# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Python Software Foundation
# csv package unit tests

from codecs import EncodedFile
import os
import sys
import unittest2 as unittest
from StringIO import StringIO
import tempfile

import unicodecsv as csv
import decimal

# pypy and cpython differ under which exception is raised under some circumstances
# e.g. whether a module is written in C or not.
py_compat_exc = (TypeError, AttributeError)

class Test_Csv(unittest.TestCase):
    """
    Test the underlying C csv parser in ways that are not appropriate
    from the high level interface. Further tests of this nature are done
    in TestDialectRegistry.
    """
    def _test_arg_valid(self, ctor, arg):
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, None)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, bad_attr = 0)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, delimiter = 0)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, delimiter = 'XX')
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, ctor, arg, 'foo')
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, delimiter=None)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, delimiter=1)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, quotechar=1)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, lineterminator=None)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, lineterminator=1)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg, quoting=None)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg,
                          quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, quotechar='')
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, ctor, arg,
                          quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, quotechar=None)

    def test_reader_arg_valid(self):
        self._test_arg_valid(csv.reader, [])

    def test_writer_arg_valid(self):
        self._test_arg_valid(csv.writer, StringIO())

    def _test_default_attrs(self, ctor, *args):
        obj = ctor(*args)
        # Check defaults
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.delimiter, ',')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.doublequote, True)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.escapechar, None)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.lineterminator, "\r\n")
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quotechar, '"')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quoting, csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.skipinitialspace, False)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.strict, False)
        # Try deleting or changing attributes (they are read-only)
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, delattr, obj.dialect, 'delimiter')
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, setattr, obj.dialect, 'delimiter', ':')
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, delattr, obj.dialect, 'quoting')
        self.assertRaises(py_compat_exc, setattr, obj.dialect,
                          'quoting', None)

    def test_reader_attrs(self):
        self._test_default_attrs(csv.reader, [])

    def test_writer_attrs(self):
        self._test_default_attrs(csv.writer, StringIO())

    def _test_kw_attrs(self, ctor, *args):
        # Now try with alternate options
        kwargs = dict(delimiter=':', doublequote=False, escapechar='\\',
                      lineterminator='\r', quotechar='*',
                      quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE, skipinitialspace=True,
                      strict=True)
        obj = ctor(*args, **kwargs)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.delimiter, ':')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.doublequote, False)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.escapechar, '\\')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.lineterminator, "\r")
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quotechar, '*')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quoting, csv.QUOTE_NONE)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.skipinitialspace, True)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.strict, True)

    def test_reader_kw_attrs(self):
        self._test_kw_attrs(csv.reader, [])

    def test_writer_kw_attrs(self):
        self._test_kw_attrs(csv.writer, StringIO())

    def _test_dialect_attrs(self, ctor, *args):
        # Now try with dialect-derived options
        class dialect:
            delimiter='-'
            doublequote=False
            escapechar='^'
            lineterminator='$'
            quotechar='#'
            quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL
            skipinitialspace=True
            strict=False
        args = args + (dialect,)
        obj = ctor(*args)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.delimiter, '-')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.doublequote, False)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.escapechar, '^')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.lineterminator, "$")
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quotechar, '#')
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.quoting, csv.QUOTE_ALL)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.skipinitialspace, True)
        self.assertEqual(obj.dialect.strict, False)

    def test_reader_dialect_attrs(self):
        self._test_dialect_attrs(csv.reader, [])

    def test_writer_dialect_attrs(self):
        self._test_dialect_attrs(csv.writer, StringIO())


    def _write_test(self, fields, expect, **kwargs):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, **kwargs)
            writer.writerow(fields)
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(),
                             expect + writer.dialect.lineterminator)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_write_arg_valid(self):
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._write_test, None, '')
        self._write_test((), '')
        self._write_test([None], '""')
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._write_test,
                          [None], None, quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE)
        # Check that exceptions are passed up the chain
        class BadList:
            def __len__(self):
                return 10;
            def __getitem__(self, i):
                if i > 2:
                    raise IOError
        self.assertRaises(IOError, self._write_test, BadList(), '')
        class BadItem:
            def __str__(self):
                raise IOError
        self.assertRaises(IOError, self._write_test, [BadItem()], '')

    def test_write_bigfield(self):
        # This exercises the buffer realloc functionality
        bigstring = 'X' * 50000
        self._write_test([bigstring,bigstring], '%s,%s' % \
                         (bigstring, bigstring))

    def test_write_quoting(self):
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], 'a,1,"p,q"')
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error,
                          self._write_test,
                          ['a',1,'p,q'], 'a,1,p,q',
                          quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE)
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], 'a,1,"p,q"',
                         quoting = csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], '"a",1,"p,q"',
                         quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC)
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], '"a","1","p,q"',
                         quoting = csv.QUOTE_ALL)
        self._write_test(['a\nb',1], '"a\nb","1"',
                         quoting = csv.QUOTE_ALL)

    def test_write_decimal(self):
        self._write_test(['a', decimal.Decimal("1.1"), 'p,q'], '"a",1.1,"p,q"',
                 quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC)

    def test_write_escape(self):
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], 'a,1,"p,q"',
                         escapechar='\\')
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error,
                          self._write_test,
                          ['a',1,'p,"q"'], 'a,1,"p,\\"q\\""',
                          escapechar=None, doublequote=False)
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,"q"'], 'a,1,"p,\\"q\\""',
                         escapechar='\\', doublequote = False)
        self._write_test(['"'], '""""',
                         escapechar='\\', quoting = csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
        self._write_test(['"'], '\\"',
                         escapechar='\\', quoting = csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL,
                         doublequote = False)
        self._write_test(['"'], '\\"',
                         escapechar='\\', quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE)
        self._write_test(['a',1,'p,q'], 'a,1,p\\,q',
                         escapechar='\\', quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE)

    def test_writerows(self):
        class BrokenFile:
            def write(self, buf):
                raise IOError
        writer = csv.writer(BrokenFile())
        self.assertRaises(IOError, writer.writerows, [['a']])
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj)
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, writer.writerows, None)
            writer.writerows([['a','b'],['c','d']])
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "a,b\r\nc,d\r\n")
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def _read_test(self, input, expect, **kwargs):
        reader = csv.reader(input, **kwargs)
        result = list(reader)
        self.assertEqual(result, expect)

    def test_read_oddinputs(self):
        self._read_test([], [])
        self._read_test([''], [[]])
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._read_test,
                          ['"ab"c'], None, strict = 1)
        # cannot handle null bytes for the moment
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._read_test,
                          ['ab\0c'], None, strict = 1)
        self._read_test(['"ab"c'], [['abc']], doublequote = 0)

    def test_read_eol(self):
        self._read_test(['a,b'], [['a','b']])
        self._read_test(['a,b\n'], [['a','b']])
        self._read_test(['a,b\r\n'], [['a','b']])
        self._read_test(['a,b\r'], [['a','b']])
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._read_test, ['a,b\rc,d'], [])
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._read_test, ['a,b\nc,d'], [])
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, self._read_test, ['a,b\r\nc,d'], [])

    def test_read_escape(self):
        self._read_test(['a,\\b,c'], [['a', 'b', 'c']], escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['a,b\\,c'], [['a', 'b,c']], escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['a,"b\\,c"'], [['a', 'b,c']], escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['a,"b,\\c"'], [['a', 'b,c']], escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['a,"b,c\\""'], [['a', 'b,c"']], escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['a,"b,c"\\'], [['a', 'b,c\\']], escapechar='\\')

    def test_read_quoting(self):
        self._read_test(['1,",3,",5'], [['1', ',3,', '5']])
        self._read_test(['1,",3,",5'], [['1', '"', '3', '"', '5']],
                        quotechar=None, escapechar='\\')
        self._read_test(['1,",3,",5'], [['1', '"', '3', '"', '5']],
                        quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE, escapechar='\\')
        # will this fail where locale uses comma for decimals?
        self._read_test([',3,"5",7.3, 9'], [['', 3, '5', 7.3, 9]],
                        quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC)
        self._read_test(['"a\nb", 7'], [['a\nb', ' 7']])
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self._read_test,
                          ['abc,3'], [[]],
                          quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC)

    def test_read_linenum(self):
        for r in (csv.reader(['line,1', 'line,2', 'line,3']),
                  csv.DictReader(['line,1', 'line,2', 'line,3'],
                                 fieldnames=['a', 'b', 'c'])):
            self.assertEqual(r.line_num, 0)
            r.next()
            self.assertEqual(r.line_num, 1)
            r.next()
            self.assertEqual(r.line_num, 2)
            r.next()
            self.assertEqual(r.line_num, 3)
            self.assertRaises(StopIteration, r.next)
            self.assertEqual(r.line_num, 3)

    def test_roundtrip_quoteed_newlines(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj)
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, writer.writerows, None)
            rows = [['a\nb','b'],['c','x\r\nd']]
            writer.writerows(rows)
            fileobj.seek(0)
            for i, row in enumerate(csv.reader(fileobj)):
                self.assertEqual(row, rows[i])
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

class TestDialectRegistry(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_registry_badargs(self):
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.list_dialects, None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.get_dialect)
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, csv.get_dialect, None)
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, csv.get_dialect, "nonesuch")
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.unregister_dialect)
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, csv.unregister_dialect, None)
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, csv.unregister_dialect, "nonesuch")
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, None, None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, "nonesuch", 0, 0)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, "nonesuch",
                          badargument=None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, "nonesuch",
                          quoting=None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.register_dialect, [])

    def test_registry(self):
        class myexceltsv(csv.excel):
            delimiter = "\t"
        name = "myexceltsv"
        expected_dialects = csv.list_dialects() + [name]
        expected_dialects.sort()
        csv.register_dialect(name, myexceltsv)
        try:
            self.assertTrue(csv.get_dialect(name).delimiter, '\t')
            got_dialects = csv.list_dialects()
            got_dialects.sort()
            self.assertEqual(expected_dialects, got_dialects)
        finally:
            csv.unregister_dialect(name)

    def test_register_kwargs(self):
        name = 'fedcba'
        csv.register_dialect(name, delimiter=';')
        try:
            self.assertTrue(csv.get_dialect(name).delimiter, '\t')
            self.assertTrue(list(csv.reader('X;Y;Z', name)), ['X', 'Y', 'Z'])
        finally:
            csv.unregister_dialect(name)

    def test_incomplete_dialect(self):
        class myexceltsv(csv.Dialect):
            delimiter = "\t"
        self.assertRaises(csv.Error, myexceltsv)

    def test_space_dialect(self):
        class space(csv.excel):
            delimiter = " "
            quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE
            escapechar = "\\"

        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("abc def\nc1ccccc1 benzene\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            rdr = csv.reader(fileobj, dialect=space())
            self.assertEqual(rdr.next(), ["abc", "def"])
            self.assertEqual(rdr.next(), ["c1ccccc1", "benzene"])
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_dialect_apply(self):
        class testA(csv.excel):
            delimiter = "\t"
        class testB(csv.excel):
            delimiter = ":"
        class testC(csv.excel):
            delimiter = "|"

        csv.register_dialect('testC', testC)
        try:
            fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
            fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
            try:
                writer = csv.writer(fileobj)
                writer.writerow([1,2,3])
                fileobj.seek(0)
                self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "1,2,3\r\n")
            finally:
                fileobj.close()
                os.unlink(name)

            fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
            fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
            try:
                writer = csv.writer(fileobj, testA)
                writer.writerow([1,2,3])
                fileobj.seek(0)
                self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "1\t2\t3\r\n")
            finally:
                fileobj.close()
                os.unlink(name)

            fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
            fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
            try:
                writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect=testB())
                writer.writerow([1,2,3])
                fileobj.seek(0)
                self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "1:2:3\r\n")
            finally:
                fileobj.close()
                os.unlink(name)

            fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
            fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
            try:
                writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect='testC')
                writer.writerow([1,2,3])
                fileobj.seek(0)
                self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "1|2|3\r\n")
            finally:
                fileobj.close()
                os.unlink(name)

            fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
            fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
            try:
                writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect=testA, delimiter=';')
                writer.writerow([1,2,3])
                fileobj.seek(0)
                self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "1;2;3\r\n")
            finally:
                fileobj.close()
                os.unlink(name)

        finally:
            csv.unregister_dialect('testC')

    def test_bad_dialect(self):
        # Unknown parameter
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.reader, [], bad_attr = 0)
        # Bad values
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.reader, [], delimiter = None)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.reader, [], quoting = -1)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.reader, [], quoting = 100)

class TestCsvBase(unittest.TestCase):
    def readerAssertEqual(self, input, expected_result):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write(input)
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.reader(fileobj, dialect = self.dialect)
            fields = list(reader)
            self.assertEqual(fields, expected_result)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def writerAssertEqual(self, input, expected_result):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect = self.dialect)
            writer.writerows(input)
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), expected_result)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

class TestDialectExcel(TestCsvBase):
    dialect = 'excel'

    def test_single(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('abc', [['abc']])

    def test_simple(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('1,2,3,4,5', [['1','2','3','4','5']])

    def test_blankline(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('', [])

    def test_empty_fields(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual(',', [['', '']])

    def test_singlequoted(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('""', [['']])

    def test_singlequoted_left_empty(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('"",', [['','']])

    def test_singlequoted_right_empty(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual(',""', [['','']])

    def test_single_quoted_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('""""', [['"']])

    def test_quoted_quotes(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('""""""', [['""']])

    def test_inline_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('a""b', [['a""b']])

    def test_inline_quotes(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('a"b"c', [['a"b"c']])

    def test_quotes_and_more(self):
        # Excel would never write a field containing '"a"b', but when
        # reading one, it will return 'ab'.
        self.readerAssertEqual('"a"b', [['ab']])

    def test_lone_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('a"b', [['a"b']])

    def test_quote_and_quote(self):
        # Excel would never write a field containing '"a" "b"', but when
        # reading one, it will return 'a "b"'.
        self.readerAssertEqual('"a" "b"', [['a "b"']])

    def test_space_and_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual(' "a"', [[' "a"']])

    def test_quoted(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('1,2,3,"I think, therefore I am",5,6',
                               [['1', '2', '3',
                                 'I think, therefore I am',
                                 '5', '6']])

    def test_quoted_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('1,2,3,"""I see,"" said the blind man","as he picked up his hammer and saw"',
                               [['1', '2', '3',
                                 '"I see," said the blind man',
                                 'as he picked up his hammer and saw']])

    def test_quoted_nl(self):
        input = '''\
1,2,3,"""I see,""
said the blind man","as he picked up his
hammer and saw"
9,8,7,6'''
        self.readerAssertEqual(input,
                               [['1', '2', '3',
                                   '"I see,"\nsaid the blind man',
                                   'as he picked up his\nhammer and saw'],
                                ['9','8','7','6']])

    def test_dubious_quote(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('12,12,1",', [['12', '12', '1"', '']])

    def test_null(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([], '')

    def test_single_writer(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([['abc']], 'abc\r\n')

    def test_simple_writer(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([[1, 2, 'abc', 3, 4]], '1,2,abc,3,4\r\n')

    def test_quotes(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([[1, 2, 'a"bc"', 3, 4]], '1,2,"a""bc""",3,4\r\n')

    def test_quote_fieldsep(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([['abc,def']], '"abc,def"\r\n')

    def test_newlines(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([[1, 2, 'a\nbc', 3, 4]], '1,2,"a\nbc",3,4\r\n')

class EscapedExcel(csv.excel):
    quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONE
    escapechar = '\\'

class TestEscapedExcel(TestCsvBase):
    dialect = EscapedExcel()

    def test_escape_fieldsep(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([['abc,def']], 'abc\\,def\r\n')

    def test_read_escape_fieldsep(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('abc\\,def\r\n', [['abc,def']])

class QuotedEscapedExcel(csv.excel):
    quoting = csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC
    escapechar = '\\'

class TestQuotedEscapedExcel(TestCsvBase):
    dialect = QuotedEscapedExcel()

    def test_write_escape_fieldsep(self):
        self.writerAssertEqual([['abc,def']], '"abc,def"\r\n')

    def test_read_escape_fieldsep(self):
        self.readerAssertEqual('"abc\\,def"\r\n', [['abc,def']])

class TestDictFields(unittest.TestCase):
    ### "long" means the row is longer than the number of fieldnames
    ### "short" means there are fewer elements in the row than fieldnames
    def test_write_simple_dict(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = open(name, 'w+b')
        try:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(fileobj, fieldnames = ["f1", "f2", "f3"])
            writer.writeheader()
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.readline(), "f1,f2,f3\r\n")
            writer.writerow({"f1": 10, "f3": "abc"})
            fileobj.seek(0)
            fileobj.readline() # header
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), "10,,abc\r\n")
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_write_unicode_header_dict(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = open(name, 'w+b')
        try:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(fileobj, fieldnames = [u"ñ", u"ö"])
            writer.writeheader()
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.readline().decode('utf-8'), u"ñ,ö\r\n")
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)        

    def test_write_no_fields(self):
        fileobj = StringIO()
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, csv.DictWriter, fileobj)

    def test_read_dict_fields(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("1,2,abc\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj,
                                    fieldnames=["f1", "f2", "f3"])
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2', "f3": 'abc'})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_dict_no_fieldnames(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("f1,f2,f3\r\n1,2,abc\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj)
            self.assertEqual(reader.fieldnames, ["f1", "f2", "f3"])
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2', "f3": 'abc'})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    # Two test cases to make sure existing ways of implicitly setting
    # fieldnames continue to work.  Both arise from discussion in issue3436.
    def test_read_dict_fieldnames_from_file(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        f = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            f.write("f1,f2,f3\r\n1,2,abc\r\n")
            f.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(f, fieldnames=csv.reader(f).next())
            self.assertEqual(reader.fieldnames, ["f1", "f2", "f3"])
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2', "f3": 'abc'})
        finally:
            f.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_dict_fieldnames_chain(self):
        import itertools
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        f = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            f.write("f1,f2,f3\r\n1,2,abc\r\n")
            f.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(f)
            first = reader.next()
            for row in itertools.chain([first], reader):
                self.assertEqual(reader.fieldnames, ["f1", "f2", "f3"])
                self.assertEqual(row, {"f1": '1', "f2": '2', "f3": 'abc'})
        finally:
            f.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_long(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj,
                                    fieldnames=["f1", "f2"])
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2',
                                             None: ["abc", "4", "5", "6"]})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_long_with_rest(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj,
                                    fieldnames=["f1", "f2"], restkey="_rest")
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2',
                                             "_rest": ["abc", "4", "5", "6"]})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_long_with_rest_no_fieldnames(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("f1,f2\r\n1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj, restkey="_rest")
            self.assertEqual(reader.fieldnames, ["f1", "f2"])
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"f1": '1', "f2": '2',
                                             "_rest": ["abc", "4", "5", "6"]})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_short(self):
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            fileobj.write("1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n1,2,abc\r\n")
            fileobj.seek(0)
            reader = csv.DictReader(fileobj,
                                    fieldnames="1 2 3 4 5 6".split(),
                                    restval="DEFAULT")
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"1": '1', "2": '2', "3": 'abc',
                                             "4": '4', "5": '5', "6": '6'})
            self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"1": '1', "2": '2', "3": 'abc',
                                             "4": 'DEFAULT', "5": 'DEFAULT',
                                             "6": 'DEFAULT'})
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_read_multi(self):
        sample = [
            '2147483648,43.0e12,17,abc,def\r\n',
            '147483648,43.0e2,17,abc,def\r\n',
            '47483648,43.0,170,abc,def\r\n'
            ]

        reader = csv.DictReader(sample,
                                fieldnames="i1 float i2 s1 s2".split())
        self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"i1": '2147483648',
                                         "float": '43.0e12',
                                         "i2": '17',
                                         "s1": 'abc',
                                         "s2": 'def'})

    def test_read_with_blanks(self):
        reader = csv.DictReader(["1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n","\r\n",
                                 "1,2,abc,4,5,6\r\n"],
                                fieldnames="1 2 3 4 5 6".split())
        self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"1": '1', "2": '2', "3": 'abc',
                                         "4": '4', "5": '5', "6": '6'})
        self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"1": '1', "2": '2', "3": 'abc',
                                         "4": '4', "5": '5', "6": '6'})

    def test_read_semi_sep(self):
        reader = csv.DictReader(["1;2;abc;4;5;6\r\n"],
                                fieldnames="1 2 3 4 5 6".split(),
                                delimiter=';')
        self.assertEqual(reader.next(), {"1": '1', "2": '2', "3": 'abc',
                                         "4": '4', "5": '5', "6": '6'})

class TestArrayWrites(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_int_write(self):
        import array
        contents = [(20-i) for i in range(20)]
        a = array.array('i', contents)

        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect="excel")
            writer.writerow(a)
            expected = ",".join([str(i) for i in a])+"\r\n"
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), expected)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_double_write(self):
        import array
        contents = [(20-i)*0.1 for i in range(20)]
        a = array.array('d', contents)
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect="excel")
            writer.writerow(a)
            float_repr = str
            if sys.version_info >= (2, 7, 3):
                float_repr = repr
            expected = ",".join([float_repr(i) for i in a])+"\r\n"
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), expected)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_float_write(self):
        import array
        contents = [(20-i)*0.1 for i in range(20)]
        a = array.array('f', contents)
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect="excel")
            writer.writerow(a)
            float_repr = str
            if sys.version_info >= (2, 7, 3):
                float_repr = repr
            expected = ",".join([float_repr(i) for i in a])+"\r\n"
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), expected)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)

    def test_char_write(self):
        import array, string
        a = array.array('c', string.letters)
        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp()
        fileobj = os.fdopen(fd, "w+b")
        try:
            writer = csv.writer(fileobj, dialect="excel")
            writer.writerow(a)
            expected = ",".join(a)+"\r\n"
            fileobj.seek(0)
            self.assertEqual(fileobj.read(), expected)
        finally:
            fileobj.close()
            os.unlink(name)


class TestUnicode(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_unicode_read(self):
        f = EncodedFile(StringIO("Martin von Löwis,"
                                 "Marc André Lemburg,"
                                 "Guido van Rossum,"
                                 "François Pinard\r\n"),
                                 data_encoding='iso-8859-1')
        reader = csv.reader(f)
        self.assertEqual(list(reader), [[u"Martin von Löwis",
                                         u"Marc André Lemburg",
                                         u"Guido van Rossum",
                                         u"François Pinard"]])


class TestUnicodeErrors(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_encode_error(self):
        fd = StringIO()
        writer = csv.writer(fd, encoding='cp1252', errors='xmlcharrefreplace')
        writer.writerow(['hello', unichr(2603)])
        self.assertEqual(fd.getvalue(), 'hello,&#2603;\r\n')

    def test_encode_error_dictwriter(self):
        fd = StringIO()
        dw = csv.DictWriter(fd, ['col1'], encoding='cp1252', errors='xmlcharrefreplace')
        dw.writerow({'col1': unichr(2604)})
        self.assertEqual(fd.getvalue(), '&#2604;\r\n')

    def test_decode_error(self):
        """Make sure the specified error-handling mode is obeyed on readers."""
        file = EncodedFile(StringIO('Löwis,2,3'), data_encoding='iso-8859-1')
        reader = csv.reader(file, encoding='ascii', errors='ignore')
        self.assertEqual(list(reader)[0][0], 'Lwis')

    def test_decode_error_dictreader(self):
        """Make sure the error-handling mode is obeyed on DictReaders."""
        file = EncodedFile(StringIO('name,height,weight\nLöwis,2,3'),
                           data_encoding='iso-8859-1')
        reader = csv.DictReader(file, encoding='ascii', errors='ignore')
        self.assertEqual(list(reader)[0]['name'], 'Lwis')
