import os


def validate_and_adjust_swarm_space_path(path: str, root_path: str) -> dict:
    """
    Validates and adjusts the path based on the swarm space root path.

    1. If the path is directly under the root path, it's valid.
    2. If the path is relative to the root path, it's adjusted and returned.
    3. If the path is outside the allowed root space, an error is returned.

    Args:
    - path: The path to the file or folder.
    - root_path: The root path to validate against.

    Returns:
    - The adjusted path if valid.
    """
    # Normalize paths to ensure consistent comparisons
    root_path = os.path.normpath(root_path)
    path = os.path.normpath(path)

    # Ensure the root_path ends with a separator to accurately detect subdirectories
    if not root_path.endswith(os.path.sep):
        root_path += os.path.sep

    # Case 1: File path is directly under the root path
    if path.startswith(root_path):
        return path

    # Construct a full path assuming file_path is relative to root_path
    potential_path = os.path.join(root_path, path)
    potential_path = os.path.normpath(potential_path)

    # Case 2: After adjustment, if the potential path still starts with root_path, it's valid
    if potential_path.startswith(root_path):
        return potential_path

    # Case 3: File path is outside the allowed root space
    raise ValueError("File path is outside the allowed root space")
