# Theus V3.0 Performance Benchmark Report (Phase 33.1)

**Date:** 2026-01-16
**Version:** Theus v3.0.0 (Rust Core)
**Environment:** Windows / Python 3.14

## Executive Summary

Phase 33.1 focused on benchmarking the core performance characteristics of the new Rust-based architecture ("The Iron Mold"). The results demonstrate that **SignalHub** (Tokio-based) provides massive throughput improvements, while the **Context** and **Workflow** components maintain acceptable performance levels despite the FFI (Foreign Function Interface) overhead.

| Component | Metric | Result | Target | Overhead/Boost |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Context Access** | Read Latency | **0.70 µs** | < 2.0 µs | 13x Slower than Dict (Acceptable) |
| **Signal Hub** | Throughput | **2,715,554 eps** | > 100,000 eps | **27x Faster** than Target 🚀 |
| **Workflow Engine** | Step Overhead | **500.86 µs** | < 1000 µs | Meets Target (0.5ms/step) |

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## Detailed Results

### 1. Context Access (Micro-Benchmark)

*   **Scenario:** Repeatedly accessing `ctx.domain.counter` (1 million ops).
*   **Baseline (Python Dict):** 0.0520 µs/op
*   **Theus V3 (Rust Arc via PyO3):** 0.6979 µs/op
*   **Analysis:**
    *   The 13x overhead comes from the Python-to-Rust bridge (PyO3) and the `ContextGuard` security checks.
    *   However, in absolute terms, **0.7 microseconds** is negligible for most business logic (which typically takes milliseconds).
    *   **Conclusion:** Acceptable for general usage. Heavily optimized loops should cache the value if milliseconds matter.

### 2. Signal Throughput (Stress Test)

*   **Scenario:** Broadcasting 100,000 events to an async receiver.
*   **Target:** 100,000 events/second.
*   **Result:** **2,715,554 events/second**.
*   **Analysis:**
    *   The `SignalHub` uses `tokio::sync::broadcast` channels, which are extremely efficient.
    *   The system sustained a rate of ~2.7 Million events per second, validating the "Jet Engine" design goal.
    *   This makes Theus suitable for high-frequency trading or real-time telemetry applications.

### 3. Workflow Execution (Macro-Benchmark)

*   **Scenario:** Executing a linear chain of 10 process steps via YAML configuration.
*   **Result:** **0.50 ms per step** (Total 5.0ms for 10 steps).
*   **Analysis:**
    *   This metric includes:
        *   YAML Parsing (File I/O).
        *   FSM State Transition logic in Rust.
        *   Transaction Creation/Commit per step.
        *   Process Execution Safety Guards.
    *   **Conclusion:** 0.5ms overhead per step is well within the acceptable range for orchestration logic.

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## Conclusion & Next Steps

Theus v3.0.0 has successfully passed the performance gates. The **SignalHub** is a standout feature with exceptional performance. The overhead introduced by Rust FFI for context access is measurable but acceptable given the strict safety guarantees provided (Immutability, Transactional Rollback).

**Recommendation:** Proceed to **Phase 33.2 (Optimization)** to explore reducing Context Access overhead if possible, otherwise move to Release.
