The Fulton County Grand Jury said Friday an investigation of Atlanta's recent primary election produced no evidence that any irregularities took place.
The jury further said in term-end presentments that the City Executive Committee, which had over-all charge of the election, deserves the praise and thanks of the City of Atlanta for the manner in which the election was conducted.
The September-*october term jury had been charged by Fulton Superior Court Judge Durwood Pye to investigate reports of possible irregularities in the hard-fought primary which was won by Mayor-nominate Ivan Allen Jr..
Only a relative handful of such reports was received, the jury said, considering the widespread interest in the election, the number of voters and the size of this city.
The jury said it did find that many of Georgia's registration and election laws are outmoded or inadequate and often ambiguous.
It recommended that Fulton legislators act to have these laws studied and revised to the end of modernizing and improving them.
The grand jury commented on a number of other topics, among them the Atlanta and Fulton County purchasing departments which it said are well operated and follow generally accepted practices which inure to the best interest of both governments.
Merger proposed however, the jury said it believes these two offices should be combined to achieve greater efficiency and reduce the cost of administration.
The City Purchasing Department, the jury said, is lacking in experienced clerical personnel as a result of city personnel policies.
It urged that the city take steps to remedy this problem.
Implementation of Georgia's automobile title law was also recommended by the outgoing jury.
It urged that the next Legislature provide enabling funds and re-set the effective date so that an orderly implementation of the law may be effected.
The grand jury took a swipe at the State Welfare Department's handling of federal funds granted for child welfare services in foster homes.
This is one of the major items in the Fulton County general assistance program, the jury said, but the State Welfare Department has seen fit to distribute these funds through the welfare departments of all the counties in the state with the exception of Fulton County, which receives none of this money.
The jurors said they realize a proportionate distribution of these funds might disable this program in our less populous counties.
Nevertheless, we feel that in the future Fulton County should receive some portion of these available funds, the jurors said.
Failure to do this will continue to place a disproportionate burden on Fulton taxpayers.
The jury also commented on the Fulton ordinary's court which has been under fire for its practices in the appointment of appraisers, guardians and administrators and the awarding of fees and compensation.
Wards protected the jury said it found the court has incorporated into its operating procedures the recommendations of two previous grand juries, the Atlanta Bar Association and an interim citizens committee.
These actions should serve to protect in fact and in effect the court's wards from undue costs and its appointed and elected servants from unmeritorious criticisms, the jury said.
Regarding Atlanta's new multi-million-dollar airport, the jury recommended that when the new management takes charge Jan. 1 the airport be operated in a manner that will eliminate political influences.
The jury did not elaborate, but it added that there should be periodic surveillance of the pricing practices of the concessionaires for the purpose of keeping the prices reasonable.
Ask jail deputies on other matters, the jury recommended that : 1 four additional deputies be employed at the Fulton County Jail and a doctor, medical intern or extern be employed for night and weekend duty at the jail.
2 Fulton legislators work with city officials to pass enabling legislation that will permit the establishment of a fair and equitable pension plan for city employes.
The jury praised the administration and operation of the Atlanta Police Department, the Fulton Tax Commissioner's Office, the Bellwood and Alpharetta prison farms, Grady Hospital and the Fulton Health Department.
Mayor William B. Hartsfield filed suit for divorce from his wife, Pearl Williams Hartsfield, in Fulton Superior Court Friday.
His petition charged mental cruelty.
The couple was married Aug. 2, 1913.
They have a son, William Berry Jr., and a daughter, Mrs. J. M. Cheshire of Griffin.
Attorneys for the mayor said that an amicable property settlement has been agreed upon.
The petition listed the mayor's occupation as attorney and his age as 71.
It listed his wife's age as 74 and place of birth as Opelika, Ala..
The petition said that the couple has not lived together as man and wife for more than a year.
The Hartsfield home is at 637 E. Pelham Rd. *j.
Henry L. Bowden was listed on the petition as the mayor's attorney.
Hartsfield has been mayor of Atlanta, with exception of one brief interlude, since 1937.
His political career goes back to his election to city council in 1923.
The mayor's present term of office expires Jan. 1.
He will be succeeded by Ivan Allen Jr., who became a candidate in the Sept. 13 primary after Mayor Hartsfield announced that he would not run for reelection.
Georgia Republicans are getting strong encouragement to enter a candidate in the 1962 governor's race, a top official said Wednesday.
Robert Snodgrass, state *j chairman, said a meeting held Tuesday night in Blue Ridge brought enthusiastic responses from the audience.
State Party Chairman James W. Dorsey added that enthusiasm was picking up for a state rally to be held Sept. 8 in Savannah at which newly elected Texas Sen. John Tower will be the featured speaker.
In the Blue Ridge meeting, the audience was warned that entering a candidate for governor would force it to take petitions out into voting precincts to obtain the signatures of registered voters.
Despite the warning, there was a unanimous vote to enter a candidate, according to Republicans who attended.
When the crowd was asked whether it wanted to wait one more term to make the race, it voted no -- and there were no dissents.
The largest hurdle the Republicans would have to face is a state law which says that before making a first race, one of two alternative courses must be taken : 1 five per cent of the voters in each county must sign petitions requesting that the Republicans be allowed to place names of candidates on the general election ballot, or 2 the Republicans must hold a primary under the county unit system -- a system which the party opposes in its platform.
Sam Caldwell, State Highway Department public relations director, resigned Tuesday to work for Lt. Gov. Garland Byrd's campaign.
Caldwell's resignation had been expected for some time.
He will be succeeded by Rob Ledford of Gainesville, who has been an assistant more than three years.
When the gubernatorial campaign starts, Caldwell is expected to become a campaign coordinator for Byrd.
The Georgia Legislature will wind up its 1961 session Monday and head for home -- where some of the highway bond money it approved will follow shortly.
Before adjournment Monday afternoon, the Senate is expected to approve a study of the number of legislators allotted to rural and urban areas to determine what adjustments should be made.
Gov. Vandiver is expected to make the traditional visit to both chambers as they work toward adjournment.
Vandiver likely will mention the $100 million highway bond issue approved earlier in the session as his first priority item.
Construction bonds meanwhile, it was learned the State Highway Department is very near being ready to issue the first $30 million worth of highway reconstruction bonds.
The bond issue will go to the state courts for a friendly test suit to test the validity of the act, and then the sales will begin and contracts let for repair work on some of Georgia's most heavily traveled highways.
A Highway Department source said there also is a plan there to issue some $3 million to $4 million worth of Rural Roads Authority bonds for rural road construction work.
A revolving fund the department apparently intends to make the Rural Roads Authority a revolving fund under which new bonds would be issued every time a portion of the old ones are paid off by tax authorities.
Vandiver opened his race for governor in 1958 with a battle in the Legislature against the issuance of $50 million worth of additional rural roads bonds proposed by then Gov. Marvin Griffin.
The Highway Department source told The Constitution, however, that Vandiver has not been consulted yet about the plans to issue the new rural roads bonds.
Schley County Rep. B. D. Pelham will offer a resolution Monday in the House to rescind the body's action of Friday in voting itself a $10 per day increase in expense allowances.
Pelham said Sunday night there was research being done on whether the quickie vote on the increase can be repealed outright or whether notice would have to first be given that reconsideration of the action would be sought.
While emphasizing that technical details were not fully worked out, Pelham said his resolution would seek to set aside the privilege resolution which the House voted through 87-31.
A similar resolution passed in the Senate by a vote of 29-5.
As of Sunday night, there was no word of a resolution being offered there to rescind the action.
Pelham pointed out that Georgia voters last November rejected a constitutional amendment to allow legislators to vote on pay raises for future Legislature sessions.
A veteran Jackson County legislator will ask the Georgia House Monday to back federal aid to education, something it has consistently opposed in the past.
Rep. Mac Barber of Commerce is asking the House in a privilege resolution to endorse increased federal support for public education, provided that such funds be received and expended as state funds.
Barber, who is in his 13th year as a legislator, said there are some members of our congressional delegation in Washington who would like to see it ( the resolution ) passed.
But he added that none of Georgia's congressmen specifically asked him to offer the resolution.
The resolution, which Barber tossed into the House hopper Friday, will be formally read Monday.
It says that in the event Congress does provide this increase in federal funds, the State Board of Education should be directed to give priority to teacher pay raises.
Colquitt -- after a long, hot controversy, Miller County has a new school superintendent, elected, as a policeman put it, in the coolest election I ever saw in this county.
The new school superintendent is Harry Davis, a veteran agriculture teacher, who defeated Felix Bush, a school principal and chairman of the Miller County Democratic Executive Committee.
Davis received 1,119 votes in Saturday's election, and Bush got 402.
Ordinary Carey Williams, armed with a pistol, stood by at the polls to insure order.
This was the coolest, calmest election I ever saw, Colquitt Policeman Tom Williams said.
Being at the polls was just like being at church.
I didn't smell a drop of liquor, and we didn't have a bit of trouble.
The campaign leading to the election was not so quiet, however.
It was marked by controversy, anonymous midnight phone calls and veiled threats of violence.
The former county school superintendent, George P. Callan, shot himself to death March 18, four days after he resigned his post in a dispute with the county school board.
During the election campaign, both candidates, Davis and Bush, reportedly received anonymous telephone calls.
Ordinary Williams said he, too, was subjected to anonymous calls soon after he scheduled the election.
Many local citizens feared that there would be irregularities at the polls, and Williams got himself a permit to carry a gun and promised an orderly election.
Sheriff Felix Tabb said the ordinary apparently made good his promise.
Everything went real smooth, the sheriff said.
There wasn't a bit of trouble.
Austin, Texas -- committee approval of Gov. Price Daniel's abandoned property act seemed certain Thursday despite the adamant protests of Texas bankers.
Daniel personally led the fight for the measure, which he had watered down considerably since its rejection by two previous Legislatures, in a public hearing before the House Committee on Revenue and Taxation.
Under committee rules, it went automatically to a subcommittee for one week.
But questions with which committee members taunted bankers appearing as witnesses left little doubt that they will recommend passage of it.
Daniel termed extremely conservative his estimate that it would produce 17 million dollars to help erase an anticipated deficit of 63 million dollars at the end of the current fiscal year next Aug. 31.
He told the committee the measure would merely provide means of enforcing the escheat law which has been on the books since Texas was a republic.
It permits the state to take over bank accounts, stocks and other personal property of persons missing for seven years or more.
The bill, which Daniel said he drafted personally, would force banks, insurance firms, pipeline companies and other corporations to report such property to the state treasurer.
The escheat law cannot be enforced now because it is almost impossible to locate such property, Daniel declared.
Dewey Lawrence, a Tyler lawyer representing the Texas Bankers Association, sounded the opposition keynote when he said it would force banks to violate their contractual obligations with depositors and undermine the confidence of bank customers.
If you destroy confidence in banks, you do something to the economy, he said.
You take out of circulation many millions of dollars.
Rep. Charles E. Hughes of Sherman, sponsor of the bill, said a failure to enact it would amount to making a gift out of the taxpayers' pockets to banks, insurance and pipeline companies.
His contention was denied by several bankers, including Scott Hudson of Sherman, Gaynor B. Jones of Houston, J. B. Brady of Harlingen and Howard Cox of Austin.
Cox argued that the bill is probably unconstitutional since, he said, it would impair contracts.
He also complained that not enough notice was given on the hearing, since the bill was introduced only last Monday.
Austin, Texas -- senators unanimously approved Thursday the bill of Sen. George Parkhouse of Dallas authorizing establishment of day schools for the deaf in Dallas and the four other largest counties.
The bill is designed to provide special schooling for more deaf students in the scholastic age at a reduced cost to the state.
There was no debate as the Senate passed the bill on to the House.
It would authorize the Texas Education Agency to establish county-wide day schools for the deaf in counties of 300,000 or more population, require deaf children between 6 and 13 years of age to attend the day schools, permitting older ones to attend the residential Texas School for the Deaf here.
Operating budget for the day schools in the five counties of Dallas, Harris, Bexar, Tarrant and El Paso would be $451,500, which would be a savings of $157,460 yearly after the first year's capital outlay of $88,000 was absorbed, Parkhouse told the Senate.
The *j estimated there would be 182 scholastics to attend the day school in Dallas County, saving them from coming to Austin to live in the state deaf school.
Dallas may get to hear a debate on horse race parimutuels soon between Reps. V. E. ( Red ) Berry and Joe Ratcliff.
While details are still to be worked out, Ratcliff said he expects to tell home folks in Dallas why he thinks Berry's proposed constitutional amendment should be rejected.
We're getting more pro letters than con on horse race betting, said Ratcliff.
But I believe if people were better informed on this question, most of them would oppose it also.
I'm willing to stake my political career on it.
Rep. Berry, an ex-gambler from San Antonio, got elected on his advocacy of betting on the ponies.
A House committee which heard his local option proposal is expected to give it a favorable report, although the resolution faces hard sledding later.
The house passed finally, and sent to the Senate, a bill extending the State Health Department's authority to give planning assistance to cities.
The senate quickly whipped through its meager fare of House bills approved by committees, passing the three on the calendar.
One validated acts of school districts.
Another enlarged authority of the Beaumont Navigation District.
The third amended the enabling act for creation of the Lamar county Hospital District, for which a special constitutional amendment previously was adopted.
Without dissent, senators passed a bill by Sen. A. R. Schwartz of Galveston authorizing establishment in the future of a school for the mentally retarded in the Gulf Coast district.
Money for its construction will be sought later on but in the meantime the State Hospital board can accept gifts and donations of a site.
Two tax revision bills were passed.
One, by Sen. Louis Crump of San Saba, would aid more than 17,000 retailers who pay a group of miscellaneous excise taxes by eliminating the requirement that each return be notarized.
Instead, retailers would sign a certificate of correctness, violation of which would carry a penalty of one to five years in prison, plus a $1,000 fine.
It was one of a series of recommendations by the Texas Research League.
The other bill, by Sen. A. M. Aikin Jr. of Paris, would relieve real estate brokers, who pay their own annual licensing fee, from the $12 annual occupation license on brokers in such as stocks and bonds.
Natural gas public utility companies would be given the right of eminent domain, under a bill by Sen. Frank Owen 3 of El Paso, to acquire sites for underground storage reservoirs for gas.
Marshall Formby of Plainview, former chairman of the Texas Highway Commission, suggested a plan to fill by appointment future vacancies in the Legislature and Congress, eliminating the need for costly special elections.
Under Formby's plan, an appointee would be selected by a board composed of the governor, lieutenant governor, speaker of the House, attorney general and chief justice of the Texas Supreme Court.
Austin, Texas -- state representatives decided Thursday against taking a poll on what kind of taxes Texans would prefer to pay.
An adverse vote of 81 to 65 kept in the State Affairs Committee a bill which would order the referendum on the April 4 ballot, when Texas votes on a U.*s. senator.
Rep. Wesley Roberts of Seminole, sponsor of the poll idea, said that further delay in the committee can kill the bill.
The West Texan reported that he had finally gotten Chairman Bill Hollowell of the committee to set it for public hearing on Feb. 22.
The proposal would have to receive final legislative approval, by two-thirds majorities, before March 1 to be printed on the April 4 ballot, Roberts said.
Opponents generally argued that the ballot couldn't give enough information about tax proposals for the voters to make an intelligent choice.
All Dallas members voted with Roberts, except Rep. Bill Jones, who was absent.
Austin, Texas -- Paradise lost to the alleged water needs of Texas' big cities Thursday.
Rep. James Cotten of Weatherford insisted that a water development bill passed by the Texas House of Representatives was an effort by big cities like Dallas and Fort Worth to cover up places like Paradise, a Wise County hamlet of 250 people.
When the shouting ended, the bill passed, 114 to 4, sending it to the Senate, where a similar proposal is being sponsored by Sen. George Parkhouse of Dallas.
Most of the fire was directed by Cotten against Dallas and Sen. Parkhouse.
The bill would increase from $5,000,000 to $15,000,000 the maximum loan the state could make to a local water project.
Cotten construed this as a veiled effort by Parkhouse to help Dallas and other large cities get money which Cotten felt could better be spent providing water for rural Texas.
Statements by other legislators that Dallas is paying for all its water program by local bonds, and that less populous places would benefit most by the pending bill, did not sway Cotten's attack.
The bill's defenders were mostly small-town legislators like J. W. Buchanan of Dumas, Eligio ( Kika ) De La Garza of Mission, Sam F. Collins of Newton and Joe Chapman of Sulphur Springs.
This is a poor boy's bill, said Chapman.
Dallas and Fort Worth can vote bonds.
This would help the little peanut districts.
Austin, Texas -- a Houston teacher, now serving in the Legislature, proposed Thursday a law reducing the time spent learning educational methods.
Rep. Henry C. Grover, who teaches history in the Houston public schools, would reduce from 24 to 12 semester hours the so-called teaching methods courses required to obtain a junior or senior high school teaching certificate.
A normal year's work in college is 30 semester hours.
Grover also would require junior-senior high teachers to have at least 24 semester hours credit in the subject they are teaching.
The remainder of the 4-year college requirement would be in general subjects.
A person with a master's degree in physics, chemistry, math or English, yet who has not taken Education courses, is not permitted to teach in the public schools, said Grover.
College teachers in Texas are not required to have the Education courses.
Fifty-three of the 150 representatives immediately joined Grover as co-signers of the proposal.
Paris, Texas ( sp. ) -- the board of regents of Paris Junior College has named Dr. Clarence Charles Clark of Hays, Kan. as the school's new president.
Dr. Clark will succeed Dr. J. R. Mc*lemore, who will retire at the close of the present school term.
Dr. Clark holds an earned Doctor of Education degree from the University of Oklahoma.
He also received a Master of Science degree from Texas *j & *j College and a Bachelor of Science degree from Southwestern State College, Weatherford, Okla..
In addition, Dr. Clark has studied at Rhode Island State College and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
During his college career, Dr. Clark was captain of his basketball team and was a football letterman.
Dr. Clark has served as teacher and principal in Oklahoma high schools, as teacher and athletic director at Raymondville, Texas, High School, as an instructor at the University of Oklahoma, and as an associate professor of education at Fort Hays, Kan., State College.
He has served as a border patrolman and was in the Signal Corps of the U.*s. Army.
Denton, Texas ( sp. ) -- principals of the 13 schools in the Denton Independent School District have been re-elected for the 1961-62 session upon the recommendation of Supt. Chester O. Strickland.
State and federal legislation against racial discrimination in employment was called for yesterday in a report of a blue ribbon citizens committee on the aid to dependent children program.
The report, culminating a year long study of the *j program in Cook county by a New York City welfare consulting firm, listed 10 long range recommendations designed to reduce the soaring *j case load.
The report called racial discrimination in employment one of the most serious causes of family breakdown, desertion, and *j dependency.
Must solve problem the monthly cost of *j to more than 100,000 recipients in the county is 4.4 million dollars, said C. Virgil Martin, president of Carson Pirie Scott & Co., committee chairman.
We must solve the problems which have forced these people to depend upon *j for subsistence, Martin said.
The volume of *j cases will decrease, Martin reported, when the community is able to deal effectively with two problems : relatively limited skills and discrimination in employment because of color.
These, he said, are two of the principal underlying causes for family breakups leading to *j.
Calls for extension other recommendations made by the committee are : extension of the *j program to all children in need living with any relatives, including both parents, as a means of preserving family unity.
Research projects as soon as possible on the causes and prevention of dependency and illegitimacy.
Several defendants in the Summerdale police burglary trial made statements indicating their guilt at the time of their arrest, Judge James B. Parsons was told in Criminal court yesterday.
The disclosure by Charles Bellows, chief defense counsel, startled observers and was viewed as the prelude to a quarrel between the six attorneys representing the eight former policemen now on trial.
Bellows made the disclosure when he asked Judge Parsons to grant his client, Alan Clements, 30, a separate trial.
Bellows made the request while the all-woman jury was out of the courtroom.
Fears prejudicial aspects the statements may be highly prejudicial to my client, Bellows told the court.
Some of the defendants strongly indicated they knew they were receiving stolen property.
It is impossible to get a fair trial when some of the defendants made statements involving themselves and others.
Judge Parsons leaned over the bench and inquired, you mean some of the defendants made statements admitting this?
Yes, your honor, replied Bellows.
What this amounts to, if true, is that there will be a free-for-all fight in this case.
There is a conflict among the defendants.
Washington, July 24 -- President Kennedy today pushed aside other White House business to devote all his time and attention to working on the Berlin crisis address he will deliver tomorrow night to the American people over nationwide television and radio.
The President spent much of the week-end at his summer home on Cape Cod writing the first drafts of portions of the address with the help of White House aids in Washington with whom he talked by telephone.
Shortly after the Chief Executive returned to Washington in midmorning from Hyannis Port, Mass., a White House spokesman said the address text still had quite a way to go toward completion.
Decisions are made asked to elaborate, Pierre Salinger, White House press secretary, replied, I would say it's got to go thru several more drafts.
Salinger said the work President Kennedy, advisers, and members of his staff were doing on the address involved composition and wording, rather than last minute decisions on administration plans to meet the latest Berlin crisis precipitated by Russia's demands and proposals for the city.
The last 10 cases in the investigation of the Nov. 8 election were dismissed yesterday by Acting Judge John M. Karns, who charged that the prosecution obtained evidence by unfair and fundamentally illegal means.
Karns said that the cases involved a matter of even greater significance than the guilt or innocence of the 50 persons.
He said evidence was obtained in violation of the legal rights of citizens.
Karns' ruling pertained to eight of the 10 cases.
In the two other cases he ruled that the state had been unable to make a case.
Contempt proceedings originally had been brought against 677 persons in 133 precincts by Morris J. Wexler, special prosecutor.
Issue jury subpoenas Wexler admitted in earlier court hearings that he issued grand jury subpenas to about 200 persons involved in the election investigation, questioned the individuals in the Criminal courts building, but did not take them before the grand jury.
Mayer Goldberg, attorney for election judges in the 58th precinct of the 23d ward, argued this procedure constituted intimidation.
Wexler has denied repeatedly that coercion was used in questioning.
Karns said it was a wrongful act for Wexler to take statements privately and outside of the grand jury room.
He said this constituted a very serious misuse of the Criminal court processes.
Actually, the abuse of the process may have constituted a contempt of the Criminal court of Cook county, altho vindication of the authority of that court is not the function of this court, said Karns, who is a City judge in East St. Louis sitting in Cook County court.
Faced seven cases Karns had been scheduled this week to hear seven cases involving 35 persons.
Wexler had charged the precinct judges in these cases with complementary miscount of the vote, in which votes would be taken from one candidate and given to another.
The cases involved judges in the 33d, 24th, and 42d precincts of the 31st ward, the 21st and 28th precincts of the 29th ward, the 18th precinct of the 4th ward, and the 9th precinct of the 23d ward.
The case of the judges in the 58th precinct of the 23d ward had been heard previously and taken under advisement by Karns.
Two other cases also were under advisement.
Claims precedent lacking after reading his statement discharging the 23d ward case, Karns told Wexler that if the seven cases scheduled for trial also involved persons who had been subpenaed, he would dismiss them.
Washington, Feb. 9 -- President Kennedy today proposed a mammoth new medical care program whereby social security taxes on 70 million American workers would be raised to pay the hospital and some other medical bills of 14.2 million Americans over 65 who are covered by social security or railroad retirement programs.
The President, in a special message to Congress, tied in with his aged care plan requests for large federal grants to finance medical and dental scholarships, build 20 new medical and 20 new dental schools, and expand child health care and general medical research.
The aged care plan, similar to one the President sponsored last year as a senator, a fight on Capitol hill.
It was defeated in Congress last year.
Cost up to $37 a year it would be financed by boosting the social security payroll tax by as much as $37 a year for each of the workers now paying such taxes.
The social security payroll tax is now 6 per cent -- 3 per cent on each worker and employer -- on the first $4,800 of pay per year.
The Kennedy plan alone would boost the base to $5,000 a year and the payroll tax to 6.5 per cent -- 3.25 per cent each.
Similar payroll tax boosts would be imposed on those under the railroad retirement system.
The payroll tax would actually rise to 7.5 per cent starting Jan. 1, 1963, if the plan is approved, because the levy is already scheduled to go up by 1 per cent on that date to pay for other social security costs.
Outlays would increase officials estimated the annual tax boost for the medical plan would amount to 1.5 billion dollars and that medical benefits paid out would run 1 billion or more in the first year, 1963.
Both figures would go higher in later years.
Other parts of the Kennedy health plan would entail federal grants of 750 million to 1 billion dollars over the next 10 years.
These would be paid for out of general, not payroll, taxes.
Nursing home care the aged care plan carries these benefits for persons over 65 who are under the social security and railroad retirement systems : 1 full payment of hospital bills for stays up to 90 days for each illness, except that the patient would pay $10 a day of the cost for the first nine days.
2 full payment of nursing home bills for up to 180 days following discharge from a hospital.
A patient could receive up to 300 days paid-for nursing home care under a unit formula allowing more of such care for those who use none or only part of the hospital-care credit.
3 hospital outpatient clinic diagnostic service for all costs in excess of $20 a patient.
4 community visiting nurse services at home for up to 240 days an illness.
The President noted that Congress last year passed a law providing grants to states to help pay medical bills of the needy aged.
Calls proposal modest he said his plan is designed to meet the needs of those millions who have no wish to receive care at the taxpayers' expense, but who are nevertheless staggered by the drain on their savings -- or those of their children -- caused by an extended hospital stay.
This is a very modest proposal cut to meet absolutely essential needs, he said, and with sufficient deductible requirements to discourage any malingering or unnecessary overcrowding of our hospitals.
This is not a program of socialized medicine.
It is a program of prepayment of health costs with absolute freedom of choice guaranteed.
Every person will choose his own doctor and hospital.
Wouldn't pay doctors the plan does not cover doctor bills.
They would still be paid by the patient.
Apart from the aged care plan the President's most ambitious and costly proposals were for federal scholarships, and grants to build or enlarge medical and dental schools.
The President said the nation's 92 medical and 47 dental schools cannot now handle the student load needed to meet the rising need for health care.
Moreover, he said, many qualified young people are not going into medicine and dentistry because they can't afford the schooling costs.
Contributions to schools the scholarship plan would provide federal contributions to each medical and dental school equal to $1,500 a year for one-fourth of the first year students.
The schools could use the money to pay 4-year scholarships, based on need, of up to $2,000 a year per student.
In addition, the government would pay a $1,000 cost of education grant to the schools for each $1,500 in scholarship grants.
Officials estimated the combined programs would cost 5.1 million dollars the first year and would go up to 21 millions by 1966.
The President recommended federal matching grants totaling 700 million dollars in 10 years for constructing new medical and dental schools or enlarging the capacity of existing ones.
More for nursing homes in the area of community health services, the President called for doubling the present 10 million dollar a year federal grants for nursing home construction.
He asked for another 10 million dollar initial appropriation for stimulatory grants to states to improve nursing homes.
He further proposed grants of an unspecified sum for experimental hospitals.
In the child health field, the President said he will recommend later an increase in funds for programs under the children's bureau.
He also asked Congress to approve establishment of a national child health institute.
Asks research funds the President said he will ask Congress to increase grants to states for vocational rehabilitation.
He did not say by how much.
For medical research he asked a 20 million dollar a year increase, from 30 to 50 millions, in matching grants for building research facilities.
The President said he will also propose increasing, by an unspecified amount, the 540 million dollars in the 1961-62 budget for direct government research in medicine.
The President said his proposals combine the indispensable elements in a sound health program -- people, knowledge, services, facilities, and the means to pay for them.
Reaction as expected congressional reaction to the message was along expected lines.
Legislators who last year opposed placing aged-care under the social security system criticized the President's plan.
Those who backed a similar plan last year hailed the message.
Senate Republican Leader Dirksen ( Ill. ) and House Republican Leader Charles Halleck ( Ind. ) said the message did not persuade them to change their opposition to compulsory medical insurance.
Halleck said the voluntary care plan enacted last year should be given a fair trial first.
House Speaker Sam Rayburn ( D., Tex. ) called the Kennedy program a mighty fine thing, but made no prediction on its fate in the House.
Washington, Feb. 9 -- acting hastily under White House pressure, the Senate tonight confirmed Robert C. Weaver as the nation's federal housing chief.
Only 11 senators were on the floor and there was no record vote.
A number of scattered ayes and noes was heard.
Customary Senate rules were ignored in order to speed approval of the Negro leader as administrator of the housing and home finance agency.
In the last eight years, all Presidential appointments, including those of cabinet rank, have been denied immediate action because of a Senate rule requiring at least a 24 hour delay after they are reported to the floor.
Enforce by demand the rule was enforced by demand of Sen. Wayne Morse ( D., Ore. ) in connection with President Eisenhower's cabinet selections in 1953 and President Kennedy's in 1961.
Oslo the most positive element to emerge from the Oslo meeting of North Atlantic Treaty Organization Foreign Ministers has been the freer, franker, and wider discussions, animated by much better mutual understanding than in past meetings.
This has been a working session of an organization that, by its very nature, can only proceed along its route step by step and without dramatic changes.
In Oslo, the ministers have met in a climate of candor, and made a genuine attempt to get information and understanding one another's problems.
This atmosphere of understanding has been particularly noticeable where relations are concerned between the colonialist powers and those who have never, or not for a long time, had such problems.
The nightmare of a clash between those in trouble in Africa, exacerbated by the difficulties, changes, and tragedies facing them, and other allies who intellectually and emotionally disapprove of the circumstances that have brought these troubles about, has been conspicuous by its absence.
Explosion avoided in the case of Portugal, which a few weeks ago was rumored ready to walk out of the *j Council should critics of its Angola policy prove harsh, there has been a noticeable relaxation of tension.
The general, remarkably courteous, explanation has left basic positions unchanged, but there has been no explosion in the council.
There should even be no more bitter surprises in the *j General Assembly as to *j members' votes, since a new ad hoc *j committee has been set up so that in the future such topics as Angola will be discussed in advance.
Canada alone has been somewhat out of step with the Oslo attempt to get all the allied cars back on the track behind the *j locomotive.
Even Norway, despite daily but limited manifestations against atomic arms in the heart of this northernmost capital of the alliance, is today closer to the *j line.
On the negative side of the balance sheet must be set some disappointment that the United States leadership has not been as much in evidence as hoped for.
One diplomat described the tenor of Secretary of State Dean Rusk's speeches as inconclusive.
But he hastened to add that, if United States policies were not always clear, despite Mr. Rusk's analysis of the various global danger points and setbacks for the West, this may merely mean the new administration has not yet firmly fixed its policy.
Exploratory mood a certain vagueness may also be caused by tactical appreciation of the fact that the present council meeting is a semipublic affair, with no fewer than six Soviet correspondents accredited.
The impression has nevertheless been given during these three days, despite Mr. Rusk's personal popularity, that the United States delegation came to Oslo in a somewhat tentative and exploratory frame of mind, more ready to listen and learn than to enunciate firm policy on a global scale with detailed application to individual danger spots.
The Secretary of State himself, in his first speech, gave some idea of the tremendous march of events inside and outside the United States that has preoccupied the new administration in the past four months.
But where the core of *j is concerned, the Secretary of State has not only reiterated the United States' profound attachment to the alliance, cornerstone of its foreign policy, but has announced that five nuclear submarines will eventually be at *j disposal in European waters.
The Secretary of State has also solemnly repeated a warning to the Soviet Union that the United States will not stand for another setback in Berlin, an affirmation once again taken up by the council as a whole.
Conflict surveyed the secretary's greatest achievement is perhaps the rekindling of *j realization that East-*west friction, wherever it take place around the globe, is in essence the general conflict between two entirely different societies, and must be treated as such without regard to geographical distance or lack of apparent connection.
The annual spring meeting has given an impetus in three main directions : more, deeper, and more timely political consultation within the alliance, the use of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( when ratified ) as a method of coordinating aid to the underdeveloped countries, and the need for strengthening conventional forces as well as the maintenance of the nuclear deterrent.
This increase in the threshold, as the conventional forces strengthening is called, will prove one of the alliance's most difficult problems in the months to come.
Each ally will have to carry out obligations long since laid down, but never completely fulfilled.
Washington the Kennedy administration moves haltingly toward a Geneva conference on Laos just as serious debate over its foreign policy erupts for the first time.
There is little optimism here that the Communists will be any more docile at the conference table than they were in military actions on the ground in Laos.
The United States, State Department officials explain, now is mainly interested in setting up an international inspection system which will prevent Laos from being used as a base for Communist attacks on neighboring Thailand and South Viet Nam.
They count on the aid of the neutral countries attending the Geneva conference to achieve this.
The United States hopes that any future Lao Cabinet would not become Communist dominated.
But it is apparent that no acceptable formula has been found to prevent such a possibility.
Policies modified the inclination here is to accept a de facto cease-fire in Laos, rather than continue to insist on a verification of the cease-fire by the international control commission before participating in the Geneva conference.
This is another of the modifications of policy on Laos that the Kennedy administration has felt compelled to make.
It excuses these actions as being the chain reaction to basic errors made in the previous administration.
Its spokesmen insist that there has not been time enough to institute reforms in military and economic aid policies in the critical areas.
But with the months moving on -- and the immediate confrontations with the Communists showing no gain for the free world -- the question arises : how effective have Kennedy administration first foreign policy decisions been in dealing with Communist aggression?
Former Vice-*president Richard M. Nixon in Detroit called for a firmer and tougher policy toward the Soviet Union.
He was critical of what he feels is President Kennedy's tendency to be too conciliatory.
*j G*o*p restrained it does not take a Gallup poll to find out that most Republicans in Congress feel this understates the situation as Republicans see it.
They can hardly restrain themselves from raising the question of whether Republicans, if they had been in power, would have made amateurish and monumental blunders in Cuba.
One Republican senator told this correspondent that he was constantly being asked why he didn't attack the Kennedy administration on this score.
His reply, he said, was that he agreed to the need for unity in the country now.
But he further said that it was better politics to let others question the wisdom of administration policies first.
The Republicans some weeks ago served notice through Senator Thruston B. Morton ( R ) of Kentucky, chairman of the Republican National Committee, that the Kennedy administration would be held responsible if the outcome in Laos was a coalition government susceptible of Communist domination.
Kennedy administration policies also have been assailed now from another direction by 70 Harvard, Boston University, Brandeis, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology educators.
Detente urged this group pleads with the administration to give no further support for the invasion of Cuba by exile groups.
It recommends that the United States seek instead to detach the Castro regime from the Communist bloc by working for a diplomatic detente and a resumption of trade relations ; and concentrate its constructive efforts on eliminating in other parts of Latin America the social conditions on which totalitarian nationalism feeds.
Mr. Nixon, for his part, would oppose intervention in Cuba without specific provocation.
But he did recommend that President Kennedy state clearly that if Communist countries shipped any further arms to Cuba that it would not be tolerated.
Until the Cuban fiasco and the Communist military victories in Laos, almost any observer would have said that President Kennedy had blended a program that respected, generally, the opinions voiced both by Mr. Nixon and the professors.
Aid plans revamped very early in his administration he informed the Kremlin through diplomatic channels, a high official source disclosed, that the new administration would react even tougher than the Eisenhower administration would during the formative period of the administration.
Strenuous efforts were made to remove pin pricking from administration statements.
Policies on nuclear test ban negotiations were reviewed and changed.
But thus far there has been no response in kind.
Foreign aid programs were revamped to give greater emphasis to economic aid and to encourage political reform in recipient nations.
In Laos, the administration looked at the Eisenhower administration efforts to show determination by sailing a naval fleet into Southeast Asian waters as a useless gesture.
Again and again it asked the Communists to freeze the military situation in Laos.
But the Communists aided the Pathet Lao at an even faster rate.
And after several correspondents went into Pathet Lao territory and exposed the huge build-up, administration spokesmen acclaimed them for performing a great service and laid the matter before the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization.
*j S*e*a*t*o was steamed up and prepared contingency plans for coping with the military losses in Laos.
But the Communists never gave sufficient provocation at any one time for the United States to want to risk a limited or an all-out war over Laos.
( some *j nations disagreed, however.
) there was the further complication that the administration had very early concluded that Laos was ill suited to be an ally, unlike its more determined neighbors, Thailand and South Viet Nam.
The administration declared itself in favor of a neutralized Laos.
The pro-*western government, which the United States had helped in a revolt against the Souvanna Phouma neutralist government, never did appear to spark much fighting spirit in the Royal Lao Army.
There certainly was not any more energy displayed after it was clear the United States would not back the pro-*western government to the hilt.
If the administration ever had any ideas that it could find an acceptable alternative to Prince Souvanna Phouma, whom it felt was too trusting of Communists, it gradually had to relinquish them.
One factor was the statement of Senator J. W. Fulbright ( D ) of Arkansas, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
He declared on March 25 that the United States had erred a year and a half ago by encouraging the removal of Prince Souvanna.
Washington the White House is taking extraordinary steps to check the rapid growth of juvenile delinquency in the United States.
The President is deeply concerned over this problem and its effect upon the vitality of the nation.
In an important assertion of national leadership in this field, he has issued an executive order establishing the President's committee on Juvenile Delinquency and Crime, to be supported and assisted by a Citizens Advisory Council of recognized authorities on juvenile problems.
The President asks the support and cooperation of Congress in his efforts through the enactment of legislation to provide federal grants to states for specified efforts in combating this disturbing crime trend.
Offenses multiply the President has also called upon the Attorney General, the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, and the Secretary of Labor to coordinate their efforts in the development of a program of federal leadership to assist states and local communities in their efforts to cope with the problem.
Simultaneously the President announced Thursday the appointment of David L. Hackett, a special assistant to the Attorney General, as executive director of the new Committee on Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime.
His sense of urgency in this matter stems from the fact that court cases and juvenile arrests have more than doubled since 1948, each year showing an increase in offenders.
Among arrests reported by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1959, about half for burglary and larceny involved persons under 18 years of age.
East Providence should organize its civil defense setup and begin by appointing a full-time director, Raymond H. Hawksley, the present city *j head, believes.
Mr. Hawksley said yesterday he would be willing to go before the city council or anyone else locally to outline his proposal at the earliest possible time.
East Providence now has no civil defense program.
Mr. Hawksley, the state's general treasurer, has been a part-time *j director in the city for the last nine years.
He is not interested in being named a full-time director.
Noting that President Kennedy has handed the Defense Department the major responsibility for the nation's civil defense program, Mr. Hawksley said the federal government would pay half the salary of a full-time local director.
He expressed the opinion the city could hire a *j director for about $3,500 a year and would only have to put up half that amount on a matching fund basis to defray the salary costs.
Mr. Hawksley said he believed there are a number of qualified city residents who would be willing to take the full-time *j job.
One of these men is former Fire Chief John A. Laughlin, he said.
Along with a director, the city should provide a *j headquarters so that pertinent information about the local organization would be centralized.
Mr. Hawksley said.
One advantage that would come to the city in having a full-time director, he said, is that East Providence would become eligible to apply to the federal government for financial aid in purchasing equipment needed for a sound civil defense program.
Matching funds also can be obtained for procurement of such items as radios, sirens and rescue trucks, he said.
Mr. Hawksley believes that East Providence could use two more rescue trucks, similar to the *j vehicle obtained several years ago and now detailed to the Central Fire Station.
He would assign one of the rescue trucks to the Riverside section of the city and the other to the Rumford area.
Speaking of the present status of civil defense in the city, Mr. Hawksley said he would be willing to bet that not more than one person in a hundred would know what to do or where to go in the event of an enemy attack.
The Narragansett Race Track grounds is one assembly point, he said, and a drive-in theater in Seekonk would be another.
Riverside residents would go to the Seekonk assembly point.
Mr. Hawksley said he was not critical of city residents for not knowing what to do or where to assemble in case of an air attack.
Such vital information, he said, has to be made available to the public frequently and at regular intervals for residents to know.
If the city council fails to consider appointment of a full-time *j director, Mr. Hawksley said, then he plans to call a meeting early in September so that a civil defense organization will be developed locally.
One of the first things he would do, he said, would be to organize classes in first aid.
Other steps would be developed after information drifts down to the local level from the federal government.
Rhode Island is going to examine its Sunday sales law with possible revisions in mind.
Governor Notte said last night he plans to name a committee to make the study and come up with recommendations for possible changes in time for the next session of the General Assembly.
The governor's move into the so-called blue law controversy came in the form of a letter to Miss Mary R. Grant, deputy city clerk of Central Falls.
A copy was released to the press.
Mr. Notte was responding to a resolution adopted by the Central Falls City Council on July 10 and sent to the state house by Miss Grant.
The resolution urges the governor to have a complete study of the Sunday sales laws made with an eye to their revision at the next session of the legislature.
While the city council suggested that the Legislative Council might perform the review, Mr. Notte said that instead he will take up the matter with Atty. Gen. J. Joseph Nugent to get the benefit of his views.
He will then appoint the study committee with Mr. Nugent's cooperation, the governor said.
I would expect the proposed committee to hold public hearings, Mr. Notte said, to obtain the views of the general public and religious, labor and special-interest groups affected by these laws.
The governor wrote Miss Grant that he has been concerned for some time with the continuous problem which confronts our local and state law enforcement officers as a result of the laws regulating Sunday sales.
The attorney general has advised local police that it is their duty to enforce the blue laws.
Should there be evidence they are shirking, he has said, the state police will step into the situation.
There has been more activity across the state line in Massachusetts than in Rhode Island in recent weeks toward enforcement of the Sunday sales laws.
The statutes, similar in both the Bay State and Rhode Island and dating back in some instances to colonial times, severely limit the types of merchandise that may be sold on the Sabbath.
The Central Falls City Council expressed concern especially that more foods be placed on the eligible list and that neighborhood grocery and variety stores be allowed to do business on Sunday.
The only day they have a chance to compete with large supermarkets is on Sunday, the council's resolution said.
The small shops must be retained, for they provide essential service to the community, according to the resolution, which added that they also are the source of livelihood for thousands of our neighbors.
It declares that Sunday sales licenses provide great revenue to the local government.
The council advised the governor that large supermarkets, factory outlets and department stores not be allowed to do business on Sunday.
They operate on a volume basis, it was contended, and are not essential to provide the more limited but vital shopping needs of the community.
Liberals and conservatives in both parties -- democratic and Republican -- should divorce themselves and form two independent parties, George H. Reama, nationally known labor-management expert, said here yesterday.
Mr. Reama told the Rotary Club of Providence at its luncheon at the Sheraton-*biltmore Hotel that about half of the people in the country want the welfare type of government and the other half want a free enterprise system.
He suggested that a regrouping of forces might allow the average voter a better pull at the right lever for him on election day.
He said he was confessing that I was a member of the Socialist Party in 1910.
That, he added, was when he was a very young man, a machinist and toolmaker by trade.
That was before I studied law.
Some of my fellow workers were grooming me for an office in the Socialist Party.
The lawyer with whom I studied law steered me off the Socialist track.
He steered me to the right track -- the free enterprise track.
He said that when he was a Socialist in 1910, the party called for government operation of all utilities and the pooling of all resources.
He suggested that without the Socialist Party ever gaining a national victory, most of its original program has come to pass under both major parties.
Mr. Reama, who retired as vice president of the American Screw Co. in 1955 said, both parties in the last election told us that we need a five per cent growth in the gross national product -- but neither told us how to achieve it.
He said he favors wage increases for workers -- but manufacturers are caught in a profit squeeze -- and raises should only come when the public is conditioned to higher prices, he added.
Indicating the way in which he has turned his back on his 1910 philosophy, Mr. Reama said : a Socialist is a person who believes in dividing everything he does not own.
Mr. Reama, far from really being retired, is engaged in industrial relations counseling.
A petition bearing the signatures of more than 1,700 Johnston taxpayers was presented to the town council last night as what is hoped will be the first step in obtaining a home rule charter for the town.
William A. Martinelli, chairman of the Citizens Group of Johnston, transferred the petitions from his left hand to his right hand after the council voted to accept them at the suggestion of Council President Raymond Fortin Sr..
The law which governs home rule charter petitions states that they must be referred to the chairman of the board of canvassers for verification of the signatures within 10 days and Mr. Martinelli happens to hold that post.
Mr. Martinelli explained that there should be more than enough signatures to assure the scheduling of a vote on the home rule charter and possible election of a nine member charter commission within 70 days.
He explained that by law the council must establish procedures for a vote on the issue within 60 days after the board of canvassers completes its work.
A difference of opinion arose between Mr. Martinelli and John P. Bourcier, town solicitor, over the exact manner in which the vote is handled.
Mr. Martinelli has, in recent weeks, been of the opinion that a special town meeting would be called for the vote, while Mr. Bourcier said that a special election might be called instead.
Mr. Bourcier said that he had consulted several Superior Court justices in the last week and received opinions favoring both procedures.
He assured Mr. Martinelli and the council that he would study the correct method and report back to the council as soon as possible.
Mr. Martinelli said yesterday that the Citizens Group of Johnston will meet again July 24 to plan further strategy in the charter movement.
He said that the group has no candidates for the charter commission in mind at present, but that it will undoubtedly endorse candidates when the time comes.
After inspiring this, I think we should certainly follow through on it, he declared.
It has become our responsibility and I hope that the Citizens Group will spearhead the movement.
He said he would not be surprised if some of the more than 30 members of the group are interested in running on the required non-partisan ballot for posts on the charter commission.
Our most immediate goal is to increase public awareness of the movement, he indicated, and to tell them what this will mean for the town.
He expects that if the present timetable is followed a vote will be scheduled during the last week in September.
Some opposition to the home rule movement started to be heard yesterday, with spokesmen for the town's insurgent Democratic leadership speaking out against the home rule charter in favor of the model municipal league charter.
Increasing opposition can be expected in coming weeks, it was indicated.
Misunderstanding of the real meaning of a home rule charter was cited as a factor which has caused the Citizens Group to obtain signatures under what were termed false pretenses.
Several signers affixed their names, it was learned, after being told that no tax increase would be possible without consent of the General Assembly and that a provision could be included in the charter to have the town take over the Johnston Sanitary District sewer system.
Action on a new ordinance permitting motorists who plead guilty to minor traffic offenses to pay fines at the local police station may be taken at Monday's special North Providence Town Council meeting.
Council president Frank San*antonio said yesterday he may ask the council to formally request Town Solicitor Michael A. Abatuno to draft the ordinance.
At the last session of the General Assembly, the town was authorized to adopt such an ordinance as a means of making enforcement of minor offenses more effective.
Nothing has been done yet to take advantage of the enabling legislation.
At present all offenses must be taken to Sixth District Court for disposition.
Local police have hesitated to prosecute them because of the heavy court costs involved even for the simplest offense.
Plainfield -- James P. Mitchell and Sen. Walter H. Jones *j, last night disagreed on the value of using as a campaign issue a remark by Richard J. Hughes, Democratic gubernatorial candidate, that the *j is campaigning on the carcass of Eisenhower Republicanism.
Mitchell was for using it, Jones against, and Sen. Wayne Dumont Jr. *j did not mention it when the three Republican gubernatorial candidates spoke at staggered intervals before 100 persons at the Park Hotel.
The controversial remark was first made Sunday by Hughes at a Westfield Young Democratic Club cocktail party at the Scotch Plains Country Club.
It was greeted with a chorus of boos by 500 women in Trenton Monday at a forum of the State Federation of Women's Clubs.
Hughes said Monday, it is the apparent intention of the Republican Party to campaign on the carcass of what they call Eisenhower Republicanism, but the heart stopped beating and the lifeblood congealed after Eisenhower retired.
Now he's gone, the Republican Party is not going to be able to sell the tattered remains to the people of the state.
Sunday he had added, we can love Eisenhower the man, even if we considered him a mediocre president but there is nothing left of the Republican Party without his leadership.
Mitchell said the statement should become a major issue in the primary and the fall campaign.
How can a man with any degree of common decency charge this?
He asked.
The former secretary of labor said he was proud to be an Eisenhower Republican and proud to have absorbed his philosophy while working in his adminstration.
Mitchell said the closeness of the outcome in last fall's Presidential election did not mean that Eisenhower Republicanism was a dead issue.
Regrets attack Jones said he regretted Hughes had made a personal attack on a past president.
He is wrong to inject Eisenhower into this campaign, he said, because the primary is being waged on state issues and I will not be forced into re-arguing an old national campaign.
The audience last night did not respond with either applause or boos to mention of Hughes' remark.
Dumont spoke on the merit of having an open primary.
He then launched into what the issues should be in the campaign.
State aid to schools, the continuance of railroad passenger service, the proper uses of surplus funds of the Port of New York Authority, and making New Jersey attractive to new industry.
Decries joblessness Mitchell decried the high rate of unemployment in the state and said the Meyner administration and the Republican-controlled State Senate must share the blame for this.
Noting that Plainfield last year had lost the Mack Truck Co. plant, he said industry will not come into this state until there is tax reform.
But I am not in favor of a sales or state income tax at this time, Mitchell said.
Jones, unhappy that the candidates were limited to eight minutes for a speech and no audience questions, saved his barbs for Mitchell.
He said Mitchell is against the centralization of government in Washington but looks to the Kennedy Administration for aid to meet New Jersey school and transportation crises.
He calls for help while saying he is against centralization, but you can't have it both ways, Jones said.
The state is now faced with the immediate question of raising new taxes whether on utilities, real estate or motor vehicles, he said, and I challenge Mitchell to tell the people where he stands on the tax issue.
Defends Ike earlier, Mitchell said in a statement : I think that all Americans will resent deeply the statements made about President Eisenhower by Richard J. Hughes.
His reference to discredited carcass or tattered remains of the president's leadership is an insult to the man who led our forces to victory in the greatest war in all history, to the man who was twice elected overwhelmingly by the American people as president of the United States, and who has been the symbol to the world of the peace-loving intentions of the free nations.
I find it hard to understand how anyone seeking a position in public life could demonstrate such poor judgment and bad taste.
Such a vicious statement can only have its origin in the desire of a new political candidate to try to make his name known by condemning a man of world stature.
It can only rebound to Mr. Hughes' discredit.
Sees Jones ahead Sen. Charles W. Sandman, *j May, said today Jones will run well ahead of his *j opponents for the gubernatorial nomination.
Sandman, state campaign chairman for Jones, was addressing a meeting in the Military Park Hotel, Newark, of Essex County leaders and campaign managers for Jones.
Sandman told the gathering that reports from workers on a local level all over the state indicate that Jones will be chosen the Republican Party's nominee with the largest majority given a candidate in recent years.
Sandman said : the announcement that Sen. Clifford Case *j, has decided to spend all his available time campaigning for Mr. Mitchell is a dead giveaway.
It is a desperate effort to prop up a sagging candidate who has proven he cannot answer any questions about New Jersey's problems.
We have witnessed in this campaign the effort to project Mr. Mitchell as the image of a unity candidate from Washington.
That failed.
We are now witnessing an effort to transfer to Mr. Mitchell some of the glow of Sen. Case's candidacy of last year.
That, too, will fail.
Sandman announced the appointment of Mrs. Harriet Copeland Greenfield of 330 Woodland Ave., Westfield, as state chairman of the Republican Women for Jones Committee.
Mrs. Greenfield is president of the Westfield Women's Republican Club and is a Westfield county committeewoman.
County Supervisor Weldon R. Sheets, who is a candidate for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination, today called for an end to paper ballots in those counties in the state which still use them.
The proposal, Sheets said, represents part of his program for election reforms necessary to make democracy in New Jersey more than a lip service word.
Sheets said that his proposed law would offer state financing aid for the purchase of voting machines, enabling counties to repay the loan over a 10-year period without interest or charge.
Sheets added that he would ask for exclusive use of voting machines in the state by January, 1964.
Although he pointed out that mandatory legislation impinging on home rule is basically distasteful, he added that the vital interest in election results transcended county lines.
The candidacy of Mayor James J. Sheeran of West Orange, for the Republican nomination for sheriff of Essex County, was supported today by Edward W. Roos, West Orange public safety commissioner.
Sheeran, a lawyer and former *j man is running against the Republican organization's candidate, Freeholder William Mac*donald, for the vacancy left by the resignation of Neil Duffy, now a member of the State Board of Tax Appeals.
My experience as public safety commissioner, Roos said, has shown me that the office of sheriff is best filled by a man with law enforcement experience, and preferably one who is a lawyer.
Jim Sheeran fits that description.
Trenton -- William J. Seidel, state fire warden in the Department of Conservation and Economic Development, has retired after 36 years of service.
A citation from Conservation Commissioner Salvatore A. Bontempo credits his supervision with a reduction in the number of forest fires in the state.
Seidel joined the department in 1925 as a division fire warden after graduation in 1921 from the University of Michigan with a degree in forestry and employment with private lumber companies.
In October 1944, he was appointed state warden and chief of the Forest Fire Section.
Under his supervision, the state fire-fighting agency developed such techniques as plowing of fire lines and established a fleet of tractor plows and tractor units for fire fighting.
He also expanded and modernized the radio system with a central control station.
He introduced regular briefing sessions for district fire wardens and first aid training for section wardens.
He is credited with setting up an annual co-operative fire prevention program in co-operation with the Red Cross and State Department of Education.
Boonton -- Richard J. Hughes made his Morris County debut in his bid for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination here last night with a pledge to carry the issues to every corner of the state.
He promised nearly 200 Democratic county committee members at the meeting in the Puddingstone Inn : when I come back here after the November election you'll think, you're my man -- elected.
He said you're the kind of governor we're glad we, we Democrats must resolve our issues on the test of what is right and just, and not what is expedient at the time.
Attacks Republicans in his only attack on the Republicans, Hughes said, the three Republican candidates for governor are tripping over their feet for popular slogans to win the primary.
But we'll have a liberal, well planned, forward looking, honest platform.
We'll not talk out of one side of our mouth in Morris County and out of the other side in Hudson.
We'll take the truth to the people, and the people will like the truth and elect their candidate and party in November.
He said, you can see signs of the Republicans' feeble attack on the Meyner administration.
But I shall campaign on the Meyner record to meet the needs of the years ahead.
He urged New Jersey to become a full partner in the courageous actions of President Kennedy.
He called for a greater attraction of industry and a stop to the piracy of industry by Southern states, and a strong fight against discrimination in business and industry.
We must keep the bloodstream of New Jersey clean, the former Superior Court judge said.
To prevent hoodlums from infiltrating the state as they did in the Republican administration in the early 1940s.
Calling the Democrats the party that lives, breathes and thinks for the good of the people, Hughes asked, a representative Democratic vote in the primary for a springboard toward victory in November.
Hughes supported Gov. Meyner's Green Acres plan for saving large tracts of open land from the onrush of urban development.
He said legislation for a $60 million bond issue to underwrite the program is expected to be introduced Monday.
Conservation plan the plan will provide $45 million for purchase of open land by the state.
The other $15 million is to be alloted to municipalities on a matching fund basis.
Hughes said, this is not a plan to conquer space -- but to conserve it, pointing out the state population has increased 125,000 each year since 1950.
He said Morris County is rapidly changing and unless steps are taken to preserve the green areas, there will be no land left to preserve.
Hughes would not comment on tax reforms or other issues in which the Republican candidates are involved.
He said no matter what stand he takes it would be misconstrued that he was sympathetic to one or the other of the Republicans.
After the primary, he promised, I'll be explicit on where I stand to bring you a strong, dynamic administration.
I'm not afraid to tangle with the Republican nominee.
Trenton -- fifteen members of the Republican State Committee who are retiring -- voluntarily -- this year were honored yesterday by their colleagues.
The outgoing members, whose four-year terms will expire a week after the April 18 primary election, received carved wooden elephants, complete with ivory tusks, to remember the state committee by.
There may be other 1961 state committee retirements come April 18, but they will be leaving by choice of the Republican voters.
A special presentation was made to Mrs. Geraldine Thompson of Red Bank, who is stepping down after 35 years on the committee.
She also was the original *j national committeewoman from New Jersey in the early 1920s following adoption of the women's suffrage amendment.
She served one four-year term on the national committee.
Resentment welled up yesterday among Democratic district leaders and some county leaders at reports that Mayor Wagner had decided to seek a third term with Paul R. Screvane and Abraham D. Beame as running mates.
At the same time reaction among anti-organization Democratic leaders and in the Liberal party to the Mayor's reported plan was generally favorable.
Some anti-organization Democrats saw in the program an opportunity to end the bitter internal fight within the Democratic party that has been going on for the last three years.
The resentment among Democratic organization leaders to the reported Wagner plan was directed particularly at the Mayor's efforts to name his own running mates without consulting the leaders.
Some viewed this attempt as evidence that Mr. Wagner regarded himself as bigger than the party.
Opposition reported some Democratic district and county leaders are reported trying to induce State Controller Arthur Levitt of Brooklyn to oppose Mr. Wagner for the Mayoral nomination in the Sept. 7 Democratic primary.
These contend there is a serious question as to whether Mr. Wagner has the confidence of the Democratic rank and file in the city.
Their view is that last-minute changes the Mayor is proposing to make in the Democratic ticket only emphasize the weakness of his performance as Mayor.
In an apparent effort to head off such a rival primary slate, Mr. Wagner talked by telephone yesterday with Representative Charles A. Buckley, the Bronx Democratic leader, and with Joseph T. Sharkey, the Brooklyn Democratic leader.
Mayor visits Buckley as usual, he made no attempt to get in touch with Carmine G. De Sapio, the Manhattan leader.
He is publicly on record as believing Mr. De Sapio should be replaced for the good of the party.
Last night the Mayor visited Mr. Buckley at the Bronx leader's home for a discussion of the situation.
Apparently he believes Mr. Buckley holds the key to the Democratic organization's acceptance of his choices for running mates without a struggle.
In talks with Mr. Buckley last week in Washington, the Mayor apparently received the Bronx leader's assent to dropping Controller Lawrence E. Gerosa, who lives in the Bronx, from this year's ticket.
But Mr. Buckley seems to have assumed he would be given the right to pick Mr. Gerosa's successor.
Screvane and Beame hailed the Mayor declined in two interviews with reporters yesterday to confirm or deny the reports that he had decided to run and wanted Mr. Screvane, who lives in Queens, to replace Abe Stark, the incumbent, as the candidate for President of the City Council and Mr. Beame, who lives in Brooklyn, to replace Mr. Gerosa as the candidate for Controller.
The Mayor spoke yesterday at the United Irish Counties Feis on the Hunter College Campus in the Bronx.
After his speech, reporters asked him about the report of his political intentions, published in yesterday's New York Times.
The Mayor said : it didn't come from me.
But as I have said before, if I announce my candidacy, I will have something definite to say about running mates.
Boston, June 16 -- a wave of public resentment against corruption in government is rising in Massachusetts.
There is a tangible feeling in the air of revulsion toward politics.
The taxi driver taking the visitor from the airport remarks that politicians in the state are all the same.
It's see Joe, see Jim, he says.
The hand is out.
A political scientist writes of the growth of alienated voters, who believe that voting is useless because politicians or those who influence politicians are corrupt, selfish and beyond popular control.
These voters view the political process as a secret conspiracy, the object of which is to plunder them.
Corruption is hardly a recent development in the city and state that were widely identified as the locale of Edwin O'*connor's novel, The Last Hurrah.
But there are reasons for the current spotlight on the subject.
A succession of highly publicized scandals has aroused the public within the last year.
Graft in the construction of highways and other public works has brought on state and Federal investigations.
And the election of President Kennedy has attracted new attention to the ethical climate of his home state.
A reader of the Boston newspapers can hardly escape the impression that petty chicanery, or worse, is the norm in Massachusetts public life.
Day after day some new episode is reported.
The state Public Works Department is accused of having spent $8,555 to build a private beach for a state judge on his waterfront property.
An assistant attorney general is directed to investigate.
Washington, June 18 -- Congress starts another week tomorrow with sharply contrasting forecasts for the two chambers.
In the Senate, several bills are expected to pass without any major conflict or opposition.
In the House, the Southern-*republican coalition is expected to make another major stand in opposition to the Administration's housing bill, while more jockeying is expected in an attempt to advance the aid-to-education bill.
The housing bill is now in the House Rules Committee.
It is expected to be reported out Tuesday, but this is a little uncertain.
The panel's action depends on the return of Representative James W. Trimble, Democrat of Arkansas, who has been siding with Speaker Sam Rayburn's forces in the Rules Committee in moving bills to the floor.
Mr. Trimble has been in the hospital but is expected back Tuesday.
Leadership is hopeful the housing bill is expected to encounter strong opposition by the coalition of Southern Democrats and conservative Republicans.
The Democratic leadership, however, hopes to pass it sometime this week.
The $6,100,000,000 measure, which was passed last Monday by the Senate, provides for forty-year mortgages at low down-payments for moderate-income families.
It also provides for funds to clear slums and help colleges build dormitories.
The education bill appears to be temporarily stalled in the Rules Committee, where two Northern Democratic members who usually vote with the Administration are balking because of the religious controversy.
They are James J. Delaney of Queens and Thomas P. O'*neill Jr. of Massachusetts.
Three groups to meet what could rescue the bill would be some quick progress on a bill amending the National Defense Education Act of 1958.
This would provide for long-term Federal loans for construction of parochial and other private-school facilities for teaching science, languages and mathematics.
Mr. Delaney and Mr. O'*neill are not willing to vote on the public-school measure until the defense education bill clears the House Education and Labor Committee.
About half of all Peace Corps projects assigned to voluntary agencies will be carried out by religious groups, according to an official of the corps.
In the $40,000,000 budget that has been submitted for Congressional approval, $26,000,000 would be spent through universities and private voluntary agencies.
Twelve projects proposed by private groups are at the contract-negotiation stage, Gordon Boyce, director of relations with the voluntary agencies, said in a Washington interview.
Six of these were proposed by religious groups.
They will be for teaching, agriculture and community development in Southeast Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America.
Question raised interviews with several church leaders have disclosed that this development has raised the question whether the Peace Corps will be able to prevent confusion for church and state over methods, means and goals.
There are a number of ways this could happen, the churchmen pointed out, and here is an example : last month in Ghana an American missionary discovered when he came to pay his hotel bill that the usual rate had been doubled.
When he protested, the hotel owner said : why do you worry?
The U. S. Government is paying for it.
The U. S. Government pays for all its overseas workers.
Missionary explains I don't work for the Government, the American said.
I'm a missionary.
The hotel owner shrugged.
Same thing, he said.
And then, some churchmen remarked, there is a more classical church-state problem : can religious agencies use Government funds and Peace Corps personnel in their projects and still preserve the constitutional requirement on separation of church and state?
R. Sargent Shriver Jr., director of the corps, is certain that they can.
No religious group, he declared in an interview, will receive Peace Corps funds unless it forswears all proselytizing on the project it proposes.
Moscow, June 18 -- at a gay party in the Kremlin for President Sukarno of Indonesia, Premier Khrushchev pulled out his pockets and said, beaming : look, he took everything I had ] Mr. Khrushchev was jesting in the expansive mood of the successful banker.
Indonesia is one of the twenty under-developed countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America that are receiving Soviet aid.
The Soviet Union and other members of the Communist bloc are rapidly expanding their economic, technical and military assistance to the uncommitted nations.
The Communist countries allocated more than $1,000,000,000 in economic aid alone last year, according to Western estimates.
This was the biggest annual outlay since the Communist program for the under-developed countries made its modest beginning in 1954.
In 1960 more than 6,000 Communist technicians were present in those countries.
United Nations, N. Y., June 18 -- a committee of experts has recommended that a country's population be considered in the distribution of professional posts at the United Nations.
This was disclosed today by a responsible source amid intensified efforts by the Soviet Union to gain a greater role in the staff and operation of the United Nations.
One effect of the proposal, which puts a premium on population instead of economic strength, as in the past, would be to take jobs from European nations and give more to such countries as India.
India is the most populous United Nations member with more than 400,000,000 inhabitants.
The new formula for filling staff positions in the Secretariat is one of a number of recommendations made by a panel of eight in a long and detailed report.
The report was completed after nearly eighteen months of work on the question of the organization of the United Nations.
Formula is due this week the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions is expected to receive the report this week.
The jobs formula is understood to follow these lines : each of the organization's ninety-nine members would get two professional posts, such as political affairs officer, a department head or an economist, to start.
Each member would get one post for each 10,000,000 people in its population up to 150,000,000 people or a maximum of fifteen posts.
Each member with a population above 150,000,000 would get one additional post for each additional 30,000,000 people up to an unspecified cut-off point.
Geneva, June 18 -- the three leaders of Laos agreed today to begin negotiations tomorrow on forming a coalition government that would unite the war-ridden kingdom.
The decision was made in Zurich by Prince Boun Oum, Premier of the pro-*western royal Government ; Prince Souvanna Phouma, leader of the nation's neutralists and recognized as Premier by the Communist bloc, and Prince Souphanouvong, head of the pro-*communist Pathet Lao forces.
The latter two are half-brothers.
Their joint statement was welcomed by the Western delegations who will attend tomorrow the nineteenth plenary session of the fourteen-nation conference on the future of Laos.
An agreement among the Princes on a coalition government would ease their task, diplomats conceded.
But no one was overly optimistic.
Tactics studied in Geneva W. Averell Harriman of the United States, Malcolm Mac*donald of Britain, Maurice Couve De Murville, France's Foreign Minister, and Howard C. Green, Canada's Minister of External Affairs, concluded, meanwhile, a round of consultations here on future tactics in the conference.
The pace of the talks has slowed with each passing week.
Princess Moune, Prince Souvanna Phouma's young daughter, read the Princes' statement.
They had a two-hour luncheon together in an atmosphere of cordial understanding and relaxation, she said.
The three Laotians agreed upon a six-point agenda for their talks, which are to last three days.
The Princess said it was too early to say what would be decided if no agreement was reached after three days.
To deal with principles the meetings in Zurich, the statement said, would deal only with principles that would guide the three factors in their search for a coalition Government.
Appointment of William S. Pfaff Jr., 41, as promotion manager of The Times-*picayune Publishing Company was announced Saturday by John F. Tims, president of the company.
Pfaff succeeds Martin Burke, who resigned.
The new promotion manager has been employed by the company since January, 1946, as a commercial artist in the advertising department.
He is a native of New Orleans and attended Allen Elementary school, Fortier High school and Soule business college.
From June, 1942, until December, 1945, Pfaff served in the Army Air Corps.
While in the service he attended radio school at Scott Field in Belleville, Ill..
Before entering the service, Pfaff for five years did clerical work with a general merchandising and wholesale firm in New Orleans.
He is married to the former Audrey Knecht and has a daughter, Karol, 13.
They reside at 4911 Miles Dr..
Washington -- thousands of bleacher-type seats are being erected along Pennsylvania Avenue between the Capitol and the White House for the big inaugural parade on Jan. 20.
Assuming the weather is halfway decent that day, hundreds of thousands of persons will mass along this thoroughfare as President John F. Kennedy and retiring President Dwight D. Eisenhower leave Capitol Hill following the oath-taking ceremonies and ride down this historic ceremonial route.
Pennsylvania Avenue, named for one of the original 13 states, perhaps is not the most impressive street in the District of Columbia from a commercial standpoint.
But from a historic viewpoint none can approach it.
Many buildings within view of the avenue are some of the United States government's tremendous buildings, plus shrines and monuments.
Of course, 1600 Pennsylvania, the White House, is the most famous address of the free world.
Within an easy walk from Capitol Hill where Pennsylvania Avenue comes together with Constitution Avenue, begins a series of great federal buildings, some a block long and all about seven-stories high.
Great chapters of history have been recorded along the avenue, now about 169 years old.
In the early spring of 1913 a few hundred thousand persons turned out to watch 5000 women parade.
They were the suffragettes and they wanted to vote.
In the 1920 presidential election they had that right and many of them did vote for the first time.
Seats on square along this avenue which saw marching soldiers from the War Between the States returning in 1865 is the National Archives building where hundreds of thousands of this country's most valuable records are kept.
Also the department of justice building is located where J. Edgar Hoover presides over the federal bureau of investigation.
Street car tracks run down the center of Pennsylvania, powered with lines that are underground.
Many spectators will be occupying seats and vantage points bordering Lafayette Square, opposite the White House.
In this historic square are several statues, but the one that stands out over the others is that of Gen. Andrew Jackson, hero of the Battle of New Orleans.
Moving past the presidential viewing stand and Lafayette Square will be at least 40 marching units.
About 16,000 military members of all branches of the armed forces will take part in the parade.
Division one of the parade will be the service academies.
Division two will include the representations of Massachusetts and Texas, the respective states of the President and of Vice-*president L. B. Johnson.
Then will come nine other states in the order of their admission to the union.
Division three will be headed by the Marines followed by 12 states ; division four will be headed by the Navy, followed by 11 states ; division five, by the Air Force followed by 11 states.
Division six will be headed by the Coast Guard, followed by the reserve forces of all services, five states, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the trust territories and the Canal Zone.
Jackson, Miss. -- what does 1961 offer in political and governmental developments in Mississippi?
Even for those who have been observing the political scene a long time, no script from the past is worth very much in gazing into the state's immediate political future.
This is largely because of the unpredictability of the man who operates the helm of the state government and is the elected leader of its two million inhabitants -- Gov. Ross Barnett.
Barnett, who came into office with no previous experience in public administration, has surrounded himself with confusion which not only keeps his foes guessing but his friends as well.
Consequently, it is uncertain after nearly 12 months in office just which direction the Barnett administration will take in the coming year.
Could be scramble some predict the administration will settle down during 1961 and iron out the rough edges which it has had thus far.
The builtin headache of the Barnett regime thus far has been the steady stream of job-seekers and others who feel they were given commitments by Barnett at some stage of his eight-year quest for the governor's office.
There are many who predict that should Barnett decide to call the Legislature back into special session, it will really throw his administration into a scramble.
Certainly nobody will predict that the next time the lawmakers come back together Barnett will be able to enjoy a re-enactment of the strange but successful honeymoon he had in the 1960 legislative session.
If Barnett doesn't call a special session in 1961, it will be the first year in the last decade that the Legislature has not met in regular or special session.
The odds favor a special session, more than likely early in the year.
Districts issue legislators always get restless for a special session ( whether for the companionship or the $22.50 per diem is not certain ) and if they start agitating.
Barnett is not expected to be able to withstand the pressure.
The issue which may make it necessary to have a session is the highly sensitive problem of cutting the state's congressional districts from six to five to eliminate one congressional seat.
With eyes focused on the third congressional district, the historic Delta district, and Congressman Frank E. Smith as the one most likely to go, the redistricting battle will put to a test the longstanding power which lawmakers from the Delta have held in the Legislature.
Mississippi's relations with the national Democratic party will be at a crossroads during 1961, with the first Democratic president in eight years in the White House.
Split badly during the recent presidential election into almost equally divided camps of party loyalists and independents, the Democratic party in Mississippi is currently a wreck.
And there has been no effort since the election to pull it back together.
Future clouded Barnett, as the titular head of the Democratic party, apparently must make the move to reestablish relations with the national Democratic party or see a movement come from the loyalist ranks to completely bypass him as a party functionary.
With a Democratic administration, party patronage would normally begin to flow to Mississippi if it had held its Democratic solidarity in the November election.
Now, the picture is clouded, and even *j Sens. James O. Eastland and John C. Stennis, who remained loyal to the ticket, are uncertain of their status.
Reports are that it is more than probable that the four congressmen from Mississippi who did not support the party ticket will be stripped of the usual patronage which flows to congressmen.
Baton Rouge, La. -- the Gov. Jimmie H. Davis administration appears to face a difficult year in 1961, with the governor's theme of peace and harmony subjected to severe stresses.
The year will probably start out with segregation still the most troublesome issue.
But it might give way shortly to another vexing issue -- that of finances in state government.
The transition from segregation to finances might already be in progress, in the form of an administration proposal to hike the state sales tax from 2 per cent to 3 per cent.
The administration has said the sales tax proposal is merely part of the segregation strategy, since the revenues from the increase would be dedicated to a grant in aid program.
But the tardiness of the administration in making the dedication has caused legislators to suspect the tax bill was related more directly to an over-all shortage of cash than to segregation.
Legislators weary indeed, the administration's curious position on the sales tax was a major factor in contributing to its defeat.
The administration could not say why $28 million was needed for a grant-in-aid program.
The effectiveness of the governor in clearing up some of the inconsistencies revolving about the sales tax bill may play a part in determining whether it can muster the required two-thirds vote.
The tax bill will be up for reconsideration Wednesday in the House when the Legislature reconvenes.
Davis may use the tax bill as a means to effect a transition from special sessions of the Legislature to normalcy.
If it fails to pass, he can throw up his hands and say the Legislature would not support him in his efforts to prevent integration.
He could terminate special sessions of the Legislature.
Actually, Davis would have to toss in the towel soon anyway.
Many legislators are already weary and frustrated over the so-far losing battle to block token integration.
This is not the sort of thing most politicos would care to acknowledge publicly.
They would like to convey the notion something is being done, even though it is something they know to be ineffectual.
Underlying concern passage of the sales tax measure would also give Davis the means to effect a transition.
He could tell the Legislature they had provided the needed funds to carry on the battle.
Then he could tell them to go home, while the administration continued to wage the battle with the $28 million in extra revenues the sales tax measure would bring in over an eight months period.
It is difficult to be certain how the administration views that $28 million, since the views of one leader may not be the same as the views of another one.
But if the administration should find it does not need the $28 million for a grant-in-aid program, a not unlikely conclusion, it could very well seek a way to use the money for other purposes.
This would be in perfect consonance with the underlying concern in the administration -- the shortage of cash.
It could become an acute problem in the coming fiscal year.
If the administration does not succeed in passing the sales tax bill, or any other tax bill, it could very well be faced this spring at the fiscal session of the Legislature with an interesting dilemma.
Since the constitution forbids introduction of a tax bill at a fiscal session, the administration will either have to cut down expenses or inflate its estimates of anticipated revenues.
Constant problem in either case, it could call a special session of the Legislature later in 1961 to make another stab at raising additional revenues through a tax raiser.
The prospect of cutting back spending is an unpleasant one for any governor.
It is one that most try to avoid, as long as they can see an alternative approach to the problem.
But if all alternatives should be clearly blocked off, it can be expected the Davis administration will take steps to trim spending at the spring session of the state Legislature.
This might be done to arouse those who have been squeezed out by the trims to exert pressure on the Legislature, so it would be more receptive to a tax proposal later in the year.
A constant problem confronting Davis on any proposals for new taxes will be the charge by his foes that he has not tried to economize.
Any tax bill also will revive allegations that some of his followers have been using their administration affiliations imprudently to profit themselves.
The new year might see some house-cleaning, either genuine or token, depending upon developments, to give Davis an opportunity to combat some of these criticisms.
City Controller Alexander Hemphill charged Tuesday that the bids on the Frankford Elevated repair project were rigged to the advantage of a private contracting company which had an inside track with the city.
Estimates of the city's loss in the $344,000 job have ranged as high as $200,000.
Shortcuts unnoticed Hemphill said that the Hughes Steel Erection Co. contracted to do the work at an impossibly low cost with a bid that was far less than the legitimate bids of competing contractors.
The Hughes concern then took shortcuts on the project but got paid anyway, Hemphill said.
The Controller's charge of rigging was the latest development in an investigation which also brought these disclosures Tuesday : the city has sued for the full amount of the $172,400 performance bond covering the contract.
The Philadelphia Transportation Co. is investigating the part its organization played in reviewing the project.
The signature of Harold V. Varani, former director of architecture and engineering in the Department of Public Property, appeared on payment vouchers certifying work on the project.
Varani has been fired on charges of accepting gifts from the contractor.
Managing Director Donald C. Wagner has agreed to cooperate fully with Hemphill after a period of sharp disagreement on the matter.
The announcement that the city would sue for recovery on the performance bond was made by City Solicitor David Berger at a press conference following a meeting in the morning with Wagner and other officials of the city and the *j as well as representatives of an engineering firm that was pulled off the El project before its completion in 1959.
Concern bankrupt the Hughes company and the Consolidated Industries, Inc., both of 3646 N. 2d St., filed for reorganization under the Federal bankruptcy law.
On Monday, the Hughes concern was formally declared bankrupt after its directors indicated they could not draw up a plan for reorganization.
Business relations between the companies and city have been under investigation by Hemphill and District Attorney James C. Crumlish, Jr..
Intervenes in case the suit was filed later in the day in Common Pleas Court 7 against the Hughes company and two bonding firms.
Travelers Indemnity Co. and the Continental Casualty Co..
At Berger's direction, the city also intervened in the Hughes bankruptcy case in U. S. District Court in a move preliminary to filing a claim there.
I am taking the position that the contract was clearly violated, Berger said.
The contract violations mostly involve failure to perform rehabilitation work on expansion joints along the El track.
The contract called for overhauling of 102 joints.
The city paid for work on 75, of which no more than 21 were repaired, Hemphill charged.
Wide range in bids Hemphill said the Hughes concern contracted to do the repairs at a cost of $500 for each joint.
The bid from A. Belanger and Sons of Cambridge, Mass., which listed the same officers as Hughes, was $600 per joint.
But, Hemphill added, bids from other contractors ranged from $2400 to $3100 per joint.
Berger's decision to sue for the full amount of the performance bond was questioned by Wagner in the morning press conference.
Wagner said the city paid only $37,500 to the Hughes company.
We won't know the full amount until we get a full report, Wagner said.
We can claim on the maximum amount of the bond, Berger said.
Wagner replied, can't you just see the headline : city hooked for $172,000?
Know enough to sue Berger insisted that we know enough to sue for the full amount.
Douglas M. Pratt, president of the *j, who attended the meeting, said the transit company is reviewing the work on the El.
We want to find out who knew about it, Pratt said.
Certain people must have known about it.
The *j is investigating the whole matter, Pratt said.
Samuel D. Goodis, representing the Philadelphia Hotel Association, objected on Tuesday to a proposed boost by the city in licensing fees, saying that occupancy rates in major hotels here ranged from 48 to 74 percent last year.
Goodis voiced his objection before City Council's Finance Committee.
For hotels with 1000 rooms, the increased license fee would mean an expense of $5000 a year, Goodis said.
Testifies at hearing his testimony came during a hearing on a bill raising fees for a wide variety of licenses, permits and city services.
The new fees are expected to raise an additional $740,000 in the remainder of 1961 and $2,330,000 more a year after that.
The ordinance would increase the fee for rooming houses, hotels and multi-family dwellings to $5 a room.
The cost of a license now is $2, with an annual renewal fee of $1.
Goodis said that single rooms account for 95 percent of the accomodations in some hotels.
Revenue estimated the city expects the higher rooming house, hotel and apartment house fees to bring in an additional $457,000 a year.
The increase also was opposed by Leonard Kaplan, spokesman for the Home Builders Association of Philadelphia, on behalf of association members who operate apartment houses.
A proposal to raise dog license fees drew an objection from Councilwoman Virginia Knauer, who formerly raised pedigreed dogs.
The ordinance would increase fees from $1 for males and $2 for females to a flat $5 a dog.
Commissioner replies Mrs. Knauer said she did not think dog owners should be penalized for the city's services to animal care.
In reply, Deputy Police Commissioner Howard R. Leary said that the city spends more than $115,000 annually to license and regulate dogs but collects only $43,000 in fees.
He reported that the city's contributions for animal care included $67,000 to the Women's S.*p.*c.*a. ; $15,000 to pay six policemen assigned as dog catchers and $15,000 to investigate dog bites.
Backs higher fees city Finance Director Richard J. Mc*connell indorsed the higher fees, which, he said, had been under study for more than a year.
The city is not adequately compensated for the services covered by the fees, he said.
The new fee schedule also was supported by Commissioner of Licenses and Inspections Barnet Lieberman and Health Commissioner Eugene A. Gillis.
Petitions asking for a jail term for Norristown attorney Julian W. Barnard will be presented to the Montgomery County Court Friday, it was disclosed Tuesday by Horace A. Davenport, counsel for the widow of the man killed last Nov. 1 by Barnard's hit-run car.
The petitions will be presented in open court to President Judge William F. Dannehower, Davenport said.
Barnard, who pleaded no defense to manslaughter and hit-run charges, was fined $500 by Judge Warren K. Hess, and placed on two years' probation providing he does not drive during that time.
He was caught driving the day after the sentence was pronounced and given a warning.
Victim of the accident was Robert Lee Stansbery, 39.
His widow started the circulation of petitions after Barnard was reprimanded for violating the probation.
The City Planning Commission on Tuesday approved agreements between two redevelopers and the Redevelopment Authority for the purchase of land in the $300,000,000 Eastwick Redevelopment Area project.
The commission also approved a novel plan that would eliminate traffic hazards for pedestrians in the project.
One of the agreements calls for the New Eastwick Corp. to purchase a 1311 acre tract for $12,192,865.
The tract is bounded by Island Ave., Dicks Ave., 61st St., and Eastwick Ave..
Four parks planned it is designated as Stage 1 Residential on the Redevelopment Authority's master plan and will feature row houses, garden apartments, four small parks, schools, churches, a shopping center and several small clusters of stores.
The corporation was formed by the Reynolds Metal Co. and the Samuel A. and Henry A. Berger firm, a Philadelphia builder, for work in the project.
The second agreement permits the authority to sell a 520-acre tract west of Stage 1 Residential to Philadelphia Builders Eastwick Corp., a firm composed of 10 Philadelphia area builders, which is interested in developing part of the project.
Would bar vehicles the plan for eliminating traffic hazards for pedestrians was developed by Dr. Constantinos A. Doxiadis, former Minister of Reconstruction in Greece and a consulting planner for the New Eastwick Corp..
The plan calls for dividing the project into 16 sectors which would be barred to vehicular traffic.
It provides for a series of landscaped walkways and a central esplanade that would eventually run through the center of the entire two-and-a-half-mile length of the project.
The esplanade eliminates Grovers Ave., which on original plans ran through the center of the development.
The esplanade would feature pedestrian bridges over roads in the project.
Kansas City, Mo., Feb. 9 ( U*p*i ) -- the president of the Kansas City local of the International Association of Fire Fighters was severly injured today when a bomb tore his car apart as he left home for work.
Battalion Chief Stanton M. Gladden, 42, the central figure in a representation dispute between the fire fighters association and the teamsters union, suffered multiple fractures of both ankles.
He was in Baptist Memorial hospital.
Ignition sets off blast the battalion chief said he had just gotten into his 1958 model automobile to move it from the driveway of his home so that he could take his other car to work.
I'd just turned on the ignition when there was a big flash and I was lying on the driveway, he said.
Gladden's wife and two of his sons, John, 17, and Jim, 13, were inside the house.
The younger boy said the blast knocked him out of bed and against the wall.
Hood flies over house the explosion sent the hood of the car flying over the roof of the house.
The left front wheel landed 100 feet away.
Police laboratory technicians said the explosive device, containing either *j or nitroglycerine, was apparently placed under the left front wheel.
It was first believed the bomb was rigged to the car's starter.
Gladden had been the target of threatening telephone calls in recent months and reportedly received one last night.
The fire department here has been torn for months by dissension involving top personnel and the fight between the fire fighters association and the teamsters union.
Led fight on teamsters Gladden has been an outspoken critic of the present city administration and led his union's battle against the teamsters, which began organizing city firemen in 1959.
The fire fighters association here offered a $5,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of the person or persons responsible for the bombing.
A $500 reward was offered by the association's local in Kansas City, Kas..
The association said it would post 24 hour guards at Gladden's home and at those of James Mining and Eugene Shiflett.
Mining is secretary-treasurer of the local and Shiflett is a member of its executive committee.
Both have been active in the association.
Ankara, Turkey, Oct. 24 ( A*p ) -- Turkish political leaders bowed today to military pressure and agreed to form an emergency national front government with Gen. Cemal Gursel as president.
An agreement between the leaders of four parties which contested indecisive elections on Oct. 15 was reached after almost 18 hours of political bargaining under the threat of an army coup d'etat.
By-passing the military junta which has ruled Turkey since the overthrow of Premier Adnan Menderes 17 months ago, the army general staff, led by Gen. Cedvet Sunay, had set a deadline for the parties to join in a national coalition government.
The army leaders threatened to form a new military government if the parties failed to sign an eight point protocol agreeing on Gen. Gursel as president.
Gen. Gursel has headed the military junta the last 17 months.
The military also had demanded pledges that there would be no changes in the laws passed by the junta and no leaders of the Menderes regime now in prison would be pardoned.
Party leaders came out of the final meeting apparently satisfied and stated that complete agreement had been reached on a solution to the crisis created by the elections which left no party with enough strength to form a government on its own.
Vincent G. Ierulli has been appointed temporary assistant district attorney, it was announced Monday by Charles E. Raymond, District Attorney.
Ierulli will replace Desmond D. Connall who has been called to active military service but is expected back on the job by March 31.
Ierulli, 29, has been practicing in Portland since November, 1959.
He is a graduate of Portland University and the Northwestern College of Law.
He is married and the father of three children.
Helping foreign countries to build a sound political structure is more important than aiding them economically, E. M. Martin, assistant secretary of state for economic affairs told members of the World Affairs Council Monday night.
Martin, who has been in office in Washington, D. C., for 13 months spoke at the council's annual meeting at the Multnomah Hotel.
He told some 350 persons that the United States' challenge was to help countries build their own societies their own ways, following their own paths.
We must persuade them to enjoy a way of life which, if not identical, is congenial with ours, he said but adding that if they do not develop the kind of society they themselves want it will lack ritiuality and loyalty.
Patience needed insuring that the countries have a freedom of choice, he said, was the biggest detriment to the Soviet Union.
He cited East Germany where after 15 years of Soviet rule it has become necessary to build a wall to keep the people in, and added, so long as people rebel, we must not give up.
Martin called for patience on the part of Americans.
The countries are trying to build in a decade the kind of society we took a century to build, he said.
By leaving our doors open the United States gives other peoples the opportunity to see us and to compare, he said.
Individual help best we have no reason to fear failure, but we must be extraordinarily patient, the assistant secretary said.
Economically, Martin said, the United States could best help foreign countries by helping them help themselves.
Private business is more effective than government aid, he explained, because individuals are able to work with the people themselves.
The United States must plan to absorb the exported goods of the country, at what he termed a social cost.
Martin said the government has been working to establish firmer prices on primary products which may involve the total income of one country.
The Portland school board was asked Monday to take a positive stand towards developing and coordinating with Portland's civil defense more plans for the city's schools in event of attack.
But there seemed to be some difference of opinion as to how far the board should go, and whose advice it should follow.
The board members, after hearing the coordination plea from Mrs. Ralph H. Molvar, 1409 *j Maplecrest Dr., said they thought they had already been cooperating.
Chairman C. Richard Mears pointed out that perhaps this was not strictly a school board problem, in case of atomic attack, but that the board would cooperate so far as possible to get the children to where the parents wanted them to go.
Dr. Melvin W. Barnes, superintendent, said he thought the schools were waiting for some leadership, perhaps on the national level, to make sure that whatever steps of planning they took would be more fruitful, and that he had found that other school districts were not as far along in their planning as this district.
Los Angeles has said they would send the children to their homes in case of disaster, he said.
Nobody really expects to evacuate.
I think everybody is agreed that we need to hear some voice on the national level that would make some sense and in which we would have some confidence in following.
Mrs. Molvar, who kept reiterating her request that they please take a stand, said, we must have faith in somebody -- on the local level, and it wouldn't be possible for everyone to rush to a school to get their children.
Dr. Barnes said that there seemed to be feeling that evacuation plans, even for a high school where there were lots of cars might not be realistic and would not work.
Mrs. Molvar asked again that the board join in taking a stand in keeping with Jack Lowe's program.
The board said it thought it had gone as far as instructed so far and asked for more information to be brought at the next meeting.
It was generally agreed that the subject was important and the board should be informed on what was done, is going to be done and what it thought should be done.
Salem ( A*p ) -- the statewide meeting of war mothers Tuesday in Salem will hear a greeting from Gov. Mark Hatfield.
Hatfield also is scheduled to hold a public United Nations Day reception in the state capitol on Tuesday.
His schedule calls for a noon speech Monday in Eugene at the Emerald Empire Kiwanis Club.
He will speak to Willamette University Young Republicans Thursday night in Salem.
On Friday he will go to Portland for the swearing in of Dean Bryson as Multnomah County Circuit Judge.
He will attend a meeting of the Republican State Central Committee Saturday in Portland and see the Washington-*oregon football game.
Beaverton School District No. 48 board members examined blueprints and specifications for two proposed junior high schools at a Monday night workshop session.
A bond issue which would have provided some $3.5 million for construction of the two 900-student schools was defeated by district voters in January.
Last week the board, by a 4 to 3 vote, decided to ask voters whether they prefer the 6-3-3 ( junior high school ) system or the 8-4 system.
Board members indicated Monday night this would be done by an advisory poll to be taken on Nov. 15, the same date as a $581,000 bond election for the construction of three new elementary schools.
Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg will speak Sunday night at the Masonic Temple at a $25-a-plate dinner honoring Sen. Wayne L. Morse, *j.
The dinner is sponsored by organized labor and is scheduled for 7 p.m..
Secretary Goldberg and Sen. Morse will hold a joint press conference at the Roosevelt Hotel at 4:30 p.m. Sunday, Blaine Whipple, executive secretary of the Democratic Party of Oregon, reported Tuesday.
Other speakers for the fund-raising dinner include Reps. Edith Green and Al Ullman, Labor Commissioner Norman Nilsen and Mayor Terry Schrunk, all Democrats.
Oak Grove ( special ) -- three positions on the Oak Lodge Water district board of directors have attracted 11 candidates.
The election will be Dec. 4 from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m..
Polls will be in the water office.
Incumbent Richard Salter seeks re-election and is opposed by Donald Huffman for the five-year term.
Incumbent William Brod is opposed in his re-election bid by Barbara Njust, Miles C. Bubenik and Frank Lee.
Five candidates seek the place vacated by Secretary Hugh G. Stout.
Seeking this two-year term are James Culbertson, Dwight M. Steeves, James C. Piersee, W.*m. Sexton and Theodore W. Heitschmidt.
A stronger stand on their beliefs and a firmer grasp on their future were taken Friday by delegates to the 29th general council of the Assemblies of God, in session at the Memorial Coliseum.
The council revised, in an effort to strengthen, the denomination's 16 basic beliefs adopted in 1966.
The changes, unanimously adopted, were felt necessary in the face of modern trends away from the Bible.
The council agreed it should more firmly state its belief in and dependence on the Bible.
At the adoption, the Rev. T. F. Zimmerman, general superintendent, commented, The Assemblies of God has been a bulwark for fundamentalism in these modern days and has, without compromise, stood for the great truths of the Bible for which men in the past have been willing to give their lives.
New point added many changes involved minor editing and clarification ; however, the first belief stood for entire revision with a new third point added to the list.
The first of 16 beliefs of the denomination, now reads : the scriptures, both Old and New Testament, are verbally inspired of God and are the revelation of God to man, the infallible, authoritative rule of faith and conduct.
The third belief, in six points, emphasizes the Diety of the Lord Jesus Christ, and : -- emphasizes the Virgin birth -- the sinless life of Christ -- his miracles -- his substitutionary work on the cross -- his bodily resurrection from the dead -- and His exaltation to the right hand of God.
Super again elected Friday afternoon the Rev. T. F. Zimmerman was reelected for his second consecutive two-year term as general superintendent of Assemblies of God.
His offices are in Springfield, Mo..
Election came on the nominating ballot.
Friday night the delegates heard the need for their forthcoming program, Breakthrough scheduled to fill the churches for the next two years.
In his opening address Wednesday the Rev. Mr. Zimmerman, urged the delegates to consider a 10-year expansion program, with Breakthrough the theme for the first two years.
The Rev. R. L. Brandt, national secretary of the home missions department, stressed the need for the first two years' work.
Surveys show that one out of three Americans has vital contact with the church.
This means that more than 100 million have no vital touch with the church or religious life, he told delegates Friday.
Church loses pace talking of the rapid population growth ( upwards of 12,000 babies born daily ) with an immigrant entering the United States every 1-1/2 minutes, he said our organization has not been keeping pace with this challenge.
In 35 years we have opened 7,000 churches, the Rev. Mr. Brandt said, adding that the denomination had a national goal of one church for every 10,000 persons.
In this light we need 1,000 churches in Illinois, where we have 200 ; 800 in Southern New England, we have 60 ; we need 100 in Rhode Island, we have none, he said.
To step up the denomination's program, the Rev. Mr. Brandt suggested the vision of 8,000 new Assemblies of God churches in the next 10 years.
To accomplish this would necessitate some changes in methods, he said.
Church meets change the church's ability to change her methods is going to determine her ability to meet the challenge of this hour.
A capsule view of proposed plans includes : -- encouraging by every means, all existing Assemblies of God churches to start new churches.
-- engaging mature, experienced men to pioneer or open new churches in strategic population centers.
-- surrounding pioneer pastors with vocational volunteers ( laymen, who will be urged to move into the area of new churches in the interest of lending their support to the new project ).
-- arranging for ministerial graduates to spend from 6-12 months as apprentices in well-established churches.
U.*s. Dist. Judge Charles L. Powell denied all motions made by defense attorneys Monday in Portland's insurance fraud trial.
Denials were of motions of dismissal, continuance, mistrial, separate trial, acquittal, striking of testimony and directed verdict.
In denying motions for dismissal, Judge Powell stated that mass trials have been upheld as proper in other courts and that a person may join a conspiracy without knowing who all of the conspirators are.
Attorney Dwight L. Schwab, in behalf of defendant Philip Weinstein, argued there is no evidence linking Weinstein to the conspiracy, but Judge Powell declared this is a matter for the jury to decide.
Proof lack charged Schwab also declared there is no proof of Weinstein's entering a conspiracy to use the U.*s. mails to defraud, to which federal prosecutor A. Lawrence Burbank replied : it is not necessary that a defendant actually have conpired to use the U.*s. mails to defraud as long as there is evidence of a conspiracy, and the mails were then used to carry it out.
In the afternoon, defense attorneys began the presentation of their cases with opening statements, some of which had been deferred until after the government had called witnesses and presented its case.
Miami, Fla., March 17 -- the Orioles tonight retained the distinction of being the only winless team among the eighteen Major-*league clubs as they dropped their sixth straight spring exhibition decision, this one to the Kansas City Athletics by a score of 5 to 3.
Indications as late as the top of the sixth were that the Birds were to end their victory draught as they coasted along with a 3-to-o advantage.
Siebern hits homer over the first five frames, Jack Fisher, the big righthander who figures to be in the middle of Oriole plans for a drive on the 1961 American League pennant, held the *j scoreless while yielding three scattered hits.
Then Dick Hyde, submarine-ball hurler, entered the contest and only five batters needed to face him before there existed a 3-to-3 deadlock.
A two-run homer by Norm Siebern and a solo blast by Bill Tuttle tied the game, and single runs in the eighth and ninth gave the Athletics their fifth victory in eight starts.
House throws wild with one down in the eighth, Marv Throneberry drew a walk and stole second as Hyde fanned Tuttle.
Catcher Frank House's throw in an effort to nab Throneberry was wide and in the dirt.
Then Heywood Sullivan, Kansas City catcher, singled up the middle and Throneberry was across with what proved to be the winning run.
Rookie southpaw George Stepanovich relieved Hyde at the start of the ninth and gave up the *j fifth tally on a walk to second baseman Dick Howser, a wild pitch, and Frank Cipriani's single under Shortstop Jerry Adair's glove into center.
The Orioles once again performed at the plate in powderpuff fashion, gathering only seven blows off the offerings of three Kansas City pitchers.
Three were doubles, Brooks Robinson getting a pair and Marv Breeding one.
Hartman impressive Bill Kunkel, Bob Hartman and Ed Keegan did the mound chores for the club down from West Palm Beach to play the game before 767 paying customers in Miami Stadium.
The Birds got five hits and all three of their runs off Kunkel before Hartman took over in the top of the fourth.
Hartman, purchased by the *j from the Milwaukee Braves last fall, allowed no hits in his scoreless three-inning appearance, and merited the triumph.
Keegan, a 6-foot-3-inch 158-pounder, gave up the Orioles' last two safeties over the final three frames, escaping a load of trouble in the ninth when the Birds threatened but failed to tally.
Robinson doubles again in the ninth, Robinson led off with his second double of the night, a blast off the fence 375 feet deep into left.
Whitey Herzog, performing in right as the Orioles fielded possibly their strongest team of the spring, worked Keegan for a base on balls.
Then three consecutive pinch-hitters failed to produce.
Pete Ward was sent in for House and, after failing in a bunt attempt, popped to Howser on the grass back of short.
John Powell, batting for Adair, fanned after fouling off two 2-and-2 pitches, and Buddy Barker, up for Stepanovich, bounced out sharply to Jerry Lumpe at second to end the 2-hour-and-27-minute contest.
The Orioles got a run in the first inning when Breeding, along with Robinson, the two Birds who got a pair of hits, doubled to right center, moved to third on Russ Snyder's single to right and crossed on Kunkel's wild pitch into the dirt in front of the plate.
The Flock added a pair of tallies in the third on three straight hits after two were out.
Jackie Brandt singled deep into the hole at short to start the rally.
Lumpe errs Jim Gentile bounced a hard shot off Kunkel's glove and beat it out for a single, and when Lumpe grabbed the ball and threw it over first baseman Throneberry's head Brandt took third and Gentile second on the error.
Then Robinson slammed a long double to left center to score both runners.
When Robinson tried to stretch his blow into a triple, he was cut down in a close play at third, Tuttle to Andy Carey.
The detailed rundown on the Kansas City scoring in the sixth went like this : Lumpe worked a walk as the first batter to face Hyde and romped around as Siebern blasted Hyde's next toss 415 feet over the scoreboard in right center.
Carey singles Carey singled on a slow-bouncing ball to short which Robinson cut across to field and threw wide to first.
It was ruled a difficult chance and a hit.
Then Throneberry rapped into a fast double play.
Breeding to Adair to Gentile, setting up Tuttle's 390-foot homer over the wall in left center.
If the Orioles are to break their losing streak within the next two days, it will have to be at the expense of the American League champion New York Yankees, who come in here tomorrow for a night game and a single test Sunday afternoon.
Miami, Fla., March 17 -- the flavor of Baltimore's Florida Grapefruit League news ripened considerably late today when the Orioles were advised that Ron Hansen has fulfilled his obligations under the Army's military training program and is ready for belated spring training.
Hansen, who slugged the 1960 Oriole high of 22 homers and drove in 86 runs on a.255
Freshman average, completes the Birds' spring squad at 49 players.
The big, 22-year-old shortstop, the 1960 American league rookie-of-the-year, flew here late this afternoon from Baltimore, signed his contract for an estimated $15,000 and was a spectator at tonight's 5-to-3 loss to Kansas City -- the winless Birds' sixth setback in a row.
15 pounds lighter the 6-foot 3-inch Hansen checked in close to 200 pounds, 15 pounds lighter than his reporting weight last spring.
He hopes to melt off an additional eight pounds before the Flock breaks camp three weeks hence.
When he was inducted into the Army at Fort Knox, Ky., Hansen's weight had dropped to 180 -- too light for me to be at my best he said.
I feel good physically, Hansen added, but I think I'll move better carrying a little less weight than I'm carrying now.
Seeks improved fielding the rangy, Albany ( Cal. ) native, a surprise slugging sensation for the Flock last year as well as a defensive whiz, set improved fielding as his 1961 goal.
I think I can do a better job with the glove, now that I know the hitters around the league a little better, he said.
Hansen will engage in his first workout at Miami Stadium prior to the opening tomorrow night of a two-game weekend series with the New York Yankees.
Skinny Brown and Hoyt Wilhelm, the Flock's veteran knuckleball specialists, are slated to oppose the American League champions in tomorrow's 8 P.*m. contest.
Duren, Sheldon on hill Ryne Duren and Roland Sheldon, a rookie righthander who posted a 15-1 record last year for the Yanks' Auburn ( N.*y. ) farm club of the Class-*d New York-*pennsylvania League, are the probable rival pitchers.
Twenty-one-year-old Milt Pappas and Jerry Walker, 22, are scheduled to share the Oriole mound chores against the Bombers' Art Ditmar in Sunday's 2 P.*m. encounter.
Ralph Houk, successor to Casey Stengel at the Yankee helm, plans to bring the entire New York squad here from St. Petersburg, including Joe Dimaggio and large crowds are anticipated for both weekend games.
The famed Yankee Clipper, now retired, has been assisting as a batting coach.
Squad cut near pitcher Steve Barber joined the club one week ago after completing his hitch under the Army's accelerated wintertime military course, also at Fort Knox, Ky..
The 22-year-old southpaw enlisted earlier last fall than did Hansen.
Baltimore's bulky spring-training contingent now gradually will be reduced as Manager Paul Richards and his coaches seek to trim it down to a more streamlined and workable unit.
Take a ride on this one, Brooks Robinson greeted Hansen as the Bird third sacker grabbed a bat, headed for the plate and bounced a third-inning two-run double off the left-centerfield wall tonight.
It was the first of two doubles by Robinson, who was in a mood to celebrate.
Just before game time, Robinson's pretty wife, Connie informed him that an addition to the family can be expected late next summer.
Unfortunately, Brooks's teammates were not in such festive mood as the Orioles expired before the seven-hit pitching of three Kansas City rookie hurlers.
Hansen arrived just before nightfall, two hours late, in company with Lee Mac*phail ; J. A. W. Iglehart, chairman of the Oriole board of directors, and Public Relations Director Jack Dunn.
Their flight was delayed, Dunn said, when a boarding ramp inflicted some minor damage to the wing of the plane.
Ex-*oriole Clint Courtney, now catching for the *j is all for the American League's 1961 expansion to the West Coast.
But they shouldda brought in Tokyo, too, added Old Scrapiron.
Then we'd really have someplace to go.
Bowie, Md., March 17 -- gaining her second straight victory, Norman B., Small, Jr.'s Garden Fresh, a 3-year-old filly, downed promising colts in the $4,500 St. Patrick's Day Purse, featured seventh race here today, and paid $7.20 straight.
Toying with her field in the early stages, Garden Fresh was asked for top speed only in the stretch by Jockey Philip Grimm and won by a length and a half in 1.24 3-5 for the 7 furlongs.
8,280 attend races Richard M. Forbes's Paget, which had what seemed to be a substantial lead in the early stages, tired rapidly nearing the wire and was able to save place money only a head in front of Glen T. Hallowell's Milties Miss.
A bright sun and brisk wind had the track in a fast condition for the first time this week and 8,280 St. Patty Day celebrants bet $842,617 on the well-prepared program.
Prior to the featured race, the stewards announced that apprentice James P. Verrone is suspended ten days for crowding horses and crossing the field sharply in two races on Wednesday.
Culmone gets first win Garden Fresh, the result of a mating of Better Self and Rosy Fingered, seems to improve with each start and appeared to win the St. Patrick's Day Purse with some speed in reserve.
She was moving up to the allowance department after winning a $10,000 claiming event.
Cleveland, March 17 ( A*p ) -- George Kerr, the swift-striding Jamaican, set a meet record in the 600-yard run in the Knights of Columbus track meet tonight, beating Purdue's Dave Mills in a hot duel in 1.10.1.
Kerr, who set the world record earlier this month in New York with a clocking of 1.09.3, wiped out Mills's early pace and beat the young Big 10 quarter-mile king by 5 yards.
Both were under the meet mark of 1.10.8 set in 1950 by Mal Whitfield.
Mills shot out in front and kept the lead through two thirds of the race.
Then Kerr, a graduate student from Illinois, moved past him on a straightaway and held off Mills's challenge on the final turn.
Mills was timed in 1.10.4.
The crowd at the twenty-first annual K. of C. Games, final indoor meet of the season, got a thrill a few minutes earlier when a slender, bespectacled woman broke the one-week-old world record in the half-mile run.
Mrs. Grace Butcher, of nearby Chardon, a 27-year-old housewife who has two children, finished in 2.21.6.
She snapped five tenths of a second off the mark set by Helen Shipley, of Wellsley College, in the National A.*a.*u. meet in Columbus, Ohio.
San Francisco, March 17 ( A*p ) -- Bobby Waters of Sylvania, Ga., relief quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League, will undergo a knee operation tomorrow at Franklin Hospital here.
Waters injured his left knee in the last game of the 1960 season.
While working out in Sylvania a swelling developed in the knee and he came here to consult the team physician.
St. Petersburg, Fla., March 17 ( A*p ) -- two errors by New York Yankee shortstop Tony Kubek in the eleventh inning donated four unearned runs and a 5-to-2 victory to the Chicago White Sox today.
Austin, Texas -- a Texas halfback who doesn't even know the team's plays, Eldon Moritz, ranks fourth in Southwest Conference scoring after three games.
Time stands still every time Moritz, a 26-year-old Army Signal Corps veteran, goes into the field.
Although he never gets to play while the clock is running, he gets a big kick -- several every Saturday, in fact -- out of football.
Moritz doesn't even have a nose guard or hip pads but he's one of the most valuable members of the Longhorn team that will be heavily favored Saturday over Oklahoma in the Cotton Bowl.
That's because he already has kicked 14 extra points in 15 tries.
He ran his string of successful conversions this season to 13 straight before one went astray last Saturday night in the 41-8 slaughter of Washington State.
Moritz is listed on the Longhorn roster as a right halfback, the position at which he lettered on the 1956 team.
But ask coach Darrell Royal what position he plays and you'll get the quick response, place-kicker.
A 208-pound, 6-foot 1-inch senior from Stamford, Moritz practices nothing but place-kicking.
Last year, when he worked out at halfback all season, he didn't get into a single game.
This year, coach Royal told me if I'd work on my place-kicking he thought he could use me, said Moritz.
So I started practicing on it in spring training.
Moritz was bothered during the first two games this year by a pulled muscle in the thigh of his right ( kicking ) leg and, as a result, several of his successful conversions have gone barely far enough.
Moritz said Monday his leg feels fine and, as a result, he hopes to start practicing field goals this week.
He kicked several while playing at Stamford High School, including one that beat Anson, 3-0, in a 1953 district game.
I kicked about 110 extra points in 135 tries during three years in high school, he said, and made 26 in a row at one time.
I never did miss one in a playoff game -- I kicked about 20 in the five playoff games my last two years.
Moritz came to Texas in 1954 but his freshman football efforts were hampered by a knee injury.
He missed the 1955 season because of an operation on the ailing knee, then played 77 minutes in 1956.
His statistical record that year, when Texas won only one game and lost nine, was far from impressive : he carried the ball three times for a net gain of 10 yards, punted once for 39 yards and caught one pass for 13 yards.
He went into the Army in March, 1957, and returned two years later.
But he was scholastically ineligible in 1959 and merely present last season.
Place kicking is largely a matter of timing, Moritz declared.
Once you get the feel of it, there's not much to it.
I've tried to teach some of the other boys to kick and some of them can't seem to get the feel.
Practice helps you to get your timing down.
It's kind of like golf -- if you don't swing a club very often, your timing gets off.
Moritz, however, kicks only about 10 or 12 extra points during each practice session.
If you kick too much, your leg gets kinda dead, he explained.
Footnotes : in their first three games, the Longhorns have had the ball 41 times and scored 16 times, or 40 per cent ; their total passing yardage in three games, 447 on 30 completions in 56 attempts, is only 22 yards short of their total passing yardage in 1959, when they made 469 on 37 completions in 86 tries.
Tailback James Saxton already has surpassed his rushing total for his brilliant sophomore season, when he netted 271 yards on 55 carries ; he now has 273 yards in 22 tries during three games.
Saxton has made only one second-half appearance this season and that was in the Washington State game, for four plays : he returned the kickoff 30 yards, gained five yards through the line and then uncorked a 56-yard touchdown run before retiring to the bench.
Wingback Jack Collins injured a knee in the Washington State game but insists he'll be ready for Oklahoma.
Last week, when Royal was informed that three Longhorns were among the conference's top four in rushing, he said : that won't last long.
It didn't ; Monday, he had four Longhorns in the top four.
A good feeling prevailed on the *j coaching staff Monday, but attention quickly turned from Saturday's victory to next week's problem : Rice University.
The Mustangs don't play this week.
We're just real happy for the players, Coach Bill Meek said of the 9-7 victory over the Air Force Academy.
I think the big thing about the game was that our kids for the third straight week stayed in there pitching and kept the pressure on.
It was the first time we've been ahead this season ( when John Richey kicked what proved to be the winning field goal ).
Assistant coach John Cudmore described victory as a good feeling, I think, on the part of the coaches and the players.
We needed it and we got it.
Meek expressed particular gratification at the defensive performances of end Happy Nelson and halfback Billy Gannon.
Both turned in top jobs for the second straight game.
Nelson played magnificent football, Meek praised.
He knocked down the interference and made key stops lots of times.
And he caused the fumble that set up our touchdown.
He broke that boy ( Air Force fullback Nick Arshinkoff ) in two and knocked him loose from the football.
Gannon contributed saving plays on the Falcons' aerial thrusts in the late stages.
One was on a fourth-down screen pass from the Mustang 21 after an incomplete pass into Gannon's territory.
As soon as it started to form, Gannon spotted it, Meek said.
He timed it just right and broke through there before the boy ( halfback Terry Isaacson ) had time to turn around.
He really crucified him he nailed it for a yard loss.
The Air Force's, and the game's, final play, was a long pass by quarterback Bob Mc*naughton which Gannon intercepted on his own 44 and returned 22 yards.
He just lay back there and waited for it, Meek said.
He almost brought it back all the way.
Except for sophomore center Mike Kelsey and fullback Mike Rice, Meek expects the squad to be physically sound for Rice.
Kelsey is very doubtful for the Rice game, Meek said.
He'll be out of action all this week.
He got hit from the blind side by the split end coming back on the second play of the game.
There is definitely some ligament damage in his knee.
Rice has not played since injuring a knee in the opener with Maryland.
He's looking a lot better, and he's able to run, Meek explained.
We'll let him do a lot of running this week, but I don't know if he'll be able to play.
The game players saw the Air Force film Monday, ran for 30 minutes, then went in, while the reserves scrimmaged for 45 minutes.
We'll work hard Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, Meek said, and probably will have a good scrimmage Friday.
We'll work out about an hour on Saturday, then we'll work Monday and Tuesday of next week, then taper off.
*j S*m*u will play the Owls at Rice Stadium in Houston in a night game Saturday, Oct. 21.
Huddle hearsay -- held out of Texas Tech's sweat-suits drill Monday at Lubbock was tackle Richard Stafford, who is undergoing treatment for a leg injury suffered in the Raiders' 38-7 loss to Texas *j & *j because of its important game with Arkansas coming up Saturday, Baylor worked out in the rain Monday -- mud or no mud.
End Gene Raesz, who broke a hand in the Owl's game with *j, was back working out with Rice Monday, and John Nichols, sophomore guard, moved back into action after a week's idleness with an ankle injury.
The Texas Aggies got a day off Monday -- a special gift from Coach Jim Myers for its conference victory last Saturday night, but Myers announced that halfback George Hargett, shaken up in the Tech game, would not play against Trinity Saturday.
Halfback Bud Priddy, slowed for almost a month by a slowly-mending sprained ankle, joined *j T*c*u's workout Monday.
The Dallas Texans were back home Monday with their third victory in four American Football League starts -- a 19-12 triumph over the Denver Broncos -- but their visit will be a short one.
The Texans have two more road games -- at Buffalo and Houston -- before they play for the home folks again, and it looks as if coach Hank Stram's men will meet the Bills just as they are developing into the kind of team they were expected to be in pre-season reckonings.
Buffalo coach Buster Ramsey, who has become one of the game's greatest collectors of quarterbacks, apparently now has found a productive pair in two ex-*national Football Leaguers, M. C. Reynolds and Warren Rabb.
Rabb, the former Louisiana State field general, came off the bench for his debut with the Bills Sunday and directed his new team to a 22-12 upset victory over the Houston Oilers, defending league champions.
Just our luck ] exclaimed Stram.
Buster would solve that quarterback problem just as we head that way.
Ramsey has a thing or two to mutter about himself, for the Dallas defensive unit turned in another splendid effort against Denver, and the Texans were able to whip the dangerous Broncs without the fullbacking of a top star, Jack Spikes, though he did the team's place-kicking while nursing a knee injury.
Our interior line and out linebackers played exceptionally well, said Stram Monday after he and his staff reviewed movies of the game.
In fact our whole defensive unit did a good job.
The Texans won the game through ball control, with Quarterback Cotton Davidson throwing only 17 passes.
We always like to keep the ball as much as we can against Denver because they have such an explosive attack, explained Stram.
They can be going along, doing little damage, then bang, bang -- they can hit a couple of passes on you for touchdowns and put you in trouble.
The Broncs did hit two quick strikes in the final period against the Texans, but Dallas had enough of a lead to hold them off.
The principal tactic in controlling the ball was giving it to Abner Haynes, the flashy halfback.
He was called upon 26 times -- more than all of the other ball-carriers combined -- and delivered 145 yards.
The Texans made themselves a comforting break on the opening kickoff when Denver's Al Carmichael was jarred loose from the ball when Dave Grayson, the speedy halfback, hit him and Guard Al Reynolds claimed it for Dallas.
A quick touchdown resulted.
That permitted us to start controlling the ball right away, said Stram, quipping, I think I'll put that play in the book.
The early Southwest Conference football leaders -- Texas, Arkansas and Texas *j & *j -- made a big dent in the statistics last week.
Texas' 545-yard spree against Washington State gave the Longhorns a 3-game total offense of 1,512 yards ( 1,065 rushing and 447 passing ) a new *j high.
Arkansas combined 280 yards rushing with 64 yards passing ( on 5 completions in 7 tosses ) and a tough defense to whip *j, and *j & *j, with a 38-point bulge against Texas Tech ran up its biggest total loop play since 1950.
Completing 12 of 15 passes for 174 yards, the Aggies had a total offense of 361 yards.
Texas leads in per-game rushing averages, 355 yards, and passing 149 ( to Baylor's 126 ), but idle Baylor has the best defensive record ( 187.5 yards per game to Texas' 189 ).
*j & *j has the best defense against passes, 34.7 yards per game.
Not satisfied with various unofficial checks on the liveliness of baseballs currently in use, the major leagues have ordered their own tests, which are in progress at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Rookie Ron Nischwitz continued his pinpoint pitching Monday night as the Bears made it two straight over Indianapolis, 5-3.
The husky 6-3, 205-pound lefthander, was in command all the way before an on-the-scene audience of only 949 and countless of television viewers in the Denver area.
It was Nischwitz' third straight victory of the new season and ran the Grizzlies' winning streak to four straight.
They now lead Louisville by a full game on top of the American Association pack.
Nischwitz fanned six and walked only Charley Hinton in the third inning.
He has given only the one pass in his 27 innings, an unusual characteristic for a southpaw.
The Bears took the lead in the first inning, as they did in Sunday's opener, and never lagged.
Dick Mc*auliffe cracked the first of his two doubles against Lefty Don Rudolph to open the Bear's attack.
After Al Paschal gruonded out, Jay Cooke walked and Jim Mc*daniel singled home Mc*auliffe.
Alusik then moved Cooke across with a line drive to left.
Jay Porter drew a base on balls to fill the bases but Don Wert's smash was knocked down by Rudolph for the putout.
The Bears added two more in the fifth when Mc*auliffe dropped a double into the leftfield corner, Paschal doubled down the rightfield line and Cooke singled off Phil Shartzer's glove.
Nischwitz was working on a 3-hitter when the Indians bunched three of their eight hits for two runs in the sixth.
Chuck Hinton tripled to the rightfield corner, Cliff Cook and Dan Pavletich singled and Gaines' infield roller accounted for the tallies.
The Bears added their last run in the sixth on Alusik's double and outfield flies by Porter and Wert.
Gaines hammered the ball over the left fence for the third Indianapolis run in the ninth.
Despite the 45-degree weather the game was clicked off in 1:48, thanks to only three bases on balls and some good infield play.
Chico Ruiz made a spectacular play on Alusik's grounder in the hole in the fourth and Wert came up with some good stops and showed a strong arm at third base.
Bingles and bobbles : Cliff Cook accounted for three of the Tribe's eight hits.
It was the season's first night game and an obvious refocusing of the lights are in order.
The infield was well flooded but the expanded outfield was much too dark.
Mary Dobbs Tuttle was back at the organ.
Among the spectators was the noted exotic dancer, Patti Waggin who is Mrs. Don Rudolph when off the stage.
Lefty Wyman Carey, another Denver rookie, will be on the mound against veteran John Tsitouris at 8 o'clock Tuesday night.
Ed Donnelly is still bothered by a side injury and will miss his starting turn.
Dallas, Tex., May 1 -- ( A*p ) -- Kenny Lane of Muskegon, Mich., world's seventh ranked lightweight, had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over Rip Randall of Tyler, Tex., here Monday night.
St. Paul-*minneapolis, May 1 -- ( A*p ) -- Billy Gardner's line double, which just eluded the diving Minnie Minoso in left field, drove in Jim Lemon with the winning run with two out in the last of the ninth to give the Minnesota Twins a 6-5 victory over the Chicago White Sox Monday.
Lemon was on with his fourth single of the game, a liner to center.
He came all the way around on Gardner's hit before 5777 fans.
It was Gardner's second run batted in of the game and his only ones of the year.
Turk Lown was tagged with the loss, his second against no victories, while Ray Moore won his second game against a single loss.
The Twins tied the score in the sixth inning when Reno Bertoia beat out a high chopper to third base and scored on Lenny Green's double to left.
The White Sox had taken a 5-4 lead in the top of the sixth on a pair of pop fly hits -- a triple by Roy Sievers and single by Camilo Carreon -- a walk and a sacrifice fly.
Jim Landis' 380-foot home run over left in the first inning gave the Sox a 1-0 lead, but Harmon Killebrew came back in the bottom of the first with his second homer in two days with the walking Bob Allison aboard.
Al Smith's 340-blast over left in the fourth -- his fourth homer of the campaign -- tied the score and Carreon's first major league home run in the fifth put the Sox back in front.
A double by Green, Allison's run-scoring 2-baser, an infield single by Lemon and Gardner's solid single to center put the Twins back in front in the last of the fifth.
Ogden, Utah, May 1 -- ( A*p ) -- Boston Red Sox Outfielder Jackie Jensen said Monday night he was through playing baseball.
I've had it, he told a newsman.
I know when my reflexes are gone and I'm not going to be any 25th man on the ball club.
This was the first word from Jensen on his sudden walkout.
Jensen got only six hits in 46 at-bats for a.130
Batting average in the first 12 games.
He took a midnight train out of Cleveland Saturday, without an official word to anybody, and has stayed away from newsmen on his train trip across the nation to Reno, Nev., where his wife, former Olympic Diving Champion Zoe Ann Olsen, awaited.
She said, when she learned Jackie was heading home : I'm just speculating, but I have to think Jack feels he's hurting Boston's chances.
The Union Pacific Railroad streamliner, City of San Francisco, stopped in Ogden, Utah, for a few minutes.
Sports Writer Ensign Ritchie of the Ogden Standard Examiner went to his compartment to talk with him.
The conductor said to Ritchie : I don't think you want to talk to him.
You'll probably get a ball bat on the head.
He's mad at the world.
But Jackie had gone into the station.
Ritchie walked up to him at the magazine stand.
I told him who I was and he was quite cold.
But he warmed up after a while.
I told him what Liston had said and he said Liston was a double-crosser and said anything he ( Liston ) got was through a keyhole.
He said he had never talked to Liston.
Liston is Bill Liston, baseball writer for the Boston Traveler, who quoted Jensen as saying : I can't hit anymore.
I can't run.
I can't throw.
Suddenly my reflexes are gone.
Just when it seems baseball might be losing its grip on the masses up pops heroics to start millions of tongues to wagging.
And so it was over the weekend what with 40-year-old Warren Spahn pitching his no-hit masterpiece against the Giants and the Giants' Willie Mays retaliating with a record-tying 4-homer spree Sunday.
Both, of course, were remarkable feats and further embossed the fact that baseball rightfully is the national pastime.
Of the two cherished achievements the elderly Spahn's hitless pitching probably reached the most hearts.
It was a real stimulant to a lot of guys I know who have moved past the 2-score-year milestone.
And one of the Milwaukee rookies sighed and remarked, wish I was 40, and a top-grade big leaguer.
The modest and happy Spahn waved off his new laurels as one of those good days.
But there surely can be no doubt about the slender southpaw belonging with the all-time great lefthanders in the game's history.
Yes, with Bob Grove, Carl Hubbell, Herb Pennock, Art Nehf, Vernon Gomez, et al.
Spahn not only is a superior pitcher but a gentlemanly fine fellow, a ball player's ball player, as they say in the trade.
I remember his beardown performance in a meaningless exhibition game at Bears Stadium Oct. 14, 1951, before a new record crowd for the period of 18,792.
Spahnie doesn't know how to merely go through the motions, remarked Enos Slaughter, another all-out guy, who played rightfield that day and popped one over the clubhouse.
The spectacular Mays, who reaches a decade in the big leagues come May 25, joined six other sluggers who walloped four home runs in a span of nine innings.
Incidentally, only two did it before a home audience.
Bobby Lowe of Boston was the first to hit four at home and Gil Hodges turned the trick in Brooklyn's Ebbetts Field.
Ed Delahanty and Chuck Klein of the Phillies, the Braves' Joe Adcock, Lou Gehrig of the Yankees, Pat Seerey of the White Sox and Rocky Colavito, then with Cleveland, made their history on the road.
Willie's big day revived the running argument about the relative merits of Mays and Mickey Mantle.
This is an issue which boils down to a matter of opinion, depending on whether you're an American or National fan and anti or pro-*yankee.
The record books, however, would favor the Giants' ace.
In four of his nine previous seasons Mays hit as many as 25 home runs and stole as many as 25 bases.
Once the figure was 30-30.
Willie's lifetime batting average of.318
Is 11 points beyond Mickey's.
The Giants who had been anemic with the bat in their windy Candlestick Park suddenly found the formula in Milwaukee's park.
It will forever be a baseball mystery how a team will suddenly start hitting after a distressing slump.
The Denver-area *j audience was privileged to see Mays' four home runs, thanks to a new arrangement made by Bob Howsam that the games are not to be blacked out when his Bears are playing at home.
This rule providing for a blackout of televised baseball 30 minutes before the start of a major or minor league game in any area comes from the game's top rulers.
The last couple of years the Bears management got the business from the Living Room Athletic Club when games were cut off.
Actually they were helpless to do anything about the nationwide policy.
This year, I am told, the *j network will continue to abide by the rule but *j will play to a conclusion here.
There are two more Sunday afternoons when the situation will arise.
It is an irritable rule that does baseball more harm than good, especially at the minor league level.
You would be surprised how many fans purposely stayed away from Bears Stadium last year because of the television policy.
This dissatisfaction led to Howsam's request that the video not be terminated before the end of the game.
Cincinnati, Ohio ( A*p ) -- the powerful New York Yankees won their 19th world series in a 5-game romp over outclassed Cincinnati, crushing the Reds in a humiliating 13-5 barrage Monday in the loosely played finale.
With Mickey Mantle and Yogi Berra both out of action due to injuries, the American League champs still mounted a 15-hit attack against a parade of eight Cincinnati pitchers, the most ever used by one team in a series game.
Johnny Blanchard, Mantle's replacement, slammed a 2-run homer as the Yankees routed loser Joey Jay in a 5-run first inning.
Hector Lopez, subbing for Berra, smashed a 3-run homer off Bill Henry during another 5-run explosion in the fourth.
The Yanks also took advantage of three Cincinnati errors.
The crowd of 32,589 had only two chances to applaud.
In the third Frank Robinson hammered a long home run deep into the corner of the bleachers in right center, about 400 feet away, with two men on.
Momentarily the Reds were back in the ball game, trailing only 6-3, but the drive fizzled when John Edwards fouled out with men on second and third and two out.
In the fifth, Wally Post slashed a 2-run homer off Bud Daley, but by that time the score was 11-5 and it really didn't matter.
The Yankee triumph made Ralph Houk only the third man to lead a team to both a pennant and a World Series victory in his first year as a manager.
Only Bucky Harris, the boy-manager of Washington in 1924, and Eddie Dyer of the St. Louis Cardinals in 1946 had accomplished the feat.
Philadelphia, Jan. 23 -- Nick Skorich, the line coach for the football champion Philadelphia Eagles, was elevated today to head coach.
Skorich received a three-year contract at a salary believed to be between $20,000 and $25,000 a year.
He succeeds Buck Shaw, who retired at the end of last season.
The appointment was announced at a news conference at which Skorich said he would retain two members of Shaw's staff -- Jerry Williams and Charlie Gauer.
Williams is a defensive coach.
Gauer works with the ends.
Choice was expected the selection had been expected.
Skorich was considered the logical choice after the club gave Norm Van Brocklin permission to seek the head coaching job with the Minnesota Vikings, the newest National Football League entry.
Van Brocklin, the quarterback who led the Eagles to the title, was signed by the Vikings last Wednesday.
Philadelphia permitted him to seek a better connection after he had refused to reconsider his decision to end his career as a player.
With Skorich at the helm, the Eagles are expected to put more emphasis on running, rather than passing.
In the past the club depended largely on Van Brocklin's aerials.
Skorich, however, is a strong advocate of a balanced attack -- split between running and passing.
Coach played 3 years Skorich, who is 39 years old, played football at Cincinnati University and then had a three-year professional career as a lineman under Jock Sutherland with the Pittsburgh Steelers.
An injury forced Skorich to quit after the 1948 season.
He began his coaching career at Pittsburgh Central Catholic High School in 1949.
He remained there for four years before moving to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N. Y..
He was there one season before rejoining the Steelers as an assistant coach.
Four years later he resigned to take a similar job with the Green Bay Packers.
The Eagles signed him for Shaw's staff in 1959.
Skorich began his new job auspiciously today.
At a ceremony in the reception room of Mayor Richardson Dilworth, the Eagles were honored for winning the championship.
Shaw and Skorich headed a group of players, coaches and team officials who received an engrossed copy of an official city citation and a pair of silver cufflinks shaped like a football.
With the announcement of a special achievement award to William A. ( Bill ) Shea, the awards list was completed yesterday for Sunday night's thirty-eighth annual dinner and show of the New York Chapter, Baseball Writers' Association of America, at the Waldorf-*astoria Hotel.
Shea, the chairman of Mayor Wagner's Baseball Committee, will be joined on the dais by Warren Spahn, the southpaw pitching ace of the Milwaukee Braves ; Frank Graham, the Journal-*american sports columnist ; Bill Mazeroski, the World Series hero of the Pittsburgh Pirates, and Casey Stengel, the former manager of the Yankees.
Stengel will receive the Ben Epstein Good Guy Award.
Mazeroski, whose homer beat the Yankees in the final series game, will receive the Babe Ruth Award as the outstanding player in the 1960 world series.
Graham will be recognized for his meritorious service to baseball and will get the William J. Slocum Memorial Award.
To Spahn will go the Sid Mercer Memorial Award as the chapter's player of the year.
Show follows ceremonies a crowd of 1,400 is expected for the ceremonies, which will be followed by the show in which the writers will lampoon baseball personalities in skit, dance and song.
The 53-year-old Shea, a prominent corporation lawyer with a sports background, is generally recognized as the man most responsible for the imminent return of a National League club to New York.
Named by Mayor Wagner three years ago to head a committee that included James A. Farley, Bernard Gimbel and Clint Blume, Shea worked relentlessly.
His goal was to obtain a National League team for this city.
The departure of the Giants and the Dodgers to California left New York with only the Yankees.
Despite countless barriers and disappointments, Shea moved forward.
When he was unable to bring about immediate expansion, he sought to convince another National League club to move here.
When that failed, he enlisted Branch Rickey's aid in the formation of a third major league, the Continental, with New York as the key franchise.
The Continental League never got off the ground, but after two years it forced the existing majors to expand.
Flushing stadium in works the New York franchise is headed by Mrs. Charles Shipman Payson.
A big-league municipal stadium at Flushing Meadow Park is in the works, and once the lease is signed the local club will be formally recognized by Commissioner Ford C. Frick.
Shea's efforts figure prominently in the new stadium.
Shea and his wife, Nori, make their home at Sands Point, L. I..
Bill Jr., 20, Kathy, 15, and Patricia, 9, round out the Shea family.
Shea was born in Manhattan.
He attended New York University before switching to Georgetown University in Washington.
He played basketball there while working toward a law degree.
Later, Shea owned and operated the Long Island Indians, a minor league professional football team.
He was the lawyer for Ted Collins' old Boston Yankees in the National Football League.
All was quiet in the office of the Yankees and the local National Leaguers yesterday.
On Friday, Roger Maris, the Yankee outfielder and winner of the American League's most-valuable-player award, will meet with Roy Hamey, the general manager.
Maris is in line for a big raise.
Arnold Palmer and Sam Snead will be among those honored at the national awards dinner of the Metropolitan Golf Writers Association tonight.
The dinner will be held at the Hotel Pierre.
Palmer, golf's leading money-winner in 1960, and Snead will be saluted as the winning team in the Canada Cup matches last June in Dublin.
Deane Beman, the National Amateur champion, and all the metropolitan district champions, including Bob Gardner, the amateur title-holder, also will receive awards.
The writers' Gold Tee Award will go to John Mc*auliffe of Plainfield, N. J., and Palm Beach, Fla., for his sponsorship of charity tournaments.
Horton Smith of Detroit, a former president of the Professional Golfers Association, will receive the Ben Hogan Trophy for his comeback following a recent illness.
The principal speaker will be Senator Stuart Symington, Democrat of Missouri.
Golf's golden boy Arnold Palmer has been a blazing figure in golf over the past twelve months.
He won the Masters, the United States Open and a record $80,738 in prize money.
He was heralded as Sportsman of the Year by Sports Illustrated, and last night was acclaimed in Rochester as the Professional Athlete of the Year, a distinction that earned for him the $10,000 diamond-studded Hickok Belt.
But he also achieved something that endeared him to every duffer who ever flubbed a shot.
A couple of weeks ago, he scored a monstrous 12 on a par-5 hole.
It made him human.
And it also stayed the hands of thousands of brooding incompetents who were meditating the abandonment of a sport whose frustrations were driving them to despair.
If such a paragon of perfection as Palmer could commit such a scoring sacrilege, there was hope left for all.
It was neither a spirit of self-sacrifice nor a yen to encourage the downtrodden that motivated Arnold.
He merely became victimized by a form of athletics that respects no one and aggravates all.
The world's best golfer, shooting below par, came to the last hole of the opening round of the Los Angeles open with every intention of delivering a final crusher.
He boomed a 280-yard drive.
Then the pixies and the zombies took over while the banshees wailed in the distance.
No margin for error on the narrow fairway of a 508-yard hole, Arnold whipped into his second shot.
The ball went off in a majestic arc, an out-of-bounds slice.
He tried again and once more sliced out of bounds.
He hooked the next two out of bounds on the opposite side.
It is possible that I over-corrected, he said ruefully.
Each of the four wayward shots cost him two strokes.
So he wound up with a dozen.
It was a nice round figure, that 12, he said as he headed for the clubhouse, not too much perturbed.
From the standpoint of the army of duffers, however, this was easily the most heartening exhibition they had had since Ben Hogan fell upon evil ways during his heyday and scored an 11 in the Texas open.
The idol of the hackers, of course, is Ray Ainsley, who achieved a 19 in the United States Open.
Their secondary hero is another pro, Willie Chisholm, who drank his lunch during another Open and tried to blast his way out of a rock-strewn gully.
Willie's partner was Long Jim Barnes, who tried to keep count.
Stickler for rules how many is that, Jim?
Asked Willie at one stage of his excavation project.
Thirteen, said Long Jim.
Nae, man, said Willie, ye must be countin' the echoes.
He had a 16.
Palmer's dozen were honestly earned.
Nor were there any rules to save him.
If there had been, he would have found a loophole, because Arnold is one golfer who knows the code as thoroughly as the man who wrote the book.
This knowledge has come in handy, too.
His first shot in the Open last year landed in a brook that flowed along the right side of the fairway.
The ball floated downstream.
A spectator picked up the ball and handed it to a small boy, who dropped this suddenly hot potato in a very playable lie.
Arnold sent for Joe Dey, the executive secretary of the golf association.
Joe naturally ruled that a ball be dropped from alongside the spot where it had originally entered the stream.
I knew it all along, confessed Arnold with a grin, but I just happened to think how much nicer it would be to drop one way up there.
For a serious young man who plays golf with a serious intensity, Palmer has such an inherent sense of humor that it relieves the strain and keeps his nerves from jangling like banjo strings.
Yet he remains the fiercest of competitors.
He'll even bull head-on into the rules when he is sure he's right.
That's how he first won the Masters in 1958.
It happened on the twelfth hole, a 155-yarder.
Arnold's iron shot from the tee burrowed into the bunker guarding the green, an embankment that had become soft and spongy from the rains, thereby bringing local rules into force.
Ruling from on high I can remove the ball, can't I?
Asked Palmer of an official.
No, said the official.
You must play it where it lies.
You're wrong, said Arnold, a man who knows the rules.
I'll do as you say, but I'll also play a provisional ball and get a ruling.
He scored a 4 for the embedded ball, a 3 with the provisional one.
The golfing fathers ruled in his favor.
So he picked up a stroke with the provisional ball and won the tournament by the margin of that stroke.
Until a few weeks ago, however, Arnold Palmer was some god-like creature who had nothing in common with the duffers.
But after that 12 at Los Angeles he became one of the boys, a bigger hero than he ever had been before.
A formula to supply players for the new Minneapolis Vikings and the problem of increasing the 1961 schedule to fourteen games will be discussed by National Football League owners at a meeting at the Hotel Warwick today.
Other items on the agenda during the meetings, which are expected to continue through Saturday, concern television, rules changes, professional football's hall of fame, players' benefits and constitutional amendments.
The owners would like each club in the fourteen-team league to play a home-and-home series with teams in its division, plus two games against teams in the other division.
However, this would require a lengthening of the season from thirteen to fourteen weeks.
Pete Rozelle, the league commissioner, pointed out : we'll have the problem of baseball at one end and weather at the other.
Nine of the league's teams play in baseball parks and therefore face an early-season conflict in dates.
If the Cardinals heed Manager Gene Mauch of the Phillies, they won't be misled by the Pirates' slower start this season.
Pittsburgh definitely is the team to beat, Mauch said here the other day.
The Pirates showed they could outclass the field last year.
They have the same men, no age problem, no injuries and they also have Vinegar Bend Mizell for the full season, along with Bobby Shantz.
Tonight at 8 o'clock the Cardinals, who gave the Pirates as much trouble as anyone did in 1960, breaking even with them, will get their first 1961 shot at baseball's world champions.
The Pirates have a 9-6 record this year and the Redbirds are 7-9.
Change in pitchers.
Solly Hemus announced a switch in his starting pitcher, from Bob Gibson to Ernie Broglio, for several reasons : 1 Broglio's 4-0 won-lost record and 1.24 earned-run mark against Pittsburgh a year ago ; 2 the desire to give Broglio as many starts possible ; 3 the Redbirds' disheartening 11-7 collapse against the Phillies Sunday.
Manager Hemus, eager to end a pitching slump that has brought four losses in the five games on the current home stand, moved Gibson to the Wednesday night starting assignment.
After Thursday's open date, Solly plans to open with Larry Jackson against the Cubs here Friday night.
Harvey Haddix, set back by the flu this season, will start against his former Cardinal mates, who might be playing without captain Kenny Boyer in tonight's game at Busch Stadium.
Boyer is suffering from a stiff neck.
Haddix has a 13-8 record against the Redbirds, despite only a 1-3 mark in 1960.
Pirate Manager Danny Murtaugh said he hadn't decided between Mizell and Vern Law for Wednesday's game.
Mizell has won both of his starts.
Nieman kept in lineup.
After a lengthy workout yesterday, an open date, Hemus said that Bob Nieman definitely would stay in the lineup.
That means Stan Musial probably will ride the bench on the seventh anniversary of his record five-home run day against the Giants.
I have to stay with Nieman for a while, Hemus said.
Bill White ( sore ankles ) should be ready.
With a lefthander going for Pittsburgh, I may use Don Taussig in center.
Lindy Mc*daniel threw batting practice about 25 minutes, and he looked good, Hemus said.
He should be getting back in the groove before long.
Our pitching is much better than it has shown.
The statistics hardly indicated that the Pirates needed extra batting practice, but Murtaugh also turned his men loose at Busch Stadium yesterday.
Six Bucks over.300
.
Until the Bucs' bats quieted down a bit in Cincinnati over the weekend, the champions had eight men hitting over.300
.
Despite the recession, Pittsburgh came into town with this imposing list of averages : Smoky Burgess.455
, Gino Cimoli.389
, Bill Virdon.340
, Bob Clemente and Dick Groat, each.323
, Dick Stuart.306
, Don Hoak.280
And Bob Skinner.267
.
Bill Mazeroski with.179
And Hal Smith with.143
Were the only Pirates dragging their feet.
Perhaps the Pirate who will be the unhappiest over the news that Musial probably will sit out most of the series is Bob Friend, who was beaten by The Man twice last season on dramatic home runs.
Friend is off to a great start with a 4-0 record but isn't likely to see action here this week.
We're getting Friend some runs for a change, and he has been pitching good, Murtaugh said.
Virdon has been blasting the ball.
No plunkers for him.
Six Bucs over.300
.
The Pirates jumped off to an 11-3 start by May 1 last year, when the Redbirds as well as the Dodgers held them even over the season.
On last May 1, the Cardinals stood at 7-6, ending a two-season fall-off on that milestone.
In 1958, the Birds were 3-10 on May 1.
A year later they were 4-13.
Since 1949, the St. Louis club has been below.500
On May 1 just four times.
The '49 team was off to a so-so 5-5 beginning, then fell as low as 12-17 on May 23 before finishing with 96 victories.
The '52 Cards were 6-7 on May 1 but ended with 88 triumphs, the club's top since 1949.
Then last season the Birds tumbled as low as 11-18 on May 19 before recovering to make a race of it and total 86 victories.
Since 1949, the only National League club that got off to a hot start and made a runaway of the race was the '55 Dodger team.
Those Dodgers won their first 10 games and owned a 21-2 mark and a nine-game lead by May 8.
The club that overcame the worst start in a comparable period to win the pennant was New York's '51 Giants, who dropped 11 of their first 13.
They honored the battling Billikens last night.
Speakers at a Tipoff Club dinner dealt lavish praise to a group of St. Louis University players who, in the words of Coach John Benington, had more confidence in themselves than I did.
The most valuable player award was split three ways, among Glen Mankowski, Gordon Hartweger and Tom Kieffer.
In addition, a special award was given to Bob ( Bevo ) Nordmann, the 6-foot-10 center who missed much of the season because of a knee injury.
You often hear people talk about team spirit and that sort of thing, Benington said in a conversation after the ceremonies, but what this team had was a little different.
The boys had a tremendous respect for each other's ability.
They knew what they could do and it was often a little more than I thought they could do.
Several times I found the players pepping me up, where it usually is the coach who is supposed to deliver the fight talk.
We'd be losing at halftime to a good team and Hartweger would say, don't worry, Coach -- we'll get 'em all right.
The trio who shared the most-valuable honors were introduced by Bob Broeg, sports editor of the Post-*dispatch.
Kieffer, the only junior in the group, was commended for his ability to hit in the clutch, as well as his all-round excellent play.
Mankowski, the ball-hawking defensive expert, was cited for his performance against Bradley in St. Louis U.'s nationally televised victory.
Benington said, I've never seen a player have a game as great as Mankowski did against Bradley that day.
Benington recalled that he once told Hartweger that he doubted Gordon would ever play much for him because he seemed to be lacking in all of the accepted basketball skills.
After the coach listed all the boy's faults, Hartweger said, Coach before I leave here, you'll get to like me.
Mrs. Benington admired Gordon's spirit and did what she could to persuade her husband that the boy might help the team.
As Hartweger accepted his silver bowl, he said, I want to thank coach's wife for talking him into letting me play.
Bob Burnes, sports editor of the Globe-*democrat, presented Bob Nordmann with his award.
Bevo was congratulated for his efforts to stay in shape so that he could help the team if his knee healed in time.
Within a week after the injury, suffered in St. Louis's victory in the final game of the Kentucky tournament, Nordmann was sitting on the Bill's bench doing what he could to help Benington.
On the clock given him was the inscription, For Outstanding Contribution to Billiken Basketball, 1960-61.
Other lettermen from the team that compiled a 21-9 record and finished as runner-up in the National Invitation Tournament were : Art Hambric, Donnell Reid, Bill Nordmann, Dave Harris, Dave Luechtefeld and George Latinovich.
This team set a precedent that could be valuable in the future, Benington pointed out.
By winning against Bradley, Kentucky and Notre Dame on those teams' home courts, they showed that the home court advantage can be overcome anywhere and that it doesn't take a super team to do it.
St. Louis University found a way to win a baseball game.
Larry Scherer last night pitched a no-hit game, said to be the first in Billiken baseball history, as the Blue and White beat Southeast Missouri State College, 5-1, at Crystal City.
The victory was the first of the season for the Billikens after nine defeats and a tie.
The tie was against Southeast Missouri last Friday.
Scherer also had a big night at bat with four hits in five trips including a double, Len Boehmer also was 4-for-5 with two doubles and Dave Ritchie had a home run and a triple.
St. Louis U. was to be in action again today with a game scheduled at 4 against Washington University at Ligget Field.
The game opened a busy week for Washington.
The Bears are set to play at Harris Teachers College at 3:30 tomorrow and have a doubleheader at Quincy, Ill., Saturday.
Happy hitting if it's true that contented cows give more milk, why shouldn't happy ball players produce more base hits?
The two top talents of the time, Mickey Mantle and Willie Mays, have hit the ball harder and more successfully so far this early season than at any period in careers which, to be frank about it, never have quite reached expectations.
And that's meant as a boost, not a knock.
Mays and Mantle, both 10-year men at 30, have so much ability that, baseball men agree, they've never hit the heights.
Their heights, that is.
Mantle, the bull-necked blond switch-hitter, had one sensational triple-crown season, 1959, when he batted.365
And also led the American League in home runs, 52, and rbi's, 130.
Like the Yankees' slugger, Mays, the terror of the Giants, has had seasons that would be considered the ultimate by most players, but not by -- or for -- Willie.
His best years were 1954 when he hit.345
With 41 homers and '55 when he belted 51 home runs, drove in 127 and stole 24 bases.
Now, apparently happier under new managers, Mays and Mantle, the perfect players, are behaving as though they're going to pass those previous peaks.
Labor relations yes, we know, they're professionals, men paid to play, and they shouldn't care how they're handled, just as long as their names are spelled correctly on the first and fifteenth of each month.
The truth is, though, that men react differently to different treatment.
For that matter, Stan Musial is rare, possessing the disposition that enabled him to put out the same for seven managers, reserving his opinions, but not his effort.
Mantle, it's apparent, resented Casey Stengel's attempts to push and prod him into the perfection the veteran manager saw as a thrilling possibility.
The old man was almost too possessive.
Stengel inherited Di*maggio, Rizzuto, but he brought up Mantle from Class *j to the majors, from Joplin to New York.
With the speed and power of the body beautiful he saw before him, Ol' Case wanted No. 7 to be not only the best homerun hitter, but also the best bunter, base-runner and outfielder.
Stengel probably preached too much in the early days when the kid wanted to pop his bubble gum and sow his oats.
Inheriting a more mature Mantle, who now has seen the sights on and off Broadway, Ralph Houk quietly bestowed, no pun intended, the mantle of authority on Mickey.
The Major decided that, rather than be led, the slugger could lead.
And what leadership a proud Mantle has given so far.
The opinion continues here that with a 162-game schedule, pitching spread thin through a 10-team league and a most inviting target in Los Angeles' Wrigley Field Jr., Mantle just might break the most glamorous record on the books, Babe Ruth's 60 homers of 1927.
Four for Alvin Mays' day came a day earlier for Willie than for the kids and Commies this year.
Willie's wonderful walloping Sunday -- four home runs -- served merely to emphasize how happy he is to be playing for Alvin Dark.
Next to Leo Durocher, Dark taught Mays the most when he was a grass-green rookie rushed up to the Polo Grounds 10 years ago this month, to help the Giants win a dramatic pennant.
Romantic news concerns Mrs. Joan Monroe Armour and F. Lee H. Wendell, who are to be married at 4:30 p.m. tomorrow in the Lake Forest home of her brother, J. Hampton Monroe, and Mrs. Monroe.
Only the families and a dozen close friends will be present.
The bride's brother, Walter D. Monroe Jr., will give her in marriage.
In the small group will be the junior and senior Mrs. Walter Monroe ; the bridegroom's parents, the Barrett Wendells, who are returning from a winter holiday in Sarasota, Fla., for the occasion ; and his brother, Mr. Wendell Jr., and his wife, who will arrive from Boston.
Mr. Wendell Jr. will be best man.
Also present will be the bride's children, Joan, 13, and Kirkland, 11.
Their father is Charles B. Armour.
The bridegroom's children were here for the Christmas holidays and can't return.
Young Peter Wendell, a student at the Westminster school, has measles, and his sister, Mrs. Andrew Thomas, and her husband, who live in Missoula, Mont., have a new baby.
Their mother is Mrs. Camilla Alsop Wendell.
Mr. Wendell and his bride will live in his Lake Forest house.
They will take a wedding trip later.
Back with the Met we are back with the Met again now that the Met is back in Chicago, bulletins Mrs. Frank S. Sims, president of the women's board of the University of Chicago Cancer Research Foundation.
The New York Metropolitan Opera Company will be here in May, and the board will sponsor the Saturday night, May 13, performance of Turandot as a benefit.
Birgit Nilsson will be starred.
Housed in the new Mc*cormick Place theater, this should prove to be an exciting evening, adds Mrs. Sims.
The board's last money raising event was a performance by Harry Belafonte -- quite off-beat for this group, decided some of the members.
Mrs. Henry T. Sulcer of Winnetka, a new board member, will be chairman of publicity for the benefit.
Her husband recently was appointed vice president of the university, bringing them back here from the east.
Parichy-*hamm because of the recent death of the bride's father, Frederick B. Hamm, the marriage of Miss Terry Hamm to John Bruce Parichy will be a small one at noon tomorrow in St. Bernadine's church, Forest Park.
A small reception will follow in the Oak Park Arms hotel.
Mrs. Hamm will not come from Vero Beach, Fla., for the wedding.
However, Mr. Parichy and his bride will go to Vero Beach on their wedding trip, and will stay in the John G. Beadles' beach house.
The Beadles formerly lived in Lake Forest.
Harvey B. Stevens of Kenilworth will give his niece in marriage.
Mr. and Mrs. Stevens and the bride's other uncles and aunts, the Rush C. Butlers, the Homer E. Robertsons, and the David Q. Porters, will give the bridal dinner tonight in the Stevenses' home.
Here and there the Chicago Press club will fete George E. Barnes, president of the United States Lawn Tennis association, at a cocktail party and buffet supper beginning at 5:30 p.m. tomorrow.
Later, a bus will carry members to the Chicago Stadium to see Jack Kramer's professional tennis matches at 8 p.m..
With loud huzzahs for the artistic success of the Presbyterian-*st. Luke's Fashion show still ringing in her ears, its director, Helen Tieken Geraghty ( Mrs. Maurice P. Geraghty ) is taking off tomorrow on a 56 day world trip which should earn her even greater acclaim as director of entertainment for next summer's International Trade fair.
Armed with letters from embassies to ministers of countries, especially those in the near and far east, Mrs. Geraghty will beat the bushes for oriental talent.
We ( the Chicago Association of Commerce and Industry ) expect to establish closer relations with nations and their cultural activities, and it will be easy as a member of the fair staff to bring in acts, explains Mrs. Geraghty.
For instance, Djakarta, Indonesia, has three groups of dancers interested in coming here.
I'm even going to try to get the whirling dervishes of Damascus ] the last obstacle in Mrs. Geraghty's globe-girdling trip was smoothed out when a representative of Syria called upon her to explain that his brother would meet her at the border of that country -- so newly separated from Egypt and the United Arab Republic that she hadn't been able to obtain a visa.
First, Honolulu Honolulu will be Mrs. Geraghty's first stop.
Then Japan, Hong Kong, Manila, India, Pakistan, Damascus, Beirut, and to Rome, London, and Paris to look over wonderful talent.
Dec. 22 is the deadline for Mrs. Geraghty's return ; the Geraghtys' youngest daughter, Molly, bows in the Passavant Debutante Cotillion the next night.
Molly already has her cotillion gown, and it's fitted, says her mother.
Also, invitations have been addressed to Molly's debut tea the afternoon of Dec. 29 in the Arts club.
It won't be a tea, however, but more of an international folk song festival, with singers from Chicago's foreign groups to sing Christmas songs from around the world.
The international theme will be continued with the Balkan strings playing for a dinner the Byron Harveys will give in the Racquet club after the tea.
Miss Abra Prentice's debut supper dance in the Casino will wind up the day.
Burke-*rostagno the Richard S. Burkes' home in Wayne may be the setting for the wedding reception for their daughter, Helen Lambert, and the young Italian she met last year while studying in Florence during her junior year at Smith college.
He is Aldo Rostagno, son of the Guglielmo Rostagnos of Florence whom the Burkes met last year in Europe.
The Burkes, who now live in Kankakee, are telling friends of the engagement.
Miss Burke, a graduate of Miss Hall's school, stayed on in Florence as a career girl.
Her fiance, who is with a publishing firm, translates many books from English into Italian.
He will be coming here on business in December, when the wedding is to take place in Wayne.
Miss Burke will arrive in December also.
Here and there a farewell supper Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Sethness Jr. planned Sunday for Italian Consul General and Mrs. Giacomo Profili has been canceled because Mr. Sethness is in Illinois Masonic hospital for surgery.
Mrs. William Odell, Mrs. Clinton B. King, John Holabird Jr., Norman Boothby, and Actress Maureen O'*sullivan will judge the costumes in the grand march at the Affaire Old Towne Bal Masque tomorrow in the Germania club.
The party is to raise money for the Old Town Art center and to plant more crabapple trees along the streets of Old Town.
Lyon around : Columnist Walter Winchell, well and rat-a-tat-tatty again, wheeled thru town between trains yesterday en route to his Phoenix, Ariz., rancho, portable typewriter in hand.
If W. W.'s retiring soon, as hinted, he ain't talking -- yet.
Pretty Sunny Ainsworth, the ex-*mrs. Tommy Manville and the ex-*mrs. Bud Arvey, joined Playboy-*show-*biz Illustrated, as a promotional copy writer.
She's a whiz.
You can get into an argument about fallout shelters at the drop of a beer stein in clubs and pubs these nights.
Everybody has a different idea on the ethics and morals of driving away neighbors, when and if.
Comic Gary Morton signed to play the Living Room here Dec. 18, because that's the only time his heart, Lucille Ball, can come along.
And watch for a headline from this pair any time now.
The Living Room has another scoop : Jane Russell will make one of her rare night club singing appearances there, opening Jan. 22.
La Russell's run in Skylark, debuting next week at Drury Lane, already is a sellout.
Johnny Ray, at the same L. R., has something to cry about.
He's been warbling in severe pain ; a medico's injection inflamed a nerve, and Johnny can barely walk.
Charley Simonelli, top Universal-*international film studio exec, makes an honest man out of this column.
As we bulletin'd way back, he'll wed pretty Rosemary Strafaci, of the Golf Mag staff, in N. Y. C. today.
Handsome bachelor Charley was a favorite date of many of Hollywood's glamor gals for years.
George Simon, exec director of Danny Thomas A. L. S. A. C. ( Aiding Leukemia Stricken American Children ) fund raising group, filled me in on the low-down phonies who are using phones to solicit funds for Danny's St. Jude hospital in Memphis.
There is no such thing as an emergency telephone building fund drive.
The only current event they're staging is the big show at the Stadium Nov. 25, when Danny will entertain thousands of underprivileged kids.
You can mail contribs to Danny Thomas, Post Office Box 7599, Chicago.
So, if anybody solicits by phone, make sure you mail the dough to the above.
Olivia De Havilland signed to do a Broadway play for Garson Kanin this season, A Gift of Time.
She'll move to Gotham after years in Paris.
Gorgeous Doris Day and her producer-hubby, Marty Melcher, drive in today from a motor tour thru New England.
D. D. will pop up with *j Chief Milt Rackmil at the Carnegie theater tomorrow to toast 300 movie exhibitors.
It'll be an all day affair with screenings of Doris' new one, Lover Come Back, and Flower Drum Song.
Whee the people : lovely thrush Annamorena gave up a promising show biz career to apply glamor touches to her hubby, Ray Lenobel's fur firm here.
Typical touch : she sold a $10,000 morning light mink to Sportsman Freddie Wacker for his frau, Jana Mason, also an ex-singer.
In honor of the Wackers' new baby.
Fur goodness sake ] emcee Jack Herbert insists Dick Nixon's campaign slogan for governor of California is, Knight Must Fall ] give generously when you buy candy today for the Brain Research Foundation.
It's one of our town's worthiest charities.
Best bet for tonight : that darlin' dazzler from Paree, Genevieve, opening in the Empire room.
Dave Trager, who is quite a showman and boss of Chicago's new pro basketball Packers, is debuting a new International club, for the exclusive use of season ticket holders, in the Stock Yards Inn.
Jump off is tomorrow night when the Packs meet St. Louis in their season home opener.
Nobody's mentioned it, but when ol' Casey Stengel takes over as boss of the New York Mets, he'll be the only baseballight ever to wear the uniform of all New York area clubs, past and present : Yankees, Dodgers, Giants, and now the Mets.
And Bernie Kriss calls the bayonet clashes at Berlin's Brandenburg Gate, The Battle of the Sentry ] the jotted Lyon : this mad world dept. : Khrush and the Kremlin crowd are confident all right.
They're contaminating the earth's atmosphere including their own via mighty megaton bombs but their own peasants still don't know about it ] more : on the free world side.
Albert John Luthuli, awarded a Nobel prize for his South African integration struggles, has to get permission to fly to collect his honor.
Hmpf but on to the frothier side Johnny Weissmuller, the only real Tarzan, telephoned Maureen O'*sullivan, his first Jane ( now at Drury Lane ) and muttered, me Tarzan, this Jane?
Snapped Maureen, me Jane ] actually Johnny is a glib, garrulous guy, with a rare sense of humor.
Everywhere he went in town, people sidled up, gave him the guttural bit or broke into a frightening Tarzan yodel.
He kids his Tarzan roles more than anyone.
La Dolce Vita, the dynamite Italian flicker, opens at popular prices at the Loop theater Nov. 2.
My idea of masterful movie making.
Bill Veeck's health is back to the dynamo stage, but his medics insist he rest for several more months before getting back into the baseball swim.
William keeps up with our town's doings daily, via the Tribune, and he tells me he never misses the Ticker.
That's our boy Bill.
Jean Fardulli's Blue Angel is the first top local club to import that crazy new dance, the Twist.
They'll start lessons, too, pronto.
A cheer here for Francis Lorenz, state treasurer, who will meet with the probate advisory board of the Chicago Bar association, for suggestions on how to handle the opening of safety deposit boxes after somebody dies.
After being closed for seven months, the Garden of the Gods Club will have its gala summer opening Saturday, June 3.
Music for dancing will be furnished by Allen Uhles and his orchestra, who will play each Saturday during June.
Members and guests will be in for an added surprise with the new wing containing 40 rooms and suites, each with its own private patio.
Gene Marshall, genial manager of the club, has announced that the Garden of the Gods will open to members Thursday, June 1.
Beginning July 4, there will be an orchestra playing nightly except Sunday and Monday for the summer season.
Mrs. J. Edward Hackstaff and Mrs. Paul Luette are planning a luncheon next week in honor of Mrs. J. Clinton Bowman, who celebrates her birthday on Tuesday.
Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Chase announce the birth of a daughter, Sheila, on Wednesday in Mercy Hospital.
Grandparents are Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Chase and Mr. and Mrs. Guy Mullenax of Kittredge.
Mrs. Chase is the former Miss Mary Mullenax.
Back to w. coast Mrs. Mc*intosh Buell will leave Sunday to return to her home in Santa Barbara, Calif., after spending a week in her Polo Grounds home.
Mrs. John C. Vroman Jr. of Manzanola is spending several days in her Sherman Plaza apartment.
Mr. and Mrs. Merrill Shoup have returned to their home in Colorado Springs after spending a few days at the Brown Palace Hotel.
Brig. Gen. and Mrs. Robert F. Mc*dermott will entertain at a black tie dinner Wednesday, May 3, in the Officers' Club at the Air Force Academy.
Cocktail party Mr. and Mrs. Piero De Luise will honor Italian Consul and Mrs. Emilio Bassi at a cocktail party Tuesday, May 2, from 6 to 8 p.m. in their home.
The Bassis are leaving soon for their new post.
There will be a stag dinner Friday evening at the Denver Country Club which will precede the opening of the 1961 golf season.
Cocktails will be served from 6 to 7 p.m., with dinner at 7 and entertainment in the main dining room immediately following.
Miss Betsy Parker was one of the speakers on the panel of the Eastern Women's Liberal Arts College panel on Wednesday evening in the Security Life Bldg..
Guests were juniors in the public high schools.
Fashion show the committee for the annual Central City fashion show has been announced by Mrs. D. W. Moore, chairman.
The event, staged yearly by Neusteters, will be held in the Opera House Wednesday, Aug. 16.
It will be preceded by luncheon in the Teter House.
Mrs. Roger Mead is head of the luncheon table decorations.
Mrs. Stanley Wright is ticket chairman and Mrs. Theodore Pate is in charge of publicity.
Members of the committee include Mrs. Milton Bernet, Mrs. J. Clinton Bowman, Mrs. Rollie W. Bradford, Mrs. Samuel Butler Jr., Mrs. Donald Carr Campbell, Mrs. Douglas Carruthers, Mrs. John C. Davis 3, Mrs. Cris Dobbins, Mrs. William E. Glass, Mrs. Alfred Hicks 2, Mrs. Donald Magarrell, Mrs. Willett Moore, Mrs. Myron Neusteter, Mrs. Richard Gibson Smith, Mrs. James S. Sudier 2 and Mrs. Thomas Welborn.
The first committee meeting will be held on May 19.
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew S. Kelsey of Washington, D.*c., announce the birth of a daughter, Kira Ann Kelsey, on Monday in Washington, D.*c..
Grandparents are Mr. and Mrs. R.*l. Rickenbaugh and Mr. and Mrs. E.*o. Kelsey of Scarsdale, N.*y..
Mrs. Kelsey is the former Miss Ann Rickenbaugh.
A cheery smile, a compassionate interest in others and a practical down-to-earth approach.
Those qualities make Esther Marr a popular asset at the Salvation Army's Social Center at 1200 Larimer St..
The pert, gray-haired woman who came to Denver three years ago from Buffalo, N.*y., is a civilian with the Army.
Her position covers a number of daily tasks common to any social director.
The job also covers a number of other items.
Mom Marr, as the more than 80 men at the center call her, is the link that helps to bridge the gulf between alcoholics and the outside world and between parolees and society.
Her day starts early, but no matter how many pressing letters there are to be written ( and during May, which is National Salvation Army Week, there are plenty ), schedules to be made or problems to be solved, Mrs. Marr's office is always open and the welcome mat is out.
Mrs. Marr is the first contact a Skid Row figure talks to after he decides he wants to pick himself up.
She sees that there is a cup of steaming hot coffee awaiting him and the two chat informally as she presents the rules of the center and explains procedures.
Usually at this point a man is withdrawn from society and one of my jobs is to see that he relearns to mingle with his fellow men, Mrs. Marr explained.
The Denverite has worked out an entire program to achieve this using the facilities of the center.
And I bum tickets to everything I can, she said.
I've become the greatest beggar in the world.
In addition to the tickets to the movies, sporting events and concerts, Mrs. Marr lines up candy and cookies because alcoholics require a lot of sweets to replace the sugar in their system.
Mrs. Marr also has a number of parolees to mother, watching to see that they do not break their parole and that they also learn to readjust to society.
By mid-*june, millions of Americans will take to the road on vacation trips up and down and back and forth across this vast and lovely land.
In another four weeks, with schools closed across the nation, the great all-*american summer safari will be under way.
By July 1, six weeks from now, motel-keepers all over the nation will, by 6 p.m., be switching on that bleak -- to motorists -- sign, No Vacancy.
No matter how many Americans go abroad in summer, probably a hundred times as many gas up the family car, throw suitcases, kids and comic books in the back seat, and head for home.
And where is home, that magic place of the heart?
Ah, that is simple.
Home is where a man was born, reared, went to school and, most particularly, where grandma is.
That is where we turn in the good old summertime.
The land lies ready for the coming onslaught.
My husband and I, a month ahead of the rush, have just finished a 7-day motor journey of 2809 miles from Tucson, Ariz., to New York City : set for influx I can testify that motels, service and comfort stations ( they go together like Scots and heather ), dog wagons, roadside restaurants, souvenir stands and snake farms are braced and waiting.
I hope it can be said without boasting that no other nation offers its vacationing motorists such variety and beauty of scene, such an excellent network of roads on which to enjoy it and such decent, far-flung over-night accommodations.
Maybe motel-keeping isn't the nation's biggest industry, but it certainly looks that way from the highway.
There are motels for all purposes and all tastes.
There are even motels for local weather peculiarities in Shamrock, Tex., as I discovered.
There the Royal Motel advertises all facilities, vented heat, air conditioned, carpeted, free *j, storm cellar.
Many with pools innumerable motels from Tucson to New York boast swimming pools ( swim at your own risk is the hospitable sign poised at the brink of most pools ).
Some even boast two pools, one for adults and one for children.
But the Royal Motel in Shamrock was the only one that offered the comfort and security of a storm cellar.
Motorists like myself who can remember the old tourists accommodated signs on farm houses and village homes before World War 2 can only marvel at the great size and the luxury of the relatively new and fast-grossing motel business.
All for $14 ] at the Boxwood Motel in Winchester, Va., we accidentally drew the honeymoon suite, an elegant affair with wall-to-wall carpeting, gold and white furniture, pink satin brocade chairs, 24-inch *j and a pink tile bath with masses of pink towels.
All for $14.
That made up for the best motel in Norman, Okla., where the proprietor knocked $2 off the $8.50 tab when we found ants in the pressed-paper furniture.
Oxnard, Calif., will be the home of the Rev. Robert D. Howard and his bride, the former Miss Judith Ellen Gay, who were married Saturday at the Munger Place Methodist Church.
Parents of the bride are Mr. and Mrs. Ferris M. Gay, 7034 Coronado.
The bridegroom is the son of Mrs. James Baines of Los Angeles, Calif., and Carl E. Howard of Santa Monica, Calif..
He is a graduate of *j and Perkins School of Theology, *j.
Dr. W. B. I. Martin officiated, and the bride was given in marriage by her father.
Honor attendants for the couple were Miss Sandra Branum and Warren V. Mc*roberts.
The couple will honeymoon in Sequoia National Park, Calif..
Miss Joan Frances Baker, a graduate of *j, was married Saturday to Elvis Leonard Mason, an honor graduate of Lamar State College of Technology, in the chapel of the First Presbyterian Church of Houston.
The bride, daughter of Rhodes Semmes Baker Jr. of Houston and the late Mrs. Baker, was president of Kappa Kappa Gamma and a member of Mortar Board at *j.
Her husband, who is the son of Alton John Mason of Shreveport, La., and the late Mrs. Henry Cater Parmer, was president of Alpha Tau Omega and a member of Delta Sigma Pi at Lamar Tech, and did graduate work at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa, on a Rotary Fellowship.
The Rev. Richard Freeman of Texas City officiated and Charles Pabor and Mrs. Marvin Hand presented music.
The bride was given in marriage by her father.
She wore a court-length gown of organdy designed with bateau neckline and princesse skirt accented by lace appliques.
Her veil was caught to a crown, and she carried gardenias and stephanotis.
Miss Mary Ross of Baird was maid of honor, and bridesmaids were Miss Pat Dawson of Austin, Mrs. Howard M. Dean of Hinsdale, Ill., and Mrs. James A. Reeder of Shreveport, La..
Cecil Mason of Hartford, Conn., was best man for his brother, and groomsmen were Rhodes S. Baker 3 of Houston, Dr. James Carter of Houston and Conrad Mc*eachern of New Orleans, La..
Lee Jackson and Ken Smith, both of Houston, and Alfred Neumann of Beaumont seated guests.
After a reception at The Mayfair, the newlyweds left for a wedding trip to New Orleans, La..
They will live in Corpus Christi.
Miss Shirley Joan Meredith, a former student of North Texas State University, was married Saturday to Larry W. Mills, who has attended Arlington State College.
They will live at 2705 Fitzhugh after a wedding trip to Corpus Christi.
Parents of the couple are Ray Meredith of Denton and the late Mrs. Meredith and Mrs. Hardy P. Mills of Floresville and the late Mr. Mills.
The Rev. Melvin Carter officiated at the ceremony in Slaughter Chapel of the First Baptist Church.
Dan Beam presented music and the bride was given in marriage by her father.
She wore a gown of satin designed along princesse lines and featuring a flared skirt and lace jacket with bateau neckline.
Her veil was caught to a pearl headdress, and she carried stephanotis and orchids.
Miss Glenda Kay Meredith of Denton was her sister's maid of honor, and Vernon Lewelleyn of San Angelo was best man.
Robert Lovelace and Cedric Burgher Jr. seated guests.
A reception was held at the church.
The First Christian Church of Pampa was the setting for the wedding last Sunday of Miss Marcile Marie Glison and Thomas Earl Loving Jr., who will live at 8861 Gaston after a wedding trip to New Orleans, La. The bride, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Ervin Glison of Pampa, has attended Texas Woman's University and will continue her studies at *j.
A Night in New Orleans is the gayety planned by members of the Thrift Shop Committee for May 6 at Philmont Country Club.
The women have a reputation for giving parties that are different and are fun and this year's promises to follow in this fine tradition.
Mrs. H. J. Grinsfelder is chairman.
The Louisiana city is known, of course, for its fine food, good music and its colorful hospitality and, when guests arrive at Philmont that night, says Mrs. Grinsfelder, that is exactly what we expect to offer them.
We've been working for weeks.
The prospects look great.
We are keeping a number of surprises under our hats.
But we can't tell it all now and then have no new excitement later.
Basin Street Beat but she does indicate festivities will start early, that a jazz combo will give with the Basin Street beat during the cocktail and dinner hours and that Lester Lanin's orchestra will take over during the dancing.
As for food, Mrs. Henry Louchheim, chairman of this phase, is a globetrotter who knows good food.
New Orleans?
She says, of course I've had the best.
It is just bad luck that we are having the party in a month with no *j, so no oysters.
But we have lots of other New Orleans specialties.
I know they will be good.
We've tried them out on the club chef -- or say, he has tried them out on us and we have selected the best.
Scenic effects guests will be treated to Gulf Coast scenic effects.
There will be masses of flowers, reproductions of the handsome old buildings with their grillwork and other things that are typical of New Orleans.
Mrs. Harry K. Cohen is chairman of this phase and she is getting an artistic assist from A. Van Hollander, display director of Gimbel Brothers.
The gala is the Thrift Shop's annual bundle party and, as all Thrift Shop friends know, that means the admission is a bundle of used clothing in good condition, contributions of household equipment, bric-a-brac and such to stock the shelves at the shop's headquarters at 1213 Walnut St..
Bundle centers for the convenience of guests bundle centers have been established throughout the city and suburbs where the donations may be deposited between now and the date of the big event.
In addition to the bundles, guests pay the cost of their dinners.
Members of the young set who would like to come to the party only during the dancing time are welcomed.
The Thrift Shop, with Mrs. Bernhard S. Blumenthal as president, is one of the city's most successful fund-raisers for the Federation of Jewish Agencies.
Some idea of the competence of the women is indicated in the contribution made by them during the past 25 years that totals $840,000.
It's big business big business, this little Thrift Shop business, say the members.
For most of the 25 years the operation was under feminine direction.
In the past few years the men, mostly husbands of members, have taken an interest.
Louis Glazer is chairman of the men's committee that, among other jobs, takes over part of the responsibility for staffing the shop during its evening hours.
Mrs. Theodore Kapnek is vice chairman of the committee for the gala.
Mrs. Richard Newburger is chairman of hostesses.
Mrs. Arthur Loeb is making arrangements for a reception ; Mrs. Joan Lichtenstein, for publicity ; Mrs. Harry M. Rose, Jr., for secretarial duties ; Mrs. Ralph Taussig, for junior aides ; Mr. and Mrs. B. Lewis Kaufnabb, for senior aides, and Mrs. Samuel P. Weinberg, for the bundles.
In addition, Mr. and Mrs. Allan Goodman are controllers, Mrs. Paul Stone is treasurer and Mrs. Albert Quell is in charge of admittance for the dancing at 9 P.m..
Besides the bundle centers where contributions may be made there will be facilities at Philmont Country Club for those who would like to bring the bundles on the night of the party.
The women's committee of St. David's Church will hold its annual pre-*fair pink parade, a dessert bridge and fashion show at 1 p.m. on Monday, April 17, in the chapel assembly room, Wayne.
Mrs. Robert O. Spurdle is chairman of the committee, which includes Mrs. James A. Moody, Mrs. Frank C. Wilkinson, Mrs. Ethel Coles, Mrs. Harold G. Lacy, Mrs. Albert W. Terry, Mrs. Henry M. Chance, 2d, Mrs. Robert O. Spurdle, Jr., Mrs. Harcourt N. Trimble, Jr., Mrs. John A. Moller, Mrs. Robert Zeising, Mrs. William G. Kilhour, Mrs. Hughes Cauffman, Mrs. John L. Baringer and Mrs. Clyde Newman.
The fashion show, by Natalie Collett will have Mrs. John Newbold as commentator.
Models will be Mrs. Samuel B. D. Baird, Mrs. William H. Meyle, Jr., Mrs. Richard W. Hole, Mrs. William F. Harrity, Mrs. Robert O. Spurdle, Mrs. E. H. Kloman, Mrs. Robert W. Wolcott, Jr., Mrs. Frederick C. Wheeler, Jr., Mrs. William *j Boyd, *j F. Vernon Putt.
Col. Clifton Lisle, of Chester Springs, who headed the Troop Committee for much of its second and third decades, is now an honorary member.
Each year he invites the boys to camp out on his estate for one of their big week ends of the year.
The Troop is proud of its camping-out program -- on year-round schedule and was continued even when sub-zero temperatures were registered during the past winter.
We worry, say the mothers.
But there never is any need.
The boys love it.
Mrs. John Charles Cotty is chairman of publicity for the country fair and Mrs. Francis G. Felske and Mrs. Francis Smythe, of posters.
They all are of Wayne.
Meet the Artist is the invitation issued by members of the Greater Philadelphia Section of the National Council of Jewish Women as they arrange for an annual exhibit and sale of paintings and sculpture at the Philmont Country Club on April 8 and 9.
A preview party for sponsors of the event and for the artists is set for April 8.
The event will be open to the public the following day.
Proceeds will be used by the section to further its program in science, education and social action on local, national and international levels.
Noted artist Mrs. Monte Tyson, chairman, says the work of 100 artists well known in the Delaware Valley area will be included in the exhibition and sale.
Among them will be Marc Shoettle, Ben Shahn, Nicholas Marsicano, Alfred Van Loen and Milton Avery.
Mr. Shoettle has agreed to do a portrait of the family of the person who wins the door prize.
The event is the sixth on the annual calendar of the local members of the National Council of Jewish Women.
It originated with the Wissahickon Section.
When this and other units combined to form the present group, it was taken on as a continuing fund-raiser.
Others assisting Mrs. Jerome Blum and Mrs. Meyer Schultz are co-chairmen this year.
Assisting as chairmen of various committees are Mrs. Alvin Blum, Mrs. Leonard Malmud, Mrs. Edward Fernberger, Mrs. Robert Cushman.
Also Mrs. Berton Korman, Mrs. Morton Rosen, Mrs. Jacques Zinman, Mrs. Evelyn Rosen, Mrs. Henry Schultz, Mr. and Mrs. I. S. Kamens, Mrs. Jack Langsdorf, Mrs. Leonard Liss, Mrs. Gordon Blumberg, Mrs. Oscar Bregman, Mrs. Alfred Kershbaum and Mrs. Edward Sabol.
Dr. and Mrs. N. Volney Ludwick have had as guests Mr. and Mrs. John J. Evans, Jr., of Kimbolton House, Rockhall, Md..
Mrs. Edward App will entertain the members of her Book Club on Tuesday.
Mrs. A. Voorhees Anderson entertained at a luncheon at her home, on Monday.
Mr. and Mrs. Anderson were entertained at dinner on Sunday by Mr. and Mrs. Frank Coulson, of Fairless Hills.
Mr. and Mrs. Major Morris and their son-in-law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Glennon, and their children will spend several days in Brigantine, N. J..
Mr. and Mrs. James Janssen announce the birth of a daughter, Patricia Lynn Janssen, on March 2.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Marella announce the engagement of their daughter, Miss Mary Ann Marella, to Mr. Robert L. Orcutt, son of Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Orcutt, of Drexel Hill.
Miss Eileen Grant is spending several weeks visiting in Florida.
Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Heinze are entertaining Mr. Walter Lehner, of Vienna ; Mr. Ingo Dussa, of Dusseldorf, Germany, and Mr. Bietnar Haaek, of Brelin.
Mr. and Mrs. Harry D. Hoaps, Jr. have returned to their home in Drexel Park, after spending some time in Delray Beach Fla..
Mr. and Mrs. James F. Mitchell, with their daughter, Anne, and son, James, Jr. are spending several weeks in Florida, and will visit in Clearwater.
Cmdr. Warren Taylor, U*s*n., and Mrs. Taylor, of E. Greenwich, R. I., will have with them for the Easter holidays the latter's parents, Mr. and Mrs. John B. Walbridge, of Drexel Hill.
Mr. and Mrs. L. De*forest Emmert, formerly of Drexel Hill, and now of Newtown Square, are entertaining Mr. and Mrs. Ashman E. Emmert, of Temple, Pa..
Mrs. William H. Merner, of Drexel Park, entertained at a luncheon at her home on Wednesday.
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brown will return next week from Bermuda.
Mrs. H. E. Godwin will entertain the members of her Book Club at her home on Tuesday.
Dr. and Mrs. Richard Peter Vieth announce the engagement of their daughter, Miss Susan Ann Vieth, to Mr. Conrad Wall 3, son of Dr. Conrad Wall 2, and Mrs. Nell Kennedy Wall.
The marriage will be quietly celebrated in early February.
Miss Vieth was graduated from the Louise S. Mc*gehee school and is attending Wellesley College in Wellesley, Mass..
Her mother is the former Miss Stella Hayward.
Mr. Wall is a student at Tulane university, where he is a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity.
Their Majesties, The Queen of Carnival and The Queen of Comus, have jointly issued invitations for Shrove Tuesday evening at midnight at which time they will entertain in the grand ballroom of a downtown hotel following the balls of Rex and Comus.
Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Mc*connell and their son-in-law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Raymond B. Walker will be hosts this Tuesday evening at dinner at the State St. home of the Walkers honoring Mrs. Mc*connell's debutante niece, Miss Barbara Williams.
Debutante Miss Lady Helen Hardy will be feted at luncheon this Tuesday at which the hostess will be Mrs. Edwin Socola of Waveland, Miss..
She will entertain at a Vieux Carre restaurant at 1 o'clock in the early afternoon.
Another debutante, Miss Virginia Richmond, will also be the honoree this Wednesday at luncheon at which Mrs. John Dane, will be hostess entertaining at a downtown hotel.
Miss Catherine Vickery, who attends Sweet Briar College in Virginia, will rejoin her father, Dr. Eugene Vickery, at the family home in Richmond pl. Wednesday for part of the Carnival festivities.
When the Achaeans entertained Wednesday last at their annual Carnival masquerade ball, Miss Margaret Pierson was chosen to rule over the festivities, presented at the Muncipal Auditorium and chosen as her ladies in waiting were Misses Clayton Nairne, Eleanor Eustis, Lynn Chapman, Irwin Leatherman of Robinsonville, Miss. and Helene Rowley.
The large municipal hall was ablaze with color, which shown out from the bright array of chic ballgowns worn by those participating in the maskers' dances.
The mother of young queen, Mrs. G. Henry Pierson Jr. chose a white brocade gown made on slim lines with panels of tomato-red and bright green satin extending down the back.
Mrs. Thomas Jordan selected a black taffeta frock made with a skirt of fringed tiers and worn with crimson silk slippers.
Mrs. Clayton Nairne, whose daughter, was among the court maids, chose a deep greenish blue lace gown.
Mrs. Fenwick Eustis, whose daughter was also a maid to the queen, wore an ashes of roses slipper satin gown.
Mrs. Peter Feringa Jr., last year's Achaeans' queen, chose an eggshell white filmy lace short dress made with a wide decolletage trimmed with an edging of tulle.
Mrs. Eustis Reily's olive-green street length silk taffeta dress was embroidered on the bodice with gold threads and golden sequins and beads.
The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad announced yesterday it would reduce the total amount of its payroll by 10 per cent through salary cuts and lay-offs effective at 12:01 A.*m. next Saturday.
The current monthly payroll comes to about $15,000,000.
Howard E. Simpson, the railroad's president, said, a drastic decline in freight loading due principally to the severe slump in the movement of heavy goods has necessitated this regrettable action.
The reduction in expenses will affect employees in the thirteen states in which the B. & O. operates.
Salary cut and lay-offs it will be accomplished in two ways : 1 a flat reduction of 10 per cent in the salary of all officers, supervisors and other employees not belonging to unions.
There are about 3,325 officers and employees in this class.
2 sufficient lay-offs of union employees to bring about a 10 per cent cut in the union payroll expense.
Since the railroad cannot reduce the salary of individual union members under contract, it must accomplish its payroll reduction by placing some of the men on furlough, a B. & O. spokesman said.
Those union members kept on their jobs, therefore, will not take a cut in their wages.
The spokesman said the number to be furloughed cannot be estimated since the lay-offs must be carried out in each area depending on what men are most needed on the job.
A thug struck a cab driver in the face with a pistol last night after robbing him of $18 at Franklin and Mount Streets.
The victim, Norman B. Wiley, 38, of the 900 block North Charles Street, was treated for cuts at Franklin Square Hospital after the robbery.
The driver told police he followed as the Negro man got out of the cab with his money.
The victim was beaten when he attempted to stop the bandit.
He said the assailant, who was armed with a.45-CALIBER
Automatic, entered the taxi at Pennsylvania Avenue and Gold Street.
In another attack, Samuel Verstandig, 41, proprietor of a food store in the 2100 block Aiken Street, told police two Negroes assaulted him in his store and stole $150 from the cash register after choking and beating him.
A baby was burned to death and two other children were seriously injured last night in a fire which damaged their one-room Anne Arundel county home.
The victim Darnell Somerville, Negro, 1, was pronounced dead on arrival at Anne Arundel General Hospital in Annapolis.
His sister and brother, Marie Louise, 3, and John Raymond, Jr. 22 months, were admitted to the hospital.
The girl was in critical condition with burns over 90 per cent of her body.
Boy in fair condition the boy received second-degree burns of the face, neck and back.
His condition was reported to be fair.
Police said the children's mother, Mrs. Eleanor Somerville, was visiting next door when the fire occurred.
The house is on Old Annapolis road a mile south of Severna Park, at Jones Station, police said.
Annapolis, Jan. 7 -- the Anne Arundel county school superintendent has asked that the Board of Education return to the practice of recording its proceedings mechanically so that there will be no more question about who said what.
The proposal was made by Dr. David S. Jenkins after he and Mrs. D. Ellwood Williams, Jr., a board member and long-time critic of the superintendent, argued for about fifteen minutes at this week's meeting.
The disagreement was over what Dr. Jenkins had said at a previous session and how his remarks appeared in the minutes presented at the following meeting.
Cites discrepancies Mrs. Williams had a list which she said contained about nine or ten discrepancies between her memory of Dr. Jenkins's conversation and how they were written up for the board's approval.
I hate to have these things come up again and again, Dr. Jenkins commented as he made his suggestion.
These are the board's minutes.
I'll write what you tell me to.
For a number of years the board used a machine to keep a permanent record but abandoned the practice about two years ago.
It was about that time, a board member said later, that Dr. Thomas G. Pullen, Jr., State superintendent of schools, told Dr. Jenkins and a number of other education officials that he would not talk to them with a recording machine sitting in front of him.
The Board of County Commissioners, the Sanitary Commission, the Planning and Zoning Board and other county official bodies use recording machines for all public business in order to prevent law suits and other misunderstandings about what actually happened at their meetings.
Dr. Jenkins notes, however, that most of the school boards in the State do not do so.
State Senator Joseph A. Bertorelli ( D., First Baltimore ) had a stroke yesterday while in his automobile in the 200 block of West Pratt Street.
He was taken to University Hospital in a municipal ambulance.
Doctors at the hospital said he was partially paralyzed on the right side.
His condition was said to be, fair.
Police said he became ill while parked in front of a barber shop at 229 West Pratt Street.
Barber summoned he called Vincent L. Piraro, proprietor of the shop, who summoned police and an ambulance.
The vice president of the City Council complained yesterday that there are deficiencies in the city's snow clearing program which should be corrected as soon as possible.
Councilman William D. Schaefer ( D., Fifth ) said in a letter to Mayor Grady that plowing and salting crews should be dispatched earlier in storms and should be kept on the job longer than they were last month.
Werner criticized conceding that several cities to the north were in worse shape than Baltimore after the last storm, Mr. Schaefer listed several improvements he said should be made in the snow plan here.
He said the snow plan was put in effect too slowly in December.
Equipment should be in operation almost immediately after the first snowfall, Mr. Schaefer said.
The Councilman, who is the Administration floor leader, also criticized Bernard L. Werner, public works director, for halting snow operations on Tuesday night after the Sunday storm.
Sent home for rest Mr. Werner said yesterday that operations continued through the week.
What he did, Mr. Werner said, was let manual laborers go home Tuesday night for some rest.
Work resumed Wednesday, he said.
Mr. Schaefer also recommended that the snow emergency route plan, under which parking is banned on key streets and cars are required to use snow tires or chains on them, should be strictly enforced.
Admitting that main streets and the central business district should have priority, the Councilman said it is also essential that small shopping areas not be overlooked if our small merchants are to survive.
Recounting personal observations of clearance work, the Councilman cited instances of inefficient use of equipment or supplies by poorly trained workers and urged that plow blades be set so they do not leave behind a thin layer of snow which eventually freezes.
Annapolis, Jan. 7 ( special ) -- the 15-year-old adopted son of a Washington attorney and his wife, who were murdered early today in their Chesapeake Bay-front home, has been sent to Spring Grove State Hospital for detention.
The victims were H. Malone Dresbach, 47, and his wife, Shirley, 46.
Each had been shot in the back several times with a.22-CALIBER
Automatic rifle, according to Capt. Elmer Hagner, chief of Anne Arundel detectives.
Judge Benjamin Michaelson signed the order remanding the boy to the hospital because of the lack of juvenile accommodations at the Anne Arundel County Jail.
The Circuit Court jurist said the boy will have a hearing in Juvenile Court.
Younger son calls police soon after 10 A.*m., when police reached the 1-1/2-story brick home in the Franklin Manor section, 15 miles south of here on the bay, in response to a call from the Dresbach's other son, Lee, 14, they found Mrs. Dresbach's body on the first-floor bedroom floor.
Her husband was lying on the kitchen floor, police said.
The younger son told police his brother had run from the house after the shootings and had driven away in their mother's car.
The description of the car was immediately broadcast throughout Southern Maryland on police radio.
Two brothers adopted police said the boys are natural brothers and were adopted as small children by the Dresbachs.
Trooper J. A. Grzesiak spotted the wanted car, with three boys, at a Route 2 service station, just outside Annapolis.
The driver admitted he was the Dresbachs' son and all three were taken to the Edgewater Station, police said.
Annapolis, Jan. 7 -- Governor Tawes today appointed Lloyd L. Simpkins, his administrative assistant, as Maryland's Secretary of State.
Mr. Simpkins will move into the post being vacated by Thomas B. Finan, earlier named Attorney General to succeed C. Ferdinand Sybert, who will be elevated to an associate judgeship on the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Governor Tawes announced that a triple swearing-in ceremony will be held in his office next Friday.
Simpkins from Somerset Mr. Simpkins is a resident of Somerset county, and he and the Governor, also a Somerset countian, have been friends since Mr. Simpkins was a child.
Now 38, Mr. Simpkins was graduated from the University of Maryland's College of Agriculture in 1947.
Five years later, he was awarded the university's degree in law.
Mr. Simpkins made a name for himself as a member of the House of Delegates from 1951 through 1958.
From the outset of his first term, he established himself as one of the guiding spirits of the House of Delegates.
Maryland contracts for future construction during October totaled $77,389,000, up to 10 per cent compared to October, 1960, F. W. Dodge, Dodge Corporation, reported.
Dodge reported the following breakdown : nonresidential at $20,447,000, down 28 per cent ; residential at $47,101,000, up 100 per cent ; and heavy engineering at $9,841,000, down 45 per cent.
The cumulative total of construction contracts for the first ten months of 1961 amounted to $634,517,000, a 4 per cent increase compared to the corresponding period of last year.
A breakdown of the ten-month total showed : nonresidential at $253,355,000, up 22 per cent ; residential at $278,877,000, up 12 per cent ; and heavy engineering at $102,285,000, down 33 per cent.
Residential building consists of houses, apartments, hotels, dormitories and other buildings designed for shelter.
The share of the new housing market enjoyed by apartments, which began about six years ago, has more than tripled within that span of time.
In 1961, it is estimated that multiple unit dwellings will account for nearly 30 per cent of the starts in residential construction.
While availability of mortgage money has been a factor in encouraging apartment construction, the generally high level of prosperity in the past few years plus rising consumer income are among the factors that have encouraged builders to concentrate in the apartment-building field.
Although economic and personal circumstances vary widely among those now choosing apartments, Leo J. Pantas, vice president of a hardware manufacturing company, pointed out recently that many apartment seekers seem to have one characteristic in common : a desire for greater convenience and freedom from the problems involved in maintaining a house.
Convenience held key convenience is therefore the key to the housing market today.
Trouble-free, long-life, quality components will play an increasingly important part in the merchandising of new housing in 1960, Pantas predicted.
Sixty-seven living units are being added to the 165-unit Harbor View Apartments in the Cherry Hill section.
Ultimately the development will comprise 300 units, in two-story and three-story structures.
Various of the apartments are of the terrace type, being on the ground floor so that entrance is direct.
Others, which are reached by walking up a single flight of stairs, have balconies.
The structures housing the apartments are of masonry and frame construction.
Heating is by individual gas-fired, forced warm air systems.
Construction in 1962 will account for about 15 per cent of the gross national product, according to a study by Johns-*manville Corporation.
London, Feb. 9 -- vital secrets of Britain's first atomic submarine, the Dreadnought, and, by implication, of the entire United States navy's still-building nuclear sub fleet, were stolen by a London-based soviet spy ring, secret service agents testified today.
The Dreadnought was built on designs supplied by the United States in 1959 and was launched last year.
It is a killer sub -- that is, a hunter of enemy subs.
It has a hull patterned on that of the United States navy's Nautilus, the world's first atomic submarine.
Its power unit, however, was derived from the reactor of the more modern American nuclear submarine Skipjack.
Five held for trial the announcement that the secrets of the Dreadnought had been stolen was made in Bow St. police court here at the end of a three day hearing.
A full trial was ordered for : two British civil servants, Miss Ethel Gee, 46, and her newly devoted friend, Harry Houghton, 55, and divorced.
They are accused of whisking secrets out of naval strongrooms over which they kept guard.
Gordon A. Lonsdale, 37, a mystery man presumed to be Russian although he carries a Canadian passport.
When arrested, he had the submarine secrets on a roll of candid camera film as well as anti-submarine secrets in Christmas gift wrapping, it was testified.
Flashed to Moscow a shadowy couple who call themselves Peter Kroger, bookseller, and wife, Joyce.
( in Washington, the Federal Bureau of Investigation identified the Krogers as Morris and Lola Cohen, an American couple formerly of New York City ).
In their suburban cottage the crown charges, the Krogers received secrets from the mystery man, usually on the first Saturday evening of each month, and spent much of the week-end getting the secrets off to Moscow, either on a powerful transmitter buried under the kitchen floor or as dots posted over period marks in used books.
Each dot on magnification resumed its original condition as a drawing, a printed page, or a manuscript.
All five pleaded innocent.
Only Miss Gee asked for bail.
Her young British lawyer, James Dunlop, pleaded that she was sorely needed at her Portland home by her widowed mother, 80, her maiden aunt, also 80 and bedridden for 20 years, and her uncle, 76, who once ran a candy shop.
Refuses to grant bail I am not prepared to grant bail to any of them, said the magistrate, K.*j.*p. Baraclough.
The trial will be held, probably the first week of March, in the famous Old Bailey central criminal court where Klaus Fuchs, the naturalized British German born scientist who succeeded in giving American and British atomic bomb secrets to Russia and thereby changed world history during the 1950s, was sentenced to 14 years in prison.
Fourteen years is the maximum penalty now faced by the new five, who may have altered history in the 1960s.
Fuchs, after nine and a half years, was released, being given time off for good behavior.
He promptly went to communist East Germany.
The magistrate tonight refused to return to the five $29,000 in American and British currency, mostly $20 bills, and in British government bonds and stocks.
This is Russian money, said Mervin Griffith-*jones for the attorney general's office.
He asserted that the Krogers were the bankers for Moscow, Lonsdale the Red paymaster, and the two civil servants the recipients for selling their country's secrets.
Of highest value the fact that secrets of the Dreadnought, and thereby of the American undersea fleet, were involved in the spy case had been hinted at earlier.
But just before luncheon today the fact was announced grimly by the British navy's chief adviser to the cabinet on underwater warfare, Capt. George Symonds.
He said that drawings of the Dreadnought and printed details about the ship were found reproduced in an undeveloped roll of film taken from Lonsdale when he was arrested with the two civil servants outside the Old Vic theater Saturday afternoon, Jan. 7.
The information, he said, would have been of the highest value to a potential enemy.
Court cleared just how many sub secrets were being handed over when the ring, watched for six months, was broken remained untold.
The British defending lawyers, who today increased from three to four, demanded to know if they could make the information involved seem of little value to a jury, the chances of their clients would improve.
So in the name of justice the magistrate cleared the court of all except officials to allow the captain to elaborate for almost an hour.
Almost any information about the Dreadnought would also reveal secrets about the American underwater fleet.
Britain began designing the ship in 1956 but got nowhere until the American government decided to end a ban on sharing military secrets with Britain that had been imposed after Fuchs blabbed.
The United States offered to supply a complete set of propelling equipment like that used in the Skipjack.
With the machinery went a complete design for the hull.
The Skipjack was a second generation atomic sub, much advanced on the Nautilus and the other four which preceded it.
Navy's future involved much of the navy's future depends upon her, an American naval announcement said on the Skipjack's first arrival in British waters in August, 1959, for exhibition to selected high officers at Portland underwater research station.
It was there that the two accused civil servants were at work.
Her basic hull form ( a teardrop ) and her nuclear power plant will be used for almost all new submarines, including the potent Polaris missile submarines, the statement went on.
The atom reactor, water cooled, was the result of almost a decade of research at the naval reactors branch of the atomic energy commission and Westinghouse Electric Corp..
Thru development, the reactor and its steam turbines had been reduced greatly in size, and also in complexity, allowing a single propeller to be used, the navy said.
The hull was also a result of almost a decade of work.
It was first tried out on a conventional submarine, the Albacore, in 1954.
The Skipjack became the fastest submarine ever built.
Reputedly it could outrun, underwater, the fastest destroyers.
It could, reputedly, go 70,000 miles without refueling and stay down more than a month.
It was of the hunter-killer type, designed to seek out ships and other submarines with its most advanced gear and destroy them with torpedoes.
The navy captain disclosed also that a list of questions found in Miss Gee's purse would, if completed and handed back, have given the Kremlin a complete picture of our current anti-submarine effort and would have shown what we are doing in research and development for the future.
Interested in detector the spy ring also was particularly interested in *j, the underwater equipment for detecting submarines, it was testified.
Range was a vital detail.
Designs of parts were sought.
Six radiomen told how, twice on two days after the ring was nabbed, a transmitter near Moscow was heard calling, using signals, times and wavelengths specified on codes found hidden in cigaret lighters in Lonsdale's apartment and the Krogers' house and also fastened to the transmitter lid.
Oddly, the calls were still heard 11 days after the five were arrested.
The charge that the federal indictment of three Chicago narcotics detail detectives is the product of rumor, combined with malice, and individual enmity on the part of the federal narcotics unit here was made yesterday in their conspiracy trial before Judge Joseph Sam Perry in federal District court.
The three -- Miles J. Cooperman, Sheldon Teller, and Richard Austin -- and eight other defendants are charged in six indictments with conspiracy to violate federal narcotic laws.
In his opening statement to a jury of eight women and four men, Bernard H. Sokol, attorney for the detectives, said that evidence would show that his clients were entirely innocent.
Had to know peddlers when they became members of the city police narcotics unit, Sokol said, they were told they would have to get to know certain areas of Chicago in which narcotics were sold and they would have to get to know people in the narcotics racket.
They, on occasion, posed as addicts and peddlers.
Although federal and city narcotic agents sometimes worked together, Sokol continued, rivalries developed when they were aiming at the same criminals.
This, he added, brought about petty jealousies and petty personal grievances.
In the same five year period that the United States says they ( the detectives ) were engaged in this conspiracy, Sokol continued, these three young men received a total of 26 creditable mentions and many special compensations, and were nominated for the Lambert Tree award and the mayor's medal.
No comments by U.*s. in opening, D. Arthur Connelly, assistant United States attorney, read the indictment, but made no comments.
Attorneys for the eight other defendants said only that there was no proof of their clients' guilt.
Cooperman and Teller are accused of selling $4,700 worth of heroin to a convicted narcotics peddler, Otis Sears, 45, of 6934 Indiana Av..
Among other acts, Teller and Austin are accused of paying $800 to Sears.
The first witness, Moses Winston Mardis, 5835 Michigan Av., a real estate agent and former bail bondsman, took the stand after opening statements had been made.
But court adjourned after he testified he introduced James White and Jeremiah Hope Pullings, two of the defendants, and also introduced Pullings to Jessy Maroy, a man mentioned in the indictment but not indicted.
Buaford Robinson, 23, of 7026 Stewart Av., a *j bus driver, was slugged and robbed last night by a group of youths at 51st Street and South Park Way.
Robinson was treated at a physician's office for a cut over his left eyebrow and a possible sprained knee.
His losses included his money bag, containing $40 to $50 and his $214 paycheck.
Robinson told Policemen James Jones and Morgan Lloyd of the Wabash Avenue district that 10 youths boarded his south bound express bus in front of Dunbar Vocational High School, 30th Street and South Park Way, and began skylarking.
When 51st Street was reached, Robinson related, he stopped the bus and told the youths he was going to call the *j supervisor.
As he left the bus with his money bag, Robinson added, the largest youth accosted him, a quarrel ensued, and the youth knocked him down.
Then the youths fled with his money.
Mrs. Blanche Dunkel, 60, who has spent 25 years in the Dwight reformatory for women for the murder in 1935 of her son-in-law, Ervin Lang, then 28, appealed for a parole at a hearing yesterday before two Illinois pardon and parole board members, John M. Bookwalter and Joseph Carpentier.
She had been sentenced to 180 years in prison, but former Gov. Stratton commuted her term to 75 years, making her eligible for parole, as one of his last acts in office.
Mrs. Dunkel admitted the slaying and said that the son-in-law became her lover after the death of her daughter in 1934.
It was when he attempted to end the relationship that the murder took place.
The son of a wealthy Evanston executive was fined $100 yesterday and forbidden to drive for 60 days for leading an Evanston policeman on a high speed chase over icy Evanston and Wilmette streets Jan. 20.
The defendant, William L. Stickney 3, 23, of 3211 Park pl., Evanston, who pleaded guilty to reckless driving, also was ordered by Judge James Corcoran to attend the Evanston traffic school each Tuesday night for one month.
Stickney is a salesman for Plee-*zing, Inc., 2544 Green Bay Rd., Evanston, a food brokerage and grocery chain firm, of which his father, William L. Jr., is president.
Patrolman James F. Simms said he started in pursuit when he saw young Stickney speeding north in Stewart Avenue at Central Street.
At Jenks Street, Simms said, the car skidded completely around, just missed two parked cars, and sped east in Jenks.
The car spun around again, Simms said, before Stickney could turn north in Prairie Avenue, and then violated two stop lights as he traveled north into Wilmette in Prairie.
St. Johns, Mich., April 19.
-- a jury of seven men and five women found 21-year-old Richard Pohl guilty of manslaughter yesterday in the bludgeon slaying of Mrs. Anna Hengesbach.
Pohl received the verdict without visible emotion.
He returned to his cell in the county jail, where he has been held since his arrest last July, without a word to his court-appointed attorney, Jack Walker, or his guard.
Stepson vindicated the verdict brought vindication to the dead woman's stepson, Vincent Hengesbach, 54, who was tried for the same crime in December, 1958, and released when the jury failed to reach a verdict.
Mrs. Hengesbach was killed on Aug. 31, 1958.
Hengesbach has been living under a cloud ever since.
When the verdict came in against his young neighbor, Hengesbach said : I am very pleased to have the doubt of suspicion removed.
Still, I don't wish to appear happy at somebody else's misfortune.
Lives on welfare Hengesbach, who has been living on welfare recently, said he hopes to rebuild the farm which was settled by his grandfather in Westphalia, 27 miles southwest of here.
Hengesbach has been living in Grand Ledge since his house and barn were burned down after his release in 1958.
Pohl confessed the arson while being questioned about several fires in the Westphalia area by State Police.
He also admitted killing Mrs. Hengesbach.
However, the confession, which was the only evidence against him, was retracted before the trial.
Charges in doubt assistant Prosecutor Fred Lewis, who tried both the Hengesbach and Pohl cases, said he did not know what would be done about two arson charges pending against Pohl.
Circuit Judge Paul R. Cash did not set a date for sentencing.
Pohl could receive from 1 to 15 years in prison or probation.
Walker said he was considering filing a motion for a new trial which would contend that the verdict was against the weight of the evidence and that there were several errors in trial procedure.
Locked in motel a verdict against Pohl came at 05 p.m. after almost 13-1/2 hours of deliberation.
The jury, which was locked up in a motel overnight, was canvassed at the request of Walker after the verdict was announced.
The jury foreman, Mrs. Olive Heideman, of rural Elsie, said that a ballot was not even taken until yesterday morning and that the first day of deliberation was spent in going over the evidence.
She said the jurors agreed that Pohl's confession was valid.
The jury asked Judge Cash to send in his written definition of the difference between first and second-degree murder and manslaughter.
The verdict came three hours later.
Some 30 spectators remained in the court during the day and were on hand to hear the verdict read.
The trial had packed the large courtroom for more than a week.
A Sterling Township family of six surviving children, whose mother died yesterday as the aftermath to a fire that also killed one of the children, found today they had the help of hundreds of neighbors and school friends.
While neighbor women assumed some of the dead mother's duties, fund-raising events were being planned by a homeowners association and a student council for the hard-hit Henry Kowalski family, 34220 Viceroy.
Mrs. Eleanor Kowalski, 42, died yesterday afternoon in Holy Cross Hospital of burns suffered in a fire that followed a bottled gas explosion Saturday night at the flat of her widowed mother, Mrs. Mary Pankowski, in the adjoining suburb of Warren.
Services tomorrow funeral services for Mrs. Kowalski and her daughter, Christine, 11, who died of burns at the same hospital Monday, have been scheduled for 10 a.m. tomorrow in St. Anne's Catholic Church, 31978 Mound, in Warren.
The mother and daughter, who will be buried side by side in Mt. Olivet Cemetery, rested together today in closed caskets at the Lyle Elliott Funeral Home, 31730 Mound, Warren.
Mrs. Pankowski, 61, remained in Holy Cross Hospital as a result of the explosion, which occurred while Mrs. Kowalski fueled a cook stove in the grandmother's small upstairs flat at 2274 Eight Mile Road East.
Held candle assistant Fire Chief Chester Cornell said gas fumes apparently were ignited by a candle which one of the three Kowalski girls present held for her mother, because the flat lacked electricity.
Christine's twin sister, Patricia, and Darlene Kowalski, 8, escaped with minor burns.
They are home now with the other Kowalski children, Vicky, 14 ; Dennis, 6 ; Eleanor, 2 ; and Bernardine, 1.
All we have left in the world is one another, and we must stay together the way Mother wanted, Kowalski said in telling his children of their mother's death yesterday afternoon.
Kowalski, a roofer who seldom worked last winter, already was in arrears on their recently purchased split-level home when the tragedy staggered him with medical and funeral bills.
$135 donated neighbor women, such as Mrs. Sidney Baker, 2269 Serra, Sterling Township, have been supplying the family with meals and handling household chores with Kowalski's sister-in-law, Mrs. Anna Kowalski, 22111 David, East Detroit.
Another neighbor, Mrs. Frank C. Smith, 2731 Pall Mall, Sterling Township, surprised Kowalski by coming to the home yesterday with $135 collected locally toward the $400 funeral costs.
John C. Houghton, president of the Tareytown Acres Homeowners Association, followed that by announcing plans last night for a door-to-door fund drive throughout their subdivision on behalf of the Kowalski family.
Students help out Houghton said 6 p.m. Friday had been set for a canvass of all 480 homes in the subdivision, which is located northeast of Dequindre and 14 Mile Road East.
He said contributions also could be mailed to Post Office Box 553, Warren Village Station.
Vicky Kowalski meanwhile learned that several of her fellow students had collected almost $25 for her family during the lunch hour yesterday at Fuhrmann Junior High School, 5155 Fourteen Mile road east.
Principal Clayton W. Pohly said he would allow a further collection between classes today, and revealed that *j Club past surpluses had been used to provide a private hospital nurse Monday for Mrs. Kowalski.
Funds from dances student Council officers announced today the Kowalski family would be given the combined proceeds from a school dance held two weeks ago, and another dance for Fuhrmann's 770 students this Friday night.
Furhmann's faculty is proud that this has been a spontaneous effort, started largely among the students themselves, because of fondness for Vicky and sympathy for her entire family, Pohly said.
There also were reports of a collection at the County Line Elementary School, 3505o Dequindre, which has been attended this year by four of the Kowalski children including Christine.
Expresses thanks Kowalski has spoken but little since the fire last Saturday.
But today he wanted to make a public statement.
I never knew there were such neighbors and friends around me and my family.
I wasn't sure there were such people anywhere in the world.
I'll need more than a single day to find the words to properly express my thanks to them.
An alert 10-year-old safety patrol boy was congratulated by police today for his part in obtaining a reckless driving conviction against a youthful motorist.
Patrolman George Kimmell, of Mc*clellan Station, said he would recommend a special safety citation for Ralph Sisk, 9230 Vernor east, a third grader at the Scripps School, for his assistance in the case.
Kimmell said he and Ralph were helping children across Belvidere at Kercheval Monday afternoon when a car heading north on Belvidere stopped belatedly inside the pedestrian crosswalk.
Gets car number Kimmell ordered the driver to back up, watched the children safely across and was approaching the car when it suddenly took off at high speed, he said, narrowly missing him.
Commandeering a passing car, Kimmell pursued the fleeing vehicle, but lost it in traffic.
Returning to the school crossing, the officer was informed by the Sisk boy that he recognized the driver, a neighbor, and had obtained the license number.
The motorist later was identified as Richard Sarkees, 17, of 2433 Mc*clellan, currently on probation and under court order not to drive.
Given 15 days he was found guilty of reckless driving yesterday by Traffic Judge George T. Murphy, who continued his no-driving probation for another year and ordered him to spend 15 days in the Detroit House of Correction.
The jail sentence is to begin the day after Sarkees graduates from Eastern High School in June.
The long crisis in Laos appeared nearing a showdown today.
Britain announced that it is asking the Soviet Union to agree tomorrow to an immediate cease-fire.
Help asked in Vientiane, the royal Laotian government decided today to ask its friends and neighbors for help in fighting what it called a new rebel offensive threatening the southeast Asian kingdom.
Britain's plans to press Russia for a definite cease-fire timetable was announced in London by Foreign Secretary Lord Home.
He said Britain also proposed that the international truce commission should be reconvened, sent to New Delhi and from there to Laos to verify the cease-fire.
A 14-power conference on Laos should then meet on May 5, he said.
Plea for arms the Laos government plea for help was made by Foreign Minister Tiao Sopsaisana.
He indicated that requests would be made for more U.*s. arms and more U.*s. military advisers.
He declared the government is thinking of asking for foreign troops if the situation worsens.
One of the first moves made after a cabinet decision was to request the United States to establish a full-fledged military assistance group instead of the current civilian body.
A note making the request was handed to U.*s. Ambassador Winthrop G. Brown.
Heavy support the Laos government said four major Pathet Lao rebel attacks had been launched, heavily supported by troops from Communist North Viet Nam.
The minister, describing the attacks which led up to the appeal, said that 60,000 Communist North Vietnamese were fighting royal army troops on one front -- near Thakhek, in southern-central Laos.
There was no confirmation of such massive assaults from independent sources.
In the past such government claims have been found exaggerated.
Havana, April 19.
-- two Americans and seven Cubans were executed by firing squads today as Castro military tribunals began decreeing the death penalty for captured invasion forces and suspected collaborators.
A Havana radio broadcast identified the Americans as Howard Anderson and August Jack Mc*nair.
The executions took place at dawn only a few hours after Havana radio announced their conviction by a revolutionary tribunal at Pinar Del Rio, where the executions took place.
Arms plot charged the broadcast said Anderson, a Seattle ex-marine and Havana businessman, and Mc*nair, of Miami, were condemned on charges of smuggling arms to Cuban rebels.
Anderson operated three Havana automobile service stations and was commander of the Havana American Legion post before it disbanded since the start of Fidel Castro's regime.
Anderson's wife and four children live in Miami.
Mc*nair, 25, was seized March 20 with four Cubans and accused of trying to land a boatload of rifles in Pinar Del Rio, about 35 miles from Havana.
Report others held at least 20 other Americans were reported to have been arrested in a mass political roundup.
Among them were a number of newsmen, including Henry Raymont, of United Press International, and Robert Berrellez, of Associated Press.
So many Cubans were reported being swept into the Castro dragnet that the massive Sports Palace auditorium and at least one hotel were converted into makeshift jails.
More than 1,000 were said to have been arrested -- 100 of them Roman Catholic priests.
Of the millions who have served time in concentration camps in Siberia as political prisoners of the Soviet state, few emerge in the West to tell about it.
M. Kegham -- the name is a pseudynom -- was a teacher in Bucharest and a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation ( A*r*f ) -- two reasons the Communists put him away when they arrived in 1945.
Today, M. Kegham was in Detroit, en route to join his wife and children in California.
Emory University's Board of Trustees announced Friday that it was prepared to accept students of any race as soon as the state's tax laws made such a step possible.
Emory University's charter and by-laws have never required admission or rejection of students on the basis of race, board chairman Henry L. Bowden stated.
But an official statement adopted by the 33-man Emory board at its annual meeting Friday noted that state taxing requirements at present are a roadblock to accepting Negroes.
The statement explained that under the Georgia Constitution and state law, tax-exempt status is granted to educational institutions only if they are segregated.
Emory could not continue to operate according to its present standards as an institution of higher learning, of true university grade, and meet its financial obligations, without the tax-exemption privileges which are available to it only so long as it conforms to the aforementioned constitutional and statutory provisions, the statement said.
The statement did not mention what steps might be taken to overcome the legal obstacles to desegregation.
An Emory spokesman indicated, however, that the university itself did not intend to make any test of the laws.
The Georgia Constitution gives the Legislature the power to exempt colleges from property taxation if, among other criteria, all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people, and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people.
At least two private colleges in the Atlanta area now or in the past have had integrated student bodies, but their tax-exempt status never has been challenged by the state.
Emory is affiliated with the Methodist Church.
Some church leaders, both clerical and lay, have criticized the university for not taking the lead in desegregation.
Urged in 1954 the student newspaper, The Emory Wheel, as early as the fall of 1954 called for desegregation.
From its beginning, the trustees' statement said Friday, Emory University has assumed as its primary commitment a dedication to excellence in Christian higher learning.
Teaching, research and study, according to highest standards, under Christian influence, are paramount in the Emory University policy.
As a private institution, supported by generous individuals, Emory University will recognize no obligation and will adopt no policy that would conflict with its purpose to promote excellence in scholarship and Christian education.
There is not now, nor has there ever been in Emory University's charter or by-laws any requirement that students be admitted or rejected on the basis of race, color or creed.
Insofar as its own governing documents are concerned, Emory University could now consider applications from prospective students, and others seeking applications from prospective students, and others seeking the opportunity to study or work at the university, irrespective of race, color or creed.
Corporate existence on the other hand, Emory University derives its corporate existence from the State of Georgia.
When and if it can do so without jeopardizing constitutional and statutory tax-exemption privileges essential to the maintenance of its educational program and facilities, Emory University will consider applications of persons desiring to study or work at the University without regard to race, color or creed, continuing university policy that all applications shall be considered on the basis of intellectual and moral standards and other criteria designed to assure the orderly and effective conduct of the university and the fulfillment of its mission as an institution of Christian higher education.
A young man was killed and two others injured at midnight Friday when the car they were riding slid into a utility pole on Lake Avenue near Waddell Street, *j, police said.
The dead youth was identified as Robert E. Sims, 19, of 1688 Oak Knoll Cir., *j.
Patrolman G. E. Hammons said the car evidently slid out of control on rain-slick streets and slammed into the pole.
The other occupants were James Willard Olvey, 18, of 963 Ponce De Leon Ave., *j, and Larry Coleman Barnett, 19, of 704 Hill St., *j, both of whom were treated at Grady Hospital for severe lacerations and bruises.
The Atlanta Negro student movement renewed its demands for movie theater integration Friday and threatened picketing and stand-ins if negotiations failed.
The demands were set forth in letters to seven owners of first-run theaters by the Committee on Appeal for Human Rights.
Intend to attend we intend to attend the downtown theaters before the first of the year, the identically worded letters said.
The letters set a Nov. 15 deadline for the start of negotiations.
They indicated that stand-ins and picketing would be started if theater owners failed to cooperate.
Downtown and art theater managers and owners, contacted Friday night for comment on the *j request, said they had no knowledge of such a letter, and that it was not in the Friday mail.
However, three of the managers did say that they would agree to attend the proposed meeting if all of the other managers decided to attend.
Gather here the *j letter comes on the eve of a large gathering of theater managers and owners scheduled to begin here Sunday.
Several theater operators said, however, that there is little likelihood of the subject being discussed during the three-day affair.
Student leaders began sporadic efforts to negotiate theater integration several months ago.
Charles A. Black, *j chairman, said Friday that three theater representatives had agreed to meet with the students on Oct. 31 but had failed to show up.
He declined to name the three.
Friday's letters asked for a Nov. 15 meeting.
Failure to attend the meeting or explain inability to attend, the letters said, would be considered a sign of indifference.
Black said *j hoped to be able to integrate the theaters without taking direct action, but we are pledged to using every legal and nonviolent means at our disposal a prepared statement released by the student group Friday stated that extensive research by *j into techniques and methods of theater integration in other cities indicated that the presence of picket lines and stand-ins before segregated theaters causes a drop in profits besides managers of downtown theaters, the students sent letters to owners of art theaters in the uptown area and Buckhead.
R. E. Killingsworth Raymond E. Killingsworth, 72, died Sunday at his home at 357 Venable St., *j.
Mr. Kililngsworth was a foreman with *j and *j Cafeteria.
He was born in Pittsboro, Miss., and was a veteran of World War 1.
He was a member of the Baptist church.
Survivors include two brothers, C. E. Killingsworth, Atlanta, and John Killingsworth, Warren, Ohio ; and two sisters, Miss Minnie Kililngsworth and Mrs. Bessie Bloom, both of Gettysburg, Pa..
John W. Ball John William Ball, 68, of 133 Marietta St. *j, Apartment 101b, died Sunday at his home.
Mr. Ball was a house painter.
He was a member of the Oakland City Methodist Church and a native of Atlanta.
Funeral services will be at 2 p.m. Tuesday at Blanchard's Chapel with the Rev. J. H. Hearn officiating.
Survivors include his sister, Mrs. Emma B. Odom of Atlanta.
Mrs. Lola Harris Mrs. Lola M. Harris, a native of Atlanta, died Sunday at her home in Garland, Tex..
Survivors include a son, Charles R. Fergeson, Memphis, Tenn. ; two daughters, Mrs. Gene F. Stoll and Miss Nancy Harris, both of Garland ; her father, H. T. Simpson, Greenville, S.*c., and three sisters, Mrs. W. E. Little and Mrs. Hal B. Wansley, both of Atlanta, and Mrs. Bill Wallace, Wilmington, N.*c..
A 24-year-old Atlanta man was arrested Sunday after breaking into the home of relatives in search of his wife, hitting his uncle with a rock and assaulting two police officers who tried to subdue him, police said.
Patrolmen J. W. Slate and A. L. Crawford Jr. said they arrested Ronald M. Thomas, of 1671 Nakoma St., *j, after he assaulted the officers.
Police account the officers gave this account : Thomas early Sunday went to the home of his uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Thomas, 511 Blanche St., *j, looking for his wife, Margaret Lou Thomas, 18, and their 11-month-old baby.
The younger Thomas ripped a screen door, breaking the latch, and after an argument struck his uncle with a rock, scratching his face.
He also struck his aunt and wife, and during the melee the baby also suffered scratches.
When police arrived the man was still violent, Slate said.
Attacks officer he attacked one of the officers and was restrained.
About five minutes later he jumped up, Slate said, and struck the two policemen again.
He was then subdued and placed in the police car to be taken to Grady Hospital for treatment of scratches received in the melee.
Then he attacked the two officers again and was again restrained, Slate related.
Slate said he and Crawford received cuts and scratches and their uniforms were badly torn.
Thomas was charged with four counts of assault and battery.
Two counts of assault on an officer, resisting arrest, disturbance and cursing, police said.
A hearing was set for 30 a.m. Tuesday.
Mrs. Mary Self, who knows more than any other person about the 5,000 city employes for whom she has kept personnel records over the years, has closed her desk and retired.
Over the weekend, Mrs. Self, personnel clerk, was a feted and honored guest of the Atlanta Club, organization of women employes at City Hall.
After 18 years in the personnel office, she has taken a disability pension on advice of her doctors.
As personnel clerk, she handled thousands of entries, ranging from appointments to jobs, to transfers to other employments, to pensions.
I have enjoyed it and will feel a bit lost at least for a while, she said wistfully Friday.
One of the largest crowds in the club's history turned out to pay tribute to Mrs. Self and her service.
Georgia's Department of Agriculture is intensifying its fire ant eradication program in an effort to stay ahead of the fast-spreading pest.
The department is planning to expand its eradication program soon to four additional counties -- Troup, Pierce, Bryan and Bulloch -- to treat 132,000 acres infested by the ants, according to W. E. Blasingame state entomologist.
Low-flying planes will spread a granular-type chemical, heptachlor, over 30,000 acres in Troup, 37,000 acres in Pierce and 65,000 acres in Bulloch and Bryan counties.
The eradication effort is being pushed in Bibb and Jones counties, over 37,679 acres.
The department has just finished treating 20,000 acres in urban areas of Macon.
Also being treated are Houston, Bleckley, Tift, Turner and Dodge counties, Blasingame said.
The fire ant is thought to infest approximately two million acres of land in Georgia, attacking crops, young wildlife and livestock and can be a serious health menace to humans who are allergic to its venom, Blasingame said.
The north-bound entrance to the Expressway at 14th Street will be closed during the afternoon rush traffic hours this week.
This is being done so that Georgia Tech can complete the final phase of a traffic survey on the North Expressway.
Students have been using electric computers and high speed movie cameras during the study.
Perhaps the engineers can find out what causes all the congestion and suggest methods to eliminate it.
Incidentally, 14th Street and the Expressway is the high accident intersection during daylight hours.
It is followed by Cain Street and Piedmont Avenue, *j ; the junction of the Northeast and Northwest Expressways and Jones Avenue and Marietta Street, *j.
Four persons died in Georgia weekend traffic crashes, two of them in a fiery crash near Snellville, the State Patrol said Sunday.
The latest death reported was that of 4-year-old Claude Douglas Maynor of Calvary.
Troopers said the child ran into the path of a passing car a half-mile north of Calvary on Georgia 111 in Grady County.
That death occurred at 50 p.m. Friday and was reported Sunday, the patrol said.
Bursts into flames an auto overturned, skidding into a stopped tractor-trailer and burst into flames near Snellville, the patrol said.
Bobby Bester Hammett, 21, of Rte. 3, Lawrenceville, and Mrs. Lucille Herrington Jones, 23, of Lawrenceville, died in the flaming car, the patrol said.
Salem ( special ) -- for a second month in a row, Multnomah County may be short of general assistance money in its budget to handle an unusually high summer month's need, the state public welfare commission was told Friday.
It is the only county in the state so far this month reporting a possible shortage in *j category, for which emergency allotment can be given by the state if necessary.
William Smythe, director of field service, told the commissioners that Multnomah, as of Aug. 22, had spent $58,918 out of its budgeted $66,000 in the category, leaving only $7,082 for the rest of the month.
At the rate of need indicated in the early weeks of the month, this could mean a shortage of as high as $17,000.
But it probably will be less because of a usual slackening during the last weeks of each month, Smythe said.
No request for emergency allotment had yet been received, however.
Board oks pact the commission, meeting for the first time with both of its newly-appointed commissioners, Roy Webster, of Hood River, and Dr. Ennis Keizer, of North Bend, approved a year's contract for a consultant in the data processing department who has been the center of considerable controversy in the past.
The contract with Ray Field, who has been converting the agencies electronic data processing program to magnetic tape, would renew his present salary of $8 an hour up to a maximum of 200 hours a month.
Field does the planning for the machine operations and fiscal processes and the adapting of the data processing system to new programs as they are made necessary by legislative and policy changes.
Acting Administrator Andrew F. Juras said that because of Field's unique position and knowledge in the program, the agency now would be seriously handicapped if he was not continued for a period.
But he emphasized that the agency must train people within its own employ to fulfill what Field handles, and he said he personally regrets very much that the agency has not done this in the past.
He pointed out to the commissioners that the agency was literally dependent now on the machine processing, and the whole wheels of the agency would stop if it broke down or the three or four persons directing it were to leave.
Salary termed modest Juras said he insisted Field be continued on a consultant basis only and be answerable directly to the administrator of the agency and not to other agencies of the government.
He also said that the salary, in terms of going rates in the field, was modest in terms of the man's responsibility.
The conversion to magnetic tape is not yet completed, he said, and added Field's long service in state government and welfare employ gave him familiarity with the welfare program.
Do you feel you can stand up to the next legislative session and defend this contract?
Asked Mrs. Grace O. Peck, representative from Multnomah County, of the commission chairman, Joseph E. Harvey Jr..
My feeling at the moment, he said, is that we have no alternative, irrespective of some of the arguments about him.
The continued operation of this program depends on having his service.
Harvey criticized Mrs. Peck, later joined by the commission's vice-chairman, Mrs. Lee Patterson, took Harvey to task for comments he had made to the North Portland Rotary Club Tuesday.
A publicity release from Oregon Physicians Service, of which Harvey is president, quoted him as saying the welfare office move to Salem, instead of crippling the agency, had provided an avenue to correct administrative weaknesses, with the key being improved communications between *j & *j and the commission staff.
I rather resent, she said, you speaking to those groups in Portland as though just the move accomplished this.
I think you fell short of the real truth in the matter : that the move is working out through the fine cooperation of the staff and all the people.
The staff deserves a lot of credit working down here under real obstacles.
Harvey said his objective was to create a better public image for welfare.
The wife of convicted bank robber Lawrence G. Huntley was arrested in Phoenix, Ariz., last week and will be returned to Portland to face charges of assault and robbery, Portland detectives said Friday.
Mrs. Lavaughn Huntley is accused of driving the getaway car used in a robbery of the Woodyard Bros.' Grocery, 2825 E. Burnside St., in April of 1959.
Her husband, who was sentenced to 15 years in the federal prison at Mc*neil Island last April for robbery of the Hillsdale branch of Multnomah Bank, also was charged with the store holdup.
Secret Grand Jury indictments were returned against the pair last week, Detective Murray Logan reported.
The Phoenix arrest culminates more than a year's investigation by Detective William Taylor and other officers.
Taylor said Mrs. Huntley and her husband also will be questioned about a series of 15 Portland robberies in spring of 1959 in which the holdup men bound their victims with tape before fleeing.
Mrs. Huntley was held on $20,000 bond in Phoenix.
She was arrested by Phoenix Police after they received the indictment papers from Portland detectives.
A 12-year-old girl, Susan Elaine Smith, 9329 *j Schuyler St. was in serious condition Friday at Bess Kaiser Hospital, victim of a bicycle-auto collision in the Gateway Shopping Center, parking area, Deputy Sheriff W. H. Forsyth reported.
Funeral for William Joseph Brett, 1926 *j 50th Ave., who died Thursday in Portland, will be Monday 1 p.m. at the Riverview Abbey.
Mr. Brett, born in Brooklyn, N.*y., Dec. 15, 1886, came to Portland in 1920.
He owned a logging equipment business here from 1923 to 1928, and later became Northwest district manager for Macwhyte Co..
He retired in 1958.
Survivors are his widow, Alice ; a son, William, Seattle, Wash. ; three sisters, Mrs. Eugene Horstman, Los Angeles, Mrs. Lucy Brett Andrew, New York City, and Mrs. Beatrice Kiefferm, New York City, and five grandchildren.
Employes of Montgomery Ward & Co. at The Dalles, in a National Labor Relations Board election Thursday voted to decertify Local 1565, Retail Clerks International Association, *j, as their collective bargaining agent.
The *j said that of 11 potentially eligible voters eight voted against the union, two voted for it, and one vote was challenged.
Monte Brooks, 67, theatrical producer and band leader, collapsed and died Thursday in a Lloyd Center restaurant.
He lived at 6124 N. Willamette Blvd..
For many years he had provided music and entertainment for functions throughout the Northwest.
These included Oregon State Fair, for which he had been booked on and off, for 30 years.
He collaborated with many of the big name entertainers visiting Portland, among the most recent being Jimmy Durante and Phil Silvers.
He had conducted the 20-piece band in a series of concerts at Blue Lake park during the summer months.
Mr. Brooks was born in New York, and came to Portland in 1920.
He planned at one time to enter the legal profession, but gave up the plan in favor of the entertainment field.
He was a member of Harmony lodge, No. 12, *j & *j, Scottish Rite ; Al Kader Temple of the Shrine ; Order of Elks, Lodge No. 142 ; 40 & 8 Voiture, No. 25, Musician's Union, Local 99.
He was a former commander of Willamette Heights, Post, and a member of Nevah Sholom Congregation.
Survivors are his widow, Tearle ; a son, Sheldon Brooks ; a daughter, Mrs. Sidney S. Stein Jr., Dorenzo, Calif. ; a sister, Mrs. Birdie Gevurtz ; two brothers, Charley and Aaron Cohn, San Francisco ; and five grandchildren.
Services will be at 30 p.m. Monday at Holman & Son Funeral Home, with interment in Neveh Zebek cemetery.
The family requests that flowers be omitted.
A 16-year-old Portland businessman and his Junior Achievement company, have been judged the Company of the Year in national competition completed this week at Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Tim Larson, a junior at Wilson High School and president of Spice-*nice, is the young executive who guided his firm to the top-ranking position over the 4,500 other Junior Achievement companies in the United States and Canada.
The award is the first such honor in the 11-year history of *j activities in Portland, according to Ralph Scolatti, local executive director for Junior Achievement.
Spice-*nice, counseled by Georgia-*pacific Corp., had previously taken first-place honors in both local competition and the regional conference at San Francisco.
The pocket-size company set records with $2,170 in sales of its products, a selection of barbecue spices, and paid stockholders a 20 per cent dividend on their investment.
Youngsters do business the Junior Achievement program is designed to give teenagers practical experience in business by allowing them actually to form small companies, under the guidance and sponsorship of business firms.
The youngsters sell stock, produce and sell a product, pay taxes, and show a profit or loss just like full-scale businesses.
National competition was the culmination of work which began with the school year last fall and continued until just before summer vacation.
Participants in the 27 Portland companies worked one night a week through the school year, guided and counseled by adult advisors drawn from local business and industry.
Over 400 Portland firms contributed funds for the maintenance of Junior Achievement headquarters here.
For winning Larson will receive a $100 U.*s. Savings Bond from the Junior Achievement national organization.
His company, Spice-*nice, will receive a $250 award, which will be distributed among the 16 charter members.
*j men served advisors for the national champion company were John K. Morgan, William H. Baker, Leonard Breuer and William F. Stephenson, all of Georgia-*pacific Corp..
Young Larson is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Larson, 5847 *j Nevada Ct., Portland.
Other members of the Portland delegation attending the conference in Columbus are : Kathleen Mason, Jefferson high school ; Phil Reifenrath, Madison high school ; Ann Wegener, Madison ; Richard E. Cohn, Grant ; Karen Kolb, Franklin ; and Shelby Carlson, Cleveland.
Hillsboro ( special ) -- Washington County's 36th annual fair will close Saturday evening with 4-*h and *j awards program at 7, public dance at 8 and variety show at 8:30.
On the day's schedule are a flower show, 4-*h horsemanship contest and clown shows, the latter at 11 a.m. and 3 p.m..
Attendance continued to run ahead of last year's during the five-day show, with clear skies helping attract fairgoers.
Exhibition ballroom dancers from the studio of Helen Wick Walters of Hillsboro won the all-county talent contest.
Bill Davis quartet of Hillsboro was second and baton twirler Sue Ann Nuttall of Reedville third.
Finalists from the county's east end failed to place.
Results : Janet Jossy of North Plains won grand champion honors of the 4-*h sheep showman contest.
Blue ribbons went to Stephanie Shaw of Hillsboro, Larry Hinton of Beaverton.
Joan Zurcher of Hillsboro, Phyllis Jossy of North Plains, Jane Cox of North Plains.
Kathy Jossy of Hillsboro, Carol Jossy of North Plains and Lorlyn and Tom Zurcher of Hillsboro.
Tom Day of Beaverton exhibited the grand champion 4-*h market hog, a Chester White.
Also winning blue ribbons were Bob Day of Beaverton, Tony Traxel of Beaverton and Steve Hutchins of Banks.
Swine showmanship championship went to Bob Day, with Tom Day and Hutchins winning other blues.
Charles Reynolds of Pumpkin Ridge was rabbit showmanship champion.
In poultry judging, blues were won by John Nyberg of Tualatin, Anne Batchelder of Hillsboro, Jim Shaw of Hillsboro, Stephanie Shaw of Hillsboro and Lynn Robinson of Tigard.
Blue ribbon for one dozen white eggs was taken by Nyberg.
In open class poultry, Donald Wacklin of Sherwood had the champion male and female bird and grand champion bird.
John Haase & Son of Corneilus was the only entrant in open class swine and swept all championships.
Carol Strong, 13, of Cedar Mill cooked the championship junior dollar dinner.
Millie Jansen, high school senior from Verboort, had the championship dollar dinner, and Jody Jaross of Hillsboro also won a blue ribbon.
Barbara Borland of Tigard took top senior individual home economics honors with a demonstration called filbert hats.
About 70 North Providence taxpayers made appeals to the board of tax assessors for a review of their 1961 tax assessments during the last two days at the town hall in Centredale.
These were the last two days set aside by the board for hearing appeals.
Appeals were heard for two days two weeks ago.
About 75 persons appeared at that time.
Louis H. Grenier, clerk of the board, said that the appeals will be reviewed in December at the time the board is visiting new construction sites in the town for assessment purposes.
They also will visit properties on which appeals have been made.
Any adjustments which are made, Mr. Grenier said earlier this month, will appear on the balance of the tax bill since most of the town's taxpayers take the option of paying quarterly with the balance due next year.
John Pezza, 69, of 734 Hartford Avenue, Providence, complained of shoulder pains after an accident in which a car he was driving collided with a car driven by Antonio Giorgio, 25, of 12 De*soto St., Providence, on Greenville Avenue and Cherry Hill Road in Johnston yesterday.
Mr. Giorgio had started to turn left off Greenville Avenue onto Cherry Hill Road when his car was struck by the Pezza car, police said.
Both cars were slightly damaged.
Mr. Pezza was taken to a nearby Johnston physician, Dr. Allan A. Di*simone, who treated him.
Mr. Giorgio was uninjured.
Thieves yesterday ransacked a home in the Garden Hills section of Cranston and stole an estimated $3,675 worth of furs, jewels, foreign coins and American dollars.
Mr. and Mrs. Stephen M. Kochanek reported the theft at their home on 41 Garden Hills Drive at about 6 last night.
They told police the intruders took a mink coat worth $700, a black Persian lamb jacket worth $450 ; a wallet with $450 in it ; a collection of English, French and German coins, valued at $500 ; four rings, a watch and a set of pearl earrings.
One of the rings was a white gold band with a diamond setting, valued at $900.
The others were valued at $325, $75 and $65.
The watch was valued at $125 and the earrings at $85.
The Kochaneks told police they left home at 8 a.m. and returned about 45 p.m. and found the house had been entered.
Patrolman Robert J. Nunes, who investigated, said the thieves broke in through the back door.
Drawers and cabinets in two bedrooms and a sewing room were ransacked.
The city sewer maintenance division said efforts will be made Sunday to clear a stoppage in a sewer connection at Eddy and Elm Streets responsible for dumping raw sewage into the Providence River.
The division said it would be impossible to work on the line until then because of the large amount of acid sewage from jewelry plants in the area flowing through the line, heavy vehicle traffic on Eddy Street and tide conditions.
A two-family house at 255 Brook Street has been purchased by Brown University from Lawrence J. Sullivan, according to a deed filed Monday at City Hall.
F. Morris Cochran, university vice president and business manager, said the house has been bought to provide rental housing for faculty families, particularly for those here for a limited time.
Employes of Pawtucket's garbage and rubbish collection contractor picketed the firm's incinerator site yesterday in the second day of a strike for improved wages and working conditions.
Thomas Rotelli, head of Rhode Island Incinerator Service, Inc., said four of the company's eight trucks were making collections with both newly hired and regular workers.
Sydney Larson, a staff representative for the United Steel Workers, which the firm's 25 workers joined before striking, said the state Labor Relations Board has been asked to set up an election to pick a bargaining agent.
A 62-year-old Smithfield man, Lester E. Stone of 19 Beverly Circle, was in satisfactory condition last night at Our Lady of Fatima Hospital, North Providence, with injuries suffered when a car he was driving struck a utility pole on Woonasquatucket Avenue in North Providence near Stevens Street.
Mr. Stone suffered fractured ribs and chest cuts, hospital authorities said.
He was taken to the hospital by the North Providence ambulance.
Before hitting the pole, Mr. Stone's car brushed against a car driven by Alva W. Vernava, 21, of 23 Maple Ave., North Providence, tearing away the rear bumper and denting the left rear fender of the Vernava car, police said.
Mr. Vernava was uninjured.
The impact with the utility pole caused a brief power failure in the immediate area of the accident.
One house was without power for about half an hour, a Narragansett Electric Co. spokesman said.
The power was off for about five minutes in houses along Smith Street as far away as Fruit Hill Avenue shortly before 5 p.m. when the accident occurred.
The fight over the Warwick School Committee's appointment of a coordinator of audio-visual education may go to the state Supreme Court, it appeared last night.
Two members of the Democratic-endorsed majority on the school board said they probably would vote to appeal a ruling by the state Board of Education, which said yesterday that the school committee acted improperly in its appointment of the coordinator, Francis P. Nolan 3rd, the Democratic-endorsed committee chairman, could not be reached for comment.
In its ruling, the state Board of Education upheld Dr. Michael F. Walsh, state commissioner of education, who had ruled previously that the Warwick board erred when it named Maurice F. Tougas as coordinator of audio-visual education without first finding that the school superintendent's candidate was not suitable.
Supt. Clarence S. Taylor had recommended Roger I. Vermeersch for the post.
Milton and Rosella Lovett of Cranston were awarded $55,000 damages from the state in Superior Court yesterday for industrial property which they owned at 83 Atwells Ave., Providence, and which was condemned for use in construction of Interstate Route 95.
The award was made by Judge Fred B. Perkins who heard their petition without a jury by agreement of the parties.
The award, without interest, compared with a valuation of $57,500 placed on the property by the property owners' real estate expert, and a valuation of $52,500 placed on it by the state's expert.
The property included a one-story brick manufacturing building on 8,293 square feet of land.
Saul Hodosh represented the owners.
Atty. Gen. J. Joseph Nugent appeared for the state.
Santa's lieutenants in charge of the Journal-*bulletin Santa Claus Fund are looking for the usual generous response this year from Cranston residents.
Persons who find it convenient may send their contributions to the Journal-*bulletin's Cranston office at 823 Park Avenue.
All contributed will be acknowledged.
The fund's statewide quota this year is $8,250 to provide Christmas gifts for needy youngsters.
Scores of Cranston children will be remembered.
Cranston residents have been generous contributors to the fund over the years.
Public school children have adopted the fund as one of their favorite Christmas charities and their pennies, nickels, dimes and quarters aid greatly in helping Santa to reach the fund's goal.
Bernard Parrillo, 20, of 19 Fletcher Ave., Cranston, was admitted to Roger Williams Hospital shortly before 11:30 a.m. yesterday after a hunting accident in which a shotgun he was carrying discharged against his heel.
Mr. Parrillo was given first aid at Johnston Hose 1.
( Thornton ) where he had been driven by a companion.
The two had been hunting in the Simmonsville area of town and Mr. Parrillo dropped the gun which fired as it struck the ground.
Hospital officials said the injury was severe but the youth was in good condition last night.
A check for $4, 177.37 representing the last payment of a $50,000 federal grant to Rhode Island Hospital was presented to the hospital administrator, Oliver G. Pratt, yesterday by Governor Notte.
The hospital has used the money to assist in alterations on the fifth floor of the Jane Brown Hospital, part of Rhode Island Hospital.
The work added eight beds to the hospital, giving it a total capacity of 646 general beds.
Vincent Sorrentino, founder and board chairman of the Uncas Mfg. Co., has been designated a Cavaliere of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Italy.
The decoration will be presented by A. Trichieri, Italian consul general in Boston, at a ceremony at 30 p.m. on Dec. 7 at the plant, which this year is celebrating its golden anniversary.
About 500 employes of the firm will be on hand to witness bestowal of the honor upon Mr. Sorrentino.
Mr. Sorrentino will be honored on the evening of Dec. 7 at a dinner to be given by the Aurora Club at the Sheraton-*biltmore Hotel.
The Newport-based destroyer picket escort Kretchmer has arrived back at Newport after three months' patrol in North Atlantic waters marked by mercy jobs afloat and ashore.
On Sept. 6, the Kretchmer rescued the crew of a trawler they found drifting on a life raft after they had abandoned a sinking ship.
In August while stopping in Greenock, Scotland, three members of the crew on liberty rendered first aid to a girl who fell from a train.
Local authorities credited the men with saving the girl's life.
Birmingham, Ala. -- ( A*p ) -- the *j yesterday arrested on a perjury charge one of the members of the jury that failed to reach a verdict in the Freedom Rider bus burning trial four weeks ago.
U.*s. Attorney Macon Weaver said the federal complaint, charged that the juror gave false information when asked about Ku Klux Klan membership during selection of jury.
He identified the man as Lewis Martin Parker, 59, a farmer of Hartselle, Ala..
Eight men were tried together in U.*s. District Court in Anniston, Ala., on charges of interfering with interstate transportation and conspiracy growing out of a white mob's attack on a Greyhound bus carrying the first of the Freedom Riders.
The bus was burned outside Anniston.
One of the eight defendants was freed on a directed verdict of acquittal.
A mistrial was declared in the case against the other seven when the jury was unable to agree on a verdict.
The arrest of Mr. Parker marks the third charge of wrongdoing involving the jury that heard the case.
The first incident occurred before the trial got under way when Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard reports of jury-tampering efforts.
He asked members of the panel to tell him if anyone outside the court had spoken to them about the case.
Two members of the panel later told in court about receiving telephone calls at their homes from anonymous persons expressing interest in the trial.
Neither was seated on the jury.
Then, when the case went to the jury, the judge excused one of the jurors, saying the juror had told him he had been accosted by masked men at his motel the night before the trial opened.
The juror said the masked men had advised him to be lenient.
The judge replaced the juror with an alternate.
No formal charges have been filed as a result of either of the two reported incidents.
At the opening of the trial, the jury panel was questioned as a group by Mr. Weaver about Ku Klux Klan connections.
One member of the panel -- not Mr. Parker -- indicated he had been a member of the *j at one time.
He was not seated on the jury.
The perjury charge against Mr. Parker carries a maximum penalty of $2,000 fine and five years imprisonment on conviction.
New York -- ( U*p*i ) -- the New York University Board of Trustees has elected the youngest president in the 130-year history of *j, it was announced yesterday.
The new president is 37-year-old Dr. James Mc*n. Hester, currently dean of the *j Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
He will take over his new post Jan. 1.
Dr. Hester, also one of the youngest men ever to head a major American university, succeeds Dr. Carroll V. Newsom who resigned last September to join Prentice-*hall Inc. publishing firm.
Dr. Hester, of Princeton, N.*j., is a native of Chester, Pa. he joined *j in September, 1960.
Prior to that he was associated with Long Island University in Brooklyn.
Asilomar, March 26 vast spraying programs conducted by technicians with narrow training and little wisdom are endangering crops and wildlife, Carl W. Buchheister, president of the National Audubon Society, said today.
It is like handing a loaded.45
Automatic to an 8-year-old and telling him to run out and play, he commented.
Buchheister told delegates to the West Coast Audubon Convention that aerial spraying in Louisiana failed to destroy its target, the fire ant.
But it did destroy the natural controls of a borer and released a new plague that wrecked a sugar cane crop, he said.
The conservation leader said other mistakes in spraying had caused serious damage in Ohio and Wyoming.
There have even been serious errors in the U. S. Forest Service, whose officials pride themselves in their scientific training, he added.
The news of their experiments reaches the farmers who, forgetting that birds are the most efficient natural enemies of insects and rodents, are encouraged to try to get rid of all birds that occasionally peck their grapes or their blueberries, Buchheister told the delegates.
In addition to urging greater restrictions on aerial spraying, Buchheister called for support of the Wilderness bill, creation of national seashore parks, including Point Reyes ; preservation of the wetlands where birds breed ; a pesticides co-ordination act ; stronger water pollution control programs, and Federal ratification of an international convention to halt pollution of the sea by oil.
The Reed Rogers Da Fonta Wild Life Sanctuary in Marin county on Friday officially became the property of the National Audubon Society.
Mrs. Norman Livermore, president of the Marin Conservation League, handed over the deed to the 645-acre tidelands tract south of Greenwood Beach to Carl W. Buchheister, president of the Society.
The presentation was made before several hundred persons at the annual meeting of the League at Olney Hall, College of Marin, Kentfield.
Buchheister pledged the land would be an inviolate sanctuary for all birds, animals and plants.
Seventeen years ago today, German scientist Willy Fiedler climbed into a makeshift cockpit installed in a *j rocket-bomb that was attached to the underbelly of a Heinkel bomber.
The World War 2 German bomber rolled down a runway and took off.
The only way Fiedler could get back to earth alive was to fly the pulse jet missile and land it on the airstrip.
This had never been done before.
Now a quiet-spoken, middle-aged man, Fiedler is an aeronautical engineer for Lockheed's Missiles and Space Division at Sunnyvale, where he played a key role in the development of the Navy's Polaris missile.
He sat in his office yesterday and recalled that historic flight in 1944.
The first two pilots had crashed, he said.
I had developed the machines and therefore knew them.
It was time to go up myself.
Fiedler was then technical director of Hitler's super-secret Reichenberg project, which remained unknown to the Allies until after the war.
About 200 of the special *j rocket-bombs were to be made ready for manned flight with an explosive warhead.
The target was Allied shipping -- a desperate effort to stave off the Allied invasion of Europe.
The success of the project depended upon Fiedler's flight.
Squeezed into the few cubic feet normally filled by the rocket's automatic guidance mechanism, the scientist waited while the bomber gained altitude.
At 12,000 feet, Fiedler signaled release, and started the roaring pulse-jet engine -- then streaked away from beneath the Heinkel.
To the German pilot in the bomber the rocket became a faint black speck, hurtling through the sky at the then incredible speed of 420 m.p.h..
It was probably man's first successful flight in a missile.
She flew beautifully, said Fiedler.
There was only one power control -- a valve to adjust the fuel flow.
I had exactly 20 minutes to get down to the test strip.
Using a steering system that controlled the modified rocket's tail surfaces and wings equipped with ailerons, Fiedler was to land the missile on a skid especially bolted under the fuselage.
He managed to maneuver the missile to a landing speed of 200 m.p.h. -- fast even for a modern jet plane touchdown -- and banked into the airfield.
Moments later the *j skimmed across the landing strip, edging closer and closer to a touchdown -- then in a streamer of dust it landed.
Fiedler went on to make several other test flights before German pilots took over the Reichenberg missiles.
The missiles were to be armed with an underwater bomb.
Pilots would steer them in a suicide dive into the water, striking below the waterline of individual ships.
A crack corps of 50 pilots was formed from the ranks of volunteers, but the project was halted before the end of the war, and the missiles later fell into Allied hands.
Now a family man with three children, Fiedler lives in a quiet residential area near the Lockheed plant at Sunnyvale.
His spare time is spent in soaring gliders.
It's so quiet, he said, so slow, serene -- and so challenging.
John Di Massimo has been elected president of the 1961 Columbus Day Celebration Committee, it was announced yesterday.
Other officers are Angelo J. Scampini, vice president, Joseph V. Arata, treasurer, and Fred J. Casassa, secretary.
Judge John B. Molinari was named chairman of the executive committee.
Elected to the board of directors were : Elios P. Anderlini, Attilio Beronio, Leo M. Bianco, Frederic Campagnoli, Joseph Cervetto, Armond J. De Martini, Grace Duhagon, John P. Figone, John P. Figone Jr., Stephen Mana, John Moscone, Calude Perasso, Angelo Petrini, Frank Ratto, and George R. Reilly.
Dr. Albert Schweitzer, world-famous theologian and medical missionary, has endorsed an Easter March for Disarmament which begins tomorrow in Sunnyvale.
Members of the San Francisco American Friends Service, a Quaker organization, will march to San Francisco for a rally in Union Square at 2 p.m. Saturday.
In a letter to the American Friends Service, Dr. Schweitzer wrote : leading nations of the West and of the East keep busy making newer nuclear weapons to defend themselves in the event the constantly threatening nuclear war should break out.
They cannot do otherwise than live in dread of each other since these weapons imply the possibility of such grisly surprise attack.
The only way out of this state of affairs is agreement to abolish nuclear weapons ; otherwise no peace is possible.
Governments apparently do not feel obligated to make the people adequately aware of this danger ; therefore we need guardians to demonstrate against the ghastly stupidity of nuclear weapons and jolt the people out of their complacency.
A federal grand jury called 10 witnesses yesterday in an investigation of the affairs of Ben Stein, 47, who collected big fees as a labor consultant and operator of a janitors' service.
Before he testified for 20 minutes, Stein, who lives at 3300 Lake Shore Dr., admitted to reporters that he had a wide acquaintance with crime syndicate hoodlums.
Glimco a buddy among his gangland buddies, he said, were Joseph ( Joey ) Glimco, a mob labor racketeer, and four gang gambling chiefs, Gus ( Slim ) Alex, Ralph Pierce, Joe ( Caesar ) Di*varco, and Jimmy ( Monk ) Allegretti.
Another hoodlum, Louis Arger, drew $39,000 from Stein's janitor firm, the National Maintenance company, in three years ending in 1959, Stein disclosed in an interview.
I put Arger on the payroll because he promised to get my firm the stevedore account at Navy pier, Stein said.
But Arger never was able to produce it, so I cut him off my payroll.
Connection is sought other witnesses, after appearances before the jury, which reportedly is probing into possible income tax violations, disclosed that government prosecutors were attempting to connect Stein and his company with a number of gangsters, including Glimco and Alex.
The federal lawyers, according to their witnesses, also were tracing Stein's fees as a labor consultant.
Under scrutiny, two of the witnesses said, were payments and loans to Stein's National Maintenance company at 543 Madison St..
The company supplies janitors and workmen for Mc*cormick Place and factories, liquor firms, and other businesses.
Lee a witness among the witnesses were Ed J. Lee, director of Mc*cormick Place ; Jerome Leavitt, a partner in the Union Liquor company, 3247 S. Kedzie Av., Dominic Senese, a teamster union slugger who is a buddy of Stein and a cousin of Tony Accardo, onetime gang chief ; and Frank W. Pesce, operator of a Glimco dominated deodorant firm, the Best Sanitation and Supply company, 1215 Blue Island Av..
Lee said he had told the jury that he made an agreement in April with Stein to supply and supervise janitors in Mc*cormick Place.
Stein's fee, Lee said, was 10 per cent of the janitors' pay.
Stein estimated this amount at about $1,500 or $1,600 a month.
A $12,500 payment Leavitt, as he entered the jury room, said he was prepared to answer questions about the $12,500 his liquor firm paid to Stein for labor consultant work with five unions which organized Leavitt's workers.
Leavitt identified the unions as a warehouseman's local, the teamsters union, a salesman's union, the janitors' union, and a bottling workers' union.
Government attorneys, Leavitt said, have questioned him closely about five or six loans totaling about $40,000 which the liquor company made to Stein in the last year.
All of the loans, in amounts up to $5,000 each, have been repaid by Stein, according to Leavitt.
Stein said he needed the money, Leavitt said, to meet the payroll at National Maintenance company.
The deodorant firm run by Pesce has offices in the headquarters of Glimco's discredited taxi drivers' union at 1213-15 Blue Island Av..
The radiation station of the Chicago board of health recorded a reading of 1 micro-microcurie of radiation per cubic meter of air over Chicago yesterday.
The reading, which has been watched with interest since Russia's detonation of a super bomb Monday, was 4 on Tuesday and 7 last Saturday, a level far below the danger point, according to the board of health.
The weather bureau has estimated that radioactive fallout from the test might arrive here next week.
A board of health spokesman said there is no reason to believe that an increase in the level here will occur as a result of the detonation.
Curtis Allen Huff, 41, of 1630 Lake Av., Wilmette, was arrested yesterday on a suppressed federal warrant charging him with embezzling an undetermined amount of money from the First Federal Savings and Loan association, 1 S. Dearborn St., where he formerly was employed as an attorney.
Federal prosecutors estimated that the amount may total $20,000, altho a spokesman for the association estimated its loss at approximately $10,000.
Lien payments involved Huff's attorney, Antone F. Gregorio, quoted his client as saying that part of the embezzlement represented money paid to Huff, as attorney for the loan association, in satisfaction of mechanic's liens on property on which the association held mortgages.
Huff told Gregorio that he took the money to pay the ordinary bills and expenses of suburban living.
Huff, who received a salary of $109 a week from the loan association from October of 1955 until September of this year, said that his private practice was not lucrative.
Huff lives with his wife, Sue, and their four children, 6 to 10 years old, in a $25,000 home with a $17,000 mortgage.
Charge lists 3 checks the complaint on which the warrant was issued was filed by Leo Blaber, an attorney for the association.
The shortage was discovered after Huff failed to report for work on Sept. 18.
On that date, according to Gregorio, Huff left his home and took a room in the New Lawrence hotel at 1020 Lawrence Av..
There, Gregorio said, Huff wrote a complete statement of his offense.
Later, Huff cashed three checks for $100 each at the Sherman House, using a credit card.
All bounced.
When Huff attempted to cash another $100 check there Monday, hotel officials called police.
Bonn, Oct. 24 ( U*p*i ) -- Greece and West Germany have ratified an agreement under which Germany will pay $28,700,000 to Greek victims of Nazi persecution, it was announced today.
Probably the hottest thing that has hit the Dallas investment community in years was the Morton Foods stock issue, which was sold to the public during the past week.
For many reasons, the demand to buy shares in the Dallas-headquartered company was tremendous.
It was not a case of the investment bankers having to sell the stock ; it was more one of allotting a few shares to a number of customers and explaining to others why they had no more to sell.
Investors who wanted 100 shares in many cases ended up with 25, and customers who had put in a bid to buy 400 shares found themselves with 100 and counted themselves lucky to get that many.
In fact, very few customers, anywhere in the nation, were able to get more than 100 shares.
Some Dallas investment firms got only 100 shares, for all of their customers.
A measure of how hot the stock was, can be found in what happened to it on the market as soon as trading began.
The stock was sold in the underwriting at a price of $12.50 a share.
The first over-the-counter trade Wednesday afternoon at Eppler, Guerin & Turner, the managing underwriter, was at $17 a share.
And from that the stock moved right on up until it was trading Thursday morning at around $22 a share.
But the Morton Foods issue was hot long before it was on the market.
Indeed, from the moment the reports of the coming issue first started circulating in Dallas last January, the inquiries and demand for the stock started building up.
Letters by the reams came in from investment firms all over the nation, all of them wanting to get a part of the shares that would be sold ( 185,000 to the public at $12.50, with another 5,000 reserved for Morton Foods employes at $11.50 a share ).
There was even a cable in French from a bank in Switzerland that had somehow learned about the Dallas stock offering.
We subscribe 500 shares of Morton Foods of Texas.
Cable confirmation, it said translated.
But E.*g.*t. could not let the Swiss bank have even 10 shares.
After it allotted shares to 41 underwriters and 52 selling group members from coast to coast there were not many shares for anyone.
But the result of it all was, E.*g.*t. partner Dean Guerin believes, an effective distribution of the stock to owners all over the nation.
I feel confident the stock will qualify for the national list, he said, meaning its market price would be quoted regularly in newspapers all over the country.
He was also pleased with the wide distribution because he thought it proved again his argument that Dallas investment men can do just as good a job as the big New York investment bankers claim only they can do.
But what made the Morton Foods stock issue such a hot one?
The answer is that it was a combination of circumstances.
First, the general stock market has been boiling upward for the last few months, driving stocks of all kinds up.
As a result, it is not easy to find a stock priced as the Morton issue was priced ( at roughly 10 times 1960 earnings, to yield a little over 5 per cent on the 64-cent anticipated dividend ).
Second, the potato chip industry has caught the fancy of investors lately, and until Morton Foods came along there were only two potato chip stocks -- Frito and H. W. Lay -- on the market.
Both of those have had dynamic run-ups in price on the market in recent months, both were selling at higher price-earnings and yield bases than Morton was coming to market at, and everyone who knew anything about it expected the Morton stock to have a fast run-up.
And third, the potato chip industry has taken on the flavor of a growth industry in the public mind of late.
Foods, which long had been considered recession resistant but hardly dynamic stocks, have been acting like growth stocks, going to higher price-earnings ratios.
The potato chip industry these days is growing, not only as a result of population increase and public acceptance of convenience foods, but also because of a combination of circumstances that has led to growth by merger.
The history of the U.*s. potato chip industry is that many of today's successful companies got started during the deep depression days.
Those that remain are those that were headed by strong executives, men with the abilities to last almost 30 years in the competitive survival of the fittest.
But today many of those men are reaching retirement age and suddenly realizing that they face an estate tax problem with their closely held companies and also that they have no second-echelon management in their firms.
So they go looking for mergers with other firms that have publicly quoted stock, and almost daily they pound on the doors of firms like Frito.
All those things combined to make the Morton Foods stock the hot issue that it was and is.
Now, if Morton's newest product, a corn chip known as Chip-o's, turns out to sell as well as its stock did, the stock may turn out to be worth every cent of the prices that the avid buyers bid it up to.
Dallas and North Texas is known world-wide as the manufacturing and distribution center of cotton gin machinery and supplies, valued in the millions of dollars.
More than 10 companies maintain facilities in Dallas and one large manufacturer is located to the north at Sherman.
It is no coincidence that the Texas Cotton Ginner's Association is meeting here this week for the 46th time in their 52-year history.
The exhibition of cotton ginning machinery at the State Fair grounds is valued at more than a million dollars.
It weighs in the tons, so the proximity of factory and exhibition area makes it possible for an outstanding exhibit each year.
A modern cotton gin plant costs in the neighborhood of $250,000, and it's a safe assumption that a large percentage of new gins in the U.*s. and foreign countries contain machinery made in this area.
The Murray Co. of Texas, Inc., originated in Dallas in 1896.
They've occupied a 22-acre site since the early 1900's.
More than 700 employees make gin machinery that's sold anywhere cotton is grown.
Murray makes a complete line of ginning equipment except for driers and cleaners, and this machinery is purchased from a Dallas-based firm.
The Continental Gin Co. began operations in Dallas in 1899.
The present company is a combination of several smaller ones that date back to 1834.
Headquarters is in Birmingham, Ala..
Factories are located here and in Prattville, Ala..
About 40 per cent of the manufacturing is done at the Dallas plant by more than 200 employes.
The company sells a complete line of gin machinery all over the cotton-growing world.
Hardwicke-*etter Co. of Sherman makes a full line of gin machinery and equipment.
The firm recently expanded domestic sales into the Southeastern states as a result of an agreement with Cen-*tennial Gin Co..
They export also.
The company began operation in 1900 with hardware and oil mill supplies.
In 1930, they began making cotton processing equipment.
Presently, Hardwicke-*etter employs 300-450 people, depending on the season of the year.
The Lummus Cotton Gin Co. has had a sales and service office in Dallas since 1912.
Factory operations are in Columbus, Ga..
The district office here employs about 65.
The Moss Gordin Lint Cleaner Co. and Gordin Unit System of Ginning have joint headquarters here.
The cleaner equipment firm began operations in 1953 and the unit system, which turns out a complete ginning system, began operations in 1959.
Gordin manufacturing operations are in Lubbock.
The John E. Mitchell Co. began work in Dallas in 1928.
The firm is prominent in making equipment for cleaning seed cotton, driers, and heaters, and they lay claim to being the first maker ( 1910 ) of boil extraction equipment.
The increase in mechanical harvesting of cotton makes cleaning and drying equipment a must for modern gin operation.
Mitchell employs a total of about 400 people.
They export cotton ginning machinery.
The Hinckley Gin Supply Co. is a maker of overhead equipment.
This includes driers, cleaners, burr extractors, separators and piping that's located above gin stands in a complete gin.
The firm began operations back in 1925 and sells equipment in the central cotton belt, including the Mississippi Delta.
The Cen-*tennial Gin Supply Co. has home offices and factory facilities here.
They make gin saws and deal in parts, supplies and some used gin machinery.
The Stacy Co. makes cleaning and drying equipment for sale largely in Texas.
They've been in Dallas since 1921.
Cotton Belt Gin Service, Inc. of Dallas makes gin saws and started here 14 years ago.
They distribute equipment in 11 states.
The firm also handles gin and oil mill supplies such as belting, bearings, etc..
Cotton processing equipment is a sizable segment of Dallas business economy.
New car sales in Dallas County during March showed slight signs of recovering from the doldrums which have characterized sales this year.
Registrations of new cars in Dallas County cracked the 3,000 mark in March for the first time this year.
Totaling 3,399, sales jumped 14 per cent over February's 2,963.
However, compared with March 1960 new car sales of 4,441, this March was off 23 per cent.
On a quarter-to-quarter comparison, the first quarter of 1961 total of 9,273 cars was 21 per cent behind the previous year's 3-month total of 11,744.
This year-to-year decline for Dallas County closely follows the national trend -- estimated sales of domestic cars in the U.*s. for first three months of 1961 were about 1,212,000 or 80 per cent of the total in the first quarter a year earlier.
With the March pickup, dealers are optimistic that the April-*june quarter will equal or top last year.
The March gain plus this optimism has been encouraging enough to prompt auto makers to boost production schedules for the next quarter.
On the local level, compacts continue to grab a larger share of the market at the expense of lower-priced standard models and foreign cars.
Only three standard models -- Buick, Chrysler, and Mercury -- had slight year-to-year gains in March sales in the county.
The top 3 students from 11 participating Dallas County high schools will be honored by the Dallas Sales Executives Club at a banquet at 6 p.m. Tuesday in the Sam Houston Room of the Sheraton-*dallas Hotel as the club winds up its annual Distributive Education project.
Now in its third year, the program is designed to provide a laboratory for those youngsters seeking careers in marketing and salesmanship.
Business firms provide 20 weeks of practical employment to supplement classroom instruction in these fields.
More than 500 juniors and seniors are taking part in the program and 100 firms offer jobs on an educational rather than a need basis.
Principal address will be delivered by Gerald T. Owens, national sales manager for Isodine Pharmical Corp. of New York.
The 33 honored students are : Mike Trigg, Raymond Arrington, and Ronald Kaminsky of Bryan Adams, Janice Whitney, Fil Terral, and Carl David Page of W. H. Adamson ; Bill Burke, Tommie Freeman, and Lawrence Paschall of N. R. Crozier Tech. Paulah Thompson, Gerald Kestner, and Nancy Stephenson of Hillcrest ; Arnold Hayes, Mary Ann Shay, and Lloyd Satterfield of Thomas Jefferson ; William Cluck, Deloris Carrel Carty, and Edna Earl Eaton of North Dallas ; Patricia Ann Neal, Johnny Carruthers, and David Mc*lauchlin of Rylie of Seagoville ; David Wolverton, Sharon Flanagan, and James Weaver of W. W. Samuels ; William Austin, Gary Hammond, and Ronnie Davis of South Oak Cliff ; Bill Eaton, Carolyn Milton, and Ronnie Bert Stone of Sunset ; and Charles Potter, Ronnie Moore, and Robert Bailey of Woodrow Wilson.
The Kennedy administration's new housing and urban renewal proposals, particularly their effect on the Federal Housing Administration, came under fire in Dallas last week.
The Administration's proposals, complex and sweeping as they are, all deal with fringe areas of the housing market rather than its core, stated Caron S. Stallard, first vice-president of the Mortgage Bankers Association of America.
Santa Barbara -- the present recovery movement will gather steady momentum to lift the economy to a new historic peak by this autumn, Beryl W. Sprinkel, economist of Harris Trust & Savings Bank, Chicago, predicted at the closing session here Tuesday of Investment Bankers Assn., California group, conference.
Another speaker, William H. Draper, Jr., former Under Secretary of the Army and now with the Palo Alto venture capital firm of Draper, Gaither & Anderson, urged the U.*s. to throw down the gauntlet of battle to communism and tell Moscow bluntly we won't be pushed around any more.
He urged support for President Kennedy's requests for both defense and foreign aid appropriations.
Not flash in pan Sprinkel told conferees that the recent improvement in economic activity was not a temporary flash in the pan but the beginning of a substantial cyclical expansion that will carry the economy back to full employment levels and witness a renewal of our traditional growth pattern.
In view of the current expansion, which promises to be substantial he said the odds appear to favor rising interest rates in coming months, but there is reason to believe the change will not be as abrupt as in 1958 nor as severe as in late 1959 and 1960.
Thesis refuted Sprinkel strongly refuted the current neo-stagnationist thesis that we are facing a future of limited and slow growth, declaring that this pessimism is based on very limited and questionable evidence.
Rather than viewing the abortive recovery in 1959-60 as a reason for believing we have lost prospects for growth, he said it should be viewed as a lesson well learned which will increase the probability of substantial improvement in this recovery.
Danger cited he cautioned that the greater danger in this recovery may be excessive stimulation by government which could bring moderate inflation.
The economist does not look for a drastic switch in the budget during this recovery and believes it even more unlikely that the Federal Reserve will aggressively tighten monetary policy in the early phases of the upturn as was the case in 1958.
The unsatisfactory 1958-60 expansion, he said, was not due to inadequate growth forces inherent in our economy but rather to the adverse effect of inappropriate economic policies combined with retrenching decisions resulting from the steel strike.
Sacrifices needed Draper declared, as I see it, this country has never faced such great dangers as threaten us today.
We must justify our heritage.
We must be ready for any needed sacrifice.
He said from his experience of two years with Gen. Clay in West Berlin administration, that Russia respects our show of strength, but that presently we're not acting as we should and must.
He called the Cuban tractor plan an outright blackmail action, and noted that in war you can't buy yourself out and that's what we're trying to do.
While he declined to suggest how, he said that sooner or later we must get rid of Castro, for unless we do we're liable to face similar situations in this hemisphere.
Its the start of a direct threat to our own security and I don't believe we can permit that.
New York ( A*p ) -- stock market Tuesday staged a technical recovery, erasing all of Monday's losses in the Associated Press average and making the largest gain in about two weeks.
Analysts saw the move as a continuation of the recovery drive that got under way late Monday afternoon when the list sank to a hoped-for support level represented by around 675 in the Dow Jones industrial average.
It was a level at which some of the investors standing on the sidelines were thought likely to buy the pivotal issues represented in the averages.
Some good news although it looked like a routine technical snapback to Wall Streeters it was accompanied by some good news.
A substantial rise in new orders and sales of durable goods was reported for last month.
Treasury Secretary Douglas Dillon said the economy is expected to advance by a whopping 8% next year, paving the way for lower taxes.
The Dow Jones industrial average advanced 7.19 to 687.87.
Of 1,253 issues traded, 695 advanced and 354 declined.
New highs for the year totaled nine and new lows 14.
Trading was comparatively dull throughout the day.
Volume dipped to 3.28 million shares from 3.98 million Monday.
A $25 billion advertising budget in an $800 billion economy was envisioned for the 1970s here Tuesday by Peter G. Peterson, head of one of the world's greatest camera firms, in a key address before the American Marketing Assn..
However, Peterson, president of Bell & Howell, warned 800 U.*s. marketing leaders attending a national conference at the Ambassador, that the future will belong to the industrialist of creative and unconventional wisdom.
Creations needed as we look to the $800 billion economy that is predicted for 1970 and the increase of about 40% in consumer expenditures that will be required to reach that goal, management can well be restless about how this tremendous volume and number of new products will be created and marketed, Peterson said.
With this kind of new product log-jam, the premium for brilliant product planning will obviously go up geometrically.
The executive paid tribute to research and development and technology for their great contributions in the past, but he also cautioned industry that they tend to be great equalizers because they move at a fairly even pace within an industry and fail to give it the short-term advantage which it often needs.
Nothing to fear Peterson said America has nothing to fear in world competition if it dares to be original in both marketing and product ideas.
He cited, as an example, how the American camera industry has been able to meet successfully the competition of Japan despite lower Japanese labor costs, by improving its production know-how and technology.
He also used as an example the manufacturer who introduced an all-automatic camera in Germany, with the result that it became the best selling camera in the German market.
Election of Howard L. Taylor to membership in Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, effective Tuesday, has been announced by Thomas P. Phelan, president of the exchange.
Taylor, president and voting stockholder of Taylor and Co., Beverly Hills, has been active in the securities business since 1925.
Union Oil Co. of California Tuesday offered $120 million in debentures to the public through a group of underwriters headed by Dillon, Read & Co., to raise money to retire a similar amount held by Gulf Oil Corp..
Gulf's holdings could have been converted into 2,700,877 shares of Union Oil common upon surrender of debentures plus cash, according to Union.
Under the new offering, only $60 million in debentures are convertible into 923,076 common shares.
Due in 1986 the new offering Tuesday consisted of $60 million worth of 4-7/8 debentures, due June 1, 1986, at 100%, and $60 million of 4-1/2% convertible subordinated debentures due June 1, 1991, at 100%.
The convertible debentures are convertible into common shares at $65 a share by June 1, 1966 ; $70 by 1971 ; $75 by 1976 ; $80 by 1981 ; $85 by 1986, and $90 thereafter.
New York ( A*p ) -- American Stock Exchange prices enjoyed a fairly solid rise but here also trading dwindled.
Volume was 1.23 million shares, down from Monday's 1.58 million.
Gains of 2-3/4 were posted for Teleprompter and Republic Foil.
Fairchild Camera and Kawecki Chemical gained 2-1/2 each.
Question -- I bought 50 shares of Diversified Growth Stock Fund on Oct. 23, 1959, and 50 more shares of the same mutual fund on Feb. 8, 1960.
Something has gone wrong some place.
I am getting dividends on only 50 shares.
In other words, I am getting only half the dividends I should.
Answer -- write to the fund's custodian bank -- the First National Bank of Jersey City, N.*j..
That bank handles most of the paper work for Diversified Growth Stock Fund, Fundamental Investors, Diversified Investment Fund and Television-*electronics Fund.
The bank installed a magnetic tape electronic data processing system to handle things.
But it seems that this electronic brain wasn't programmed correctly.
This resulted in a great number of errors.
And letters began to come in to this column from irate shareholders.
I visited the bank in March and wrote a story about the situation.
At that time, the people at the bank said they felt that they had the situation in hand.
They indicated that no new errors were being made and that all old errors would be corrected within 60 days.
That 60-day period is over and letters are still coming in from shareholders of these four funds, complaining about mistakes in their accounts.
Maybe it's taking longer to get things squared away than the bankers expected.
Any shareholder of any of these funds who finds a mistake in his account certainly should get in touch with the bank.
Doyle cannot undertake to reply to inquiries.
He selects queries or general interest to answer.
Washington ( A*p ) -- Alfred Hayes, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, said Tuesday there is no present need for far-reaching reforms which would basically alter the international financial system.
Hayes said that if a way can be found to deal effectively with short-term capital movements between nations, there is no reason, in my judgment why the international financial system cannot work satisfactorily for at least the foreseeable future.
Washington ( U*p*i ) -- New York Central Railroad president Alfred E. Perlman said Tuesday his line would face the threat of bankruptcy if the Chesapeake & Ohio and Baltimore & Ohio Railroads merge.
Perlman said bankruptcy would not be an immediate effect of the merger, but could possibly be an ultimate effect.
The railroad president made the statement in an interview as the Interstate Commerce Commission opened Round 2 of its hearing into the *j & *j request to control and then merge with the *j & *j.
All these kind of things weaken us, Perlman said.
Bad condition Board Chairman Howard Simpson of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., testified the *j & *j was in its worst financial condition since the depression years and badly needed the economic lift it would get from consolidation with the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad.
The financial situation of the Baltimore & Ohio, has become precarious -- much worse than at any time since the depression of the 1930s, he told the hearing.
*j & *j president Walter J. Tuohy was summoned back for cross-examination by New York Central attorneys before examiner John Bradford who is hearing the complex case.
The New York Central also has asked the *j to permit it to gain control of the *j & *j.
Central was rebuffed by the other two railroads in previous attempts to make it a three-way merger.
The proposed *j & *j & *j railroad would make it the hemisphere's second largest.
Washington ( A*p ) -- the government's short-term borrowing costs rose with Tuesday's weekly offering of Treasury bills.
On $1.1 billion of 90-day bills, the average yield was 2.325%.
The rate a week ago was 2.295%.
Washington, March 11 ( U*p*i ).
-- consumer uncertain about economic conditions.
This was the chief reason for a so-so sales outlook given by two-thirds of 56 builders polled by the National Housing Center.
Other reasons mentioned by one-third or more of the builders were resistance to high interest rates, cost advantage of buying over renting has narrowed, shelter market nearing saturation and prospects unable to qualify.
Increase expected the poll was taken at the Center's annual builders' intentions conference.
It disclosed that the builders : expect their own production volume, and presumably sales, to jump 30 percent in 1961.
Look for home building nationally to advance less than 10 percent this year from 1960's 1,257, 7000 non-farm housing starts.
The industry has said 1960 was a poor year.
Starts were down 20 percent from 1959.
Why the discrepancy between the builders' forecasts for themselves and for the industry?
Leaders of industry the reason, says the Housing Center, is that the builders invited to the intentions conference are generally among the more successful businessmen, and usually do somewhat better than their fellow builders.
Elburn, Ill. -- farm machinery dealer Bob Houtz tilts back in a battered chair and tells of a sharp pickup in sales : we've sold four corn pickers since Labor Day and have good prospects for 10 more.
We sold only four pickers all last year.
Gus Ehlers, competitor of Mr. Houtz in this farm community, says his business since August 1 is running 50% above a year earlier.
Before then, my sales during much of the year had lagged behind 1960 by 20%, he says.
Though the sales gains these two dealers are experiencing are above average for their business, farm equipment sales are climbing in most rural areas.
Paradoxically, the sales rise is due in large measure to Government efforts to slash farm output.
Although the Administration's program cut crop acreage to the lowest point since 1934, farmers, with the help of extra fertilizer and good weather, are getting such high yields per acre that many are being forced to buy new harvesting machines.
Fields of corn and some other crops in many cases are so dense that older equipment cannot handle them efficiently.
The higher price supports provided by the new legislation, together with rising prices for farm products, are pushing up farm income, making it possible for farmers to afford the new machinery.
Seven of the eight companies that turn out full lines of farm machinery say sales by their dealers since the start of August have shown gains averaging nearly 10% above last year.
In August our dealers sold 13% more farm machinery than a year earlier and in September retail sales were 14% higher than last year, says Mark V. Keeler, farm equipment vice president of International Harvester Co..
For the year to date, sales of the company's farm equipment dealers still lag about 5% behind 1960.
Two of three report gains among individual dealers questioned in nearly a score of states, two out of three report their sales since August 1 show sizable gains from a year earlier, with the increases ranging from 5% to 50%.
Not all sections are showing an upswing, however ; the drought-seared North Central states are the most notable exceptions to the uptrend.
The significance of the pickup in farm machinery sales extends beyond the farm equipment industry.
The demand for farm machinery is regarded as a yardstick of rural buying generally.
Farmers spend more of their income on tractors and implements than on any other group of products.
More than 20 million people live on farms and they own a fourth of the nation's trucks, buy more gasoline than any other industry and provide a major market for home appliances, chemicals and other products.
Farmers are so eager for new machinery that they're haggling less over prices than they did a year ago, dealers report.
Farmers aren't as price conscious as last year so we can get more money on a sale, says Jack Martin, who sells J. I. Case tractors and implements in Sioux City, Iowa.
This morning, we allowed a farmer $600 on the old picker he traded in on a new $2,700 model.
Last year, we probably would have given him $700 for a comparable machine.
Mr. Martin sold 21 tractors in August ; in August of 1960, he sold seven.
Dealers' stocks down with dealer stocks of new equipment averaging about 25% below a year ago, the affects of the rural recovery are being felt almost immediately by the country's farm equipment manufacturers.
For example, farm equipment shipments of International Harvester in August climbed about 5% above a year earlier, Mr. Keeler reports.
Tractor production at Massey-*ferguson, Ltd., of Toronto in July and August rose to 2,418 units from 869 in the like period a year earlier, says John Staiger, vice president.
With the lower dealer inventories and the stepped-up demand some manufacturers believe there could be shortages of some implements.
Merritt D. Hill, Ford Motor Co. vice president, says his company is starting to get calls daily from dealers demanding immediate delivery or wanting earlier shipping dates on orders for corn pickers.
Except for a few months in late 1960 and early 1961, retail farm equipment sales have trailed year-earlier levels since the latter part of 1959.
The rise in sales last winter was checked when the Government's new feed grain program was adopted ; the program resulted in a cutback of around 20% in planted acreage and, as a result, reduced the immediate need for machines.
Nearly all of the farm equipment manufacturers and dealers say the upturn in sales has resulted chiefly from the recent improvement in crop prospects.
Total farm output for this year is officially forecast at 129% of the 1947-49 average, three points higher than the July 1 estimate and exactly equal to the final figure for 1960.
The Government also is aiding farmers' income prospects.
Agriculture Department economists estimate the Government this year will hand farmers $1.4 billion in special subsidies and incentive payments, well above the record $1.1 billion of 1958 and about double the $639 million of 1960.
Price support loans may total another $1 billion this year.
With cash receipts from marketings expected to be slightly above 1960, farmers' gross income is estimated at $39.5 billion, $1.5 billion above 1960's record high.
Net income may reach $12.7 billion, up $1 billion from 1960 and the highest since 1953.
The Government reported last week that the index of prices received by farmers rose in the month ended at mid-*september for the third consecutive month, reaching 242% of the 1910-14 average compared with 237% at mid-*july.
Kennedy opposes any widespread relief from a High Court depletion ruling.
The Supreme Court decision in mid-1960 was in the case of a company making sewer pipe from clay which it mined.
The company, in figuring its taxable earnings, deducted a percentage of the revenue it received for its finished products.
Such depletion allowances, in the form of percentages of sales are authorized by tax law for specified raw materials producers using up their assets.
The High Court held that the company must apply its percentage allowance to the value of the raw materials removed from the ground, not to the revenue from finished products.
A measure passed by Congress just before adjourning softened the ruling's impact, on prior-year returns still under review, for clay-mining companies that make brick and tile products.
The measure allows such companies in those years to apply their mineral depletion allowances to 50% of the value of the finished products rather than the lower value of raw clay alone.
President Kennedy, in signing the relief measure into law, stressed he regarded it as an exception.
My approval of this bill should not be viewed as establishing a precedent for the enactment of similar legislation for other mineral industries, the President said.
Charitable deductions come in for closer scrutiny by the I.*r.*s..
The Service announced that taxpayers making such claims may be called on to furnish a statement from the recipient organization showing the date, purpose, amount and other particulars of the contribution.
Requests for substantiation, the Service indicated, can be especially expected in cases where it suspects the donor received some material benefit in return, such as tickets to a show.
In such an instance, revenuers stressed, the deduction must be reduced by the value of the benefit received.
A rule on the Federal deductibility of state taxes is contested.
A realty corporation in Louisiana owed no tax, under Federal law, on its gain from the sale of property disposed of in line with a plan of liquidation.
Louisiana, however, collected an income tax on the profits from the sale.
The corporation, in filing its final Federal income return, claimed the state tax payment as a deductible expense, as permitted under U.*s. tax law.
The Revenue Service disallowed the claim, invoking a law provision that generally bars deductions for expenses incurred in connection with what it said was tax-exempt income.
The Tax Court rejected this view.
It said the tax-freedom of the gain in this case stemmed not from the exempt status of the income but from a special rule on corporate liquidations.
The Tax Court decision and a similar earlier finding by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals challenges a year-old I.*r.*s. ruling on the subject.
The Service has not said what its next step will be.
Peace Corps volunteers are assured a tax benefit under the law creating the agency.
It provides that the $1,800 termination payment each cadet is to get, after serving a two-year hitch without pay, will be spread over both years, not taxed in its entirety at a possibly higher rate in the year received.
The owner of a public relations firm owed no income tax on payments he received from a client company and kicked back to the company's advertising manager, the Tax Court ruled.
The taxpayer testified that in order to retain the account he had to pad his invoices and pay the excess to the manager.
The Court upheld the taxpayer's contention that these kickbacks were not his income though they passed through his hands.
The Court limited its decision to the tax issue involved, commenting : it is not our province to pass judgment on the morality of the transaction.
A portable kerosene range designed for use aboard boats is sold with a special railing to keep it from moving with the motion of the vessel.
The Revenue Service said the addition of the attachment does not keep the range from coming under the Federal manufacturers' excise tax on household-type appliances.
Hiring the wife for one's company may win her tax-aided retirement income.
A spouse employed by a corporation her husband controls, for example, may be entitled to distributions under the company's pension plan as well as to her own Social Security coverage.
She would be taxed on the pensions when received, of course, but the company's contributions would be tax-free.
A frequent pitfall in this sort of arrangement, experts warn, is a tendency to pay the wife more than her job is worth and to set aside an excessive amount for her as retirement income.
In that event, they note, the Revenue Service might declare the pension plan is discriminatory and deny it tax privileges under the law.
Possible upshots : the company could be denied a deduction for its pension payments, or those payments for the wife and other employes could be ruled taxable to them in the year made.
State briefs : voters in four counties containing and bordering Denver authorized the imposition of an additional 2% sales tax within that area.
Colorado has a 2% sales tax.
Denver itself collects a 1% sales tax which is to be absorbed in the higher area tax.
The Washington state supreme court ruled that the state's occupation tax applied to sales, made at cost to an oil company, by a wholly-owned subsidiary set up to purchase certain supplies without divulging the identity of the parent.
The state's occupation tax is computed on gross sales.
The court held that the tax applied to non-profit sales because the corporations realized economic benefits by doing business as two separate entities.
Washington -- consumer spending edged down in April after rising for two consecutive months, the Government reported.
The Commerce Department said seasonally adjusted sales of retail stores dropped to slightly under $18 billion in April, down 1% from the March level of more than $18.2 billion.
April sales also were 5% below those of April last year, when volume reached a record for any month, $18.9 billion ( see chart on Page One ).
The seasonal adjustment takes into account such factors as Easter was on April 2 this year, two weeks earlier than in 1960, and pre-*easter buying was pushed into March.
Commerce Department officials were inclined to explain the April sales decline as a reaction from a surge of consumer buying in March.
Adjusted sales that month were up a relatively steep 2.5% from those of the month before, which in turn were slightly higher than the January low of $17.8 billion.
Greer Garson, world-famous star of stage, screen and television, will be honored for the high standard in tasteful sophisticated fashion with which she has created a high standard in her profession.
As a Neiman-*marcus award winner the titian-haired Miss Garson is a personification of the individual look so important to fashion this season.
She will receive the 1961 Oscar at the 24th annual Neiman-*marcus Exposition, Tuesday and Wednesday in the Grand Ballroom of the Sheraton-*dallas Hotel.
The only woman recipient, Miss Garson will receive the award with Ferdinando Sarmi, creator of chic, beautiful women's fashions ; Harry Rolnick, president of the Byer-*rolnick Hat Corporation and designer of men's hats ; Sydney Wragge, creator of sophisticated casuals for women and Roger Vivier, designer of Christian Dior shoes Paris, France, whose squared toes and lowered heels have revolutionized the shoe industry.
The silver and ebony plaques will be presented at noon luncheons by Stanley Marcus, president of Neiman-*marcus, Beneficiary of the proceeds from the two showings will be the Dallas Society for Crippled Children Cerebral Palsy Treatment Center.
The attractive Greer Garson, who loves beautiful clothes and selects them as carefully as she does her professional roles, prefers timeless classical designs.
Occasionally she deserts the simple and elegant for a fun piece simply because it's unlike me.
In private life, Miss Garson is Mrs. E. E. Fogelson and on the go most of the time commuting from Dallas, where they maintain an apartment, to their California home in Los Angeles' suburban Bel-*air to their ranch in Pecos, New Mexico.
Therefore, her wardrobe is largely mobile, to be packed at a moment's notice and to shake out without a wrinkle.
Her creations in fashion are from many designers because she doesn't want a complete wardrobe from any one designer any more than she wants all of her pictures by one painter.
A favorite is Norman Norell, however.
She likes his classic chemise.
Her favorite cocktail dress is a Norell, a black and white organdy and silk jersey.
Irene suits rate high because they are designed for her long-bodied silhouette.
She also likes the femininity and charm of designs by Ceil Chapman and Helen Rose.
Balenciaga is her favorite European designer.
I bought my first dress from him when I was still a struggling young actress, she reminisces.
I like his clothes for their drama and simplicity and appreciate the great impact he has on fashion.
Black and white is her favorite color combination along with lively glowing pinks, reds, blues and greens.
Of Scotch-*irish-*scandinavian descent, Greer Garson was born in County Down, Ireland.
Her mother was a Greer and her father's family came from the Orkney Isles.
Reared in England, she studied to be a teacher, earned several scholarships and was graduated with honors from the University of London.
She took postgraduate work at the University of Grenoble in France and then returned to London to work on market research with an advertising firm.
Her acting began with the Birmingham Repertory Company and she soon became the toast of the West End.
Among stage performances was a starring role in Golden Arrow directed by Noel Coward.
It was during Old Music at the St. James Theater that Hollywood's Louis B. Mayer spotted her.
After signing a motion-picture contract, she came to America and had goodbye, Mr. Chips as her first assignment after a year's wait.
Other triumphs include Random Harvest, Madame Curie, Pride and Prejudice, The Forsythe Saga and Mrs. Miniver ( which won her the Academy Award in 1943 ).
Honors that have come to Greer Garson are countless.
Just this April she was nominated for the seventh time for an Academy Award for her portrayal of Eleanor Roosevelt in Sunrise at Campobello.
She gave a fine portrayal of Auntie Mame on Broadway in 1958 and has appeared in live television from Captain Brassbound's Conversion to Camille.
She is in Madame Tussard's Waxworks in London, a princess of the Kiowa tribe and an honorary colonel in many states.
She is adept at skeet shooting, trout fishing, Afro-*cuban and Oriental dancing and Southwestern archaeology.
She now serves on the board of directors of the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and the Dallas Theater Center and on the board of trustees of the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts.
She is state chairman for the New Mexico Tuberculosis and Cancer Associations.
Both Miss Garson and her oilman-rancher husband are active supporters of Boys Clubs of America and patrons of the vivid art and opera colony that flourishes in New Mexico.
Back in college, today's handsome Gander was the only male member of a Texas Tech class on food.
The pretty coeds must have ogled him all day long -- but he dutifully kept his eye on the gravy.
Last October he gave a public speech in Washington, D.*c. entitled Are Women Here To Stay?
So you can see that Gerald G. Ramsey, director of *j food services, is not the ordinary type of craven, women-trodden chef.
He is apt to rear back and claim his rights.
Ramsey, as *j food wrangler, buys enough groceries to serve 32,000 meals a week.
Tell that to the little wife when she moans at the woman's burden ] he also dishes up 3,000 snacks.
And he operates three cafeterias in the Student Center, along with Mc*elvaney Dining Hall and the athlete's tables.
Ramsey, 6-3, 195 and ruggedly slim, says, I can't remember when I didn't pester my mother to teach me to cook.
He was in charge of the Hockaday School meals from 1946 to 1950, before he moved to *j.
And you'll notice that in both places, there are acres of charming young ladies who with little effort spice up any chow line.
What does he feed his *j football mastodons at the training table?
Mostly meat and potatoes -- they have to have that go-go-go without getting too fat, says Ramsey.
So he hides the mayonnaise.
And to keep athletes' stomachs from getting jumpy under physical duress, he bans all highly flavored condiments.
What do the pretty *j girls like on their plates?
Pretty much hamburger, hotdogs, steak and, at night, maybe pizza, says the handsome food expert.
Unfortunately, there is still little demand for broccoli and cauliflower.
Ramsey has stoked up Harry Truman, Henry Cabot Lodge, the King of Morocco, Clement Atlee and other shiny characters.
Once four Tibetan monks, in their saffron robes, filed through the cafeteria line.
They aren't supposed to look at women, you know, Ramsey recalled.
What with all those pretty girls around, they had a hard time.
Chicken Cadillac use one 6-ounce chicken breast for each guest.
Salt and pepper each breast.
Dip in melted butter and roll in flour.
Place side by side in a 2-inch deep baking pan.
Bake slowly about one hour at 250-275 F. until lightly brown.
Add enough warmed cream, seasoned to taste with onion juice, to about half cover the chicken breasts.
Bake slowly at least one-half hour longer.
While this is baking, saute mushrooms, fresh or canned, in butter.
Sprinkle over top of chicken breasts.
Serve each breast on a thin slice of slow-baked ham and sprinkle with Thompson seedless grapes.
( leave off the ham and you call it Chicken Pontiac, says Ramsey.
) contemporary furniture that is neither Danish nor straight-line modern but has sculptured pattern, many design facets, warmth, dignity and an effect of utter comfort and livability.
That is the goal of two new collections being introduced in Dallas this month.
Though there has been some avant garde indication that contemporary furniture might go back to the boxy look of the '20's and '40's, two manufacturers chose to take the approach of the sophisticated, but warm look in contemporary.
These two, Heritage and Drexel, chose too not to produce the exactly matching design for every piece, but a collection of correlated designs, each of which could stand alone.
The Heritage collection, to be shown by Sanger-*harris and Anderson's Studio, has perhaps more different types of woods and decorations than any one manufacturer ever assembled together at one time.
Called Perennian, to indicate its lasting, good today and tomorrow quality, the collection truly avoids the monotony of identical pieces.
Walnut, wormy chestnut, pecan, three varieties of burl, hand-woven Philippine cane, ceramic tiles, marble are used to emphasize the feeling of texture and of permanence, the furniture to fit into rooms with tiled floors, brick or paneled walls, windows that bring in the outdoors.
It is a collection with a custom-design look, offering simplicity with warmth, variety and vitality.
The Drexel collection, called Composite, to be shown by Titche's offers a realistic approach to decorating, a mature modern that is a variation of many designs.
Rounded posts give a soft, sculptured look, paneled doors have decorative burl panels or cane insets plus softening arches, table tops are inlaid in Macassar ebony or acacia.
A high-legged buffet provides easy-to-reach serving, a cocktail table has small snack tables tucked under each end, recessed arched panels decorate a 60-inch long chest.
An interesting approach to the bedroom is presented, with a young, basic, functional group of chests, dressers and corner units and a canted headboard.
The other bedroom has heavier styling, door-fronted dressers with acacia panels, a poster bed or a bed with arched acacia panels and matching mirror.
Colorful, bright Eastman Chromspun fabrics, with the magenta, pink and white tones predominating as well as golden shades are used with Composite.
The fabrics have Scotchgard finish to resist soil and wrinkles.
Design elements closely rooted to traditional forms but wearing a definite contemporary label keynote Drexel's fall 1961 group, Composite.
The spider-leg pedestal table has a base finished in an ebony, to set off the lustrous brown of the walnut top.
See-through design of the chairs combines both the nostalgic ladder back and an Oriental shoji flavor.
To bring warmth to the dining area, golden orange tones are used in the fabrics.
Dignity and comfort, in a contemporary manner, reflecting the best aspects of today's design, with substance and maturity, keynote the Perennian collection from Heritage.
Center panel, hand-screened wood, actually is a back of one of the tall bookcases.
Mellow bronzy-green-gold fabrics and the gleam of copper and hand-crafted ceramic accessories reiterate the mood as does the Alexander Smith carpet in all wool loop pile.
The Vagabonds are on the road again.
Members are on their way to Saledo, not by stage coach, but in air-conditioned cars.
This coming weekend they have reserved the entire Stagecoach Inn and adjoining country club, Saledo, for festivities.
Invitations have been extended to some Austin dignitaries including Gov. and Mrs. Price Daniel.
Stagecoach Days is the theme for the weekend on the Old Chisholm Trail.
The get-together Friday night will be a banquet at the country club patio and pool, and an orchestra will play for dancing.
Guests will wear costumes typical of the Chisholm Trail Days.
Ginghams and calico will be popular dress for the women.
The men will be in western attire, including Stetsons and colored vests.
Decorating the ballroom will be the yellow rose of Texas, in tall bushes ; bluebonnets and stagecoach silhouettes.
There will be a large drawing of a sunbonnet girl with eyes that flash at the guests.
Mr. and Mrs. Phil G. Abell are chairmen for the Saledo trip.
Committee members aiding them in planning the entertainment are *j and *j Roy Mc*kee, George Mc*elyee, Jack Fanning, W. H. Roquemore and Joe Darrow.
The travel club is comprised of 75 fun-loving couples who have as their motto Go Somewhere, Anywhere, Everywhere.
Their activities will be climaxed in the spring of 1962 when they go to Europe.
In the past, the men and women have chartered planes to Las Vegas and Jamaica, buses to Mineral Wells and Kerrville and private railway coaches to Shreveport and Galveston.
Four parties are given a year.
Two of these are in or near Dallas and the others away from the vicinity.
Serving on the club's board are *j R. P. Anderson, president ; A. F. Schmalzried, secretary ; W. H. Roquemore, treasurer, and the following chairmen : *j Mc*kee, publicity ; Lawrence B. Jones, yearbook, and Sam Laughlin, scrapbook.
A cookie with caramel filling and chocolate frosting won $25,000 for a Minneapolis housewife in the 13th annual Pillsbury Bake-*off Tuesday.
Mrs. Alice H. Reese, wife of an engineer and mother of a 23-year-old son, was awarded the top prize at a luncheon in the Beverly Hilton Hotel.
Mrs. Reese entered 10 past bake-offs before she got into the finals.
Second grand prize of $5,000 went to Mrs. Clara L. Oliver for her Hawaiian coffee ring, a rich yeast bread with coconut filling and vanilla glaze.
Mother of five Mrs. Oliver is mother of five children and wife of a machinist.
She lives in Wellsville, Mo..
Mrs. Reese baked her cookies for only the third time in the Bake-off finals.
And the third time was the charm.
She dreamed up the cookie recipe, tried it, liked it and entered it in the contest.
The second baking was for photographing when told she was a finalist.
The third time was on the floor of the Beverly Hilton ballroom and for the critical eyes and tongues of judges.
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph R. Bolker will give a dinner on Friday at their home in Beverly Hills to honor Mrs. Norman Chandler, chairman of the Music Center Building Fund Committee, and Mr. Chandler.
Mr. Bolker heads a group within the building and development industry to raise funds in support of this cultural center for the performing arts.
A feature of the party will be a presentation by Welton Becket, center architect, of color slides and renderings of the three-building complex.
Foliage will glow at formal fall party fall foliage and flowers will decorate Los Angeles Country Club for the annual formal party Saturday evening.
More than 200 are expected at the autumn event which is matched in the spring.
Among those with reservations are Messrs. and Mmes. William A. Thompson, Van Cott Niven, A. B. Cox, David Bricker, Samuel Perry and Robert D. Stetson.
Others are Drs. and Mmes. Alfred Robbins, and J. Lafe Ludwig and Gen. and Mrs. Leroy Watson.
Guests from across U.*s. honor Dr. Swim when Dr. W. A. Swim celebrated his 75th birthday at the Wilshire Country Club, guests came by chartered plane from all over the country.
A flight originating in Florida picked up guests on the East Coast and Midwest and a plane left from Seattle taking on passengers at West Coast points.
Cocktails and a buffet supper were served to more than 100 persons who had known Dr. Swim when he practiced in Los Angeles.
He started practice in 1917, and served on the State Board of Medical Examiners.
Giving up the violin opened a whole new career for Ilona Schmidl-*seeberg, a tiny Hungarian who Fritz Kreisler had predicted would have a promising career on the concert stage.
A heart attack when she was barely 20 put an end to the 10-hour daily practicing.
She put the violin away and took out some linen, needles and yarn to while away the long, idle days in Budapest.
Now her modern tapestries have been exhibited on two continents and, at 26, she feels she is on the threshold of a whole new life in Los Angeles.
Her days as an art student at the University of Budapest came to a sudden end during the Hungarian uprisings in 1957 and she and her husband Stephen fled to Vienna.
There they continued their studies at the university, she in art, he in architecture.
And there she had her first showing of tapestry work.
There's a lot of talk about the problem of education in America today.
What most people don't seem to realize, if they aren't tied up with the thing as I am, is that 90% of the problem is transportation.
I never dreamed of the logistical difficulties involved until, at long last, both of my boys got squeezed into high school.
It seems like only last year that we watched them set out up the hill hand in hand on a rainy day in their yellow raincoats to finger-paint at the grammar school.
Getting to and from school was no problem.
They either walked or were driven.
Now they go to a high school that is two miles away.
One might think the problem would be similar.
They could walk, ride on a bus or be driven.
It's much more complex than that.
Generally, they go to school with a girl named Gloriana, who lives down the block, and has a car.
This is a way of getting to school, but, I understand, it entails a certain loss of social status.
A young man doesn't like to be driven up in front of a school in a car driven by a girl who isn't even in a higher class than he is, and is also a girl.
Why don't you walk to school then?
I suggested.
My father walked, through two miles of snow, in Illinois.
Did you?
I was asked.
No, I said, I didn't happen to grow up in Illinois.
I explained, however, that I had my share of hardship in making my daily pilgrimage to the feet of wisdom.
I had to ride a streetcar two miles.
Sometimes the streetcar was late.
Sometimes there weren't even any seats.
I had to stand up, with the ladies.
Sometimes I got on the wrong car and didn't get to school at all, but wound up at the ocean, or some other dismal place, and had to spend the day there.
I've tried to compromise by letting them take the little car now and then.
When they do that my wife has to drive me to work in the big car.
She has to have at least one car herself.
I feel a certain loss of status when I am driven up in front of work in a car driven by my wife, who is only a woman.
Even that isn't satisfactory.
If they have to take any car, they'd rather take the big one.
They say that when they take a car, Gloriana doesn't take her car, but rides with them.
But when Gloriana rides with them they also have to take the two girls who usually ride with her, so the little car isn't big enough.
The logic of that is impeccable, of course, except that I feel like a fool being driven up to work in a little car, by my wife, when everybody knows I have a big car and am capable of driving myself.
The solution, naturally, is the bus.
However, it's a half-mile walk down a steep hill from our house to the bus, and it's too hard on my legs.
My wife could drive us down the hill and we could all walk from there.
But that's hardly realistic.
Nobody walks anymore but crackpots and Harry Truman, and he's already got an education.
Advance publicity on the Los Angeles Blue Book does not mention names dropped as did the notices for the New York Social Register which made news last week.
Published annually by William Hord Richardson, the 1962 edition, subtitled Society Register of Southern California, is scheduled to arrive with Monday morning's postman.
Publisher Richardson has updated the Blue Book but it still remains the compact reference book used by so many for those ever-changing telephone numbers, addresses, other residences, club affiliations and marriages.
Stars for marriage stars throughout the volume denote dates of marriages during the past year.
Last two to be added before the book went to press were the marriages of Meredith Jane Cooper, daughter of the Grant B. Coopers, to Robert Knox Worrell, and of Mary Alice Ghormley to Willard Pen Tudor.
Others are Carla Ruth Craig to Dan Mc*farland Chandler Jr. ; Joanne Curry, daughter of the Ellsworth Currys, to James Hartley Gregg, and Valerie Smith to James Mc*alister Duque.
Also noted are the marriages of Elizabeth Browning, daughter of the George L. Brownings, to Austin C. Smith Jr. ; Cynthia Flower, daughter of the Ludlow Flowers Jr., to Todd Huntington, son of the David Huntingtons.
Pasadena listings listed as newly wed in the Pasadena section of the new book are Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Moody Haskins 3.
She is the former Judy Chapman, daughter of John S. Chapman of this city.
The young couple live in Pasadena.
Another marriage of note is that of Jane Mc*alester and William Louis Pfau.
Changes in address are noted.
For instance, the Edwin Pauleys Jr., formerly of Chantilly Rd., are now at home on North Arden Dr. in Beverly Hills.
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Moulton now live on Wilshire and the Franklin Moultons on S. Windsor Blvd..
The Richard Beesemyers, formerly of Connecticut, have returned to Southern California and are now residing on South Arden Blvd..
But the Raoul Esnards have exchanged their residence in Southern California for Mexico City.
More new addresses Judge and Mrs. Julian Hazard are now at Laguna Beach, while the Frank Wangemans have moved from Beverly Hills to New York, where he is general manager of the Waldorf-*astoria Hotel.
And Lawrence Chase, son of the Ransom Chases, is listed at his new address in Oxford, Eng..
Others listed at new addresses are the Richard T. Olerichs, the Joseph Aderholds Jr., the Henri De La Chapelles, the John Berteros and Dr. and Mrs. Egerton Crispin, the John Armisteads, the Allen Chases, the Howard Lockies, the Thomas Lockies, and Anthony Longinotti.
Newcomers of social note from other parts of the country are the Ray Carbones, formerly of Panama ; the Geddes Mac*gregors, formerly of Scotland, and Mr. and Mrs. Werner H. Althaus, formerly of Switzerland.
Here's an idea for a child's room that is easy to execute and is completely charming, using puppets for lamp bases.
Most children love the animated puppet faces and their flexible bodies, and they prefer to see them as though the puppets were in action, rather than put away in boxes.
Displayed as lamps, the puppets delight the children and are decorative accent.
To create such a lamp, order a wired pedestal from any lamp shop.
Measure the puppet to determine the height of the light socket, allowing three to four inches above the puppet's head.
Make sure that the metal tube through which the wire passes is in the shape of an inverted *j, the foot of the *j about three inches long, so that the puppet can hang directly under the light.
Pulling strings using the strings that manipulate the puppet, suspend him from the light fixture by tying the strings to the lamp base.
In this way, you can arrange his legs and arms in any desired position, with feet, or one foot, barely resting on the pedestal.
If the puppets are of uniform size, you can change them in accord with your child's whims.
Although a straight drum shade would be adequate and sufficiently neutral that the puppets could be changed without disharmony, it is far more fun to create shades in the gay spirit of a child's playtime.
Those illustrated are reminiscent of a circus top or a merry-go-round.
The scalloped edge is particularly appealing.
Today's trend toward furniture designs from America's past is teaching home-owners and decorators a renewed respect for the shrewd cabinetmakers of our Colonial era.
A generation ago there were plenty of people who appreciated antiques and fine reproductions.
In the background lurked the feeling, however, that these pieces, beautiful as they were, lacked the utilitarian touch.
So junior's bedroom was usually tricked out with heavy, nondescript pieces that supposedly could take the hard knocks, while the fine secretary was relegated to the parlor where it was for show only.
This isn't true of the many homemakers of the 1960's, according to decorator consultant, Leland Alden.
Housewives are finding literally hundreds of ways of getting the maximum use out of traditional designs, says Mr. Alden and they are doing it largely because Colonial craftsmen had an innate sense of the practical.
Solid investment there are a number of reasons why the Eighteenth Century designer had to develop down to earth designs -- or go out of business.
Hotel Escape's Bonanza room has a real bonanza in its new attraction, the versatile Kings 4 Plus Two.
This is the strongest act to hit the area in a long while -- a well integrated, fast moving outfit specializing in skits, vocals, comedy and instrumentals all of it distinctly displaying the pro touch.
Show spotlights the Kings -- George Worth, Bill Kay, Frank Ciciulla and Gene Wilson, flanked by Dave Grossman and Ron Stevens.
The Plus Two remain at a fixed position with drums and guitar but the quartet covers the stage with a batch of instruments ranging from tuba to tambourine, and the beat is solid.
In the comedy division, the Kings simply augment talent and imagination with a few props.
Net result is some crazy-wonderful nonsense, part of which can be classed as pure slapstick.
Kings 4 have rated as a popular act in Vegas and Western nightclubs.
If they can't chalk up big business here then let's stop this noise about how hip we are, and stick to our community singing, elsewhere Andy Bartha and his trio have booked into Oceania Lounge.
The Cumbancheros, Latin combo, open Tuesday at the Four O'*clock Club.
Flip Phillips for a return engagement at Fireside Steak Ranch Wednesday ; same date, Johnny La*salle trio to the Jolly Roger.
Dick Carroll and his accordion ( which we now refer to as Freida ) held over at Bahia Cabana where Sir Judson Smith brings in his calypso capers Oct. 13.
Johnny Leighton picked up some new numbers out in Texas which he's springing on the ringsiders in the Rum House at Galt Ocean Mile Hotel.
Skip Hovarter back in town from a summer in the Reno-*lake Tahoe area where he ran into Rusty Warren, Kay Martin, the Marskmen and Tune Toppers -- all pulling good biz, he says.
We like Fike Al Fike, an ex-schoolteacher from Colorado, is currently pursuing the three *j -- rhythm, reminiscence and repartee -- in a return class session at the Trade Winds Hotel.
Al has added some sidemen to the act which makes for a smoother operation but it's substantially the same format heard last spring.
Newcomers are Ernie Kemm on piano, Wes Robbins, bass and trumpet, and Jack Kelly on drums.
It's a solid show but, except for some interim keyboarding by Ernie, it's Al's all the way.
Maestro's biggest stock in trade is his personality, and ability to establish a warm rapport with his audience.
He skips around from jazz, to blues to boogie -- accompanying himself on piano and frequently pulling the customers in on the act.
This is a bouncy show which may get a little too frantic at times, but is nevertheless worth your appraisal.
New owners Cafe Society opens formally this afternoon under its new ownership.
George Kissak is the bossman ; Terry Barnes has been named manager.
Spot retains the same decor although crystal chandeliers have been installed above the terrace dining area, and the kitchen has undergone a remodeling job.
Latter domain, under the guidance of Chef Tom Yokel, will specialize in steaks, chops, chicken and prime beef as well as Tom's favorite dish, stuffed shrimp.
Bandstand features Hal De*cicco, pianist, for both dinner hour and the late trade.
The Tic-*tac-*toe trio is the club's new show group which also plays for dancing.
Here and there Herbert Heilman in town for a day.
Hubie's restaurant activities up in Lorain, Ohio, may preclude his return here until after Oct. 20, date set for reopening the Heilman Restaurant on Sunman Restaurant on Sunrise.
Louise Franklin cornering the gift shop market in Lauderdale.
Vivacious redhead debuts another shop, her sixth, in the Governor's Club Hotel this week.
Sunday New Orleans brunches continue at the Trade Winds but the daily French buffets have been called off.
Mackey Airline's new Sunshine Inn at Bimini set to open some time this month, according to Hank Johnson.
Student Prince Lounge on Atlantic Blvd. plotting a month-long festival throughout October, with special features.
Don Drinkhouse of Pal's Restaurant planning a reunion with the Miami Playboy Club's pianist, Julian Gould.
Two were in the same band 18 years ago ; Don, who played drums, hasn't seen his chum since.
Steak House has such a run on beer to wash down that Mexican food Tex Burgess had to call the draft man twice in one day.
( which is understandable -- if you've ever sampled the exotic, peppery fare.
) faces in places Pualani and Randy Avon, Dave Searles, George ( Papa ) Gill, Al Bandish, Jim Morgart, Bob Neil at the Mouse Trap.
Billy and Jean Moffett at the Rickshaw.
Bea Morley, Jimmy Fazio, Jim O'*hare, Ralph Michaels, Bill and Evelyn Perry at the Escape.
Murphy honors hear that Patricia Murphy flies up to St. John's Newfoundland, next Sunday to attend the government's special ceremonies at Memorial University honoring distinguished sons and daughters of the island province.
Miss Murphy was born in Placentia, Newfoundland.
Her invitation from Premier Joseph Smallwood is reported to be the only one extended to a woman.
Fort Lauderdale -- the first in a series of five productions will be held in War Memorial Auditorium Thursday, Oct. 26.
Le Theatre D'*art Du Ballet, of Monte Carlo, will present a program of four ballets including Francesca Da Rimini.
Performers include a company of 46 dancers and a symphony orchestra.
The series of ballets is sponsored by the Milenoff Ballet Foundation, Inc., a non-profit foundation with headquarters in Coral Gables.
Also set for appearances at the auditorium this season are : American Ballet Theatre on Jan. 27, Ximenez-*vargas Ballet Espagnol on Feb. 2 ; Jorge Bolet, pianist, on Feb. 23 ; and Dancers of Bali on March 8.
Hollywood -- a Southeast Library Workshop will be held here Oct. 9, conducted by Mrs. Gretchen Schenk of Summerdale, Ala., author, lecturer and library leader.
The workshop will begin at 10 a.m. and end at 3 p.m. in the auditorium of the Library and Fine Arts Building.
There is no registration fee but there will be a charge of $2.50 for the luncheon to be held in the library and fine arts building.
Anyone interested in attending the meeting may have reservations with Mrs. John Whelan at the Hollywood Public Library.
At the workshop, Mrs. Schenk will discuss the board and the staff, librarian-board relationships, personnel policies, how good is our librarian and staff, how good am I as a library board member and how good is our library.
Other workshops will be in Tallahassee Oct. 5 ; Jacksonville, Oct. 6 ; Orlando, Oct. 10 ; Plant City Oct. 11.
Fort Lauderdale -- a series of high school assemblies to acquaint junior and senior students with the Junior Achievement program begins at St. Thomas Aquinas Monday.
Subsequent assemblies will be held at Stranahan High School Tuesday, at Pompano Beach High Wednesday, and at Fort Lauderdale high Thursday.
The business education program operates with the cooperation of local high schools and business firms.
Is there anything a frustrated individual can do about Communism's growing threat on our doorstep and around the world?
More than 300 teenagers last Sunday proved there is and as many more are expected to prove it again for Jim Kern and his wife Lynn from 4 to 8 p.m. Sunday at First Presbyterian Church.
At that time the second half of the Christian Youth Crusade against Communism will be staged.
A young real estate salesman, Kern first got seriously interested in the problems posed by Communism when in the Navy Air Force.
He was particularly struck by a course on Communist brainwashing.
Kern began reading a lot about the history and philosophy of Communism, but never felt there was anything he, as an individual, could do about it.
When he attended the Christian Anti-*communist Crusade school here about six months ago, Jim became convinced that an individual can do something constructive in the ideological battle and set out to do it.
The best approach, he figured, was to try to influence young people like the high schoolers he and his wife serve as advisors at First Presbyterian Church.
And he wanted to be careful that the kids not only learn about Communist but also about what he feels is the only antidote -- a Biblically strong Christianity.
So the Christian Youth Crusade against Communisn developed and more than 300 top teenagers and 65 adult advisers from Presbyterian churches of the area sat enthralled at the four-hour program.
This Sunday those attending the second session will hear a lecture by Kern on the world situation ; a review of the philosophy of Communist leaders by Ted Slack, another real estate agent who became interested as a philosophy major at the University of Miami ; and talks on how their Christian faith can guide them in learning about and fighting Communism during high school and college days, by Ted Place, director of Greater Miami Youth for Christ, and Jon Braun, director of Campus Crusade for Christ.
The second half of the film Communism on the Map and the movie Operation Abolition also will be shown.
Response to the program has been so encouraging, Kern said, that a city-wide youth school at Dade County Auditorium may be set up soon.
And to encourage other churches to try their own programs, Kern said this Sunday's sessions -- including the free dinner -- will be open to anyone who makes reservations.
The need for and the way to achieve a Christian home will be stressed in special services marking National Christian Family Week in Miami area churches next week.
Of particular meaning to the Charles Mac*whorter family, 3181 *j 24th Ter., will be the Family Dedication Service planned for 10:50 a.m. Sunday at First Christian Church.
It will be the second time the assistant manager of a Coral Gables restaurant and his wife have taken part in the twice-a-year ceremonies for families with new babies.
The first one, two years ago, changed the routine of their home life.
When you stand up in public and take vows to strive to set an example before your children and to teach them the fundamentals of the Christian faith, you strive a little harder to uphold those vows, explains the slender vice president of the young couples Sunday school class.
Until that first dedication service, he and Lois felt their children were too young to take part in any religious life at home.
They have five daughters -- Coral Lee, 5, Glenda Rae, 4, Pamela, 3, Karen, 2, and Shari, five months.
But after that service, they decided to try to let the girls say grace at the table, have bedtime prayers, and Bible stories.
To their surprise, the children all were eager and quite able to take part.
Even the two-year-old feels miffed if the family has a prayer-time without her.
Dade's chief probation officer, Jack Blanton, will lead a discussion on The Changes in the American Family at 7:30 p.m. Sunday at Christ Lutheran Church.
Mr. and Mrs. George Treadwell will be honored at a Family Week supper and program at 6 p.m. Sunday at Trinity Methodist Church.
He is the sexton of the church.
A family worship service will follow the program at 7:45 p.m..
The outstanding family of Central Nazarene Church will be picked by ballot from among eight families during the 10:45 a.m. Sunday service marking National Family Week.
Every family of Riviera Presbyterian Church has been asked to read the Bible and pray together daily during National Christian Family Week and to undertake one project in which all members of the family participate.
To start the week of special programs at the church, the Rev. John D. Henderson will preach on A Successful Marriage at 9:40 and 11 a.m. Sunday.
New officers of the church will be ordained and installed at the 7:30 p.m. service.
A father and son dinner sponsored by the Men's Club will be held at 6:15 p.m. Monday and the annual church picnic at 4 p.m. next Saturday.
The week will end with the Rev. Mr. Henderson preaching on The Marriage Altar at 7:30 p.m. Sunday, May 14.
The resignation of the Rev. Warren I. Densmore, headmaster of St. Stephen's Episcopal Day School in Coconut Grove, becomes effective July 15.
Enrique Jorda, conductor and musical director of the San Francisco Symphony, will fulfill two more guest conducting engagements in Europe before returning home to open the symphony's Golden Anniversary season, it was announced.
The guest assignments are scheduled for November 14 and 18, with the Orchestra Sinfonica Siciliana in Palermo and the Orchestra of Radio Cologne.
The season in San Francisco will open with a special Gala Concert on November 22.
During his five-month visit abroad, Jorda recently conducted the Orchestre Philharmonique De Bordeau in France, and the Santa Cecilia Orchestra in Rome.
In announcing Jorda's return, the orchestra also announced that the sale of single tickets for the 50th anniversary season will start at the Sherman Clay box office on Wednesday.
Guest performers and conductors during the coming season will include many renowned artists who began their careers playing with the orchestra, including violinists Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, Ruggiero Ricci and David Abel ; pianists Leon Fleisher, Ruth Slenczynka and Stephen Bishop and conductor Earl Bernard Murray.
The Leningrad Kirov Ballet, which opened a series of performances Friday night at the Opera House, is, I think, the finest classical ballet company I have ever seen, and the production of the Petipa-*tschaikowsky Sleeping Beauty with which it began the series is incomparably the finest I have ever had the pleasure of witnessing.
This work is no favorite of mine.
I am prepared to demonstrate at anytime that it represents the spirit of Imperial Russia in its most vulgar, infantile, and reactionary aspect ; that its persistent use by ballet companies of the Soviet regime indicates that that old spirit is just as stultifying alive today as it ever was ; that its presentation in this country is part of a capitalist plot to boobify the American people ; that its choreography is undistinguished and its score a shapeless assemblage of self-plagiarisms.
All of this is true and all of it is totally meaningless in the face of the Kirov's utterly captivating presentation.
Precise the reasons for this enchantment are numerous, but most of them end in ova, eva, or aya.
In other words, no merely male creature can resist that corps de ballet.
It seems to have been chosen exclusively from the winners of beauty contests -- Miss Omsk, Miss Pinsk, Miss Stalingr oops, skip it.
These qualities alone, however, would not account for their success, and it took me a while to discover the crowning virtue that completes this company's collective personality.
It is a kind of friendliness and frankness of address toward the audience which we have been led to believe was peculiar to the American ballet.
Oh-the-pain-of-it, that convention of Russian ballet whereby the girls convey the idea that they are all the daughters of impoverished Grand Dukes driven to the stage out of filial piety, is totally absent from the Kirov.
This is all the more remarkable because the Kirov is to ballet what Senator Goldwater is to American politics.
But, obviously, at least some things have changed for the better in Russia so far as the ballet is concerned.
Irina Kolpakova, the Princess Aurora of Friday's performance, would be a change for the better anywhere, at any time, no matter who had had the role before.
She is the most beautiful thing you ever laid eyes on, and her dancing has a feminine suavity, lightness, sparkle, and refinement which are simply incomparable.
Hit Alla Sizova, who seems to have made a special hit in the East, was delightful as the lady Bluebird and her partner, Yuri Soloviev, was wonderfully virile, acrobatic, and poetic all at the same time, in a tradition not unlike that of Nijinsky.
Vladilen Semenov, a fine danseur noble ; Konstantin Shatilov, a great character dancer ; and Inna Zubkovskaya, an excellent Lilac Fairy, were other outstanding members of the cast, but every member of the cast was magnificent.
The production, designed by Simon Virsaladze, was completely traditional but traditional in the right way.
It was done with great taste, was big and spacious, sumptuous as the dreams of any peasant in its courtly costumes, but sumptuous in a muted, pastel-like style, with rich, quiet harmonies of color between the costumes themselves and between the costumes and the scenery.
Evegeni Dubovskoi conducted an exceptionally large orchestra, one containing excellent soloists -- the violin solos by the concertmaster, Guy Lumia, were especially fine -- but one in which the core of traveling players and the body of men added locally had not had time to achieve much unity.
Mail orders are now being received for the series of concerts to be given this season under the auspices of the San Francisco Chamber Music Society.
The season will open at the new Hall of Flowers in Golden Gate Park on November 20 at 8:30 p.m. with a concert by the Mills Chamber Players.
Sustaining members may sign up at $25 for the ten-concert season ; annual members may attend for $16.
Participating members may attend five of the concerts for $9 ( not all ten concerts as was erroneously announced earlier in The Chronicle ).
Mail orders for the season and orders for single tickets at $2, may be addressed to the society, 1044 Chestnut Street, San Francisco 9.
San Francisco firemen busied themselves last week with their annual voluntary task of fixing up toys for distribution to needy children.
Fire Fighters Local 798, which is sponsoring the toy program for the 12th straight year, issued a call for San Franciscans to turn in discarded toys, which will be repaired by off-duty firemen.
Toys will not be collected at firehouses this year.
They will be accepted at all branches of the Bay View Federal Savings and Loan Association, at a collection center in the center of the Stonestown mall, and at the Junior Museum, 16th Street and Roosevelt Way.
From the collection centers, toys will be taken to a warehouse at 198 Second street, where they will be repaired and made ready for distribution.
Any needy family living in San Francisco can obtain toys by writing to Christmas Toys, 676 Howard street, San Francisco 5, and listing the parent's name and address and the age and sex of each child in the family between the ages of 1 and 12.
Requests must be mailed in by December 5.
Famed cellist Pablo Casals took his instrument to the East Room of the White House yesterday and charmed the staff with a two-hour rehearsal.
He was getting the feel of the room for a concert tomorrow night for Puerto Rico Governor Luis Munoz Marin.
President Kennedy's invitation to the Spanish-born master said, we feel your performance as one of the world's greatest artists would lend distinction to the entertainment of our guests.
For a good many seasons I've been looking at the naughty stuff on television, so the other night I thought I ought to see how immorality is doing on the other side of the fence in movies.
After all, this year's movies are next year's television shows.
So I went to see La Dolce Vita.
It has been billed as a towering monument to immorality.
All the sins of ancient Rome are said to be collected into this three-hour film.
If that's all the Romans did, it's a surprise to me that Rome fell.
After television, La Dolce Vita seems as harmless as a Gray Line tour of North Beach at night.
I cannot imagine a single scene that isn't done in a far naughtier manner on *j every week.
I believe T*v watchers will be bored.
La Dolce Vita has none of the senseless brutality or sadism of the average T*v Western.
Week in, week out, there is more sex to be seen in The Adventures Of Ozzie And Harriet.
There is more decadence on 77 Sunset Strip.
There are more obvious nymphomaniacs on any private-eye series.
In another respect, television viewers will feel right at home because most of the actors are unknowns.
With the exception of Lex Barker and Anita Ekberg, the credits are as unfamiliar as you'll find on the Robert Herridge Theater.
Most of the emphasis has been placed on a wild party at a seaside villa.
Producer Fellini should have looked at some of the old silent films where they really had parties ] the Dolce Vita get-together boasted a strip tease ( carried as far as a black slip ) ; a lady drunk on her hands and knees who carries the hero around on her back while he throws pillow feathers in her face ; a frigid beauty, and three silly fairies.
Put them all together and they spell out the only four-letter word I can think of : dull.
Apparently Fellini caught the crowd when its parties had begun to pall.
What a swinging group they must have been when they first started entertaining ] as a moral shocker it is a dud.
But this doesn't detract from its merit as an interesting, if not great, film.
The Chronicle's Paine Knickerbocker summed it up neatly : this is a long picture and a controversial one, but basically it is a moral, enthralling and heartbreaking description of humans who have become unlinked from life as perhaps Rome has from her traditional political, cultural and religious glories.
And when they sell it to television in a couple of years, it can be shown without editing.
Tonight Atlantic Monthly editor Edward Weeks moderates a round table of four Russian writers in a discussion of Soviet literature.
Among the subjects discussed will be Russian restrictions on poets and writers in the *j ( Channel 9 at 9:30 ).
Person To Person ventilates the home lives of Johnny Mercer and Joan Collins -- both in Southern California ( Channel 5 at 10:30 ) *j Summer Music Festival features a live concert by the Capello De Musica ( Channel 9 at 8:30 ).
*j N*b*c plans a new series of three long programs exploring America's scientific plans titled Threshold, to start in the fall.
Science In Action, San Francisco's venerable television program, will be seen in Hong Kong this fall in four languages : Mandarin, Cantonese, Chiuchow and English, according to a tip from Dr. Robert C. Miller.
And you think you have language problems.
The week went along briskly enough.
I bought a new little foreign bomb.
It is a British bomb.
Very austere yet racy.
It is very chic to drive foreign cars.
With a foreign car you must wear a cap -- it has a leather band in the back.
You must also wear a car coat.
The wardrobe for a foreign bomb is a little expensive.
But we couldn't really get along without it.
Where do you put the lighter fluid, ha, ha?
Asked the gas station man.
The present crop of small cars is enriching American humor.
Gas station people are very debonair about small cars.
When I drove a car with tail fins, I had plenty status at the wind-and-water oases.
My car gulped 20 gallons without even wiping its mouth.
This excellent foreign bomb takes only six.
When I had my big job with the double headlights and yards of chrome, the gas people were happy to see me.
Tires O*k?
Check the oil and water, sir?
They polished the windshield.
They had a loving touch.
The man stuck the nozzle in the gas tank.
What kind of car is it?
He asked gloomily.
It is a British Austin, the smallest they make.
Get much mileage?
About 35.
The gas station man sighed unhappily.
What I always say is what if somebody clobbers you in a little car like that?
Crunch, that's all she wrote.
I will die rich.
That will be $1.80, said the gas station man.
The windshield looks pretty clean.
Ah, the fair-weather friends of yesteryear ] when I wheeled about, finned fore and aft, I was the darling of the doormen.
Dollar bills skidded off my hands and they tipped their caps politely.
With a small bomb, I tuck it between Cadillacs.
( the last doorman that saw me do that should calm himself.
High blood pressure can get the best of any of us.
) at last the White House is going to get some much-copied furniture by that master American craftsman, Duncan Phyfe, whose designs were snubbed in his lifetime when the U. S. Presidents of the 19th Century sent abroad for their furnishings.
The American Institute of Decorators has acquired a rare complete set of sofas and chairs which are to be placed in the Executive Mansion's library.
The suite has been in the same family since the early 1800's.
The gift is being presented by heirs and descendants of the Rutherford family of New Jersey, whose famous estate, Tranquility, was located near the Duncan Phyfe workshop at Andover, N. J..
Authenticated pieces of Duncan Phyfe furniture are uncommon, although millions of American homes today display pieces patterned after the style trends he set 150 years ago.
This acquisition is a matched, perfect set -- consisting of two sofas six feet long, plus six sidechairs and two armchairs.
The *j has undertaken the redecoration of the White House library as a project in connection with the work being done by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy's Fine Arts Advisory Committee to secure antiques for the presidential home.
It is the *j intention to create in the library a miniature museum of Americana before completed refurbishing is unveiled early this fall.
The room will also feature another rarity many antiquarians would consider more important than the Duncan Phyfe furniture.
The *j has found a mantlepiece attributed to Samuel Mc*intyre of Salem, Mass., an architect and woodcarver who competed for the designing of the Capitol here in 1792.
The mantel was found in a recently demolished Salem house and is being fitted over the White House library fireplace.
It will be painted to match the paneling in the room.
The *j committee's chairman in charge of the redecoration, Mrs. Henry Francis Lenygon, was in town yesterday to consult with White House staff members on the project.
Mrs. Lenygon's committee associates, announced formally yesterday by the *j in New York, include Mrs. Allen Lehman Mc*cluskey and Stephen J. Jussel, both wellknown Manhattan decorators.
Regional representatives appointed to serve from each section of the country include Frank E. Barnes of Boston.
President Kennedy couldn't stay away from his desk for the 75-minute young people's concert played on the White House lawn yesterday by the 85-piece Transylvania Symphony Orchestra from Brevard, N. C..
But he left the doors to his office open so he could hear the music.
At 4 p.m. the President left the White House to welcome the young musicians, students from the ages of 12 to 18 who spend six weeks at the Brevard Music Center summer camp, and to greet the 325 crippled, cardiac and blind children from the District area who were special guests at the concert.
It was the first in the series of Concerts for Young People by Young People to be sponsored by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy at the White House.
She was not present yesterday, however, to enjoy the music or watch the faces of the delighted audience.
She is vacationing at the Kennedy summer home in Hyannis Port, Mass., and in his welcoming remarks, the President said he was representing her.
As he approached the open bandstand, erected facing the South entrance to the Executive Mansion, the band struck up the Star Spangled Banner and followed it with Hail To The Chief.
I think they played Hail To The Chief better than the Marine Corps Band, and we are grateful to them, President Kennedy remarked after mounting the bandstand and shaking hands with conductor James Christian Pfohl.
After paying tribute to the conductor and his white-clad youthful students, President Kennedy said, as an American I have the greatest possible pride in the work that is being done in dozens of schools stretching across the United States -- schools where devoted teachers are studying with interested young men and women and opening up the whole wide horizon of serious music.
He added I think that sometimes in this country we are not aware as we should be of the extraordinary work that is being done in this field.
Displaying his knowledge of music, the New England-born President remarked that probably the best chamber music in the world is played in Vermont, by young Americans -- and here in this school where they have produced extraordinary musicians and teachers, and their work is being duplicated all across the United States.
This is a great national cultural asset, and therefore it is a great source of satisfaction to me, representing as I do today my wife, to welcome all of you here today at the White House.
As he left the bandstand to return to his office, the slender, sun-tanned Chief Executive paused along the way to shake hands with the members of the audience in wheel chairs forming the first row under the field tent set up for the guests.
He expressed surprise to learn that pretty, blonde Patricia Holbrook, 16, of Mount Rainier, had attended the Joseph P. Kennedy School for the Handicapped in Boston.
The nuns there do a wonderful work, the President commented.
Patricia now attends the C. Melvin Sharpe Health School in the District.
Each of the children invited to the concert wore a name tag marked with a red, white and blue ribbon.
They enjoyed lemonade and cookies served before and during the concert by teenage sons and daughters of members of the White House staff.
Many of the music-loving members of the President's staff gathered around the tent listening and watching the rapt attention given by the young seated audience.
And it turned out to be more of a family affair than expected.
Henry Hall Wilson, a student at the music camp 25 years ago and now on the President's staff as liaison representative with the House of Representatives, turned guest conductor for a Sousa march, the Stars and Stripes Forever.
Transylvania Symphony Conductor Pfohl said yesterday that Mrs. Kennedy's Social Secretary, Letitia Baldrige, told about plans for White House youth concerts before the National Symphony Orchestra League in Philadelphia last spring.
He said he contacted a friend, Henry Hall Wilson, on the President's staff and asked whether his orchestra could play in the series.
A flow of correspondence between Pfohl and Miss Baldrige resulted in an invitation to the 85-student North Carolina group to play the first concert.
One of the most interested students on the tour which the Brevard group took at the National Gallery yesterday following their concert at the White House, was Letitia Baldrige, social secretary to First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy.
I was an art major in college, Miss Baldrige explained.
I've been here so many times I couldn't count them.
She turned out to be a fan, too, of Margaret Bouton, the Gallery's associate curator of education.
Miss Bouton headed up one of the four groups that went on simultaneous tours after the Gallery had closed at 5 p.m..
The Brevard group of 85 arrived at the Gallery at 6 p.m., remaining for about 45 minutes.
The Brevard visitors had very little to say at the beginning of the tour but warmed up later.
They decided that they thought Rembrandt's self-portrait made him look sad ; they noticed Roman buildings in the background of Raphael's Alba Madonna and texture in a Monet painting of Rheims Cathedral.
Everybody had heard of Van Gogh, the French impressionist.
Gallery Director John Walker greeted the group, standing on one of the benches in the downstairs lobby to speak to them.
He pointed out to the young musicians that the National Gallery is the only museum in the country to have a full-time music director, Richard Bales.
I'm sure you've heard of him and his record, The Confederacy.
Along with the gallery aide who explained the various paintings and sculptures to each group, went one of the Gallery's blue-uniformed guards.
In 45 minutes, the Gallery leaders had given the students a quick rundown on art from the Renaissance to the late 19th Century.
A few of them said they preferred contemporary art.
Among the other artists, whose paintings were discussed were Boucher, Courbet, Fra Angelico.
The thing that impressed one of the visitors the most was the Gallery's rotunda fountain because it's on the second floor.
That imposing, somewhat austere, and seemingly remote collonaded building with the sphynxes perched on its threshold at 1733 16th St. nw. took on bustling life yesterday.
More than 250 Scottish Rite Masons and guests gathered in their House of the Temple to pay tribute to their most prominent leader, Albert Pike, who headed the Scottish Rite from 1859 to 1891.
They came together in the huge, high-ceilinged Council Chamber to hear the late leader eulogized.
C. Wheeler Barnes of Denver, head of the Scottish Rite in Colorado, praised Pike as a historian, author, poet, journalist, lawyer, jurist, soldier and musician, who devoted most of his mature years to the strengthening of the Masonic Order.
The ceremony ended with the laying of a wreath at the crypt of Pike in the House of the Temple.
A reception and tea followed.
About 1500 delegates are expected to register today for the biennial session of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States.
The opening session of the 5-day session will begin at 10 a.m. today.
There will be a pilgrimage to Mount Vernon at 2:30 p.m..
A wreath will be placed at the tomb of George Washington, one of this Nation's first Masons -- a past master of Washington-*alexandria Lodge 22 in Alexandria.
The marriage of John and Mary Black had clearly reached the breaking point after eight years.
John had a job in a small firm where the work was dull and monotonous.
He would come home in the evening tired and discouraged -- in no frame of mind to play with their three children, or spend much time chatting with his wife.
Hurt by his lack of interest and attention, Mary complained often that he didn't help around the house, and that he didn't really care about the family.
She accused him of ignoring her.
He in turn told her she demanded too much.
They were both discouraged, disgusted and miserable.
Mary decided she had had enough.
Without any definite plan in mind, she went to a judge to see what could be done.
The judge listened quietly as the young woman poured out her frustrations -- then discussing with her the possibility of seeking aid from Family Service before going to a lawyer.
Family Service, sharing in *j, has five agencies in the Washington area.
They offer to the people of this community case work service and counseling on a wide variety of family problems.
Because neither of them really wanted their marriage to break up, Mr. and Mrs. Black agreed to a series of interviews at Family Service of Northern Virginia, the agency nearest them.
For nearly a year, they have been receiving counseling, separately and together, in an effort to understand and overcome the antagonisms which had given rise to the possibility of divorce.
The interviews have led each of them to a new appreciation of the problems confronting the other.
They are now working together toward solving their difficulties.
John received a promotion in his firm.
He gives credit for the promotion to his new outlook on life.
Mary is cheery and gay when her husband comes home in the evenings, and the children's bed-time is frequently preceeded by a session of happy, family rough-housing.
To outsiders, the Blacks seem to be an ordinary, happy family, and they are -- but with a difference.
They know the value of being just that -- an ordinary, happy family.
Family Service has helped hundreds of families in this area.
Perhaps to some their work does not seem particularly vital.
But to the families it serves, their help cannot be measured.
Family Service could not open its doors to a single family without the financial support of the United Givers Fund.
Anticipated heavy traffic along the Skyline Drive failed to materialize yesterday, park rangers said, and those who made the trip got a leisurely view of the fall colors through skies swept clear of haze.
For crucial encounter one of the initial questions put to President Kennedy at his first news conference last January was about his attitude toward a meeting with Premier Khrushchev.
Mr. Kennedy replied : I'm hopeful that from more traditional exchanges we can perhaps find greater common ground.
The President knew that a confrontation with Mr. Khrushchev sooner or later probably was inevitable and even desirable.
But he was convinced that the realities of power -- military, economic and ideological -- were the decisive factors in the struggle with the Communists and that these could not be talked away at a heads of government meeting.
He wanted to buy time to strengthen the U. S. and its allies and to define and begin to implement his foreign policy.
Last Friday the White House announced : President Kennedy will meet with Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev in Vienna June 3 and 4.
The announcement came after a period of sharp deterioration in East-*west relations.
The heightened tension, in fact, had been a major factor in the President's change of view about the urgency of a meeting with the Soviet leader.
He was not going to Vienna to negotiate -- the simultaneous announcements in Washington and Moscow last week stressed that no formal negotiations were planned.
But Mr. Kennedy had become convinced that a personal confrontation with Mr. Khrushchev might be the only way to prevent catastrophe.
That objective set the high stakes and drama of the Vienna meeting.
Despite efforts by Washington last week to play down the significance of the meeting, it clearly was going to be one of the crucial encounters of the cold war.
Road to Vienna the U. S. and Soviet heads of Government have met three times since Sir Winston Churchill in 1953 introduced a new word into international diplomacy with his call for a fresh approach to the problem of peace at the summit of the nations.
The first time was in 1955 when a full-dress Big Four summit meeting produced the spirit of Geneva.
The spirit served chiefly to lull the West while Moscow made inroads into the Middle East.
In 1959 President Eisenhower and Premier Khrushchev held an informal session in the U. S..
That meeting produced the spirit of Camp David -- a spirit, it later turned out, that masked a basic misunderstanding about progress toward a Berlin settlement.
On the third occasion -- another Big Four summit session at Paris a year ago -- there was no problem of an illusory spirit.
Premier Khrushchev wrecked the conference at its initial session with a bitter denunciation of the U. S. for the *j incident.
The episode tended to confirm the U. S. belief that propaganda, the hope of one-sided concessions, and the chance to split the Allies, rather than genuine negotiation, were the Soviet leader's real aims in summitry.
Pre-inaugural position thus when Premier Khrushchev intimated even before inauguration that he hoped for an early meeting with the new President, Mr. Kennedy was confronted with a delicate problem.
Shortly before his nomination he had set forth his basic view about the problem of negotiations with the Soviet leader in these words : as long as Mr. Khrushchev is convinced that the balance of world power is shifting his way, no amount of either smiles or toughness, neither Camp David talks nor kitchen debates, can compel him to enter fruitful negotiations.
The President had set for himself the task, which he believed vital, of awakening the U. S. and its allies to the hard and complex effort necessary to shift that balance.
He did not want the effort weakened by any illusion that summit magic might make it unnecessary.
He wanted time, too, to review the United States' global commitments and to test both the policies he had inherited and new ones he was formulating.
Above all, he did not want to appear to be running hat in hand to Premier Khrushchev's doorstep.
Attitude flexible at the same time the President took pains not to rule out an eventual meeting with the Soviet leader.
Ideally, he knew, it should be preceded by concrete progress at lower levels.
But Mr. Kennedy saw value even in an informal meeting, provided that undue hopes were not raised in connection with it.
It would give him an opportunity to take the measure of his chief adversary in the cold war, to try to probe Mr. Khrushchev's intentions and to make clear his own views.
Moreover, an eventual meeting was desirable if for no other reason than to satisfy world opinion that the U. S. was not inflexible and was sparing no effort to ease international tensions.
Both elements -- the caution about a meeting, the willingness eventually to hold one -- were reflected in a letter from the President which Ambassador Llewellyn E. Thompson brought back to Russia late in February.
The letter, dated Feb. 22, was delivered to Premier Khrushchev in Novosibirsk, Siberia, on March 9.
It dealt mainly with a broad range of East-*west issues.
But it also briefly suggested the possibility of a meeting with Mr. Khrushchev before the end of the year if the international climate were favorable and schedules permitted.
Developments over the next two months, however, caused the President to reconsider the question of the timing.
There were intense discussions in the inner councils of the White House about the advisability of an early meeting, not because the international climate was improving, but precisely because it was deteriorating alarmingly.
Deadlock on tests the President was especially concerned about the deadlock in the nuclear test ban negotiations at Geneva.
The deadlock has been caused by the Russians' new demand for a three-man ( East, West and neutral ) directorate, and thus a veto, over the control machinery.
In the U. S., strong pressures have been building up for a resumption of tests on grounds that the Russians may be secretly testing.
Mr. Kennedy was less troubled by that possibility than by the belief that a Geneva breakdown, or even continued stalemate, would mean an unchecked spread of nuclear weapons to other countries as well as a fatal blow to any hope for disarmament.
There was reason to believe that Premier Khrushchev was also concerned about a possible spread of nuclear weapons, particularly to Communist China.
The question arose as to whether a frank discussion of that danger with the Soviet leader had not become urgent.
Moreover, Moscow appeared determined to apply the tripartite veto principle to the executive organs of all international bodies, including the U. N. Secretariat and the International Control Commission for Laos.
Mr. Kennedy was convinced that insistence on the demand would make international agreements, or even negotiations, impossible.
Developments in Cuba and Laos also suggested the advisability of an early summit meeting.
Initially the White House reaction was that the bitter exchanges with Moscow over Cuba and the conflict in Laos had dampened prospects for a meeting.
At the same time, there was increased reason for a quick meeting lest the Soviet leader, as a result of those episodes, come to a dangerously erroneous conclusion about the West's ability and determination to resist Communist pressure.
In Cuba, the U. S. had blundered badly and created the impression of impotency against Communist penetration even on its own doorstep.
In Laos, the picture was almost equally bad.
U. S. willingness to accept a neutral Laos may have led Premier Khrushchev to believe that other areas could be neutralized on Soviet terms.
Beyond that, Allied disagreement about military intervention in Laos -- despite warnings that they might do so -- allowed Moscow to carry out with impunity a series of military and diplomatic moves that greatly strengthened the pro-*communist forces.
As a result, the West is in a poor bargaining position at the current Geneva negotiations on Laos, and South Vietnam and other nations in Southeast Asia are under increased pressure.
In the light of those events, there appeared to be a real danger that Premier Khrushchev might overreach himself.
Ambassador Thompson reported from Moscow that the Soviet leader's mood was cocky and aggressive.
He has indicated that he plans new moves on Berlin before the year is out.
The President and his advisers felt that the time might have come to warn Premier Khrushchev against a grave miscalculation in areas such as Berlin, Iran or Latin America from which there would be no turning back.
It was in the midst of such White House deliberations that Premier Khrushchev on May 4 made new inquiries through the U. S. Embassy in Moscow about a meeting with the President in the near future.
Mr. Kennedy told Moscow he would give his answer by May 20 after consultation with the Allies.
The response from London, Paris and Bonn was favorable.
Firm arrangements for the meeting in Vienna were worked out in a final exchange between Moscow and Washington last week.
Apparently at the insistence of the U. S., the simultaneous announcements issued in Washington and Moscow last Friday emphasized the informal nature of the meeting.
The Washington announcement said : the President and Chairman Khrushchev understand that this meeting is not for the purpose of negotiating or reaching agreement on the major international problems that involve the interest of many other countries.
The meeting will, however, afford a timely and convenient opportunity for the first personal contact between them and a general exchange of views on the major issues which affect the relationships between the two countries.
The outlook the Vienna meeting will bring together a seasoned, 67-year-old veteran of the cold war who, in Mr. Kennedy's own words, is shrewd, tough, vigorous, well-informed and confident, and a 44-year-old President ( his birthday is May 29 ) with a demonstrated capacity for political battle but little experience in international diplomacy.
The announcement last week of the forthcoming encounter produced strong reactions in the U. S. of both approval and disapproval.
The approval did not arise from an expectation of far-reaching agreements at Vienna.
The inclination was to accept the statement that there would be no formal negotiations.
But those who were in favor of the meeting felt that a frank exchange between the two men and an opportunity to size one another up would prove salutary.
Mr. Khrushchev is known to rely heavily on his instincts about his adversaries and to be a shrewd judge of men.
The feeling was that he would sense an inner core of toughness and determination in the President and that plain talk by Mr. Kennedy would give him pause.
Apart from the personal equation, another reason advanced in favor of the meeting was that too often in the past the U.*s. appeared to have been dragged reluctantly to the summit.
Premier Khrushchev has made propaganda capital out of that fact and in the end got his summit meeting anyway.
This time the initiative came, in part at least, from Washington.
Other allies consulted there was also the fact that by the time he meets Mr. Khrushchev, the President will have completed conversations with all the other principal Allied leaders.
Thus he will be in a position to disabuse the Soviet leader of any notions he may have about grave Allied disunity.
Finally, there was a wide area of agreement on the value of the President's making a final effort in the summit spotlight for a nuclear test accord.
There is no single issue that has aroused stronger feelings throughout the world.
If tests are to be resumed, the argument went, it is vital that the U. S. make plain that the onus belongs to the Soviet Union.
Disapproval of the meeting was based largely on the belief that the timing could hardly be worse.
After Cuba and Laos, it was argued, Mr. Khrushchev will interpret the President's consent to the meeting as further evidence of Western weakness -- perhaps even panic -- and is certain to try to exploit the advantage he now believes he holds.
Moreover, the President is meeting the Soviet leader at a time when the Administration has still not decided on the scope of America's firm foreign policy commitments.
The question was raised, for example, as to what attitude the President would take if Mr. Khrushchev proposes a broad neutral belt extending from Southeast Asia to the Middle East.
There are, so my biologist friends tell me, mechanisms of adaptation and defense that are just too complete and too satisfactory.
Mollusks are a case in point.
The shell, which served the strain so well at a relatively early stage in the evolutionary scheme, tended to cancel out the possibility of future development.
Though this may or may not be good biology, it does aptly illustrate the strength and the weakness of American Catholic higher education.
There can be no doubt that the American Catholic accomplishment in the field of higher education is most impressive : our European brethren never cease to marvel at the number and the size of our colleges and universities.
The deeper wonder is how this miracle was accomplished in decades, rather than in centuries and by immigrant minorities at that.
By way of explanation we ourselves are prone to imagine that this achievement stems from the same American Catholic zeal and generosity which brought the parochial school system into existence.
There is, however, one curious discrepancy in this broad and flattering picture.
Viewing the American Catholic educational achievement in retrospect, we may indeed see it as a unified whole extending from grade school to university.
But the simple truth is that higher education has never really been an official American Catholic project ; certainly not in the same sense that the establishment of a parochial school system has been a matter of official policy.
Official encouragement is one thing, but the down-to-earth test is the allocation of diocesan and parochial funds.
American Catholics have responded generously to bishops' and pastors' appeals for the support necessary to create parochial schools but they have not contributed in a similar fashion to the establishment of institutions of higher learning.
They have not done so for the simple reason that such appeals have hardly ever been made.
Diocesan authorities generally have not regarded this as their direct responsibility.
All of this may be understandable enough : it is, however, in fact difficult to see how diocesan authorities could have acted otherwise.
Yet for better or for worse, the truth of the matter is that most American Catholic colleges do not owe their existence to general Catholic support but rather to the initiative, resourcefulness and sacrifices of individual religious communities.
Community esprit de corps has been the protective shell which has made the achievement possible.
To understand the past history -- and the future potential -- of American Catholic higher education, it is necessary to appreciate the special character of the esprit de corps of the religious community.
It is something more than the arithmetical sum of individual totals of piety and detachment.
A religious community with a vital sense of mission achieves a degree of group orientation and group identification seldom found elsewhere.
The fact that the group orientation and group identification are founded on supernatural principles and nourished by the well-springs of devotion simply give them a deeper and more satisfying dimension.
The net result is a uniquely satisfying sense of comradeship, the kind of comradeship which sparks enthusiasm and blunts the cutting edge of sacrifice and hardship.
American Catholic colleges and universities are, in a very real sense, the product of private enterprise -- the private enterprise of religious communities.
Had it not been for such private enterprise, diocesan authorities might of course have been goaded into establishing institutions subsidized by diocesan funds and parish collections and staffed by religious as paid employees.
There is however no point in speculating about such a possibility : the fact of the matter is that our institutions of higher learning owe their existence to a spirit not unlike that which produces the family business.
This family-community spirit is the real explanation of the marvel of our achievement.
It is this spirit which explains some of the anomalies of American Catholic higher education, in particular the wasteful duplication apparent in some areas.
I think for example of three women's colleges with pitifully small enrollments, clustered within a few miles of a major Catholic university, which is also co-educational.
This is not an isolated example ; this aspect of the total picture has been commented upon often enough.
It would seem to represent esprit de corps run riot.
Apart, however, from the question of wasteful duplication, there is another aspect of the family business spirit in American Catholic higher education which deserves closer scrutiny.
For while the past needs of the Church in this country may have been adequately met by collegiate institutions, which in temper and tone closely resembled junior colleges and finishing schools, it would seem that today's need is for the college which more closely resembles the university in its pursuit of excellence.
At the earlier pre-academic excellence stage of Catholic education, the operation could be conducted on an intra-mural community basis.
But with today's demand for professional qualifications and specialized training, the need for outsiders becomes more pressing.
The problem is not merely that more outside teachers are needed but that a different brand is called for.
Commenting on the earlier stage, the Notre Dame Chapter of the American Association of University Professors ( in a recent report on the question of faculty participation in administrative decision-making ) noted that the term teacher-employee ( as opposed to, e.g., maintenance employee ) was a not inapt description.
Today however, the outsider is likely to have professional qualifications of the highest order ( otherwise the college would not be interested in hiring him ) and to be acclimatized to the democratic processes of the secular or state university.
And while no one expects total democracy on the academic scene, the scholar will be particularly sensitive to a line between first and second class citizenship drawn on any basis other than that of academic rank or professional achievement.
In the above mentioned report of the Notre Dame Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, the basic outlook of the new breed of lay faculty emerges very clearly in the very statement of the problem as the members see it : even with the best of intentions he ( the President of the university ) is loath to delegate such authority and responsibility to a group the membership of which, considered ( as it must be by him ) in individual terms, is inhomogeneous, mortal and of extremely varying temperament, interests and capabilities.
It is natural that he should turn for his major support to a select and dedicated few from the organization which actually owns the university and whose goals are, in their opinion, identified with its highest good and ( to use that oft-repeated phrase ) the attainment of excellence.
The pattern here pictured is clearly not peculiar to Notre Dame : it is simply that the paradox involved in this kind of control of the institution by the organization which actually owns it, becomes more obvious where there is a larger and more distinguished outside faculty.
It is particularly interesting that those who framed the report should refer to the organization which actually owns the university : this seems to show an awareness of the fact that there is more to the problem than the ordinary issue of clerical-lay tension.
But in any case, one does not have to read very closely between the lines to realize that the situation is not regarded as a particularly happy one.
Outside faculty members want to be considered partners in the academic enterprise and not merely paid employees of a family business.
There are two reasons why failure to come to grips with this demand could be fatal to the future of the Catholic university.
In the first place there is the obvious problem of recruiting high caliber personnel.
Word spreads rapidly in the tightly knit academic profession, much given to attending meetings and conferences.
Expressions of even low-key dissatisfaction by a Catholic college faculty member has the effect of confirming the already existing stereotype.
In the academic world there is seldom anything so dramatic as a strike or a boycott : all that happens is that the better qualified teacher declines to gamble two or three years of his life on the chance that conditions at the Catholic institution will be as good as those elsewhere.
To appreciate the nature of the gamble, it should be realized that while college teaching is almost a public symbol of security, that security does not come as quickly or as automatically as it does in an elementary school system or in the Civil Service.
Much has been made of the fact that major Catholic institutions now guarantee firm tenure.
This is a significant advance but its import should not be exaggerated.
When a man invests a block of his years at a university without gaining the coveted promotion, not only is he faced with the problem of starting over but there is also a certain depreciation in the market value of his services.
A man does not make that kind of gamble if he suspects that one or more of the limited number of tenure positions is being reserved for members of the family.
Just as it is possible to exaggerate the drawing power of the new tenure practices, it is also possible to exaggerate the significance of the now relatively adequate salaries paid by major Catholic institutions.
Adequate compensation is indispensable.
Yet adequate compensation -- and particularly merely adequate compensation is no substitute for those intangibles which cause a man to sacrifice part of his earning potential by taking up college teaching in the first place.
Broadly speaking the total Catholic atmosphere is such an intangible but the larger demand is for a sense of creative participation and mature responsibility in the total work of the university.
Religious who derive their own sense of purpose through identification with the religious community rather than the academic community are prone to underestimate both the layman's reservoir of idealism and his need for this identification.
There is no need here to spell out the conditions of creative teaching except to point out that, at the college level, the sense of community and of community responsibility is even more necessary than it is at other levels.
The college teacher needs the stimulus of communication with other faculty members but he also needs to feel that such communication, even informal debates over the luncheon table, are a contribution to the total good of the institution.
But this in turn means that decisions are not merely imposed from the top but that there be some actual mechanism of faculty participation.
The second reason for being concerned with the dichotomy between faculty members who are part of the in-group that owns and operates the institution and those who are merely paid employees, is, therefore, the baneful effect on the caliber of the teaching itself.
This is a problem that goes considerably beyond questions of salary and tenure.
Yet though it may seem difficult to envision any definitive resolution of the problem of ownership and control, there are nevertheless certain suggestions which seem to be in order.
The first is a negative warning : there is no point in the creation of faculty committees and advisory boards with high-sounding titles but no real authority.
In the case of academic personnel the feeling of participation can hardly be faked.
Competent teachers are well versed in the technique of leading students to pre-set conclusions without destroying the students' illusion that they are making their own decisions.
Those who have served as faculty advisers are too familiar with the useful but artificial mechanisms of student government to be taken in by busy-work and ersatz decision making.
In any case it is by no means clear that formally structured organs of participation are what is called for at all.
In the Notre Dame report, reference was made to the fact that faculty members were reduced to luncheon-table communication.
In itself there is nothing wrong with this form of participation : the only difficulty on the Catholic campus is that those faculty members who are in a position to implement policy, i.e., members of the religious community which owns and administers the institution, have their own eating arrangements.
Sen. John L. Mc*clellan of Arkansas and Rep. David Martin of Nebraska are again beating the drums to place the unions under the anti-monopoly laws.
Once more the fallacious equation is advanced to argue that since business is restricted under the anti-monopoly laws, there must be a corresponding restriction against labor unions : the law must treat everybody equally.
Or, in the words of Anatole France, the law in its majestic equality must forbid the rich, as well as the poor, from begging in the streets and sleeping under bridges.
The public atmosphere that has been generated which makes acceptance of this law a possibility stems from the disrepute into which the labor movement has fallen as a result of Mr. Mc*clellan's hearings into corruption in labor-management relations and, later, into the jurisdictional squabbles that plagued industrial relations at the missile sites.
The Senator was shocked by stoppages over allegedly trivial disputes that delayed our missile program.
In addition, disclosures that missile workers were earning sums far in excess of what is paid for equivalent work elsewhere provoked his indignation on behalf of the American taxpayer who was footing the bill.
It is now disclosed that the taxpayer not only pays for high wages, but he pays the employers' strike expenses when the latter undertakes to fight a strike.
Business Week ( Aug. 9, 1961 ) reports that the United Aircraft Company, against which the International Association of Machinists had undertaken a strike, decided to keep its plants operating.
The company incurred some $10 million of expenses attributable to four factors : advertising to attract new employees, hiring and training them, extra overtime, and defective work performed by the new workers.
The company has billed the United States Government for $7,500,000 of these expenses under the Defense Department regulation allowing costs of a type generally recognized as ordinary and necessary for the conduct of the contractor's business.
Rep. Frank Kowalski of Connecticut has brought this problem to the attention of the Armed Services Committee.
The committee remains unresponsive.
Neither has Congressman Martin nor Senator Mc*clellan been heard from on the matter ; they are preoccupied with ending labor abuses by extending the anti-monopoly laws to the unions.
The recent publicity attending the successful federal prosecution of a conspiracy indictment against a number of electrical manufacturers has evoked a new respect for the anti-trust laws that is justified neither by their rationale nor by the results they have obtained.
The anti-trust laws inform a business that it must compete, but along completely undefined lines ; it must play a game in which there never is a winner.
The fact is that any business that wants to operate successfully cannot follow the law.
Hypocrisy thus becomes the answer to a foolish public policy.
Let us look at the heavy-electrical-goods industry in which General Electric, Westinghouse and a number of other manufacturers were recently convicted of engaging in a conspiracy to rig prices and allocate the market.
The industry is so structured that price-setting by a multi-product company will vary with the way overhead charges are allocated -- whether marginal or average pricing is applied.
The problem becomes even more complex where an enterprise is engaged in the manufacture of a wide variety of other goods in addition to the heavy electrical equipment.
Accounting procedures can be varied to provide a rationale for almost any price.
Naturally, enterprises of the size of General Electric are in a position to structure their prices in such a way that the relatively small competitors can be forced to the wall in a very short time.
Should these giants really flex their competitive muscles, they would become the only survivors in the industry.
Uncle Sam would then accuse them of creating a monopoly by unfair competition.
But if they show self-restraint, they don't get the orders.
Under the circumstances, the only protection for the relatively small manufacturers is to engage in exactly the kind of conspiracy with the giants for which the latter were convicted.
Engaging in such a conspiracy was an act of mercy by the giants.
The paradox implicit in the whole affair is shown by the demand of the government, after the conviction, that General Electric sign a wide-open consent decree that it would not reduce prices so low as to compete seriously with its fellows.
In other words, the anti-trust laws, designed to reduce prices to the consumer on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, become a tool to protect the marginal manufacturer on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
And which theory would govern the enforcers of the law on Sunday?
The question might be asked : don't the managements of the heavy-electrical-goods manufacturers know these facts?
Why did they engage in a flood of mea culpas, throw a few scapegoats to the dogs and promise to be good boys thereafter, expressing their complete confidence in the laws?
The past usefulness of the anti-trust laws to management was explained by Thurman Arnold, in The Folklore of Capitalism, back in 1937.
He wrote : ( P. 211 ) the anti-trust laws were the answer of a society which unconsciously felt the need of great organizations, and at the same time had to deny them a place in the moral and logical ideology of the social structure.
( P. 214 ) anti-trust laws became the greatest protection to uncontrolled business dictatorship.
( P. 215 ) when corporate abuses were attacked, it was done on the theory that criminal penalties would be invoked rather than control.
In this manner, every scheme for direct control broke to pieces on the great protective rock of the anti-trust laws.
( Pp. 228-229 ) in any event, it is obvious that the anti-trust laws did not prevent the formation of some of the greatest financial empires the world has ever known, held together by some of the most fantastic ideas, all based on the fundamental notion that a corporation is an individual who can trade and exchange goods without control by the government.
This escape from control has led to management's evaluating the risk of occasional irrational prosecution as worth while.
A plea of nolo contendere, followed by a nominal fine, after all is a small price to pay for this untrammeled license.
( the penalties handed out in the electrical case, which included jail sentences, were unprecedented in anti-trust prosecutions, perhaps because the conspirators had displayed unusual ineptness in their pricing activities.
) if a substitute mechanism is needed for the control of a fictitious impersonal market, quite obviously some method must be devised for representing the public interest.
A secret conspiracy of manufacturers is hardly such a vehicle.
However, one can argue that no such control is necessary as long as one pretends that the anti-trust laws are effective and rational.
Quite clearly the anti-trust laws are neither effective nor rational -- and yet the argument goes that they should be extended to the labor union.
Those who favor placing trade unions under anti-trust laws imply that they are advocating a brand new reform.
Before 1933, individuals who opposed trade unions and collective bargaining said so in plain English.
The acceptance of collective bargaining as a national policy in 1934, implicit in the writing of Section 7*a of the National Industrial Recovery Act, has made it impolitic to oppose collective bargaining in principle.
The Wagner Act, the Taft-*hartley Act and the Landrum-*griffin Act all endorse the principle of collective bargaining.
The basic purpose of an effective collective-bargaining system is the removal of wages from competition.
If a union cannot perform this function, then collective bargaining is being palmed off by organizers as a gigantic fraud.
The tortured reasoning that unions use to deny their ambition to exercise monopoly power over the supply and price of labor is one of the things that create a legal profession.
The problem must be faced squarely.
If laborers are merely commodities competing against each other in a market place like so many bags of wheat and corn ( unsupported, by the way, by any agricultural subsidy ), then they may be pardoned for reacting with complete antagonism to a system that imposes such status upon them.
Human labor was exactly that -- a commodity -- in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century America.
As early as 1776, Adam Smith wrote in The Wealth Of Nations : we have no acts of Parliament against combining to lower the price of work ; but many against combining to raise it.
Eighteenth-century England, upon whose customs our common law was built, had outlawed unions as monopolies and conspiracies.
In 1825, the Boston house carpenters' strike for a ten-hour day was denounced by the organized employers, who declared : it is considered that all combinations by any classes of citizens intended to effect the value of labor tend to convert all its branches into monopolies.
There were no pious hypocrisies then about being for collective bargaining, but against labor monopoly.
The courts shared the opinion of the employers.
In people vs. Fisher, Justice Savage of the New York Supreme Court declared : without any officious and improper interference on the subject, the price of labor or the wages of mechanics will be regulated by the demand for the manufactured article and the value of that which is paid for it ; but the right does not exist to raise the wages of the mechanic by any forced and artificial means.
Compare this statement of a nineteenth-century judge with how Congressman Martin, according to the Daily Labor Report of Sept. 19, 1961, defends the necessity of enacting anti-trust legislation in the field of labor if we wish to prevent monopolistic fixing of wages, production or prices and if we wish to preserve the freedom of the employer and his employees to contract on wages, hours and conditions of employment.
Senator Mc*clellan is proposing the application of anti-trust measures to unions in transportation.
His bill, allegedly aimed at Hoffa, would amend the Sherman, Clayton and Norris-*la*guardia acts to authorize the issuance of federal injunctions in any transportation strike and would make it illegal for any union to act in concert with any other union -- even a sister local in the same international.
Paradoxically, the same week in which Senator Mc*clellan was attempting to extend the anti-trust act to labor in transportation, the Civil Aeronautics Board was assuring the airlines that if they met in concert to eliminate many costly features of air travel, the action would not be deemed a violation of the anti-trust act.
Indeed, it is in the field of transportation that Congress has most frequently granted employers exemption from the anti-trust laws ; for example, the organization of steamship conferences to set freight rates and the encouragement of railroads to seek mergers.
At the very moment that every attempt is being made to take management out from under the irrationality of anti-trust legislation, a drive is on to abolish collective bargaining under the guise of extending the anti-monopoly laws to unions who want no more than to continue to set wages in the same way that ship operators set freight rates.
The passage of the Sherman Act was aimed at giant monopolies.
It was most effective against trade unions.
In the famous Danbury Hatters case, a suit was brought against the union by the Loewe Company for monopolistic practices, e.g., trying to persuade consumers not to purchase the product of the struck manufacturer.
The suit against the union was successful and many workers lost their homes to pay off the judgment.
In 1914, the Clayton Act attempted to take labor out from under the anti-trust legislation by stating that human labor was not to be considered a commodity.
The law could not suspend economics.
Labor remained a commodity -- but presumably a privileged one granted immunization from the anti-trust laws.
The courts, by interpretation, emasculated the act.
In 1922, the United Mine Workers struck the Coronado Coal Company.
The company sued under the anti-trust laws, alleging that the union's activity interfered with the movement of interstate commerce.
( what other purpose could a striking union have but to interrupt the flow of commerce from the struck enterprise?
) the court first ruled that the strike constituted only an indirect interference with commerce.
The nation the three-front war at a closed-door session on Capitol Hill last week, Secretary of State Christian Herter made his final report to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on U.*s. affairs abroad.
Afterward, Tennessee's Democratic Senator Albert Gore summed it up for newsmen.
What Herter presented, said Gore, was not a very encouraging review.
That was something of an understatement in a week when the underlying conflict between the West and Communism erupted on three fronts.
While Communists were undermining United Nations efforts to rescue the Congo from chaos, two other Communist offensives stirred the Eisenhower Administration into emergency conferences and serious decisions.
1 Cuba.
Hours after a parade of his new Soviet tanks and artillery, Dictator Fidel Castro suddenly confronted the U.*s. with a blunt and drastic demand : within 48 hours, the U.*s. had to reduce its embassy and consulate staffs in Cuba to a total of eleven persons ( the embassy staff alone totaled 87 U.*s. citizens, plus 120 Cuban employees ).
President Eisenhower held an 8:30 a.m. meeting with top military and foreign-policy advisers, decided to break off diplomatic relations immediately.
There is a limit to what the United States in self-respect can endure, said the President.
That limit has now been reached.
Through Secretary Herter, Ike offered President-elect Kennedy an opportunity to associate his new Administration with the breakoff decision.
Kennedy, through Secretary-designate of State Dean Rusk, declined.
He thus kept his hands free for any action after Jan. 20, although reaction to the break was generally favorable in the U.*s. and Latin America ( see the hemisphere ).
2 Laos.
After a White House huddle between the President and top lieutenants, the Defense Department reacted sharply to a cry from the pro-*western government of Laos that several battalions of Communist troops had invaded Laos from North Viet Nam.
In view of the present situation in Laos, said the Pentagon's announcement, we are taking normal precautionary actions to increase the readiness of our forces in the Pacific.
Cutting short a holiday at Hong Kong, the aircraft carriers Lexington and Bennington steamed off into the South China Sea, accompanied by a swarm of destroyers, plus troopships loaded with marines.
On the U.*s.'s island base of Okinawa, Task Force 116, made up of Army, Navy, Marine and Air Force units, got braced to move southward on signal.
But by week's end the Laotian cry of invasion was read as an exaggeration ( see foreign news ), and the U.*s. was agreeing with its cautious British and French allies that a neutralist -- rather than a pro-*western -- government might be best for Laos.
French & Indians.
There was a moral of sorts in the Laotian situation that said much about all other cold-war fronts.
Political, economic and military experts were all agreed that chaotic, mountainous little Laos was the last place in the world to fight a war -- and they were probably right.
It would be like fighting the French and Indian War all over again, said one military man.
But why was Laos the new Southeast Asian battleground?
At Geneva in 1954, to get the war in Indo-*china settled, the British and French gave in to Russian and Communist Chinese demands and agreed to the setting up of a Communist state, North Viet Nam -- which then, predictably, became a base for Communist operations against neighboring South Viet Nam and Laos.
The late Secretary of State John Foster Dulles considered the 1954 Geneva agreement a specimen of appeasement, saw that resolution would be needed to keep it from becoming a calamity for the West.
He began the diplomatic discussions that resulted in the establishment of *j.
The important thing from now on, he said, is not to mourn the past but to seize the future opportunity to prevent the loss in northern Viet Nam from leading to the extension of Communism throughout Southeast Asia.
Russian tanks and artillery parading through the streets of Havana, Russian intrigue in the Congo, and Russian arms drops in Laos ( using the same Ilyushin transports that were used to carry Communist agents to the Congo ) made it plain once more that the cold war was all of a piece in space and time.
Soviet Premier Khrushchev sent New Year's hopes for peace to President-elect Kennedy, and got a cool acknowledgment in reply.
Considering the state of the whole world, the cold war's three exposed fronts did not seem terribly ominous ; but, in Senator Gore's words, it was not a very encouraging situation that would confront John F. Kennedy on Inauguration Day.
The Congress turmoil in the House as the 87th Congress began its sessions last week, liberal Democrats were ready for a finish fight to open the sluice gates controlled by the House Rules Committee and permit the free flow of liberal legislation to the floor.
The liberal pressure bloc ( which coyly masquerades under the name Democratic Study Group ) had fought the committee before, and had always lost.
This time, they were much better prepared and organized, and the political climate was favorable.
They had the unspoken support of President-elect Kennedy, whose own legislative program was menaced by the Rules Committee bottleneck.
And counting noses, they seemed to have the votes to work their will.
Deadly deadlock.
There were two possible methods of breaching the conservative barriers around the Rules Committee : 1 ) to pack it with additional liberals and break the conservative-liberal deadlock, or 2 ) to remove one of the conservatives -- namely Mississippi's 14-term William Meyers Colmer ( pronounced Calmer ).
Caucusing, the liberals decided to go after Colmer, which actually was the more drastic course, since seniority in the House is next to godliness.
A dour, gangling man with a choppy gait, Colmer looks younger than his 70 years, has gradually swung from a moderate, internationalist position to that of a diehard conservative.
He is generally and initially suspicious of any federal project, unless it happens to benefit his Gulf Coast constituents.
He is, of course, a segregationist, but he says he has never made an anti-*negro speech.
For 20 years he has enjoyed his power on the Rules Committee.
There his vote, along with those of Chairman Howard Smith, the courtly Virginia judge, and the four Republican members, could and often did produce a 6-6 deadlock that blocked far-out, Democratic-sponsored welfare legislation ( a tactic often acceptable to the Rayburn-*johnson congressional leadership to avoid embarrassing votes ).
Equal treatment.
There was sufficient pretext to demand Colmer's ouster : he had given his lukewarm support to the anti-*kennedy electors in Mississippi.
Reprisals are not unheard of in such situations, but the recent tendency has been for the Congress to forgive its prodigal sons.
In 1949 the Dixiecrats escaped unscathed after their 1948 rebellion against Harry Truman, and in 1957, after Congressman Adam Clayton Powell campaigned for Dwight Eisenhower in 1956, his fellow Democrats did not touch his committee assignments, although they did strip him temporarily of his patronage.
( in the heat of the anti-*colmer drive last week, Judge Smith threatened reprisal against Powell.
Said he : we will see whether whites and Negroes are treated the same around here.
) but Speaker Sam Rayburn, after huddling in Palm Beach with President-elect Kennedy, decided that this year something had to be done about the Rules Committee -- and that he was the only man who could do anything effective.
In a tense, closed-door session with Judge Smith, Rayburn attempted to work out a compromise : to add three new members to the Rules Committee ( two Democrats, including one Southerner, and one Republican ).
Smith flatly rejected the offer, and Mister Sam thereupon decided to join the rebels.
The next morning he summoned a group of top Democrats to his private office and broke the news : he would lead the fight to oust Colmer, whom he is said to regard as an inferior man.
News of Rayburn's commitment soon leaked out.
When Missouri's Clarence Cannon got the word, he turned purple.
Unconscionable ] he shouted, and rushed off to the Speaker's Room to object : a dangerous precedent ] Cannon, a powerful, conservative man, brought welcome support to the Smith-*colmer forces : as chairman of the Appropriations Committee, he holds over each member the dreadful threat of excluding this or that congressional district from federal pork-barrel projects.
Sitting quietly on an equally big pork barrel was another Judge Smith ally, Georgia's Carl Vinson, chairman of the Armed Services Committee.
Threat of war.
As the battle raged in the cloakrooms and caucuses, it became clear that Judge Smith could lose.
His highest count of supporters numbered 72 -- and he needed nearly twice that number to control the 260-member Democratic caucus.
The liberals, smelling blood, were faced with the necessity of winning three big votes -- in the Democratic Committee on Committees, in the full party caucus, and on the floor of the House -- before they could oust Colmer.
( one big question : if Colmer was to be purged, what should the House do about the other three senior Mississippians who supported the maverick electors?
) in all three arenas, they seemed certain of victory -- especially with Sam Rayburn applying his whiplash.
But in the prospect of winning the battle loomed the specter of losing a costlier war.
If the Southerners were sufficiently aroused, they could very well cut the Kennedy legislative program to ribbons from their vantage point of committee chairmanships, leaving Sam Rayburn leading a truncated, unworkable party.
With that possibility in mind, Arkansas' Wilbur Mills deliberately delayed calling a meeting of the Committee on Committees, and coolheaded Democrats sought to bring Rayburn and Smith together again to work out some sort of face-saving compromise.
Here are two old men, mad at each other and too proud to pick up the phone, said a House Democratic leader.
One wants a little more power, and the other doesn't want to give up any.
Battle in the senate the Senate launched the 87th Congress with its own version of an ancient liberal-conservative battle, but in contrast with the House's guerrilla war it seemed as pro forma as a Capitol guide's speech.
Question at issue : how big a vote should be necessary to restrict Senate debate -- and thereby cut off legislation-delaying filibusters?
A wide-ranging, bipartisan force -- from Minnesota's Democratic Hubert Humphrey to Massachusetts' Republican Leverett Saltonstall -- was drawn up against a solid phalanx of Southern Democrats, who have traditionally used the filibuster to stop civil rights bills.
New Mexico's Clint Anderson offered a resolution to change the Senate's notorious Rule 22 to allow three-fifths of the Senators present and voting to cut off debate, instead of the current hard-to-get two-thirds.
Fair Dealer Humphrey upped the ante, asked cloture power for a mere majority of Senators.
Georgia's Dick Russell objected politely, and the battle was joined.
Privately, the liberals admitted that the Humphrey amendment had no chance of passage.
Privately, they also admitted that their hopes for Clint Anderson's three-fifths modification depended on none other than Republican Richard Nixon.
In 1957 Nixon delivered a significant opinion that a majority of Senators had the power to adopt new rules at the beginning of each new Congress, and that any rules laid down by previous Congresses were not binding.
Armed with the Nixon opinion, the Senate liberals rounded up their slim majority and prepared to choke off debate on the filibuster battle this week.
Hopefully, the perennial battle of Rule 22 then would be fought to a settlement once and for all.
Republicans last act since Election Day, Vice President Richard Nixon had virtually retired -- by his own wish -- from public view.
But with the convening of the new Congress, he was the public man again, presiding over the Senate until John Kennedy's Inauguration.
One day last week, Nixon faced a painful constitutional chore that required him to officiate at a joint session of Congress to hear the official tally of the Electoral College vote, and then to make sufficient declaration of the election of the man who defeated him in the tight 1960 presidential election.
Nixon fulfilled his assignment with grace, then went beyond the required sufficient declaration.
This is the first time in 100 years that a candidate for the presidency announced the result of an election in which he was defeated, he said.
The Masters golf tournament proved last Monday what it can do to the strongest men and the staunchest nerves.
Gary Player, the small, trim South African, was the eventual winner, but in all his 25 years he never spent a more harrowing afternoon as he waited for the victory to drop in his lap.
Arnold Palmer, the defending champion, lost his title on the 72nd hole after a few minutes of misfortune that left even his fellow pros gaping in disbelief.
Just when you think you have it licked, this golf course can get up and bite you, Player had said one afternoon midway through the tournament.
And that is just what happened on the last few holes.
The Augusta National Golf Club Course got up and bit both Player and Palmer.
Player was the first to feel its teeth.
After playing a splendid first nine holes in 34 -- two strokes under par -- on this fifth and final day of the tournament ( Sunday's fourth round had been washed out by a violent rainstorm when it was only half completed ), Player's game rapidly fell to pieces.
He bogeyed the 10th.
After a journey through woods and stream he double-bogeyed the 13th.
He bogeyed the 15th by missing a short putt and finally scrambled through the last three holes without further mishap for a 2-over-par 74 and a 72-hole total of 280.
As he signed his scorecard and walked off the course, Player was almost in tears.
He could read on the nearby scoreboard that Palmer, by then playing the 15th hole, was leading him by a stroke.
Palmer had started the round four strokes behind Player, and at one point in the afternoon had trailed by as many as six strokes.
Now all he had to do was finish in even par to collect the trophy and the biggest single paycheck in golf.
When Palmer hit a good straight drive up the fairway on the 72nd hole, he seemed to have the championship won.
But the seven-iron shot he used to approach the green strayed into a bunker and lodged in a slight depression.
In trying to hit it out with a sand wedge Palmer bounced the ball over the green, past spectators and down the slope toward a *j tower.
Afterwards, Palmer told Charlie Coe, his last-round partner, that he simply played the hole too fast.
He did seem hasty on his second and third shots, but then there was an agonizing wait of several minutes while Coe graciously putted out, giving Palmer a chance to recover his composure, which he had quite visibly lost.
When the shaken Palmer finally did hit his fourth shot, he overshot the hole by 15 feet.
Palmer was now putting merely for a tie, and Player, who was sitting beside his wife and watching it all on television in Tournament Chairman Clifford Roberts' clubhouse apartment, stared in amazement when Palmer missed the putt.
Palmer's 281 for the four rounds at Augusta was a comfortable four strokes ahead of the next closest pro, but it was barely good enough for a second-place tie with Coe.
The lean and leathery Oklahoma amateur, who has been playing topnotch tournament golf for many years, refused to let the Masters jitters overtake him and closed the tournament with his second straight 69.
End at seven until late last Saturday afternoon Palmer had played seven consecutive rounds of golf at the Masters -- four last year and three this -- without ever being out of first place.
As evening approached and Palmer finished his Saturday round with a disappointing one-over-par 73, this remarkable record was still intact, thanks to his Thursday and Friday rounds of 68 and 69.
His three-round total of 210 was three strokes better than the next best score, a 213 by Bill Collins, the tall and deliberate Baltimorean who had been playing very well all winter long.
But Palmer knew, as did everybody else at Augusta, that his streak was about to be broken.
Half an hour after he finished his round, Player holed out at the 18th green with a 69 and a three-round total of 206, four strokes ahead of Palmer.
More than a streak had ended.
Long after the erratic climate and the washed-out final round on Sunday have become meteorological footnotes, the 1961 Masters will be remembered as the scene of the mano a mano between Arnold Palmer and Gary Player.
Unlike most such sports rivalries, it appeared to have developed almost spontaneously, although this was not exactly the case.
When the winter tour began at Los Angeles last January there was no one in sight to challenge Palmer's towering prestige.
As if to confirm his stature, he quickly won three of the first eight tournaments.
Player won only one.
But as the tour reached Pensacola a month ago, Player was leading Palmer in official winnings by a few hundred dollars, and the rest of the field was somewhere off in nowhere.
On the final round at Pensacola, the luck of the draw paired Palmer and Player in the same threesome and, although it was far from obvious at the time, the gallery was treated to the first chapter of what promises to be one of the most exciting duels in sport for a long time to come.
On that final Sunday at Pensacola neither Palmer nor Player was leading the tournament and, as it turned out, neither won it.
But whichever of these two finished ahead of the other would be the undisputed financial leader of the tour.
Player immediately proved he was not in the least awed by the dramatic proximity of Palmer.
He outplayed Palmer all around the course and finished with a tremendous 65 to Palmer's 71.
Thereafter, until the Masters, Player gradually increased his lead over Palmer in winnings and added one more tournament victory at Miami.
When they reached Augusta last week, together they had won five of the 13 tournaments to date.
Instant rivalry on Thursday, the first day of the Masters, the contest between Palmer and Player developed instantly.
It was a dismal, drizzly day but a good one on which to score over the Augusta National course.
The usually skiddy greens were moist and soft, so the golfers were able to strike their approach shots boldly at the flag-stick and putt firmly toward the hole without too much worry about the consequences.
Palmer's 4-under-par 68 got him off to an early lead, which he shared with Bob Rosburg.
But Player was only one stroke back, with a 69.
Even so, it was still not clear to many in the enormous horde of spectators -- unquestionably the largest golf crowd ever -- that this tournament was to be, essentially, a match between Palmer and Player.
A lot of people were still thinking about Jack Nicklaus, the spectacular young amateur, who had a 70 ; or Ken Venturi, who had a somewhat shaky 72 but was bound to do better ; or Rosburg, whose accurate short game and supersensitive putter can overcome so many of Augusta's treacheries ; or even old Byron Nelson, whose excellent 71 made one wonder if he had solved the geriatric aspects of golf.
( on Thursday nobody except Charlie Coe was thinking of Charlie Coe.
) on Friday, a day as cloudless and lovely as Thursday had been gray and ugly, the plot of the tournament came clearly into focus.
Rosburg had started early in the day, and by the time Palmer and Player were on the course -- separated, as they were destined to be for the rest of the weekend, by about half an hour -- they could see on the numerous scoreboards spotted around the course that Rosburg, who ended with a 73, was not having a good day.
As Player began his second round in a twosome with amateur Bill Hyndman, his share of the gallery was not conspicuously large for a contender.
Player began with a birdie on the first hole, added five straight pars and then another birdie at the 9th.
On the back nine he began to acquire the tidal wave of a gallery that stayed with him the rest of the tournament.
He birdied the 13th, the 15th and the 18th -- five birdies, one bogey and 12 pars for a 68.
Starting half an hour behind Player in company with British Open Champion Kel Nagle, Palmer birdied the 2nd, the 9th, the 13th and the 16th -- four birdies, one bogey and 13 pars for a 69.
The roar of Palmer's gallery as he sank a thrilling putt would roll out across the parklike landscape of Augusta, only to be answered moments later by the roar of Player's gallery for a similar triumph.
At one point late in the day, when Palmer was lining up a 25-foot putt on the 16th, a thunderous cheer from the direction of the 18th green unmistakably announced that Player had birdied the final hole.
Without so much as a grimace or a gesture to show that he had noticed ( although he later admitted that he had ) Palmer proceeded to sink his 25-footer, and his gallery sent its explosive vocalization rolling back along the intervening fairways in reply.
The boldness of champions anyone who now doubted that a personal duel was under way had only to watch how these exceptionally gifted golfers were playing this most difficult golf course.
It is almost axiomatic that golfers who dominate the game of golf for any period of time attack their shots with a vehemence bordering on violence.
The bad luck that can so often mar a well-played round of golf is simply overpowered and obliterated by the contemptuous boldness of these champions.
Bob Jones played that way.
Byron Nelson did, Hogan did.
And last week at the Masters Palmer and Player did.
As the third round of the tournament began on Saturday and the duel was resumed in earnest, it was Player's superior aggressiveness that carried him into the lead.
This day Palmer had started first.
As Player stepped on the first tee he knew that Palmer had birdied the first two holes and already was 2 under par for the day.
Player immediately proceeded to follow suit.
In fact, he went on to birdie the 6th and 8th as well, to go 4 under par for the first eight holes.
But Player's real test came on the ninth hole, a downhill dogleg to the left measuring 420 yards.
He hit a poor tee shot, pulling it off into the pine woods separating the 9th and first fairways.
Having hit one of the trees, the ball came to rest not more than 160 yards out.
Player then had the choice of punching the ball safely out of the woods to the 9th fairway and settling for a bogey 5, or gambling.
The latter involved hitting a full four-wood out to the first fairway and toward the clubhouse, hoping to slice it back to the deeply bunkered 9th green.
I was hitting the ball well, Player said later, and I felt strong.
When you're playing like that you'd better attack.
Player attacked with his four-wood and hit a shot that few who saw it will ever forget.
It struck the 9th green on the fly and stopped just off the edge.
From there he chipped back and sank his putt for a par 4.
Palmer, meanwhile, had been having his troubles.
They started on the 4th hole, a 220-yard par-3.
On this day the wind had switched 180-degrees from the northwest to the southeast, and nearly every shot on the course was different from the previous few days.
At the 4th tee Palmer chose to hit a one-iron when a three-wood was the proper club, so he put the ball in a bunker in front of the green.
His bogey 4 on this hole and subsequent bogeys at 5 and 7 along with a birdie at 8 brought him back to even par.
Starting the second nine, Palmer was already four strokes behind Player and knew it.
When Mickey Charles Mantle, the New York Yankees' man of muscle, drives a home run 450 feet into the bleachers, his feat touches upon the sublime.
When Roger Eugene Maris, Mantle's muscular teammate, powers four home runs in a double-header, his performance merits awe.
But when tiny, 145-pound Albert Gregory Pearson of the Los Angeles Angels, who once caught three straight fly balls in center field because, as a teammate explained, the other team thought no one was out there, hits seven home runs in four months ( three more than his total in 1958, 1959, and 1960 ), his achievement borders on the ridiculous.
This is Baseball 1961.
This is the year home runs ranged from the sublime to the ridiculous.
It is the year when ( 1 ) amiable Jim Gentile of the Baltimore Orioles ambled to the plate in consecutive innings with the bases loaded and, in unprecedented style, delivered consecutive grand-slam home runs ; ( 2 ) Willie Mays of the San Francisco Giants borrowed a teammate's bat and became the ninth big leaguer to stroke four home runs in a game ; ( 3 ) the Milwaukee Braves tied a major-league record with fourteen home runs in three games and lost two of them ; and ( 4 ) catcher Johnny Blanchard of the New York Yankees matched a record with home runs in four successive times at bat, two of them as a pinch-hitter.
Pitchers grumble about lively balls and lively bats, the shrinking strike zone, and the fact that the knock-down pitch is now illegal.
Experts point to the thinning of pitching talent in the American League caused by expansion.
Whatever the reasons, not in 30 years has a single season produced such thunderous assaults upon the bureau of baseball records, home-run division.
Of all the records in peril, one stands apart, dramatic in its making, dramatic in its endurance, and now, doubly dramatic in its jeopardy.
This, of course, is baseball's most remarkable mark : the 60 home runs hit in 1927 by the incorrigible epicure, the incredible athlete, George Herman ( Babe ) Ruth of the Yankees.
Since 1927, fewer than a dozen men have made serious runs at Babe Ruth's record and each, in turn, has been thwarted.
What ultimately frustrated every challenger was Ruth's amazing September surge.
In the final month of the 1927 season, he hit seventeen home runs, a closing spurt never matched.
Double threat : always, in the abortive attacks upon Ruth's record, one man alone -- a Jimmy Foxx ( 58 in 1932 ) or a Hank Greenberg ( 58 in 1938 ) or a Hack Wilson ( 56 in 1930 ) -- made the bid.
But now, for the first time since Lou Gehrig ( with 47 home runs ) spurred Ruth on in 1927, two men playing for the same team have zeroed in on 60.
Their names are Mantle and Maris, their team is the Yankees, and their threat is real.
After 108 games in 1927, Ruth had 35 home runs.
After 108 games in 1961, Mickey Mantle has 43, Roger Maris 41.
Extend Mantle's and Maris's present paces over the full 1961 schedule of 162 games, and, mathematically, each will hit more than 60 home runs.
This is the great edge the two Yankees have going for them.
To better Ruth's mark, neither needs a spectacular September flourish.
All Mantle needs is eight more home runs in August and ten in September, and he will establish a new record.
In Ruth's day -- and until this year -- the schedule was 154 games.
Baseball commissioner Ford Frick has ruled that Ruth's record will remain official unless it is broken in 154 games.
) even on the basis of 154 games, this is the ideal situation, insists Hank Greenberg, now vice-president of the Chicago White Sox.
It has to be easier with two of them.
How can you walk Maris to get to Mantle?
Roommates : neither Mantle nor Maris, understandably, will predict 60 home runs for himself.
Although both concede they would like to hit 60, they stick primarily to the baseball player's standard quote : the important thing is to win the pennant.
But one thing is for certain : there is no dissension between Mantle, the American League's Most Valuable Player in 1956 and 1957, and Maris, the *j in 1960.
Each enjoys seeing the other hit home runs ( I hope Roger hits 80, Mantle says ), and each enjoys even more seeing himself hit home runs ( and I hope I hit 81 ).
The sluggers get along so well in fact, that with their families at home for the summer ( Mantle's in Dallas, Maris's in Kansas City ), they are rooming together.
Mantle, Maris, and Bob Cerv, a utility outfielder, share an apartment in Jamaica, Long Island, not far from New York International Airport.
The three pay $251 a month for four rooms ( kitchen, dining room, living room, and bedroom ), with air-conditioning and new modern furniture.
Mantle and Cerv use the twin beds in the bedroom ; Maris sleeps on a green studio couch in the living room.
They divide up the household chores : Cerv does most of the cooking ( breakfast and sandwich snacks, with dinner out ), Mantle supplies the transportation ( a white 1961 Oldsmobile convertible ), and Maris drives the 25-minute course from the apartment house to Yankee Stadium.
Mantle, Maris, and Cerv probably share one major-league record already : among them, they have fifteen children -- eight for Cerv, four for Mantle, and three for Maris.
As roommates, teammates, and home-run mates, Mantle, 29, who broke in with the Yankees ten years ago, and Maris, 26, who came to the Yankees from Kansas City two years ago, have strikingly similar backgrounds.
Both were scholastic stars in football, basketball, and baseball ( Mantle in Commerce, Okla., Maris in Fargo, N.*d. ) ; as halfbacks, both came close to playing football at the University of Oklahoma ( sometimes in the minors, Maris recalls, I wished I had gone to Oklahoma ).
To an extent, the two even look alike.
Both have blue eyes and short blond hair.
Both are 6 feet tall and weigh between 195 and 200 pounds, but Mantle, incredibly muscular ( he has a 17-1/2-inch neck ), looks bigger.
With their huge backs and overdeveloped shoulders, both must have their clothes made to order.
Maris purchases $100 suits from Simpson's in New York.
Mantle, more concerned with dress, buys his suits four at a time at Neiman-*marcus in Dallas and pays as much as $250 each.
Light reading : neither Mantle nor Maris need fear being classified an intellectual, but lately Mantle has shown unusual devotion to an intellectual opus, Henry Miller's Tropic of Cancer.
Mantle so appreciated delicate Miller's literary style that he broadened teammates' minds by reading sensitive passages aloud during road trips.
Mantle is not normally given to public speaking -- or, for that matter, to private speaking.
What do you and Mickey talk about at home?
A reporter asked Maris recently.
To tell you the truth, Maris said, Mickey don't talk much.
This is no surprising trait for a ballplayer.
What is surprising and pleasant is that Mantle and Maris, under constant pressure from writers and photographers, are trying to be cooperative.
Of the two, Mantle is by nature the less outgoing, Maris the more outspoken.
But last week, when a reporter was standing near Mantle's locker, Mickey walked up and volunteered an anecdote.
See that kid?
He said, pointing to a dark-haired 11-year-old boy.
That's ( Yogi ) Berra's.
I'll never forget one time I struck out three times, dropped a fly ball, and we lost the game.
I came back, sitting by my locker, feeling real low, and the kid walks over to me, looks up, and says : you stunk.
Maris, in talking to reporters, tries to answer all questions candidly and fully, but on rare occasions, he shuns newsmen.
When I've made a dumb play, he says, I don't want to talk to anyone.
I'm angry.
By his own confession, Maris is an angry young man.
Benched at Tulsa in 1955, he told manager Dutch Meyer : I can't play for you.
Send me where I can play.
( Meyer sent him to Reading, Pa..
) benched at Indianapolis in 1956, he told manager Kerby Farrell : I'm not learning anything on the bench.
Play me.
( Farrell did -- and Maris led the team to victory in the Little World Series.
) that's the way I am, he says.
I tell people what I think.
If you're a good ballplayer, you've got to get mad.
Give me a team of nine angry men and I'll give you a team of nine gentlemen and we'll beat you nine out of ten times.
Idols' idols : one good indication of the two men's personalities is the way they reacted to meeting their own heroes.
Maris's was Ted Williams.
When I was a kid, Maris told a sportswriter last week, I used to follow Williams every day in the box score, just to see whether he got a hit or not.
When you came up to the majors, did you seek out Williams for advice?
Are you kidding?
Said Maris.
You're afraid to talk to a guy you idolize.
Mantle's hero was Joe Di*maggio.
When Mickey went to the Yankees, says Mark Freeman, an ex-*yankee pitcher who sells mutual funds in Denver, Di*maggio still was playing and every day Mickey would go by his locker, just aching for some word of encouragement from this great man, this hero of his.
But Di*maggio never said a word.
It crushed Mickey.
He told me he vowed right then that if he ever got to be a star, this never would be said of him.
Mantle has kept the vow.
Among all the Yankees, he is the veteran most friendly to rookies.
Neither Mantle nor Maris is totally devoted to baseball above all else.
If laying ties on a railroad track, which he once did for $1 an hour, paid more than playing right field for the Yankees, Maris would lay ties on a railroad track.
If working in a zinc mine, which he once did for 87-1/2 cents an hour, paid more than playing center field for the Yankees, Mantle would work in a zinc mine.
But since railroading and mining are not the highest paid arts, Mantle and Maris concentrate on baseball.
They try to play baseball the best they can.
Each is a complete ballplayer.
Mantle, beyond any question, can do more things well.
( one of the reasons they get along fine, says a sportswriter who is friendly with the two men, is that both realize Mantle is head-and-shoulders above Maris.
) hitting, Mantle has an immediate advantage because he bats both left-handed and right-handed, Maris only left-handed.
They both possess near classic stances, dug in firmly, arms high, set for fierce swings.
Mantle is considerably better hitting for average (.332
, fourth in the league, to.280
For Maris so far this year ).
Both are good bunters : Maris once beat out eighteen of nineteen in the minor leagues ; Mantle is a master at dragging a bunt toward first base.
Both have brilliant speed : Mantle was timed from home plate ( batting left-handed ) to first base in 3.1 seconds, faster than any other major leaguer ; Maris ran the 100-yard dash in ten seconds in high school and once won a race against Luis Aparicio, the swift, base-stealing shortstop of the White Sox.
Both are good, daring fielders : Mantle covers more ground ; Maris's throwing arm is stronger.
Yet with all their skills, the appeal of Mantle and Maris in 1961 comes down to one basic : the home run.
With this ultimate weapon, the two Yankees may have saved baseball from its dullest season.
( American League expansion created, inevitably, weaker teams.
Only two teams in each league ( the Yankees and Detroit, the Dodgers and Cincinnati ) are battling for first place.
Appropriately, the emphasis on the home run, at a peak this year, came into being at baseball's lowest moment.
In 1920, as the startling news that the 1919 White Sox had conspired to lose the World Series leaked out, fans grew disillusioned and disinterested in baseball.
Something was needed to revive interest ; the something was the home run.
Into Washington on President-elect John F. Kennedy's Convair, the Caroline, winged Actor-*crooner Frank Sinatra and his close Hollywood pal, Cinemactor Peter Lawford, Jack Kennedy's brother-in-law.
Also included in the entourage : a dog in a black sweater, Frankie and Peter had an urgent mission : to stage a mammoth Inauguration Eve entertainment gala in the capital's National Guard Armory.
Frankie was fairly glutted with ideas, as he had hinted upon his arrival : it's really tremendous when you think Ella Fitzgerald is coming from Australia.
I could talk to you for three hours and still not be able to give you all of our plans ] as the plans were laid, some several thousand fat cats were to be ensconced in the armory's $100 seats and in 68 ringside boxes priced at $10,000 each.
The biggest single act would doubtless be staged by Frankie himself : his Inaugural wardrobe had been designed by Hollywood Couturier Don Loper, who regularly makes up ladies' ensembles.
Soon after Loper leaked the news that Frankie had ordered two of everything just in case he spills anything, Frankie got so mad at the chic designer that he vowed he would not wear a stitch of Loper clothing.
A year after he was catapulted over nine officers senior to him and made commandant of the Marine Corps, General David M. Shoup delivered a peppery annual report in the form of a happy, warless New Year greeting to his Pentagon staff.
Said Leatherneck Shoup : a year ago I took the grips of the plow in my hands.
After pushing an accumulation of vines and weeds from the moldboard, I lifted the lines from the dust and found hitched to that plow the finest team I ever held a rein on.
Little geeing and hawing have been necessary.
But Shoup also gave the Corps a tilling in spots.
Speaking of pride, he deplored the noncommissioned officer whose uniform looks like it belonged to someone who retired in 1940 ; the officer with the yellow socks or the bay window.
A few of these people are still around.
Old and new briefly crossed paths in the U.*s. Senate, then went their respective ways.
At a reception for new members of Congress, Oregon Democrat Maurine Neuberger, taking the Senate seat held by her husband Richard until his death last March, got a brotherly buss from Democratic Elder Statesman Adlai Stevenson, U.*s. Ambassador-designate to the U.*n..
Meanwhile, after 24 years in the Senate, Rhode Island's durable Democrat Theodore Francis Greene -- having walked, swum and cerebrated himself to the hearty age of 93 -- left that august body ( voluntarily, because he could surely have been re-elected had he chosen to run again last November ), as the oldest man ever to serve in the Senate.
The most famous undergraduate of South Philadelphia High School is a current bobby-sox idol, Dreamboat Cacophonist Fabian ( real name : Fabian Forte ), 17, and last week it developed that he will remain an undergraduate for a while.
The principal of the school announced that -- despite the help of private tutors in Hollywood and Philadelphia -- Fabian is a 10-o'clock scholar in English and mathematics.
Lacking his needed credits in those subjects, Fabian will not graduate with his old classmates next week.
South Philadelphia High's principal added that the current delay was caused by the pressure of a movie that the toneless lad was making.
To Decathlon Man Rafer Johnson ( Time cover, Aug. 29 ), whose gold medal in last summer's Olympic Games was won as much on gumption as talent, went the A.*a.*u.'s James E. Sullivan Memorial Trophy as the outstanding U.*s. amateur athlete of 1960.
As the world's top sportsman -- pro or amateur -- Sports Illustrated tapped golf's confident Arnold Palmer ( Time cover, May 2 ), who staged two cliffhanging rallies to win both the Masters and U.*s. Open crowns, went on to win a record $80,738 for the year.
Tooling through Sydney on his way to race in the New Zealand Grand Prix, Britain's balding Ace Driver Stirling Moss, 31, all but smothered himself in his own exhaust of self-crimination.
I'm a slob, he announced.
My taste is gaudy.
I'm useless for anything but racing cars.
I'm ruddy lazy, and I'm getting on in years.
It gets so frustrating, but then again I don't know what I could do if I gave up racing.
Has Moss no stirling virtues?
I appreciate beauty.
One of Nikita Khrushchev's most enthusiastic eulogizers, the U.*s.*s.*r.'s daily Izvestia, enterprisingly interviewed Red-prone Comedian Charlie Chaplin at his Swiss villa, where he has been in self-exile since 1952.
Chaplin, 71, who met K. when the Soviet boss visited England in 1956, confided that he hopes to visit Russia some time this summer because I have marveled at your grandiose experiment and I believe in your future.
Then Charlie spooned out some quick impressions of the Nikita he had glimpsed : I was captivated by his humor, frankness and good nature and by his kind, strong and somewhat sly face.
G. David Thompson is one of those names known to the stewards of transatlantic jetliners and to doormen in Europe's best hotels, but he is somewhat of an enigma to most people in his own home town of Pittsburgh.
There the name vaguely connotes new-rich wealth, a reputation for eccentricity, and an ardor for collecting art.
Last week, in the German city of Dusseldorf, G. David Thompson was making headlines that could well give Pittsburgh pause.
On display were 343 first-class paintings and sculptures from his fabled collection -- and every single one of them was up for sale.
Like Philadelphia's late Dr. Albert C. Barnes who kept his own great collection closed to the general public ( Time, Jan. 2 ), Thompson, at 61, is something of a legend in his own lifetime.
He made his fortune during World War 2 when he took over a number of dying steel plants and kept them alive until the boom.
Even before he hit big money, he had begun buying modern paintings.
He gave the impression of never having read a word about art, but there was no doubt that he had an eye for the best.
He was able to smell a bargain -- and a masterpiece -- a continent away, and the Museum of Modern Art's Alfred Barr said of him : I have never mentioned a new artist that Thompson didn't know about.
He might barge into a gallery, start haggling over prices without so much as a word of greeting.
He could be lavishly generous with friends, cab drivers and bellboys, but with dealers he was tough.
He bought up Cezannes, Braques, Matisses, Legers, a splendid Picasso series, more than 70 Giacometti sculptures.
He gathered one of the biggest collections of Paul Klees in the world.
All these he hung in his burglarproof home called Stone's Throw, outside Pittsburgh, and only people he liked and trusted ever got to see them.
Two years ago Thompson offered his collection to the city.
But he insisted that it be housed in a special museum.
Pittsburgh turned him down, just as Pittsburgh society had been snubbing him for years.
He went then to a 40-year-old Basel art dealer named Ernst Beyeler, with whom he had long been trading pictures.
Last year Beyeler arranged to sell $1,500,000 worth of Klees to the state of North Rhine-*westphalia, which will house them in a museum that is yet to be built.
Last week most of the other prizes, once offered to Pittsburgh, went on the block.
At the opening of the Dusseldorf show, Thompson himself scarcely glanced at the treasures that he was seeing together for the last time.
In fact he seemed delighted to get rid of them.
Some observers speculated that this might be his revenge on his home town.
Thompson himself said : I want to enjoy once more the pleasure of bare walls waiting for new pictures.
Break in Georgia the University of Georgia has long claimed that it does not discriminate against any applicant on the basis of race or color.
But in all its 175 years, not a single Negro student has entered its classrooms.
Last week Federal District Judge William A. Bootle ordered the university to admit immediately a qualified Negro boy and girl.
Their entry will crack the total segregation of all public education, from kindergarten through graduate school, in Georgia -- and in Alabama, Mississippi and South Carolina as well.
For 18 months, Hamilton Holmes, 19, and Charlayne Hunter, 18, had tried to get into the university.
They graduated together from Atlanta's Turner High School, where Valedictorian Holmes was first in the class and Charlayne third.
The university rejected them on a variety of pretexts, but was careful never to mention the color of their skins.
Holmes went to Atlanta's Morehouse ( Negro ) College, where he is a B student and star halfback.
Charlayne studied journalism at Detroit's Wayne State University.
Last fall, after they took their hopes for entering Georgia to court, Judge Bootle ordered them to apply again.
Charlayne was tentatively admitted for next fall, after state investigators questioned her white roommate at Wayne State.
But Holmes was rejected again on the basis of his record and interview.
The evidence in court was testimony about the interview, which for Holmes lasted an hour, although at least one white student at Georgia got through this ritual by a simple phone conversation.
Holmes was asked if he had ever visited a house of prostitution, or a beatnik parlor or teahouse.
No, said he, but officials still called him evasive.
They also said he lied in saying that he had never been arrested.
Their reason : Holmes once paid a $20 speeding fine, had his license suspended.
Negro lawyers dug into the records of 300 white students, found that many were hardly interviewed at all -- and few had academic records as good as Hamilton Holmes.
The real reason for his rejection, they argued, is the fact that Georgia law automatically cuts off funds for any desegregated school.
Judge Bootle's decision : the two plaintiffs are qualified for admission to said university and would already have been admitted had it not been for their race and color.
The state will appeal -- but few think it will actually try to close the university.
Surprised and pleased, students Holmes and Hunter may enter the University of Georgia this week.
Catch for Chicago when the University of Chicago's Chancellor Lawrence A. Kimpton submitted his resignation last March, a mighty talent hunt gripped the Midway.
Out went letters to 60,000 old grads, asking for suggestions.
Such academic statesmen as James B. Conant were consulted.
Two committees pondered 375 possible Kimpton successors, including Adlai Stevenson, Richard Nixon, and Harvard's Dean Mc*george Bundy.
The debate led to a decision that Chicago needed neither a big name nor an experienced academic administrator, but rather, as Trustee Chairman Glen A. Lloyd put it, a top scholar in his own right -- a bright light to lure other top scholars to Chicago.
Last week Chicago happily found its top scholar in Caltech's acting dean of the faculty : dynamic Geneticist George Wells Beadle, 57, who shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in medicine and physiology for discovering how genes affect heredity by controlling cell chemistry ( Time, Cover, July 14, 1958 ).
It fell to Chancellor Kimpton, now a Standard Oil ( Indiana ) executive, to spend his nine-year reign tidying up Chicago after the 21-year typhoon of Idealist Robert Maynard Hutchins.
He threw out some of Hutchins' more wildly experimental courses, raised sagging undergraduate enrollment to 2,100, nearly doubled endowment to $139.3 million.
But though Kimpton put Chicago in what he felt was working order, some old grads feel that it still needs the kind of lively teachers who filled it in the heady Hutchins era.
At Caltech, Geneticist Beadle has stuck close to his research as head of the school's famous biology division since 1946.
But he has shown a sixth-sense ability to spot, recruit and excite able researchers, and has developed unexpected talents in fund raising and speech-making.
Beadle is even that rare scientist who takes an interest in money matters ; he avidly reads the Wall Street Journal, and took delight in driving a $250 model *j Ford for 22 years, then selling it for $300.
A philosopher may point out that the troubles of the Congo began with the old Adam and consequently will never end.
But a historian might put his finger on a specific man and date, and hold out the hope that the troubles will sometime pass away.
The man was King Leopold 2 of the Belgians, who in 1885 concluded that he had better grab a colony while the grabbing was still good.
By force, he took under his protection, or stole, 900,000 square miles of wilderness in Central Africa.
This is an area nearly as large as Western Europe ; and it was filled then as now by quarreling tribes with no political or historical unity.
Its boundaries had nothing to do with geography or ethnic groupings ; they were determined by the points at which Leopold's explorers and gunmen got tired of walking.
The population of the Congo is 13.5 million, divided into at least seven major culture clusters and innumerable tribes speaking 400 separate dialects.
The religions of the people include Christianity, Mohammedanism, paganism, ancestor worship and animism.
The climate ranges from the steamily equatorial to the temperate.
The hospitals contain patients trampled by elephants or run over by sports cars.
To make one nation out of these disparities would be a problem large enough in any case ; it has been made far more difficult by what the Belgians have done, or failed to do, in the Congo since 1885.
At first the Belgian royal family administered the Congo as its own private property.
But by 1908 its record of brutality had touched the national conscience.
The Belgian government itself took over administration, commencing a program of paternalism unmatched in the history of colonialism.
One definition of paternalism is the principle or practice, on the part of a government, of managing the affairs of a country in the manner of a father dealing with his children.
The honor of the Belgians in this matter is not to be questioned -- only their judgment.
Ordinarily a father permits his children to grow up in due time -- but when the colony received independence in 1960 the Congolese child, if one imagines him to have been born in 1908, was 52 and had until then been treated as an infant.
The Belgians were interested primarily in the economic development of the Congo, which is rich in copper, tin, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and uranium, and cotton and palm oil.
The colony was administered from Brussels, with neither the Congolese nor the resident Belgians having any vote.
The beneficiaries of this administration were a number of huge cartels in which both individuals and the Belgian government itself held stock.
In Inside Africa, John Gunther describes one of these, the Societe Generale, as the kind of colossus that might be envisaged if, let us say, the House of Morgan, Anaconda Copper, the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, the Pennsylvania Railroad, and various companies producing agricultural products were lumped together, with the United States government as a heavy partner.
Had they been truly ruthless, the Belgians might have exploited the Congolese without compassion.
But they were not.
They provided a social security system which covered all their African employes ; their program of mass medical care was doubtless the best on the continent ; they put much effort into public housing.
They also instituted a ration system under which all employers in the Congo were required to furnish their employes with clothing and adequate food.
But instead of delivering the ration -- either in actual commodities or in cash -- at intervals of perhaps two weeks or a month, the Belgians felt obliged to dole it out more often.
Would not the children, if they received all their food on the first day of the month, eat it up immediately, and later go hungry?
The Belgians also placed great emphasis on education.
During the 1950s there were as many as 25,000 schools in the Congo.
But almost all the schools were primary.
The average Congolese can do little more than puzzle out the meaning of la chatte and le chien and write his name.
Some schools were technical -- the Belgians needed carpenters and mechanics to help exploit the land, and trained many.
But they did not believe in widespread secondary education, much less in college.
It was their conviction that the people should be brought up together, a grade at a time, until in some indefinite future some might be ready to tackle history, economics and political science.
Indeed, the Belgians discouraged higher education, fearing the creation of a native intellectual elite which might cause unrest.
When the Congo received its independence in 1960 there were, among its 13.5 million people, exactly 14 university graduates.
Why did the Belgians grant independence to a colony so manifestly unprepared to accept it?
In one large oversimplification, it might be said that the Belgians felt, far too late, the gale of nationalism sweeping Africa.
They lacked time to prepare the Congo, as the British and French had prepared their colonies.
The Congolese were clamoring for their independence, even though most were unsure what it meant ; and in Brussels, street crowds shouted, pas une goutte de sang ] ( not one drop of blood ] ).
The Belgians would not fight for the privilege of being the detested pedagogue ; rather than teach where teaching was not wanted, they would wash their hands of the mess.
It is hard to blame them for this.
Yet there were other motivations and actions which the Belgians took after independence for which history may not find them guiltless.
As the time for independence approached there were in the Congo no fewer than 120 political parties, or approximately eight for each university graduate.
There were four principal ones.
First, there were those Congolese ( among them Joseph Kasavubu ) who favored splitting the country into small independent states, Balkanizing it.
Second, there were those ( Moise Tshombe ) who favored near-*balkanization, a loose federalism having a central government of limited authority, with much power residing in the states.
Third, there were those ( notably Patrice Lumumba ) who favored a unified Congo with a very strong central government.
And fourth, there were moderates who were in no hurry who were in no hurry for independence and wished to wait until the Congo grew for independence and wished to wait until the Congo grew up.
However shifting.
, the positions of all parties and leaders were constantly shifting.
A a final factor which contributed greatly to the fragmentation of the Congo, immediately after independence, was the provincial structure the Belgians for convenience in administration that had been established by the Belgians for convenience in administration.
They had divided the Congo into six.
They had divided the Congo into six provinces -- Leopoldville, Kasai, Kivu, Katanga, Equator and Eastern -- unfortunately with with little regard for ethnic groupings.
Thus some provinces contained tribes which detested each other, and to them independence meant an opportunity for war.
The Belgian Congo was granted its independence with what seemed a workable Western-style form of government : there were to be a president and a premier, and a bicameral legislature elected by universal suffrage in the provinces.
Well-wishers around the world hoped that the Congo would quickly assume a respectable position in the society of nations.
If internal frictions arose, they could be handled by the 25,000-man Congolese army, the Force still officered by Publique, which had been trained and was white Belgians.
The president, Joseph Kasavubu, seemed an able administrator and the premier, Patrice Lumumba, a reasonable man.
Twenty-four hours after independence the wild tribesmen commenced fighting each other.
Presently the well-armed members of the Force Publique many of them drawn from savage and even cannibalistic tribes, erupted in mutiny, rioting, raping and looting.
Terror engulfed the thousands of Belgian civilians who had remained in the country.
The Belgian government decided to act, and on July 10 dispatched paratroops to the Congo.
On July 11 the head of the mineral-rich province of Katanga, Moise Tshombe, announced that his province had seceded from the country.
Confusion became chaos ; each succeeding day brought new acts of violence.
Lumumba and Kasavubu blamed it all on the military intervention by the Belgians, and appealed to the United Nations to send troops to oust them.
On July 14 the Security Council -- with France and Great Britain abstaining -- voted the resolution which drew the U.*n. into the Congo.
Vague in wording, it called for withdrawal of Belgian troops and authorized the Secretary-*general to take the necessary steps to provide the ( Congolese ) Government with such military assistance as may be necessary, until, through the efforts of the Congolese Government with the technical assistance of the United Nations, the national security forces may be able, in the opinion of the Government, to meet fully their tasks.
Secretary-*general Hammarskjold decided that it would be preferable if the U.*n. troops sent into the Congo were to come from African, or at least nonwhite, nations -- certainly not from the U.*s., Russia, Great Britain or France.
He quickly called on Ghana, Tunisia, Morocco, Guinea and Mali, which dispatched troops within hours.
Ultimately the U.*n. army in the Congo reached a top strength of 19,000, including about 5,000 from India and a few soldiers from Eire and Sweden, who were the only whites.
It took the U.*n. three months to bring a modest form of order to the Congo.
The Belgians were reluctant to withdraw their troops and often obstructed U.*n. efforts.
The wildly erratic nature of Patrice Lumumba caused constant problems -- he frequently announced that he wanted the U.*n. to get out of the Congo along with the Belgians, and appealed to Russia for help.
( however, there is little evidence that the late Lumumba was a Communist.
Before appealing to the U.*n. or to Russia, he first appealed to the U.*s. for military help, and was rejected.
) Lumumba further complicated the U.*n.'s mission by initiating small wars with the secessionist province of Katanga and with South Kasai which, under Albert Kalonji, wanted to secede as well.
Meanwhile Russia took every opportunity to meddle in the Congo, sending Lumumba equipment for his wars, dispatching technicians and even threatening, on occasion, to intervene openly.
But by the end of the three-month period, in October 1960, something approaching calm settled on the Congo.
President Kasavubu became exasperated with Lumumba and fired him.
Lumumba fired Kasavubu.
Control of the government -- such control as there was and such government as there was -- passed into the hands of Joseph Mobutu, chief of staff of the Congolese army.
Mobutu promptly flung out the Russians, who have not since played any significant part on the local scene, although they have redoubled their obstructionist efforts at U.*n. headquarters in New York.
The Belgians -- at least officially -- departed from the Congo as well, withdrawing all of their uniformed troops.
But they left behind them large numbers of officers, variously called volunteers or mercenaries, who now staff the army of Moise Tshombe in Katanga, the seceded province which, according to Tshombe, holds 65% of the mineral wealth of the entire country.
From October 1960 to February 1961, the U.*n. forces in the Congo took little action.
There was no directive for it -- the Security Council's resolution had not mentioned political matters, and in any case the United Nations by the terms of its charter may not interfere in the political affairs of any nation, whether to unify it, federalize it or Balkanize it.
During the five-month lull, civil war smoldered and flickered throughout the Congo.
In February the murder of Patrice Lumumba, who had been kidnaped into Katanga and executed on order of Tshombe, again stirred the U.*n. to action.
On Feb. 21 the council passed another resolution urging the taking of all appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence of civil war in the Congo, including the use of force, if necessary, in the last resort.
Although the resolution might have been far more specific, it was considerably tougher than the earlier one.
It also urged that the U.*n. eject, and prevent the return of, all Belgian and other foreign military and political advisers ; ordered an investigation of Lumumba's death ; urged the reconvention of the Congolese Parliament and the reorganization of the army.
The presidency : talking and listening though President John F. Kennedy was primarily concerned with the crucial problems of Berlin and disarmament adviser Mc*cloy's unexpected report from Khrushchev, his new enthusiasm and reliance on personal diplomacy involved him in other key problems of U.*s. foreign policy last week.
High up on the President's priority list was the thorny question of Bizerte.
On this issue, the President received a detailed report from his U.*n. Ambassador Adlai Stevenson, who had just returned from Paris, and Mr. Kennedy asked Stevenson to search for a face-saving way -- for both Paris and Tunis -- out of the imbroglio.
Ideally, the President would like the French to agree on a status quo ante on Bizerte, and accept a new timetable for withdrawing their forces from the Mediterranean base.
To continue their important conversations about the Tunisian issue and the whole range of other problems, Mr. Kennedy invited Stevenson to Cape Cod for the weekend.
The President also discussed the Bizerte deadlock with the No. 2 man in the Tunisian Government, Defense Minister Bahi Ladgham, who flew to Washington last week to seek U.*s. support.
The conversation apparently convinced Mr. Kennedy that the positions of France and Tunisia were not irreconcilable.
Through Ladgham, Mr. Kennedy sent a message along those lines to Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba ; and one U.*s. official said : the key question now is which side picks up the phone first.
On the Latin American front, the President held talks with Secretary of the Treasury Douglas Dillon before sending him to Uruguay and the Inter-*american Economic and Social Council ( which the President himself had originally hoped to attend ).
Main purpose of the meeting : to discuss President Kennedy's Alliance for Progress.
And that was not all.
In conferences with Nationalist China's dapper, diminutive Vice President Chen Cheng, Mr. Kennedy assured Chiang Kai-shek's emissary that the U.*s. is as firmly opposed as ever to the admission of Red China to the United Nations.
Chen was equally adamant in his opposition to the admission of Outer Mongolia ; however the President, who would like to woo the former Chinese province away from both Peking and Moscow, would promise Chen nothing more than an abstention by the U.*s. if Outer Mongolia's admission comes to a vote.
The President also conferred with emissaries from Guatemala and Nepal who are seeking more foreign aid.
To Africa, he sent his most trusted adviser, his brother, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, on a good-will mission to the Ivory Coast.
All week long the President clearly was playing a larger personal role in foreign affairs ; in effect, he was practicing what he preached in his Berlin message two weeks ago when he declared : we shall always be prepared to discuss international problems with any and all nations that are willing to talk, and listen, with reason.
Crime : skyjacked from International Airport in Los Angeles to International Airport in Houston, as the great four-jet Boeing 707 flies, is a routine five hours and 25 minutes, including stopovers at Phoenix, El Paso, and San Antonio.
When Continental Airlines night-coach Flight 54 took off at 11:30 one night last week, there was no reason to think it would take any longer.
The plane put down on schedule at 1:35 a.m. in Phoenix.
Thirty-one minutes later, when it took off for El Paso, hardly anyone of the crew of six or the 65 other passengers paid any attention to the man and teen-age boy who had come aboard.
At 3:57 a.m., with the plane about twenty minutes out of El Paso, passenger Robert Berry, a San Antonio advertising man, glanced up and saw the man and boy, accompanied by a stewardess, walking up the aisle toward the cockpit.
The man was bent over with his hand on his stomach, Berry said.
I figured he was sick.
John Salvador, a farmer from Palm Desert, Calif., was sitting up front and could see through the door as the trio entered the cockpit.
The kid had a.45
Automatic, like they issue in the Army, he said.
The other fellow had a.38
.
Salvador saw the youth hold his.45
Against the head of stewardess Lois Carnegey ; the man put his.38
At the head of Capt. Byron D. Rickards.
To Rickards, a 52-year-old veteran 30 years in the air, it was an old story : his plane was being hijacked in mid-flight again much as it had happened in 1930, when Peruvian rebels made him land a Ford tri-motor at Arequipa.
But last week's pirates, like the Cuban-*american who recently hijacked an Eastern Airlines Electra ( Newsweek, Aug. 7 ), wanted to go to Havana.
Stalling : tell your company there are four of us here with guns, the elder man told Rickards.
The pilot radioed El Paso International Airport with just that message.
But, he told the skyjackers, the 707 didn't carry enough fuel to reach Havana ; they would have to refuel at El Paso.
Most passengers didn't know what had happened until they got on the ground.
Jerry Mc*cauley of Sacramento, Calif., one of some twenty Air Force recruits on board, awoke from a nap in confusion.
The old man came from the front of the plane and said he wanted four volunteers to go to Cuba, Mc*cauley said, and like a nut I raised my hand.
I thought he was the Air Force recruiter.
What the man wanted was four persons to volunteer as hostages, along with the crew.
They chose four : Jack Casey, who works for Continental Airlines in Houston ; Fred Mullen from Mercer Island, Wash. ; Pfc. Truman Cleveland of St. Augustine.
Fla., and Leonard Gilman, a former college boxer and veteran of the U.*s. Immigration Service Border Patrol.
Everybody else was allowed to file off the plane after it touched down at El Paso at 4:18 a.m..
They found a large welcoming group -- El Paso policemen, Border Patrol, sheriff's deputies, and *j men, who surged around the plane with rifles and submachine guns.
Other *j men, talking with the pilot from the tower, conspired with him to delay the proposed flight to Havana.
The ground crew, which ordinarily fuels a 707 in twenty minutes, took fully three hours.
Still more time was consumed while the pilot, at the radioed suggestion of Continental president Robert Six, tried to persuade the armed pair to swap the Boeing jet for a propeller-driven Douglas *j.
Actually, the officers on the ground had no intention of letting the hijackers get away with any kind of an airplane ; they had orders to that effect straight from President Kennedy, who thought at first, as did most others, that it was four followers of Cuba's Fidel Castro who had taken over the 707.
Mr. Kennedy had been informed early in the day of the attempt to steal the plane, kept in touch throughout by telephone.
At one time, while still under the impression that he was dealing with a Cuban plot, the President talked about invoking a total embargo on trade with Cuba.
As the morning wore on and a blazing West Texas sun wiped the shadows off the Franklin Mountains, police got close enough to the plane to pry into the baggage compartment.
From the luggage, they learned that the two air pirates, far from being Cubans, were native Americans, subsequently identified as Leon Bearden, 50-year-old ex-convict from Coolidge, Ariz., and his son, Cody, 16, a high-school junior.
Tension the heat and strain began to tell on the Beardens.
The father, by accident or perhaps to show, as he said, we mean business, took the.45
And fired a slug between the legs of Second Officer Norman Simmons.
At 7:30 a.m., more than three hours after landing, the Beardens gave an ultimatum : take off or see the hostages killed.
The tower cleared the plane for take-off at 8 a.m., and Captain Rickards began taxiing toward the runway.
Several police cars, loaded with armed officers, raced alongside, blazing away at the tires of the big jet.
The slugs flattened ten tires and silenced one of the inboard engines ; the plane slowed to a halt.
Ambulances, baggage trucks, and cars surrounded it.
The day wore on.
At 12:50 p.m. a ramp was rolled up to the plane.
A few minutes later, *j agent Francis Crosby, talking fast, eased up the ramp to the plane, unarmed.
While Crosby distracted the Beardens, stewardesses Carnegey and Toni Besset dropped out of a rear door.
So did hostages Casey, Cleveland, and Mullen.
That left only the four crew members, Crosby, and Border Patrolman Gilman, all unarmed, with the Beardens.
The elder Bearden had one pistol in his hand, the other in a hip pocket.
Gilman started talking to him until he saw his chance.
He caught officer Simmons' eye, nodded toward young Bearden, and -- I swung my right as hard as I could.
Simmons and Crosby jumped the boy and it was all over.
Frog-marched off the airplane at 1:48 p.m., the Beardens were held in bail of $100,000 each on charges of kidnapping and transporting a stolen plane across state lines.
( Bearden reportedly hoped to peddle the plane to Castro, and live high in Cuba.
) back home in Coolidge, Ariz., his 36-year-old wife, Mary, said : I thought they were going to Phoenix to look for jobs.
Congress : more muscle taking precedence over all other legislation on Capitol Hill last week was the military strength of the nation.
The Senate put other business aside as it moved with unaccustomed speed and unanimity to pass -- 85 to 0 -- the largest peacetime defense budget in U.*s. history.
With the money all but in hand, however, the Administration indicated that, instead of the 225,000 more men in uniform that President Kennedy had requested, the armed forces would be increased by only 160,000.
The hold-back, as Pentagon mutterers labeled it, apparently was a temporary expedient intended to insure that the army services are built up gradually and, thus, the new funds spent prudently.
In all, the Senate signed a check for $46.7 billion, which not only included the extra $3.5 billion requested the week before by President Kennedy, but tacked on $754 million more than the President had asked for.
( the Senate, on its own, decided to provide additional *j and other long-range bombers for the Strategic Air Command.
) The House, which had passed its smaller appropriation before the President's urgent call for more, was expected to go along with the increased defense budget in short order.
In other areas, Congressional action last week included : the Senate ( by voice vote ) and the House ( by 224-170 ) passed and sent to the White House the compromise farm bill which the President is expected to sign, not too unhappily.
The Senate also voted $5.2 billion to finance the government's health, welfare, and labor activities.
Debate on the all-important foreign-aid bill, with its controversial long-range proposals, had just begun on the Senate floor at the weekend.
White House legislative aides were still confident the bill would pass intact.
Food : stew a la Mulligatawny most members of the U.*s. Senate, because they are human, like to eat as high on the hog as they can.
But, because they are politicians, they like to talk as poor-mouth as the lowliest voter.
As a result, ever since 1851 when the Senate restaurant opened in the new wing of the Capitol Building, the senators have never ceased to grumble about the food -- even while they opposed every move that might improve it.
Over the years, enlivened chiefly by disputes about the relative merits of Maine and Idaho potatoes, the menu has pursued its drab all-*american course.
Individual senators, with an eye to the voters back home, occasionally introduced smelts from Michigan, soft-shell crabs from Maryland, oysters from Washington, grapefruit from Florida.
But plain old bean soup, served daily since the turn of the century ( at the insistence of the late Sen. Fred Dubois of Idaho ), made clear to the citizenry that the Senate's stomach was in the right place.
In a daring stroke, the Senate ventured forth last week into the world of haute cuisine and hired a $10,000-per-year French-born maitre d'hotel.
Holders of toll-road bonds are finding improvements in monthly reports on operation of the turnpikes.
Long-term trend of traffic on these roads seems clearly upward.
Higher toll rates also are helping boost revenues.
Result is a better prospect for a full payoff by bonds that once were regarded as highly speculative.
Things are looking up these days for many of the State turnpikes on which investors depend for income from their toll-road bonds.
Traffic on nearly all the turnpikes has been growing.
That added traffic means rising streams of dimes and quarters at toll gates.
As a result of the new outlook for turnpikes, investors who bought toll-road bonds when these securities ranked as outright speculations are now finding new hope for their investments.
Another result is that buyers are tending to bid up the prices of these tax-exempt bonds.
Other tax-exempt bonds of State and local governments hit a price peak on February 21, according to Standard & Poor's average.
On balance, prices of those bonds have slipped a bit since then.
However, in the same three-month period, toll-road bonds, as a group, have bucked this trend.
On these bonds, price rises since February 21 easily outnumber price declines.
Tax-free returns.
Investors, however, still see an element of more-than-ordinary risk in the toll-road bonds.
You find the evidence of that in the chart on this page.
Many of the toll-road bonds still are selling at prices that offer the prospect of an annual yield of 4 per cent, or very close to that.
And this is true in the case of some turnpikes on which revenues have risen close to, or beyond, the point at which the roads start to pay all operating costs plus annual interest on the bonds.
That 4 per cent yield is well below the return to be had on good corporation bonds.
It's not much more, in fact, than the return that is offered on U. S. Treasury bonds.
For investors whose income is taxed at high rates, though, a tax-free yield of 4 per cent is high.
It is the equivalent of 8 per cent for an unmarried investor with more than $16,000 of income to be taxed, or for a married couple with more than $32,000 of taxed income.
Swelling traffic.
A new report on the earnings records of toll roads in the most recent 12-month period -- ending in February or March -- shows what is happening.
The report is based on a survey by Blyth & Company, investment bankers.
Nearly all the turnpikes show gains in net revenues during the period.
And there is the bright note : the gains were achieved in the face of temporary traffic lags late in 1960 and early in 1961 as a result of business recession.
Many of the roads also were hit by an unusually severe winter.
Indication : the long-term trend of turnpike traffic is upward.
Look, for example, at the Ohio Turnpike.
Traffic on that road slumped sharply in January and February, as compared with those same months in 1960.
Then March brought an 18 per cent rise in net revenues -- after operating costs.
As a result, the road's net revenues in the 12 months ending March 31 were 186 per cent of the annual interest payments on the turnpike bonds.
That was up from 173 per cent in the preceding 12 months.
That same pattern of earnings shows up on the Massachusetts Turnpike.
Operating revenues were off in the first three months of 1961, but up for the 12 months ending in March.
Costs were held down, despite a bitter winter.
For the year, the road earned 133 per cent of its interest costs, against 121 per cent in the preceding period.
The road's engineers look for further improvement when the turnpike is extended into Boston.
Slow successes.
Some turnpikes have not been in full operation long enough to prove what they can do.
The 187-mile Illinois State Toll Highway, for example, was not opened over its entire length until December, 1958.
In the 12 months ended in February, 1960, the highway earned enough to cover 64 per cent of its interest load -- with the remainder paid out of initial reserves.
In the 12 months ended in February, 1961, this highway earned 93 per cent of its interest.
That improvement is continuing.
In the first two months of 1961, earnings of the Illinois highway available for interest payments were up 55 per cent from early 1960.
Success, for many turnpikes, has come hard.
Traffic frequently has failed to measure up to engineers' rosy estimates.
In these cases, the turnpike managements have had to turn to toll-rate increases, or to costly improvements such as extensions or better connections with other highways.
Many rate increases already have been put into effect.
Higher tolls are planned for July 1, 1961, on the Richmond-*petersburg, Va., Turnpike, and proposals for increased tolls on the Texas Turnpike are under study.
Easier access.
Progress is being made, too, in improving motorists' access to many turnpikes.
The Kansas Turnpike offers an illustration.
Net earnings of that road rose from 62 per cent of interest requirements in calendar 1957 to 86 per cent in the 12 months ended Feb. 28, 1961.
Further improvements in earnings of the Kansas Turnpike are expected late in 1961, with the opening of a new bypass at Wichita, and still later when the turnpike gets downtown connections in both Kansas City, Kans., and Kansas City, Mo..
Meanwhile, there appears to be enough money in the road's reserve fund to cover the interest deficiency for eight more years.
For some roads, troubles.
Investors studying the toll-road bonds for opportunities find that not all roads are nearing their goals.
Traffic and revenues on the Chicago Skyway have been a great disappointment to planners and investors alike.
If nothing is done, the prospect is that that road will be in default of interest in 1962.
West Virginia toll bonds have defaulted in interest for months, and, despite recent improvement in revenues, holders of the bonds are faced with more of the same.
These, however, are exceptions.
The typical picture at this time is one of steady improvement.
It's going to take time for investors to learn how many of the toll-road bonds will pay out in full.
Already, however, several of the turnpikes are earning enough to cover interest requirements by comfortable margins.
Many others are attracting the traffic needed to push revenues up to the break-even point.
A top American official, after a look at Europe's factories, thinks the U.*s. is in a very serious situation competitively.
Commerce Secretary Luther Hodges, accompanied by a member of our staff, on May 10 toured plants of two of Italy's biggest companies -- Fiat, the auto producer, and Olivetti, maker of typewriters and calculating machines.
Our staff man cabled from Turin as follows -- follow Secretary Hodges through the Fiat plant, and you learn this : one, modern equipment -- much of it supplied under the Marshall Plan -- enables Fiat to turn out 2,100 cars a day.
About half of these are exported.
Two, wage costs are a fraction of the U.*s. costs.
A skilled worker on the assembly line, for example, earns $37 a week.
Three, labor troubles are infrequent.
Fiat officials say they have had no strikes for more than six years.
Said Secretary Hodges : it's a tough combination for the U.*s. to face.
Olivetti had a special interest for Hodges.
Olivetti took over Underwood, the U.*s. typewriter maker, in late 1959.
Within a year, without reducing wages, Underwood's production costs were cut one third, prices were slashed.
The result has been that exports of Underwood products have doubled.
The Olivetti plant near Turin has modern layout, modern machinery.
The firm is design-conscious, sales-conscious, advertising-conscious.
Hodges is trying to get more foreign business to go to the U.*s..
The inflow of foreign capital would help the U.*s. balance of payments.
Hodges predicted : I think we will see more foreign firms coming to the U.*s..
There are many places where we can use their vigor and new ideas.
Foreign competition has become so severe in certain textiles that Washington is exploring new ways of handling competitive imports.
The recently unveiled Kennedy moves to control the international textile market can be significant for American businessmen in many lines.
Important aspects of the Kennedy textile plans are these : an international conference of the big textile-importing and textile-exporting countries will be called shortly by President Kennedy.
Chief aims of the proposed conference are worth noting.
The U.*s. will try to get agreement among the industrialized countries to take more textile imports from the less-developed countries over the years.
Point is that developing countries often build up a textile industry first, need encouragement to get on their feet.
If they have trouble exporting, international bill for their support will grow larger than it otherwise would.
Idea is to let these countries earn their way as much as possible.
At the same time, another purpose of the conference will be to get certain low-wage countries to control textile exports -- especially dumping of specific products -- to high-wage textile-producing countries.
Japan, since 1957, has been voluntarily curbing exports of textiles to the U.*s..
Hong Kong, India and Pakistan have been limiting exports of certain types of textiles to Britain for several years under the Lancashire Pact.
None of these countries is happy with these arrangements.
The Japanese want to increase exports to the U.*s. while they have been curbing shipments, they have watched Hong Kong step in and capture an expanding share of the big U.*s. market.
Hong Kong interests loudly protest limiting their exports to Britain, while Spanish and Portuguese textiles pour into British market unrestrictedly.
The Indians and Pakistanis are chafing under similar restrictions on the British market for similar reasons.
The Kennedy hope is that, at the conference or through bilateral talks, the low-wage textile-producing countries in Asia and Europe will see that dumping practices cause friction all around and may result in import quotas.
Gradual, controlled expansion of the world's textile trade is what President Kennedy wants.
This may point the way toward international stabilization agreements in other products.
It's an important clue to Washington thinking.
Note, too, that the Kennedy textile plan looks toward modernization or shrinkage of the U.*s. textile industry.
Get competitive or get out.
In veiled terms, that's what the Kennedy Administration is saying to the American textile industry.
The Government will help in transferring companies and workers into new lines, where modernization doesn't seem feasible.
Special depreciation on new textile machinery may be allowed.
Government research will look into new products and methods.
Import quotas aren't ruled out where the national interest is involved.
But the Kennedy Administration doesn't favor import quotas.
Rather, they are impressed with the British Government's success in forcing -- and helping -- the British textile industry to shrink and to change over to other products.
What's happening in textiles can be handwriting on the wall for other lines having difficulty competing with imports from low-wage countries.
Among the highest-paid workers in the world are U.*s. coal miners.
Yet U.*s. coal is cheap enough to make foreign steelmakers' mouths water.
Steel Company of Wales, a British steelmaker, wants to bring in Virginia coal, cut down on its takings of Welsh coal in order to be able to compete more effectively -- especially in foreign markets.
Virginia coal, delivered by ship in Wales, will be about $2.80 a ton cheaper than Welsh coal delivered by rail from nearby mines.
U.*s. coal is cheap, despite high wages, because of widespread mechanization of mines, wide coal seams, attactive rates on ocean freight.
Many of the coal seams in the nationalized British mines are twisting, narrow and very deep.
Productivity of U.*s. miners is twice that of the British.
Welsh coal miners, Communist-led, are up in arms at the suggestion that the steel company bring in American coal.
They threaten to strike.
The British Government will have to decide whether to let U.*s. coal in.
The British coal industry is unprofitable, has large coal stocks it can't sell.
Every library borrower, or at least those whose taste goes beyond the five-cent fiction rentals, knows what it is to hear the librarian say apologetically, I'm sorry, but we don't have that book.
There wouldn't be much demand for it, I'm afraid.
Behind this reply, and its many variations, is the ever-present budget problem all libraries must face, from the largest to the smallest.
What to buy out of the year's grist of nearly 15,000 book titles?
What to buy for adult and child readers, for lovers of fiction and nonfiction, for a clientele whose wants are incredibly diversified, when your budget is pitifully small?
Most library budgets are hopelessly inadequate.
A startlingly high percentage do not exceed $500 annually, which includes the librarian's salary, and not even the New York Public has enough money to meet its needs -- this in the world's richest city.
The plight of a small community library is proportionately worse.
Confronted with this situation, most libraries either endure the severe limitations of their budgets and do what they can with what they have, or else depend on the bounty of patrons and local governments to supplement their annual funds.
In some parts of the country, however, a co-operative movement has begun to grow, under the wing of state governments, whereby, with the financial help of the state, libraries share their book resources on a county-wide or regional basis.
New York State has what is probably the most advanced of these co-operative systems, so well developed that it has become a model for others to follow.
Because it is so large a state, with marked contrasts in population density, the organization of the New York co-operative offers a cross-section of how the plan works.
At one extreme are the systems of upper New York State, where libraries in two or more counties combine to serve a large, sparsely populated area.
At the other are organizations like the newly formed Nassau Library System, in a high-density area, with ample resources and a rapidly growing territory to serve.
Both these types, and those in between, are in existence by reason of a legislative interest in libraries that began at Albany as early as 1950, with the creation by the legislature of county library systems financed by county governments with matching funds from the state.
It was a step in the right direction, but it took an additional act passed in 1958 to establish fully the thriving systems of today.
Under this law annual grants are given to systems in substantial amounts.
An earlier difficulty was overcome by making it clear that individual libraries in any area might join or not, as they saw fit.
Some library boards are wary of the plan.
A large, well-stocked library, surrounded in a county by smaller ones, may feel that the demands on its resources are likely to be too great.
A small library may cherish its independence and established ways, and resist joining in a cooperative movement that sometimes seems radical to older members of the board.
Within a system, however, the autonomy of each member library is preserved.
The local community maintains responsibility for the financial support of its own library program, facilities, and services, but wider resources and additional services become available through membership in a system.
All services are given without cost to members.
So obvious are these advantages that nearly 95 per cent of the population of New York State now has access to a system, and enthusiastic librarians foresee the day, not too distant, when all the libraries in the state will belong to a co-op.
To set up a co-operative library system, the law requires a central book collection of 100,000 nonfiction volumes as the nucleus, and the system is organized around it.
The collection may be in an existing library, or it may be built up in a central collection.
Each system develops differently, according to the area it serves, but the universal goal is to pool the resources of a given area for maximum efficiency.
The basic state grant is thirty cents for each person served, and there is a further book incentive grant that provides an extra twenty cents up to fifty cents per capita, if a library spends a certain number of dollars.
In Nassau County, for example, the heavily settled Long Island suburb of New York City, the system is credited by the state with serving one million persons, a figure that has doubled since 1950.
This system, by virtue of its variety and size, offers an inclusive view of the plan in operation.
The Nassau system recognizes that its major task it to broaden reference service, what with the constant expansion of education and knowledge, and the pressure of population growth in a metropolitan area.
The need is for reference works of a more specialized nature than individual libraries, adequate to satisfy everyday needs, could afford.
Nassau is currently building a central collection of reference materials in its Hempstead headquarters, which will reach its goal of 100,000 volumes by 1965.
The major part of this collection is in the central headquarters building, and the remainder is divided among five libraries in the system designated as subject centers.
Basic reference tools are the backbone of the collection, but there is also specialization in science and technology, an indicated weakness in local libraries.
On microfilm, headquarters also has a file of the New York Times from its founding in 1851 to the present day, as well as bound volumes of important periodicals.
The entire headquarters collection is available to the patrons of all members on interlibrary loans.
Headquarters gets about 100 requests every day.
It is connected by teletype with the State Library in Albany, which will supply any book to a system that the system itself cannot provide.
The books are carried around by truck in canvas bags from headquarters to the other libraries.
Each subject center library was chosen because of its demonstrated strength in a particular area, which headquarters could then build upon.
East Meadow has philosophy, psychology, and religion ; Freeport houses social science, pure science, and language ; history, biography, and education are centered in Hempstead ; Levittown has applied science, business, and literature ; while Hewlett-*woodmere is the repository of art, music, and foreign languages.
The reference coordinator at headquarters also serves as a consultant, and is available to work with the local librarian in helping to strengthen local reference service.
This kind of cooperation is not wholly new, of course.
Public libraries in Nassau County have been lending books to each other by mail for a quarter-century, but the system enables this process to operate on an organized and far more comprehensive basis.
Local libraries find, too, that the new plan saves tax dollars because books can be bought through the system, and since the system buys in bulk it is able to obtain larger discounts than would be available to an individual library.
The system passes on these savings to its members.
Further money is saved through economy in bookkeeping and clerical detail as the result of central billing.
Books are not the only resource of the system.
Schools and community groups turn to the headquarters film library for documentary, art, and experimental films to show at libraries that sponsor local programs, and to organizations in member communities.
The most recent film catalogue, available at each library, lists 110 titles presently in the collection, any of which may be borrowed without charge.
This catalogue lists separately films suitable for children, young adults, or adults, although some classics cut across age groups, such as Nanook Of The North, The Emperor's Nightingale, and The Red Balloon.
Workshops are conducted by the system's audio-visual consultant for the staffs of member libraries, teaching them the effective use of film as a library service.
The system well understands that one of its primary responsibilities is to bring children and books together ; consequently an experienced children's librarian at headquarters conducts a guidance program designed to promote well-planned library activities, cooperating with the children's librarians in member libraries by means of individual conferences, workshops, and frequent visits.
Headquarters has also set up a central juvenile book-review and book-selection center, to provide better methods of purchasing and selection.
Sample copies of new books are on display at headquarters, where librarians may evaluate them by themselves or in workshop groups.
Story hours, pre-school programs, activities with community agencies, and lists of recommended reading are all in the province of the children's consultant.
Headquarters of the Nassau system is an increasingly busy place these days, threatening to expand beyond its boundaries.
In addition to the interlibrary loan service and the children's program, headquarters has a public relations director who seeks to get wider grassroots support for quality library service in the county ; it prepares cooperative displays ( posters, booklists, brochures, and other promotional material ) for use in member libraries ; it maintains a central exhibit collection to share displays already created and used ; and it publishes Sum And Substance, a monthly newsletter, which reports the system's activities to the staffs and trustees of member libraries.
The system itself is governed by a board of trustees, geographically representing its membership.
In Nassau, as in other systems, the long-range objective is to bring the maximum service of libraries to bear on the schools, and on adult education in general.
Librarians, a patient breed of men and women who have borne much with dedication, can begin to see results today.
Library use is multiplying daily, and the bulk of the newcomers are those maligned Americans, the teen-agers.
To them especially the librarians, with the help of co-ops, hope they will never have to say, I'm sorry, we don't have that book.
Today, more than ever before, the survival of our free society depends upon the citizen who is both informed and concerned.
The great advances made in recent years in Communist strength and in our own capacity to destroy require an educated citizenry in the Western world.
The need for lifetime reading is apparent.
Education must not be limited to our youth but must be a continuing process through our entire lives, for it is only through knowledge that we, as a nation, can cope with the dangers that threaten our society.
The desire and ability to read are important aspects of our cultural life.
We cannot consider ourselves educated if we do not read ; if we are not discriminating in our reading ; if we do not know how to use what we do read.
We must not permit our society to become a slave to the scientific age, as might well happen without the cultural and spiritual restraint that comes from the development of the human mind through wisdom absorbed from the written word.
A fundamental source of knowledge in the world today is the book found in our libraries.
Although progress has been made in America's system of libraries it still falls short of what is required if we are to maintain the standards that are needed for an informed America.
The problem grows in intensity each year as man's knowledge, and his capacity to translate such knowledge to the written word, continue to expand.
The inadequacy of our library system will become critical unless we act vigorously to correct this condition.
There are, for example, approximately 25,000,000 people in this country with no public library service and about 50,000,000 with inadequate service.
In college libraries, 57 per cent of the total number of books are owned by 124 of 1,509 institutions surveyed last year by the U.*s. Office of Education.
And over 66 per cent of the elementary schools with 150 or more pupils do not have any library at all.
In every aspect of service -- to the public, to children in schools, to colleges and universities -- the library of today is failing to render vitally needed services.
Only public understanding and support can provide that service.
This is one of the main reasons for National Library Week, April 16-22, and for its theme : for a richer, fuller life, read ] assembly session brought much good the General Assembly, which adjourns today, has performed in an atmosphere of crisis and struggle from the day it convened.
It was faced immediately with a showdown on the schools, an issue which was met squarely in conjunction with the governor with a decision not to risk abandoning public education.
There followed the historic appropriations and budget fight, in which the General Assembly decided to tackle executive powers.
The final decision went to the executive but a way has been opened for strengthening budgeting procedures and to provide legislators information they need.
Long-range planning of programs and ways to finance them have become musts if the state in the next few years is to avoid crisis-to-crisis government.
This session, for instance, may have insured a financial crisis two years from now.
In all the turmoil, some good legislation was passed.
Some other good bills were lost in the shuffle and await future action.
Certainly all can applaud passage of an auto title law, the school bills, the increase in teacher pensions, the ban on drag racing, acceptance by the state of responsibility for maintenance of state roads in municipalities at the same rate as outside city limits, repeal of the college age limit law and the road maintenance bond issue.
No action has been taken, however, on such major problems as ending the fee system, penal reform, modification of the county unit system and in outright banning of fireworks sales.
Only a token start was made in attacking the tax reappraisal question and its companion issue of attracting industry to the state.
The legislature expended most of its time on the schools and appropriations questions.
Fortunately it spared us from the usual spate of silly resolutions which in the past have made Georgia look like anything but the empire state of the South.
We congratulate the entire membership on its record of good legislation.
In the interim between now and next year, we trust the House and Senate will put their minds to studying Georgia's very real economic, fiscal and social problems and come up with answers without all the political heroics.
League regularly stands on the side of right the League of Women Voters, 40 now and admitting it proudly, is inviting financial contributions in the windup of its fund drive.
It's a good use of money.
These women whose organization grew out of the old suffrage movement are dedicated to Thomas Jefferson's dictum that one must cherish the people's spirit but keep alive their attention.
If once they become inattentive to the public affairs, Jefferson said, you and I, and Congress and assemblies, judges and governors, shall all become wolves.
Newspapermen and politicians especially are aware of the penetrating attention and expert analysis the league gives to public affairs.
The league workers search out the pros and cons of the most complex issues and make them available to the public.
The harder the choice, the more willing the league is to wade in.
And the league takes a stand, with great regularity, on the side of right.
Look to Coosa Valley for industrial progress cities and counties interested in industrial development would do well in the months ahead to keep their eyes peeled toward the 13 northwest Georgia counties that are members of the Coosa Valley Area Planning and Development Commission.
Coupling its own budget of $83,750 with a $30,000 state grant authorized by Gov. Vandiver, the group expects to sign a contract in March with Georgia Tech..
Then a full-time planning office will be established in Rome to work with a five-member Georgia Tech research staff for development of an area planning and industrial development program.
The undertaking has abundant promise.
It recognizes the fact that what helps one county helps its neighbors and that by banding together in an area-wide effort better results can be accomplished than through the go-it-alone approach.
Rusk idea strengthens United States defense the Rusk belief in balanced defense, replacing the Dulles theory of massive retaliation, removes a grave danger that has existed.
The danger lay not in believing that our own *j would deter Russia's use of hers ; that theory was and is sound.
The danger lay in the American delusion that nuclear deterrence was enough.
By limiting American strength too much to nuclear strength, this country limited its ability to fight any kind of war besides a nuclear war.
This strategy heightened the possibility that we would have a nuclear war.
It also weakened our diplomatic stance, because Russia could easily guess we did not desire a nuclear war except in the ultimate extremity.
This left the Soviets plenty of leeway to start low-grade brushfire aggressions with considerable impunity.
By maintaining the nuclear deterrent, but gearing American military forces to fight conventional wars too, Secretary of State Rusk junks bluff and nuclear brinkmanship and builds more muscle and greater safety into our military position.
De*kalb budget shows county is on beam De*kalb's budget for 1961 is a record one and carries with it the promise of no tax increase to make it balance.
It includes a raise in the county minimum wage, creation of several new jobs at the executive level, financing of beefed-up industrial development efforts, and increased expenditures for essential services such as health and welfare, fire protection, sanitation and road maintenance.
That such expansion can be obtained without a raise in taxes is due to growth of the tax digest and sound fiscal planning on the part of the board of commissioners, headed by Chairman Charles O. Emmerich who is demonstrating that the public trust he was given was well placed, and other county officials.
Somewhere, somebody is bound to love us G. Mennen Williams is learning the difficulties of diplomacy rapidly.
Touring Africa, the new U.*s. Assistant Secretary of State observed Africa should be for the Africans and the British promptly denounced him.
Then he arrived in Zanzibar and found Africans carrying signs saying American imperialists, go home.
Chin up, Soapy.
Power company backs confidence with dollars confidence in the state's economic future is reflected in the Georgia Power Company's record construction budget for this year.
The firm does a large amount of research and its forecasts have meaning.
It is good to know that Georgia will continue to have sufficient electrical power not only to meet the demands of normal growth but to encourage a more rapid rate of industrialization.
Georgia's mental health program received a badly needed boost from the General Assembly in the form of a $1,750,000 budget increase for the Milledgeville State Hospital.
Actually it amounts to $1,250,000 above what the institution already is receiving, considering the additional half-million dollars Gov. Vandiver allocated last year from the state surplus.
Either way it sounds like a sizable hunk of money and is.
But exactly how far it will go toward improving conditions is another question because there is so much that needs doing.
The practice of charging employes for meals whether they eat at the hospital or not should be abolished.
The work week of attendants who are on duty 65 hours and more per week should be reduced.
More attendants, nurses and doctors should be hired.
Patients deserve more attention than they are getting.
Even with the increase in funds for the next fiscal year, Georgia will be spending only around $3.15 per day per patient.
The national average is more than $4 and that figure is considered by experts in the mental health field to be too low.
Kansas, regarded as tops in the nation in its treatment of the mentally ill, spends $9 per day per patient.
Georgia has made some reforms, true.
The intensive treatment program is working well.
But in so many other areas we still are dragging.
Considering what is being done compared to what needs to be done, it behooves the hospital management to do some mighty careful planning toward making the best possible use of the increase granted.
The boost is helpful but inadequate.
The end of Trujillo assassination, even of a tyrant, is repulsive to men of good conscience.
Rafael Trujillo, the often blood-thirsty dictator of the Dominican Republic for 31 years, perhaps deserved his fate in an even-handed appraisal of history.
But whether the murder of El Benefactor in Ciudad Trujillo means freedom for the people of the Caribbean fiefdom is a question that cannot now be answered.
Trujillo knew a great deal about assassination.
The responsibility for scores of deaths, including the abduction and murder of Jesus Maria Galindez, a professor at Columbia University in New York, has been laid at his door.
He had been involved in countless schemes to do away with democratic leaders in neighboring countries such as President Romulo Betancourt of Venezuela.
It was a sort of poetic justice that at the time of his own demise a new plot to overthrow the Venezuelan government, reportedly involving the use of Dominican arms by former Venezuelan Dictator Marcos Perez Jimenez, has been uncovered and quashed.
The recent history of the Dominican Republic is an almost classical study of the way in which even a professedly benevolent dictatorship tends to become oppressive.
Unquestionably Trujillo did some good things for his country : he improved public facilities such as roads and sanitation, attracted industry and investment and raised the standard of living notably.
But the price was the silence of the grave for all criticism or opposition.
El Benefactor's vanity grew with his personal wealth.
The jails were filled to overflowing with political prisoners who had incurred his displeasure.
He maintained amply financed lobbies in the United States and elsewhere which sycophantically chanted his praise, and his influence extended even to Congress.
Until the last year or so the profession of friendship with the United States had been an article of faith with Trujillo, and altogether too often this profession was accepted here as evidence of his good character.
Tardily the Government here came to understand how this country's own reputation was tarnished by the association with repression.
Last year, after Trujillo had been cited for numerous aggressions in the Caribbean, the United States and many other members of the Organization of American States broke diplomatic relations with him.
Thereupon followed a demonstration that tyranny knows no ideological confines.
Trujillo's dictatorship had been along conservative, right-wing lines.
But after the censure he and his propaganda started mouthing Communist slogans.
There was considerable evidence of a tacit rapprochement with Castro in Cuba, previously a bete noire to Trujillo -- thus illustrating the way in which totalitarianism of the right and left coalesces.
What comes after Trujillo is now the puzzle.
The Dominican people have known no democratic institutions and precious little freedom for a generation, and all alternative leadership has been suppressed.
Perhaps the army will be able to maintain stability, but the vacuum of free institutions creates a great danger.
The Dominican Republic could turn toward Communist-type authoritarianism as easily as toward Western freedom.
Such a twist would be a tragedy for the Dominican people, who deserve to breathe without fear.
For that reason any democratic reform and effort to bring genuine representative government to the Dominican Republic will need the greatest sympathy and help.
Start on rapid transit high-speed buses on the George Washington Memorial Parkway, operating between downtown Washington and Cabin John, Glen Echo and Brookmont, would constitute an alluring sample of what the new National Capital Transportation Agency can do for this city.
In presenting plans for such express buses before the Montgomery County Council, the administrator of the *j, C. Darwin Stolzenbach, was frankly seeking support for the projects his agency will soon be launching.
Such support should not be difficult to come by if all the plans to be presented by the *j are as attractive as this outline of express buses coming into the downtown area.
Because the buses would not stop on the parkway, land for bus stations and for parking areas nearby will be needed.
The *j is well advised to seek funds for this purpose from the present session of Congress.
Must Berlin remain divided?
The inference has been too widely accepted that because the Communists have succeeded in building barricades across Berlin the free world must acquiesce in dismemberment of that living city.
So far as the record is concerned, the Western powers have not acquiesced and should not do so.
Though Walter Ulbricht, by grace of Soviet tanks, may be head man in East Germany, that does not give him any right to usurp the government of East Berlin or to absorb that semi-city into the Soviet zone.
The wartime protocol of September 12, 1944, designated a special Greater Berlin area, comprising the entire city, to be under joint occupation.
It was not a part of any one of the three ( later four ) zones for occupation by Soviet, American, British, and French troops respectively.
After the Berlin blockade and airlift, the Council of Foreign Ministers in 1949 declared a purpose to mitigate the effects of the present administrative division of Germany and of Berlin.
For some time the Communists honored the distinction between the Soviet zone of Germany and the Soviet sector of Berlin by promulgating separately the laws for the two areas.
Then they moved offices of the East German puppet government into East Berlin and began illegally to treat it as the capital of East Germany.
That this and the closing of the East Berlin-*west Berlin border have not been accepted by the Western governments appears in notes which Britain, France, and the United States sent to Moscow after the latter's gratuitous protest over a visit of Chancellor Adenauer and other West German officials to West Berlin.
The Chancellor had as much business there as Ulbricht had in East Berlin -- and was certainly less provocative than the juvenile sound-truck taunts of Gerhard Eisler.
The British and other replies to that Moscow note pointed out efforts of the Communist authorities to integrate East Berlin into East Germany by isolating it from the outside and attempting to make it the capital of East Germany.
They insisted on the fundamental fact that the whole of Berlin has a quadripartite status.
This is far from acknowledging or recognizing those efforts as an accomplished fact.
There remains, of course, the question of what the West can do beyond diplomatic protest to prevent the illegal efforts from becoming accomplished facts.
One ground of action certainly exists when fusillades of stray shots go over into West Berlin as Communist vopos try to gun down fleeing unarmed residents.
Another remained when an American Army car was recovered but with a broken glass.
The glass may seem trivial but Communist official hooliganism feeds on such incidents unless they are redressed.
Remembering the step-by-step fate of Danzig and the West German misgivings about salami tactics, it is to be hoped that the dispatch of General Clay to West Berlin as President Kennedy's representative will mark a stiffening of response not only to future indignities and aggressions but also to some that have passed.
Prairie National Park thousands of buffalo ( bison they will never be to the man on the street ) grazing like a mobile brown throw-rug upon the rolling, dusty-green grassland.
A horizon even and seamless, binding the vast sun-bleached dome of sky to earth.
That picture of the American prairie is as indelibly fixed in the memory of those who have studied the conquest of the American continent as any later cinema image of the West made in live-oak canyons near Hollywood.
For it was the millions of buffalo and prairie chicken and the endless seas of grass that symbolized for a whole generation of Americans the abundant supply that was to take many of them westward when the Ohio and Mississippi valleys began to fill.
The National Park Service now proposes to preserve an area in Pottawatomie County, northeast Kansas, as a Prairie National Park.
There the buffalo would roam, to be seen as a tapestry, not as moth-eaten zoo specimens.
Wooded stream valleys in the folds of earth would be saved.
Grasslands would extend, unfenced, unplowed, unbroken by silo or barn -- as the first settlers saw them.
The Park Service makes an impressive ecological and statistical case for creating this new park.
American history should clinch the case when Congress is asked to approve.
Whisky on the air a Philadelphia distiller is currently breaching the customary prohibition against hard-liquor advertising on *j and radio.
Starting with small stations not members of the National Association of Broadcasters, the firm apparently is seeking to break down the anti-liquor barriers in major-market stations.
Probably the best answer to this kind of entering wedge is congressional action requiring the Federal Communications Commission to ban such advertising through its licensing power.
The National Association of Broadcasters code specifically bars hard-liquor commercials.
Past polls of public opinion show popular favor for this policy.
Even the Distilled Spirits Institute has long had a specific prohibition.
Why, then, with these voluntary barricades and some state laws barring liquor ads, is it necessary to seek congressional action?
Simply because the subverting action of firms that are not members of the Distilled Spirits Institute and of radio and *j stations that are not members of the *j tends to spread.
Soon some members of the two industry groups doubtless will want to amend their codes on grounds that otherwise they will suffer unfairly from the efforts of non-code competitors.
Although the false glamour surrounding bourbon or other whisky commercials is possibly no more fatuous than the pseudo-sophistication with which *j soft-drinks are downed or toothpaste applied, there is a sad difference between enticing a viewer into sipping Oopsie-*cola and gulling him into downing bourbon.
A law is needed.
New York : Democrats' choice registered Democrats in New York City this year have the opportunity to elect their party's candidates for Mayor and other municipal posts and the men who will run their party organization.
In the central contest, that for Mayor, they may have found some pertinent points in what each faction has said about the other.
Mayor Robert F. Wagner must, as his opponents demand, assume responsibility for his performance in office.
While all citizens share in blame for lax municipal ethics the Wagner regime has seen serious problems in the schools, law enforcement and fiscal policies.
The Mayor is finding it awkward to campaign against his own record.
State Controller Arthur Levitt, on the other hand, cannot effectively deny that he has chosen to be the candidate of those party leaders who as a rule have shown livelier interest in political power than in the city's welfare.
They, too, have links with the city's ills.
Both men are known to be honest and public-spirited.
Mayor Wagner's shortcomings have perhaps been more mercilessly exposed than those of Mr. Levitt who left an impression of quiet competence in his more protected state post.
As Mayor, Mr. Levitt might turn out to be more independent than some of his leading supporters would like.
His election, on the other hand, would unquestionably strengthen the regulars.
Mr. Wagner might or might not be a new Mayor in this third term, now that he is free of the pressure of those party leaders whom he calls bosses.
These are, of course, the same people whose support he has only now rejected to seek the independent vote.
But his reelection would strengthen the liberal Democrats and the labor unions who back him.
If this choice is less exciting than New York Democrats may wish, it nevertheless must be made.
The vote still gives citizens a voice in the operation of their government and their party.
Little war, big test both Mr. *j have so far continued to speak softly and carry big sticks over Laos.
President Kennedy, already two quiet demands down, still refused Thursday to be drawn into delivering a public ultimatum to Moscow.
But at the same time he moved his helicopter-borne marines to within an hour of the fighting.
And Secretary Rusk, en route to Bangkok, doubtless is trying to make emergency arrangements for the possible entry of Australian or Thai *j forces.
For Mr. Kennedy, speaking softly and carrying a sizable stick is making the best of a bad situation.
The new President is in no position to start out his dealings with Moscow by issuing callable bluffs.
He must show at the outset that he means exactly what he says.
In this case he has put the alternatives clearly to Mr. Khrushchev for the third time.
At his press conference Mr. Kennedy said, all we want in Laos is peace not war a truly neutral government not a cold war pawn.
At the scene he has just as clearly shown his military strength in unprovocative but ready position.
Since Laos is of no more purely military value to Moscow itself than it is to Washington, this approach might be expected to head off Mr. Khrushchev for the moment.
But because of the peculiar nature of the military situation in Laos, the Soviet leader must be tempted to let things ride -- a course that would appear to cost him little on the spot, but would bog Washington in a tactical mess.
As wars go, Laos is an extremely little one.
Casualties have been running about a dozen men a day.
The hard core of the pro-*communist rebel force numbers only some 2,000 tough Viet Minh guerrilla fighters.
But for the United States and its *j allies to attempt to shore up a less tough, less combat-tested government army in monsoon-shrouded, road-shy, guerrilla-th'-wisp terrain is a risk not savored by Pentagon planners.
But if anything can bring home to Mr. Khrushchev the idea that he will not really get much enjoyment from watching this Braddock-against-the-*indiansjj contest, it will probably be the fact that *j forces are ready to attempt it -- plus the fact that Moscow has something to lose from closing off disarmament and other bigger negotiations with Washington.
Fortunately both the Republicans and America's chief Western allies now are joined behind the neutral Laos aim of the President.
Actually it would be more accurate to say that the leader of the alliance now has swung fully behind the British policy of seeking to achieve a neutral Laos via the international bargaining table.
It is ironic that Washington is having to struggle so for a concept that for six years it bypassed as unreasonable.
The State Department tacitly rejected the neutral Laos idea after the Geneva conference of 1954, and last year Washington backed the rightist coup that ousted neutral Premier Souvanna Phouma.
But since last fall the United States has been moving toward a pro-neutralist position and now is ready to back the British plan for a cease-fire patrolled by outside observers and followed by a conference of interested powers.
The road to a guaranteed-neutral, coup-proof Laos is today almost as difficult as warfare on that nation's terrain.
But for the safety of Southeast Asia, and for the sake of the Laotian people -- who would not be well-ruled by either militant minority now engaged in the fighting -- this last big effort to seal that country from the cold war had to be made.
The world awaits Mr. Khrushchev's choice of alternatives.
A vote for educational *j the Senate's overwhelming ( 64-13 ) vote to support locally controlled educational *j efforts should be emulated in the lower house.
Twice previously the Senate has approved measures backing *j and the House has let them die.
But this year prospects may be better.
The House communications subcommittee is expected to report out a good bill calling for the states to match federal funds.
This year's Senate measure would provide each state and the District of Columbia with $1,000,000 to be used in support of private, state, or municipal *j efforts.
The funds would be used for equipment, not for land, buildings, or operation.
The relatively few communities that have educational stations have found them of considerable value.
But, lacking money from commercial sponsors, the stations have had difficulties meeting expenses or improving their service.
Other communities -- the ones to be aided most by the Senate bill -- have had difficulty starting such stations because of the high initial cost of equipment.
A good man departs.
Goodby, Mr. Sam.
Sam Rayburn was a good man, a good American, and, third, a good Democrat.
He was all of these rolled into one sturdy figure ; Mr. Speaker, Mr. Sam, and Mr. Democrat, at one and the same time.
The House was his habitat and there he flourished, first as a young representative, then as a forceful committee chairman, and finally in the post for which he seemed intended from birth, Speaker of the House, and second most powerful man in Washington.
Mr. Rayburn was not an easy man to classify or to label.
He was no flaming liberal, yet the New Deal, the Fair Deal and the New Frontier needed him.
He was not a rear-looking conservative, yet partisans of that persuasion will miss him as much as any.
Two of the vital qualities demanded of a politician by other politicians are that he always keep a confidence and that he keep his word.
Sam Rayburn took unnumbered secrets with him to the grave, for he was never loquacious, and his word, once given, was not subject to retraction.
It might be added that as he kept his word so he expected that others keep theirs.
The demonstration of his power was never flamboyant or theatrical.
His leadership was not for audiences.
A growl, a nod, was usually enough.
When it was not, one of the great dramas of Washington would be presented.
He would rise in the well of the House, his chin upon his chest, his hands gripping the side of a desk, and the political and legislative chatter would subside into silence.
He spoke briefly, sensibly, to the point and without oratorical flourishes.
He made good, plain American common sense and the House usually recognized it and acted upon it.
These public efforts were rare because Mr. Rayburn normally did his counseling, persuading and educating long before an issue reached its test on the House floor.
He expected Democrats to do their duty when it had been patiently pointed out to them.
With his long service he had a long memory, an excellent thing in a political leader.
He was, of course, in the House for a very long time.
There are only two men remaining in Congress who, with Rayburn, voted for the declaration of war against Germany in 1917.
To almost two generations of Americans it must have seemed as though the existence of Mr. Sam coincided with that of the House.
And it was the House he loved.
To be presiding officer of it was the end of his desire and ambition.
The Senate to him was not the upper body and he corrected those who said he served under the president.
He served with him.
Sound the roll of those with whom he served and who preceded him in death.
Woodrow Wilson, with whom he began his years in Washington, Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, *j, with whom he managed a social revolution.
And those still with us, Herbert C. Hoover, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy.
He was a fighter for those of his own party.
Mr. Truman has only to recall the hopeless campaign of 1948 to remember what a loyal partisan he was and the first experience of Mr. Kennedy with Congress would have been sadder than it was had not Mr. Sam been there.
As it was, his absence because of his final illness was a blow to the administration.
With Republican presidents, he fought fair.
He was his own man, not an automatic obstructionist.
He kept his attacks on Republicanism for partisan campaigns, but that is part of the game he was born to play.
Under any name -- Mr. Speaker, Mr. Democrat, Mr. Sam -- he was a good man.
*j off the Congo track thirteen Italian airmen who went to the Congo to serve the cause of peace under the United Nations banner have instead met violent death at the hands of Congolese troops supposedly their friends.
In 18 months, no more grisly incident has been reported from that jungle.
Simply out of bloodlust, their murderers dismembered the bodies and tossed the remains into the river.
The excuse was offered for them that they had mistaken the Italians for Belgian mercenaries.
In other words, atrocities by savages wearing the uniform of the central government might be condoned, had the victims been serving the cause of dissident Katanga.
Does this suggest that the Congo is fit for nationhood or that *j is making any progress whatever toward its goal of so making it?
To the contrary, through the past six weeks violence has been piled upon violence.
Mass rapes, troop mutinies, uncontrolled looting and pillage and reckless military adventures, given no sanction by any political authority, have become almost daily occurrences.
Yet this basic condition of outlawry and anarchy is not the work of Katanga.
It happens in the territory of the Leopoldville government, which is itself a fiction, demonstrably incapable of governing, and commanding only such limited credit abroad as *j support gives it.
The main question raised by the incident is how much longer will *j bury its head in the sand on the Congo problem instead of facing the bitter fact that it has no solution in present terms?
The probable answer is that it will do so just as long as Russia can exercise a veto in favor of chaos and until young African nations wake up to the truth that out of false pride they are visiting ruin on Central Africa.
Right now, they are pushing a resolution which would have *j use its forces to invade and subjugate Katanga.
That notion is fantastically wrong-headed from several points of view.
The *j army is too weak, too demoralized for the task.
Further, it has its work cut out stopping anarchy where it is now garrisoned.
Last, it makes no sense to deliver Katanga, the one reasonably solid territory, into the existing chaos.
The Congo should have been mandated, because it was not ready for independence.
The idea was not even suggested because political expediency prevailed over wisdom.
It is perhaps too late now to talk of mandate because it is inconsistent with what is termed political realism.
But if any realism and feeling for truth remain in the General Assembly, it is time for men of courage to measure the magnitude of the failure and urge some new approach.
Otherwise, *j will march blindly on to certain defeat.
Featherbed reversal a recent editorial discussing a labor-management agreement reached between the Southern Pacific Co. and the Order of Railroad Telegraphers has been criticized on the grounds that it was not based on complete information.
The editorial was based on a news association dispatch which said that the telegraphers had secured an agreement whereby they were guaranteed 40 hours' pay per week whether they worked or not and that a reduction in their number was limited to 2 per cent per year.
Our comment was that this was featherbedding in its ultimate form and that sympathy for the railroad was misplaced since it had entered into such an agreement.
The statement was also made that undoubtedly the railroad had received some compensating benefit from the telegraphers, but that it was difficult to imagine what could balance a job for life.
Additional information supplied to us discloses that the railroad gained a stabilized supply of telegraphers of which it was in need.
Also, normal personnel attrition would make the job reduction provision more or less academic.
The situation with regard to the Southern Pacific was therefore a special one and not necessarily applicable to other situations in other industries.
The solution reached in the agreement was more acceptable to the railroad than that originally included in a series of union demands.
Meditations from a fallout shelter time was when the house of delegates of the American Bar association leaned to the common sense side.
But the internationalists have taken over the governing body of the bar, and when the lads met in St. Louis, it was not to grumble about the humidity but to vote unanimously that the United Nations was scarcely less than wonderful, despite an imperfection here and there.
It was, the brief writers decided, man's best hope for a peaceful and law abiding world.
Peace, it's wonderful, and world law, it's wonderful, too, and shouldn't we get an international covenant extending it into space, before the Russians put some claim jumper on the moon?
Meanwhile, in Moscow, Khrushchev was adding his bit to the march of world law by promising to build a bomb with a wallop equal to 100 million tons of *j, to knock sense into the heads of those backward oafs who can't see the justice of surrendering West Berlin to communism.
A nuclear pacifier of these dimensions -- roughly some six and a half times bigger than anything the United States has triggered experimentally -- would certainly produce a bigger bang, and, just for kicks, Khrushchev might use it to propel the seminar of the house of delegates from St. Louis to the moon, where there wouldn't even be any beer to drink.
While he was at it, the philosopher of the Kremlin contributed an additional assist to the rule of reason by bellowing at those in the west who can't appreciate coexistence thru suicide.
Fools, he bayed, what do you think you are doing?
The only response we can think of is the humble one that at least we aren't playing the marimba with our shoes in the United Nations, but perhaps the heavy domes in the house of delegates can improve on this feeble effort.
Another evidence of the spreading rule of reason was provided from Mexico City with the daily hijacking of an American plane by a demented Algerian with a gun.
The craft made the familiar unwelcome flight to Havana, where, for some unknown reason, Castro rushed to the airport to express mortification to the Colombian foreign minister, a passenger, who is not an admirer of old Ten O'*clock Shadow.
The plane was sent back to the United States, for a change, but Castro kept the crazy gunman, who will prove a suitable recruit to the revolution.
Less respect for the legal conventions was displayed by Castro's right hand man, Che Guevara, who edified the Inter-*american Economic and Social council meeting in Montevideo by reading two secret American documents purloined from the United States embassy at Caracas, Venezuela.
The contents were highly embarrassing to American spokesmen, who were on hand to promise Latin Americans a 20 billion dollar foreign aid millennium.
Perhaps the moralities of world law are not advanced by stealing American diplomatic papers and planes, but the Kennedy administration can always file a demurrer to the effect that, but for its own incompetence in protecting American interests, these things would not happen.
The same can be said about the half-hearted Cuban invasion mounted by the administration last April, which, we trust, is not symptomatic of the methods to be invoked in holding off the felonious Khrushchev.
Pass the iron rations, please, and light another candle, for it's getting dark down here and we're minded to read a bit of world law just to pass the time away.
The customer loses again.
The board of suspension of the Interstate Commerce commission has ordered a group of railroads not to reduce their freight rates on grain, as they had planned to do this month.
The request for lower rates originated with the Southern railway, which has spent a good deal of time and money developing a 100-ton hopper car with which it says it can move grain at about half what it costs in the conventional, smaller car.
By reducing rates as much as 60 per cent, it and its associated railroads hope to win back some of the business they have lost to truckers and barge lines.
The board's action shows what free enterprise is up against in our complex maze of regulatory laws.
A shock wave from Africa word of Dag Hammarskjold's death in an African plane crash has sent a shockwave around the globe.
As head of the United Nations he was the symbol of world peace, and his tragic end came at a moment when peace hangs precariously.
It was on the eve of a momentous U.*n. session to come to grips with cold war issues.
His firm hand will be desperately missed.
Mr. Hammarskjold was in Africa on a mission of peace.
He had sought talks with Moise Tshombe, the secessionist president of Congo's Katanga province where recent fighting had been bloody.
He earnestly urged a cease-fire.
The story of the fatal crash is not fully known.
The U.*n.-chartered plane which was flying from the conference city of Ndola in Northern Rhodesia had been riddled with machinegun bullets last weekend and was newly repaired.
Whether this, or overt action, was the cause of the crash must be promptly determined.
The death of Mr. Hammarskjold removes the United Nations' most controversial leader.
He was controversial because he was uncompromising for peace and freedom with justice.
He courageously defended the rights of small nations, and he stood his ground against the savage attacks of the Communist bloc.
The Congo, in whose cause he died, was the scene of one of his greatest triumphs.
His policies had resolved the conflicts that threatened to ignite the cold war and workable solutions were beginning to take shape.
When the recent Katangan outbreaks imperiled these solutions Mr. Hammarskjold, despite the danger, flew to exert a calming influence.
He gave his life for his beliefs.
The U.*n. session scheduled for today will meet under the cloud of his passing.
It is a crucial session with the world on the edge of momentous developments.
If the manner of his passing moves the nations to act in the spirit of his dedication the sore issues that plague the world can yet be resolved with reason and justice.
That is the hope of mankind.
Monument to togetherness reaching agreement on projects of value to the whole community has long been one of Greater Miami's hardest tasks.
Too many have bogged down in bickering.
Even when public bodies arrived at a consensus, at least one dissenting vote has been usual.
So we note approvingly a fresh sample of unanimity.
All nine members of the Inter-*american Center Authority voted for Goodbody & Company's proposal to finance the long-awaited trade and cultural center.
The widely known financial firm has 60 days to spell out the terms of its contract.
If the indenture is accepted, the authority will proceed to validate a bond issue repayable from revenue.
Then Goodbody will hand over a minimum of $15.5 million for developing the spacious Graves Tract to house the center.
The next step awaits approval today by the Metro commissioners as the members of the Dade County Port Authority.
They allotted $500,000 three years ago to support Interama until its own financing could be arranged.
Less than half the sum has been spent, since the Interama board pinched pennies during that period of painstaking negotiations.
The balance is being budgeted for the coming year.
Unanimity on Interama is not surprising.
It is one of the rare public ventures here on which nearly everyone is agreed.
The City of Miami recently yielded a prior claim of $8.5 million on the Graves Tract to clear the way for the project.
County officials have cooperated consistently.
So have the people's elected spokesmen at the state and federal levels.
Interama, as it rises, will be a living monument to Greater Miami's ability to get together on worthwhile enterprises.
A short report and a good one progress, or lack of it, toward civil rights in the 50 states is reported in an impressive 689-page compilation issued last week by the United States Commission on Civil Rights.
Much happened in this field during the past 12 months.
Each state advisory committee documented its own activity.
Some accounts are quite lengthy but Florida's is the shortest of all, requiring only four paragraphs.
The established pattern of relative calm in the field of race relations has continued in all areas, reported this group headed by Harold Colee of Jacksonville and including two South Floridians, William D. Singer and John B. Turner of Miami.
No complaints or charges have been filed during the past year, either verbally or written, from any individual or group.
The committee continues to feel that Florida has progressed in a sound and equitable program at both the state and local levels in its efforts to review and assess transition problems as they arise from time to time in the entire spectrum of civil rights.
Problems have arisen in this sensitive field but have been handled in most cases with understanding and restraint.
The progress reported by the advisory committee is real.
While some think we move too fast and others too slowly, Florida's record is a good one and stands out among the 50.
West Germany remains Western West Germany will face the crucial tests that lie ahead, on Berlin and unification, with a coalition government.
This is the key fact emerging from Sunday's national election.
Chancellor Adenauer's Christian Democratic Party slipped only a little in the voting but it was enough to lose the absolute Bundestag majority it has enjoyed since 1957.
In order to form a new government it must deal with one of the two rival parties which gained strength.
Inevitably this means some compromise.
The aging chancellor in all likelihood will be retired.
Both Willy Brandt's Social Democrats, who gained 22 seats in the new parliament, and the Free Democrats, who picked up 23, will insist on that before they enter the government.
Moon-faced Ludwig Erhart, the economic expert, probably will ascend to the leadership long denied him.
If he becomes chancellor, Dr. Erhart would make few changes.
The wizard who fashioned West Germany's astonishing industrial rebirth is the soul of free enterprise.
He is dedicated to building the nation's strength and, as are all West Germans, to a free Berlin and to reunion with captive East Germany.
What is in doubt as the free Germans and their allies consider the voting trends is the nature of the coalition that will result.
If the party of Adenauer and Erhart, with 45 per cent of the vote, approaches the party of Willy Brandt, which won 36 per cent, the result would be a stiffening of the old resolve.
West Berlin's Mayor Brandt vigorously demanded a firmer stand on the dismemberment of his city and won votes by it.
The Free Democrats ( 12 per cent of the vote ) believe a nuclear war can be avoided by negotiating with the Soviet Union, and more dealings with the Communist bloc.
The question left by the election is whether West Germany veers slightly toward more firmness or more flexibility.
It could go either way, since the gains for both points of view were about the same.
Regardless of the decision two facts are clear.
West Germany, with its industrial and military might, reaffirmed its democracy and remains firm with the free nations.
And the career of Konrad Adenauer, who upheld Germany's tradition of rock-like leaders which Bismarck began, draws near the end.
Better ask before joining Americans are a nation of joiners, a quality which our friends find endearing and sometimes amusing.
But it can be dangerous if the joiner doesn't want to make a spectacle of himself.
For instance, so-called conservative organizations, some of them secret, are sprouting in the garden of joining where liberal organizations once took root.
One specific example is a secret fraternity which will coordinate anti-*communist efforts.
The principle is commendable but we suspect that in the practice somebody is going to get gulled.
According to The Chicago Tribune News Service, State Atty. Gen. Stanley Mosk of California has devised a series of questions which the joiner might well ask about any organization seeking his money and his name : 1.
Does it assail schools and churches with blanket accusations?
2.
Does it attack other traditional American institutions with unsupportable and wild charges?
3.
Does it put the label of un-*american or subversive on everyone with whom it disagrees politically?
4.
Does it attempt to rewrite modern history by blaming American statesmen for wars, Communism, depression, and other troubles of the world?
5.
Does it employ crude pressure tactics with such means as anonymous telephone calls and letter writing campaigns?
6.
Do its spokesmen seem more interested in the amount of money they collect than in the principles they purport to advocate?
In some instances a seventh question can be added : 7.
Does the organization show an affinity for a foreign government, political party or personality in opposition or preference to the American system?
If the would-be joiner asks these questions he is not likely to be duped by extremists who are seeking to capitalize on the confusions and the patriotic apprehensions of Americans in a troubled time.
Falling somewhere in a category between Einstein's theory and sand fleas -- difficult to see but undeniably there, nevertheless -- is the tropical green city of Islandia, a string of offshore islands that has almost no residents, limited access and an unlimited future.
The latter is what concerns us all.
Whatever land you can see here, from the North tip end of Elliott Key looking southward, belongs to someone -- people who have title to the land.
And what you can't see, the land underneath the water, belongs to someone, too.
The public.
The only real problem is to devise a plan whereby the owners of the above-water land can develop their property without the public losing its underwater land and the right to its development for public use and enjoyment.
In the fairly brief but hectic history of Florida, the developers of waterfront land have too often wound up with both their land and ours.
In this instance, happily, insistence is being made that our share is protected.
And until this protection is at least as concrete as, say, the row of hotels that bars us from our own sands at Miami Beach, those who represent us all should agree to nothing.
Closed doors in city hall the reaction of certain City Council members to California's newest anti-secrecy laws was as dismaying as it was disappointing.
We had assumed that at least this local legislative body had nothing to hide, and, therefore, had no objections to making the deliberations of its committees and the city commissions available to the public.
In the preamble to the open-meeting statutes, collectively known as the Brown Act, the Legislature declares that the public commissions, boards and councils and other public agencies in this state exist to aid in the conduct of the people's business.
It is the intent of the law that their actions be taken openly and that their deliberations be conducted openly.
The people of this state do not yield their sovereignty to the agencies that serve them.
The people, in delegating authority, do not give their public servants the right to decide what is good for the people to know and what is not good for them to know.
The full implementation of these noble words, however, has taken the efforts of five sessions of the Legislature.
Since 1953 California has led the nation in enacting guarantees that public business shall be publicly conducted, but not until this year did the lawmakers in Sacramento plug the remaining loopholes in the Brown Act.
Despite the lip service paid by local governments, the anti-secrecy statutes have been continuously subverted by reservations and rationalizations.
When all else fails, it is argued that open sessions slow down governmental operations.
We submit that this is a most desirable effect of the law -- and one of its principal aims.
Without public scrutiny the deliberations of public agencies would no doubt be conducted more speedily.
But the citizens would, of course, never be sure that the decisions that resulted were as correct as they were expeditious.
Help when needed if the Dominican Republic achieves free, democratic government, it will be due in large part to the U.*s. show of force that enabled President Balaguer to prevent a threatened restoration of Trujillo dictatorship.
Outwardly, Ciudad Trujillo is calm.
None of the Trujillo family remains.
Mr. Balaguer is in control, and opposition leaders have no further excuse to suspect his offer of a coalition government preliminary to free elections in the spring.
Had U.*s. warships not appeared off the Dominican coast, there is every possibility that the country would now be wracked by civil war.
Ultimately either the Trujillos would have been returned to power or the conflict would have produced conditions favorable to a takeover by Dominican elements responsive to Castro in Cuba.
Within the Organization of American States, there may be some criticism of this unilateral American intervention which was not without risk obviously.
But there was no complaint from the Dominican crowds which lined Ciudad Trujillo's waterfront shouting, vive Yankees ] more, the U.*s. action was hailed by a principal opposition leader, Dr. Juan Bosch, as having saved many lives and many troubles in the near future.
Mr. Balaguer's troubles are by no means over.
He will need the help of all *j members to eradicate, finally, the forces of authoritarianism, pro-*trujillo and pro-*castro alike.
In cooperating toward that objective, *j might move with the speed and effectiveness demonstrated by the United States.
Matter of survival those watching the growing rivalry between craft unions and industrial unions may recognize all the pressures that led to the big labor split in 1935.
Now, as then, it is a matter of jobs.
Craft unions seek work that industrial unions claim, such as factory maintenance.
The issue was sufficiently potent in 1935 to spark secession from the American Federation of Labor of its industrial union members.
That breach was healed 20 years later by merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
Or that's what it looked like at the time.
But automation and the increasing complexity of factories has renewed the competition for jobs.
Walter Reuther, leader of the industrial union faction of the *j, says another two years of this squabbling will be disastrous for all American labor.
Whether it could be as disastrous for American labor as, say, Jimmy Hoffa of the Teamsters, is a matter of conjecture.
But the jurisdictional disputes that result from the craft-industrial rivalry do not win friends for labor.
Engaged as it is in a battle for world trade as a condition of national survival, this country can have little patience with labor's family feuds.
The concept of labor as a special class is outmoded, and in the task confronting America as bastion of the free world, labor must learn to put the national interest first if it is itself to survive.
Deterrent the Army, Navy and Air Force, among others, may question Secretary Freeman's claim that the high estate of United States agriculture is the strongest deterrent to the spread of communism.
But the secretary insists that the success of the American farmer is the greatest single source of strength in the struggle to insure freedom around the world.
Mr. Freeman said that in many of the countries he visited on a recent world trade trip people were more awed by America's capacity to produce food surpluses than by our industrial production -- or even by the Soviet's successes in space.
This shouldn't surprise the secretary ; American taxpayers have been impressed by the surpluses for a long, long time.
In fact, over the years, the American farmer's capacity to over-produce has cost the taxpayers a large dollar.
And thus far, Mr. Freeman has offered very little relief.
The 1961 feed grain program, which the secretary sponsored, has been declared a billion dollar fiasco.
In exchange for higher price supports, growers pledged reduction in planted acreage.
But the farmers outsmarted Washington by shortening the distance between the rows and pouring on the fertilizer.
The result : $1.1 billion added to the deficit in the federal budget.
Perhaps, as Mr. Freeman says, American agriculture may stop the Communists, but it is also swindling the American taxpayer.
What's wrong at state a senate subcommittee headed by Sen. Jackson of Washington has been going over the State Department and has reached some predictable conclusions.
The department needs a clearer sense of direction at the top and it needs fewer, but better, people, Sen. Jackson says.
The subcommittee is not alone in questioning the effectiveness of the department.
President Kennedy has indicated his dissatisfaction with its performance.
But those who would revitalize so complex an organization must, first of all, overcome the resistance of layers of officials wedded to traditional procedures, suspicious of innovation and fearful of mistakes.
Nor does Sen. Jackson discuss the delicate situation created by the presence in the White House of a corps of presidential assistants engaged in the study of foreign policy.
This tends to create friction and confusion and has not made it easier for Secretary Rusk to restore vigor and initiative among his subordinates.
But competent observers believe he is making progress, particularly toward what Sen. Jackson lists as the primary need -- a clearer understanding of where our vital national interests lie and what we must do to promote them.
The Jackson report will provide some of the political support Mr. Rusk will need if he is to get rid of department personnel engaged, as Sen. Jackson puts it, in work that does not really need doing.
Mr. Rusk should also draw comfort from Sen. Jackson's recommendation that congressional methods of dealing with national security problems be improved.
Self-criticism is a rare but needed commodity in Congress.
Betting men forecasting economic activity is a hazardous undertaking even for the specialist.
But now apparently the job of Secretary of Labor requires that he be willing to risk his reputation as a prognosticator of unemployment trends.
James P. Mitchell, when he was the head of the department, promised to eat his hat if unemployment didn't drop below three million a couple of years ago.
He lost, but settled for a cake in the shape of a fedora.
His successor, Secretary Goldberg, also has been guessing wrong on a drop in the unemployment rate which has been holding just under 7 per cent for the last 11 months.
No betting man, Mr. Goldberg says he's merely putting my neck out again by predicting the rate will go down this month.
He is basing his guess on new government statistics that show business has broadened its stride -- a new record high in personal income, an increase in housing starts, a spurt in retail sales and a gain in orders for durable goods.
Mr. Mitchell had an excuse for losing -- the steel strike lasted much longer than he anticipated.
Mr. Goldberg has less reason for missing.
The economy seems to be sailing along on an even keel and the 1961 hurricane season and auto strikes are at an end so they can't be blamed in November.
The odds thus appear favorable that the secretary's neck may be spared.
Little resistance Cambodia's chief of state, who has been accused of harboring Communist marauders and otherwise making life miserable for neighboring South Viet Nam and Thailand, insists he would be very unhappy if communism established its power in Southeast Asia.
But so convinced of communism's inevitable triumph is Prince Sihanouk that he is ready to throw in the towel.
I have to see the facts, is the way the prince puts it.
And from that point of vantage he concedes another two years of grace to nations maintaining a pro-*western posture.
Prince Sihanouk's powers of prognostication some day may be confirmed but history is not likely to praise the courage of his convictions.
Bottom sighted Commerce Secretary Hodges seems to have been cast in the role of pacemaker for official Washington's economic forecasters.
Weeks ago he saw a business upturn in the second quarter of this year while his colleagues in the Cabinet were shaking their heads in disagreement.
Recently Treasury Secretary Dillon and Labor Secretary Goldberg fell into line with Mr. Hodges' appraisal, though there has been some reluctance to do so at the White House.
And now Mr. Hodges has pioneered further into the economic unknown with the announcement that he thinks business has stopped sliding and that it should start going upward from this point.
He is the first top administration officer to see the bottom of the slump.
The secretary based his assessment on the upturn in retail sales.
February's volume was 1 per cent above January's for the first pickup since last October, although it's still 1.5 per cent off from February 1960.
Corroborating Mr. Hodges' figures was the Federal Reserve Board's report of the large sales increase in the nation's department stores for the week ending March 4.
In Newark, for example, this gain was put at 26 per cent above the year-earlier level.
Of course, some of the credit for the sale boost must be given to improvement in the weather and to the fact that Easter comes more than two weeks earlier than in 1960.
Another optimistic sign, this one from the Labor Department, was the report that the long rise in unemployment compensation payments was interrupted for the first time in the week ending Feb. 25.
Initial claims for jobless benefits were said to have dropped by 8,100 in the week ending March 4.
Mr. Hodges is so hopeful over the outlook that he doesn't think there will be any need of a cut in income taxes.
Well, we can't have everything.
Prosperity for the whole nation is certainly preferred to a tax cut.
In New Jersey, too New Jersey folk need not be told of the builder's march to the sea, for in a single generation he has parceled and populated miles of our shoreline and presses on to develop the few open spaces that remain.
Now the Stone Harbor bird sanctuary, 31 acres of magic attraction for exotic herons, is threatened, but the battlefront extends far beyond our state.
Against the dramatic fight being waged for preservation of 30 miles of Cape Cod shoreline, the tiny tract at Stone Harbor may seem unimportant.
But Interior Secretary Udall warns that there is a race on between those who would develop our few surviving open shorelines and those who would save them for the enjoyment of all as public preserves.
The move for establishment of a national seashore park on 30,000 acres of Cape Cod, from Provincetown to Chatham, is strengthened by President Kennedy's interest in that area.
But preservation of the natural beauty of the Cape is of more than regional concern, for the automobile age has made it the recreation spot of people from all over the country.
By comparison, Stone Harbor bird sanctuary's allies seem less formidable, for aside from the Audubon Society, they are mostly the snowy, common and cattle egrets and the Louisiana, green, little blue and black-crowned herons who nest and feed there.
But there is hope, for Conservation Commissioner Bontempo has tagged the sanctuary as the kind of place the state hopes to include in its program to double its park space.
The desirability of preserving such places as the Cape dunes and Stone Harbor sanctuary becomes more apparent every year.
Public sentiment for conserving our rich natural heritage is growing.
But that heritage is shrinking even faster.
No joyride much of the glamor President Kennedy's Peace Corps may have held for some prospective applicants has been removed by Sargent Shriver, the head corpsman.
Anybody who is expecting a joyride should, according to Mr. Shriver, get off the train right now.
First of all, the recruits will have to undergo arduous schooling.
It will be a 16-hour training day.
Then off to a remote place in an underdeveloped country where the diet, culture, language and living conditions will be different.
And the pay, of course, will be nil.
Despite all this, the idea apparently has captured the imagination of countless youths whose parents are probably more surprised by the response than anybody else.
The study of the St. Louis area's economic prospects prepared for the Construction Industry Joint Conference confirms and reinforces both the findings of the Metropolitan St. Louis Survey of 1957 and the easily observed picture of the Missouri-*illinois countryside.
St. Louis sits in the center of a relatively slow-growing and in some places stagnant mid-continent region.
Slackened regional demand for St. Louis goods and services reflects the region's relative lack of purchasing power.
Not all St. Louis industries, of course, have a market area confined to the immediate neighborhood.
But for those which do, the slow growth of the area has a retarding effect on the metropolitan core.
The city has a stake in stimulating growth and purchasing power throughout outstate Missouri and Southern Illinois.
Gov. Dalton's New Commerce and Industry Commission is moving to create a nine-state regional group in a collective effort to attract new industry.
That is one approach.
Another would be to take the advice of Dr. Elmer Ellis, president of the University of Missouri, and provide for an impartial professional analysis of Missouri's economy.
He says the state, in order to proceed with economic development, must develop an understanding of how the various parts of its economy fit together and dovetail into the national economy.
The research center of the University's School of Business and Public Administration is prepared to undertake the analysis Dr. Ellis has been talking about.
He and Dean John W. Schwada of the Business School outlined the project at a recent conference.
The University can make a valuable contribution to the state's economic development through such a study.
In Southern Illinois, the new federal program of help to economically depressed areas ought to provide some stimulus to growth.
The Carbondale Industrial Development Corp. has obtained a $500,000 loan to help defray the cost of remodeling a city-owned factory to accommodate production that will provide 500 new jobs.
Carbondale is in the Herrin-*murphysboro-*west Frankfort labor market, where unemployment has been substantially higher than the national average.
The Federal program eventually should have a favorable impact on Missouri's depressed areas, and in the long run that will benefit St. Louis as well.
Politics-ridden St. Clair county in Illinois presents another piece of the problem of metropolitan development.
More industrial acreage lies vacant in St. Clair county than in any other jurisdiction in the St. Louis area.
The unstable political situation there represents one reason new plants shy away from the East Side.
And then there is St. Louis county, where the Democratic leadership has shown little appreciation of the need for sound zoning, of the important relationship between proper land use and economic growth.
St. Louis county under its present leadership also has largely closed its eyes to the need for governmental reform, and permitted parochial interests to take priority over area-wide interests.
Some plant-location specialists take these signs to mean St. Louis county doesn't want industry, and so they avoid the area, and more jobs are lost.
Metropolitan St. Louis's relatively slow rate of growth ought to be a priority concern of the political, business, civic and other leaders on both sides of the Mississippi.
Without a great acceleration in the metropolitan area's economy, there will not be sufficient jobs for the growing numbers of youngsters, and St. Louis will slip into second-class status.
An excess of zeal many of our very best friends are reformers.
Still we must confess that sometimes some of them go too far.
Take, for example, the reformers among New York City's Democrats.
Having whipped Mr. De Sapio in the primaries and thus come into control of Tammany Hall, they have changed the name to Chatham Hall.
Even though headquarters actually have been moved into the Chatham building, do they believe that they can make the new name stick?
Granted that the Tammany name and the Tammany tiger often were regarded as badges of political shame, the sachems of the Hall also have a few good marks to their credit.
But it is tradition rather than the record which balks at the expunging of the Tammany name.
After all, it goes back to the days in which sedition was not un-*american, the days in which the Sons of St. Tammany conspired to overthrow the government by force and violence -- the British government, that is.
Further, do our reforming friends really believe that the cartoonists will consent to the banishment of the tiger from their zoo?
They will -- when they give up the donkey and the elephant.
Instead of attempting the impossible, why not a publicity campaign to prove that all the tiger's stripes are not black?
That might go over.
The Faget case the White House itself has taken steps to remove a former Batista official, Col. Mariano Faget, from his preposterous position as interrogator of Cuban refugees for the Immigration Service.
The Faget appointment was preposterous on several grounds.
The Kennedy Administration had assured anti-*castro Cubans that it would have nothing to do with associates of Dictator Batista.
Using a Batista man to screen refugees represented a total misunderstanding of the democratic forces which alone can effectively oppose Castro.
Moreover, Col. Faget's information on Cuba was too outdated to be useful in screening Castro agents ; the Colonel fled to the friendly haven of the Dominican dictatorship as soon as Castro seized power.
And while he had headed Batista's anti-*communist section, the Batista regime did not disturb the Communists so much as more open opponents who were alleged to be Communists.
Responsibility for the Faget appointment rests with Gen. J. M. Swing, an Eisenhower appointee as head of the Immigration Service.
Gen. Swing has received public attention before this for abuse of some of the prerogatives of his office.
His official term expired last summer.
Some reports say he was rescued from timely retirement by his friend, Congressman Walter of Pennsylvania, at a moment when the Kennedy Administration was diligently searching for all the House votes it could get.
Congressman Walter has been all-powerful in immigration matters, but he has announced plans to retire in 1962.
At that point the Administration will have little reason to hang onto Gen. Swing.
The Faget case was the kind of salvage job the Administration should not have to repeat.
Mr. Eisenhower, politician as President, Dwight D. Eisenhower often assumed a role aloof from the strife of partisan politics.
As a former President, however, Mr. Eisenhower abandoned this role to engage in partisan sniping during a New York Republican rally, and generally missed his target.
Mr. Eisenhower seized upon the incident of the postcard lost by a Peace Corps girl in Nigeria to attack the entire Corps as a juvenile experiment and to suggest sending a Corps member to the moon.
This was juvenile ridicule.
Nowhere did the speaker recognize the serious purpose of the Corps or its welcome reception abroad.
His words were the more ungracious to come from a man who lent his name to the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowships dedicated to the same goal of international understanding.
The former President blithely ignored recent history in speaking of dollarette dollars under Kennedy Administration fiscal policies.
It was the Eisenhower Administration which produced the largest peacetime deficit.
Finally, Mr. Eisenhower found nothing but confusion in Washington.
This statement recalls the 1959 Berlin crisis, when President Eisenhower first told reporters that Berlin could not be defended with conventional weapons and then added that a nuclear defense was out of the picture too.
The crisis has been renewed since then but the confusion has hardly been compounded.
Ex-*presidents, relieved of accountability for policy, sometimes seem to feel free of accountability for their words.
Some of former President Truman's off-the-cuff discourses have been in that vein.
Nobody can deny the right of former Chief Executives to take part in politics, but the American people expect them always to remember the obligations of national leadership and to treat issues with a sense of responsibility.
This is a matter of respect for the Presidency.
Mr. Eisenhower's New York speech does not encourage respect for that or for his elder statesmanship.
Queen of the seas the Queen Mary has long been a symbol of speed, luxury, and impeccable British service on the high seas.
Reports that the venerable liner, which has been in service since 1936, was to be retired struck a nostalgic note in many of us.
But the Cunard line, influenced by unpleasant economic facts and not sentiment, has decided to keep the Queen Mary in service until next Spring at least.
A new queen, with the prosaic title of *j, had been planned for several years to replace the Queen Mary.
The British government, concerned about the threat of unemployment in the shipbuilding industry, had put through a bill to give Cunard loans and grants totaling $50,400,000 toward the $84,000,000 cost of a new 75,000-ton passenger liner.
Since 1957, more and more trans-*atlantic passengers have been crossing by air.
Economy class fares and charter flights have attracted almost all new passengers to the airlines.
Competition from other steamship lines has cut Cunard's share of sea passengers from one-third to one-fourth and this year the line showed a marked drop of profits on the Atlantic run.
The Cunard line has under consideration replacing the Queen Mary with a ship smaller than 75,000 tons.
This would be cheaper to operate and could be used for cruises during the lean winter months.
Also under consideration is an increased investment in Cunard Eagle Airways which has applied to serve New York.
The decline of the Cunard line from its position of dominance in Atlantic travel is a significant development in the history of transportation.
Mission to Viet Nam Gen. Maxwell Taylor's statement in Saigon that he is very much encouraged about the chances of the pro-*western government of Viet Nam turning back Communist guerrilla attacks comes close to an announcement that he will not recommend dispatching United States troops to bolster the Vietnamese Army.
Gen. Taylor will report to President Kennedy in a few days on the results of his visit to South Viet Nam and, judging from some of his remarks to reporters in the Far East, he is likely to urge a more efficient mobilization of Vietnamese military, economic, political and other resources.
There was good reason for Gen. Taylor to make an inspection trip at this time.
Communist guerrillas recently have been reported increasing their activities and the great flood of the Mekong River has interposed a new crisis.
South Viet Nam's rice surplus for next year -- more than 300,000 tons -- may have been destroyed.
The Viet Cong, the Communist rebels, may have lost their stored grain and arms factories.
The rebels may try to seize what is left of the October harvest when the floods recede and the monsoon ends in November.
Nothing that is likely to happen, however, should prompt the sending of United States soldiers for other than instructional missions.
The Indochina struggle was a war to stay out of in 1954, when Gen. Ridgway estimated it would take a minimum of 10 to 15 divisions at the outset to win a war the French were losing.
It is a war to stay out of today, especially in view of the fact that President Ngo Dinh Diem apparently does not want United States troops.
He may want additional technical help, and this should be forthcoming.
South Viet Nam has received $1,450,000,000 in United States aid since 1954 and the rate of assistance has been stepped up since Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson's visit last May.
Gen. Taylor, the President's special military adviser, is a level-headed officer who is not likely to succumb to propaganda or pressure.
It is probable that his recommendations will be informed and workable, and that they will not lead to involving the United States in an Asian morass.
Gov. John M. Dalton, himself a lawyer and a man of long service in government, spoke with rich background and experience when he said in an address here that lawyers ought to quit sitting in the Missouri General Assembly, or quit accepting fees from individuals and corporations who have controversies with or axes to grind with the government and who are retained, not because of their legal talents, but because of their government influence.
The U.*n's gravest crisis Ambassador Stevenson yesterday described the U.*n.'s problem of electing a temporary successor to the late Dag Hammarskjold as the gravest crisis the institution has faced.
Of course it is.
If the decision goes wrong, it may be -- as Mr. Stevenson fears -- the first step on the slippery path downhill to a U.*n. without operational responsibilities and without effective meaning.
The integrity of the office not merely requires that the Secretary General shall be, as the Charter puts it, the chief administrative officer of the Organization, but that neither he nor his staff shall seek or receive instructions from any government or any other authority external to the Organization.
In other words, the Secretary General is to be a nonpartisan, international servant, not a political, national one.
He should be, as Dag Hammarskjold certainly was, a citizen of the world.
The Charter does stipulate that due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible.
The United States and its allies have had no objection to this.
What they have objected to is the attempt of the Russians to make use of the tragedy of Dag Hammarskjold's death to turn the entire U.*n. staff from the Secretary down into political agents of the respective countries from which they come.
The controversy now revolves mainly around the number and geographic origin of the deputies of the Secretary General and, more particularly, around the nature of his relationship with them.
Although the United States and the U.*s.*s.*r. have been arguing whether there shall be four, five or six top assistants, the most important element in the situation is not the number of deputies but the manner in which these deputies are to do their work.
If any one of them has any power to veto the Secretary General's decisions the nature of the organization will have changed.
If they give him advice when he asks it, or if they perform specified duties under his direction, the nature of the U. N. will not of necessity change.
The Secretary General must have, subject to the constitutional direction of the Security Council and the General Assembly, the power to act, to propose action and to organize action without being hobbled by advisers and assistants acting on someone else's instructions.
This is the root issue for which the United States should stand.
We should not become confused or let our public become confused over irrelevant questions of number or even of geography.
What we must have, if the United Nations is to survive, is as nonpolitical, nonpartisan an organization at the top as human beings can make it, subject to no single nation's direction and subservient to no single nation's ambition.
What the new charter does the new City Charter, which should get a Yes vote as Question No. 1 on Nov. 7, would not make a good Mayor out of a bad one.
There is no such magic in man-made laws.
But it would greatly strengthen any Mayor's executive powers, remove the excuse in large degree that he is a captive of inaction in the Board of Estimate, increase his budget-making authority both as to expense and capital budgets, and vest in him the right to reorganize city departments in the interest of efficiency and economy.
Lawmaking power is removed from the Board of Estimate and made a partnership responsibility of the City Council and the Mayor.
Thus there is a clearer division of authority, administrative and legislative.
The board is diminished in both respects, while it retains control over zoning, franchises, pier leases, sale, leasing and assignment of property, and other trusteeship functions.
The board will be able to increase, decrease, add or eliminate budget items, subject to the Mayor's veto ; but the City Council will now share fully this budget-altering power.
Overriding of mayoral veto on budget changes will require concurrence by board and Council, and a two-thirds vote.
The Controller retains his essential fiscal watchdog functions ; his broad but little used investigative powers are confirmed.
He loses now-misplaced tax collection duties, which go to the Finance Department.
On net balance, in spite of Controller Gerosa's opposition to the new Charter as an invasion of his office, the Controller will have the opportunity for greater usefulness to good government than he has now.
Borough Presidents, while retaining membership in the Board of Estimate, lose their housekeeping functions.
Highways go to a new Department of Highways, sewers to the Department of Public Works, such street cleaning as Borough Presidents now do ( in Queens and Richmond ) to the Sanitation Department.
Some fiscal changes are important.
The expense ( operating ) budget is to be a program budget, and red tape is cut to allow greater autonomy ( with the Mayor approving ) in fund transfers within a department.
The capital budget, for construction of permanent improvements, becomes an appropriating document instead of just a calendar of pious promises ; but, as a second-look safeguard, each new project must undergo a Board of Estimate public hearing before construction proceeds.
A road block to desirable local or borough improvements, heretofore dependent on the pocketbook vote of taxpayers and hence a drag on progress, is removed by making these a charge against the whole city instead of an assessment paid by those immediately affected.
This will have a beneficial effect by expediting public business ; it will also correct some injustices.
Enlargement of the City Council and a new method of selecting members will be discussed tomorrow.
Inter-american Press the Inter-american Press Association, which blankets the Western Hemisphere from northern Canada to Cape Horn, is meeting in New York City this week for the first time in eleven years.
The I. A. P. A. is a reflection of the problems and hopes of the hemisphere ; and in these days this inevitably means a concentration on the effects of the Cuban revolution.
As the press in Cuba was gradually throttled by the Castro regime, more and more Cuban publishers, editors and correspondents were forced into exile.
The I. A. P. A. found itself driven from journalism into politics as it did its best to bring about the downfall of the Castro Government and the return of the Cuban press to the freedom it knew before Batista's dictatorship began in 1952.
Freedom of the press was lost in Cuba because of decades of corruption and social imbalances.
In such conditions all freedoms are lost.
This, in more diplomatic language, is what Adlai Stevenson told the newspaper men of Latin America yesterday on behalf of the United States Government.
He felt able to end on a note of hope.
He sees evidence of fair winds for the ten-year Alliance for Progress plan with its emphasis on social reforms.
No group can contribute more to the success of the program than the editors and publishers of the Inter-*american Press Association.
Meeting in Moscow the Twenty-second Soviet Communist Party Congress opens in Moscow today in a situation contrasting sharply with the script prepared many months ago when this meeting was first announced.
According to the original program, Premier Khrushchev expected the millions looking toward the Kremlin this morning to be filled with admiration or rage -- depending upon individual or national politics -- because of the bold program for building communism in our time which the Congress will adopt.
But far from being concerned about whether or not Russia will have achieved Utopia by 1980, the world is watching Moscow today primarily for clues as to whether or not there will be nuclear Armageddon in the immediate future.
The evident contradiction between the rosy picture of Russia's progress painted by the Communist party's program and the enormous dangers for all humanity posed by Premier Khrushchev's Berlin policy has already led to speculation abroad that the program may be severely altered.
Whether it is or not, the propaganda impact on the free world of the document scheduled to be adopted at this meeting will be far less than had been originally anticipated.
And there must be many Soviet citizens who know what is going on and who realize that before they can hope to enjoy the full life promised for 1980 they and their children must first survive.
This Congress will see Premier Khrushchev consolidating his power and laying the groundwork for an orderly succession should death or illness remove him from the scene in the next few years.
The widespread purge that has taken place the past twelve months or so among Communist leaders in the provinces gives assurance that the party officials who will dominate the Congress, and the Central Committee it will elect, will all have passed the tightest possible Khrushchev screening, both for loyalty to him and for competence and performance on the job.
Dr. Conant's call to action Dr. James B. Conant has earned a nationwide reputation as a moderate and unemotional school reformer.
His earlier reports considered the American public schools basically sound and not in need of drastic change.
Now, a close look at the schools in and around the ten largest cities, including New York, has shattered this optimism.
Dr. Conant has come away shocked and angry.
His new book, entitled Slums And Suburbs, calls for fast and drastic action to avert disaster.
There is room for disagreement concerning some of Dr. Conant's specific views.
His strong opposition to the transfer of Negro children to schools outside their own neighborhood, in the interest of integration, will be attacked by Negro leaders who have fought for, and achieved, this open or permissive enrollment.
Dr. Conant may underestimate the psychological importance of even token equality.
His suggestion that the prestige colleges be made the training institutions for medical, law and graduate schools will run into strong opposition from these colleges themselves -- even though what he is recommending is already taking shape as a trend.
But these are side issues to a powerful central theme.
That theme cuts through hypocrisies, complacency and double-talk.
It labels the slums, especially the Negro slums, as dead-end streets for hundreds of thousands of youngsters.
The villains of the piece are those who deny job opportunities to these youngsters, and Dr. Conant accuses employers and labor unions alike.
The facts, he adds, are hidden from public view by squeamish objections to calling bad conditions by their right name and by insistence on token integration rather than on real improvement of the schools, regardless of the color of their students.
A call for action before it is too late has alarming implications when it comes from a man who, in his previous reports on the schools, cautioned so strongly against extreme measures.
These warnings must not be treated lightly.
Dr. Conant's conscientious, selfless efforts deserve the nation's gratitude.
He has served in positions of greater glamour, both at home and abroad ; but he may well be doing his greatest service with his straightforward report on the state of the public schools.
And now -- more junk mail a fascinating letter has just reached this desk from a correspondent who likes to receive so-called junk mail.
He was delighted to learn that the Post Office Department is now going to expand this service to deliver mail from Representatives in Congress to their constituents without the use of stamps, names, addresses or even zone numbers.
In accordance with legislation passed at the last session of Congress, each Representative is authorized to deliver to the Post Office in bulk newsletters, speeches and other literature to be dropped in every letter box in his district.
This means an added burden to innumerable postmen, who already are complaining of heavy loads and low pay, and it presumably means an increased postal deficit, but, our correspondent writes, think of the additional junk mail each citizen will now be privileged to receive on a regular basis.
Our creditors do not forget us letter writing is a dying art.
Occasional letters are sent by individuals to one another and many are written by companies to one another, but these are mostly typewritten.
Most mail these days consists of nothing that could truly be called a letter.
Old, tired, trembling the woman came to the cannery.
She had, she said, heard that the plant was closing.
It couldn't close, she said.
She had raised a calf, grown it beef-fat.
She had, with her own work-weary hands, put seeds in the ground, watched them sprout, bud, blossom, and get ready to bear.
She was ready to kill the beef, dress it out, and with vegetables from her garden was going to can soup, broth, hash, and stew against the winter.
She had done it last year, and the year before, and the year before that, and she, and her people were dependent upon these cans for food.
This did not happen in counties of North Georgia, where the rivers run and make rich the bottom land.
Nor in South Georgia, where the summer sun shines warmly and gives early life to the things growing in the flat fields.
This happened in Decatur, De*kalb County, not 10 miles from the heart of metropolitian Atlanta.
And now, the woman, tired and trembling, came here to the De*kalb County cannery.
Is it so the cannery is going to close?
O. N. Moss, 61, tall, grey as a possum, canning plant chief since 1946, didn't know what to say.
He did say she could get her beef and vegetables in cans this summer.
He did say he was out of cans, the No. 3's, but I requisitioned 22,000.
He said he had No. 2's enough to last two weeks more.
Threat of closing the cannery is a recent one.
A three-man committee has recommended to Commission Chairman Charles O. Emmerich that the De*kalb County cannery be closed.
Reason : the cannery loses $3,000 yearly.
But De*kalb citizens, those who use the facilities of the cannery, say the cannery is not supposed to make any money.
The cannery, said Mrs. Lewellyn Lundeen, an active booster of the cannery since its opening during the war and rationing years of 1941, to handle the victory garden produce, is a service to the taxpayer.
And one of the best services available to the people who try to raise and can meat, to plant, grow vegetables and put them up.
It helps those people who help themselves.
The county, though, seems more interested in those people who don't even try, those who sit and draw welfare checks and line up for surplus food.
A driver of a dairy truck, who begins work at 1 a.m. finishes before breakfast, then goes out and grows a garden, and who has used the cannery to save and feed a family of five, asked, what in the world will we do?
What in the world, echoed others, those come with the beans, potatoes, the tomatoes, will any of us do?
Moss, a man who knows how much the cannery helps the county, doesn't believe it will close.
But he is in the middle, an employe of De*kalb, but on the side of the people.
The young married people ; the old couples.
The dairy truck driver ; the old woman with the stew.
Don't ask me if I think the cannery helps, he said.
Sir, I know the cannery helps.
Most of us would be willing to admit that forgiveness comes hard.
When a person has thoughtlessly or deliberately caused us pain or hardship it is not always easy to say, just forget it.
There is one thing I know ; a person will never have spiritual poise and inner peace as long as the heart holds a grudge.
I know a man who held resentment against a neighbor for more than three decades.
Several years ago I was his pastor.
One night, at the close of the evening service, he came forward, left his resentment at the altar and gave his heart to God.
After almost everyone had gone he told me the simple story of how one of his neighbors had moved a fence a few feet over on his land.
We tried to settle this dispute, he said, but could never come to an agreement.
I settled it tonight, he continued.
I leave this church with a feeling that a great weight has been lifted off my heart, I have left my grudge at the altar and forgiven my neighbor.
Forgiveness is the door through which a person must pass to enter the Kingdom of God.
You cannot wear the banner of God and at the same time harbor envy, jealousy and grudges in your heart.
Henry Van Dyke said, forgive and forget if you can ; but forgive anyway.
Jesus made three things clear about forgiveness.
We must, first of all, be willing to forgive others before we can secure God's forgiveness.
For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you : but if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive -- your trespasses.
Matthew 6 : 14-15.
It will do no good to seek God's forgiveness until we have forgiven those who have done us wrong.
Then, Jesus indicated that God's forgiveness is unlimited.
In the prayer Jesus taught his disciples to pray we find these words, forgive us our debts.
When a person meets God's requirements for the experience of forgiveness he is forgiven.
God's mercy and patience will last forever.
Forgiveness implies more than a person wanting his past sins covered by God's love.
It also implies that a man wants his future to be free from the mistakes of the past.
We want the past forgiven, but at the same time we must be willing for God to direct the future.
Finally, we must be willing to forgive others as many times as they sin against us.
Once Peter asked, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him?
Till seven times?
Jesus saith unto him, until seventy times seven.
Matthew 18 : 21-22.
Jesus not only taught forgiveness, He gave us an example of it on the cross.
With all the energy of his broken body he prayed, Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.
Luke 34.
She's been in and out of my house for a dozen years now, although she's still a teen-ager who looks like a baby, she is getting married.
Her mother, now dead, was my good friend and when she came to tell us about her plans and to show off her ring I had a sobering wish to say something meaningful to her, something her mother would wish said.
For a while there was such shrill girlish commotion I couldn't have made myself heard if I'd had the equivalent of the message to Garcia.
But when some of the squeals had subsided and she had been through one of those sessions that are so indispensable to the young female -- six girls sprawled on one bed, drinking Cokes and giggling -- she came back to the kitchen to talk with me a minute.
How do you know you love somebody enough to get married?
She asked.
It was the oldest and toughest question young lovers have ever asked : how can you be sure?
Aren't you sure?
I asked, looking at her searchingly.
I wanted to grab her by the arm and beg her to wait, to consider, to know for certain because life is so long and marriage is so important.
But if she were just having a normal case of pre-nuptial jitters such a question might frighten her out of a really good marriage.
Besides, in all honesty, I don't know how you can be sure.
I don't know any secret recipe for certainty.
In the fevered, intoxicating, breathless state of being in love the usual signposts that guide you to lasting and satisfying relationships are sometimes obscured.
I knew of but one test and I threw it out to her for what it was worth.
Does he ever bore you?
I asked.
Bore me?
She was shocked.
Oh, no-o ] why, he's so darling and I mean, I went on ruthlessly, when he's not talking about you or himself or the wonders of love, is he interesting?
Does he care about things that matter to you?
Can you visualize being stranded with him on a desert island for years and years and still find him fascinating?
Because, honey, I thought silently, there are plenty of desert islands in every marriage -- long periods when you're hopelessly stranded, together.
And if you bore each other then, heaven help you.
She came back the other day to reassure me.
She has studied and observed and she is convinced that her young man is going to be endlessly enchanting.
She asked if I had other advice and, heady with success, I rushed it in, I hope not too late.
Be friends with your mother-in-law.
Jokes, cartoons and cynics to the contrary, mothers-in-law make good friends.
I do not know Dr. Wilson Sneed well.
But I was deeply moved by his letter of resignation as rector of St. Luke's Church in Atlanta.
It was the cry of not just one heart ; it spoke for many in the clergy, I suspect.
The pulpit is a lonely place.
Who stops to think of that?
Imagine the searching and the prayer that lay behind the letter the rector wrote after almost a decade of service to this majestic church.
Such a church needs vigor and vitality in its rector and one man has only so much of these endowments, he told his members.
A minister should not stay beyond the time that his leadership should benefit his church, he wrote, for he becomes ordinary.
And so the young minister resigned, to go and study and pray, having never passed a day, he told his parishioners, when I did not gain from you far more than I ever gave to you.
His very honest act called up the recent talk I had with another minister, a modest Methodist, who said : I feel so deeply blessed by God when I can give a message of love and comfort to other men, and I would have it no other way : and it is unworthy to think of self.
But oh, how I do sometimes need just a moment of rest, and peace, in myself.
A man who gives himself to God and to the believers of his church takes upon himself a life of giving.
He does not expect to get great riches or he would not have chosen to answer the call to preach.
The good ones are not motivated to seek vainly, nor are they disposed to covet comfort, or they would have been led to fields that offer comfort and feed vanity.
Theirs is a sacrificial life by earthly standards.
Yet we who lean upon such a man and draw strength from him and expect interpretation of the infinite through him -- we who readily accept his sacrifice as our due, we of the congregations are the first to tell him what is in our minds instead of listening to what is in his soul.
We press him to conform to our comfortable conceptions and not to bruise our satisfactions with his word, and God's.
We do not defeat the good ones with this cruelty, but we add to their burden, while expecting them to bestow saintliness upon us in return for ostentatious church attendance and a few bucks a week, American cash.
If we break the minister to our bit, we are buying back our own sins.
If he won't break, we add to the stress he bears.
And a minister of all men is most conscious that he is mere man -- prone to the stresses that earthly humanity is heir to.
We expect him to be noble, and to make us so -- yet he knows, and tries to tell us, how very humble man must be.
We expect bestowal of God's love through him.
But how little love we give him.
The church truly is not a rest home for saints, but a hospital for sinners.
Yet every Sunday we sinners go to that emergency room to receive first aid, and we leave unmindful that the man who ministered to us is a human being who suffers, too.
Mr. Podger always particularly enjoyed the last night of each summer at Loon Lake.
The narrow fringe of sadness that ran around it only emphasized the pleasure.
The evening was not always spent in the same way.
This year, on a night cool with the front of September moving in, but with plenty of summer still about, the Podgers were holding a neighborhood gathering in the Pod.
The little cottage was bursting with people of all ages.
In the midst of it all, Mr. Podger came out on the Pod porch, alone.
He had that day attended a country auction, and he had come back with a prize.
The prize was an old-fashioned, woven cloth hammock, complete with cross-top pillow, fringed side pieces, and hooks for hanging.
Mrs. Podger had obligingly pushed things around on the porch to make room for it, and there it was, slung in a vine-shaded corner, the night breeze rippling its fringe with a slow, caressing movement.
Mr. Podger sat down in it, pushed himself back and forth in one or two slow, rhythmic motions, and then swung his feet up into it.
He closed his eyes and let the unintelligible drift of voices sweep pleasantly over him.
Suddenly one young voice rose above the others.
But, it said, do you always know when you're happy?
The voice sank back into the general tangle of sound, but the question stayed in Mr. Podger's mind.
Here, in the cool, autumn-touched evening, Mr. Podger mentally retraced a day that had left him greatly contented and at peace.
It had begun with the blue jay feather.
Walking along the lake before breakfast, Mr. Podger had seen the feather, and the bird that had lost it in flight.
The winging spread of blue had gone on, calling harshly, into the wood.
The small shaft of blue had drifted down and come to rest at his feet.
All day long Mr. Podger, who was a straw-hat man in the summer, had worn the feather in the band of his broad-brimmed sunshield.
Would a blue feather in a man's hat make him happy all day?
Hardly.
But it was something to have seen it floating down through the early morning sunshine, linking the blue of the sky with the blue of the asters by the lake.
Then, since the auction was being held nearby, he had walked to it.
And there, on the way, had been the box turtle, that slow, self-contained, world-ignoring relic of pre-history, bent, for reasons best known to itself, on crossing the road.
It was doing very well, too, having reached the center, and was pursuing its way with commendable singleness of purpose when Mr. Podger saw hazard approaching in the shape of a flashy little sports car.
Would the driver see the turtle?
Would he take pains to avoid it?
Mr. Podger took no chances.
Taking off his hat and signaling the driver with it, Mr. Podger stepped into the road, lifted the surprised turtle and consummated its road-crossing with what must have been a breath-taking suddenness.
The turtle immediately withdrew into its private council room to study the phenomenon.
But Mr. Podger and the driver of the sports car waved at each other.
Here in the cool darkness Mr. Podger could still feel the warmth of midday, could still see the yellow butterflies dancing over the road, could still see the friendly grin on the young, sun-browned face as the driver looked back over his shoulder for a moment before the car streaked out of sight.
Where was the driver now?
What was he doing?
And the turtle?
Mr. Podger smiled.
For a few brief minutes they had all been part of one little drama.
The three would never meet again, but for some reason or other Mr. Podger was sure he would always remember the incident.
Then there had been the auction itself.
Mr. Podger heard again ; at will, the voice of the auctioneer, the voices of the bidders, and finally the small boy who had been so interested in Mr. Podger's hammock purchase.
I like them things, too, he had said.
We got one at home.
You know what?
If you're lyin' out in the hammock at night, and it gets kinda cool -- you know -- you just take these sides with the fringe on -- see -- and wrap 'em right over you.
I do it, lots o' times -- I like to lie in a hammock at night, by myself, when it's all quiet.
The wind moves it a little bit -- you know.
Mr. Podger had thanked him gravely, and now he made use of the advice.
As he pulled the fringed sides up and made himself into a cocoon, Mr. Podger saw that thin, attractive, freckled little face again, and hoped that the boy, too, was lying in a cool, fringed-wrapped quiet.
Alacrity, the Podger cat, came by the hammock, rubbed her back briefly against it, and then, sure of a welcome, hopped up.
She remarked that she found the night wind a little chilly, and Mr. Podger took her inside the fringe.
Soon her purring rivaled the chirping of the tree crickets, rivaled the hum of voices from inside the Pod.
Mr. Podger was just adding this to his pictures of the day when the screen door opened and Pam burst out.
Dad ] she said.
It's getting so chilly we've lighted a fire, and we're going to tell a round robin story -- a nice, scary one.
We need you to start it.
Why are you out here all by yourself?
Aren't you happy?
Mr. Podger opened his cocoon and emerged, tucking Alacrity under his arm to bring her in by the fire.
Of course I am, he said.
Never happier in my life.
I just came out here to know it.
Dallas as the South begins another school year, national and even world attention is directed at the region's slow progress toward racial equality in the public schools.
Desegregation is beginning in two more important Southern cities -- Dallas and Atlanta.
In each city civic and education leaders have been working hard to get public opinion prepared to accept the inevitability of equal treatment.
These programs emphasize the acceptance of biracial classrooms peacefully.
The programs do not take sides on the issue itself.
They point out simply that it is the law of the land.
The two cities have the examples of Little Rock and New Orleans to hold up as warnings against resorting to violence to try to stop the processes of desegregation.
Even better, they have the examples of Nashville and Houston to hold up as peaceful and progressive programs.
In each case there was an initial act of violence.
In Nashville, a school was dynamited.
In Houston, there were a few incidents of friction between whites and Negroes, none of which were serious.
In each city quick public reaction and fast action by the city government halted the threats of more serious incidents.
The Nashville plan, incidentally, has become recognized as perhaps the most acceptable and thus the most practical to put into effect in the troubled South.
It is a stair-step plan, in which desegregation begins in the first grade.
Each year another grade is added to the process, until finally all 12 grades are integrated.
The schedules are flexible so that the program can be accelerated as the public becomes more tolerant or realizes that it is something that has to be done, so why not now.
The program has worked well in both Nashville and Houston.
It met a serious rebuff in New Orleans, where the two schools selected for the first moves toward integration were boycotted by white parents.
Another attempt will be made this year in New Orleans to resume the program.
Generally, throughout the South, there is a growing impatience with the pattern of violence with which every step of desegregation is met.
Perhaps the most eloquent move toward removal of racial barriers has been in Dallas.
During the summer, Negroes began quietly patronizing previously segregated restaurants and lunch counters in downtown retail establishments.
It was part of a citywide move toward full integration.
So successful has been this program, worked out by white and Negro civic leaders, that further extensions are expected in the next few months.
Hotels, for example, are ready to let down the bars.
Already, at least one hotel has been quietly taking reservations on a nonracial basis.
Several conventions have been held in recent months in hotels on a nonsegregated basis.
This is a radical change in attitude from the conditions which prevailed several years ago, when a series of bombings was directed against Negroes who were moving into previously all-white neighborhoods of Dallas.
It is also symptomatic of a change in attitude which appears to be spreading all across the South.
Southern whites themselves are realizing that they had been wrong in using violence to try to stop Negroes from claiming equal rights.
They insist they are ashamed of such violence and intimidation as occurred in Alabama when the Freedom Riders sought to break down racial discrimination in local bus depots.
All across the South there are signs that racial violence is finding less approval among whites who themselves would never take active part but might once have shown a tolerant attitude toward it.
There are many causes for this change.
One of the most important is economic.
Business leaders are aware now that they suffer greatly from any outbreak of violence.
They are putting strong pressure on their police departments to keep order.
In the past these same Southerners were inclined to look the other way.
And as the businessmen have begun to act, a real sense of co-operation has sprung up.
This co-operation has emboldened other Southern whites to add their voices to demands for peaceable accommodation.
They realize that by acting in concert, rather than individually, they will not be picked out as objects of retaliation -- economic and otherwise.
Since moving from a Chicago suburb to Southern California a few months ago, I've been introduced to a new game called Lanesmanship.
Played mostly on the freeways around Los Angeles, it goes like this : a driver cruising easily at 70 m.p.h. in Lane *j of a four-lane freeway spies an incipient traffic jam ahead.
Traffic in the next lane appears to be moving more smoothly so he pokes a tentative fender into Lane *j, which is heavily populated by cars also moving at 70 m.p.h..
The adjacent driver in Lane *j has three choices open to him.
He can ( 1 ) point his car resolutely at the invading fender and force the other driver back into Lane *j ; ( 2 ) slow down and permit the ambivalent driver to change lanes ; or ( 3 ) alternately accelerate and decelerate, thus keeping the first driver guessing as to his intentions, thereby making a fascinating sport of the whole affair.
The really remarkable thing to me is that most California natives unhesitatingly elect to slow down and permit the invading car free access.
Whether or not this is done out of enlightened self-preservation, I don't know.
But it is done, consistently and I'm both surprised and impressed.
This could never happen in my native Chicago.
There such soggy acquiesence would be looked upon as a sure sign of deteriorating manhood.
In Chicago, the driver cut out would likely jam his gas pedal to the floor in an effort to force the other car back.
Failing this, he would pull alongside at the first opportunity and shake his fist threateningly.
This negative explanation of courtesy on the freeways, however, does an injustice to Southern California drivers.
At the risk of losing my charge-a-plate at Marshall Field and Company, I would like to challenge an old and hallowed stereotype.
After three months of research, I can state unequivocally that Los Angeles drivers are considerably more courteous and competent than any other drivers I've ever encountered.
During one recent day of driving about Los Angeles there were actually a dozen occasions when oncoming drivers stopped an entire lane of traffic to permit me to pull out of an impossible side street.
Miami, Fla., March 17.
An out-of-town writer came up to Paul Richards today and asked the Oriole manager if he thought his ball club would be improved this year.
Now Richards, of course, is known as a deep thinker as baseball managers go.
He can often make the complex ridiculously simple, and vice versa.
This happened to be vice versa, but even so, the answer was a masterpiece.
It's a whole lot easier, he said, to increase the population of Nevada, than it is to increase the population of New York city.
And with that he walked off to give instruction to a rookie pitcher.
That is undoubtedly a hell of a quote, said the writer, scratching his head.
Now, if I can just figure out what he's talking about, I'll use it.
Two spots open this was just Richard's way of saying that last year the Birds opened spring training with a lot of jobs wide open.
Some brilliant rookies nailed them down, so that this spring just two spots, left and right field, are really up for grabs.
It should be easier to plug two spots than it was to fill the wholesale lots that were open last year, but so far it hasn't worked that way.
This angle of just where the Orioles can look for improvement this year is an interesting one.
You'd never guess it from the way they've played so far this spring, but there remains a feeling among some around here that the Orioles still have a chance to battle for the pennant in 1961.
Obviously, if this club is going to move from second to first in the American League, it will have to show improvement someplace.
Where can that improvement possibly come from?
You certainly can't expect the infield to do any better than it did last year.
Robby could be better.
Brooks Robinson is great, and it is conceivable that he'll do even better in 1961 than he did in 1960.
You can't expect it, though.
Robby's performance last year was tremendous.
It's the same with Ron Hansen and Jim Gentile.
If they do as well as they did in 1960 there can be no complaint.
They shouldn't be asked to carry any more of the burden.
Hansen will be getting a late spring training start, which might very well set him back.
He got off to an exceptional start last season, and under the circumstances probably won't duplicate it.
There are some clubs which claim they learned something about pitching to him last year.
They don't expect to stop him, just slow him down some with the bat.
He'll still be a top player, they concede, because he's got a great glove and the long ball going for him.
But they expect to reduce his over-all offensive production.
Breeding might move up.
Gentile can hardly do better than drive in 98 runs.
Don't ask him more.
I have a hunch Marv Breeding might move up a notch.
But even so, he had a good year in 1960 and won't do too much better.
So, all in all, the infield can't be expected to supply the added improvement to propel the Birds from second to first.
And the pitching will also have trouble doing better.
Richards got a great performance out of his combination of youth and experience last season.
Where, then, can we look for improvement?
From Triandos, Brandt and Walker, answers Richards.
They're the ones we can expect to do better.
The man is right, and at this time, indications are that these three are ready for better seasons.
Triandos hasn't proved it yet, but he says he's convinced his thumb is all right.
He jammed it this spring and has had to rest it, but he says the old injury hasn't bothered him.
If he can bounce back with one of those 25 home runs years, the club will have to be better off offensively.
I'm still not convinced, though, I'll have to see more of him before predicting that big year for him.
Hank Foiles, backed up by Frank House who will be within calling distance in the minors, make up better second line catching than the Birds had all last year, but Gus is still that big man you need when you start talking pennant.
To me, Brandt looks as though he could be in for a fine year.
He hasn't played too much, because Richards has been working on him furiously in batting practice.
He's hitting the ball hard, in the batting cage, and his whole attitude is improved over this time last year.
When he came to Baltimore, he was leaving a team which was supposed to win the National League pennant, and he was joining what seemed to be a second division American League club.
He was down, hard to talk to, and far too nonchalant on the field.
As of now, that all seems behind him.
He's been entirely different all spring.
And Walker looks stronger, seems to be throwing better than he did last year.
Let him bounce back, and he could really set up the staff.
So, if the Orioles are to improve, Brandt, Triandos and Walker will have to do it.
So far the platoons on left and right fielders don't seem capable of carrying the load.
Of course, this isn't taking into consideration the population of Nevada and New York city, but it's the way things look from here at this point.
Is the mother of an autistic child at fault?
( the autistic child is one who seems to lack a well-defined sense of self.
He tends to treat himself and other people as if they were objects -- and sometimes he treats objects as if they were people.
) did his mother make him this way?
Some people believe she did.
We think differently.
We believe that autism, like so many other conditions of defect and deviation, is to a large extent inborn.
A mother can help a child adapt to his difficulties.
Sometimes she can -- to a large extent -- help him overcome them.
But we don't think she creates them.
We don't think she can make her child defective, emotionally disturbed or autistic.
The mother of a difficult child can do a great deal to help her own child and often, by sharing her experiences, she can help other mothers with the same problem.
Since little is known about autism, and almost nothing has been written for the layman, we'd like to share one experienced mother's comments.
She wrote : total disinterest.
As the mother of an autistic child who is lacking in interest and enthusiasm about almost anything, I have to manipulate my son's fingers for him when he first plays with a new toy.
He wants me to do everything for him.
You don't believe that autistic children become autistic because of something that happens to them or because of the way their mother treats them.
But I do and my psychiatrist does, too.
I know that my son wants control and direction, but being autistic myself I cannot give full control or direction.
One thing I notice which I have seldom heard mentioned.
This is that autistic people don't enjoy physical contact with others -- for instance, my children and I.
When I hold my son he stiffens his whole body in my arms until he is as straight and stiff as a board.
He pushes and straightens himself as if he can't stand the feeling of being held.
Physical contact is uncomfortable for him ] this mother is quite correct.
As a rule, the autistic child doesn't enjoy physical contact with others.
Parents have to find other ways of comforting him.
For the young child this may be no more than providing food, light or movement.
As he grows older it may be a matter of providing some accustomed object ( his magic thing ).
Or certain words or rituals that child and adult go through may do the trick.
The answer is different for each autistic child, but for most there is an answer.
Only ingenuity will uncover it.
What future holds dear Doctors : we learned this year that our older son, Daniel, is autistic.
We did not accept the diagnosis at once, but gradually we are coming to.
Fortunately, there is a nursery school which he has been able to attend, with a group of normal children.
I try to treat Daniel as if he were normal, though of course I realize he is far from that at present.
What I do is to try to bring him into contact with reality as much as possible.
I try to give him as many normal experiences as possible.
What is your experience with autistic children?
How do they turn out later?
Many autistic children grow up to lead relatively normal lives.
Certainly, most continue to lack a certain warmth in communication with other people, but many adjust to school, even college, to jobs and even to marriage and parenthood.
Single-color use question -- a first grader colors pictures one solid color, everything -- sky, grass, boy, wagon, etc..
When different colors are used, she is just as likely to color trees purple, hair green, etc..
The other children in the class use this same coloring book and do a fairly good job with things their proper color.
Should I show my daughter how things should be colored?
She is an aggressive, nervous child.
Is a relaxed home atmosphere enough to help her outgrow these traits?
Answer -- her choice of one color means she is simply enjoying the motor act of coloring, without having reached the point of selecting suitable colors for different objects.
This immature use of crayons may suggest that she is a little immature for the first grade.
No, coloring isn't exactly something you teach a child.
You sometimes give them a little demonstration, a little guidance, and suggestions about staying inside the lines.
But most learn to color and paint as and when they are ready with only a very little demonstration.
Seen in decorating circles of late is a renewed interest in an old art : embroidery.
Possibly responsible for this is the incoming trend toward multicolor schemes in rooms, which seems slated to replace the one-color look to which we have been accustomed.
Just as a varitinted Oriental rug may suggest the starting point for a room scheme, so may some of the newest versions of embroidery.
One such, in fact, is a rug.
Though not actually crewel embroidery, it has that look with its over-stitched raised pattern in blue, pink, bronze and gold and a sauterne background.
The twirled, stylized design of winding stems and floral forms strongly suggests the embroidered patterns used so extensively for upholstery during the Jacobean period in England.
Traditional crewel embroidery which seems to be appearing more frequently this fall than in the past few years is still available in this country.
The work is executed in England ( by hand ) and can be worked in any desired design and color.
Among some recent imports were seat covers for one series of dining room chairs on which were depicted salad plates overflowing with tomatoes and greens and another set on which a pineapple was worked in naturalistic color.
Chinese influence for a particularly fabulous room which houses a collection of fine English Chippendale furniture, fabric wall panels were embroidered with a typically Chinese-inspired design of this revered Eighteenth Century period.
Since the work is done by hand, the only limitation, it is said, is that of human conception.
Modern embroidered panels, framed and meant to be hung on the wall, are another aspect of this trend.
These have never gone out of style in Scandinavian homes and now seem to be reappearing here and there in shops which specialize in handicrafts.
An amateur decorator might try her hand at a pair during the long winter evenings, and, by picking up her living room color scheme, add a decorative do-it-yourself note to the room.
California Democrats this weekend will take the wraps off a 1962 model statewide campaign vehicle which they have been quietly assembling in a thousand district headquarters, party clubrooms and workers' backyards.
They seem darned proud of it.
And they're confident that the *j, currently assailed by dissensions within the ranks, will be impressed by the purring power beneath the hood of this grassroots-fueled machine.
Their meeting at San Francisco is nominally scheduled as a conference of the California Democratic Council directorate.
But it will include 200-odd officeholders, organization leaders and interested party people.
Out of this session may come : 1 -- plans for a dramatic, broad-scale party rally in Los Angeles next December that would enlist top-drawer Democrats from all over the country.
2 -- blueprints for doubling the *j present 55,000 enrollment.
3 -- arrangements for a statewide pre-primary endorsing convention in Fresno next Jan. 26-28.
4 -- and proposals for a whole series of lesser candidate-picking conventions in the state's 38 new Congressional districts.
At the head of the *j is an unorthodox, 39-year-old amateur politico, Thomas B. Carvey Jr., whose normal profession is helping develop Hughes Aircraft's moon missiles.
He's approached his Democratic duties in hard-nosed engineering fashion.
Viewed from afar, the *j looks like a rather stalwart political pyramid : its elected directorate fans out into an array of district leaders and standing committees, and thence into its component clubs and affiliated groups -- 500 or so.
Much of its strength stems from the comfortable knowledge that every volunteer Democratic organization of any consequence belongs to the *j.
Moreover, the entire state Democratic hierarchy, from Gov. Brown on down to the county chairmen, also participates in this huge operation.
Contrarily, Republican volunteers go their separate ways, and thus far have given no indication that they'd be willing to join forces under a single directorate, except in the most loose-knit fashion.
Carvey believes that reapportionment, which left many Democratic clubs split by these new district boundaries, actually will increase *j membership.
Where only one club existed before, he says, two will flourish henceforth.
Biggest organizational problem, he adds, is setting up *j units in rock-ribbed Democratic territory.
Paradoxically the council is weakest in areas that register 4- and 5-to-1 in the party's favor, strongest where Democrats and Republicans compete on a fairly even basis.
Like most Democratic spokesmen, Carvey predicts 1962 will be a tremendously partisan year.
Hence the attention they're lavishing on the *j.
In all probability, the council will screen and endorse candidates for the Assembly and for Congress, and then strive to put its full weight behind these pre-primary favorites.
This bodes heated contests in several districts where claims have already been staked out by Democratic hopefuls who don't see eye-to-eye with the *j.
Naturally, the statewide races will provide the major test for the expanding council.
Shunted aside by the rampant organizers for John F. Kennedy last year, who relegated it to a somewhat subordinate role in the Presidential campaign, the *j plainly intends to provide the party's campaign muscle in 1962.
There is evidence that it will be happily received by Gov. Brown and the other constitutional incumbents.
Carvey considers that former Vice President Nixon would be Brown's most formidable foe, with ex-*gov. Knight a close second.
But the rest of the *j gubernatorial aspirants don't worry him very much.
In his *j work, Carvey has the close-in support and advice of one of California's shrewdest political strategists : former Democratic National Committeeman Paul Ziffren, who backed him over a Northland candidate espoused by Atty. Gen. Stanley Mosk.
( significantly, bitter echoes of the 1960 power struggle that saw Mosk moving into the national committee post over Ziffren are still audible in party circles.
) note : we've just received an announcement of the 54th Assembly district post-reapportionment organizing convention Wednesday night in South Pasadena's War Memorial Bldg., which graphically illustrates the *j broad appeal.
State Sen. Dick Richards will keynote ; state and county committeemen, *j directors and representatives, members of 16 area clubs, and all residents have been invited.
This is going to be a language lesson, and you can master it in a few minutes.
It is a short course in Communese.
It works with English, Russian, German, Hungarian or almost any other foreign tongue.
Once you learn how to translate Communese, much of each day's deluge of news will become clearer.
At least, I have found it so.
For some compulsive reason which would have fascinated Dr. Freud, Communists of all shapes and sizes almost invariably impute to others the very motives which they harbor themselves.
They accuse their enemies of precisely the crimes of which they themselves are most guilty.
President Kennedy's latest warning to the Communist world that the United States will build up its military strength to meet any challenge in Berlin or elsewhere was, somewhat surprisingly, reported in full text or fairly accurate excerpts behind the Iron Curtain.
Then the Communese reply came back from many mouthpieces with striking consistency.
Now listen closely : Moscow radio from the Literary Gazette in English to England : President Kennedy once again interpreted the Soviet proposals, to sign a peace treaty with Germany as a threat, as part of the world menace allegedly looming over the countries of capitalism.
Evidently the war drum beating and hysteria so painstakingly being stirred up in the West have been planned long in advance.
The West Berlin crisis is being played up artificially because it is needed by the United States to justify its arms drive.
The Soviet news agency *j datelined from New York in English to Europe : President Kennedy's enlargement of the American military program was welcomed on Wall Street as a stimulus to the American munitions industry.
When the stock exchange opened this morning, many dealers were quick to purchase shares in Douglas, Lockheed and United Aircraft and prices rose substantially.
Over 4 million shares were sold, the highest figures since early June.
( quotations follow.
) *j datelined Los Angeles, in English to Europe : former Vice President Nixon came out in support of President Kennedy's program for stepping up the arms race.
He also demanded that Kennedy take additional measures to increase international tension : specifically to crush the Cuban revolution, resume nuclear testing, resist more vigorously admission of China to its lawful seat in the United Nations, and postpone non-military programs at home.
T*a*s*s from Moscow in English to Europe : the American press clamored for many days promising President Kennedy would reply to the most vital domestic and foreign problems confronting the United States.
In fact, the world heard nothing but sabre-rattling, the same exercises which proved futile for the predecessors of the current President.
If there were no West Berlin problem, imperialist quarters would have invented an excuse for stepping up the armaments race to try to solve the internal and external problems besetting the United States and its *j partners.
Washington apparently decided to use an old formula, by injecting large military appropriations to speed the slow revival of the U.*s. economy after a prolonged slump.
And now, for Communist listeners and readers : Moscow Radio in Russian to the *j : the U.*s. President has shown once again that the United States needs the fanning of the West Berlin crisis to justify the armaments race.
As was to be expected Kennedy's latest speech was greeted with enthusiasm by revenge-seeking circles in Bonn, where officials of the West German government praised it.
Moscow Novosti article in Russian, datelined London : U.*s. pressure on Britain to foster war hysteria over the status of West Berlin has reached its apogee.
British common sense is proverbial.
The present attempts of the politicians to contaminate ordinary Britons shows that this British common sense is unwilling to pull somebody else's chestnuts out of the fire by new military adventures.
East Berlin ( Communist ) radio in German to Germany : a better position for negotiations is the real point of this speech.
Kennedy knows the West will not wage war for West Berlin, neither conventional nor nuclear, and negotiations will come as certainly as the peace treaty.
Whenever some Washington circles were really ready for talks to eliminate friction they have always succumbed to pressure from the war clique in the Pentagon and in Bonn.
In Kennedy's speech are cross currents, sensible ones and senseless ones, reflecting the great struggle of opinions between the President's advisers and the political and economic forces behind them.
Well, dear listeners, despite all the shouting, there will be no war over West Berlin.
Moscow *j in Russian datelined Sochi : Chairman Khrushchev received the U.*s. President's disarmament adviser, John Mc*cloy.
Their conversation and dinner passed in a warm and friendly atmosphere.
Now, to translate from the Communese, this means : the West Berlin crisis is really an East Berlin crisis.
The crisis was artificially stirred up by the Kremlin ( Wall Street ) and the Red Army ( Pentagon ) egged on by the West Germans ( East Germans ).
The reason was to speed up domestic production in the *j, which Khrushchev promised upon grabbing power, and try to end the permanent recession in Russian living standards.
Chairman Khrushchev ( Kennedy ) rattles his rockets ( sabre ) in order to cure his internal ills and to strengthen his negotiating position.
His advisers in the Politburo ( White House ) are engaged in a great struggle of opinions, so he is not always consistent.
The Soviet Union will fight neither a conventional nor a nuclear war over Berlin, and neither will its Warsaw Pact allies.
The West has no intention of attacking Russia.
Chairman Khrushchev and John Mc*cloy had a terrible row at Sochi.
See, Communese is easy -- once you get onto it.
Aug. 4, 1821, nearly a century after Benjamin Franklin founded the Pennsylvania Gazette -- a century during which it had undergone several changes in ownership and a few brief suspensions in publication -- this paper made its first appearance as the Saturday Evening Post.
The country was now full of Gazettes and Samuel C. Atkinson and Charles Alexander, who had just taken over Franklin's old paper, desired a more distinctive name.
When founded by Franklin the Gazette was a weekly family newspaper and under its new name its format remained that of a newspaper but its columns gradually contained more and more fiction, poetry, and literary essays.
In the middle of the century, with a circulation of 90,000, the Post was one of the most popular weeklies in the country.
But during the second half of the century its fortunes reached a low point and when in 1897 Cyrus H. K. Curtis purchased it -- paper, type, and all -- for $1,000 it was a 16-page weekly filled with unsigned fiction and initialed miscellany, and with only some 2,000 subscribers.
Little more than a fine old name, valuable principally because of the Franklin tradition, the Saturday Evening Post was slow to revive.
But Curtis poured over $1 million into it and in time it again became one of the most popular weeklies of the country.
Remember the French railroad baron who was going to take me floating down the Nile?
Remember the night Will Rogers filled a tooth for me between numbers?
Sure, we met a barrel of rich men but it's hard to find the real thing when you're young, beautiful and the toast of two continents remember Fanny Brice promised my mother she would look after me on the road?
All this remembering took place the other night when I had supper with the Ziegfeld Girls at the Beverly Hills Club.
A quarter of a century has gone by since this bevy of walking dreams sashayed up and down the staircases of the old New Amsterdam Theater, N.*y..
But watching Mrs. Cyril Ring, Berniece Dalton Janssen, Mrs. Robert Jarvis, Mrs. Walter Adams order low-calorie seafood, no bread, I could see the Ziegfeld Girls of 1920 were determined to be glamorous grandmothers of 1961.
I was anxious to hear about those dazzling days on the Great White Way.
All I could remember was Billie Dove pasted over the ceiling of my big brother's room.
Billie was really beautiful ] exclaimed Vera Forbes Adams, batting lovely big eyes behind glitter rimmed glasses.
Sing Sing's prisoner strike was motivated by a reasonable purpose, a fair break from parole boards.
But once the strike trend hits hoosegows, there is no telling how far it may go.
Inmates might even demand the 34-hour week, all holidays off and fringe benefits including state contributions toward lawyers' fees.
Some day we might see a Federation of Prison and Jail Inmates, with a leader busily trying to organize reformatory occupants, defendants out on bail, convicts opposed to probation officers, etc..
A three-day confinement week, with a month's vacation and shorter hours all around could be an ultimate demand from cell occupants of the nation, with fringe benefits including : 1.
Wider space between iron bars and agreement by prison boards to substitute rubber in 20 per cent of metal.
2.
An agreement allowing convicts to pass on type of locks used on prison doors.
In case of a deadlock between prison boards and inmates, a federal arbitration board to include a lifer and two escapees should decide the issue.
3.
Specific broadening of travel rights.
4.
The right to leave the hoosegow any time to see a lawyer instead of waiting for a lawyer to make a trip to the prison.
5.
Recognition of Prisoners Union rule that no member of an iron or steel workers union be permitted to repair a sawed-off bar without approval and participation of representative of the cell occupant.
6.
No warden or guard to touch lock, key or doorknob except when accompanied by a prisoners' committee with powers of veto.
7.
State and federal approval of right to walk out at any time when so voted by 51 per cent of the prisoners.
The death of Harold A. Stevens, oldest of the Stevens brothers, famed operators of baseball, football and race track concessions, revived again the story of one of the greatest business successes in history.
Harold, with brothers Frank, Joe and William, took over at the death of their father, Harry M. Stevens, who put a few dollars into a baseball program, introduced the hot dog and paved the way for creation of a catering empire.
Family loyalties and cooperative work have been unbroken for generations.
I*b*m has a machine that can understand spoken words and talk back.
Nevertheless, it will seem funny to have to send for a mechanic to improve conversation.
Rembrandt's Aristotle Contemplating Bust of Homer brought $2,300,000 at auction the other night.
Both Aristotle and Homer may in spirit be contemplating bust of the old-fashioned American dollar.
The owner of the painting got it for $750,000, sold it for $500,000 in a market crash, and bought it back for $590,000.
Apologies are in order from anybody who said, are you sure you're not making a mistake?
Wagon Train is reported the No. 1 *j show.
After all, where else can the public see a wagon these days?
Lucius Beebe's book, Mr. Pullman's Elegant Palace Car, fills us with nostalgia, recalling days when private cars and Pullmans were extra wonderful, with fine woodwork, craftsmanship in construction, deep carpets and durable upholstery.
Beebe tells of one private car that has gold plumbing.
Jay Gould kept a cow on one deluxer.
Washington -- Rep. Frelinghuysen, *j Dist., had a special reason for attending the reception at the Korean Embassy for Gen. Chung Hee Park, the new leader of South Korea.
Not only is Mr. Frelinghuysen a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, but he is the grandson of the man who was instrumental in opening relations between the United States and Korea, Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Secretary of State in the administration of Chester A. Arthur.
In addition Rep. Frelinghuysen's brother Harry was on the Korean desk of the State Department in World War 2.
Next year is the 80th anniversary of the signing of the treaty between Korea and the United States and experts in Seoul are trying to find the correspondence between Frederick Frelinghuysen, who was Secretary of State in 1883 and 1884, and Gen. Lucius Foote, who was the first minister to Korea.
They enlisted the help of the New Jersey congressman, who has been able to trace the letters to the national archives, where they are available on microfilm.
On the job a top official of the New Frontier who kept a record of his first weeks on the job here gives this report of his experiences : in his first six weeks in office he presided over 96 conferences, attended 35 official breakfasts and dinners, studied and signed 285 official papers and personally took 312 telephone calls.
In addition, he said, he has answered more than 400 messages of congratulations which led him to the comment that he himself had decided he wouldn't send another congratulatory message for the rest of his life.
Sen. Case *j, has received a nice thank you note from a youngster he appointed to the Air Force Academy in Colorado.
Air Force life is great, the cadet wrote, though the fourth-class system is no fun.
He invited Mr. Case to stop by to say hello if he ever visited the academy and then added that he was on the managerial staff of the freshman football team we have just returned from Roswell, N.*m., where we were defeated, 34 to 9, the young man noted.
We have a tremendous amount of talent -- but we lack cohesion.
Kind Mr. Sam among the many stories about the late Speaker Rayburn is one from Rep. Dwyer, *j Dist..
Mrs. Dwyer's husband, M. Joseph Dwyer, was taking a 10-year-old boy from Union County on the tour of the Capitol during the final weeks of the last session.
They ran across Mr. Rayburn and the youngster expressed a desire to get the Speaker's autograph.
Mr. Dwyer said that although it was obvious that Mr. Rayburn was not well he stopped, gave the youngster his autograph, asked where he was from and expressed the hope that he would enjoy his visit to Congress.
Two days later Mr. Rayburn left Washington for the last time.
The 350th anniversary of the King James Bible is being celebrated simultaneously with the publishing today of the New Testament, the first part of the New English Bible, undertaken as a new translation of the Scriptures into contemporary English.
Since it was issued in the spring of 1611, the King James Version has been most generally considered the most poetic and beautiful of all translations of the Bible.
However, Biblical scholars frequently attested to its numerous inaccuracies, as old manuscripts were uncovered and scholarship advanced.
This resulted in revisions of the King James Bible in 1881-85 as the English Revised Version and in 1901 as the American Standard Version.
Then in 1937 America's International Council of Religious Education authorized a new revision, in the light of expanded knowledge of ancient manuscripts and languages.
Undertaken by 32 American scholars, under the chairmanship of Rev. Dr. Luther A. Weigle, former dean of Yale University Divinity School, their studies resulted in the publishing of the Revised Standard Version, 1946-52.
Not rival the New English Bible ( the Old Testament and Apocrypha will be published at a future date ) has not been planned to rival or replace the King James Version, but, as its cover states, it is offered simply as the Bible to all those who will use it in reading, teaching, or worship.
Time, of course will testify whether the new version will have achieved its purpose.
Bible reading, even more so than good classical music, grows in depth and meaning upon repetition.
If this new Bible does not increase in significance by repeated readings throughout the years, it will not survive the ages as has the King James Version.
However, an initial perusal and comparison of some of the famous passages with the same parts of other versions seems to speak well of the efforts of the British Biblical scholars.
One is impressed with the dignity, clarity and beauty of this new translation into contemporary English, and there is no doubt that the meaning of the Bible is more easily understandable to the general reader in contemporary language in the frequently archaic words and phrases of the King James.
For example, in the third chapter of Matthew, verses 13-16, describing the baptism of Jesus, the 1611 version reads : then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to be baptized of him.
But John forbad him, saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me?
And Jesus answering said unto him, suffer it to be so now : for thus it becometh us to fulfill all righteousness.
Then he suffered him.
And Jesus, when he was baptized went up straightway out of the water : and lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him.
Clearer meaning certainly, the meaning is clearer to one who is not familiar with Biblical teachings, in the New English Bible which reads : then Jesus arrived at Jordan from Galilee, and he came to John to be baptized by him.
John tried to dissuade him.
Do you come to me?
He said ; I need rather to be baptized by you.
Jesus replied, let it be so for the present ; we do well to conform this way with all that God requires.
John then allowed him to come.
After baptism Jesus came up out of the water at once, and at that moment heaven opened ; he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove to alight upon him ; ( the paragraphing, spelling and punctuation are reproduced as printed in each version.
) among the most frequently quoted Biblical sentences are the Beatitudes and yet so few persons, other than scholars, really understand the true meaning of these eight blessings uttered by Jesus at the beginning of the Sermon on the Mount.
To illustrate, the first blessing in the King James Bible reads : blessed are the poor in spirit ; for their's is the kingdom of heaven.
The new version states : how blest are those who know that they are poor ; the kingdom of Heaven is theirs.
Some of the poetic cadence of the older version certainly is lost in the newer one, but almost anyone, with a fair knowledge of the English language, can understand the meaning, without the necessity of interpretation by a Biblical scholar.
To a novice that is significant.
In the second and third chapters of Revelation the new version retains, however, the old phrase angel of the church which Biblical scholars have previously interpreted as meaning bishop.
This is not contemporary English.
Mostly contemporary for the most part, however, the new version is contemporary and, as such, should be the means for many to attain a clearer comprehension of the meaning of those words recorded so many hundreds of years ago by the first followers of Christ.
Originally recorded by hand, these words have been copied and recopied, translated and retranslated through the ages.
Discoveries recently made of old Biblical manuscripts in Hebrew and Greek and other ancient writings, some by the early church fathers, in themselves called for a restudy of the Bible.
To have the results recorded in everyday usable English should be of benefit to all who seek the truth.
There is one danger, however.
With contemporary English changing with the rapidity that marks this jet age, some of the words and phrases of the new version may themselves soon become archaic.
The only answer will be continuous study.
The New Testament offered to the public today is the first result of the work of a joint committee made up of representatives of the Church of England, Church of Scotland, Methodist Church, Congregational Union, Baptist Union, Presbyterian Church of England, Churches in Wales, Churches in Ireland, Society of Friends, British and Foreign Bible Society and National Society of Scotland.
Prof. C. H. Dodd, 76, a Congregational minister and a leading authority on the New Testament, is general director of the project and chairman of the New Testament panel.
Sizzling temperatures and hot summer pavements are anything but kind to the feet.
That is why it is important to invest in comfortable, airy types of shoes.
There are many soft and light shoe leathers available.
Many styles have perforations and an almost weightlessness achieved via unlined leathers.
Softness is found in crushed textures.
Styles run the gamut from slender and tapered with elongated toes to a newer squared toe shape.
Heels place emphasis on the long legged silhouette.
Wine glass heels are to be found in both high and semi-heights.
Stacked heels are also popular on dressy or tailored shoes.
Just the barest suggestion of a heel is found on teenage pumps.
Coolest shade while white is the coolest summer shade, there are lots of pastel hues along with tintable fabrics that will blend with any wardrobe color.
In the tintable group are high and little heels, squared and oval throats, and shantung-like textures.
Don't overlook the straws this year.
They come in crisp basket weaves in natural honey hues, along with lacey open weaves with a lustre finish in natural, white, black and a whole range of colors.
In the casual field straws feature wedge heels of cork or carved wood in a variety of styles.
For added comfort some of the Italian designed sandals have foam padded cushioning.
The citrus tones popular in clothing are also to be found afoot.
Orange and lemon are considered important as are such pastels as blue and lilac.
In a brighter nautical vein is Ille De France blue.
Contrast trim provides other touches of color.
Spectators in white crush textures dip toe and heel in smooth black, navy and taffy tan.
Designed for ease designed for summer comfort are the shoes illustrated.
At the left is a pair of dressy straw pumps in a light, but crisp texture.
In a lacey open weave shoes have a luster finish, braided collar and bow highlight on the squared throat.
At right is a casual style in a crushed unlined white leather.
Flats have a scalloped throat.
An electric toothbrush ( Broxodent ) may soon take its place next to the electric razor in the American bathroom.
The brush moves up and down and is small enough to clean every dental surface, including the back of the teeth.
In addition, the motor has the seal of approval of the Underwriters Laboratories, which means it is safe.
The unit consists of a small motor that goes on as soon as it is plugged in.
The speed is controlled by pressing on the two brake buttons located where the index finger and thumb are placed when holding the motor.
The brushes can be cleaned and sterilized by boiling and are detachable so that every member of the family can have his own.
Most of us brush our teeth by hand.
The same can be said of shaving yet the electric razor has proved useful to many men.
The electric toothbrush moves in a vertical direction, the way dentists recommend.
In addition, it is small enough to get into crevices, jacket and crown margins, malposed anteriors, and the back teeth.
The bristles are soft enough to massage the gums and not scratch the enamel.
It is conceivable that Broxodent could do a better job than ordinary brushing, especially in those who do not brush their teeth properly.
Several dentists and patients with special dental problems have experimented with the device.
The results were good although they are difficult to compare with hand brushing, particularly when the individual knows how to brush his teeth properly.
The electric gadget is most helpful when there are many crowned teeth and in individuals who are elderly, bedfast with a chronic disease, or are handicapped by disorders such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
But for many of us, it will prove an enjoyable luxury.
It is not as convenient as the old type toothbrush and the paste tends to shimmy off the bristles.
Since the apparatus is new, it requires experimentation and changes in technique.
Turn over writes : does numbness in the left hand at night, which awakens the person, indicate brain tumor?
Reply : no.
This is a common symptom and the cause usually is pressure on the nerve leading to the affected hand.
The pressure may come from muscles, tendons, or bones anywhere from the neck to the hand.
Steam baths writes : do steam baths have any health value?
Reply : no, other than cleaning out the pores and making the sweat glands work harder.
An ordinary hot bath or shower will do the same.
Sewing brings numbness writes : what makes my hands numb when sewing?
Reply : there are many possibilities, including poor circulation, a variety of neurological conditions, and functional disorders.
This manifestation may be an early sign of multiple sclerosis or the beginning of sewer's cramp.
Brace for sciatica writes : does a brace help in sciatica?
Reply : a back brace might help, depending upon the cause of sciatica.
Cholesterol and thyroid writes : does the cholesterol go down when most of the thyroid gland is removed?
Reply : no.
It usually goes up.
The cholesterol level in the blood is influenced by the glands of the body.
It is low when the thyroid is overactive and high when the gland is sluggish.
The latter is likely to occur when the thyroid is removed.
The gap between the bookshelf and the record cabinet grows smaller with each new recording catalogue.
There's more reading and instruction to be heard on discs than ever before, although the spoken rather than the sung word is as old as Thomas Alva Edison's first experiment in recorded sound.
Edison could hardly have guessed, however, that Sophocles would one day appear in stereo.
If the record buyer's tastes are somewhat eclectic or even the slightest bit esoteric, he will find them satisfied on educational records.
And he will avoid eye-strain in the process.
Everything from poetry to phonetics, history to histrionics, philosophy to party games has been adapted to the turntable.
For sheer ambition, take the Decca series titled modestly Wisdom.
Volumes One and Two, selected from the sound tracks of a television series, contain conversations with the elder wise men of our day.
These sages include poet Carl Sandburg, statesman Jawaharlal Nehru and sculptor Jacques Lipchitz, in Volume One, and playwright Sean O'*casey, David Ben-*gurion, philosopher Bertrand Russell and the late Frank Lloyd Wright in the second set.
Hugh Downs is heard interviewing Wright, for an added prestige fillip.
There's more specialization and a narrower purpose in two albums recently issued by Dover Publications.
Dover publishes what the company calls Listen And Learn Productions designed to teach foreign languages.
Previous presentations have been on French, Spanish, Russian, Italian, German and Japanese.
But the firm has recognized the tight dollar and the tourist's desire to visit the smaller, less-traveled and relatively inexpensive countries, and is now prepared to teach modern Greek and Portuguese through recordings.
The respective vocabularies essential for travel are available in separate albums.
Thanks to Spoken Arts Records, history buffs may hear Lincoln's most memorable speeches and letters in a two-disc set, interpreted by Lincoln authority and lecturer Roy P. Basler.
As a contemporary bonus, the set includes Carl Sandburg's address at a joint session of Congress, delivered on Lincoln's birthday two years ago.
For those who like poetry but never get around to reading it, the Library of Congress makes it possible for poets to be heard reading their own work.
The program was instituted in 1940, and releases are available only from the Recording Laboratory of the Library of Congress, Washington 25, D.*c..
A catalogue is available on request.
Newest on the list are John Ciardi, W. D. Snodgrass, I. A. Richards, Oscar Williams, Robert Hillyer, John Hall Wheelock, Stephen Vincent Benet, Edwin Muir, John Peal Bishop and Maxwell Bodenheim.
Two poets are paired on each record, in the order given above.
Decca is not the only large commercial company to impart instruction.
R*c*a Victor has an ambitious and useful project in a stereo series called Adventures In Music, which is an instructional record library for elementary schools.
Howard Mitchell and the National Symphony perform in the first two releases, designed for grades one and two.
Teaching guides are included with each record.
In an effort to fortify himself against the unforseen upsets sure to arise in the future, Herbert A. Leggett, banker-editor of the Phoenix Arizona Progress, reflects upon a few of the depressing experiences of the feverish fifties.
One of the roughest was the *j quiz shows, which gave him inferiority complexes.
Though it was a great relief when the big brains on these shows turned out to be frauds and phonies, it did irreparable damage to the ego of the editor and many another intelligent, well-informed American.
But the one that upset the financially wise was the professional dancer who related in a book how he parlayed his earnings into a $2,000,000 profit on the stock market.
Every man who dabbles in the market to make a little easy money on the side and suffers losses could at the time hardly face his wife who was wondering how her husband could be so dumb.
Investors breathed more freely when it was learned that this acrobatic dancer had turned magician and was only doing a best seller book to make some dough.
People who take us for suckers are like the Westerner who had on exhibit his superior marksmanship in the form of a number of bull's-eye achievements.
The promoter who wanted to sign him up for the circus asked him how he was able to do it.
His answer was simple but honest.
He just shot at the board and then drew circles around the holes to form a bull's-eye.
One of the obstacles to the easy control of a 2-year-old child is a lack of verbal communication.
The child understands no.
He senses his mother's disapproval.
But explanations leave him confused and unmoved.
If his mother loves him, he clings to that love as a ballast.
It motivates his behavior.
He wants Mommy to think him a good boy.
He doesn't want her to look frowningly at him, or speak to him angrily.
This breaks his heart.
He wants to be called sweet, good, considerate and mother's little helper.
But even mother's loving attitude will not always prevent misbehavior.
His desires are so strong that he needs constant reassurance of his mother's love for him and what she expects of him, in order to overcome them.
His own inner voice, which should tell him what not to do, has not developed.
It won't develop until he has words with which to clothe it.
The conscience is non-existent in the 2-year-old.
What can a mother do then to prevent misbehavior?
She can decrease the number of temptations.
She can remove all knick-knacks within reach.
The fewer nos she has to utter the more effective they will be.
She should offer substitutes for the temptations which seem overwhelmingly desirable to the child.
If he can't play with Mommy's magazines, he should have some old numbers of his own.
If Daddy's books are out of bounds his own picture books are not.
Toys he has can be made to act as substitutes for family temptations such as refrigerator and gas stove.
During this precarious period of development the mother should continue to influence the growth of the child's conscience.
She tells him of the consequences of his behavior.
If he bites a playmate she says, Danny won't like you.
If he snatches a toy, she says, Caroline wants her own truck just as you do.
There is no use trying to Explain to a 2-year-old.
Actions speak louder.
Remove temptations.
Remove the child from the scene of his misbehavior.
Substitute approved objects for forbidden ones and keep telling him how he is to act.
He won't submit to his natural desires all the time, and it's Mother's love that is responsible for his good behavior.
This is the period during the melancholy days of autumn when universities and colleges schedule what they call Homecoming Day.
They seek thereby to lure the old grad back to the old scenes.
The football opponent on homecoming is, of course, selected with the view that said opponent will have little more chance than did a Christian when thrown to one of the emperor's lions.
It is true, of course, the uncertainties of life being what they are, that as now and then the Christian killed the lion, homecoming days have been ruined by a visiting team.
Even with all possible precaution, homecomings are usually rather cruel and sad, and only the perpetually ebullient and the continually optimistic are made happy by them.
More often than not, as the Old Grad wanders along the old paths, his memory of happy days when he strolled one of the paths with a coed beside him becomes an ache and a pain.
He can smell again the perfume she wore and recall the lilting sound of laughter, and can smell again the aroma of autumn -- fallen leaves, the wine of cool air, and the nostalgia of woodsmoke which blows through all the winds of fall.
Undergraduates it is at precisely such moments that he encounters a couple of undergraduates, faces alight, holding hands and talking happily as they come along, oblivious of him, or throwing him the most fleeting and casual of glances, such as they would give a tethered goat.
Usually, they titter loudly after they have passed by.
His dream goes.
He feels, suddenly, the weight of the fat that is on him.
His bridgework or his plates feel loose and monstrous.
His bifocals blur.
His legs suddenly feel heavy and unaccountably weary, as if he had walked for miles, instead of strolling a few hundred yards along the old campus paths.
Bitterness comes over him and the taste of time is like unripe persimmons in his mouth.
It is not much better if he meets with old classmates.
Too often, unless he hails them, they pass him by.
He recalls with a wry smile the wit who said, on returning from a homecoming reunion, that he would never go again because all his class had changed so much they didn't even recognize him.
If they do meet and recognize one another, slap backs and embrace, the moment soon is done.
After all, when one has asked whatever became of old Joe and Charlie when one has inquired who it was Sue Brown married and where it is they now live when questions are asked and answered about families and children, and old professors when the game and its probable outcome has been exhausted that does it.
Middle-aged spread by then one begins to notice the middle-age spread ; the gray hairs, the eyeglasses, bodies that are too thin or too heavy ; the fading signs of old beauty ; the athlete of by-gone years who wears a size 46 suit and puffs when he has finished a sentence of any length then, it is time to break it up and move on.
It is, if anything, worse on the old player he sits in the stands and he doesn't like that.
Enough of his life was spent there on the field for him never to like watching the game as a spectator in the crowd.
He always feels lonely.
A team feels something.
On a team a man feels he is a part of it and akin to the men next to him.
In the stands he is lonely and lost, no matter how many are about him.
He sits there remembering the tense moment before the ball was snapped ; the churning of straining feet, the rasp of the canvas pants ; the smell and feel of hot, wet woolen sleeves across his face.
He remembers the desperate, panting breath ; the long runs on the kick-offs ; the hard, jolting tackles ; the breakthrough ; the desperate agony of goal-line stands.
And so, he squirms with each play, remembering his youth.
But it is no use.
It is gone.
No matter how often a man goes back to the scenes of his youth and strength, they can never be recaptured again.
Since the obvious is not always true, the Republican National Committee wisely analyzed its defeat of last autumn and finds that it occurred, as suspected, in the larger cities.
Of 40 cities with populations of 300,000 and more, Mr. Kennedy carried 26 and Mr. Nixon 14.
There are eight states in which the largest urban vote can be the balance of power in any close election.
These are New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Maryland, Missouri, New Jersey, Illinois and Minnesota.
In 1952 Mr. Eisenhower won all but Missouri.
Yet, in 1960 all eight gave majorities to Mr. Kennedy.
Republican research broke down the vote in Philadelphia.
Mr. Nixon, despite a very earnest effort to capture the minority groups, failed to do so.
His visit to Warsaw, Poland, after the Russian journey in the summer of 1959 was expected to win the Polish vote which, in several cities, is substantial.
Yet, the *j breakdown discovered that in Philadelphia Mr. Nixon received but 21 per cent of the so-called Polish vote ; 30 per cent of the Irish vote, and 18 per cent of the Negro vote.
Task force a *j task force committee will seek to find out how its party may win support from the ethnic and minority groups in cities.
The task force might make a start in Washington with Republican congressional leaders.
These gentlemen already have done the party harm by their seeming reluctance to vote aid for the depressed areas and by their criticism of Mr. Kennedy for talking about a recession and unemployment.
This error was compounded by declaring the recession to be a statistical one, and not a reality.
The almost six million persons without jobs and the two million working part-time do not consider themselves and their plight as statistical.
They did not view the tour of the distressed cities and towns by Secretary of Labor Goldberg as politics, which the *j declared it to be.
The people visited were glad to have a government with heart enough to take an interest in their misery.
Senator Mundt's gross distortion of President Eisenhower's conversation into a denunciation of President Kennedy as too left wing, a statement Mr. Eisenhower declared to be entirely false, is another case in point.
If the Republicans and Southern Democrats join to defeat medical care for the old under the Social Security program, they will thereby erect still another barrier to *j hopes in the cities.
Errors repeated the present Republican leadership as practiced by Mundt, Goldwater, Bridges, Dirksen, et al, is repeating the errors of the party leadership of the 1930s.
In that decade the partisan zeal to defend Mr. Hoover, and the party's failure to anticipate or cope with the depression, caused a great majority of Americans to see the Republican party as cold and lacking in any sympathy for the problems of human beings caught up in the distress and suffering brought on by the economic crash.
The Republican party was not lacking in humanity, but it permitted its extremely partisan leadership to make it appear devoid of any consideration for people in trouble.
Farmers called their mule-drawn pickup trucks Hoover carts.
Smokers reduced to the makings, spoke of the sack tobacco as Hoover dust.
One may be sure the present Republican congressional leadership hasn't meant to repeat this error.
But it is in the process of so doing because it apparently gives priority to trying to downgrade John F. Kennedy.
That this is not good politics is underscored by the latest poll figures which show that 72 per cent of the people like the way in which the new President is conducting the nation's business.
The most articulate Republicans are those who, in their desire to get back at Mr. Kennedy, already have created the image of a Republican leadership which is reluctant to assist the distressed and the unemployed, and which is even more unwilling to help old people who need medical care.
If they also defeat the school bill, the *j task force won't have much research to do.
It will early know why the party won't win back city votes.
The 1962 General Assembly has important business to consider.
The tragedy is that it will not be able to transact that business in any responsible manner.
After the Griffin-*byrd political troup has completed the circuit in November in the name of a Pre-*legislative Forum, this is going to be the most politically oriented Legislature in history.
Every legislator from Brasstown Bald to Folkston is going to have his every vote subjected to the closest scrutiny as a test of his political allegiances, not his convictions.
Hoped-for legislative action on adjustment of the county unit system stands less chance than ever.
And just how far can the Legislature go toward setting up a self-insurance system for the state in the midst of a governor's race?
How unpartisan will be the recommendations of Lt. Gov. Garland Byrd's Senate Committee on Government Operations?
The situation already was bad because the Legislature moved the governor's race forward a few months, causing the campaigning to get started earlier than usual.
But when former Gov. Marvin Griffin and Lt. Gov. Byrd accepted the invitations of the Georgia State Chamber of Commerce to join the tour next November, the situation was aggravated.
Neither had a choice other than to accept the invitation.
To have refused would have been political suicide.
And it may be that one or both men actually welcomed the opportunity, when the bravado comments are cast aside.
The Georgia State Chamber of Commerce tried to guard against the danger of eliminating potential candidates.
It wanted the State Democratic Executive Committee to pick the serious candidates.
But State Party Chairman James Gray of Albany said no, and he didn't mince any words.
They are just asking too much, he said.
We can't think of anyone else who would want to separate serious candidates from other candidates, either.
There are other dangers : politics is an accelerating game.
If an opponent accuses you of lying, don't deny it.
Say he is a horse thief, runs an old adage.
These men are spenders.
If either one ever started making promises, there is no telling where the promises would end.
Griffin's Rural Roads Authority and Byrd's 60,000 miles of county contracts would look like pauper's oaths.
The trouble is that at first glance the idea looks like such a good one.
Why not have them travel the state in November debating?
It would present a forum for them in almost every community.
But further thought brings the shuddery visions of a governor's race being run in the next Legislature, the spectre of big spending programs, the ooze of mudslinging before the campaign should even begin.
There is a way out of this.
The Chamber has not arranged a pre-legislative forum.
It has arranged a campaign for governor.
If it will simply delay the debates until the qualifications are closed next spring, and then carry all the candidates on a tour of debates, it can provide a service to the state.
But the Legislature should be granted the opportunity to complete its work before choosing up sides for the race.
Former British Prime Minister Attlee says Eisenhower was not a great soldier.
Ike's somewhat like George Washington.
Both won a pretty fair-sized war with a modest assist from British strategy.
Congressmen returning from recess say the people admire President Kennedy so much, they're even willing to heed his call to sacrifice -- and give up his program.
Slogan of the John Birch Society : paddle your own canoe.
The guy who makes the motor boats may be a Communist.
A Republican survey says Kennedy won the '60 election on the religious issue.
Too many people were afraid if the *j won, they'd have to spend all their time praying.
The Providence Journal editorial ( Jan. 25 ) entitled East Greenwich Faces A Housing Development Problem points to a dilemma that faces communities such as ours.
Your suggested solution, it seems to me, is grossly oversimplified and is inconsistent with your generally realistic attitude toward, and endorsement of, sound planning.
First of all there is ample area in East Greenwich already zoned in the classification similar to that which petitioner requested.
This land is in various stages of development in several locations throughout the town.
The demand for these lots can be met for some time to come.
This would seem to indicate that we are trying neither to halt an influx of migrants nor are we setting up such standards for development that only the well-to-do could afford to buy land and build in the new sites.
What we are attempting to do is achieve and maintain a balance between medium density and low density residential areas and industrial and commercial development.
It is in fact entirely consistent with your suggestion of modest industrial development to help pay governmental costs.
Bostitch, Inc. is approximately half way through a 10-year exemption of their real estate tax.
The wisdom of granting such tax exemptions is another matter, but this particular instance is, in my opinion, completely satisfactory.
The 1960 tax book for East Greenwich indicates a valuation for this property in excess of two million dollars.
With our current $3 per hundred tax rate, it is safe to assume that this will qualify when you suggest a community should try to develop a modest industrial plant as the best way to meet these problems.
In order to attract additional industry that is compatible with this community it is all the more important to present to the industrial prospect an orderly balance in the tax structure.
As this tax base grows so then can your medium and low density residential areas grow.
Mr. Richard Preston, executive director of the New Hampshire State Planning and Development Commission, in his remarks to the Governors Conference on Industrial Development at Providence on October 8, 1960, warned against the fallacy of attempting to attract industry solely to reduce the tax rate or to underwrite municipal services such as schools when he said : if this is the fundamental reason for a community's interest or if this is the basic approach, success if any will be difficult to obtain.
He went on to say : in the first place, industry per se is not dedicated to the role of savior of foundering municipalities.
It is not in business for the purpose of absorbing increased municipal costs no matter how high a purpose that may be.
While Councilman Olson cited the anticipated increase in school costs in answer to a direct question from a taxpayer, the impact upon a school system does not have to be measured only in increased taxes to find alarm in uncontrolled growth.
We in East Greenwich have the example of two neighboring communities, one currently utilizing double sessions in their schools, and the other facing this prospect next year.
It has already been reported in your newspapers that the East Greenwich School Committee is considering additions to at least one elementary school and to the high school to insure future accommodations for a school population that we know will increase.
If they are to be commended for foresight in their planning, what then is the judgment of a town council that compounds this problem during the planning stage?
Where then is the sound planning and cooperation between agencies within the community that you have called for in other editorials?
I submit that it cannot be dismissed simply by saying we are not facing the facts of life.
The fruitful course of metropolitanization that you recommend is currently practiced by the town of East Greenwich and had its inception long before we learned what it was called.
For example : 1.
The East Greenwich Police Department utilizes the radio transmission facilities of the Warwick Police Department, thereby eliminating duplication of facilities and ensuring police coordination in the Cowessett-*east Greenwich-*potowomut area of the two communities.
2.
The East Greenwich Fire District services parts of Warwick as well as East Greenwich.
3.
The taxpayers of East Greenwich appropriate sums of money, as do other Kent County communities, for the support of the Kent County Memorial Hospital, a regional facility.
4.
The East Greenwich Free Library receives financial support from the town of East Greenwich and the City of Warwick to supplement its endowment.
5.
Feelers were put out last year to the City of Warwick, as reported in your newspapers, suggesting investigation of a common rubbish disposal area to service the Potowomut and Cowessett areas of Warwick along with East Greenwich.
6.
East Greenwich was one of the first Rhode Island towns to enter into contract agreement with the Rhode Island Development Council for planning services we could not provide for ourselves.
7.
The education program for retarded children conducted by the East Greenwich school system has pupils from at least one neighboring community.
I feel compelled to write this because I am greatly concerned with the problem of community growth rate and the relation between types of growth in a town such as East Greenwich.
I believe it is an area in which professional planners have failed to set adequate guide posts ; and yet they cannot ignore this problem because it concerns the implementation of nearly all the planning programs they have devised.
These programs are volumes of waste paper and lost hours if the citizens of a community must stand aside while land developers tell them when, where, and in what manner the community shall grow.
We have far less to fear in the migrant family than we have in the migrant developer under these conditions.
Until professional planners meet this situation squarely and update the concepts of zoning in a manner acceptable to the courts, I hope we in East Greenwich can continue to shape our own destiny.
I would like very much, on behalf of my husband and myself, to send our eternal thanks to all the wonderful people responsible for the Gabrielle Fund.
It is indeed true, as stated in the famous novel of our day, For Whom The Bell Tolls, that no man is an island, entirely of itself ; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.
Thanks to the generosity of Mr. Irving J. Fain, president of the Temple Beth El ; Rev. De*witt Clemens, pastor of the Mathewson Street Methodist Church ; Mr. Felix Miranda, of the Imperial Knife Co. ; and to Mrs. Rozella Switzer, regional director of The National Conference of Christians and Jews, who asked them to serve as a committee for the fund.
It is through them that we have become aware of the divine humanity in man, and therefore, that most people are noble, helpful and good.
Bless you my friends, for it is through love and service that brotherhood becomes a reality.
I am a sophomore at Mount Pleasant High School.
My future plans are to become a language teacher.
Of course, having this desire, I am very interested in education.
A few weeks ago, I read in the Bulletin that there were to be given Chinese classes in Cranston.
The article also said that a person had to be 18 years old or over, and must not be going to high school to attend these classes.
The following week, I read in the Sunday paper that the students of Russia begin European and Asian languages in the seventh grade.
I wish you could see the situation as I see it.
If Russian pupils have to take these languages, how come American students have a choice whether or not to take a language, but have to face so many exceptions?
I do not think that America is like Russia, not in the least ] I am proud of my country, the small city I live in, my wonderful parents, my friends and my school ; but I am also a young, able and willing girl who wants to study the Chinese language but is not old enough.
Then people wonder why Russian pupils are more advanced than American students.
Well, there lies your answer.
At the height of the first snowstorm we had, it was impossible for me to get medical attention needed during an emergency.
However, the East Providence Rescue Squad made its way through to my home in time of desperation.
Words cannot tell of the undivided attention and comfort their service gave to me.
The concern they felt for me was such as I shall never forget and for which I will always be grateful.
The rescue squad is to be praised immensely for the fine work they do in all kinds of weather.
Had they not gotten me to the hospital when they did, perhaps I would not be here to commend them at this time.
Many thanks for a job well done.
The Providence Sunday Journal article ( Jan. 29 ) asking whether American taxpayers are being victimized by a gigantic giveaway to pay for the care of war veterans who have non-service-connected disabilities sounds as though The Providence Journal is desperate for news.
Usually a veteran has to hang himself to get space on the front page.
On the question of admission to Veterans Administration hospitals of service-connected and non-service-connected disabled veterans, it must be recognized that there are many men who are greatly affected by war service.
It can manifest itself before discharge from service, or it can come out years later.
There is one other point we should never lose sight of : many veterans who enter *j hospitals as non-service cases later qualify as service-connected.
No psychiatrist could tell me that the experience in a war can not have its effect in the ensuing years.
The arguments advanced by those individuals and groups who oppose the system in force and who would drastically curtail or do away entirely with hospital care for the non-service-connected case, seem to be coldly impractical and out-of-step with the wishes of the general public.
I believe in priority for service-connected disabled veterans in admission to *j hospitals.
But I don't believe we should close the door on non-service-connected patients.
This matter is of great importance, and the outcome may mean the difference between life or death, or at least serious injuries, for many veterans.
Some critics say that the length of stay in a hospital is too long.
There's a reason for this length of stay.
First of all, the admitting physician in the *j hospital gets the patient as a new patient.
He has no experience with this veteran's previous medical record.
If the doctor is conscientious, he wants to study the patient.
As a result, it takes a little longer than it would on the outside where the family physician knows about the patient.
Secondly, the *j physician knows that when the patient leaves the hospital, he is no longer going to have a chance to visit his patient.
So he keeps the veteran in until he can observe the effects of treatment or surgery.
The American public must be presented with the facts concerning *j hospitalization.
The public should understand that whether they support a state hospital or a *j hospital, the tax dollar has to be paid one way or the other.
The responsibility is still going to be there whether they pay for a *j hospital or the tax dollar is spent for the state hospital.
An adequate system of *j hospitals is better equipped to care for the veterans than any 50 state hospitals.
It seems that open season upon veterans' hospitalization is once more upon us.
The American Medical Association is once again grinding out its tear-soaked propaganda based upon the high cost of the Veterans Administration medical program to the American taxpayer.
Do they, the A.*m.*a., offer any solution other than outright abolition of a medical system unsurpassed anywhere in the world?
We veterans acknowledge the fact that as time passes the demand for medical care at *j hospitals will grow proportionately as age fosters illness.
Nevertheless, we wonder at the stand of the A.*m.*a. on the health problem confronting the aged.
They opposed the Forand bill, which would have placed the major burden of financial support upon the individual himself through compulsory payroll deduction ; yet they supported the Eisenhower administration which will cost a small state like ours approximately five million dollars ( matched incidentally by a federal grant ) to initiate.
A lousy job Chicago, Aug. 9 -- no doubt there have been moments during every Presidency when the man in the White House has had feelings of frustration, exasperation, exhaustion, and even panic.
This we can sympathetically understand.
But no President ever before referred to his as a lousy job ( as Walter Trohan recently quoted President Kennedy as doing in conversation with Sen. Barry Goldwater ).
During his aggressive campaign to win his present position, Mr. Kennedy was vitriolic about this country's prestige abroad.
What does he think a remark like this lousy one does to our prestige and morale?
If the President of the United States really feels he won himself a lousy job, then heaven help us all.
Questions shelters Evansville, Ind., Aug. 5 -- Defense Secretary Robert S. Mc*namara has asked Congress for authority and funds to build fallout shelters costing about 200 million dollars.
Why should Congress even consider allowing such a sum for that which can give no protection?
Top scientists have warned that an area hit by an atomic missile of massive power would be engulfed in a suffocating fire storm which would persist for a long time.
The scientists have also warned that no life above ground or underground, sheltered or unsheltered could be expected to survive in an area at least 50 miles in diameter.
This sum spent for foreign economic aid, the peace corps, food for peace, or any other program to solve the problems of the underdeveloped countries would be an investment that would pay off in world peace, increased world trade, and prosperity for every country on the globe.
Let us prepare for peace, instead of for a war which would mean the end of civilization.
Short shorts on the campus Chicago, Aug. 4 -- it seems college isn't what it should be.
I refer to the attire worn by the students.
Upon a visit to a local junior college last week, I was shocked to see the young ladies wearing short shorts and the young men wearing Bermuda shorts.
Is this what our children are to come face to face with when they are ready for college in a few years?
Education should be uppermost in their minds, but with this attire how can anyone think it is so?
It looks more like they are going to play at the beach instead of taking lessons on bettering themselves.
High school students have more sense of the way to dress than college students.
Many high school students go past my house every day, and they look like perfect ladies and gentlemen.
No matter how hot the day, they are dressed properly and not in shorts.
Masaryk award Chicago, Aug. 9 -- the granting of the Jan Masaryk award August 13 to Senator Paul Douglas is a bitter example of misleading minorities.
Douglas has consistently voted to aid the people who killed Masaryk, and against principles Masaryk died to uphold.
Douglas has voted for aid to Communists and for the destruction of individual freedom ( public housing, foreign aid, etc. ).
Subsidies from *j Oak Park, Aug. 8 -- in Today's Voice, the *j is urged to reduce fares for senior citizens.
Rising costs have increased the difficulties of the elderly, and I would be the last to say they should not receive consideration.
But why is it the special responsibility of the *j to help these people?
Why should *j regular riders subsidize reduced transportation for old people any more than the people who drive their own cars or walk to work should?
The welfare of citizens, old and young, is the responsibility of the community, not only of that part of it that rides the *j.
C*t*a regulars already subsidize transportation for school children, policemen, and firemen.
Marketing meat Chicago, Aug. 9 -- in reply to a letter in Today's Voice urging the sale of meat after 6 p.m., I wish to state the other side of the story.
I am the wife of the owner of a small, independent meat market.
My husband's hours away from home for the past years have been from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. the early part of the week, and as late as 8 or 9 on week-ends.
Now he is apparently expected to give up his evenings -- and Sundays, too, for this is coming.
There is a trend to packaging meat at a central source, freezing it, and shipping it to outlying stores, where meat cutters will not be required.
If a customer wishes a special cut, it will not be available.
We are slowly being regimented to having everything packaged, whether we want it or not.
Most women, in this age of freezers, shop for the entire week on week-ends, when prices are lower.
Also, many working wives have children or husbands who take over the shopping chores for them.
Independent market owners work six days a week ; and my husband hasn't had a vacation in 14 years.
No, we are not greedy.
But if we closed the store for a vacation, we would lose our customers to the chain stores in the next block.
The meat cutters' union, which has a history of being one of the fairest and least corrupt in our area, represents the little corner markets as well as the large supermarkets.
What it is trying to do is to protect the little man, too, as well as trying to maintain a flow of fresh meat to all stores, with choice of cut being made by the consumer, not the store.
The Legion Convention and Sidney Holzman Chicago, Aug. 9 -- I, too, congratulate the American Legion, of which I am proud to have been a member for more than 40 years, on the recent state convention.
I regret that Bertha Madeira ( Today's Voice ) obtained incorrect information.
Had I been granted the floor on a point of personal privilege, the matter she raised would have been clarified.
The resolution under discussion at the convention was to require the boards of election to instruct judges to properly display the American flag.
Judges under the jurisdiction of the Chicago board of election commissioners are instructed to do this.
The resolution further asked that polling place proprietors affix an attachment to their premises for the display of the flag.
It was my desire to advise the membership of the Legion that the majority of polling places are on private property and, without an amendment to the law, we could not enforce this.
My discussion with reference to the resolution was that we should commend those citizens who serve as judges of election and who properly discharge their duty and polling place proprietors who make available their private premises, and not by innuendo criticize them.
At no time did I attempt to seek approval or commendation for the members of the Chicago board of election commissioners for the discharge of their duties.
Teaching the handicapped Chicago, Aug. 7 -- the Illinois Commission for Handicapped Children wishes to commend the recent announcement by the Catholic charities of the archdiocese of Chicago and De*paul University of the establishment of the Institute for Special Education at the university for the training of teachers for physically handicapped and mentally retarded children.
In these days of serious shortage of properly trained teachers qualified to teach physically handicapped and mentally handicapped children, the establishment of such an institute will be a major contribution to the field.
The Illinois Commission for Handicapped Children, which for 20 years has had the responsibility of coordinating the services of tax supported and voluntary organizations serving handicapped children, of studying the needs of handicapped children in Illinois, and of promoting more adequate services for them, indeed welcomes this new important resource which will help the people of Illinois toward the goal of providing an education for all of its children.
From Candlelight Club Minneapolis, Aug. 7 -- I just want to let you know how much I enjoyed your June 25 article on Liberace, and to thank you for it.
Please do put more pictures and articles in about Liberace, as he is truly one of our greatest entertainers and a really wonderful person.
More school, less pay Chicago, Aug. 7 -- is this, perhaps, one of the things that is wrong with our country?
Engineering graduates of Illinois Institute of Technology are reported receiving the highest average starting salaries in the school's history -- $550 a month.
My son, who has completed two years in engineering school, has a summer job on a construction project as an unskilled laborer.
At a rate of $3.22 an hour he is now earning approximately $580 a month.
Ironic, is it not, that after completing years of costly scientific training he will receive a cut in pay from what he is receiving as an ordinary unskilled laborer?
The Dupont case ( editorial comment on this letter appears elsewhere on this page ).
Washington, Aug. 4 -- your July 26 editorial regarding the position of Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy on prospective tax relief for Du*pont stockholders is based on an erroneous statement of fact.
As a result, your criticism of Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy and the Department of Justice was inaccurate, unwarranted and unfair.
The editorial concerned legislative proposals to ease the tax burden on Du*pont stockholders, in connection with the United States Supreme Court ruling that Du*pont must divest itself of its extensive General Motors stock holdings.
These proposals would reduce the amount of tax that Du*pont stockholders might have to pay -- from an estimated 1.1 billion dollars under present law to as little as 192 million dollars.
Congressman Wilbur D. Mills, chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, asked the Department of Justice for its views on these legislative proposals as they related to anti-trust law enforcement.
The Attorney General responded by letter dated July 19.
Copies of this letter were made avaliable to the press and public.
In this letter, Mr. Kennedy made it clear that he limited his comment only to one consideration -- what effect the legislative proposals might have on future anti-trust judgments.
There are a number of other considerations besides this one but it is for the Congress, not the Department of Justice, to balance these various considerations and make a judgment about legislation.
Yet your editorial said : now the Attorney General writes that no considerations justify any loss of revenue of this proportion.
What Mr. Kennedy, in fact, wrote was : it is the Department's view that no anti-trust enforcement considerations justify any loss of revenue of this proportion.
The editorial, by omitting the words anti-trust enforcement, totally distorted Mr. Kennedy's views.
The headline is offensive, particularly in view of the total inaccuracy of the editorial.
Congresswoman Church Wilmette, Aug. 7 -- I concur most heartily with today's letter on the futility of writing to Sen. Dirksen and Sen. Douglas.
But when you write to Congresswoman Church, bless her heart, your letter is answered fully and completely.
Should she disagree, she explains why in detail.
When she agrees, you can rest assured her position will remain unchanged.
I think we have the hardest working, best representative in Congress.
Harmful drinks Downers Grove, Aug. 8 -- a recent news story reported that Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin delayed 103 airplane passengers 10 minutes in London while they finished their drinks.
They do our country great harm by such actions.
Those in the public eye should be good examples of American citizens while abroad.
The plane should have started at the scheduled time and left Sinatra and Martin to guzzle.
Toward socialism Providence, Aug. 5 -- overt socialism means government ownership and management of a nation's main industries.
In covert socialism -- toward which America is moving -- private enterprise retains the ownership title to industries but government thru direct intervention and excessive regulations actually controls them.
In order to attract new industries, 15 states or more are issuing tax free bonds to build government owned plants which are leased to private enterprise.
This is a step toward overt socialism.
Issuing bonds for plant construction has brought new industries to certain regions.
Workers of the party to the editor : Sir -- we are writing in reference to a recent suggestion made to the staff of the Public Health Nursing Service of Jersey City ( registered professional nurses with college background and varying experiences ).
The day before Election Day, to which we are entitled as a legal holiday, we were informed to report to our respective polls to work as workers of the party.
Being ethical and professional people interested in community health and well-being, we felt this wasn't a function of our position.
Such tactics reek of totalitarianism ] as we understand, this directive was given to all city and county employes.
To our knowledge no nurse in our agency has been employed because of political affiliation.
We, therefore, considered the suggestion an insult to our intelligence, ethics, Bill of Rights, etc..
Our only obligation for this day is to vote, free of persuasion, for the person we feel is capable in directing the public.
This is our duty -- not as nurses or city employes -- but as citizens of the United States.
Plus-one shelters to the editor : Sir -- I read of a man who felt he should not build a fallout shelter in his home because it would be selfish for him to sit secure while his neighbors had no shelters.
Does this man live in a neighborhood where all are free loaders unwilling to help themselves, but ready to demand that the community help and protect them?
Community shelters are, of course, necessary for those having no space for shelter.
If in a town of 2,000 private homes, half of them have shelters, the need for the community shelters will be reduced to that extent.
In designing his home fallout shelter there is nothing to prevent a man from planning to shelter that home's occupants, plus-one -- so he will be able to take in a stranger.
I hope the man who plans to sit on his hands until the emergency comes will have a change of heart, will get busy and be the first member of our plus-one shelter club.
Escape to the editor : Sir -- people continue to inquire the reason for the race for outer space.
It's simple enough from my point of view.
I am for it.
It is the only method left for a man to escape from a woman's world.
Supports Katanga to the editor : Sir -- when the colonies decided upon freedom from England, we insisted, through the Declaration of Independence, that the nations of the world recognize us as a separate political entity.
It is high time the United States began to realize that the God-given rights of men set forth in that document are applicable today to Katanga.
In the United Nations Charter, the right of self-determination is also an essential principle.
This, again, applies to Katanga.
The people of Katanga had fought for, and obtained, their freedom from the Communist yoke of Antoine Gizenga, and his cohorts.
By political, economic, geographic and natural standards, they were justified in doing so.
The United States and the U.*n. denounce their own principles when they defend the Communist oppressors and refuse to acknowledge the right of self-determination of the Katangans.
County college costs to the editor : Sir -- permit me to commend your editorial in which you stress the fact that a program of county colleges will substantially increase local tax burdens and that taxpayers have a right to a clear idea of what such a program would commit them to.
The bill which passed the Assembly last May and is now pending in the Senate should be given careful scrutiny.
The procedure for determining the amounts of money to be spent by county colleges and raised by taxation will certainly startle many taxpayers.
Under the proposal the members of the board of trustees of a county college will be appointed ; none will be elected.
The trustees will prepare an annual budget for the college and submit it to the board of school estimate.
This board will consist of two of the trustees of the college, and the director and two members of the board of freeholders.
It will determine the amount of money to be spent by the college and will certify this amount to the board of freeholders, which shall appropriate in the same manner as other appropriations are made by it the amount so certified and the amount shall be assessed, levied and collected in the same manner as moneys appropriated for other purposes.
The approval of only three members of the board of school estimate is required to certify the amount of money to be allotted to the college.
Since two of these could be trustees of the college, actually it would be necessary to have the consent of only one elected official to impose a levy of millions of dollars of tax revenue.
This is taxation without representation.
Taxing improvements to the editor : Sir -- your editorial, Housing Speedup, is certainly not the answer to our slum problems.
The very rules and regulations in every city are the primary case of slum conditions.
Change our taxing law so that no tax shall be charged to any owner for additions or improvements to his properties.
Then see what a boom in all trades, as well as slum clearance at no cost to taxpayers, will happen.
Our entire economy will have a terrific uplift.
Natural causes to the editor : Sir -- an old man is kicked to death by muggers.
The medical examiner states that death was due to natural causes.
I once heard a comedian say that if you are killed by a taxicab in New York, it is listed as death due to natural causes.
Praises exhibit to the editor : Sir -- every resident of this city should visit the Newark Museum and see the exhibit Our Changing Skyline in Newark.
It will be at the museum until March 30.
It is a revelation of what has been done, what is being done and what will be done in Newark as shown by architects' plans, models and pictures.
It shows what a beautiful city Newark will become and certainly make every Newarker proud of this city.
It should also make him desire to participate actively in civic, school and religious life of the community so that that phase of Newark will live up to the challenge presented by this exhibit.
Parkway courtesy to the editor : Sir -- I hasten to join in praise of the men in the toll booths on the Garden State Parkway.
Recently I traveled the parkway from East Orange to Cape May and I found the most courteous group of men you will find anywhere.
One even gave my little dog a biscuit.
It was very refreshing.
Deep Peep Show the viewers of the Deep Peep Show at 15th and *j Streets N*w have an added attraction -- the view of a fossilized cypress swamp.
Twenty feet below the street level in the excavation of the new motel to be constructed on this site, a black coal-like deposit has been encountered.
This is a black swamp clay in which about one hundred million years ago cypress-like trees were growing.
The fossilized remains of many of these trees are found embedded in the clay.
Some of the stumps are as much as three feet long, but most of them have been flattened by the pressure of the overlying sediments.
Although the wood has been changed to coal, much of it still retains its original cell structure.
In the clay are entombed millions of pollen grains and spores which came from plants growing in the region at the time.
These microfossils indicate the swamp was formed during the Lower Cretaceous period when dinosaurs were at their heyday and when the first flowering plants were just appearing.
The 15th Street deposit is not to be confused with the nearby famous Mayflower Hotel cypress swamp on 17th Street reported in The Washington Post, August 2, 1955, which was probably formed during the second interglacial period and is therefore much younger.
Working for peace recently the secretary of the Friends Committee on National Legislation was interviewed on the air.
While I respect his sincere concern for peace, he made four points that I would like to question.
1.
He said, let's work for peace instead of protection from aggression.
I would ask, why not do both?
Military power does not cause war ; war is the result of mistrust and lack of understanding between people.
Are we not late, especially those of us who call ourselves Friends, in doing enough about this lack of understanding?
2.
As to protection, the speaker disapproved of shelters, pointing out that fallout shelters would not save everyone.
Is this a reason for saving no one?
Would the man with an empty life boat row away from a shipwreck because his boat could not pick up everyone?
3.
The speaker suggested that the desolation of a post-attack world would be too awful to face.
If the world comes to this, wouldn't it be the very time when courage and American know-how would be needed to help survivors rebuild?
Many of our young people think it would.
4.
Lastly, the speaker decried our organized program of emergency help calling it Civilian Defense.
In 1950, Public Law 920 created Civil Defense ( different from Civilian-groups of World War 2 ), a responsibility of the Government at all levels to help reduce loss of life and property in disaster, natural or manmade.
Far from creating fear, as the speaker suggests, preparedness -- knowing what to do in an emergency -- gives people confidence.
Civil Defense has far to go and many problems to solve, but is it not in the best spirit of our pioneer tradition to be not only willing, but prepared to care for our own families and help our neighbors in any disaster -- storm, flood, accident or even war?
Pets in apartments it seems rather peculiar that residents of apartments are denied the right of providing themselves with the protection and companionship of dogs.
I feel that few burglars would be prone to break and enter into someone's apartment if they were met with a good hardy growl that a dog would provide.
In addition, would not the young female public of Washington be afforded a greater degree of protection at night when they are on the streets if they were accompanied by a dog on a leash?
I grant that the dog may not be really protective, based on his training, but if you were roaming the streets looking for a purse to snatch or a young lady to molest, how quick would you be to attack a person strolling with a dog?
I would like to suggest that the landlords and Commissioners get together and consider liberalizing the practice of prohibiting dogs in apartments.
Sidewalk cafes use the terraces of the Capitol for a sidewalk cafe?
Could Senator Humphrey be serious in his proposal?
Is nothing in this country more sacred than the tourists' comfort?
Perhaps the idea of sidewalk cafes could be extended.
The Lincoln and Jefferson Memorials are rather bleak.
Why not put a cafe in each so the tourists would not have to travel too far to eat?
Unfortunately the cafes might not make enough money to support themselves during the off season.
As an added suggestion to balance the budget, the Government could sell advertising space on the Washington Monument.
It is visible throughout the city, and men from Madison Ave. would jump at the chance.
Sen. Hubert Humphrey is obviously a man with a soul and heart.
He, like most of us, wants to be able to sit, to contemplate and be moved by the great outdoors.
Let us have more benches and fewer forbidden areas around fountains and gardens.
Let us, like the French, have outdoor cafes where we may relax, converse at leisure and enjoy the passing crowd.
Dissenting views of senators two strong dissents from the majority report of the Joint Economic Committee ( May 2 ) by Senators Proxmire and Butler allege that the New Deal fiscal policy of the Thirties did not work.
For a neutral Germany Soviets said to fear resurgence of German militarism to the editor of the New York Times : for the first time in history the entire world is dominated by two large, powerful nations armed with murderous nuclear weapons that make conventional warfare of the past a nullity.
The United States and Soviet Russia have enough nuclear weapons to destroy all nations.
Recent statements by well-known scientists regarding the destructive power of the newest nuclear bombs and the deadly fall-outs should be sufficient to still the voices of those who advocate nuclear warfare instead of negotiations.
President Kennedy was right when he said, we shall never negotiate out of fear and we never shall fear to negotiate.
I have just returned from a seven-week trip to Europe and the Far East.
It is quite evident that the people of Western Europe are overwhelmingly opposed to participation in a nuclear war.
The fact is that the Italians, French and British know that they have no defense against nuclear bombs.
We have no right to criticize them, as they realize they would be sitting ducks in a nuclear war.
We should stand firmly and courageously for our right to free access into Berlin.
It would be criminal folly if the Communists tried to prevent us.
But there is nothing we can do to stop Soviet Russia from granting de facto recognition to East Germany.
Soviet Russia has been invaded twice by German troops in a generation.
In the last war Russia lost more than ten million killed and its lands and factories were devastated.
Probable agreement the truth is that Communist Russia fears the resurgence of German militarism.
Berlin is merely being used by Moscow as a stalking horse.
Actually, the Communists, out of fear of a united and armed Germany, would probably be willing to agree to a disarmed Germany that would be united and neutral and have its independence guaranteed by the U.*n..
If the Communists are sincere in wanting a united, neutral and disarmed Germany, it might well be advantageous for the German people in this nuclear age.
It could provide security without cost of armaments and increase German prosperity and lessen taxation.
France and other Western European nations likewise fear a rearmed Germany.
If the German people favor such a settlement we should not oppose Germany following the example of Austria.
President Kennedy has urged a peace race on disarmament that might be called Operation Survival which has many facets.
Why not make a beginning with a united and disarmed Germany whose neutrality and immunity from nuclear bombing would be guaranteed by the Big Four powers and the United States?
A united Germany, freed of militarism, might be the first step toward disarmament and peace in a terrorized and tortured world.
Meeting U.*n. obligations to the editor of the New York Times : in your editorial of Sept. 30 The Smoldering Congo you make the following comment : far too many states are following the Russian example in refusing to pay their assessments.
It is up to the Assembly to take action against them.
They are violating their Charter obligation, the prescribed penalty for which is suspension of membership or expulsion.
I would like to quote from the Charter of the United Nations : Article 17, Section 1 : the General Assembly shall consider and approve the budget of the Organization.
Section 2 : the expenses of the Organization shall be borne by the Members as apportioned by the General Assembly.
Article 19 : a Member of the United Nations which is in arrears in the payment of its financial contributions to the Organization shall have no vote in the General Assembly if the amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the amount of the contributions due from it for the preceding two full years.
The U.*s.*s.*r. and her followers are careful in paying their obligations to the regular budget.
But they refuse, as do the Arab states, to support the United Nations' expenses of maintaining the United Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East as a buffer between Egypt and Israel, and the U.*n. troops in the Congo, which expenses are not covered by the regular budget of the United Nations, but by a special budget.
According to the official interpretation of the Charter, a member cannot be penalized by not having the right to vote in the General Assembly for nonpayment of financial obligations to the special United Nations' budgets, and of course cannot be expelled from the Organization ( which you suggested in your editorial ), due to the fact that there is no provision in the Charter for expulsion.
To aid international law Connally amendment's repeal held step toward world order to the editor of the New York Times : in your Sept. 27 editorial appraisal of the work of the First Session of the Eighty-seventh Congress you referred to the lack of consciousness of destiny in a time of acute national and world peril.
Yet your list of things left undone did not include repeal of the Connally amendment to this country's domestic jurisdiction reservation to its adherence to the Statute of the International Court of Justice.
The Connally amendment says that the United States, rather than the court, shall determine whether a matter is essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of the United States in a case before the World Court to which the United States is a party.
If the case is thus determined by us to be domestic, the court has no jurisdiction.
Since the Connally amendment has the effect of giving the same right to the other party to a dispute with the United States, it also prevents us from using the court effectively.
Yet although the Kennedy Administration, and the Eisenhower Administration before it, have both declared themselves solidly for repeal of the Connally amendment, as contrary to our best interests, no action has yet been taken.
Our destiny in these perilous times should be to lead strongly in the pursuit of peace, with justice, under law.
To achieve this destiny, acts as well as words are needed -- not only acts that lead to physical strength but also acts that lead to strength based on right doing and respect.
What better affirmative step could be taken to this end than repeal of the Connally amendment -- an act which could expose the United States to no practical risk yet would put an end to our self-judging attitude toward the court, enable us to utilize it, and advance in a tangible way the cause of international law and order?
We believe that the list of vital things left undone to date by the Eighty-seventh Congress should have included repeal by the Senate of the Connally amendment.
For better subway services to the editor of the New York Times : many home-bound subway riders utilizing the Flushing-*main Street express are daily confronted with the sight of the local departing from the Woodside station as their express comes to a stop, leaving them stranded and strained.
To the tens of thousands who must transfer to ride to Seventy-fourth Street and change for the *j, this takes a daily toll of time and temper.
The Transit Authority has recently placed in operation hold lights at *j Thirty-ninth and Fifty-ninth Street stations in Brooklyn.
This holds the local until the express passengers change trains.
Without question, this time and temper saver should be immediately installed at the Woodside station.
Phone service criticized to the editor of the New York Times : as a business man I have to use the telephone constantly, from three to four hours a day.
In the last few years the telephone company has managed to automate many areas of their service.
It has not been any great mental effort on my part to keep up with this mechanization which has brought about new ways of dialing.
However, there are still several types of calls that necessitate the use of telephone operators.
I have been absolutely shocked at the ineptness of the young ladies who are servicing person-to-person calls, special long-distance calls, etc..
Either it is lack of training, lack of proper screening when hiring, lack of management or possibly lack of interest on the part of the telephone company, which does have a Government-blessed monopoly.
Fair-priced funeral to the editor : I disagree with the writer who says funeral services should be government-controlled.
The funeral for my husband was just what I wanted and I paid a fair price, far less than I had expected to pay.
But the hospitals and doctors should be.
Helping retarded children to the editor : recently I visited the very remarkable Pilgrim School for retarded children.
Hazel Park donates its recreation center, five days a week, to the school.
There is no charge and no state aid.
Kiwanis, American Legion and other groups donate small sums and the mothers do what they can to bring in dollars for its support.
There are 70 children there and the mothers donate one day a week to the school.
Reading, writing and simple arithmetic are taught along with such crafts as working in brass.
They make beautiful objects.
Enough trading stamps were collected to buy a 12-passenger station wagon.
Southfield schools furnish an old 45-passenger bus ( the heater in which needs repair since some of the children ride a long distance and need the heat ).
The school is located at 9-1/2 Mile Road, Woodward Heights.
Visitors are welcome to come see what these dedicated mothers can do.
Jobs for Cavanagh to the editor : I was surprised at Mayor Miriani's defeat, but perhaps Mayor-elect Cavanagh can accomplish some things that should have been done years ago.
Maybe he can clean out the white elephants in some of the city departments such as welfare, *j and sanitation.
Negligence in garbage and rubbish collections and alley cleaning is great.
He should put the police back to patrolling and walking the streets at night.
There should be better bus service and all of our city departments and their various branches need a general and complete overhauling.
Our litterbug ordinances are not enforced and I have yet to read of a conviction in a littering case.
Drunken truck drivers in the city departments should be weeded out.
Educate the city employes to give real service to the public.
After all, they are paid by the public, they should be examples.
Church finds news features are helpful to the editor : at a recent meeting of the Women's Association of the Trumbull Ave. United Presbyterian Church, considerable use was made of material from The Detroit News on the King James version of the New Testament versus the New English Bible.
Some members of the organization called attention also to the article on hymns of inspiration, the Daily Prayer and Three Minutes A Day, as being very helpful.
We feel that The Detroit News is to be complimented upon arranging for articles on these subjects and we hope that it will continue to provide material along wholesome lines.
Rude youngsters to the editor : thank you for the article by George Sokolsky on the public apathy to impudence.
How old do you have to be to remember when Americans, especially children, were encouraged to be polite?
Why has this form of gentility gone out of American life?
How can we old-fashioned parents, who still feel that adults are due some respect from children, battle the new type of advertising that appears on *j without denying the children the use of television entirely?
Writers of ads must get their inspiration from the attitude of modern parents they have observed.
From necessity, they are also inspired by the hard-sell attitude of the sponsor, so, finally, it is the sponsor who must take the responsibility for the good or bad taste of his advertising.
Dunes park advocate to the editor : I commend Senator Hart for his brave fight to establish a national park in the dunes area.
Ghost town?
To the editor of the Inquirer : I just wish to congratulate Inspector Trimmer and his efficient police troops in cleaning the city of those horrible automobiles.
We have now a quiet city, fewer automobiles, less congestion, and fewer retail customers shopping in center city.
Good for Mr. Trimmer.
Maybe he will help to turn our fair city into a ghost town.
Defends big trucks to the editor of the Inquirer : I worked on the Schuylkill Expressway and if it had not been for the big trucks carrying rock and concrete there wouldn't be an Expressway.
Without these massive trucks highways would still be just an idea of the future.
Mr. George Hough ( Oct. 30 ) sounds like a business man who waits until the last minute to leave his home or shop.
The trucks today help pay for this highway.
They try to keep within the speed limits.
Although today's trucks are as fast as passenger cars, a truck driver has to be a sensible person and guard against hogging the road.
Out of school at 14 to the editor of the Inquirer : the letter writer who suggested saving money by taking kids out of school at 14 should have signed his letter simpleton instead of simplicitude.
Such kids only wind up among the unemployed on relief or in jail where they become a much bigger burden.
There are lots of jobs available for trained high school graduates, but not for the dropouts.
What we need is more vocational training in high schools, not more dropouts.
Two wrongs to the editor of the Inquirer : I suppose I am missing some elementary point but I honestly cannot see how two wrongs can make a right ] I am referring to this country conducting atmosphere tests of nuclear bombs just because Russia is.
Will our bombs be cleaner or will their fallout be less harmful to future generations of children?
If an atom bomb in 1945 could destroy an entire city surely the atomic arsenal we now have is more than adequate to fulfill any military objective required of it.
As I see it, if war starts and we survive the initial attack enough to be able to fight back, the nuclear weapons we now have -- at least the bombs -- can inflict all the demage that is necessary.
Why do we need bigger and better bombs?
I repeat, two wrongs do not make a right.
We tremble not to the editor of the Inquirer : everyone should take time to read Martin Luther's Hymn A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.
Especially the first half of the third verse : out of the race to the editor of the Inquirer : to our everlasting shame, we led the world in this nuclear arms race sixteen years ago when we dropped the first bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Having led the world in this mad race I pray that we may have the wisdom and courage to lead it out of the race.
Are we to be the master of the atom, or will the atom be our master -- and destroy us ] why trust Jagan?
To the editor of the Inquirer : just because Cheddi Jagan, new boss of British Guiana, was educated in the United States is no reason to think he isn't a Red.
We have quite a few home-grown specimens of our own.
If we go all gooey over this newest Castro ( until he proves he isn't ) we've got rocks in our heads.
How many times must we get burned before we learn?
Russia and U.*n. to the editor of the Inquirer : just to remind the Communists that the bombs dropped on Japan were to end a war not start one.
The war could have continued many years with many thousands killed on both sides.
Intelligent people will admit that bombs and rockets of destruction are frightening whether they fall on Japan, London or Pearl Harbor.
That is why the United Nations was formed so that intelligent men with good intentions from all countries could meet and solve problems without resorting to war.
Russia has showed its intentions by exploding bombs in peace time to try to frighten the world.
Why aren't the Soviets expelled from the U.*n.?
Belated tribute to the editor of the Inquirer : while better late than never may have certain merits, the posthumous award of the Nobel Prize for Peace to the late Dag Hammarskjold strikes me as less than a satisfactory expression of appreciation.
Had it been bestowed while the Secretary General of the United Nations was living, unquestionably he would have been greatly encouraged in pursuing a difficult and, in many ways, thankless task.
According to one report, however, Mr. Hammarskjold was considered too controversial a figure to warrant bestowal of the coveted honor last spring.
Actually, of course, that label controversial applied only because he was carrying out the mandate given him by the world organization he headed rather than following the dictates of the Soviet Union.
At Khrushchev's door, therefore, can be placed the primary blame but also at fault are those who permitted themselves to be intimidated.
It is well for us to remember that a wreath on a coffin never can atone for flowers withheld while they still can be enjoyed.
As has happened so often in the past, the ability to recognize true greatness has been inadequate and tardy.
People to people to the editor of the Inquirer : just a brief note of appreciation to Vice President Johnson and Pakistani camel driver Bashir Ahmad for providing a first-class example of people to people good will.
If only this could be done more often -- with such heartening results -- many of the earth's big problems would shrink to the insignificances they really are.
P.*s..
Thanks for your good coverage of Ahmad's visit, too ] expressway answer : East River Drive to the editor of the Inquirer : your continuing editorials concerning the Schuylkill Expressway are valuable ; however, several pertinent considerations deserve recognition.
One of the problems associated with the expressway stems from the basic idea.
We shuffle a large percentage of the cars across the river twice.
They start on the East side of the Schuylkill, have to cross over to the West to use the expressway and cross over again to the East at their destination.
Bridges, tunnels and ferries are the most common methods of river crossings.
Each one of these is, by its nature, a focal point or a point of natural congestion.
We should avoid these congestion points or, putting it another way, keep cars starting and ending on the East side of the river -- on the East side.
This can be accomplished by several logical steps : ( 1 ) widen the East River Drive at least one lane.
( 2 ) so widen it as to minimize the present curves and eliminate drainage problems.
( 3 ) paint continuous lane stripes and install overhead directional lights as on our bridges.
One additional lane would then be directional with the traffic burden and effectively increase the traffic carrying capability of the East River Drive by fifty percent.
( 4 ) this could be accomplished without the tremendous expenditures necessitated by the Schuylkill Expressway and without destroying the natural beauty of the East River Drive.
Shadow over Washington Square to the editor of the Inquirer : I wish to advocate two drastic changes in Washington Square : 1.
Take away George Washington's statue.
2.
Replace it with the statue of one or another of the world's famous dictators.
There's no sense in being reminded of times that were.
Washington Square seems not part of a free land.
It may remind one of Russia, China or East Berlin ; but it can't remind one of the freedom that Washington and the Continental soldiers fought for.
The Fairmount Park Commission will no doubt approve my two proposals, because it is responsible for the change of ideological atmosphere in the Square.
The matter may seem a small thing to some people, I know, but it's a very good start on the road to Totalitarianism the Commission has posted signs in Washington Square saying : the feeding of birds is prohibited in this square.
Fairmount Park Commission does each tentacle of the octopus of City Government reach out and lash at whatever it dislikes or considers an annoyance?
If birds don't belong in a square or park, what does?
They are the most beautiful part of that little piece of nature.
The trees are their homes ; but the Commission does not share such sentiments.
The whole official City apparently has an intense hatred toward birds.
Starlings and blackbirds are scared off by canon, from City Hall.
Just a preliminary measure.
If any are left, presently, we may expect to see signs specifically prohibiting the feeding of them too.
The City Government is not united in an all-out, to-the-death drive to stamp out gangs, delinquents, thugs, murderers, rapists, subversives.
Indeed no.
Let every policeman and park guard keep his eye on John and Jane Doe, lest one piece of bread be placed undetected and one bird survive.
Of course, in this small way of forcing the people to watch as tiny and innocent and dependent creatures die because we're afraid to feed them and afraid to protest and say, how come?
What's your motive?
Who wants this deed done?
-- in this small way do the leaders of a city, or of a nation, inure the masses to watching, or even inflicting, torture and death, upon even their fellow men.
One means to help the birds occurs to me : let the chimes that ring over Washington Square twice daily, discontinue any piece of music but one.
Let them offer on behalf of those creatures whose melody has been the joy of mankind since time began, the hymn Abide With Me.
We will know, and He will know, to whom it is rendered, what the birds would ask : not push-ups but stand-ups to the editor of the Inquirer : there is a trend today to bemoan the fact that Americans are too soft.
Unfortunately, those who would remedy our softness seek to do so with calisthenics.
They are working on the wrong part of our anatomy.
It is not our bodies but our hearts and heads that have grown too soft.
Ashamed of our wealth and power, afraid of so-called world opinion and addicted to peace, we have allowed our soft-heartedness to lead to soft-headed policies.
When we become firm enough to stand for those ideals which we know to be right, when we become hard enough to refuse to aid nations which do not permit self-determination, when we become strong enough to resist any more drifts towards socialism in our own Nation, when we recognize that our enemy is Communism not war, and when we realize that concessions to Communists do not insure peace or freedom, then, and only then will we no longer be soft.
America doesn't need to push-up, she needs to stand up ] disputes Stans column business scandal views to the editor : the new column by Maurice Stans regarding business scandals, is fair and accurate in most respects and his solution to the problem has some merit.
However, he states unequivocally the scandals in business are far less significant than the scandals in labor.
I must, in fairness, take issue with his premise, primarily because the so-called scandals in labor unions were very much connected with business scandals.
The area most prominently commented on during the Mc*clellan hearings had to do with sweetheart contracts.
These arrangements would have been impossible if the business community was truly interested in the welfare of its employes.
A sweetheart arrangement can come about as often by employers doing the corrupting as by unscrupulous labor leaders demanding tribute.
Anyone familiar with the details of the Mc*clellan hearings must at once realize that the sweetheart arrangements augmented employer profits far more than they augmented the earnings of the corruptible labor leaders.
Further, it should be recalled that some very definite steps were taken by Congress to combat corruption in the labor movement by its passage of the Landrum-*griffin Act.
Escalation unto death the nuclear war is already being fought, except that the bombs are not being dropped on enemy targets -- not yet.
It is being fought, moreover, in fairly close correspondence with the predictions of the soothsayers of the think factories.
They predicted escalation, and escalation is what we are getting.
The biggest nuclear device the United States has exploded measured some 15 megatons, although our *j are said to be carrying two 20-megaton bombs apiece.
Some time ago, however, Mr. Khrushchev decided that when bigger bombs were made, the Soviet Union would make them.
He seems to have at least a few 30- and 50-megaton bombs on hand, since we cannot assume that he has exploded his entire stock.
And now, of course, the hue and cry for counter-escalation is being raised on our side.
Khrushchev threatens us with a 100-megaton bomb?
So be it -- then we must embark on a crash program for 200-megaton bombs of the common or hydrogen variety, and neutron bombs, which do not exist but are said to be the coming thing.
So escalation proceeds, ad infinitum or, more accurately, until the contestants begin dropping them on each other instead of on their respective proving grounds.
What is needed, Philip Morrison writes in The Cornell Daily Sun ( October 26 ) is a discontinuity.
The escalation must end sometime, and probably quite soon.
Only a discontinuity can end it, Professor Morrison writes.
The discontinuity can either be that of war to destruction, or that of diplomatic policy.
Morrison points out that since our country is more urbanized than the Soviet Union or Red China, it is the most vulnerable of the great powers -- Europe of course must be written off out of hand.
He feels, therefore, that to seek a discontinuity in the arms policy of the United States is the least risky path our government can take.
His proposal is opposed to that of Richard Nixon, Governor Rockefeller, past chairmen Strauss and Mc*cone of the Atomic Energy Commission, Dr. Edward Teller and those others now enjoying their hour of triumph in the exacerbation of the cold war.
These gentlemen are calling for a resumption of testing -- in the atmosphere -- on the greatest possible scale, all in the name of national security.
Escalation is their first love and their last ; they will be faithful unto death.
Capable as their minds may be in some directions, these guardians of the nation's security are incapable of learning, or even of observing.
If this capacity had not failed them, they would see that their enemy has made a disastrous miscalculation.
He has gained only one thing -- he has exploded a 50-megaton bomb and he probably has rockets with sufficient thrust to lob it over the shorter intercontinental ranges.
But if his purpose was to inspire terror, his action could hardly have miscarried more obviously.
Not terror, but anger and resentment have been the general reaction outside the Soviet sphere.
Khrushchev himself is reported to be concerned by the surge of animosity he has aroused, yet our own nuclear statesmen seem intent on following compulsively in his footsteps.
When one powerful nation strives to emulate the success of another, it is only natural.
Thus, when the Russians sent up their first sputnik, American chagrin was human enough, and American determination to put American satellites into orbit was perfectly understandable.
But to imitate an opponent when he has made the mistake of his life would be a new high in statesmanlike folly.
The tide turns when East Germans fled to the West by the thousands, paeans of joy rose from the throats of Western publicists.
They are less vocal now, when it is the West Berliners who are migrating.
The flood is not as great -- only 700 a week according to one apparently conservative account -- but it is symptomatic.
West Berlin morale is low and, in age distribution, the situation is unfavorable.
Nearly 18 per cent of West Berlin's 2,200,000 residents are sixty-five or older, only 12.8 per cent are under fifteen.
R. H. S. Crossman, M.*p., writing in The Manchester Guardian, states that departures from West Berlin are now running at the rate not of 700, but of 1,700 a week, and applications to leave have risen to 1,900 a week.
The official statistics show that 60 per cent are employed workers or independent professional people.
Whole families are moving and removal firms are booked for months ahead.
The weekly loss is partly counterbalanced by 500 arrivals each week from West Germany, but the hard truth, says Crossman, is that The closing off of East Berlin without interference from the West and with the use only of East German, as distinct from Russian, troops was a major Communist victory, which dealt West Berlin a deadly, possibly a fatal, blow.
The gallant half-city is dying on its feet.
Another piece of evidence appears in a dispatch from Bonn in The Observer ( London ).
Mark Arnold-*foster writes : people are leaving ( West Berlin ) because they think it is dying.
They are leaving so fast that the president of the West German Employers' Federation issued an appeal this week to factory workers in the West to volunteer for six months' front-line work in factories in West Berlin.
Berlin's resilience is amazing, but if it has to hire its labor in the West the struggle will be hard indeed.
The handwriting is on the wall.
The only hope for West Berlin lies in a compromise which will bring down the wall and reunite the city.
State Department officials refusing to show their passes at the boundary, and driving two blocks into East Berlin under military escort, will not avail.
Tanks lined up at the border will be no more helpful.
The materials for compromise are at hand : the Nation, Walter Lippmann and other sober commentators ( see Alan Clark on p. 367 ) have spelled them out again and again.
A compromise will leave both sides without the glow of triumph, but it will save Berlin.
Or the city can be a graveyard monument to Western intransigence, if that is what the West wants.
Vacancy the removal of Stalin's body from the mausoleum he shared with Lenin to less distinguished quarters in the Kremlin wall is not unprecedented in history.
It is, in fact, a relatively mild chastisement of the dead.
A British writer, Richard Haestier, in a book, Dead Men Tell Tales, recalls that in the turmoil preceding the French Revolution the body of Henry 4, who had died nearly 180 years earlier, was torn to pieces by a mob.
And in England, after the Restoration, the body of Cromwell was disinterred and hanged at Tyburn.
The head was then fixed on a pole at Westminster, and the rest of the body was buried under the gallows.
Contemplating these posthumous punishments, Stalin should not lose all hope.
In 1899, Parliament erected a statue to Cromwell in Westminster, facing Whitehall and there, presumably, he still stands.
Nikita Khrushchev, however, has created yet another problem for himself.
The Lenin tomb is obviously adequate for double occupancy, Moscow is a crowded city, and the creed of Communism deplores waste.
Who will take Stalin's place beside Lenin?
There is Karl Marx, of course, buried in London.
The Macmillan government might be willing to let him go, but he has been dead seventy-eight years and even the Soviet morticians could not make him look presentable.
Who, then, is of sufficient stature to lodge with Lenin?
Who but Nikita himself?
Since he has just shown who is top dog, he may not be ready to receive this highest honor in the gift of the Soviet people.
Besides, he can hardly avoid musing on the instability of death which, what with exhumations and rehabilitations, seems to match that of life.
Suppose he did lie beside Lenin, would it be permanent?
If some future Khrushchev decided to rake up the misdeeds of his revered predecessor, would not the factory workers pass the same resolutions applauding his dispossession?
When a man is laid to rest, he is entitled to stay put.
If Nikita buys a small plot in some modest rural cemetery, everyone will understand.
U Thant of Burma the appointment of U Thant of Burma as the U.*n.'s Acting Secretary General -- at this writing, the choice appears to be certain -- offers further proof that in politics it is more important to have no influential enemies than to have influential friends.
Mongi Slim of Tunisia and Frederick Boland of Ireland were early favorites in the running, but France didn't like the former and the Soviet Union would have none of the latter.
With the neutralists maintaining pressure for one of their own to succeed Mr. Hammarskjold, U Thant emerged as the only possible candidate unlikely to be waylaid by a veto.
What is interesting is that his positive qualifications for the post were revealed only as a kind of tail to his candidacy.
In all the bitter in-fighting, the squabbles over election procedures, the complicated numbers game that East and West played on the assistant secretaries' theme, the gentleman from Burma showed himself both as a man of principle and a skilled diplomat.
He has, moreover, another qualification which augurs well for the future.
He is a Buddhist, which means that to him peace and the sanctity of human life are not only religious dogma, but a profound and unshakable Weltanschauung.
U Thant of course, will hold office until the spring of 1963, when Mr. Hammarskjold's term would have come to an end.
Whether the compromises -- on both sides -- that made possible the interim appointment can then be repeated remains to be seen.
Mr. Khrushchev's demand for a troika is dormant, not dead ; the West may or not remain satisfied with the kind of neutralism that U Thant represents.
In a sense, the showdown promised by Mr. Hammarskjold's sudden and tragic death has been avoided ; no precedents have been set as yet ; structurally, the U.*n. is still fluid, vulnerable to the pressures that its new and enlarged membership are bringing to bear upon it.
But at least the pessimists who believed that the world organization had plunged to its death in that plane crash in the Congo have been proved wrong.
To the hills, girls.
No one who has studied the radical Right can suppose that words are their sole staple in trade.
These are mentalities which crave action -- and they are beginning to get it, as Messrs. Salsich and Engh report on page 372.
Even in areas where political connotations are ( deliberately?
) left vague, the spirit of vigilantism is spreading.
Friends, a picture magazine distributed by Chevrolet dealers, describes a paramilitary organization of employees of the Gulf Telephone Company at Foley, Alabama.
If the day should ever come that foreign invaders swarm ashore along the Gulf Coast, the account reads, they can count on heavy opposition from a group of commando-trained telephone employees -- all girls.
Heavily armed and mobilized as a fast-moving Civil Defense outfit, 23 operators and office personnel stand ready to move into action at a minute's notice.
According to Friends, the unit was organized by John Snook, a former World War 2 commando who is vice president and general manager of the telephone company.
The girls, very fetching in their uniforms, are shown firing rockets from a launcher mounted on a dump truck ; they are also trained with carbines, automatic weapons, pistols, rifles and other such ladies' accessories.
This may be opera bouffe now, but it will become more serious should the cold war mount in frenzy.
The country is committed to the doctrine of security by military means.
The doctrine has never worked ; it is not working now.
The official military establishment can only threaten to use its nuclear arms ; it cannot bring them into actual play.
A more dangerous formula for national frustration cannot be imagined.
As the civic temper rises, the more naive citizens begin to play soldier -- but the guns are real.
Soon they will begin to hunt down the traitors they are assured are in our midst.
All false gods resemble Moloch, at least in the early phases of their careers, so it would be unreasonable to expect any form of idol-worship to become widespread without the accompaniment of human sacrifice.
But there is reason in all things, and in this country the heathenish cult of the motor-car is exceeding all bounds in its demands.
The annual butchery of 40,000 American men, women and children to satiate its blood-lust is excessive ; a quota of 25,000 a year would be more than sufficient.
No other popular idol is accorded even that much grace.
If the railroads, for example, regularly slaughtered 25,000 passengers each year, the high priests of the cult would have cause to tremble for their personal safety, for such a holocaust would excite demands for the hanging of every railroad president in the United States.
But by comparison with the railroad, the motor car is a relatively new object of popular worship, so it is too much to hope that it may be brought within the bounds of civilized usage quickly and easily.
Yet it is plainly time to make a start, and to be effective the first move should be highly dramatic, without being fanatical.
Here, then, is what Swift would have called a modest proposal by way of a beginning.
From next New Year's Day let us keep careful account of each successive fatality on the highways, publicizing it on all media of communication.
To avoid suspicion of bigotry, let the hand of vengeance be stayed until the meat-wagon has picked up the twenty-five thousandth corpse ; but let the twenty-five thousand and first butchery be the signal for the arrest of the 50 state highway commissioners.
Then let the whole lot be hanged in a public mass execution on July 4, 1963.
The scene, of course, should be nine miles northwest of Centralia, Illinois, the geographical center of population according to the census.
A special grandstand, protected by awnings from the midsummer sun of Illinois, should be erected for occupancy by honored guests, who should include the ambassadors of all those new African nations as yet not quite convinced that the United States is thoroughly civilized.
The band should play the Rogues' March as a processional, switching to Hail Columbia, Happy Land ] as the trap is sprung.
Independence Day is the appropriate date as a symbolical reminder of the American article of faith that governments are instituted among men to secure to them certain inalienable rights, the first of which is life, and when any government becomes subversive of that end, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it.
The highway system is an agency of government, and when it grinds up 40,000 Americans every year the government is destroying its own taxpayers, which is obviously a silly thing for any government to do.
Hanging the responsible officials would not abolish the government, but would emphasize its accountability for the lives of its individual citizens, which would certainly alter it, and definitely for the better.
Moreover, the salubrious effects would not be exclusively political, but at least partially, and perhaps primarily social.
It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices -- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.
True, the adherents of staying put are now reduced to a minor, even a miniscule sect, and their credo, home-keeping hearts are happiest, is as disreputable as Socinianism.
Nonetheless, although few in number they are a stubborn crew, as tenacious of life as the Hardshell Baptists, which suggests that there is some kind of vital principle embodied in their faith.
Perhaps there is more truth than we are wont to admit in the conviction of that ornament of Tarheelia, Robert Ruark's grandfather, who was persuaded that the great curse of the modern world is all this gallivantin'.
In any event, the yearly sacrifice of 40,000 victims is a hecatomb too large to be justified by the most ardent faith.
Somehow our contemporary Moloch must be induced to see reason.
Since appeals to morality, to humanity, and to sanity have had such small effect, perhaps our last recourse is the deterrent example.
If we make it established custom that whenever butchery on the highways grows excessive, say beyond 25,000 per annum, then somebody is going to hang, it follows that the more eminent the victim, the more impressive the lesson.
To hang 50 governors might be preferable except that they are not directly related to the highways ; so, all things considered, the highway commissioners would seem to be elected.
As the new clouds of radioactive fallout spread silently and invisibly around the earth, the Soviet Union stands guilty of a monstrous crime against the human race.
But the guilt is shared by the United States, Britain and France, the other members of the atomic club.
Until Moscow resumed nuclear testing last September 1, the *j and *j had released more than twice as much radiation into the atmosphere as the Russians, and the fallout from the earlier blasts is still coming down.
As it descends, the concentration of radioactivity builds up in the human body ; for a dose of radiation is not like a flu virus which causes temporary discomfort and then dies.
The effect of radiation is cumulative over the years -- and on to succeeding generations.
So, while we properly inveigh against the new poisoning, history is not likely to justify the pose of righteousness which some in the West were so quick to assume when Mr. Khrushchev made his cynical and irresponsible threat.
Shock, dismay and foreboding for future generations were legitimate reactions ; a holier-than-thou sermon was not.
On October 19, after the Soviets had detonated at least 20 nuclear devices, Ambassador Stevenson warned the *j General Assembly that this country, in self protection, might have to resume above-ground tests.
More recently, the chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, admitted to a news conference in Las Vegas, Nevada, that the *j might fall behind Russia ( he apparently meant in weapons development ) if the Soviets continue to test in the atmosphere while we abstain.
The trial balloons are afloat.
All of which makes it more imperative than ever that the biological and genetic effects of fallout be understood.
But for the average citizen, unfortunately, this is one of science's worst-marked channels, full of tricky currents and unknown depths.
The scientists, in and out of government, do not agree on some of the most vital points, at least publicly.
On the one hand, the Public Health Service declared as recently as October 26 that present radiation levels resulting from the Soviet shots do not warrant undue public concern or any action to limit the intake of radioactive substances by individuals or large population groups anywhere in the *j.
But the *j conceded that the new radioactive particles will add to the risk of genetic effects in succeeding generations, and possibly to the risk of health damage to some people in the United States.
Then it added : it is not possible to determine how extensive these ill effects will be -- nor how many people will be affected.
Having hedged its bets in this way, *j apparently decided it would be possible to make some sort of determination after all : at present radiation levels, and even at somewhat higher levels, the additional risk is slight and very few people will be affected.
Then, to conclude on an indeterminate note : nevertheless, if fallout increased substantially, or remained high for a long time, it would become far more important as a potential health hazard in this country and throughout the world.
Dr. Linus Pauling, a Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, has been less ambiguous, whether you choose to agree with him or not.
After declaring, in an article last month in Frontier Magazine, that the Russian testing carries with it the possibility of the most tragic consequences of any action in the history of the world, he gave this estimate of the biologic and genetic consequences if the new Soviet shots totaled 200 megatons : the damage to human germ plasm would be such that in the next few generations 160,000 children around the world would be born with gross physical or mental defects.
Long-lived carbon-14 from the fusion process would cause four million embryonic, neonatal or childhood deaths and stillbirths over the next 20 generations, and between 200,000 and one million human beings now living would have their lives cut short by radiation-produced diseases such as leukemia.
Most of these would be in the Northern Hemisphere, where the fallout is concentrating.
Pauling's estimate of 200 megatons yield from the present series of Russian tests will probably turn out to be too high, but a total of 100 megatons is a distinct possibility.
The lack of scientific unanimity on the effects of radiation is due in part to insufficient data covering large population groups, from which agreed-on generalizations could be drawn.
But more than one conscientious researcher has been inhibited from completely frank discussion of the available evidence by the less excusable fact that fallout has been made a political issue as well as a scientific problem.
Its dangerous effects have been downgraded to the public by some who believe national security requires further testing.
An illustration of this attitude is found in John A. Mc*cone's letter to Dr. Thomas Lauritsen, reported in a note elsewhere in this issue of the New Republic.
To this day the Atomic Energy Commission shies away from discussing the health aspects of fallout.
A recent study on radiation exposure by the *j division of biology and medicine stated : the question of the biological effect of ( radiation ) doses is not considered herein.
Of course, the *j is in a bind now.
If it comes down too hard on the potential dangers of fallout, it will box the President on resuming atmospheric tests.
So the Commission's announcements of the new Soviet shots have been confined to one or two bleak sentences, with the fission yield usually left vague.
Now, of course, that the Russians are the nuclear villains, radiation is a nastier word than it was in the mid, when the *j was testing in the atmosphere.
The prevailing official attitude then seemed to be that fallout, if not exactly good for you, might not be much worse than a bad cold.
After a nuclear blast, one bureaucrat suggested in those halcyon days, about all you had to do was haul out the broom and sweep off your sidewalks and roof.
Things aren't that simple anymore.
Yet if Washington gets too indignant about Soviet fallout, it will have to do a lot of fast footwork if America decides it too must start pushing up the radiation count.
How much fallout will we get?
As of October 25, the *j had reported 24 shots in the new Soviet series, 12 of them in a megaton range, including a super bomb with a yield of 30 to 50 megatons ( the equivalent of 30 million to 50 million tons of *j ) ; and President Kennedy indicated there were one or two more than those reported.
Assuming the lower figure for the big blast and one shot estimated by the Japanese at 10 megatons, a conservative computation is that the 24 announced tests produced a total yield of at least 60 megatons.
Some government scientists say privately that the figure probably is closer to 80 megatons, and that the full 50-megaton bomb that Khrushchev mentioned may still be detonated.
If the new Soviet series has followed the general pattern of previous Russian tests, the shots were roughly half fission and half fusion, meaning a fission yield of 30 to 40 megatons thus far.
To this must be added the 90 to 92 megatons of fission yield produced between the dawn of the atomic age in 1945 and the informal three-power test moratorium that began in November, 1958.
Resuming atmospheric tests one of the inescapable realities of the Cold War is that it has thrust upon the West a wholly new and historically unique set of moral dilemmas.
The first dilemma was the morality of nuclear warfare itself.
That dilemma is as much with us as ever.
The second great dilemma has been the morality of nuclear testing, a dilemma which has suddenly become acute because of the present series of Soviet tests.
When this second dilemma first became obvious -- during the mid to late '50's -- the United States appeared to have three choices.
It could have unilaterally abandoned further testing on the grounds of the radiation hazard to future generations.
It could have continued testing to the full on the grounds that the radiation danger was far less than the danger of Communist world domination.
Or it could have chosen to find -- by negotiation -- some way of stopping the tests without loss to national security.
This third choice was in fact made.
With the resumption of Soviet testing and their intransigence at the Geneva talks, however, the hope that this third choice would prove viable has been shaken.
Once again, the United States must choose.
And once again, the choices are much the same.
Only this time around the conditions are different and the choice is far harder.
The first choice, abandoning tests entirely, would not only be unpopular domestically, but would surely be exploited by the Russians.
The second choice, full testing, has become even more risky just because the current Soviet tests have already dangerously contaminated the atmosphere.
The third choice, negotiation, presupposes, as Russian behavior demonstrates, a great deal of wishful thinking to make it appear reasonable.
We take the position, however, that the third choice still remains the only sane one open to us.
It is by no stretch of the imagination a happy choice and the arguments against it as a practical strategy are formidable.
Its primary advantage is that it is a moral choice ; one which, should it fail, will not have contaminated the conscience.
That is the contamination we most fear.
Leaving aside the choice of unilateral cessation of tests as neither sane nor clearly moral, the question must arise as to why resumption of atmospheric tests on our part would not be a good choice.
For that is the one an increasingly large number of prominent Americans are now proposing.
In particular, Governor Nelson Rockefeller has expressed as cogently and clearly as anyone the case for a resumption of atmospheric tests.
Speaking recently in Miami, Governor Rockefeller said that to assure the sufficiency of our own weapons in the face of the recent Soviet tests, we are now clearly compelled to conduct our own nuclear tests.
Taking account of the fact that such a move on our part would be unpopular in world opinion, he argued that the responsibility of the United States is to do, confidently and firmly, not what is popular, but what is right.
What was missing in the Governor's argument, as in so many similar arguments, was a premise which would enable one to make the ethical leap from what might be militarily desirable to what is right.
The possibility, as he asserted, that the Russians may get ahead of us or come closer to us because of their tests does not supply the needed ethical premise -- unless, of course, we have unwittingly become so brutalized that nuclear superiority is now taken as a moral demand.
Besides the lack of an adequate ethical dimension to the Governor's case, one can ask seriously whether our lead over the Russians in quality and quantity of nuclear weapons is so slight as to make the tests absolutely necessary.
Recent statements by the President and Defense Department spokesmen have, to the contrary, assured us that our lead is very great.
Unless the Administration and the Defense Department have been deceiving us, the facts do not support the assertion that we are compelled to resume atmospheric testing.
It is perfectly conceivable that a resumption of atmospheric tests may, at some point in the future, be necessary and even justifiable.
But a resumption does not seem justifiable now.
What we need to realize is that the increasingly great contamination of the atmosphere by the Soviet tests had radically increased our own moral obligations.
We now have to think not only of our national security but also of the future generations who will suffer from any tests we might undertake.
This is an ethical demand which cannot be evaded or glossed over by talking exclusively of weapon superiority or even of the evil of Communism.
Too often in the past Russian tactics have been used to justify like tactics on our part.
There ought to be a point beyond which we will not allow ourselves to go regardless of what Russia does.
The refusal to resume atmospheric testing would be a good start.
Ecumenical hopes when his Holiness Pope John 23 first called for an Ecumenical Council, and at the same time voiced his yearning for Christian unity, the enthusiasm among Catholic and Protestant ecumenicists was immediate.
With good reason it appeared that a new day was upon divided Christendom.
But as the more concrete plans for the work of the Council gradually became known, there was a rather sharp and abrupt disappointment on all sides.
The Council we now know will concern itself directly only with the internal affairs of the Church.
As it has turned out, however, the excessive enthusiasm in the first instance and the loss of hope in the second were both wrong responses.
Two things have happened in recent months to bring the Council into perspective : each provides a basis for renewed hope and joy.
First of all, it is now known that Pope John sees the renewal and purification of the Church as an absolutely necessary step toward Christian unity.
Far from being irrelevant to the ecumenical task, the Pontiff believes that a revivified Church is required in order that the whole world may see Catholicism in the best possible light.
Equally significant, Pope John has said that Catholics themselves bear some responsibility for Christian disunity.
A major aim of the Council will be to remove as far as possible whatever in the Church today stands in the way of unity.
Secondly, a whole series of addresses and actions by the Pope and by others show that concern for Christian unity is still very much alive and growing within the Church.
The establishment, by the Holy Father, of a permanent Secretariat for Christian Unity in 1960 was the most dramatic mark of this concern.
The designation of five Catholic theologians to attend the World Council of Churches assembly in New Delhi as official observers reverses the Church's earlier stand.
The public appeal by the new Vatican Secretary of State, Cardinal Cicognani, for renewed efforts toward Eastern and Western reunion was still another remarkable act.
Nor can one forget Pope John's unprecedented meeting with the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Augustin Cardinal Bea, the director of the Secretariate for Christian Unity, has expressed as directly as anyone the new spirit that pervades the Church's stance toward the Protestant and Orthodox Churches.
Noting all the difficulties that stand in the way of reunion, he has said that they ought not to discourage anyone.
For discouragement, or the temptation to abandon our efforts, would show that one placed excessive trust in purely human means without thinking of the omnipotence of God, the irresistible efficacy of prayer, the action of Christ or the power of the Divine Spirit.
Can any Christian fail to respond to these words?
The budget deficit the administration's official budget review, which estimates a 6.9 billion dollar deficit for the current fiscal year, isn't making anyone happy.
Certainly it isn't making the President happy, and he has been doing his apologetic best to explain how the budget got into its unbalanced condition, how he intends to economize wherever he can and how he hopes to do better next year.
We sympathize with Mr. Kennedy, but we feel bound to say that his budget review doesn't please us either, although for very different reasons.
Furthermore, we find his defense of the unbalanced budget more dismaying than reassuring.
In the first place, a large part of the discrepancy between President Eisenhower's estimate of a 1.5 billion dollar surplus for the same period and the new estimate of an almost seven billion dollar deficit is the result of the outgoing President's farewell gift of a political booby-trap to his successor.
The Eisenhower budget was simultaneously inadequate in its provisions and yet extravagant in its projections of revenue to be received.
The rest of the deficit is also easily understood.
Four billion dollars of the spending increase is for defense, an expenditure necessitated by the penny-wise policies of the Eisenhhower Administration, quite apart from the recent crises in Berlin and elsewhere.
Four hundred million dollars of the increase is for the expanded space program, a responsibility similarly neglected by Mr. Eisenhower.
The farm program will cost an additional 1.5 billion, because of unusual weather factors, the Food for Peace program and other new measures.
Anti-recession programs -- aid for the unemployed, their children and for depressed areas -- account for only 900 million of the 6.9 billion dollar deficit.
Our complaint is that in many crucial areas the Kennedy programs are not too large but too small, most seriously in regard to the conventional arms build-up and in aid and welfare measures.
And yet Mr. Kennedy persists in trying to mollify the intransigents of the right with apologies and promises of tightening up and economizing.
We wish the President would remember that fiscal responsibility was the battle-cry of the party that lost the election.
The party that won used to say something about a New Frontier.
Ethics and peace introduction of the dialogue principle proved strikingly effective at the thirty-fourth annual meeting of the Catholic Association for International Peace in Washington the last weekend in October.
Two of the principal addresses were delivered by prominent Protestants, and when the speaker was a Catholic, one discussant on the dais tended to be of another religious persuasion.
Several effects were immediately evident.
Sessions devoted to Ethics and Foreign Policy Trends, Moral Principle and Political Judgment, Christian Ethics in the Cold War and related subjects proved to be much livelier under this procedure than if Catholics were merely talking to themselves.
Usually questions from the floor were directed to the non-*catholic speaker or discussion leader.
In the earlier sessions there was plentiful discussion on the natural law, which Dr. William V. O'*brien of Georgetown University, advanced as the basis for widely acceptable ethical judgments on foreign policy.
That Aristotelean-*thomistic principle experienced a thorough going-over from a number of the participants, but in the end the concept came to reassert itself.
Speakers declared that Protestants often make use of it, if, perhaps, by some other name.
A Lebanese Moslem told about its existence and application in the Islamic tradition as the divine law, while a C.*a.*i.*p. member who has been working in close association with delegates of the new U.*n. nations told of its widespread recognition on the African continent.
The impression was unmistakable that, whatever one may choose to call it, natural law is a functioning generality with a certain objective existence.
Another question that arose was the nature of the dialogue itself.
The stimulus from the confrontation of philosophical systems involving certain differences was undeniable.
It was expected that the comparison of different approaches to ethics would produce a better grasp of each other's positions and better comprehension of one's own.
But a realization that each group has much of substance to learn from the other also developed, and a strong conviction grew that each had insights and dimensions to contribute to ethically acceptable solutions of urgent political issues.
One effect of the spirited give-and-take of these discussions was to focus attention on practical applications and the necessity of being armed with the facts : knowledge of the destructive force of even the tiniest tactical atomic weapon would have a bearing on judgments as to the advisability of its use -- to defend Berlin, for example ; the pervasive influence of ideology on our political judgments needs to be recognized and taken into due account ; it is necessary to perceive the extent of foreign aid demanded by the Christian imperative.
Everywhere I went in Formosa I asked the same question.
I was searching for an accent of self-delusion or, even, of hypocrisy.
I never found it among any of the Chinese with whom I spoke, though granted they were, almost all, members of the official family who, presumably, harbor official thoughts.
But I questioned, also, professional soldiers, who would not easily be hypnotized by a septuagenarian's dreamy irredentism.
Their answer was : it can be done, and we will do it.
And then I put the question as pointedly as I could directly to Chiang Kai-shek : in America, I said, practically no one believes that you subjectively intend to re-enter the Mainland.
What evidence is there of an objective kind that in fact your government proposes to do just that, and that it can be done?
He smiled.
( he always smiles -- at least at visitors, I gather.
He smiled also at a British bloke seated next to me, who asked the most asinine questions.
I recalled sympathetically the Duke's complaint in Browning's My Last Duchess.
) he smiled, and said a word or two to the interpreter, who turned to me, the President wonders where you are going after you leave Taipei?
That, I smarted, is a royal rebuff if ever there was one.
I answered the routine question about my itinerary, rather coolly.
Chiang spoke again, this time at greater length.
The President says, the translator came in, that the reason he asked you where you were going is because he hoped you would be visiting other areas in Southeast Asia, and that everywhere you went, you would seek the answer to your question.
He says that if he were to express to you, once again, his own profound determination to go to the Mainland, and his faith that that return is feasible, he would merely sound redundant.
So you yourself must seek these objective data, and come to your own conclusions.
Any information we have here in Taiwan is at your disposal.
Fair enough.
What are the relevant data?
For every person on Taiwan, there are sixty in Mainland China.
If the raw population figures are crucially relevant, then it is idle to think of liberation, as idle as to suppose that Poland might liberate Russia.
Relative military manpower?
Less than 60-1, but at least 6-1.
The estimates vary widely on the strength of the Chinese army.
Say four million.
The armed forces of Taiwan are at a working strength of about 450,000, though a reserve potential twice that high is contemplated.
Skill?
Training?
Morale?
It is generally conceded that the Formosan air force is the best by far in Asia, and the army the best trained.
The morale is very high.
Even so, it adds up to impossible odds, except that the question arises, on whose side would the Mainland Chinese army fight?
The miserable people of China, the largest cast ever conscripted to enact an ideological passion play, cannot themselves resist overtly.
They think, perforce, of physical survival : everything else is secondary.
But the army which Mao continues to feed well, where are its sympathies?
The psychological strategists in Taiwan stress the great sense of family, cultivated in China over thousands of years.
It has not been extirpated by ten years of Communist depersonalization.
Every soldier in the army has, somewhere, relatives who are close to starvation.
The soldiers themselves cannot stage a successful rebellion, it is assumed : but will their discontent spread to the officer class?
The immediate families of the generals and the admirals are well fed : a despot does not economize on his generals.
But there are the cousins and aunts and nephews.
Their privations are almost beyond endurance.
In behalf of what?
Leninism-*marxism, as understood by Exegete Mao.
To whom will the generals stay loyal?
There is little doubt if they had a secret ballot, they would vote for food for their family, in place of ideological purity out on the farm.
It is another question whether they -- or a single general, off in a corner of China, secure for a few ( galvanizing?
) days at least from instant retaliation -- will defy the Party.
But the disposition to rebel is most definitely there.
But there must be a catalytic pressure.
The military in Taiwan believe that the Communists have made two mistakes, which, together, may prove fatal.
The first was the commune program, which will ensure agricultural poverty for years.
The family is largely broken up ; and where it is not, it is left with no residue, and the social meaning of this is enormous.
For it is the family that, in China, has always provided social security for the indigent, the sick, the down-and-out members of the clan.
Now the government must do that ; but the government is left with no reserve granary, under the agricultural system it has ordained.
Thus the government simultaneously undertook the vast burden of social security which had traditionally been privately discharged, and created a national scarcity which has engendered calamitous problems of social security.
The second mistake is Tibet.
Tibet has historically served China as a buffer state.
A friendly state, sometimes only semi-independent, but never hostile.
China never tried to integrate Tibet by extirpating the people's religion and institutions.
Red China is trying to do this, and she is not likely ever to succeed.
Tibet is too vast, the terrain is too difficult.
Tibet may bleed China as Algeria is bleeding France.
These continuing pressures, social, economic and military, are doing much to keep China in a heightening state of tension.
The imposition of yet another pressure, a strong one, from the outside, might cause it to snap.
The planners in Taiwan struck me as realistic men.
They know that they must depend heavily on factors outside their own control.
First and foremost, they depend on the inhuman idiocies of the Communist regime.
On these they feel they can rely.
Secondly, they depend on America's moral cooperation when the crucial moment arrives.
They hope that if history vouchsafes the West another Budapest, we will receive the opportunity gladly.
I remarked jocularly to the President that the future of China would be far more certain if he would invite a planeload of selected American Liberals to Quemoy on an odd day.
He affected ( most properly ) not to understand my point.
But he -- and all of China -- wears the scars of American indecisiveness, and he knows what an uncertain ally we are.
We have been grand to Formosa itself -- lots of aid, and, most of the time, a policy of support for the offshore islands.
But our outlook has been, and continues to be, defensive.
A great deal depends on the crystallization of Mr. Kennedy's views on the world struggle.
The Free Chinese know that the situation on the Mainland is in flux, and are poised to strike.
There is not anywhere on the frontiers of freedom a more highly mobilized force for liberation.
The moment of truth is the moment of crisis.
During the slow buildup, the essence of a policy or a man is concealed under embroidered details, fine words, strutting gestures.
The crisis burns these suddenly away.
There the truth is, open to eyes that are willing to look.
The moment passes.
New self-deceiving rags are hurriedly tossed on the too-naked bones.
A truth-revealing crisis erupted in Katanga for a couple of days this month, to be quickly smothered by the high pressure verbal fog that is kept on tap for such emergencies.
Before memory, too, clouds over, let us make a note or two of what could be seen.
The measure was instantly taken, as always in such cases, of public men at many levels.
One knows better, now, who has bone and who has jelly in his spine.
But I am here concerned more with policy than with men.
Public men come and go but great issues of policy remain.
Now, everyone knows -- or knew in the week of December 10 -- that something had gone shockingly wrong with American foreign policy.
The United States was engaged in a military attack on a peaceful, orderly people governed by a regime that had proved itself the most pro-*western and anti-*communist within any of the new nations -- the only place in Africa, moreover, where a productive relationship between whites and blacks had apparently been achieved.
Of course the fighting was officially under the auspices of the United Nations.
But in the moment of truth everyone could see that the U.*s. was in reality the principal.
The moment simultaneously revealed that in the crisis our policy ran counter to that of all our *j allies, to the entire Western community.
By our policy the West was -- is -- split.
But the key revelation is not new.
The controlling pattern was first displayed in the Hungary-*suez crisis of November 1956.
It reappears, in whole or part, whenever a new crisis exposes the reality : in Cuba last spring ( with which the Dominican events of last month should be paired ) ; at the peaks of the nuclear test and the Berlin cycles ; in relation to Laos, Algeria, South Africa ; right now, with almost cartoon emphasis, in the temporally linked complex of Tshombe-*gizenga-*goa-*ghana.
What the moments reveal this prime element of the truth may be stated as follows : under prevailing policy, the U.*s. can take the initiative against the Right, but cannot take the initiative against the Left.
It makes no difference what part of the world is involved, what form of regime, what particular issue.
The U.*s. cannot take the initiative against the Left.
There is even some question whether the U.*s. can any longer defend itself against an initiative by the Left.
We can attack Tshombe, but not Gigenza.
No matter that Gizenga is Moscow's man in the Congo.
No matter that it is his troops who rape Western women and eat Western men.
No matter that the Katanga operation is strategically insane in terms of Western interests in Africa.
( even granted that the Congo should be unified, you don't protect Western security by first removing the pro-*western weight from the power equilibrium.
) we can force Britain and France out of the Suez, but we cannot so much as try to force the Russian tanks back from Budapest.
We can mass our fleet against the Trujillos, but not against the Castros.
We can vote in the *j against South African apartheid or Portuguese rule in Angola, but we cannot even introduce a motion on the Berlin Wall -- much less, give the simple order to push the Wall down.
We officially receive the anti-*french, Moscow-allied Algerian *j, but we denounce the pro-*europe, anti-*communist *j as criminal.
In the very week of our war against Katanga, we make a $133 million grant to Kwame Nkrumah, who has just declared his solidarity with the Communist bloc, and is busily turning his own country into a totalitarian dictatorship.
As our planes land the war materiel that kills pro-*western Katangans, we stand supinely bleating while Nehru's troops smash into a five-hundred-year-old district of our *j ally, Portugal.
What explains this uni-directional paralysis?
It is the consequence of the system of ideas that constitutes the frame of our international -- and in some degree our domestic -- policy.
The Suez-*hungary crisis proves that this system was not invented by the new Administration, but only made more consistent and more active.
Key to the puzzles most immediately relevant to these episodes in Goa, Katanga and Ghana, as to the Suez-*hungary crisis before them, is the belief that the main theater of the world drama is the underdeveloped region of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
From this belief is derived the practical orientation of our policy on the uncommitted ( neutralist, contested ) nations, especially on those whose leaders make the most noise -- Nehru, Tito, Nkrumah, Sukarno, Betancourt, etc..
Our chief aim becomes that of finding favor in neutralist eyes.
If we grasp this orientation as a key, our national conduct in all of the events here mentioned becomes intelligible.
And it becomes clear why in general we cannot take the initiative against the Left.
Broadway the unoriginals to write a play, the dramatist once needed an idea plus the imagination, the knowledge of life and the craft to develop it.
Nowadays, more and more, all he needs is someone else's book.
To get started, he does not scan the world about him ; he and his prospective producer just read the bestseller lists.
So far this season, Broadway's premieres have included twice as many adaptations and imports as original American stage plays.
Best from abroad.
Of straight dramas, there are All The Way Home, which owes much of its poetic power to the James Agee novel, A Death In The Family ; The Wall, awkwardly based on the John Hersey novel ; Advise And Consent, lively but shallow theater drawn from the mountainously detailed bestseller ; Face Of A Hero ( closed ), based on a Pierre Boulle novel.
The only original works attempting to reach any stature : Tennessee Williams' disappointing domestic comedy, Period Of Adjustment, and Arthur Laurents' clever but empty Invitation To A March.
Clearly the most provocative plays are all imported originals -- A Taste Of Honey, by Britain's young ( 19 when she wrote it ) Shelagh Delaney ; Becket, by France's Jean Anouilh ; The Hostage ( closed ), by Ireland's Brendan Behan.
Among the musicals, Camelot came from T. H. White's The Once And Future King, and novels were the sources of the less than momentous Tenderloin and Do Re Mi.
Wildcat and The Unsinkable Molly Brown were originals, but pretty bad, leaving top honors again to an import -- the jaunty and charmingly French Irma La Douce.
The only other works at least technically original were dreary farces -- Send Me No Flowers ( closed ), Under The Yum-*yum Tree, Critic's Choice.
In the forthcoming The Conquering Hero and Carnival, Broadway is not even adapting books, but reconverting old movies ( Hail The Conquering Hero and Lili ).
Dry of life.
Originals are not necessarily good and adaptations are not necessarily bad.
Some memorable plays have been drawn from books, notably Life With Father and Diary Of Anne Frank.
And particularly in the musical field, adaptations have long been the rule, from Die Fledermaus and The Merry Widow to Oklahoma and My Fair Lady.
As critic Walter Kerr points out : adaptations, so long as they are good, still qualify as creative.
And other defenders invariably argue that, after all, Shakespeare and Moliere were adapters too.
The difference is that the masters took the bare frame of a plot and filled it with their own world ; most modern adapters totally accept the world of a book, squeeze it dry of life, and add only one contribution of their own : stage technique.
The most frequent excuse for the prevalence of unoriginals and tested imports is increasing production expense -- producers cannot afford to take chances.
But that explanation is only partly true.
Off-*broadway, where production is still comparatively cheap, is proving itself only slightly more original.
Laudably enough, it is offering classics and off-beat imports, but last week only one U.*s. original was on the boards, Robert D. Hock's stunning Civil War work, Borak.
The real trouble seems to be the failing imagination of U.*s. playwrights.
Nightclubs the Cooch Terpers he : come with me to the Casbah.
She : by subway or cab?
That exchange was not only possible but commonplace last week in Manhattan, as more and more New Yorkers were discovering 29th Street and Eighth Avenue, where half a dozen small nightclubs with names like Arabian Nights, Grecian Palace and Egyptian Gardens are the American inpost of belly dancing.
Several more will open soon.
Their burgeoning popularity may be a result of the closing of the 52nd Street burlesque joints, but curiously enough their atmosphere is almost always familial -- neighborhood saloons with a bit of epidermis.
The belly boites, with their papier-mache palm trees or hand-painted Ionic columns, heretofore existed mainly on the patronage of Greek and Turkish families.
Customers often bring their children ; between performances, enthusiastic young men from the audience will take the floor to demonstrate their own amateur graces.
Except for the odd uptown sex maniac or an overeager Greek sailor, the people watch in calm absorption.
Small, shirt-sleeved orchestras play in 2/4 or 4/4 time, using guitars, violins, and more alien instruments with names that would open Sesame : the oud, grandfather of the lute ; the darbuka, a small drum with the treelike shape of a roemer glass ; the def, a low-pitched tambourine.
The girls sit quietly with the musicians, wearing prim dresses or plain, secretarial shifts, until it is time to go off to a back room and reappear in the spare uniform of the harem.
Continuum of mankind.
If a dancer is good, she suggests purely and superbly the fundamental mechanics of ancestry and progeny -- the continuum of mankind.
But a great many of what Variety calls the Cooch Terpers are considerably less cosmic than that.
Each dancer follows the ancient Oriental pattern -- she glides sideways with shoulders motionless while her stomach migrates, and, through breathing and muscle control, she sends ripples across her body to the fingertips and away to the far end of the room.
This is done at varying speeds, ranging from the slow and fast Shifte Telli ( a musical term meaning double strings ) to the fastest, ecstatic Karshilama ( meaning greetings or welcome ).
The New York dancers are highly eclectic, varying the pattern with all kinds of personal improvisations, back bends or floor crawls.
But they do not strip.
The striptease is crass ; the belly dance leaves more to the imagination.
When a dancer does well, she provokes a quiet bombardment of dollar bills -- although the Manhattan clubs prohibit the more cosmopolitan practice of slipping the tips into the dancers' costumes.
With tips, the girls average between $150 and $200 a week, depending on basic salary.
Although they are forbidden to sit with the customers, the dancers are sometimes proffered drinks, and most of them can bolt one down in mid-shimmy.
The melting pot.
All over the country, belly clubs have never been bigger, especially in Detroit, Boston and Chicago, and even in small towns ; one of the best dancers, a Turkish girl named Semra, works at a roadhouse outside Bristol, Conn..
The girls are kept booked and moving by several agents, notably voluble, black-bearded Murat Somay, a Manhattan Turk who is the Sol Hurok of the central abdomen.
He can offer nine Turkish girls, plans to import at least 15 more.
But a great many of the dancers are more or less native.
Sometimes they get their initial experience in church haflis, conducted by Lebanese and Syrians in the U.*s., where they dance with just as few veils across their bodies as in nightclubs.
As the girls come to belly dancing from this and other origins, the melting pot has never bubbled more intriguingly.
Some Manhattan examples : Jemela ( surname : Gerby ), 23, seems Hong Kong Oriental but has a Spanish father and an Indian mother, was born in America and educated at Holy Cross Academy and Textile High School, says she learned belly dancing at family picnics.
Serene ( Mrs. Wilson ), 23, was born in Budapest and raised in Manhattan.
Daughter of a gypsy mother who taught her to dance, she is one of the few really beautiful girls in the New York Casbah, with dark eyes and dark, waist-length hair, the face of an adolescent patrician and a lithe, glimmering body.
Many belly dancers are married, but Serene is one of the few who will admit it.
Marlene ( surname : Adamo ), 25, a Brazilian divorcee who learned the dance from Arabic friends in Paris, now lives on Manhattan's West Side, is about the best belly dancer working the Casbah, loves it so much that she dances on her day off.
She has the small, highly developed body of a prime athlete, and holds in contempt the girls who just move sex.
Leila ( Malia Phillips ), 25, is a Greenwich Village painter of Persianesque miniatures who has red hair that cascades almost to her ankles.
A graduate of Hollywood High School, she likes to imagine herself, as she takes the floor, a village girl coming in to a festival.
Gloria ( surname : Ziraldo ), circa 30, who was born in Italy and once did chorus work in Toronto, has been around longer than most of the others, wistfully remembers the old days when we used to get the seamen from the ships, you know, with big turtleneck sweaters and handkerchiefs and all.
But the ships are very slow now, and we don't get so many sailors any more.
The uptown crowd has moved in, and what girl worth her seventh veil would trade a turtleneck sweater for a button-down collar?
A short, tormented span of the handful of painters that Austria has produced in the 20th century, only one, Oskar Kokoschka, is widely known in the U.*s..
This state of unawareness may not last much longer.
For ten years a small group of European and U.*s. critics has been calling attention to the half-forgotten Austrian expressionist Egon Schiele, who died 42 years ago at the age of 28.
The critics' campaign finally inspired the first major U.*s. exhibit of Schiele's works.
The show has been to Boston and Manhattan, will in time reach Pittsburgh and Minneapolis.
Last week it opened at the J. B. Speed Museum in Louisville, at the very moment that a second Schiele exhibit was being made ready at the Felix Landau gallery in Los Angeles.
Schiele's paintings are anything but pleasant.
His people ( see color ) are angular and knobby-knuckled, sometimes painfully stretched, sometimes grotesquely foreshortened.
His colors are dark and murky, and his landscapes and cityscapes seem swallowed in gloom.
But he painted some of the boldest and most original pictures of his time, and even after nearly half a century, the tense, tormented world he put on canvas has lost none of its fascination.
The devil himself.
The son of a railway stationmaster, Schiele lived most of his childhood in the drowsy Danubian town of Tulln, 14 miles northwest of Vienna.
He was an emotional, lonely boy who spent so much time turning out drawings that he did scarcely any schoolwork.
When he was 15, his parents finally allowed him to attend classes at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna.
Even there he did not last for long.
Cried one professor after a few months of Student Schiele's tantrums and rebellion : the devil himself must have defecated you into my classroom ] for a while his work was influenced deeply by the French impressionists, and by the patterned, mosaic-like paintings of Gustav Klimt, then the dean of Austrian art.
Gradually Schiele evolved a somber style of his own -- and he had few inhibitions about his subject matter.
His pictures were roundly denounced as the most disgusting things one has ever seen in Vienna.
He himself was once convicted of painting erotica and jailed for 24 days -- the first three of which he spent desperately trying to make paintings on the wall with his own spittle.
For years he wore hand-me-down suits and homemade paper collars, was even driven to scrounging for cigarette butts in Vienna's gutters.
Drafted into the Austrian army, he rebelliously rejected discipline, wangled a Vienna billet, went on painting.
It was not until the last year of his life that he had his first moneymaking show.
Melancholy obsession.
The unabashed sexuality of so many of his paintings was not the only thing that kept the public at bay : his view of the world was one of almost unrelieved tragedy, and it was too much even for morbid-minded Vienna.
He was obsessed by disease and poverty, by the melancholy of old age and the tyranny of lust.
The children he painted were almost always in rags, his portraits were often ruthless to the point of ugliness, and his nudes -- including several self-portraits -- were stringy, contorted and strangely pathetic.
The subject he liked most was the female body, which he painted in every state -- naked, half-dressed, muffled to the ears, sitting primly in a chair, lying tauntingly on a bed or locked in an embrace.
The most surprising thing about the Twenty-second Congress of the Soviet Communist Party is that it is surprising -- perhaps quite as much, in its own way, as the Twentieth Congress of 1956, which ended with that famous secret report on Stalin.
The publication last July of the party's Draft Program -- that blueprint for the transition to communism -- had led the uninitiated to suppose that this Twenty-second Congress would be a sort of apotheosis of the Khrushchev regime, a solemn consecration of ideas which had, in fact, been current over the last three or four years ( i.e., since the defeat of the anti-party group ) in all theoretical party journals.
These never ceased to suggest that if, in the eyes of Marx and Lenin full communism was still a very distant ideal, the establishment of a Communist society had now, under Khrushchev, become an immediate and tangible reality.
It seems that Khrushchev himself took a very special pride in having made a world-shaking contribution to Marxist doctrine with his Draft Program ( a large part of his twelve-hour speech at the recent Congress was, in fact, very largely a rehash of that interminable document ).
He and other Soviet leaders responsible for the document were proud of having brought forward some new formulas, such as the early replacement of the dictatorship of the proletariat by an All People's State, and also of having laid down the lines for a much greater democratization of the whole hierarchy of Soviets, starting with the Supreme Soviet itself.
Their plan for rotation of leaders promised a salutary blow at bureaucracy and would enable the people to take a more direct and active part in running the country.
Also, elections would be more democratic ; there might even be two or more candidates for voters to choose from.
No doubt, there was still a lot in the Draft Program -- and in Khrushchev's speech -- which left many points obscure.
Was it the party's intention, for example, to abolish gradually the kolkhoz system and replace it by uniformly wage-earning kolkhozes, i.e., state farms ( which were, moreover, to be progressively urbanized )?
As we know, the Soviet peasant today still very largely thrives on being able to sell the produce grown on his private plot ; and it is still very far from certain how valid the party's claim is that in a growing number of kolkhozes the peasants are finding it more profitable, to surrender their private plots to the kolkhoz and to let the latter be turned into something increasingly like a state farm.
If one follows the reports of the Congress, one finds that there still seems considerable uncertainty in the minds of the leaders themselves about what exactly to do in this matter.
The Draft Program was interesting in other respects, too.
It contained, for example, a number of curious admissions about the peasants, who enjoy no sickness benefits, no old-age pensions, no paid holidays ; they still benefit far less than the other 50 per cent of the nation from that welfare state which the Soviet Union so greatly prides itself on being.
Over all these fairly awkward problems Khrushchev was to skate rather lightly ; and, though he repeated, over and over again, the spectacular figures of industrial and agricultural production in 1980, the ordinary people in Russia are still a little uncertain as to how communism is really going to work in practice, especially in respect of food.
Would agriculture progress as rapidly as industry?
This was something on which K. himself seemed to have some doubts ; for he kept on threatening that he would pull the ears of those responsible for agricultural production.
And, as we know, the Virgin Lands are not producing as much as Khrushchev had hoped.
One cannot but wonder whether these doubts about the success of Khrushchev's agricultural policy have not at least something to do with one of the big surprises provided by this Congress -- the obsessive harping on the crimes and misdeeds of the anti-party group -- Molotov, Malenkov, Kaganovich and others -- including the eighty-year-old Marshal Voroshilov.
Molotov, in particular, is being charged with all kinds of sins -- especially with wanting to cut down free public services, to increase rents and fares ; in fact, with having been against all the more popular features of the Khrushchev welfare state.
The trouble with all these doctrinal quarrels is that we hear only one side of the story : what, in the secret councils of the Kremlin, Molotov had really proposed, we just don't know, and he has had no chance to reply.
But one cannot escape the suspicion that all this non-stop harping on the misdeeds of the long liquidated anti-party group would be totally unnecessary if there were not, inside the party, some secret but genuine opposition to Khrushchev on vital doctrinal grounds, on the actual methods to be employed in the transition to communism and, last but not least, on foreign policy.
The whole problem of peaceful coexistence and peaceful competition with the capitalist world is in the very center of this Congress.
Mikoyan declared : Molotov altogether rejects the line of peaceful coexistence, reducing this concept merely to the state of peace or rather, the absence of war at a given moment, and to a denial of the possibility of averting a world war.
His views, in fact, coincide with those of foreign enemies of peaceful coexistence, who look upon it merely as a variant of the cold war or of an armed peace.
One cannot help wondering whether Molotov and the rest of the anti-party group are not being used as China's whipping-boys by Khrushchev and his faithful followers.
For something, clearly, has gone very, very seriously wrong in Soviet-*chinese relations, which were never easy, and have now deteriorated.
The effect of Chou En-lai's clash with Khrushchev, together with the everlasting attacks on Molotov & Co., has shifted the whole attention of the world, including that of the Soviet people, from the epoch-making twenty-year program to the present Soviet-*chinese conflict.
Not only, as we know, did Chou En-lai publicly treat Khrushchev's attack on Albania as something that we cannot consider as a serious Marxist-*leninist approach to the problem ( i.e., as something thoroughly dictatorial and undemocratic ), but the Albanian leaders went out of their way to be openly abusive to Khrushchev, calling him a liar, a bully, and so on.
It is extremely doubtful that the handful of Albanians who call themselves Communists could have done this without the direct approval of their Chinese friends.
The big question is whether, in the name of a restored Chinese-*soviet solidarity, the Chinese will choose to persuade the Albanians to present their humble apologies to Khrushchev -- or get rid of Enver Hoxa.
These seem about the only two ways in which the unhappy incident can now be closed.
But Albania is merely a symptom of a real malaise between China and Russia.
There are other symptoms.
Khrushchev, for all his bombastic prophecies about the inevitable decay of capitalism, is genuinely favorable to peaceful coexistence and would like, above all, the Berlin and German problems to be settled peacefully ; he knows that he was never more popular than at the time of the Russo-*american honeymoon of 1959.
But it seems that pressures against him are coming from somewhere -- in the first place from China, but perhaps also from that China Lobby which, I was assured in Moscow nearly two years ago, exists on the quiet inside the party.
To these people, solidarity and unity with China should be the real basis of Russia's future policy.
And the Chinese, as the Albanian incident shows, have strong suspicions that Khrushchev is anxious to secure a shameful peace with the West.
The fact that China ( which is obsessed by Formosa -- to Khrushchev a very small matter ) should be supported by North Korea and North Vietnam is highly indicative.
And one cannot but wonder whether Marshal Malinovsky, who was blowing hot and cold, exalting peace but also almost openly considering the possibility of preventive war against the West, wasn't trying to keep the Chinese quiet.
And this brings us inevitably to the 30- or 50-megaton bomb.
Was not this dropped primarily in order to appease the Chinese -- especially after Khrushchev's humiliating surrender to the West in canceling the German peace-treaty deadline of December 31?
What does it all add up to?
Indications are that Khrushchev ( and, with him, the bulk of the Soviet people ) favor peaceful coexistence and ( with the exception of Berlin ) the maintenance of the status quo in the world.
The Chinese, North Vietnamese and North Koreans, on the other hand, feel that, militarily, Russia is strong enough to support them in the just wars of liberation they would like to embark on before long : with China attacking Formosa and the North Koreans and North Vietnamese liberating the southern half of their respective countries.
Perhaps Khrushchev is in a more difficult position than any since 1957, when the anti-party group nearly liquidated him.
He seems strong enough inside the party to cope with any internal opposition ; but if he is up against China's crusading spirit in world affairs, he is going to be faced with the most agonizing choice in his life.
He may support China ( but he won't ) ; he may break with China ( which would be infernally difficult and perhaps disastrous ), or he may succeed, by all kinds of dangerous concessions, in persuading China to be patient.
The next days may show where things stand.
On a misty Sunday morning last month, a small band of militant anti-*communists called the Minutemen held maneuvers in a foggy field about fifteen miles east of here.
Eleven men, a woman and a teen-age boy tramped over cold, damp, fog-enshrouded ground during a two-hour field drill in the problems of guerrilla warfare.
To the average American, this must sound like an incredible tale from a Saturday night *j movie.
But to the Minutemen, this is a serious business.
They feel that the United States is engaged in a life-and-death struggle with communism for survival and world supremacy.
They feel that World War 3 has already begun, and they are setting themselves up as a last line of defense against the Communist advance.
Their national leader, Robert Bolivar De*pugh of Norborne, Mo., says the Minutemen believe that guerrilla tactics are best suited to defeat the Red onslaught.
In their maneuvers last month, they wore World War 2 camouflage garb and helmets, and carried unloaded *j rifles.
The maneuvers were held in secret after a regional seminar for the Minutemen, held in nearby Shiloh, Ill., had been broken up the previous day by deputy sheriffs, who had arrested regional leader Richard Lauchli of Collinsville, Ill., and seized four operative weapons, including a Browning machine gun, two Browning automatic rifles and an *j rifle.
Undismayed by this contretemps, a small band of the faithful gathered at Lauchli's home at 6:30 A.*m. the next day, put on their uniforms, and headed for a farm several miles away.
A 60 mm. mortar and a 57 mm. recoilless rifle owned by Lauchli were brought along.
The mortar was equipped with dummy shells and the recoilless rifle was deactivated.
After a tortuous drive in an open truck and a World War 2 army jeep down soggy trails, the band arrived at a small clearing squeezed between a long, low ridge and a creek-filled gully.
Here the two leaders, De*pugh and Lauchli, hastened to put the group through its paces.
The Minutemen were instructed in the use of terrain for concealment.
They were shown how to advance against an enemy outpost atop a cleared ridge.
They practiced movement behind a smoke screen laid by smoke grenades ; and they attempted a skirmish line of advance against a camouflaged enemy encampment.
Eleven dummy rounds were fired by Lauchli in a demonstration of rapid-fire mortar shooting.
Mrs. De*pugh, the mother of five children and an active member of her husband's organization, participated in all the exercises.
There were no casualties, but the guerrillas admitted to being a little tired when the leaders called a halt at 9 A.*m. to enable out-of-town members to catch a plane.
Tenure as criterion I would like to add one more practical reform to those mentioned by Russell Kirk ( Dec. 16 ).
It has to do with teachers' salaries and tenure.
Next September, after receiving a degree from Yale's Master of Arts in Teaching Program, I will be teaching somewhere -- that much is guaranteed by the present shortage of mathematics teachers.
I will also be underpaid.
The amazing thing is that this too is caused by the dearth of teachers.
Teaching is at present a sellers' market ; as a result buyers, the public, must be satisfied with second-rate teachers.
But this is not the real problem ; the rub arises from the fact that teachers are usually paid on the basis of time served rather than quality.
Hence all teachers, good and bad, who have been teaching for a given number of years are paid the same salary.
I am firmly convinced that considering the average quality of teachers in this country, the profession is grossly overpaid.
It follows that teachers as a group cannot expect any marked salary increases ; there is a limit to how much the public will pay for shoddy performance.
The only hope which good teachers have for being paid their due is to stop dragging the dead weight of poor teachers up the economic ladder with them.
The only hope which the public has for getting good teachers is to pay teachers on the basis of merit rather than tenure.
Here, as in all sectors of the economy, quality and justice are both dependent on the right of the individual to deal directly with his employer if he so chooses.
Loss of initiative on the eve of the great debate on the proposal to give the President broad powers to make across-the-board tariff concessions which could practically bring us into the Atlantic Community, we should face the alternatives on this proposition.
What we will be sacrificing in any such arrangement will be our power to be selective which is contained in the reciprocal trade principle under which we now operate.
Without this power we lay open any American industry which the Europeans may find it economically profitable to destroy to the will of others.
It is this loss of initiative in how we conduct our economy which may lead to the loss of initiative in how we conduct our political affairs.
A brief for the negative I disagree with Mr. Burnham's position on the Common Market ( Nov. 18 ) as a desirable organization for us to join.
For him to ignore the political consequences involved in an Atlantic Union of this kind is difficult to understand.
The pressure for our entry to the Common Market is mounting and we will proceed towards this amalgamated trade union by way of a purely economic thoroughfare, or garden path, with the political ramifications kept neatly in the background.
The appeal is going to be to the pocketbook and may be very convincing to those who do not see its relation to political and legal, as well as economic, self-rule.
In entering this union we will be surrendering most, if not all, of our economic autonomy to international bodies such as the Atlantic Institute ( recently set up ) or the O.*e.*c.*d., I.*m.*f. and others.
To think that we can merely relinquish our economic autonomy without giving up our political or legal autonomy is wishful thinking.
If it is not enough that all of our internationalist One Worlders are advocating that we join this market, I refer you to an article in the New York Times' magazine section ( Nov. 12, 1961 ), by Mr. Eric Johnston, entitled We Must Join The Common Market.
He says : it has swept aside petty nationalisms, age-old rivalries, and worn-out customs.
Referring to Britain, he says, we see a nation that traditionally values sovereignty above all else willing to give up its economy, placing this authority in Continental hands.
Since the goal of our international planners is a World Government, this Atlantic Community would mark a giant step in that direction for, once American economic autonomy is absorbed, a larger grouping is a question of time.
Frankly, it is being very cleverly done for, in a sense, they have us over a barrel.
Listen to what Mr. Johnston has to say : consider the savage wounds that isolationism would inflict.
We would lose our export markets and deny ourselves the imports we need.
We would be crippled by reduced output, industrial decline, widespread unemployment.
But the solution to this dilemma is not the incorporation of the United States into an Atlantic Community or economic empire, but merely what libertarians like Henry Hazlitt and Ludwig Von Mises have been arguing for years : an end to government regulations, an end to government competition in industry, and a realistic depreciation allowance for industry.
Create a free market here, give us a sound, debt-free money system, and we'll compete with anyone, Europe and Asia combined.
In short, get this governmental monstrosity off our backs and we won't have to worry about European competition or Communism either.
If we want to preserve our sovereignty, this is the way to do it ; not acquiesce to an international planning board.
If we go into this Common Market, we might just as well stop talking about Constitutional guarantees, Connally Amendments or, for that matter, conservatism in general.
We welcome this able brief for the negative as part of a many-sided discussion of the Atlantic Common Market which J*n*r will be continuing in our pages.
-- ed..
Mental telepathy?
The Peiping Chinese were the only major silver seller in the world markets who stopped selling the metal on Monday morning, November 27, anticipating by two days the announcement of the U.*s. Treasury that the pegged offering price will be removed.
A professor and the army in 1954 I was drafted and after serving two years honorably on active duty I was not required to participate in any further Army Reserve activities.
Now, more than five years later, I cannot in any realistic sense be called a trained soldier.
But, in spite of this, I, at present a man 31 years of age and a college professor, have been recalled by direction of the President to report on November 25th to Fort Devens, Massachusetts, for another twelve months of active duty as an *j 4 ( the equivalent of a *j ).
Today, seven years after the date of my initial induction as a draftee, I am Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Science at St. Michael's College.
For, after leaving the Army in 1956, I spent five years in graduate school first at Boston College and then at the University of Toronto.
This time, added to that which I had already spent in school prior to my induction in 1954, makes a total of twenty-two ( 22 ) years of education.
The possibility of recall into the Army is part of the price that a modern American has to pay for the enviable heritage of liberty which he enjoys.
With this no loyal citizen can quarrel.
However, it seems axiomatic that the government has an obligation to exercise its mandate reasonably, equitably and with full regard for the disruptions which it inevitably causes.
In my own case, I submit that such reasonable and fair exercise is woefully lacking.
Taken back into the Army now as an *j 4, I am leaving 110 college students whose teacher I am.
( a wry sidelight on this is that most of my students have deferments from the draft in order to attend my classes.
) at this late date, it is impossible for St. Michael's College to find a suitable replacement for me.
Even apart from the fact that now at the age of 31 my personal life is being totally disrupted for the second time for no very compelling reason -- I cannot help looking around at the black leather jacket brigades standing idly on the street corners and in the taverns of every American city and asking myself if our society has gone mad.
Mercenary : term of honor?
In news broadcasts I consistently hear the foreign volunteers fighting in the Katanga Army referred to as mercenaries.
This confuses me no end.
If the Hessian troops sent here willy-nilly by the Hessian Government to fight for England in the 1770's were mercenaries, what shall we call the *j troops sent to the Congo willy-nilly by their governments to fight for the United Nations?
If the *j troops are not mercenaries then the Hessians were not mercenaries either.
And if the foreigners fighting in the Katanga Army are mercenaries then Lafayette and Von Steuben were mercenaries too, as were also the members of the Lafayette Escadrille in the early part of World War 1 and of Chennault's Flying Tigers in the early days of World War 2.
Modern postal slogan it doesn't take a Gore Vidal to tell you what's wrong with Cherokee Textile's slogan ( Pitney-*bowes Objects, July 1 ).
It's an eighteenth-century negative, man ] suggest the following twenty-first-century amendment : by moving the term Republic to lower case, substituting the modern phrase, move ahead for the stodgy keep, and by using the Postmaster's name on every envelope ( in caps, of course, with the in spite as faded as possible ), the slogan cannot fail.
The impending death of Pope in the issue of March 5, 1960 you had an excellent editorial which said : on trial in Jakarta for having flown for the Indonesian anti-*communist insurgents, U.*s. pilot Alan Lawrence Pope boldly told the court that in supporting the freedom fighters, he was actually defending the sovereignty and independence of Indonesia.
Facing a prosecution which has demanded the death penalty, he said : I have participated in the war against Communism in Korea and at Dienbienphu, and I have helped in the evacuation of North Vietnamese to the free world.
I have done all this for the freedom of the individuals concerned and also for the states which have been threatened by Communist domination.
At least in Indonesia, Khrushchev found an American proud to be at total war with Communism ] since then nothing has happened to save the life of Pope.
I found recently a very small article in the New York Times : U.*s. Flier Loses Plea.
Indonesia Court Upholds Pope's Death Sentence.
Indonesia Military Supreme Court has confirmed the death sentence passed on Alan Lawrence Pope, an American pilot.
Pope was convicted last year of having aided North Celebes rebels by flying bombing missions.
He has been in prison since May, 1958, when his aircraft was shot down over Moluccas.
He may appeal to President Sukarno for clemency.
As we see, Pope may appeal to President Sukarno, Khrushchev's friend, for clemency.
This possibility is anything but reassuring.
The Eleanor Roosevelt Tractor Committee acts on behalf of the Cuban freedom fighters.
But who will act now and immediately to save the life of Alan Pope?
Are tractors available for him?
Does anybody think of saving the life of an anti-*communist American pilot?
An analogy a few days before I saw your mention of what Texas Liberals were doing to promote Louis Capet ( The Week, June 3 ), another analogy had occurred to me.
Consider this table : 1.
Louis 14 -- *j.
With no strong men and no parliament to dispute his will, he was the government.
2.
Regency -- Truman.
A dust-settling period of decadence and decline.
3.
Louis 15 -- Eisenhower.
He opened his mouth, said little, and thought not at all.
4.
Louis 16 -- Kennedy.
Not completely virtuous, but completely incompetent.
And Marie Antoinette -- Jacqueline Bouvier.
The beautiful and light-hearted.
5.
French Revolution -- conservative Revolution?
Truly, that Liberals should choose Louis 14 as a bogey-symbol of conservatism is grotesquely ironic, considering the Louis 14 character of their Grand Monarque, *j : not only in his accretion of absolute power and personal deification, ( le roi gouverne par lui meme ) but in the disastrous effects of his spending and war policies.
In defeating Louis Capet, John Tower's victory in Texas signals, once again, the end of the divine right of Liberalism.
Confrontation it seems to me that N.*c., in his editorial Confrontation ( *j, Mar. 25 ), has hit upon the real problem that bothers all of us in a complex world : how do we retain our personal relationship with those who suffer?
This affects us all intimately, and can leave us hopeless in the face of widespread distress.
I know of no other solution than the one N.*c. proposes -- to do what we can for each sufferer as he confronts us, hoping that this will spread beyond him to others at some time and some place.
Never have I seen this expressed so clearly and so sympathetically.
Thank you for the illustrated editorial Confrontation.
It is both great writing and profound religion.
N.*c. has said something important so well that this preacher will many times be tempted to quote the whole piece.
I feel that N.*c. hit the very core of our existence in the editorial Confrontation.
Personally, it meant a great deal ; my only hope is that it will be shared by many, many others.
Confrontation should fortify us all, whether in Southeast Asia or the U.*s..
Congratulations to N.*c. for successfully delving into the heart of the problems that face the Peace Corps.
I concur that it is necessary for Americans to have a confrontation of the situation existing in foreign lands.
It would be heartbreaking to see idealism, and hence effective leadership, thwarted by the poverty and hardship which young Americans will run into.
The editorial Confrontation was certainly direct in its appeal to those of us living here in America.
I personally gained strength from it.
Thanks for continuing to capture the attention and uncover so many areas of need in this amazing world.
N.*c.'s editorial Confrontation is a stunning piece of writing.
I would hope that Sargent Shriver will encourage everyone entering the Peace Corps to read it.
The important people to humanity are not the Khrushchevs and the Castros but the Schweitzers and the Dooleys, and the others like them whose names we will never know.
Editor's note : reprints of Confrontation will be included among the material to be distributed to members of the Peace Corps.
A Peace Corps official described the editorial as precisely the message we need to communicate to the men and women who will soon be Peace Corps volunteers.
Improper Bostonian?
F. L. Lucas's article in *j April 1 issue seemed to be a very fair and objective analysis of the New English Bible.
I certainly hope this will be the impression left in the minds of readers, rather than the comment by Cleveland Amory in his first of the month column.
It is blind, fundamentalist dogmatism to say, messing around with the King James version seems to us a perilous sport at best.
Facts in focus Lester Markel is on the right track in his article Interpretation Of Interpretation ( *j, Mar. 11 ).
The current stereotype of straight news reporting was probably invaluable in protecting the press and its readers from pollution by that combination of doctored fact, fancy, and personal opinion called yellow journalism which flourished in this country more than a generation ago.
We don't need this type of protection any more.
The public is now armed with sophistication and numerous competing media.
Besides, there are no longer enough corruptible journalists about.
The accepted method of writing news has two major liabilities.
First, it does not communicate.
A reporter restricted to the competing propaganda statements of both sides in a major labor dispute, for instance, is unable to tell his readers half of what he knows about the causes of the dispute.
Second, it subjects the news to distortion by the unscrupulous.
The charges by the late junior Senator from Wisconsin not only destroyed innocent people but misled the nation.
Yet the press was powerless to put these charges in perspective in its news columns.
Despite several years of front-page stories, the average citizen was unable to get a complete picture of Mc*carthy until he saw on the television screen what the reporters had been seeing all along but had no effective way of communicating.
The Senator had boxed them in with their own restrictions.
It seems to me the time has come for the American press to start experimenting with ways of reporting the news that will do a better job of communicating and will be less subject to abuse by those who have learned how to manipulate the present stereotype to serve their own ends.
The objective should be to provide a method of getting into print a higher percentage than is now possible of the relevant information in the possession of reporters and editors.
Southern California blackout I would like to see you devote some space in an early issue to the news blackout concerning President Kennedy's activities, so far as Southern California is concerned.
You have on more than one occasion praised the idea of a televised press conference and the chance it gives the people to form intelligent opinions.
To begin with, the all-powerful Los Angeles Times does not publish a transcript of these press conferences.
I am sure that they did when Eisenhower was President.
Next, because of the time differential, the conferences come on the networks during the middle of the day.
Up until now, the networks have grudgingly run half-hour tapes at 5 P.*m. or sometimes 7 or 10:30 P.*m..
Even then, a few of the less interesting questions are edited out and glibly summarized by a commentator.
However, last night the tapes were not run at all during the evening hours and all we got on *j were a few snatches which Douglas Edwards and Huntley and Brinkley could squeeze into their programs.
This is no criticism of them, as they obviously cannot get a half-hour program into a fifteen-minute news summary.
The radio stations did run transcripts ( I thought ) during the evening hours.
However, by comparing the *j snatches, two different radio station re-runs, and the censored Los Angeles Times version, I found that the radio stations had edited out questions ( A*b*c removed the one regarding Laos ) or even a paragraph out of the middle of the President's answer.
I am interested to know he is getting mail from all over the country about the abuse he is being subjected to.
We out here don't see enough of the conference to know he is being abused.
I don't know if this is the situation in other parts of the country ; apparently it is not.
It also happened with the Inauguration, which was not re-run at all during the evening hours, and I wrote to the *j editor of the Times.
He did mention in his column the fact that he had received many letters about this and he himself did not understand the networks and the independent local stations' not doing this -- but nothing happened.
Can you bring the networks' attention to this?
For a college of propaganda I was interested in James Webb Young's Madison Avenue column in which he raised the question : do we Need a college of propaganda?
( *j, Feb. 11 ).
In my estimation, we definitely do ; and the sad part of it is that we had one, which was rounding into excellent shape, and we let it disintegrate and die.
During the war, we set up schools for the teaching of psychological warfare, which included the teaching of propaganda, both black and white and the various shades of grey in between.
We had a couple of schools in this country, the principal one being on the Marshall Field estate out in Lloyd's Neck.
There were also a couple in Canada, and several in England.
The English schools preceded ours, and by the time we got into it they had learned a lot about the techniques of propaganda and its teaching.
Four of us here in the United States attended, first as students, then as instructors, almost every one of these schools, in England, Canada, and the United States.
We set up the Lloyd's Neck school, worked out its curriculum, and taught there.
Toward the end of the war, we really felt that we had learned something about propaganda and how to teach it.
When the end did come, and the schools were disbanded and abandoned, we felt and hoped that the machinery of psychological warfare would not be allowed to rust.
We hoped that its practitioners and teachers might be put on some sort of reserve list and called back for refresher courses each year or so.
Alas, no such thing happened.
There apparently is no school of propaganda or psychological warfare.
A study at the Pentagon and at the service academies revealed that nothing was being done there.
And not one of the four men who attended all the schools has ever been called on to apply any of his knowledge in any way.
Congratulations on the article Do We Need A College Of Propaganda?
This is one of the most constructive suggestions made in this critical field in years, and I certainly hope it sparks some action.
Let the media clean house, too many of us in public relations were flattered that Richard L. Tobin chose to devote his editorial in the March 11 Communications Supplement to the merger of the Public Relations Society of America and the American Public Relations Association.
Snow storm I was surprised and sorry to find in your issue of March 4 a long and detailed attack upon a book that had not yet been published.
Whether in his forthcoming book C. P. Snow commits the errors of judgment and of fact with which your heavily autobiographical critic charged him is important.
One should be able to get hold of the book at once.
But the attack was made from an advance copy.
If this practice should take root and spread, the man who submits a manuscript to a publisher will find himself reviewed before he is accepted and publication will become a sort of post-mortem formality.
Editor's note : Sir Robert Watson-*watt wrote, on page 50 of S*r Research for 4 March 1961 : I have read an advance copy of the Snow book which is to be titled, Science And Government.
Until the work actually appears I am not privileged to analyze it publicly in detail.
But I have compared its text with already published commentaries on the 1960 series of Godkin lectures at Harvard, from which the book was derived, and I can with confidence challenge the gist of C. P. Snow's incautious tale.
Watson-*watt's remarks in S*r did not then, constitute a review of the book but a rebuttal to the Godkin Lectures.
Representatives of Harvard University Press, which is publishing the book this month of April, recognize and freely acknowledge that they invited such reaction by allowing Life magazine to print an excerpt from the book in advance of the book's publication date.
The text of the book leaves a somewhat milder impression than the prepublication excerpt.
Sir Robert Watson-*watt's rebuttal of Sir Charles Snow's Godkin Lectures is marred throughout by too forceful a desire to defend Lindemann and apparently himself from Sir Charles' supposed falsehoods while stating those falsehoods in an unclear incoherent argument.
The article presents the reader with an absurdity at its beginning.
It calls the conclusion admitted valid by historians and military strategists alike a perverted conclusion.
Nonsense.
It submits an enthusiastic, impressionistic conception of Lindemann contributing another aspect of the man, but on no more authoritative basis than Sir Charles' account.
We are left to choose between the two Lindemanns.
The only fact that holds any weight in the article is the result of the tea party.
But we are to believe that Lindemann actively supported radar outside the Tizard Committee, and dissembling, discounted it inside?
If so, I would lean to Sir Charles' conception of the man.
I think it was a grave error to print the article at this time.
To the unfortunate people unable to attend the Godkin lectures it casts an unjustifiable aura of falsehood over the book which may dissuade some people from reading it.
It is not news that Nathan Milstein is a wizard of the violin.
Certainly not in Orchestra Hall where he has played countless recitals, and where Thursday night he celebrated his 20th season with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, playing the Brahms Concerto with his own slashing, demon-ridden cadenza melting into the high, pale, pure and lovely song with which a violinist unlocks the heart of the music, or forever finds it closed.
There was about that song something incandescent, for this Brahms was Milstein at white heat.
Not the noblest performance we have heard him play, or the most spacious, or even the most eloquent.
Those would be reserved for the orchestra's great nights when the soloist can surpass himself.
This time the orchestra gave him some superb support fired by response to his own high mood.
But he had in Walter Hendl a willing conductor able only up to a point.
That is, when Mr. Milstein thrust straight to the core of the music, sparks flying, bow shredding, violin singing, glittering and sometimes spitting, Mr. Hendl could go along.
But Mr. Hendl does not go straight to any point.
He flounders and lets music sprawl.
There was in the Brahms none of the mysterious and marvelous alchemy by which a great conductor can bring soloist, orchestra and music to ultimate fusion.
So we had some dazzling and memorable Milstein, but not great Brahms.
The concert opened with another big romantic score, Schumann's Overture to Manfred, which suffered fate, this time with orchestral thrusts to the Byronic point to keep it afloat.
Hindemith's joust with Weber tunes was a considerably more serious misfortune, for it demands transluscent textures, buoyant rhythms, and astringent wit.
It got the kind of scrambled, coarsened performance that can happen to best of orchestras when the man with the baton lacks technique and style.
Bayreuth next summer the Bay