# Coverage for pygeodesy/geodsolve.py : 93%

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Set env variable C{PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE} to the (fully qualified) path of the C{GeodSolve} executable. ''' from pygeodesy.basics import map2, ub2str, _xinstanceof from pygeodesy.geodesicx.gxbases import _all_caps, Caps, _GeodesicBase from pygeodesy.interns import DIG, NN, _0_, _COMMASPACE_, _EQUAL_, \ _SLASH_, _SPACE_ from pygeodesy.interns import _not_ # PYCHOK used! from pygeodesy.karney import callername, _ellipsoid, _EWGS84, GDict, \ GeodesicError, GeodSolve12Tuple from pygeodesy.lazily import _ALL_DOCS, _ALL_LAZY, _ALL_MODS as _MODS, \ _getenv, printf, _sys_version_info2 # from pygeodesy.named import callername # from .karney from pygeodesy.namedTuples import Destination3Tuple, Distance3Tuple from pygeodesy.props import Property, Property_RO, property_RO from pygeodesy.streprs import Fmt, fstr, fstrzs, pairs, strs from pygeodesy.units import Precision_ from pygeodesy.utily import sincos2d, unroll180, wrap360 from subprocess import PIPE as _PIPE, Popen as _Popen, STDOUT as _STDOUT __all__ = _ALL_LAZY.geodsolve __version__ = '21.12.28' _PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE_ = 'PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE' # PYCHOK used! _Error_ = 'Error' _ERROR_ = 'ERROR' _len_N = len(GeodSolve12Tuple._Names_) _stdin_ = 'stdin' def _cmd_stdin_(cmd, stdin): # PYCHOK no cover '''(INTERNAL) Cmd line, stdin and caller as sC{str}. ''' c = Fmt.PAREN(callername(up=3)) t = (c,) if stdin is None else (_SLASH_, str(stdin), c) return _SPACE_.join(cmd + t) class _GeodesicSolveBase(_GeodesicBase): '''(NTERNAL) Base class for L{GeodesicSolve} and L{GeodesicLineSolve}. ''' _E = _EWGS84 _Exact = True _GeodSolve = _getenv(_PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE_, _PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE_) _invokation = 0 _prec = Precision_(prec=DIG) _reverse2 = False _status = None _text_True = dict() if _sys_version_info2 < (3, 7) else dict(text=True) _unroll = False _verbose = False @Property_RO def a(self): '''Get the I{equatorial} radius, semi-axis (C{meter}). ''' return self.ellipsoid.a @Property_RO def _b_option(self): return ('-b',) if self.reverse2 else () @Property_RO def _cmdBasic(self): '''(INTERNAL) Get the C{GeodSolve} basic cmd (C{tuple}). ''' return (self.GeodSolve,) + self._b_option \ + self._e_option \ + self._E_option \ + self._p_option \ + self._u_option + ('-f',) @Property_RO def ellipsoid(self): '''Get the ellipsoid (C{Ellipsoid}). ''' return self._E @Property_RO def _e_option(self): E = self.ellipsoid if E is _EWGS84: return () # default a, f = strs(E.a_f, fmt=Fmt.F, prec=DIG + 3) # not .G! return ('-e', a, f) @Property_RO def _E_option(self): return ('-E',) if self.Exact else () @Property def Exact(self): '''Get the C{GeodesicExact} usage (C{bool}). ''' return self._Exact @Exact.setter # PYCHOK setter! def Exact(self, Exact): '''Set the C{GeodesicExact} usage (C{bool}). @arg Exact: If C{True} use C{GeodesicExact}, otherwise use C{Geodesic} (C{bool}). ''' Exact = bool(Exact) self._update(Exact != self.Exact) self._Exact = Exact @Property_RO def f(self): '''Get the ellipsoid's I{flattening} (C{float}), M{(a - b) / a}, C{0} for spherical, negative for prolate. ''' return self.ellipsoid.f def _GDictInvoke(self, cmd, floats, *args): '''(INTERNAL) Invoke C{GeodSolve}, return C{GDict}. ''' i = fstr(args, prec=DIG, fmt=Fmt.F, sep=_SPACE_) if args else None # not Fmt.G! t = self._invoke(cmd, stdin=i).lstrip().split() # 12-/+ tuple if len(t) > _len_N: # instrumented? # unzip the name=value pairs to names and values n, v = zip(*(p.split(_EQUAL_) for p in t[:-_len_N])) v += tuple(t[-_len_N:]) n += GeodSolve12Tuple._Names_ else: n, v = GeodSolve12Tuple._Names_, t if self.verbose: # PYCHOK no cover self._print(_COMMASPACE_.join(map(Fmt.EQUAL, n, map(fstrzs, v)))) if floats: v = map(float, v) return GDict(zip(n, v)) @Property def GeodSolve(self): '''Get the U{GeodSolve<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/GeodSolve.1.html>} executable (C{filename}). ''' return self._GeodSolve @GeodSolve.setter # PYCHOK setter! def GeodSolve(self, path): '''Set the U{GeodSolve<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/GeodSolve.1.html>} executable (C{filename}). @arg path: The (fully qualified) path to the C{GeodSolve} executable (C{str}). @raise GeodesicError: Invalid B{C{path}}, B{C{path}} doesn't exist or isn't the C{GeodSolve} executable. ''' hold = self.GeodSolve self._update(path != hold) self._GeodSolve = path try: self.version # test path and ... if self.status: # ... return code raise GeodesicError(GeodSolve=path, status=self.status, txt=_not_(_0_)) hold = path finally: # restore in case of error self._update(hold != self.GeodSolve) self._GeodSolve = hold @property_RO def invokation(self): '''Get the most recent C{GeodSolve} invokation number (C{int}). ''' return self._invokation def invoke(self, *options, **stdin): '''Invoke the C{GeodSolve} executable and return the result. @arg options: No, one or several C{GeodSolve} command line options (C{str}s). @kwarg stdin: Optional input to pass to C{GeodSolve.stdin} (C{str}). @return: The C{GeodSolve.stdout} and C{.stderr} output (C{str}). @raise GeodesicError: On any error, including a non-zero return code from C{GeodSolve}. @note: The C{GeodSolve} return code is in property L{status}. ''' c = (self.GeodSolve,) + map2(str, options) i = stdin.get(_stdin_, None) r = self._invoke(c, stdin=i) s = self.status if s: raise GeodesicError(cmd=_cmd_stdin_(c, i), status=s, txt=_not_(_0_)) if self.verbose: # PYCHOK no cover self._print(r) return r def _invoke(self, cmd, stdin=None): '''(INTERNAL) Invoke the C{GeodSolve} executable, with the given B{C{cmd}} line and optional input to B{C{stdin}}. ''' self._invokation += 1 self._status = t = None if self.verbose: # PYCHOK no cover t = _cmd_stdin_(cmd, stdin) self._print(t) try: p = _Popen(cmd, creationflags=0, # executable =sys.executable, # shell =True, stdin =_PIPE, stdout =_PIPE, # PYCHOK kwArgs stderr =_STDOUT, **self._text_True) # invoke and write to stdin r = ub2str(p.communicate(stdin)[0]) if len(r) < 6 or r[:5] in (_Error_, _ERROR_): raise ValueError(r) self._status = p.returncode except (IOError, OSError, TypeError, ValueError) as x: raise GeodesicError(cmd=t or _cmd_stdin_(cmd, stdin), txt=str(x)) return r.strip() @Property_RO def _p_option(self): return '-p', str(self.prec - 5) # -p is distance prec @Property def prec(self): '''Get the precision, number of decimal digits (C{int}). ''' return self._prec @prec.setter # PYCHOK setter! def prec(self, prec): '''Set the precision for C{angles} in C{degrees}, like C{lat}, C{lon}, C{azimuth} and C{arc}. @arg prec: Number of decimal digits (C{int}, C{0}..L{DIG}). @note: The precision for C{distance = B{prec} - 5} or up to 10 decimal digits for C{nanometer} and for C{area = B{prec} - 12} or at most C{millimeter} I{squared}. ''' prec = Precision_(prec=prec, high=DIG) self._update(prec != self.prec) self._prec = prec def _print(self, line): # PYCHOK no cover '''(INTERNAL) Print a status line. ''' if self.status is not None: line = _SPACE_(line, Fmt.PAREN(self.status)) printf('%s %d: %s', self.named2, self.invokation, line) @Property def reverse2(self): '''Get the C{azi2} direction (C{bool}). ''' return self._reverse2 @reverse2.setter # PYCHOK setter! def reverse2(self, reverse2): '''Set the direction for C{azi2} (C{bool}). @arg reverse2: If C{True} reverse C{azi2} (C{bool}). ''' reverse2 = bool(reverse2) self._update(reverse2 != self.reverse2) self._reverse2 = reverse2 @property_RO def status(self): '''Get the most recent C{GeodSolve} return code (C{int}, C{str}) or C{None}. ''' return self._status def toStr(self, prec=6, sep=_COMMASPACE_, **unused): # PYCHOK signature '''Return this C{GeodesicSolve} as string. @kwarg prec: The C{float} precision, number of decimal digits (0..9). Trailing zero decimals are stripped for B{C{prec}} values of 1 and above, but kept for negative B{C{prec}} values. @kwarg sep: Optional separator to join (C{str}). @return: GeodesicSolve items (C{str}). ''' d = dict(ellipsoid=self.ellipsoid, GeodSolve=self.GeodSolve, invokation=self.invokation, status=self.status) return sep.join(pairs(d, prec=prec)) @Property def unroll(self): '''Get the C{lon2} unroll'ing (C{bool}). ''' return self._unroll @unroll.setter # PYCHOK setter! def unroll(self, unroll): '''Set unroll'ing for C{lon2} (C{bool}). @arg unroll: If C{True} unroll C{lon2}, otherwise don't (C{bool}). ''' unroll = bool(unroll) self._update(unroll != self.unroll) self._unroll = unroll @Property_RO def _u_option(self): return '-u' if self.unroll else () @Property def verbose(self): '''Get the C{verbose} option (C{bool}). ''' return self._verbose @verbose.setter # PYCHOK setter! def verbose(self, verbose): '''Set the C{verbose} option. @arg verbose: Print a message around each C{GeodSolve} invokation (C{bool}). ''' self._verbose = bool(verbose) @property_RO def version(self): '''Get the result of C{"GeodSolve --version"}. ''' return self.invoke('--version') class GeodesicSolve(_GeodesicSolveBase): '''Wrapper to invoke I{Karney}'s U{GeodSolve<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/GeodSolve.1.html>} as an C{Exact} version of I{Karney}'s Python class U{Geodesic<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/ python/code.html#geographiclib.geodesic.Geodesic>}. @note: Use property C{GeodSolve} or env variable C{PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE} to specify the (fully qualified) path to the C{GeodSolve} executable. @note: This C{geodesic} is intended I{for testing purposes only}, it invokes the C{GeodSolve} executable for I{every} method call. ''' def __init__(self, a_ellipsoid=_EWGS84, f=None, name=NN): '''New L{GeodesicSolve} instance. @arg a_ellipsoid: An ellipsoid (L{Ellipsoid}) or datum (L{Datum}) or the equatorial radius of the ellipsoid (C{scalar}, conventionally in C{meter}), see B{C{f}}. @arg f: The flattening of the ellipsoid (C{scalar}) if B{C{a_ellipsoid}} is specified as C{scalar}. @kwarg name: Optional name (C{str}). ''' if a_ellipsoid not in (GeodesicSolve._E, None): self._E = _ellipsoid(a_ellipsoid, f, name=name) if name: self.name = name def Area(self, polyline=False, name=NN): '''Set up an L{GeodesicAreaExact} to compute area and perimeter of a polygon. @kwarg polyline: If C{True} perimeter only, otherwise area and perimeter (C{bool}). @kwarg name: Optional name (C{str}). @return: A L{GeodesicAreaExact} instance. @note: The B{C{debug}} setting is passed as C{verbose} to the returned L{GeodesicAreaExact} instance. ''' gaX = _MODS.geodesicx.GeodesicAreaExact(self, polyline=polyline, name=name or self.name) if self.verbose or self.debug: # PYCHOK no cover gaX.verbose = True return gaX Polygon = Area # for C{geographiclib} compatibility @Property_RO def _cmdDirect(self): '''(INTERNAL) Get the C{GeodSolve} I{Direct} cmd (C{tuple}). ''' return self._cmdBasic @Property_RO def _cmdInverse(self): '''(INTERNAL) Get the C{GeodSolve} I{Inverse} cmd (C{tuple}). ''' return self._cmdBasic + ('-i',) def Direct(self, lat1, lon1, azi1, s12, *unused): '''Return the C{Direct} result. ''' return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdDirect, True, lat1, lon1, azi1, s12) def Direct3(self, lat1, lon1, azi1, s12): # PYCHOK outmask '''Return the destination lat, lon and reverse azimuth (final bearing) in C{degrees}. @return: L{Destination3Tuple}C{(lat, lon, final)}. ''' d = self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdDirect, False, lat1, lon1, azi1, s12) return Destination3Tuple(float(d.lat2), float(d.lon2), wrap360(d.azi2)) def _GDictDirect(self, lat, lon, azi, arcmode, s12_a12, *unused): # for .geodesicx.gxarea '''(INTERNAL) Get C{_GenDirect}-like result as C{GDict}. ''' if arcmode: raise GeodesicError(arcmode=arcmode, txt=str(NotImplemented)) return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdDirect, True, lat, lon, azi, s12_a12) def _GDictInverse(self, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, *unused): # for .geodesicx.gxarea '''(INTERNAL) Get C{_GenInverse}-like result as C{GDict}, but I{without} C{_SALPs_CALPs_}. ''' return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdInverse, True, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) def Inverse(self, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, *unused): '''Return the C{Inverse} result. ''' return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdInverse, True, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) def Inverse1(self, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, wrap=False): '''Return the non-negative, I{angular} distance in C{degrees}. ''' # see .FrechetKarney.distance, .HausdorffKarney._distance # and .HeightIDWkarney._distances _, lon2 = unroll180(lon1, lon2, wrap=wrap) # self.LONG_UNROLL d = self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdInverse, False, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) # XXX self.DISTANCE needed for 'a12'? return abs(float(d.a12)) def Inverse3(self, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2): # PYCHOK outmask '''Return the distance in C{meter} and the forward and reverse azimuths (initial and final bearing) in C{degrees}. @return: L{Distance3Tuple}C{(distance, initial, final)}. ''' d = self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdInverse, False, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) return Distance3Tuple(float(d.s12), wrap360(d.azi1), wrap360(d.azi2)) def Line(self, lat1, lon1, azi1, caps=Caps.ALL): '''Set up an L{GeodesicLineSolve} to compute several points on a single geodesic. @arg lat1: Latitude of the first point (C{degrees}). @arg lon1: Longitude of the first point (C{degrees}). @arg azi1: Azimuth at the first point (compass C{degrees}). @kwarg caps: Bit-or'ed combination of L{Caps} values specifying the capabilities the L{GeodesicLineSolve} instance should possess, always C{Caps.ALL}. @return: A L{GeodesicLineSolve} instance. @note: If the point is at a pole, the azimuth is defined by keeping B{C{lon1}} fixed, writing C{B{lat1} = ±(90 − ε)}, and taking the limit C{ε → 0+}. @see: C++ U{GeodesicExact.Line <https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/classGeographicLib_1_1GeodesicExact.html>} and Python U{Geodesic.Line<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/python/code.html>}. ''' return GeodesicLineSolve(self, lat1, lon1, azi1, caps=caps, name=self.name) _LineTemp = Line # like .karney.Geodesic and .geodesicx.gx.GeodesicExact class GeodesicLineSolve(_GeodesicSolveBase): '''Wrapper to invoke I{Karney}'s U{GeodSolve<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/GeodSolve.1.html>} as an C{Exact} version of I{Karney}'s Python class U{GeodesicLine<https://GeographicLib.SourceForge.io/html/ python/code.html#geographiclib.geodesicline.GeodesicLine>}. @note: Use property C{GeodSolve} or env variable C{PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE} to specify the (fully qualified) path to the C{GeodSolve} executable. @note: This C{geodesic} is intended I{for testing purposes only}, it invokes the C{GeodSolve} executable for I{every} method call. ''' _caps = 0 _gS = None # Solve only _lla1 = () def __init__(self, geodesic, lat1, lon1, azi1, caps=Caps.ALL, name=NN): '''New L{GeodesicLineSolve} instance, allowing points to be found along a geodesic starting at C{(B{lat1}, B{lon1})} with azimuth B{C{azi1}}. @arg geodesic: The geodesic to use (L{GeodesicSolve}). @arg lat1: Latitude of the first point (C{degrees}). @arg lon1: Longitude of the first point (C{degrees}). @arg azi1: Azimuth at the first points (compass C{degrees}). @kwarg caps: Bit-or'ed combination of L{Caps} values specifying the capabilities the L{GeodesicLineSolve} instance should possess, always C{Caps.ALL}. @kwarg name: Optional name (C{str}). @raise TypeError: Invalid B{C{geodesic}}. ''' _xinstanceof(GeodesicSolve, geodesic=geodesic) self._gS = gS = geodesic self._lla1 = lat1, lon1, azi1 self._caps = caps | Caps._LINE n = name or gS.name if n: self.name = n self._debug = gS._debug self.Exact = gS.Exact self.prec = gS.prec self.reverse2 = gS.reverse2 self.unroll = gS.unroll self.verbose = gS.verbose try: self.GeodSolve = gS.GeodSolve except GeodesicError: pass def ArcPosition(self, a12, *unused): '''Find the position on the line given B{C{a12}}. @arg a12: Spherical arc length from the first point to the second point (C{degrees}). @return: A C{dict} with 12 items C{lat1, lon1, azi1, lat2, lon2, azi2, m12, a12, s12, M12, M21, S12}. ''' return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdArc, True, a12) @Property_RO def azi1(self): '''Get the azimuth at the first point (compass C{degrees}). ''' return self._lla1[2] @Property_RO def azi1_sincos2(self): '''Get the sine and cosine of the first point's azimuth (2-tuple C{(sin, cos)}). ''' return sincos2d(self.azi1) @Property_RO def caps(self): '''Get the capabilities (bit-or'ed C{Caps}). ''' return self._caps def caps_(self, caps): '''Check the available capabilities. @arg caps: Bit-or'ed combination of L{Caps} values for all capabilities to be checked. @return: C{True} if I{all} B{C{caps}} are available, C{False} otherwise (C{bool}). ''' return _all_caps(self.caps, caps) @Property_RO def _cmdArc(self): '''(INTERNAL) Get the C{GeodSolve} I{-a -L} cmd (C{tuple}). ''' return self._cmdDistance + ('-a',) @Property_RO def _cmdDistance(self): '''(INTERNAL) Get the C{GeodSolve} I{-L} cmd (C{tuple}). ''' return self._cmdBasic + ('-L',) + strs(self._lla1, prec=DIG, fmt=Fmt.F) @Property_RO def ellipsoid(self): '''Get the ellipsoid (C{Ellipsoid}). ''' return self._gS.ellipsoid @Property_RO def lat1(self): '''Get the latitude of the first point (C{degrees}). ''' return self._lla1[0] @Property_RO def lon1(self): '''Get the longitude of the first point (C{degrees}). ''' return self._lla1[1] def Position(self, s12, *unused): '''Find the position on the line given B{C{s12}}. @arg s12: Distance from the first point to the second C({meter}). @return: A C{dict} with 12 items C{lat1, lon1, azi1, lat2, lon2, azi2, m12, a12, s12, M12, M21, S12}, possibly C{a12=NAN}. ''' return self._GDictInvoke(self._cmdDistance, True, s12) __all__ += _ALL_DOCS(_GeodesicSolveBase) if __name__ == '__main__': gS = GeodesicSolve(name='Test') if gS.GeodSolve in (_PYGEODESY_GEODSOLVE_, None): # not set gS.GeodSolve = '/opt/local/Cellar/geographiclib/1.51/bin/GeodSolve' # HomeBrew # gS.verbose = True printf('version: %s', gS.version) r = gS.Direct(40.6, -73.8, 51, 5.5e6) printf('Direct: %r', r, nl=1) # GDict(M12=0.650911, M21=0.651229, S12=39735075134877.09375, a12=49.475527, azi1=51.0, azi2=107.189397, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.884565, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-1.141173, m12=4844148.703101, s12=5500000.0) printf('Direct3: %r', gS.Direct3(40.6, -73.8, 51, 5.5e6)) # Destination3Tuple(lat=51.884565, lon=-1.141173, final=107.189397) printf('Inverse: %r', gS.Inverse( 40.6, -73.8, 51.6, -0.5), nl=1) # GDict(M12=0.64473, M21=0.645046, S12=40041368848742.53125, a12=49.94131, azi1=51.198883, azi2=107.821777, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.6, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-0.5, m12=4877684.602706, s12=5551759.400319) printf('Inverse1: %r', gS.Inverse1(40.6, -73.8, 51.6, -0.5)) # 49.94131021789904 printf('Inverse3: %r', gS.Inverse3(40.6, -73.8, 51.6, -0.5)) # Distance3Tuple(distance=5551759.400319, initial=51.198883, final=107.821777) glS = GeodesicLineSolve(gS, 40.6, -73.8, 51) p = glS.Position(5.5e6) printf('Position: %s %r', p == r, p, nl=1) p = glS.ArcPosition(49.475527) printf('ArcPosition: %s %r', p == r, p) # % python3 -m pygeodesy.geodsolve # version: /opt/local/Cellar/geographiclib/1.51/bin/GeodSolve: GeographicLib version 1.51 # # Direct: GDict(M12=0.650911, M21=0.651229, S12=39735075134877.09375, a12=49.475527, azi1=51.0, azi2=107.189397, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.884565, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-1.141173, m12=4844148.703101, s12=5500000.0) # Direct3: Destination3Tuple(lat=51.884565, lon=-1.141173, final=107.189397) # # Inverse: GDict(M12=0.64473, M21=0.645046, S12=40041368848742.53125, a12=49.94131, azi1=51.198883, azi2=107.821777, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.6, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-0.5, m12=4877684.602706, s12=5551759.400319) # Inverse1: 49.94131021789904 # Inverse3: Distance3Tuple(distance=5551759.400319, initial=51.198883, final=107.821777) # # Position: True GDict(M12=0.650911, M21=0.651229, S12=39735075134877.09375, a12=49.475527, azi1=51.0, azi2=107.189397, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.884565, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-1.141173, m12=4844148.703101, s12=5500000.0) # ArcPosition: False GDict(M12=0.650911, M21=0.651229, S12=39735074737272.734375, a12=49.475527, azi1=51.0, azi2=107.189397, lat1=40.6, lat2=51.884565, lon1=-73.8, lon2=-1.141174, m12=4844148.669561, s12=5499999.948497) # **) MIT License # # Copyright (C) 2016-2022 -- mrJean1 at Gmail -- All Rights Reserved. # # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a # copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), # to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation # the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, # and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the # Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: # # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included # in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS # OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL # THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR # OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, # ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR # OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.