality; ensure they are not commented out in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mome.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so</html:pre>
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</description>
            <Group id="httpd_basic_authentication">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Modules for HTTP Basic Authentication</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The following modules are necessary if this web server will provide content that will
be restricted by a password.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Authentication can be performed using local plain text password files (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authn_file</html:code>),
local DBM password files (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authn_dbm</html:code>) or an LDAP directory. The only module required by
the web server depends on your choice of authentication. Comment out the modules you don't
need from the following:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so</html:pre>
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authn_alias</html:code> allows for authentication based on aliases. <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authn_anon</html:code>
allows anonymous authentication similar to that of anonymous ftp sites. <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authz_owner</html:code>
allows authorization based on file ownership. <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">authz_dbm</html:code> allows for authorization
based on group membership if the web server is using DBM authentication.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If the above functionality is unnecessary, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so</html:pre>
</description>
            </Group>
            <Rule id="httpd_digest_authentication" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable HTTP Digest Authentication</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">auth_digest</html:code> module provides encrypted authentication sessions.
If this functionality is unnecessary, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so</html:pre>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27553-7</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_mod_rewrite" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable HTTP mod_rewrite</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_rewrite</html:code> module is very powerful and can protect against
certain classes of web attacks. However, it is also very complex and has a
significant history of vulnerabilities itself. If its functionality is
unnecessary, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so</html:pre>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27570-1</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_ldap_support" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable LDAP Support</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ldap</html:code> module provides HTTP authentication via an LDAP directory.
If its functionality is unnecessary, comment out the related modules:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so
#LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so</html:pre>
If LDAP is to be used, SSL encryption should be used as well.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27395-3</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_server_side_includes" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Server Side Includes</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Server Side Includes provide a method of dynamically generating web pages through the
insertion of server-side code. However, the technology is also deprecated and
introduces significant security concerns.
If this functionality is unnecessary, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so</html:pre>
If there is a critical need for Server Side Includes, they should be enabled with the
option <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">IncludesNoExec</html:code> to prevent arbitrary code execution. Additionally, user
supplied data should be encoded to prevent cross-site scripting vulnerabilities.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27558-6</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_mime_magic" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable MIME Magic</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mime_magic</html:code> module provides a second layer of MIME support that in most configurations
is likely extraneous. If its functionality is unnecessary, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so</html:pre>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27541-2</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_webdav" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable WebDAV (Distributed Authoring and Versioning)</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
WebDAV is an extension of the HTTP protocol that provides distributed and
collaborative access to web content. If its functionality is unnecessary,
comment out the related modules:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so</html:pre>
If there is a critical need for WebDAV, extra care should be taken in its configuration.
Since DAV access allows remote clients to manipulate server files, any location on the
server that is DAV enabled should be protected by access controls.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server, reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27329-2</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_server_activity_status" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Server Activity Status</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">status</html:code> module provides real-time access to statistics on the internal operation of
the web server. This may constitute an unnecessary information leak and should be disabled
unless necessary. To do so, comment out the related module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so</html:pre>
If there is a critical need for this module, ensure that access to the status
page is properly restricted to a limited set of hosts in the status handler
configuration.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27468-8</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_server_configuration_display" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Web Server Configuration Display</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">info</html:code> module creates a web page illustrating the configuration of the web server. This
can create an unnecessary security leak and should be disabled.
If its functionality is unnecessary, comment out the module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so</html:pre>
If there is a critical need for this module, use the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Location</html:code> directive to provide
an access control list to restrict access to the information.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27507-3</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_url_correction" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable URL Correction on Misspelled Entries</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">speling</html:code> module attempts to find a document match by allowing one misspelling in an
otherwise failed request. If this functionality is unnecessary, comment out the module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so</html:pre>
This functionality weakens server security by making site enumeration easier.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27276-5</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_proxy_support" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Proxy Support</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">proxy</html:code> module provides proxying support, allowing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> to forward requests and
serve as a gateway for other servers. If its functionality is unnecessary, comment out the module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so</html:pre>

If proxy support is needed, load <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_proxy</html:code> and the appropriate proxy protocol handler
module (one of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_proxy_http</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_proxy_ftp</html:code>, or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_proxy_connect</html:code>). Additionally,
make certain that a server is secure before enabling proxying, as open proxy servers
are a security risk. <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_proxy_balancer</html:code> enables load balancing, but requires that
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod status</html:code> be enabled.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27442-3</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_cache_support" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Cache Support</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cache</html:code> module allows <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> to cache data, optimizing access to
frequently accessed content. However, it introduces potential security flaws
such as the possibility of circumventing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Allow</html:code> and
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Deny</html:code> directives.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/> If this functionality is
unnecessary, comment out the module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so</html:pre>
If caching is required, it should not be enabled for any limited-access content.
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26859-9</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="httpd_cgi_support" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable CGI Support</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">cgi</html:code> module allows HTML to interact with the CGI web programming language.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
If this functionality is unnecessary, comment out the module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so</html:pre>

If the web server requires the use of CGI, enable <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_cgi</html:code>.

</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27362-3</ident>
            </Rule>
            <Group id="httpd_optional_components">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Various Optional Components</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The following modules perform very specific tasks, sometimes providing access to
just a few additional directives. If such functionality is not required (or if you
are not using these directives), comment out the associated module:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>External filtering (response passed through external program prior to client delivery)
<html:pre>#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so</html:pre></html:li><html:li>User-specified Cache Control and Expiration
<html:pre>#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so</html:pre></html:li><html:li>Compression Output Filter (provides content compression prior to client delivery)
<html:pre>#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so</html:pre></html:li><html:li>HTTP Response/Request Header Customization
<html:pre>#LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so</html:pre></html:li><html:li>User activity monitoring via cookies
<html:pre>#LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so</html:pre></html:li><html:li>Dynamically configured mass virtual hosting
<html:pre>#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so</html:pre></html:li></html:ul>
Minimizing the number of loadable modules available to the web server reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</description>
            </Group>
            <Group id="httpd_minimize_config_files_included">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Minimize Configuration Files Included</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Include</html:code> directive directs <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> to load supplementary configuration files
from a provided path. The default configuration loads all files that end in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">.conf</html:code>
from the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf.d</html:code> directory.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
To restrict excess configuration, the following line should be commented out and
replaced with <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Include</html:code> directives that only reference required configuration files:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">#Include conf.d/*.conf</html:pre>
If the above change was made, ensure that the SSL encryption remains loaded by
explicitly including the corresponding configuration file:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Include conf.d/ssl.conf</html:pre>
If PHP is necessary, a similar alteration must be made:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Include conf.d/php.conf</html:pre>

Explicitly listing the configuration files to be loaded during web server start-up avoids
the possibility of unwanted or malicious configuration files to be automatically included as
part of the server's running configuration.

</description>
            </Group>
          </Group>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_directory_restrictions">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Directory Restrictions</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Directory tags in the web server configuration file allow finer grained access
control for a specified directory. All web directories should be configured on a
case-by-case basis, allowing access only where needed.
</description>
          <Rule id="httpd_restrict_root_directory" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Root Directory</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> root directory should always have the most restrictive configuration enabled.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">&lt;Directory / &gt;
   Options None
   AllowOverride None
   Order allow,deny
&lt;/Directory&gt;</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Web Server's root directory content should be protected from unauthorized access
by web clients.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27009-0</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="httpd_restrict_web_directory" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Web Directory</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The default configuration for the web (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/www/html</html:code>) Directory allows directory
indexing (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Indexes</html:code>) and the following of symbolic links (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">FollowSymLinks</html:code>).
Neither of these is recommended.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/var/www/html</html:code> directory hierarchy should not be viewable via the web, and
symlinks should only be followed if the owner of the symlink also owns the linked file.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Ensure that this policy is adhered to by altering the related section of the configuration:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">&lt;Directory "/var/www/html"&gt;
#  ...
   Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
#  ...
&lt;/Directory&gt;</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Access to the web server's directory hierarchy could allow access to unauthorized files
by web clients. Following symbolic links could also allow such access.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27574-3</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="httpd_restrict_critical_directories" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Other Critical Directories</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
All accessible web directories should be configured with similarly restrictive settings.
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Options</html:code> directive should be limited to necessary functionality and the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">AllowOverride</html:code>
directive should be used only if needed. The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Order</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Deny</html:code> access control tags
should be used to deny access by default, allowing access only where necessary.
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Directories accessible from a web client should be configured with the least amount of
access possible in order to avoid unauthorized access to restricted content or server information.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27565-1</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="httpd_limit_available_methods" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Limit Available Methods</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Web server methods are defined in section 9 of RFC 2616 (<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt</html:a>).
If a web server does not require the implementation of all available methods,
they should be disabled.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Note: <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">GET</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">POST</html:code> are the most common methods. A majority of the others
are limited to the WebDAV protocol.
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">&lt;Directory /var/www/html&gt;
# ...
   # Only allow specific methods (this command is case-sensitive!)
   &lt;LimitExcept GET POST&gt;
      Order allow,deny
   &lt;/LimitExcept&gt;
# ...
&lt;/Directory&gt;</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimizing the number of available methods to the web client reduces risk
by limiting the capabilities allowed by the web server.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27581-8</ident>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_modules_improve_security">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Appropriate Modules to Improve httpd's Security</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Among the modules available for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> are several whose use may improve the
security of the web server installation. This section recommends and discusses
the deployment of security-relevant modules.
</description>
          <Group id="httpd_deploy_mod_ssl">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deploy mod_ssl</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Because HTTP is a plain text protocol, all traffic is susceptible to passive
monitoring. If there is a need for confidentiality, SSL should be configured
and enabled to encrypt content.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Note: <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_nss</html:code> is a FIPS 140-2 certified alternative to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_ssl</html:code>.
The modules share a considerable amount of code and should be nearly identical
in functionality. If FIPS 140-2 validation is required, then <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_nss</html:code> should
be used. If it provides some feature or its greater compatibility is required,
then <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_ssl</html:code> should be used.
</description>
            <Rule id="httpd_install_mod_ssl" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install mod_ssl</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Install the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_ssl</html:code> module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install mod_ssl</html:pre>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"><html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_ssl</html:code> provides encryption capabilities for the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> Web server. Unencrypted
content is transmitted in plain text which could be passively monitored and accessed by
unauthorized parties.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27403-5</ident>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
          <Group id="httpd_deploy_mod_security">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Deploy mod_security</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">security</html:code> module provides an application level firewall for <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code>.
Following its installation with the base ruleset, specific configuration advice can be found at
<html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.modsecurity.org/">http://www.modsecurity.org/</html:a> to design a policy that best matches the security needs of
the web applications. Usage of <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_security</html:code> is highly recommended for some environments,
but it should be noted this module does not ship with Red Hat Enterprise Linux itself,
and instead is provided via Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL).
For more information on EPEL please refer to <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL">http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL</html:a>.
</description>
            <Rule id="httpd_install_mod_security" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install mod_security</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Install the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">security</html:code> module:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install mod_security</html:pre>

</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"><html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_security</html:code> provides an additional level of protection for the web server by
enabling the administrator to implement content access policies and filters at the
application layer.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27525-5</ident>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_use_dos_protection_modules">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Use Denial-of-Service Protection Modules</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Denial-of-service attacks are difficult to detect and prevent while maintaining
acceptable access to authorized users. However, some traffic-shaping
modules can be used to address the problem. Well-known DoS protection modules include:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mod_cband mod_bwshare mod_limitipconn mod_evasive</html:pre>
Denial-of-service prevention should be implemented for a web server if such a threat exists.
However, specific configuration details are very dependent on the environment and often best left
at the discretion of the administrator.
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_configure_php_securely">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure PHP Securely</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
PHP is a widely-used and often misconfigured server-side scripting language. It should
be used with caution, but configured appropriately when needed.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Review <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/php.ini</html:code> and make the following changes if possible:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"># Do not expose PHP error messages to external users
display_errors = Off

# Enable safe mode
safe_mode = On

# Only allow access to executables in isolated directory
safe_mode_exec_dir = php-required-executables-path

# Limit external access to PHP environment
safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_

# Restrict PHP information leakage
expose_php = Off

# Log all errors
log_errors = On

# Do not register globals for input data
register_globals = Off

# Minimize allowable PHP post size
post_max_size = 1K

# Ensure PHP redirects appropriately
cgi.force_redirect = 0

# Disallow uploading unless necessary
file_uploads = Off

# Disallow treatment of file requests as fopen calls
allow_url_fopen = Off

# Enable SQL safe mode
sql.safe_mode = On
</html:pre>
</description>
        </Group>
        <Group id="httpd_configure_os_protect_web_server">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Operating System to Protect Web Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The following configuration steps should be taken on the machine which hosts the
web server, in order to provide as safe an environment as possible for the web server.
</description>
          <Group id="httpd_restrict_file_dir_access">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict File and Directory Access</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Minimize access to critical <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> files and directories.
</description>
            <Rule id="dir_perms_var_log_httpd" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Permissions on the /var/log/httpd/ Directory</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Ensure that the permissions on the web server log directory is set to 700:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 700 /var/log/httpd/</html:pre>
This is its default setting.
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Access to the web server's log files may allow an unauthorized user or attacker
to access information about the web server or alter the server's log files.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27150-2</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dir_perms_var_log_httpd:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="dir_perms_etc_httpd_conf" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Permissions on the /etc/httpd/conf/ Directory</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Set permissions on the web server configuration directory to 750:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 750 /etc/httpd/conf/</html:pre>
</description>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Access to the web server's configuration files may allow an unauthorized user or attacker
to access information about the web server or alter the server's configuration files.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27487-8</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dir_perms_etc_httpd_conf:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
            <Rule id="file_permissions_httpd_server_conf_files" selected="false" severity="low">
              <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Set Permissions on All Configuration Files Inside /etc/httpd/conf/</title>
              <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Set permissions on the web server configuration files to 640:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chmod 640 /etc/httpd/conf/*</html:pre>
</description>
              <reference href="http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf">CM-7</reference>
              <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Access to the web server's configuration files may allow an unauthorized user or attacker
to access information about the web server or to alter the server's configuration files.
</rationale>
              <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27316-9</ident>
              <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
                <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-file_permissions_httpd_server_conf_files:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
              </check>
            </Rule>
          </Group>
          <Group id="httpd_configure_iptables">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure iptables to Allow Access to the Web Server</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
By default, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code>
blocks access to the ports used by the web server.

        To configure <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> to allow port
        80 traffic one must edit
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code> (if IPv6 is in use).
        Add the following line, ensuring that it appears before the final LOG
        and DROP lines for the INPUT chain:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>

        To configure <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> to allow port
        443 traffic one must edit
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code> (if IPv6 is in use).
        Add the following line, ensuring that it appears before the final LOG
        and DROP lines for the INPUT chain:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
</description>
          </Group>
          <Group id="httpd_chroot">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Run httpd in a chroot Jail if Practical</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> inside a <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">chroot</html:code> jail is designed to isolate the
web server process to a small section of the filesystem, limiting the damage if
it is compromised. Versions of Apache greater than 2.2.10 (such as the one
included with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6) provide the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ChrootDir</html:code> directive. To run Apache
inside a chroot jail in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/chroot/apache</html:code>, add the following line to
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</html:code>: <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ChrootDir /chroot/apache</html:pre> This
necessitates placing all files required by <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code> inside
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/chroot/apache</html:code> , including <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">httpd</html:code>'s binaries, modules,
configuration files, and served web pages. The details of this configuration
are beyond the scope of this guide. This may also require additional SELinux
configuration.
</description>
          </Group>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="imap">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">IMAP and POP3 Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Dovecot provides IMAP and POP3 services. It is not
installed by default. The project page at <html:a xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="http://www.dovecot.org">http://www.dovecot.org</html:a>
contains more detailed information about Dovecot
configuration.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_dovecot">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Dovecot</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system does not need to operate as an IMAP or
POP3 server, the dovecot software should be disabled and removed.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_dovecot_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Dovecot Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dovecot</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig dovecot off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running an IMAP or POP3 server provides a network-based
avenue of attack, and should be disabled if not needed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26922-5</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_dovecot_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable dovecot
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_dovecot_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service dovecot
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - dovecot

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_dovecot_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_dovecot_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_dovecot_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall dovecot Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">dovecot</html:code> package can be uninstalled
with the following command:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase dovecot</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to make the Dovecot software available,
removing it provides a safeguard against its activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27039-7</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_dovecot_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove dovecot
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_dovecot_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure dovecot is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - dovecot
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_dovecot_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_dovecot

class remove_dovecot {
  package { 'dovecot':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_dovecot_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=dovecot
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_dovecot_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_dovecot_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="configure_dovecot">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Dovecot if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If the system will operate as an IMAP or
POP3 server, the dovecot software should be configured securely by following
the recommendations below.
</description>
        <Group id="dovecot_support_necessary_protocols">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Support Only the Necessary Protocols</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Dovecot supports the IMAP and POP3 protocols, as well as 
SSL-protected versions of those protocols. Configure the Dovecot server 
to support only the protocols needed by your site. Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf</html:code>. 
Add or correct the following lines, replacing <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">PROTOCOL</html:code> with 
only the subset of protocols (<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">imap</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">imaps</html:code>, 
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pop3</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">pop3s</html:code>) required:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">protocols = PROTOCOL</html:pre>
If possible, require SSL protection for all transactions. The SSL 
protocol variants listen on alternate ports (995 instead of 110 for 
pop3s, and 993 instead of 143 for imaps), and require SSL-aware clients. 
An alternate approach is to listen on the standard port and require the 
client to use the STARTTLS command before authenticating.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Configuring Dovecot to only support the protocols the protocols needed by
your site reduces the risk of an attacker using one of the unused protocols
to base an attack.</rationale>
        </Group>
        <Group id="dovecot_enabling_ssl">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable SSL Support</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SSL should be used to encrypt network traffic between the 
Dovecot server and its clients. Users must authenticate to the Dovecot 
server in order to read their mail, and passwords should never be 
transmitted in clear text. In addition, protecting mail as it is 
downloaded is a privacy measure, and clients may use SSL certificates 
to authenticate the server, preventing another system from impersonating 
the server.
</description>
          <Rule id="dovecot_enable_ssl" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Enable the SSL flag in /etc/dovecot.conf</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To allow clients to make encrypted connections the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssl</html:code>
flag in Dovecot's configuration file needs to be set to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">yes</html:code>.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf</html:code> and add or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssl = yes</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSL encrypt network traffic between the Dovecot server and its clients 
protecting user credentials, mail as it is downloaded, and clients may use 
SSL certificates to authenticate the server, preventing another system from 
impersonating the server.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27571-9</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dovecot_enable_ssl:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="dovecot_configure_ssl_cert" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Dovecot to Use the SSL Certificate file</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This option tells Dovecot where to find the the mail 
server's SSL Certificate.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf</html:code> and add or correct the following 
line (<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">note: the path below is the default path set by the Dovecot installation. If 
you are using a different path, ensure you reference the appropriate file</html:i>):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssl_cert = &lt;/etc/pki/dovecot/certs/dovecot.pem</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSL certificates are used by the client to authenticate the identity
of the server, as well as to encrypt credentials and message traffic.
Not using SSL to encrypt mail server traffic could allow unauthorized
access to credentials and mail messages since they are sent in plain 
text over the network.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27459-7</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="dovecot_configure_ssl_key" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Dovecot to Use the SSL Key file</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">This option tells Dovecot where to find the the mail 
server's SSL Key.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf</html:code> and add or correct the following 
line (<html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">note: the path below is the default path set by the Dovecot installation. If 
you are using a different path, ensure you reference the appropriate file</html:i>):
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">ssl_key = &lt;/etc/pki/dovecot/private/dovecot.pem</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
SSL certificates are used by the client to authenticate the identity
of the server, as well as to encrypt credentials and message traffic.
Not using SSL to encrypt mail server traffic could allow unauthorized
access to credentials and mail messages since they are sent in plain 
text over the network.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27633-7</ident>
          </Rule>
          <Rule id="dovecot_disable_plaintext_auth" selected="false" severity="low">
            <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Plaintext Authentication</title>
            <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">To prevent Dovecot from attempting plaintext 
authentication of clients, edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf</html:code> and add
or correct the following line:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">disable_plaintext_auth = yes</html:pre>
</description>
            <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Using plain text authentication to the mail server could allow an 
attacker access to credentials by monitoring network traffic.
</rationale>
            <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27144-5</ident>
            <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
              <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-dovecot_disable_plaintext_auth:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
            </check>
          </Rule>
        </Group>
        <Group id="dovecot_allow_imap_access">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Allow IMAP Clients to Access the Server</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The default iptables configuration does not allow inbound 
access to any services. This modification will allow remote hosts to 
initiate connections to the IMAP daemon, while keeping all other ports 
on the server in their default protected state. 

        To configure <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">iptables</html:code> to allow port
        143 traffic one must edit
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/iptables</html:code> and
        <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/sysconfig/ip6tables</html:code> (if IPv6 is in use).
        Add the following line, ensuring that it appears before the final LOG
        and DROP lines for the INPUT chain:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:space="preserve">-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT</html:pre>
</description>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="smb">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Samba(SMB) Microsoft Windows File Sharing Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">When properly configured, the Samba service allows
Linux machines to provide file and print sharing to Microsoft
Windows machines. There are two software packages that provide
Samba support. The first, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba-client</html:code>, provides a series of
command line tools that enable a client machine to access Samba
shares. The second, simply labeled <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba</html:code>, provides the Samba
service. It is this second package that allows a Linux machine to
act as an Active Directory server, a domain controller, or as a
domain member. Only the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba-client</html:code> package is installed by
default.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_samba">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Samba if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Even after the Samba server package has been installed, it
will remain disabled. Do not enable this service unless it is
absolutely necessary to provide Microsoft Windows file and print
sharing functionality.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_smb_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Samba</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smb</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig smb off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1436</reference>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running a Samba server provides a network-based avenue of attack, and
should be disabled if not needed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27143-7</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_smb_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable smb
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_smb_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service smb
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - smb

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_smb_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_smb_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_samba_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall samba Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase samba</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to mount directories and file systems to
Windows systems, then this service can be deleted to reduce 
the potential attack surface.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27102-3</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_samba_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove samba
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_samba_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure samba is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - samba
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_samba_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_samba

class remove_samba {
  package { 'samba':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_samba_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=samba
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_samba_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_samba_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="configuring_samba">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure Samba if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">All settings for the Samba daemon can be found in
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/samba/smb.conf</html:code>. Settings are divided between a
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[global]</html:code> configuration section and a series of user
created share definition sections meant to describe file or print
shares on the system. By default, Samba will operate in user mode
and allow client machines to access local home directories and
printers. It is recommended that these settings be changed or that
additional limitations be set in place.</description>
        <Rule id="package_samba-common_installed" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Install the Samba Common Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba-common</html:code> package should be installed.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">samba-common</html:code> package can be installed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum install samba-common</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If the samba-common package is not installed, samba cannot be configured.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-RHEL6-CCE-TBD</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_samba-common_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command install samba-common
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_samba-common_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">- name: Ensure samba-common is installed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=present
  with_items:
    - samba-common
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_samba-common_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">include install_samba-common

class install_samba-common {
  package { 'samba-common':
    ensure =&gt; 'installed',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_samba-common_installed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="enable">
package --add=samba-common
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_samba-common_installed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_samba-common_installed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="smb_restrict_file_sharing">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict SMB File Sharing to Configured Networks</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Only users with local user accounts will be able to log in to
Samba shares by default. Shares can be limited to particular users or network
addresses. Use the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">hosts allow</html:code> and <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">hosts deny</html:code> directives
accordingly, and consider setting the valid users directive to a limited subset
of users or to a group of users. Separate each address, user, or user group
with a space as follows for a particular <html:i xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">share</html:i> or global:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[<html:i>share</html:i>]
  hosts allow = 192.168.1. 127.0.0.1
  valid users = userone usertwo @usergroup</html:pre>
It is also possible to limit read and write access to particular users with the
read list and write list options, though the permissions set by the system
itself will override these settings. Set the read only attribute for each share
to ensure that global settings will not accidentally override the individual
share settings. Then, as with the valid users directive, separate each user or
group of users with a space:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[<html:i>share</html:i>]
  read only = yes
  write list = userone usertwo @usergroup</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Samba service is only required for sharing files and printers
with Microsoft Windows workstations, and even then, other options may exist. 
</rationale>
        </Group>
        <Rule id="smb_server_disable_root" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Root Access to SMB Shares</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Administrators should not use administrator accounts to access
Samba file and printer shares. Disable the root user and the wheel
administrator group:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[<html:i>share</html:i>]
  invalid users = root @wheel</html:pre>
If administrator accounts cannot be disabled, ensure that local machine
passwords and Samba service passwords do not match.</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Typically, administrator access is required when Samba must create user and
machine accounts and shares. Domain member servers and standalone servers may
not need administrator access at all. If that is the case, add the invalid
users parameter to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[global]</html:code> instead.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27533-9</ident>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="require_smb_client_signing" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Require Client SMB Packet Signing, if using smbclient</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
To require samba clients running <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smbclient</html:code> to use
packet signing, add the following to the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[global]</html:code> section
of the Samba configuration file, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/samba/smb.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">client signing = mandatory</html:pre>
Requiring samba clients such as <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">smbclient</html:code> to use packet
signing ensures they can
only communicate with servers that support packet signing.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Packet signing can prevent
man-in-the-middle attacks which modify SMB packets in
transit.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26328-5</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000272</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="require_smb_client_signing" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">######################################################################
#By Luke "Brisk-OH" Brisk
#luke.brisk@boeing.com or luke.brisk@gmail.com
######################################################################

CLIENTSIGNING=$( grep -ic 'client signing' /etc/samba/smb.conf )

if [ "$CLIENTSIGNING" -eq 0 ];  then
	# Add to global section
	sed -i 's/\[global\]/\[global\]\n\n\tclient signing = mandatory/g' /etc/samba/smb.conf
else
	sed -i 's/[[:blank:]]*client[[:blank:]]signing[[:blank:]]*=[[:blank:]]*no/        client signing = mandatory/g' /etc/samba/smb.conf
fi

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-require_smb_client_signing:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-require_smb_client_signing_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="mount_option_smb_client_signing" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Require Client SMB Packet Signing, if using mount.cifs</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Require packet signing of clients who mount Samba
shares using the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mount.cifs</html:code> program (e.g., those who specify shares
in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/fstab</html:code>). To do so, ensure signing options (either
<html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sec=krb5i</html:code> or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">sec=ntlmv2i</html:code>) are used.
<html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/><html:br xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/>
See the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">mount.cifs(8)</html:code> man page for more information. A Samba
client should only communicate with servers who can support SMB
packet signing.
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Packet signing can prevent man-in-the-middle
attacks which modify SMB packets in transit.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26792-2</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000273</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-mount_option_smb_client_signing:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-mount_option_smb_client_signing_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Group id="smb_disable_printing">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Restrict Printer Sharing</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">By default, Samba utilizes the CUPS printing service to enable
printer sharing with Microsoft Windows workstations. If there are no printers
on the local machine, or if printer sharing with Microsoft Windows is not
required, disable the printer sharing capability by commenting out the
following lines, found in <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/samba/smb.conf</html:code>:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[global]
  load printers = yes
  cups options = raw
[printers]
  comment = All Printers
  path = /usr/spool/samba
  browseable = no
  guest ok = no
  writable = no
  printable = yes</html:pre>
There may be other options present, but these are the only options enabled and
uncommented by default. Removing the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[printers]</html:code> share should be enough
for most users.  If the Samba printer sharing capability is needed, consider
disabling the Samba network browsing capability or restricting access to a
particular set of users or network addresses. Set the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">valid users</html:code>
parameter to a small subset of users or restrict it to a particular group of
users with the shorthand <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">@</html:code>. Separate each user or group of users with
a space. For example, under the <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[printers]</html:code> share:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[printers]
  valid users = user @printerusers</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Samba service is only required for sharing files and printers
with Microsoft Windows workstations, and even then, other options may exist. Do
not use the Samba service to share files between Unix or Linux machines.
</rationale>
        </Group>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="proxy">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Proxy Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A proxy server is a very desirable target for a
potential adversary because much (or all) sensitive data for a
given infrastructure may flow through it. Therefore, if one is
required, the machine acting as a proxy server should be dedicated
to that purpose alone and be stored in a physically secure
location. The system's default proxy server software is Squid, and
provided in an RPM package of the same name.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_squid">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Squid if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If Squid was installed and activated, but the system
does not need to act as a proxy server, then it should be disabled
and removed.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_squid_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable Squid</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">squid</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig squid off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running proxy server software provides a network-based avenue
of attack, and should be removed if not needed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27146-0</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_squid_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable squid
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_squid_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service squid
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - squid

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_squid_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_squid_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_squid_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall squid Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">squid</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase squid</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to make the proxy server software available,
removing it provides a safeguard against its activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26977-9</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_squid_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_squid_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
    <Group id="snmp">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">SNMP Server</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The Simple Network Management Protocol allows
administrators to monitor the state of network devices, including
computers. Older versions of SNMP were well-known for weak
security, such as plaintext transmission of the community string
(used for authentication) and usage of easily-guessable
choices for the community string.</description>
      <Group id="disabling_snmp_service">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable SNMP Server if Possible</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The system includes an SNMP daemon that allows for its remote
monitoring, though it not installed by default. If it was installed and
activated but is not needed, the software should be disabled and removed.
</description>
        <Rule id="service_snmpd_disabled" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Disable snmpd Service</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
            
        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">snmpd</html:code> service can be disabled with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo chkconfig snmpd off</html:pre>
          </description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Running SNMP software provides a network-based avenue of attack, and
should be disabled if not needed.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26906-8</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="service_snmpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_service_command"/>
service_command disable snmpd
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="service_snmpd_disabled" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Disable service snmpd
  service:
    name="{{item}}"
    enabled="no"
    state="stopped"
  with_items:
    - snmpd

</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-service_snmpd_disabled:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-service_snmpd_disabled_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="package_net-snmp_removed" selected="false" severity="low">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Uninstall net-snmp Package</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net-snmp</html:code> package provides the snmpd service.

        The <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">net-snmp</html:code> package can be removed with the following command:
        <html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo yum erase net-snmp</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
If there is no need to run SNMP server software,
removing the package provides a safeguard against its
activation.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-26332-7</ident>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:sh" id="package_net-snmp_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable"><sub idref="function_package_command"/>
package_command remove net-snmp
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:ansible" id="package_net-snmp_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">- name: Ensure net-snmp is removed
  package:
    name="{{item}}"
    state=absent
  with_items:
    - net-snmp
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:xccdf:fix:script:puppet" id="package_net-snmp_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">include remove_net-snmp

class remove_net-snmp {
  package { 'net-snmp':
    ensure =&gt; 'purged',
  }
}
</fix>
          <fix system="urn:redhat:anaconda:pre" id="package_net-snmp_removed" complexity="low" disruption="low" reboot="false" strategy="disable">
package -remove=net-snmp
</fix>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-package_net-snmp_removed:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-package_net-snmp_removed_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
      <Group id="snmp_configure_server">
        <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SNMP Server if Necessary</title>
        <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">If it is necessary to run the snmpd agent on the system, some best
practices should be followed to minimize the security risk from the
installation. The multiple security models implemented by SNMP cannot be fully
covered here so only the following general configuration advice can be offered:
<html:ul xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html:li>use only SNMP version 3 security models and enable the use of authentication and encryption</html:li><html:li>write access to the MIB (Management Information Base) should be allowed only if necessary</html:li><html:li>all access to the MIB should be restricted following a principle of least privilege</html:li><html:li>network access should be limited to the maximum extent possible including restricting to expected network
addresses both in the configuration files and in the system firewall rules</html:li><html:li>ensure SNMP agents send traps only to, and accept SNMP queries only from, authorized management
stations</html:li><html:li>ensure that permissions on the <html:code>snmpd.conf</html:code> configuration file (by default, in <html:code>/etc/snmp</html:code>) are 640 or more restrictive</html:li><html:li>ensure that any MIB files' permissions are also 640 or more restrictive</html:li></html:ul>
</description>
        <Rule id="snmpd_use_newer_protocol" selected="false" severity="medium">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Configure SNMP Service to Use Only SNMPv3 or Newer </title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf</html:code>, removing any references to <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rocommunity</html:code>, <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">rwcommunity</html:code>, or <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">com2sec</html:code>.
Upon doing that, restart the SNMP service:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service snmpd restart</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Earlier versions of SNMP are considered insecure, as they potentially allow 
unauthorized access to detailed system management information.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27365-6</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000340</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-snmpd_use_newer_protocol:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-snmpd_use_newer_protocol_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
        <Rule id="snmpd_not_default_password" selected="false" severity="high">
          <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Ensure Default Password Is Not Used</title>
          <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Edit <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf</html:code>, remove default community string <html:code xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">public</html:code>.  
Upon doing that, restart the SNMP service:
<html:pre xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">$ sudo service snmpd restart</html:pre>
</description>
          <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Presence of the default SNMP password enables querying of different system
aspects and could result in unauthorized knowledge of the system.
</rationale>
          <ident system="https://nvd.nist.gov/cce/index.cfm">CCE-27593-3</ident>
          <ident system="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/os/unix-linux/Pages/index.aspx">DISA FSO RHEL-06-000341</ident>
          <check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5">
            <check-content-ref name="oval:ssg-snmpd_not_default_password:def:1" href="ssg-rhel6-oval.xml"/>
          </check>
          <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
            <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-snmpd_not_default_password_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
          </check>
        </Rule>
      </Group>
    </Group>
  </Group>
  <Group id="srg_support" hidden="true">
    <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Documentation to Support DISA OS SRG Mapping</title>
    <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">These groups exist to document how the Red Hat Enterprise Linux
product meets (or does not meet) requirements listed in the DISA OS SRG, for
those cases where Groups or Rules elsewhere in scap-security-guide do
not clearly relate.
</description>
    <Rule id="met_inherently_generic" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Product Meets this Requirement</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
This requirement is a permanent not a finding. No fix is required.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">42</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">56</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">206</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1084</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">66</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">85</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">86</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">185</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">223</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">171</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">172</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1694</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">770</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">804</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">162</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">163</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">164</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">345</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">346</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1096</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1111</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1291</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">386</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">156</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">186</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1083</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1082</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1090</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">804</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1127</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1128</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1129</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1248</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1265</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1314</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1362</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1368</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1310</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1311</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1328</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1399</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1400</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1427</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1499</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1632</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1693</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1665</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1674</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Red Hat Enterprise Linux meets this requirement through design and implementation.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-met_inherently_generic_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="met_inherently_auditing" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Product Meets this Requirement</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
This requirement is a permanent not a finding. No fix is required.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">130</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">157</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">131</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">132</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">133</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">134</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">135</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">159</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">174</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The Red Hat Enterprise Linux audit system meets this requirement through design and implementation.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-met_inherently_auditing_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="met_inherently_nonselected" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Product Meets this Requirement</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
This requirement is a permanent not a finding. No fix is required.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">34</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">35</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">99</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">154</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">226</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">802</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">872</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1086</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1087</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1089</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1091</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1424</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1426</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1428</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1209</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1214</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1237</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1269</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1338</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1425</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1670</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Red Hat Enterprise Linux meets this requirement through design and implementation.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-met_inherently_nonselected_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="unmet_nonfinding_nonselected_scope" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Guidance Does Not Meet this Requirement Due to Impracticality or Scope</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
This requirement is NA. No fix is required.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">21</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">25</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">28</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">29</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">30</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">165</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">221</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">354</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">553</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">779</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">780</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">781</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1009</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1094</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1123</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1124</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1125</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1132</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1135</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1140</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1141</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1142</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1143</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1145</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1147</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1148</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1166</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1339</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1340</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1341</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1350</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1356</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1373</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1374</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1383</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1391</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1392</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1395</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1662</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The guidance does not meet this requirement.
The requirement is impractical or out of scope.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-unmet_nonfinding_nonselected_scope_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="unmet_finding_nonselected" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Implementation of the Requirement is Not Supported</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This requirement is a permanent finding and cannot be fixed. An appropriate
mitigation for the system must be implemented but this finding cannot be
considered fixed.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">20</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">31</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">52</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">144</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1158</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1294</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1295</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1500</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
RHEL6 does not support this requirement.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-unmet_finding_nonselected_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="unmet_nonfinding_scope" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">Guidance Does Not Meet this Requirement Due to Impracticality or Scope</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US"> 
This requirement is NA. No fix is required.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">15</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">27</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">218</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">219</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">371</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">372</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">535</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">537</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">539</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1682</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">370</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">37</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">24</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1112</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1126</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1143</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1149</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1157</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1159</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1210</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1211</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1274</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1372</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1376</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1377</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1352</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1401</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1555</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1556</reference>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1150</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
The guidance does not meet this requirement.
The requirement is impractical or out of scope.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-unmet_nonfinding_scope_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
    <Rule id="update_process" selected="false" severity="low">
      <title xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">A process for prompt installation of OS updates must exist.</title>
      <description xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
Procedures to promptly apply software updates must be established and
executed. The Red Hat operating system provides support for automating such a
process, by running the yum program through a cron job or by managing the
system and its packages through the Red Hat Network or a Satellite Server.
</description>
      <reference href="http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/cci/Pages/index.aspx">1232</reference>
      <rationale xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US">
This is a manual inquiry about update procedure.
</rationale>
      <check system="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/ocil/2">
        <check-content-ref href="ssg-rhel6-ocil.xml" name="ocil:ssg-update_process_ocil:questionnaire:1"/>
      </check>
    </Rule>
  </Group>
</Benchmark>