PMID- 23184105
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130204
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Print)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 130
IP  - 6
DP  - 2012 Dec
TI  - Pesticide exposure in children.
PG  - e1765-88
LID - 10.1542/peds.2012-2758 [doi]
AB  - Pesticides are a collective term for a wide array of chemicals intended to kill 
      unwanted insects, plants, molds, and rodents. Food, water, and treatment in the 
      home, yard, and school are all potential sources of children's exposure. Exposures 
      to pesticides may be overt or subacute, and effects range from acute to chronic 
      toxicity. In 2008, pesticides were the ninth most common substance reported to 
      poison control centers, and approximately 45% of all reports of pesticide poisoning 
      were for children. Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning are perhaps the most 
      widely known acute poisoning syndromes, can be diagnosed by depressed red blood cell 
      cholinesterase levels, and have available antidotal therapy. However, numerous other 
      pesticides that may cause acute toxicity, such as pyrethroid and neonicotinoid 
      insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and rodenticides, also have specific toxic 
      effects; recognition of these effects may help identify acute exposures. Evidence is 
      increasingly emerging about chronic health implications from both acute and chronic 
      exposure. A growing body of epidemiological evidence demonstrates associations 
      between parental use of pesticides, particularly insecticides, with acute 
      lymphocytic leukemia and brain tumors. Prenatal, household, and occupational 
      exposures (maternal and paternal) appear to be the largest risks. Prospective cohort 
      studies link early-life exposure to organophosphates and organochlorine pesticides 
      (primarily DDT) with adverse effects on neurodevelopment and behavior. Among the 
      findings associated with increased pesticide levels are poorer mental development by 
      using the Bayley index and increased scores on measures assessing pervasive 
      developmental disorder, inattention, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 
      Related animal toxicology studies provide supportive biological plausibility for 
      these findings. Additional data suggest that there may also be an association 
      between parental pesticide use and adverse birth outcomes including physical birth 
      defects, low birth weight, and fetal death, although the data are less robust than 
      for cancer and neurodevelopmental effects. Children's exposures to pesticides should 
      be limited as much as possible.
FAU - Roberts, James R
AU  - Roberts JR
FAU - Karr, Catherine J
AU  - Karr CJ
CN  - Council On Environmental Health
LA  - eng
GR  - U61 TS000238/TS/ATSDR CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Technical Report
DEP - 20121126
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
EIN - Pediatrics. 2013 May;131(5):1013-4
MH  - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/etiology
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/chemically induced
MH  - Child
MH  - Curriculum
MH  - Developmental Disabilities/chemically induced
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Death
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Insecticides/poisoning/toxicity
MH  - Leukemia/chemically induced
MH  - Neoplasms/chemically induced
MH  - Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pediatrics/education
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning/*toxicity
MH  - Poisoning/diagnosis/etiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC5813803
MID - NIHMS937558
COIS- This document is copyrighted and is property of the American Academy of Pediatrics 
      and its Board of Directors. All authors have filed conflict of interest statements 
      with the American Academy of Pediatrics. Any conflicts have been resolved through a 
      process approved by the Board of Directors. The American Academy of Pediatrics has 
      neither solicited nor accepted any commercial involvement in the development of the 
      content of this publication.
EDAT- 2012/11/28 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/05 06:00
CRDT- 2012/11/28 06:00
PHST- 2012/11/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/11/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - peds.2012-2758 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2012-2758 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2012 Dec;130(6):e1765-88. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-2758. Epub 2012 Nov 26.

PMID- 32598326
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200924
LR  - 20200924
IS  - 2191-0308 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-7554 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 3
DP  - 2020 Sep 25
TI  - Impact of pesticide exposure in childhood.
PG  - 221-227
LID - 10.1515/reveh-2020-0011 [doi]
AB  - Pesticides represent a wide variety of chemicals presented as different formulations 
      and concentrations and used in different settings: agriculture, animal sanitary 
      bath, domestic use, and vector control. Lack of awareness, poor agricultural 
      practices, and inappropriate disposal of containers will increase the exposure and 
      risk of health effects during childhood. The concern about children's exposure to 
      pesticides is based on their toxic properties and the special vulnerability to the 
      exposure, which may occur in different stages, from the prenatal period to infancy. 
      Pesticide related diseases may manifest during the infancy, adolescence, or 
      adulthood. Children may be exposed by multiple routes of exposure, in different 
      scenarios. In domestic settings, insecticides and rodenticides are usually stored 
      within the reach of children, or may be transferred to non-original containers, 
      leading to acute non intentional ingestion. Exploratory behavior increases the risk 
      for exposure to pesticides present on the ground. Gardens and playgrounds may have 
      pesticides residues. Children may be in contact with domestic animals that have been 
      treated with pesticides. In rural settings, children can be exposed to pesticide 
      residues in areas where they have been applied, or by contamination of work 
      equipment and parents clothing. Families dedicated to rural activity have higher 
      levels of exposure, through ingesting contaminated fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs, 
      and water. Several studies confirmed pesticide exposure in children by 
      biomonitoring. Higher levels of organophosphate metabolites have been reported in 
      children compared to adult populations. Toxic effects of pesticides depend on their 
      intrinsic toxic properties as well as on the dose, duration, and life period of 
      exposure. Acute poisonings are related to high doses exposure, while chronic, subtle 
      and delayed effects are often related to low levels/doses exposure. Epidemiologic, 
      animal, and clinical studies suggest an association between chronic, low-level 
      exposures and alterations in growth and development (particularly impaired 
      neurobehavioral development), cancer and increased susceptibility to infections. New 
      research presents evidence that some pesticides are a risk factor of a wide range of 
      acute and chronic diseases. Better practices and public health policies are needed 
      to prevent and protect children from pesticides exposure.
FAU - Pascale, Antonio
AU  - Pascale A
AD  - Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, 
      Montevideo, Uruguay.
FAU - Laborde, Amalia
AU  - Laborde A
AD  - Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, 
      Montevideo, Uruguay.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Germany
TA  - Rev Environ Health
JT  - Reviews on environmental health
JID - 0425754
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Risk Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - children
OT  - diseases
OT  - exposure
OT  - pesticides
OT  - poisoning
EDAT- 2020/07/01 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/25 06:00
CRDT- 2020/06/30 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/06/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - /j/reveh.ahead-of-print/reveh-2020-0011/reveh-2020-0011.xml [pii]
AID - 10.1515/reveh-2020-0011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Environ Health. 2020 Sep 25;35(3):221-227. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0011.

PMID- 23184103
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130204
LR  - 20121203
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 130
IP  - 6
DP  - 2012 Dec
TI  - Pesticide exposure in children.
PG  - e1757-63
LID - 10.1542/peds.2012-2757 [doi]
AB  - This statement presents the position of the American Academy of Pediatrics on 
      pesticides. Pesticides are a collective term for chemicals intended to kill unwanted 
      insects, plants, molds, and rodents. Children encounter pesticides daily and have 
      unique susceptibilities to their potential toxicity. Acute poisoning risks are 
      clear, and understanding of chronic health implications from both acute and chronic 
      exposure are emerging. Epidemiologic evidence demonstrates associations between 
      early life exposure to pesticides and pediatric cancers, decreased cognitive 
      function, and behavioral problems. Related animal toxicology studies provide 
      supportive biological plausibility for these findings. Recognizing and reducing 
      problematic exposures will require attention to current inadequacies in medical 
      training, public health tracking, and regulatory action on pesticides. Ongoing 
      research describing toxicologic vulnerabilities and exposure factors across the life 
      span are needed to inform regulatory needs and appropriate interventions. Policies 
      that promote integrated pest management, comprehensive pesticide labeling, and 
      marketing practices that incorporate child health considerations will enhance safe 
      use.
CN  - Council On Environmental Health
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20121126
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior Disorders/chemically induced/prevention & control
MH  - Cognition Disorders/chemically induced/prevention & control
MH  - Curriculum
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects/prevention & control
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intelligence/drug effects
MH  - Neoplasms/chemically induced/prevention & control
MH  - Pediatrics/education
MH  - Pesticides/poisoning/*toxicity
MH  - Poison Control Centers
MH  - Population Surveillance
MH  - Product Labeling
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - United States
EDAT- 2012/11/28 06:00
MHDA- 2013/02/05 06:00
CRDT- 2012/11/28 06:00
PHST- 2012/11/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/11/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/02/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - peds.2012-2757 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2012-2757 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2012 Dec;130(6):e1757-63. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-2757. Epub 2012 Nov 26.

PMID- 30685774
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190806
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 2008-6814 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-6520 (Print)
IS  - 2008-6520 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Jan
TI  - Pesticide Exposure and Stunting among Children in Agricultural Areas.
PG  - 17-29
LID - 1428 [pii]
LID - 10.15171/ijoem.2019.1428 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of growth disorders among school-aged children in 
      Indonesia is high (30.7%). Pesticides have been massively used in Indonesian 
      agricultural areas. OBJECTIVE: To determine if exposure to pesticides is associated 
      with stunting among children in agricultural areas. METHODS: This case-control study 
      included 160 children (48 cases and 112 controls) aged 8-12 years. Exposure to 
      pesticides was measured based on the history of the exposure since perinatal period, 
      infancy, and childhood of the participants. Stunting was determined as a height for 
      age z-score (HAZ) < ‑2 SD. Other variables measured were levels of thyroid 
      stimulating hormone (TSH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hemoglobin, zinc, 
      albumin, nutrient adequacy level (energy and protein), and history of infection, 
      low-birth weight (LBW), and mother's height. RESULTS: There were no significant 
      difference between the cases and controls in terms of in the baseline 
      characteristics, except for the median IGF-1 level; it was significantly (p<0.001) 
      lower in the cases (66.73 ng/mL) than the controls (112.57 ng/mL). High level of 
      pesticide exposure (p=0.029) and low IGF-1 levels (p<0.001) were significantly 
      associated with stunting. After adjusting for confounding variables, these variables 
      were found to be independent risk factors for stunting in children (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 
      1.15 to 13.26; and aOR 8.35, 95% CI 3.65 to 19.14, respectively). CONCLUSION: 
      Pesticide exposure could be a risk factor for the occurrence of growth disorders in 
      children living in agricultural areas. Necessary actions should be taken to protect 
      children living in agricultural areas from exposure to pesticides.
FAU - Kartini, Apoina
AU  - Kartini A
AD  - Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro 
      University, Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Subagio, Hertanto W
AU  - Subagio HW
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 
      Indonesia.
FAU - Hadisaputro, Suharyo
AU  - Hadisaputro S
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Kartasurya, Martha I
AU  - Kartasurya MI
AD  - Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro 
      University, Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Suhartono, Suhartono
AU  - Suhartono S
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia. suhartono_damas@yahoo.com.
FAU - Budiyono, Budiyono
AU  - Budiyono B
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TA  - Int J Occup Environ Med
JT  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 101535763
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Growth Disorders/*chemically induced
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC6522210
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Child
OT  - *Growth disorders
OT  - *Pesticides
COIS- None declared.
EDAT- 2019/01/28 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/07 06:00
CRDT- 2019/01/28 06:00
PHST- 2018/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/12/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/01/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/01/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1428 [pii]
AID - 10.15171/ijoem.2019.1428 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Jan;10(1):17-29. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2019.1428.

PMID- 28437652
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170627
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 156
DP  - 2017 Jul
TI  - Review of take-home pesticide exposure pathway in children living in agricultural 
      areas.
PG  - 559-570
LID - S0013-9351(17)30069-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.017 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children of farmworkers may be chronically exposed to pesticides via the 
      take-home exposure pathway. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review was to analyze 
      scientific literature evaluating the role of the take-home pesticide exposure 
      pathway in children of agricultural workers. METHODS: A systematic review was 
      undertaken and inclusion criteria were applied to identify original articles of 
      interest. Of the 30 articles included in this review, some belonged to the same 
      studies, resulting in a total of 23 studies. Eight studies assessed environmental 
      samples, nine collected biological samples, and the remaining six analyzed both. 
      Eleven studies compared pesticide levels between farm and non-farm families. 
      RESULTS: There is convincing evidence that children of farmworkers are exposed to 
      pesticides at higher levels than "non-agricultural" children, even when residing in 
      the same agricultural communities. These levels were shown to depend on the season, 
      occupation, number of farmworkers per home, and type of crops. Other factors such as 
      age, gender and, sex seem to also influence this pathway. Some studies have shown 
      that pesticides used solely in agriculture are found only in households of 
      farmworkers spraying these pesticides. Moreover, intervention studies have shown 
      that behaviors among farmworkers can significantly lower exposure of people living 
      in the same households as farmworkers. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The evidence 
      presented here raises concerns regarding health effects associated with exposure to 
      pesticides in children living in agricultural communities, and indicates that 
      strategies should be developed to reduce exposures in these populations.
CI  - Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Hyland, Carly
AU  - Hyland C
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
FAU - Laribi, Ouahiba
AU  - Laribi O
AD  - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, CalEPA, Oakland, CA, USA. 
      Electronic address: ouahiba.laribi@oehha.ca.gov.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20170426
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agricultural
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Farmworker
OT  - *Organophosphates
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Take-home exposure
EDAT- 2017/04/25 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/28 06:00
CRDT- 2017/04/25 06:00
PHST- 2017/01/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/04/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/04/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/25 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(17)30069-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2017 Jul;156:559-570. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 Apr 
      26.

PMID- 33385842
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210125
LR  - 20211129
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Print)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 763
DP  - 2021 Apr 1
TI  - Pesticide exposure among Latinx children: Comparison of children in rural, 
      farmworker and urban, non-farmworker communities.
PG  - 144233
LID - S0048-9697(20)37764-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144233 [doi]
AB  - Personal pesticide exposure is not well characterized among children in vulnerable, 
      immigrant communities. We used silicone wristbands in 2018-2019 to assess pesticide 
      exposure in 8 year old Latinx boys and girls in rural, farmworker families (n = 73) 
      and urban, non-farmworker families (n = 60) living in North Carolina who were 
      enrolled in the PACE5 Study, a community-based participatory research study. We 
      determined the detection and concentrations (ng/g) of 75 pesticides and pesticide 
      degradation products in the silicone wristbands worn for one week using gas 
      chromatography electron capture detection and employed gas chromatography mass 
      spectrometry. Differences by personal and family characteristics were tested using 
      analysis of variance or Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests when necessary. Pesticide 
      concentrations above the limit of detection were analyzed, and reported as geometric 
      means and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The most frequently detected pesticide 
      classes were organochlorines (85.7%), pyrethroids (65.4%), and organophosphates 
      (59.4%), with the most frequently detected specific pesticides being alpha-chlordane 
      (69.2%), trans-nonachlor (67.7%), gamma-chlordane (66.2%), chlorpyrifos (54.9%), 
      cypermethrin (49.6%), and trans-permethrin (39.1%). More of those children in urban, 
      non-farmworker families had detections of organochlorines (93.3% vs. 79.5, 
      p = 0.0228) and pyrethroids (75.0% vs. 57.5%, p = 0.0351) than did those in rural, 
      farmworker families; more children in rural, farmworker families had detections for 
      organophosphates (71.2% vs. 45.0%, p= 0.0022). Children in urban, non-farmworker 
      families had greater concentrations of alpha-chlordane (geometric mean (GM) 18.98, 
      95% CI 14.14, 25.47 vs. 10.25, 95% CI 7.49, 14.03; p= 0.0055) and dieldrin (GM 
      17.38, 95% CI 12.78 23.62 vs. 8.10, 95% CI 5.47, 12.00; p= 0.0034) than did children 
      in rural, farmworker families. These results support the position that pesticides 
      are ubiquitous in the living environment for children in vulnerable, immigrant 
      communities, and argue for greater effort in documenting the widespread nature of 
      pesticide exposure among children, with greater effort to reduce pesticide exposure.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Arcury, Thomas A
AU  - Arcury TA
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest 
      School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. Electronic address: 
      tarcury@wakehealth.edu.
FAU - Chen, Haiying
AU  - Chen H
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. Electronic address: 
      hchen@wakehealth.edu.
FAU - Quandt, Sara A
AU  - Quandt SA
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, 
      USA. Electronic address: squandt@wakehealth.edu.
FAU - Talton, Jennifer W
AU  - Talton JW
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. Electronic address: 
      jtalton@wakehealth.edu.
FAU - Anderson, Kim A
AU  - Anderson KA
AD  - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 2750 
      SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address: 
      kim.anderson@oregonstate.edu.
FAU - Scott, Richard P
AU  - Scott RP
AD  - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 2750 
      SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address: 
      richard.scott@oregonstate.edu.
FAU - Jensen, Anna
AU  - Jensen A
AD  - North Carolina Farmworkers Project, 1238 NC Highway 50 S, Benson, NC 27504, USA. 
      Electronic address: annaj@ncfwp.org.
FAU - Laurienti, Paul J
AU  - Laurienti PJ
AD  - Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, 
      USA. Electronic address: plaurien@wakehealth.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P42 ES016465/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES008739/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201229
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - North Carolina
MH  - *Occupational Exposure/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
PMC - PMC7855950
MID - NIHMS1658667
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Community-based participatory research
OT  - Exposure assessment
OT  - Farmworkers
OT  - Health equity
OT  - Personal monitoring
OT  - Pesticides
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial 
      interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing 
      interests: Kim Anderson, an author of this research, discloses a financial interest 
      in MyExposure, which is marketing products related research reported in this paper. 
      The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by Oregon State 
      University in accordance with its policy on research conflicts of interest. None of 
      the other authors declares any actual or potential competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2021/01/02 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/26 06:00
PMCR- 2022/04/01
CRDT- 2021/01/01 20:13
PHST- 2020/08/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/11/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
PHST- 2021/01/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 20:13 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(20)37764-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144233 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 1;763:144233. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144233. Epub 
      2020 Dec 29.

PMID- 15060196
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040601
LR  - 20051116
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 113
IP  - 4 Suppl
DP  - 2004 Apr
TI  - Pesticides.
PG  - 1030-6
AB  - Pesticides are a broad group of heterogeneous chemicals that have a significant 
      public health benefit by increasing food production productivity and decreasing 
      food-borne and vector-borne diseases. However, depending on the agent and the 
      exposure, they may pose health risks. Because of their behavior, acute accidental 
      toxic exposures occur more commonly in children. Because of the dietary habits and 
      greater intake of foods per kilogram in children and because some infants are 
      breastfed, there is also concern about the effects on them of low-level 
      environmental exposures. In the absence of direct conclusive evidence, consistent 
      and relevant observations have led some investigators to infer that chronic low-dose 
      exposure to certain pesticides might pose a potential hazard to the health and 
      development of infants and children. Other investigators have concluded that such 
      inferences can be neither supported nor refuted at the present time. The 
      pediatrician has a role to play in recognizing the symptoms of acute exposure and to 
      be able to provide appropriate treatment. It is essential to study whether there are 
      subtle neurologic effects that may result from low-level pesticide exposures in 
      individual patients.
FAU - Weiss, Bernard
AU  - Weiss B
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and 
      Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. bernard_weiss@urmc.rochester.edu
FAU - Amler, Sherlita
AU  - Amler S
FAU - Amler, Robert W
AU  - Amler RW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Body Burden
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior/drug effects
MH  - Diet
MH  - Endocrine System/drug effects
MH  - Environmental Exposure/prevention & control
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/toxicity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*etiology
MH  - Pesticide Residues
MH  - Pesticides/classification/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Physician's Role
RF  - 72
EDAT- 2004/04/03 05:00
MHDA- 2004/06/02 05:00
CRDT- 2004/04/03 05:00
PHST- 2004/04/03 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/06/02 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/04/03 05:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2004 Apr;113(4 Suppl):1030-6.

PMID- 33171379
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210421
LR  - 20210421
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 146
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Association of activities related to pesticide exposure on headache severity and 
      neurodevelopment of school-children in the rural agricultural farmlands of the 
      Western Cape of South Africa.
PG  - 106237
LID - S0160-4120(20)32192-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106237 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents living in agricultural areas are likely to be 
      exposed to mixtures of pesticides during their daily activities, which may impair 
      their neurodevelopment. We investigated various such activities in relation to 
      headache severity and neurodevelopment of school-children living in rural 
      agricultural areas in the Western Cape of South Africa. METHOD: We used baseline 
      date from 1001 school-children of the Child Health Agricultural Pesticide Cohort 
      Study in South Africa (CapSA) aged 9-16 from seven schools and three agriculture 
      areas in the Western Cape. Questionnaires were administrated to assess activities 
      related to pesticide exposure and health symptoms addressing four types of 
      activities: 1) child farm activities related to pesticide handling, 2) eating crops 
      directly from the field, 3) contact with surface water around the field, and 4) seen 
      and smelt pesticide spraying activities. Neurocognitive performance across three 
      domains of attention, memory and processing speed were assessed by means of an 
      iPad-based cognitive assessment tool, Cambridge Automated NeuroPsychological Battery 
      (CANTAB). Headache severity was enquired using a standard Headache Impact Test 
      (HIT-6) tool. Cross-sectional regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: About 50% 
      of the cohort report to have ever been engaged in activities related to pesticide 
      exposure including farm activities, eating crops directly from the field and leisure 
      activities. Headache severity score was consistently increased in relation to 
      pesticide-related farm activities (score increase of 1.99; 95% CI: 0.86, 3.12), 
      eating crops (1.52; 0.41, 2.67) and leisure activities of playing, swimming or 
      bathing in nearby water (1.25; 0.18, 2.33). For neurocognitive outcomes, an overall 
      negative trend with pesticide exposure-related activities was observed. Among 
      others, involvement in pesticide-related farm activities was associated with a lower 
      multi-tasking accuracy score (-2.74; -5.19, -0.29), while lower strategy in spatial 
      working memory (-0.29; -0.56; -0.03) and lower paired associated learning (-0.88; 
      -1.60, -0.17) was observed for those who pick crops off the field compared to those 
      who do not pick crops off the field. Eating fruits directly from the vineyard or 
      orchard was associated with a lower motor screening speed (-0.06; -0.11, -0.01) and 
      lower rapid visual processing accuracy score (-0.02; -0.03, 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Children who indicate activities related to pesticide exposure may be at higher risk 
      for developing headaches and lower cognitive performance in the domains of 
      attention, memory and processing speed. However, self-reported data and 
      cross-sectional design are a limitation. Future research in CapSA will consider 
      pesticide exposure estimations via urinary biomarkers and longitudinal assessment of 
      cognitive functions.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chetty-Mhlanga, Shala
AU  - Chetty-Mhlanga S
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Swiss Tropical and Public 
      Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Switzerland. Electronic 
      address: sh.mhlanga@swisstph.ch.
FAU - Fuhrimann, Samuel
AU  - Fuhrimann S
AD  - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, 
      Netherlands. Electronic address: s.fuhrimann@uu.nl.
FAU - Basera, Wisdom
AU  - Basera W
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Eeftens, Marloes
AU  - Eeftens M
AD  - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, 
      Switzerland. Electronic address: marloes.eeftens@swisstph.ch.
FAU - Röösli, Martin
AU  - Röösli M
AD  - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, 
      Switzerland. Electronic address: martin.roosli@swisstph.ch.
FAU - Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel
AU  - Dalvie MA
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: 
      aqiel.dalvie@uct.ac.za.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201107
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Farms
MH  - Headache/chemically induced/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Schools
MH  - South Africa
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Activities
OT  - *Headaches
OT  - *Neurodevelopment
OT  - *Pesticide exposure
OT  - *Rural
OT  - *School-going children
EDAT- 2020/11/11 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/22 06:00
CRDT- 2020/11/10 20:12
PHST- 2020/07/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/10 20:12 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(20)32192-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106237 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106237. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106237. Epub 2020 Nov 
      7.

PMID- 32045778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200914
LR  - 20200914
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 137
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Dietary exposure to pesticide residues and associated health risks in infants and 
      young children - Results of the French infant total diet study.
PG  - 105529
LID - S0160-4120(19)32966-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105529 [doi]
AB  - A total diet study (TDS) was undertaken to estimate the chronic dietary exposure to 
      pesticide residues and health risks for the French infants and young children below 
      3 years old. As a whole, 516 pesticides and metabolites were analysed in 309 food 
      composite samples including 219 manufactured baby foods and 90 common foods, which 
      cover 97% of infants and young children's diet. These composite samples were 
      prepared using 5,484 food products purchased during all seasons from 2011 to 2012 
      and processed as consumed. Pesticide residues were detected in 67% of the samples 
      and quantified in 27% of the baby food samples and in 60% of the common foods. 
      Seventy-eight different pesticides were detected and 37 of these quantified at 
      levels ranging from 0.02 to 594 µg/kg. The most frequently detected pesticides 
      (greater than 5% samples) were (1) the fungicides 2-phenylphenol, azoxystrobin, 
      boscalid, captan and its metabolite tetrahydrophthalimide, carbendazim, cyprodinil, 
      difenoconazole, dodine, imazalil, metalaxyl, tebuconazole, thiabendazole, (2) the 
      insecticides acetamiprid, pirimiphos-methyl and thiacloprid, (3) the herbicide 
      metribuzin and (4) the synergist piperonyl butoxide. Dietary intakes were estimated 
      for each of the 705 individuals studied and for 431 pesticides incl. 281 with a 
      toxicological reference value (TRV). In the lower-bound scenario, which tends to 
      underestimate the exposure, the TRV were never exceeded. In the upper-bound scenario 
      that overestimates exposure, the estimated intakes exceeded the TRV for dieldrin and 
      lindane (two persistent organic pollutants) and propylene thiourea, a metabolite of 
      propineb. For these three substances, more sensitive analyses are needed to refine 
      the assessment. For 17 other detected and/or prioritised pesticides, the risk could 
      not be characterised due to the lack of a valid TRV, of certain food analyses or the 
      absence of analytical standards for their metabolites.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Nougadère, Alexandre
AU  - Nougadère A
AD  - European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43126 Parma, Italy; 
      ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France. Electronic address: alexandre.nougadere@efsa.europa.eu.
FAU - Sirot, Véronique
AU  - Sirot V
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
FAU - Cravedi, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Cravedi JP
AD  - UMR1331 Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology) INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 
      Toulouse, France.
FAU - Vasseur, Paule
AU  - Vasseur P
AD  - University of Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7360 LIEC, F-57070 Metz, France.
FAU - Feidt, Cyril
AU  - Feidt C
AD  - URAFPA, Université de Lorraine, INRA, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
FAU - Fussell, Richard J
AU  - Fussell RJ
AD  - Food and Environment Research Agency, Fera, Sand Hutton, York, UK.
FAU - Hu, Renwei
AU  - Hu R
AD  - INOVALYS, Official Laboratory of Analysis, Le Mans, France.
FAU - Leblanc, Jean-Charles
AU  - Leblanc JC
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
FAU - Jean, Julien
AU  - Jean J
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
FAU - Rivière, Gilles
AU  - Rivière G
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
FAU - Sarda, Xavier
AU  - Sarda X
AD  - ANSES, Regulated Products Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
FAU - Merlo, Mathilde
AU  - Merlo M
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France; French Ministry of Health, Directorate General of Health, 14 
      Avenue Duquesne, 75007 Paris, France.
FAU - Hulin, Marion
AU  - Hulin M
AD  - ANSES, Risk Assessment Department, 14 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-94701 
      Maisons-Alfort, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200208
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diet
MH  - *Dietary Exposure
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - *Pesticide Residues
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Exposure assessment
OT  - *Food safety
OT  - *Infants and young children
OT  - *Pesticide residues
OT  - *Risk characterization
OT  - *Total diet study
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/02/12 06:00
PHST- 2019/08/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/12/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/01/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)32966-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105529 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2020 Apr;137:105529. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105529. Epub 2020 Feb 
      8.

PMID- 31387069
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200323
LR  - 20200323
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 176
DP  - 2019 Sep
TI  - Adverse effects of hexaclorobenzene exposure in children and adolescents.
PG  - 108421
LID - S0013-9351(19)30193-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.059 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB: C₆Cl₆) is a persistent, bioaccumulative chemical 
      formerly used worldwide in pesticide mixtures but also produced as a by-product in 
      the chemical and metallurgical industry. Despite current international restrictions 
      in the use and production of HCB, the majority of the general population still show 
      detectable levels of HCB, which raises concerns on the potential health implications 
      of the exposure. OBJECTIVE: To compile and synthesize the available scientific 
      evidence regarding the adverse effects of exposure to HCB in children and 
      adolescents. METHODS: A review of the literature focused on the adverse effects of 
      HCB exposure in children. Eligible studies were systematically screened from 
      searches in Medline, Scopus and Ebsco-host databases. A total of 62 studies were 
      finally included. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In our search we found evidences of 
      potential health effects linked to HCB exposure at different levels (e.g. 
      neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, immunotoxic, hepatotoxic and toxicogenomic), although the 
      conclusions are still contradictory. Further prospective research is needed, 
      considering the special vulnerability of children and adolescent population as well 
      as the ubiquity of the exposure.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Casadó, Lina
AU  - Casadó L
AD  - Department of Nursing, Medical Anthropology Research Centre (MARC), University 
      Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. Electronic address: linacristina.casado@urv.cat.
FAU - Arrebola, Juan Pedro
AU  - Arrebola JP
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, 
      Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales 
      Universitarios de Granada, Spain, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 
      Spain. Electronic address: jparrebola@ugr.es.
FAU - Fontalba, Andrés
AU  - Fontalba A
AD  - Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare Area, Andalusian Health Service, Antequera, 
      Spain, Department of Nursing, Medicine and Physiotherapy, Almeria University, 
      Almería, Spain.
FAU - Muñoz, Araceli
AU  - Muñoz A
AD  - School of Social Work, Food Observatory (ODELA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 
      Spain, Medical Anthropology Research Centre (MARC), University Rovira i Virgili, 
      Tarragona, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190327
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 4Z87H0LKUY (Hexachlorobenzene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - *Hexachlorobenzene/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
EDAT- 2019/08/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/24 06:00
CRDT- 2019/08/07 06:00
PHST- 2018/12/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/08/07 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30193-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.059 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Sep;176:108421. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.059. Epub 2019 Mar 
      27.

PMID- 32386510
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210624
LR  - 20210624
IS  - 2046-4053 (Electronic)
IS  - 2046-4053 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 May 9
TI  - Association between pesticide exposure and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) polymorphisms, and 
      neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review.
PG  - 109
LID - 10.1186/s13643-020-01330-9 [doi]
LID - 109
AB  - Environmental factors such as pollution, pesticide exposure and socio-demographic 
      location have been implicated as a pressure capable of altering genetic make-up. 
      Altered genetic sequence of genes encoding enzymes may result in single nucleotide 
      polymorphism (SNP). Of peculiar interest is the genetic variance on the 
      paraoxonase-1 gene induced by pre- and postnatal exposure to pesticides. SNP have 
      been reported on the paraoxonase-1 gene and post-xenobiotic exposure and are 
      presumed to alter gene sequence and ultimately enzymatic activity. The altered 
      enzymatic activity may facilitate neurodevelopment disorders. Autism spectrum 
      disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are among the 
      neurodevelopment disorders of which prevalence is concurrently associated with 
      increasing environmental xenobiotic exposure. The variance on xenobiotic 
      metabolising genes is associated with altered neurodevelopment outcome and 
      ultimately altered neurobehavioural outcome. Prime interests of this systematic 
      review were to establish an understanding of the sequences on the paraoxonase-1 gene 
      associated with adverse neurobehavioural outcome. An in-depth literature search was 
      conducted using the term combination "pesticide exposure, pre- and postnatal 
      exposure, organophosphates/organophosphorus, single nucleotide polymorphism, 
      paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), neurodevelopment/neurobehavioural outcome in child/infant". 
      Articles published from the year 2000 to 2018 were considered for review. The result 
      showed that variance on the PON1-108 and 192 alleles could be implicated in the 
      development of altered neurobehavioural outcomes.
FAU - Banhela, Nkosinathi
AU  - Banhela N
AD  - Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College 
      of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, 
      4000, South Africa. 207511537@stu.ukzn.ac.za.
FAU - Naidoo, Pragalathan
AU  - Naidoo P
AD  - Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory 
      Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, 
      Durban, 4000, South Africa.
FAU - Naidoo, Saloshni
AU  - Naidoo S
AD  - Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College 
      of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, 
      4000, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20200509
TA  - Syst Rev
JT  - Systematic reviews
JID - 101580575
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (Aryldialkylphosphatase)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (PON1 protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aryldialkylphosphatase/genetics
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
PMC - PMC7211330
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Genotype
OT  - *Neurobehavioural outcome
OT  - *Neurodevelopment
OT  - *Organophosphate
OT  - *Paraoxonase-1
OT  - *Pesticide exposure
OT  - *Single nucleotide polymorphism
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/05/11 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/25 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/11 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/05/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s13643-020-01330-9 [pii]
AID - 1330 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s13643-020-01330-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Syst Rev. 2020 May 9;9(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13643-020-01330-9.

PMID- 29995019
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181024
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 2008-6814 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-6520 (Print)
IS  - 2008-6520 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Jul
TI  - Pesticide Exposure and Thyroid Function in Elementary School Children Living in an 
      Agricultural Area, Brebes District, Indonesia.
PG  - 137-144
LID - 1207 [pii]
LID - 10.15171/ijoem.2018.1207 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children living in agricultural areas are at risk of exposure to 
      pesticides due to their involvement in agricultural activities. Pesticides are one 
      of the chemicals classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals. OBJECTIVE: To examine 
      the association between exposure to organophosphate pesticides and the occurrence of 
      thyroid dysfunction in children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted 
      on 66 children in two elementary schools located in an agricultural area in Brebes 
      District, Indonesia, in 2015. To determine the pesticide exposure history, we 
      analyzed urine samples and completed a questionnaire. Meanwhile, thyroid function 
      tests were performed. RESULTS: Organophosphate pesticide metabolites were detected 
      in urine samples of 15 (23%) of 66 children. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 
      levels >4.5 μIU/mL were detected in 24 (36%) children. Free thyroxine (FT4) levels 
      of all participants were normal. The mean TSH level in children with positive 
      urinary organophosphate pesticide metabolites (7.74 μIU/ mL) was significantly 
      (p=0.005) higher than that in those who were negative (4.34 μIU/mL). The prevalence 
      of hypothyroidism in children with positive urinary organophosphate pesticide 
      metabolites (67%) was significantly higher than that in those who were negative 
      (27%; PR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.3). CONCLUSION: A history of pesticide exposure could 
      be used as a risk factor for the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction in children 
      living in agricultural areas.
FAU - Suhartono, Suhartono
AU  - Suhartono S
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia. suhartono_damas@yahoo.com.
FAU - Kartini, Apoina
AU  - Kartini A
AD  - Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro 
      University, Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Subagio, Hertanto Wahyu
AU  - Subagio HW
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 
      Indonesia.
FAU - Budiyono, Budiyono
AU  - Budiyono B
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Utari, Agustini
AU  - Utari A
AD  - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Diponegoro National Hospital, 
      Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.
FAU - Suratman, Suratman
AU  - Suratman S
AD  - Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman 
      University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
FAU - Sakundarno, Mateus
AU  - Sakundarno M
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, 
      Semarang, Indonesia.
AD  - School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TA  - Int J Occup Environ Med
JT  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 101535763
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Indonesia/epidemiology
MH  - Insecticides/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity/urine
MH  - Population
MH  - Rural Population/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Schools/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Students/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Thyroid Function Tests
MH  - Thyroid Gland/drug effects/*physiology
PMC - PMC6466981
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Child
OT  - *Hypothyroidism
OT  - *Indonesia
OT  - *Organophosphates
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Thyroid function test
COIS- None declared.
EDAT- 2018/07/12 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/26 06:00
CRDT- 2018/07/12 06:00
PHST- 2017/11/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/04/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1207 [pii]
AID - 10.15171/ijoem.2018.1207 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Occup Environ Med. 2018 Jul;9(3):137-144. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2018.1207.

PMID- 32106530
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201013
LR  - 20201013
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 5
DP  - 2020 Feb 25
TI  - Characterizing the Neurodevelopmental Pesticide Exposome in a Children's 
      Agricultural Cohort.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph17051479 [doi]
LID - 1479
AB  - The exposome provides a conceptual model for identifying and characterizing lifetime 
      environmental exposures and resultant health effects. In this study, we applied key 
      exposome concepts to look specifically at the neurodevelopmental pesticide exposome, 
      which focuses on exposures to pesticides that have the potential to cause an adverse 
      neurodevelopmental impact. Using household dust samples from a children's 
      agricultural cohort located in the Yakima Valley of Washington state, we identified 
      87 individual pesticides using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A 
      total of 47 of these have evidence of neurotoxicity included in the Environmental 
      Protection Agency (EPA) (re)registration materials. We used a mixed effects model to 
      model trends in pesticide exposure. Over the two study years (2005 and 2011), we 
      demonstrate a significant decrease in the neurodevelopmental pesticide exposome 
      across the cohort, but particularly among farmworker households. Additional analysis 
      with a non-parametric binomial analysis that weighted the levels of potentially 
      neurotoxic pesticides detected in household dust by their reference doses revealed 
      that the decrease in potentially neurotoxic pesticides was largely a result of 
      decreases in some of the most potent neurotoxicants. Overall, this study provides 
      evidence that the neurodevelopmental pesticide exposome framework is a useful tool 
      in assessing the effectiveness of specific interventions in reducing exposure as 
      well as setting priorities for future targeted actions.
FAU - Bennett, Breana
AU  - Bennett B
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Workman, Tomomi
AU  - Workman T
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Smith, Marissa N
AU  - Smith MN
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Griffith, William C
AU  - Griffith WC
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Thompson, Beti
AU  - Thompson B
AD  - Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Faustman EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - 5P01ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5P30ES007033/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HHSN267200700023C/NH/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20200225
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Neurotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Dust
MH  - *Exposome
MH  - Farms
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotoxins/adverse effects
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Washington
PMC - PMC7084326
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *dust analysis
OT  - *environmental exposure analysis
OT  - *exposome
OT  - *farmers
OT  - *longitudinal studies
OT  - *neurodevelopment
OT  - *occupational exposure analysis
OT  - *pesticides analysis
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2020/02/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/02/29 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph17051479 [pii]
AID - ijerph-17-01479 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph17051479 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 25;17(5):1479. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph17051479.

PMID- 32429422
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201105
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 10
DP  - 2020 May 16
TI  - Using Life History Calendars to Estimate in Utero and Early Life Pesticide Exposure 
      of Latinx Children in Farmworker Families.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph17103478 [doi]
LID - 3478
AB  - (1) Background: Early life exposure to neurotoxic chemicals can have later impacts 
      on child health. Most research designs must assume that current exposure is similar 
      to past. Life history calendar methods can help to provide data on early life 
      exposure. (2) Methods: Life history calendars were completed by mothers of 
      8-year-old children from Latinx farmworker and non-farmworker families (n = 73 and 
      65, respectively). Measures were created of months exposure through living adjacent 
      to farm fields and having household members who worked in jobs exposing them to 
      toxic chemicals. Data were divided into time periods of in utero, early childhood 
      (birth-35 months) and later childhood (36-96 months). Cluster analysis compared the 
      measures for children from farmworker and non-farmworker parents. (3) Results: 
      Although, as a group, children from farmworker families have greater lifetime months 
      of probable exposure to pesticides than children in non-farmworker families, cluster 
      analysis reveals groups of children who do not follow that pattern. (4) Conclusions: 
      The life history calendar is a technique for obtaining data on early life toxic 
      chemical exposure that may help assign children to proper exposure groups. 
      Conducting secondary analyses using such information can help to clarify the 
      association of exposures to health outcomes.
FAU - Quandt, Sara A
AU  - Quandt SA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2968-5459
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake 
      Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
FAU - Mora, Dana C
AU  - Mora DC
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 
      Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
FAU - Seering, Theresa L
AU  - Seering TL
AD  - Department of Anthropology, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI 54911, USA.
FAU - Chen, Haiying
AU  - Chen H
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
FAU - Arcury, Thomas A
AU  - Arcury TA
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 
      Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
FAU - Laurienti, Paul J
AU  - Laurienti PJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8871-9658
AD  - Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES008739/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES08739/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20200516
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Hispanic or Latino/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Occupational Exposure/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Pesticides
PMC - PMC7277918
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Latino/Hispanic
OT  - *agricultural health
OT  - *exposure assessment
OT  - *health disparities
OT  - *migrant and seasonal farmworkers
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design 
      of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing 
      of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2020/05/21 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/21 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/05/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph17103478 [pii]
AID - ijerph-17-03478 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph17103478 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 16;17(10):3478. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph17103478.

PMID- 26870919
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160811
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 147
DP  - 2016 May
TI  - The role of diet in children's exposure to organophosphate pesticides.
PG  - 133-40
LID - S0013-9351(16)30045-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.003 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that some of the greatest exposure to OPs in children 
      occurs in agricultural communities and various pathways of exposure including the 
      take-home pathway, proximity to orchards, and diet have been explored. However, the 
      importance of the dietary pathway of exposure for children in agricultural 
      communities is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to ascertain whether 
      there were associations between measures of OP exposure and apple juice, fruit, and 
      vegetable consumption across growing seasons by children of farmworkers and 
      non-farmworkers in a rural agricultural setting. METHODS: Study participants were 
      children of farmworker (N=100) or non-farmworker (N=100) households from a 
      longitudinal cohort study. Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables was assessed 
      using a "5-A-Day" abbreviated food frequency questionnaire, and exposure to OPs was 
      characterized using three urinary di-methyl and three di-ethyl metabolite 
      measurements per child for each of three growing seasons. We used generalized 
      estimating equations to examine data. RESULTS: Consumption frequency of fruits and 
      vegetables was similar between children of farmworkers and non-farmworkers and 
      across seasons. There were a few significant trends between dimethyl metabolites 
      (DMAP) and fruit, vegetable or apple juice consumption; however, no clear pattern 
      held across seasons or occupation. One difference was found in vegetable consumption 
      during the harvest season, where the farmworker families showed a significant 
      relationship between vegetable consumption and dimethyl metabolite levels (p=0.002). 
      We also found a significant difference in this relationship between farmworkers and 
      non-farmworkers (p=0.001). No significant trends between fruit and vegetable 
      consumption and diethyl (DEAP) metabolites were found. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows 
      the importance of considering season and parents' occupation in understanding OP 
      exposure routes among children in an agricultural community. The impact of these 
      factors on dietary OP exposure requires a more thorough analysis of the availability 
      and consumption of produce from different sources including farms using pesticides 
      where parents worked.
CI  - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Holme, Francesca
AU  - Holme F
AD  - Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Thompson, Beti
AU  - Thompson B
AD  - Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 
      WA, USA. Electronic address: bthompso@fhcrc.org.
FAU - Holte, Sarah
AU  - Holte S
AD  - Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Vigoren, Eric M
AU  - Vigoren EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Espinoza, Noah
AU  - Espinoza N
AD  - Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Ulrich, Angela
AU  - Ulrich A
AD  - Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Griffith, William
AU  - Griffith W
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Faustman EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20160211
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Diet/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Family
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Fruit and Vegetable Juices/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*metabolism
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
MH  - Washington
PMC - PMC4821762
MID - NIHMS759107
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Agricultural community
OT  - Children
OT  - Diet
OT  - Farmworker
OT  - Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - Pesticide
OT  - Pesticide exposure
OT  - Rural
EDAT- 2016/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/12 06:00
CRDT- 2016/02/13 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/02/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(16)30045-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2016 May;147:133-40. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 
      11.

PMID- 32371136
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200615
LR  - 20200615
IS  - 1879-3169 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-4274 (Linking)
VI  - 329
DP  - 2020 Sep 1
TI  - Assessment of children's exposure to currently used pesticides in wallonia, Belgium.
PG  - 1-11
LID - S0378-4274(20)30129-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.020 [doi]
AB  - In spring 2016, a study was carried out to characterize currently used pesticide 
      (CUP) exposure among children living in Wallonia (Belgium). Pesticides were measured 
      in both first morning urine voids of 258 children aged from 9 to 12 years and in 
      ambient air collected close to the children's schools. Out of the 46 pesticides 
      measured in the air, 19 were detected with frequencies varying between 11 % and 100 
      %, and mean levels ranging from <0.04 to 2.37 ng/m³. Only 3 parent pesticides were 
      found in 1-10% of the urine samples, while all the metabolites analyzed were 
      positively detected at least once. The captan metabolite (THPI) was quantified in 
      23.5 % of the samples, while 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (chlopryrifos metabolite) 
      was detected in all urines with levels ranging from 0.36-38.96 μg/l. 
      3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane 
      carboxylic acid (t-DCCA) and diethylphosphate were the most abundant pyrethroid 
      metabolites and dialkylphosphate measured. The air inhalation was demonstrated to be 
      a minor route of exposure for the selected CUPs. Statistical regressions highlighted 
      predictors of exposure for some pesticides such like consumption of grey bread, 
      presence of carpets at home or indoor use of pesticides, although no clear source 
      was identified for most of them.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Pirard, Catherine
AU  - Pirard C
AD  - Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 
      4000 Liege, Belgium. Electronic address: c.pirard@chuliege.be.
FAU - Remy, Suzanne
AU  - Remy S
AD  - Direction of Chronic Risks, Environment and Health Team, Scientific Institute of 
      Public Service (ISSeP), Rue du Chera 200, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
FAU - Giusti, Arnaud
AU  - Giusti A
AD  - Direction of Chronic Risks, Environment and Health Team, Scientific Institute of 
      Public Service (ISSeP), Rue du Chera 200, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
FAU - Champon, Léa
AU  - Champon L
AD  - Direction of Chronic Risks, Environment and Health Team, Scientific Institute of 
      Public Service (ISSeP), Rue du Chera 200, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
FAU - Charlier, Corinne
AU  - Charlier C
AD  - Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 
      4000 Liege, Belgium.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200501
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Toxicol Lett
JT  - Toxicology letters
JID - 7709027
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/chemistry/*urine
MH  - Belgium
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/chemistry/*urine
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ambient air
OT  - Belgium
OT  - Biomonitoring
OT  - Children
OT  - Currently used pesticides
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper
EDAT- 2020/05/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/06/17 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/07 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/04/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/06/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/07 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0378-4274(20)30129-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Lett. 2020 Sep 1;329:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.020. Epub 2020 May 
      1.

PMID- 27453604
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170626
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1468-2877 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-3549 (Print)
IS  - 0033-3549 (Linking)
VI  - 131
IP  - 4
DP  - 2016 Jul-Aug
TI  - Pesticide-Related Hospitalizations Among Children and Teenagers in Texas, 2004-2013.
PG  - 588-96
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Acute exposure to pesticides is associated with nausea, headaches, 
      rashes, eye irritation, seizures, and, in severe cases, death. We characterized 
      pesticide-related hospitalizations in Texas among children and teenagers for 
      2004-2013 to characterize exposures in this population, which is less well 
      understood than pesticide exposure among adults. METHODS: We abstracted information 
      on pesticide-related hospitalizations from hospitalization data using 
      pesticide-related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical 
      Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes and E-codes. We calculated the prevalence of 
      pesticide-related hospitalizations among children and teenagers aged #19 years for 
      all hospitalizations, unintentional exposures, intentional exposures, pesticide 
      classifications, and illness severity. We also calculated age- and sex-specific 
      prevalence of pesticide-related hospitalizations among children. RESULTS: The 
      prevalence of pesticide-related hospitalizations among children and teenagers was 
      2.1 per 100,000 population. The prevalence of pesticide-related hospitalizations per 
      100,000 population was 2.7 for boys and 1.5 for girls. The age-specific prevalence 
      per 100,000 population was 5.3 for children aged 0-4 years, 0.3 for children and 
      teenagers aged 5-14 years, and 2.3 for teenagers aged 15-19 years. Children aged 0-4 
      years had the highest prevalence of unintentional exposures, whereas teenagers aged 
      15-19 years had the highest prevalence of intentional exposures. Commonly reported 
      pesticide categories were organophosphates/carbamates, disinfectants, rodenticides, 
      and other pesticides (e.g., pyrethrins, pyrethroids). Of the 158 pesticide-related 
      hospitalizations, most were coded as having minor (n=86) or moderate (n=40) illness 
      severity. CONCLUSION: Characterizing the prevalence of pesticide-related 
      hospitalizations among children and teenagers leads to a better understanding of the 
      burden of pesticide exposures, including the type of pesticides used and the 
      severity of potential health effects. This study found differences in the frequency 
      of pesticide-related hospitalizations by sex, age, and intent (e.g., unintentional 
      vs. intentional).
FAU - Trueblood, Amber B
AU  - Trueblood AB
AD  - Texas A&M University Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of 
      Environmental & Occupational Health, College Station, TX.
FAU - Shipp, Eva
AU  - Shipp E
AD  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Center for Transportation Safety, College 
      Station, TX.
FAU - Han, Daikwon
AU  - Han D
AD  - Texas A&M Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology 
      & Biostatistics, College Station, TX.
FAU - Ross, Jennifer
AU  - Ross J
AD  - Texas A&M Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of Public 
      Health Studies, College Station, TX.
FAU - Cizmas, Leslie H
AU  - Cizmas LH
AD  - Texas A&M University Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Department of 
      Environmental & Occupational Health, College Station, TX.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
TA  - Public Health Rep
JT  - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
JID - 9716844
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Accidents, Home
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Databases, Factual
MH  - Female
MH  - Hospitalization/*trends
MH  - Humans
MH  - International Classification of Diseases
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Texas
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4937121
EDAT- 2016/07/28 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/27 06:00
CRDT- 2016/07/26 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - 15_Trueblood [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0033354916662218 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Public Health Rep. 2016 Jul-Aug;131(4):588-96. doi: 10.1177/0033354916662218.

PMID- 30337670
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200402
LR  - 20200402
IS  - 1530-0447 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-3998 (Linking)
VI  - 85
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Jan
TI  - Children's low-level pesticide exposure and associations with autism and ADHD: a 
      review.
PG  - 234-241
LID - 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z [doi]
AB  - Pesticides are chemicals that are designed specifically for the purpose of killing 
      or suppressing another living organism. Human toxicity is possible with any 
      pesticide, and a growing body of literature has investigated possible associations 
      with neurodevelopmental disorders. Attention deficit disorder with or without 
      hyperactivity (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two of these specific 
      disorders that have garnered particular interest. Exposure to toxic chemicals during 
      critical windows of brain development is a biologically plausible mechanism. This 
      review describes the basic laboratory science including controlled pesticide dosing 
      experiments in animals that supports a mechanistic relationship in the development 
      of ADHD and/or ASD. Epidemiological relationships are also described for low-level 
      pesticide exposure and ADHD and/or ASD. The available evidence supports the 
      hypothesis that pesticide exposure at levels that do not cause acute toxicity may be 
      among the multifactorial causes of ADHD and ASD, though further study is needed, 
      especially for some of the newer pesticides.
FAU - Roberts, James R
AU  - Roberts JR
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 
      29425, USA. robertsj@musc.edu.
FAU - Dawley, Erin H
AU  - Dawley EH
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 
      29425, USA.
FAU - Reigart, J Routt
AU  - Reigart JR
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 
      29425, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20181008
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatr Res
JT  - Pediatric research
JID - 0100714
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
CIN - Pediatr Res. 2019 Jan;85(2):118-119. PMID: 30478406
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Animals
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*chemically induced/genetics
MH  - Autistic Disorder/*chemically induced/genetics
MH  - Child
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
EDAT- 2018/10/20 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/03 06:00
CRDT- 2018/10/20 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/09/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/10/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Res. 2019 Jan;85(2):234-241. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0200-z. Epub 2018 Oct 
      8.

PMID- 30066057
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200113
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1557-1920 (Electronic)
IS  - 1557-1912 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 4
DP  - 2019 Aug
TI  - A Pilot Study Evaluating Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in 
      Children and Adolescents of Mexican Descent Residing in Hidalgo County, Texas.
PG  - 751-760
LID - 10.1007/s10903-018-0791-9 [doi]
AB  - Children and adolescents of Mexican descent residing in Hidalgo County (TX) were 
      evaluated for exposure to organochlorine (OC) and organophosphate (OP) pesticides. A 
      convenience sample of 60 participants enrolled in our pilot study. The 
      lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of nine OC metabolites and creatinine-adjusted 
      urinary concentrations of six OP metabolites were measured and compared with data 
      from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Fourth Report on Human 
      Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize 
      the concentration levels for each metabolite. Study participants were aged 
      5-18 years. For most of the OC and OP metabolites, our findings showed that 
      participants had concentration levels within the distributional range of the 
      national data. However, notable outlying levels (greater than the 95th percentile in 
      the Fourth Report) were identified for the following OC metabolites: 
      gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene, and 
      p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. Among the children aged 5-11 years, one child 
      had an outlying value for the OP metabolite: dimethylphosphate. Our findings on the 
      levels of OC and OP pesticide exposure enhances the credibility of national 
      estimates, and can serve as baselines for children and adolescents of Mexican 
      descent residing in Lower Rio Grande Valley. Furthermore, our study contributes to 
      the lacunae of knowledge regarding environmental exposures and presses further 
      investigation of outlying OC and OP exposure levels.
FAU - Hernandez, Mike
AU  - Hernandez M
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Unit 1411, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer 
      Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
FAU - Hernández-Valero, María A
AU  - Hernández-Valero MA
AD  - Health Program, Department of Education Psychology, College of Education, University 
      of Houston, 4800 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
FAU - García-Prieto, Celia
AU  - García-Prieto C
AD  - Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Unit 2951, The University of Texas 
      MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
FAU - Patterson, Donald G
AU  - Patterson DG
AD  - Axys Analytical Services Ltd., 2045 Mills Road West, Sidney, BC, V8LL 5X2, Canada.
FAU - Hajek, Richard A
AU  - Hajek RA
AD  - Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, Unit 1362, The University of Texas MD 
      Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
FAU - Recinos, Iris
AU  - Recinos I
AD  - Institute of Cancer Care Innovation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer 
      Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. irecinos@mdanderson.org.
FAU - Lopez, David S
AU  - Lopez DS
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas School of Public Health, P.O. 
      Box 20186, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
FAU - Li, Yisheng
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Unit 1411, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer 
      Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
FAU - Jones, Lovell A
AU  - Jones LA
AD  - College of Nursing, Prairie View A&M University, 100 University Dr., Prairie View, 
      TX, 77446, USA.
FAU - Hawk, Ernest
AU  - Hawk E
AD  - Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Unit 1370, The University of 
      Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - ES007784-13/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)/
GR  - 5P30ES007784/National Institutes of Health/
GR  - P30 CA016672/National Cancer Institute/
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Immigr Minor Health
JT  - Journal of immigrant and minority health
JID - 101256527
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Mexican Americans
MH  - Organophosphates/*metabolism
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Texas/epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children and adolescents of Mexican descent
OT  - Organochlorines
OT  - Organophosphates
OT  - Pesticides
EDAT- 2018/08/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/14 06:00
CRDT- 2018/08/02 06:00
PHST- 2018/08/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s10903-018-0791-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10903-018-0791-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Immigr Minor Health. 2019 Aug;21(4):751-760. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0791-9.

PMID- 22304368
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120529
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 Mar 6
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment in young Shanghai children.
PG  - 2911-7
LID - 10.1021/es202583d [doi]
AB  - A large amount of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) is used throughout China. Animal 
      studies have suggested that even moderate doses are toxic to neurodevelopment, but 
      there are a few studies in humans. We investigated both the urinary levels of OP 
      metabolites in children and their relationship with child neurodevelopment. 
      Participating 301 young children (23-25 months of age) were recruited from two 
      community hospitals in Shanghai between February and October 2008. We measured five 
      nonspecific dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolite levels of OPs in the children's urine 
      and examined their association with the children's developmental quotients (DQs) 
      based on the Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS). The creatinine-adjusted geometric 
      means (GMs) of OP metabolites in urine samples were 11.27 μg/g for DMP; 6.99 μg/g 
      for DMTP; 7.96 μg/g for DEP; 14.19 μg/g for DETP; and 4.55 μg/g for DEDTP. The 
      children had relatively higher levels of OP urinary metabolites compared with those 
      reported in developed countries, no association was found between child urinary 
      levels of OP metabolites and any of the DQ scores. However, our results should be 
      interpreted with caution, and more studies of children living in China are warranted 
      given the relatively high levels of child OP urinary metabolites in Shanghai.
FAU - Guodong, Ding
AU  - Guodong D
AD  - Shanghai Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of 
      Medicine, MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, 
      Shanghai, China.
FAU - Pei, Wang
AU  - Pei W
FAU - Ying, Tian
AU  - Ying T
FAU - Jun, Zhang
AU  - Jun Z
FAU - Yu, Gao
AU  - Yu G
FAU - Xiaojin, Wang
AU  - Xiaojin W
FAU - Rong, Shi
AU  - Rong S
FAU - Guoquan, Wang
AU  - Guoquan W
FAU - Xiaoming, Shen
AU  - Xiaoming S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120217
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China
MH  - Creatinine/metabolism
MH  - Demography
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Language
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Activity/physiology
MH  - Nervous System/*growth & development
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
EDAT- 2012/02/07 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/30 06:00
CRDT- 2012/02/07 06:00
PHST- 2012/02/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/02/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es202583d [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Mar 6;46(5):2911-7. doi: 10.1021/es202583d. Epub 2012 Feb 
      17.

PMID- 23092909
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130708
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 121
IP  - 2
DP  - 2013 Feb
TI  - In utero pesticide exposure and leukemia in Brazilian children < 2 years of age.
PG  - 269-75
LID - 10.1289/ehp.1103942 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: An association between pesticide exposure and cancer has been suggested. 
      Infant leukemia is a rare neoplasm and its association with maternal pesticide 
      exposure has been poorly explored. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association 
      between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and leukemia in children < 2 years of 
      age. METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in 13 Brazilian 
      states during 1999-2007. Mothers of 252 cases and those of 423 controls were 
      interviewed. Information on pesticide exposures 3 months before pregnancy, 
      throughout pregnancy, and during breastfeeding was obtained. Unconditional logistic 
      regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for associations between 
      pesticide exposures and leukemia. RESULTS: Associations with ever use of pesticides 
      during pregnancy were observed for acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (aOR = 2.10; 95% 
      CI: 1.14, 3.86) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (aOR = 5.01; 95% CI: 1.97, 12.7) in 
      children 0-11 months of age, and with ALL (aOR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.05, 5.23) at 12-23 
      months of age. According to reported maternal exposure to permethrin, higher risk 
      estimates were verified for children 0-11 months of age (aOR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.17, 
      5.25 for ALL; and aOR = 7.28; 95% CI: 2.60, 20.38 for AML). Maternal pesticide 
      exposure related to agricultural activities showed an aOR of 5.25 (95% CI: 1.83, 
      15.08) for ALL, and an aOR of 7.56 (95% CI: 1.83, 31.23) for AML. CONCLUSIONS: These 
      results support the hypothesis that pesticide exposure during pregnancy may be 
      involved in the etiology of acute leukemia in children < 2 years of age.
FAU - Ferreira, Jeniffer Dantas
AU  - Ferreira JD
AD  - Environment and Public Health Post-graduation Program, National School of Public 
      Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Couto, Arnaldo Cézar
AU  - Couto AC
FAU - Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S
AU  - Pombo-de-Oliveira MS
FAU - Koifman, Sergio
AU  - Koifman S
CN  - Brazilian Collaborative Study Group of Infant Acute Leukemia
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20121022
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia/*chemically induced
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
PMC - PMC3569673
COIS- The authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests.
FIR - de Andrade Agareno, Jozina Maria
IR  - de Andrade Agareno JM
FIR - Araújo, Flávia Nogueira Serafim
IR  - Araújo FN
FIR - Mendonça, Núbia
IR  - Mendonça N
FIR - Neves, Cynthia Curvello
IR  - Neves CC
FIR - Aranciba, Alejandro
IR  - Aranciba A
FIR - Melarangno, Renato
IR  - Melarangno R
FIR - Baseggio, Rosania
IR  - Baseggio R
FIR - Mnayarji, Atalla
IR  - Mnayarji A
FIR - Del Belo, Reinaldo
IR  - Del Belo R
FIR - Dobbin, Jane
IR  - Dobbin J
FIR - Brandalise, Silvia
IR  - Brandalise S
FIR - Pinheiro, Vitória
IR  - Pinheiro V
FIR - de Carvalho, Lilian M Burlacchini
IR  - de Carvalho LM
FIR - Cardoso, Tereza Cristina
IR  - Cardoso TC
FIR - de Gusmão, Joana
IR  - de Gusmão J
FIR - Cordoba, Jose Carlos
IR  - Cordoba JC
FIR - Magalhães, Isis Q
IR  - Magalhães IQ
FIR - Coser, Virginia M
IR  - Coser VM
FIR - Pimenta, Flávia
IR  - Pimenta F
FIR - Laureano, Napoleão
IR  - Laureano N
FIR - Pessoa, João
IR  - Pessoa J
FIR - Pianovsky, Mara A D
IR  - Pianovsky MA
FIR - Salles, Terezinha J M
IR  - Salles TJ
FIR - Werneck, Fernando
IR  - Werneck F
FIR - Bariani, César
IR  - Bariani C
FIR - de Carvalho, Eni Guimarães
IR  - de Carvalho EG
FIR - Costa, Imaruí
IR  - Costa I
FIR - Lee, Maria Lucia
IR  - Lee ML
EDAT- 2012/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/09 06:00
CRDT- 2012/10/25 06:00
PHST- 2012/05/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/10/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/10/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - ehp.1103942 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.1103942 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Feb;121(2):269-75. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1103942. Epub 2012 
      Oct 22.

PMID- 25275406
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151019
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1545-0813 (Electronic)
IS  - 1059-924X (Print)
IS  - 1059-924X (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide exposure in school-aged children living in rice and 
      aquacultural farming regions of Thailand.
PG  - 406-16
LID - 10.1080/1059924X.2014.947457 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural sectors in 
      Thailand. Previous studies have documented that children residing in agricultural 
      areas have higher exposure to OPs than children living in other residential areas. 
      The objective of this study was to quantify urinary biomarkers of OP exposure and 
      determine the environmental conditions and activities that predict their levels 
      among children living in Central Thailand farming regions. In October 2011, 53 
      6-8-year-old participants were recruited from Pathum Thani Province, Thailand. 
      Twenty-four lived in rice farming communities at Khlong Luang District where OPs are 
      the pesticides used frequently. Twenty-nine participants, living in aquacultural 
      farming communities at Lum Luk Ka District where OPs are not used, were recruited to 
      serve as controls for pathways of exposure (e.g., residential, dietary) other than 
      occupational/paraoccupational exposures encountered in rice farming. Household 
      environments and participants' activities were assessed using a parental structured 
      interview. Urine samples (first morning voids) were collected from participants for 
      OP urinary metabolite (i.e., dialkylphosphates [DAPs] and 
      3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol [TCPy]) measurements. The levels of most urinary OP 
      metabolites were significantly higher in participants who lived in a rice farming 
      community than those who lived in an aquacultural farming community (P < .05). The 
      results from linear regression analysis revealed that the frequency of OP 
      application on rice farms (∑DAP: P = .001; TCPy: P = .001) and living in a rice 
      farming community (∑DAP: P = .009; TCPy: P < .001) were significant predictors of 
      urinary DAP metabolite levels in participants. Increasing TCPy levels were 
      significantly related to proximity to rice farm (P = .03), being with parent while 
      working on a farm (P = .02), playing on a farm (P = .03), and the presence of 
      observable dirt accumulated on the child's body (P = .02). In conclusion, OP 
      metabolite levels among children who live in rice farming communities were strongly 
      influenced by farming activity, household environments, and child behaviors, 
      suggesting that these are the primary pathways in which children living in these 
      agricultural communities in Thailand were exposed to OPs.
FAU - Rohitrattana, Juthasiri
AU  - Rohitrattana J
AD  - a College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand.
FAU - Siriwong, Wattasit
AU  - Siriwong W
FAU - Tunsaringkarn, Tanasorn
AU  - Tunsaringkarn T
FAU - Panuwet, Parinya
AU  - Panuwet P
FAU - Ryan, P Barry
AU  - Ryan PB
FAU - Barr, Dana Boyd
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Robson, Mark G
AU  - Robson MG
FAU - Fiedler, Nancy
AU  - Fiedler N
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 ES015465/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5R21ES015465-02/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES005022/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43TW007849-01NIHFIC/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES015135/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21ES18722/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES018722/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43 TW007849/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TA  - J Agromedicine
JT  - Journal of agromedicine
JID - 9421530
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/urine
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Occupational Exposure/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity/urine
MH  - Oryza
MH  - Pesticides/metabolism/toxicity/*urine
MH  - Rural Health
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Thailand
PMC - PMC4446969
MID - NIHMS643469
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy)
OT  - Activity
OT  - children
OT  - dialkylphosphates (DAPs)
OT  - environment
OT  - organophosphate pesticides (OPs)
EDAT- 2014/10/03 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/20 06:00
CRDT- 2014/10/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1080/1059924X.2014.947457 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agromedicine. 2014;19(4):406-16. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2014.947457.

PMID- 25171140
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150203
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 134
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide exposure, PON1, and neurodevelopment in school-age 
      children from the CHAMACOS study.
PG  - 149-57
LID - S0013-9351(14)00223-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.07.001 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides remain widely used in agriculture. 
      Previously, we reported that PON1 genotype was directly associated with 
      neurodevelopment at age two, and that PON1 genotype may increase susceptibility to 
      OP exposure. OBJECTIVES: We examined the relationships of maternal and child PON1 
      genotype and enzyme activity levels and neurodevelopment at school age and examined 
      their interaction with maternal dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolite levels to 
      investigate differential susceptibility to OP-related neurotoxicity. METHODS: 
      Participants were from the CHAMACOS longitudinal birth cohort of Latino families in 
      an agricultural region of California. We measured DAP metabolites of OP pesticides 
      in maternal and child urine samples, and analyzed PON1192 and PON1-108 genotypes and 
      enzyme activity [arylesterase (ARYase), paraoxonase (POase)] in maternal and child 
      blood. We examined their association with children׳s performance on the Conners׳ 
      Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT) at 5 years (n=296) and the Wechsler 
      Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) at 7 years (n=327). RESULTS: Maternal and 
      child PON1 genotype was not related to performance on K-CPT or WISC, although WISC 
      scores tended to be lowest in children and children of mothers who carried the 
      PON-108TT genotype. Pregnancy ARYase levels were positively associated with all WISC 
      subscales (e.g., 4.0 point increase in Full Scale IQ per standard deviation increase 
      in ARYase, 95% CI=1.6, 6.4), while pregnancy POase levels were positively associated 
      with WISC Processing Speed only. Maternal PON1-108 weakly modified the relationship 
      of maternal DAPS and K-CPT scores (pinteraction=0.21) and WISC verbal IQ 
      (pinteraction=0.71). The association between DAPs and Full-Scale IQ was strongest 
      for children of mothers with lowest-tertile ARYase levels (pinteraction=0.27). This 
      relationship held for both diethyl and dimethyl DAPs and for all subscales of the 
      WISC. CONCLUSIONS: We extend our previous findings that PON1 genotype and enzyme 
      levels may be directly related to performance on certain domains of neurodevelopment 
      in school-age children. Lower maternal PON1 enzyme levels during pregnancy may also 
      increase susceptibility of children to neurotoxicity from OP pesticide exposure.
CI  - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA. Electronic address: eskenazi@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Kogut, Katherine
AU  - Kogut K
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
FAU - Huen, Karen
AU  - Huen K
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
FAU - Bouchard, Maryse
AU  - Bouchard M
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center and Université de Montréal, 
      Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
FAU - Boyd-Barr, Dana
AU  - Boyd-Barr D
AD  - Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Johnson, Caroline
AU  - Johnson C
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
FAU - Holland, Nina
AU  - Holland N
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children׳s Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California, 1995 University Avenue, Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 
      94720-7380, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES023067/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES012503/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01ES023067-01A1/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01ES012503/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20140827
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (Aryldialkylphosphatase)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (PON1 protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aryldialkylphosphatase/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure
MH  - *Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
PMC - PMC4338203
MID - NIHMS624597
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attention
OT  - Conners׳ Continuous Performance Test (CPT, KCPT, K-CPT)
OT  - Neurodevelopment
OT  - Organophosphates
OT  - PON1
OT  - Paraoxonase
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
COIS- None of the authors has a competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2014/08/30 06:00
MHDA- 2015/02/04 06:00
CRDT- 2014/08/30 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/07/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/02/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(14)00223-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.07.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2014 Oct;134:149-57. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Aug 
      27.

PMID- 25450661
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150910
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1872-9738 (Electronic)
IS  - 0892-0362 (Linking)
VI  - 47
DP  - 2015 Jan-Feb
TI  - Occupational pesticide exposure in early pregnancy associated with sex-specific 
      neurobehavioral deficits in the children at school age.
PG  - 1-9
LID - S0892-0362(14)00178-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.10.006 [doi]
AB  - Prenatal exposure to pesticides may affect neurodevelopment, while the impact of 
      modern pesticides is unclear. From 1997-2001, women working in greenhouse 
      horticultures were recruited at the beginning of their pregnancy. Based on detailed 
      interview of the women and their employers, those categorized as occupationally 
      exposed to pesticides were moved to unexposed work functions or went on paid leave, 
      while women without any exposure were considered unexposed controls. Of the 
      resulting birth cohort of 203 children, 133 (65%) were examined at age 6 to 11 years 
      together with 44 newly recruited children of same age whose mothers were not 
      occupationally exposed to pesticides in pregnancy. All children underwent a 
      standardized examination including a battery of neurodevelopmental tests. Maternal 
      occupational pesticide exposure in early pregnancy was associated with prolonged 
      brainstem auditory evoked potential latencies in the children as a whole and with 
      impaired neuropsychological function in girls, while no effect was apparent in boys. 
      In girls, language and motor speed functions were significantly inversely associated 
      with prenatal exposure, and a non-significant tendency toward decreased function was 
      also seen for other neuropsychological outcomes. A structural equation model that 
      combined all these test results showed an overall impaired neuropsychological 
      function in girls prenatally exposed to pesticides. Thus, our findings suggest an 
      adverse effect of maternal occupational pesticide exposure on their children's 
      neurodevelopment, despite the fact that the exposures occurred solely during early 
      pregnancy and under well regulated working conditions, where special measures to 
      protect pregnant women were applied.
CI  - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Andersen, Helle R
AU  - Andersen HR
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 
      Electronic address: hrandersen@health.sdu.dk.
FAU - Debes, Fróði
AU  - Debes F
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
FAU - Wohlfahrt-Veje, Christine
AU  - Wohlfahrt-Veje C
AD  - University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 
      Denmark.
FAU - Murata, Katsuyuki
AU  - Murata K
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of 
      Medicine, Akita, Japan.
FAU - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Grandjean P
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Harvard 
      School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141108
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurotoxicol Teratol
JT  - Neurotoxicology and teratology
JID - 8709538
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Cognition Disorders/*etiology
MH  - Developmental Disabilities/*etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Language Development Disorders/etiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Memory Disorders/etiology
MH  - Motor Activity
MH  - Neurologic Examination
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*physiopathology
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - *Sex Characteristics
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brainstem auditory evoked potentials
OT  - Neurodevelopment
OT  - Neuropsychological tests
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Prenatal exposure
EDAT- 2014/12/03 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/12 06:00
CRDT- 2014/12/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/05/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/10/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0892-0362(14)00178-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.10.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2015 Jan-Feb;47:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.10.006. Epub 2014 
      Nov 8.

PMID- 29879566
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190909
LR  - 20190909
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 166
DP  - 2018 Oct
TI  - Prenatal pesticide exposure associated with glycated haemoglobin and markers of 
      metabolic dysfunction in adolescents.
PG  - 71-77
LID - S0013-9351(18)30285-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.032 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pesticide exposure has been associated with increased risk of diabetes 
      mellitus in adults, but potential effects of prenatal exposure on glucose regulation 
      have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate if maternal 
      occupational pesticide exposure in pregnancy was associated with glycated 
      haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in adolescents and whether an association was modified by 
      sex and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) Q192R polymorphism. METHODS: A prospective cohort study 
      of children whose mothers were either occupationally exposed or unexposed to 
      pesticides in early pregnancy. At age 10-to-16 years, the children (n = 168) 
      underwent clinical examinations including pubertal stage assessment (accepted by 141 
      children) and blood sampling. PON1 Q192R genotype was available for 139 children and 
      103 mothers. The main outcome measure was HbA1c but other relevant biomarkers were 
      also included. RESULTS: Prenatal pesticide exposure was associated with a 5.0% (95% 
      confidence interval: 1.8; 8.2) higher HbA1c compared to unexposed children after 
      adjustment for confounders. After stratification, the association remained 
      significant for girls (6.2% (1.6; 11.1)) and if the child or the mother had the PON1 
      192R-allele (6.1% (1.6; 10.8) and 7.1% (2.0; 12.6), respectively). Besides, an 
      exposure-related increase was seen for the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, for 
      plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 in girls, and for interleukin-6 in children 
      whose mothers had the R-allele. CONCLUSION: Prenatal pesticide exposure was 
      associated with higher HbA1c and changes in related biomarkers in adolescents. Our 
      results suggest an adverse effect on glucose homeostasis and support previous 
      findings from this cohort of an exposure-associated metabolic risk profile with 
      higher susceptibility related to female sex and the PON1 192R-allele.
CI  - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Andersen, Helle Raun
AU  - Andersen HR
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of 
      Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: hrandersen@health.sdu.dk.
FAU - Tinggaard, Jeanette
AU  - Tinggaard J
AD  - Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of 
      Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Grandjean P
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of 
      Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. 
      Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Jensen, Tina K
AU  - Jensen TK
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of 
      Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, 
      Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
FAU - Dalgård, Christine
AU  - Dalgård C
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of 
      Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
FAU - Main, Katharina M
AU  - Main KM
AD  - Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of 
      Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180604
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (Aryldialkylphosphatase)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (PON1 protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Aryldialkylphosphatase/*genetics
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin A/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*blood
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *HbA1c
OT  - *Metabolic biomarkers
OT  - *Paraoxonase-1
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Prenatal exposure
EDAT- 2018/06/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/10 06:00
CRDT- 2018/06/08 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/05/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/06/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(18)30285-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2018 Oct;166:71-77. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.032. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

PMID- 30781414
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190701
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 4
DP  - 2019 Feb 15
TI  - Urinary Pesticide Levels in Children and Adolescents Residing in Two Agricultural 
      Communities in Mexico.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph16040562 [doi]
LID - 562
AB  - The use of pesticides in agricultural activities has increased significantly during 
      the last decades. Several studies have reported the health damage that results from 
      exposure to pesticides. In Mexico, hundreds of communities depend economically on 
      agricultural activities. The participation of minors in this type of activity and 
      their exposure to pesticides represents a potential public health problem. A 
      cross-sectional study was conducted, in which urine samples (first-morning urine) 
      were taken from children under 15 years of age in both communities. A total of 281 
      urine samples obtained in both communities were processed for the determination of 
      pesticides with high-performance liquid chromatography together with tandem mass 
      spectrometry. In 100% of the samples, at least two pesticides of the 17 reported in 
      the total samples were detected. The presence of malathion, metoxuron, and 
      glyphosate was remarkable in more than 70% of the cases. Substantial differences 
      were detected regarding the other compounds. It is necessary to carry out long-term 
      studies to determine the damage to health resulting from this constant exposure and 
      to inform the health authorities about the problem in order to implement preventive 
      measures.
FAU - Sierra-Diaz, Erick
AU  - Sierra-Diaz E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1006-9012
AD  - Public Health Department, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, 
      Jalisco CP 44340, Mexico. erksland@hotmail.com.
FAU - Celis-de la Rosa, Alfredo de Jesus
AU  - Celis-de la Rosa AJ
AD  - Public Health Department, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, 
      Jalisco CP 44340, Mexico. alfredo_celis@yahoo.com.
FAU - Lozano-Kasten, Felipe
AU  - Lozano-Kasten F
AD  - Public Health Department, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, 
      Jalisco CP 44340, Mexico. f_lozano_k@hotmail.com.
FAU - Trasande, Leonardo
AU  - Trasande L
AD  - Departments of Pediatrics, Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York 
      University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. 
      leonardo.trasande@nyulangone.org.
FAU - Peregrina-Lucano, Alejandro Aarón
AU  - Peregrina-Lucano AA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7149-8243
AD  - Public Health Department, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, 
      Jalisco CP 44340, Mexico. aapl69@hotmail.com.
FAU - Sandoval-Pinto, Elena
AU  - Sandoval-Pinto E
AD  - Public Health Department, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, 
      Jalisco CP 44340, Mexico. elena.sandovalp@academicos.udg.mx.
FAU - Gonzalez-Chavez, Humberto
AU  - Gonzalez-Chavez H
AD  - CIESAS Occidente Conacyt, Av. España 1359, Guadalajara, Jalisco CP 44190, Mexico. 
      hgc@ciesas.edu.mx.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190215
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Methylurea Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 4632WW1X5A (glyphosate)
RN  - TE7660XO1C (Glycine)
RN  - U5N7SU872W (Malathion)
RN  - Y58EM37E76 (3-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea)
SB  - IM
EIN - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 24;17(1):. PMID: 31878311
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycine/analogs & derivatives/urine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Malathion/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - Methylurea Compounds/urine
MH  - Mexico
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Rural Population
PMC - PMC6406912
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *adolescents
OT  - *agricultural activities
OT  - *body fluid
OT  - *children
OT  - *exposure
OT  - *pesticide levels
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/02/20 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/02 06:00
CRDT- 2019/02/21 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/02/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/02/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/02/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph16040562 [pii]
AID - ijerph-16-00562 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph16040562 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 15;16(4):562. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16040562.

PMID- 29996806
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190729
LR  - 20190729
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jul 11
TI  - A prospective cohort study of school-going children investigating reproductive and 
      neurobehavioral health effects due to environmental pesticide exposure in the 
      Western Cape, South Africa: study protocol.
PG  - 857
LID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5783-0 [doi]
LID - 857
AB  - BACKGROUND: Research on reproductive health effects on children from low-level, 
      long-term exposure to pesticides currently used in the agricultural industry is 
      limited and those on neurobehavioral effects have produced conflicting evidence. We 
      aim at investigating the association between pesticide exposure on the reproductive 
      health and neurobehavior of children in South Africa, by including potential 
      relevant co-exposures from the use of electronic media and maternal alcohol 
      consumption. METHODS: The design entails a prospective cohort study with a follow-up 
      duration of 2 years starting in 2017, including 1000 school going children between 
      the ages of 9 to 16 years old. Children are enrolled with equal distribution in sex 
      and residence on farms and non-farms in three different agricultural areas (mainly 
      apple, table grapes and wheat farming systems) in the Western Cape, South Africa. 
      The neurobehavior primary health outcome of cognitive functioning was measured 
      through the iPad-based CAmbridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) 
      including domains for attention, memory, and processing speed. The reproductive 
      health outcomes include testicular size in boys and breast size in girls assessed in 
      a physical examination, and blood samples to detect hormone levels and 
      anthropometric measurements. Information on pesticide exposure, co-exposures and 
      relevant confounders are obtained through structured questionnaire interviews with 
      the children and their guardians. Environmental occurrence of pesticides will be 
      determined while using a structured interview with farm owners and review of 
      spraying records and collection of passive water and air samples in all three areas. 
      Pesticide metabolites will be analysed in urine and hair samples collected from the 
      study subjects every 4 months starting at baseline. DISCUSSION: The inclusion of 
      three different agricultural areas will yield a wide range of pesticide exposure 
      situations. The prospective longitudinal design is a further strength of this study 
      to evaluate the reproductive and neurobehavioural effects of different pesticides on 
      children. This research will inform relevant policies and regulatory bodies to 
      improve the health, safety and learning environments for children and families in 
      agricultural settings.
FAU - Chetty-Mhlanga, Shala
AU  - Chetty-Mhlanga S
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa.
AD  - Swiss Tropical Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
AD  - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Basera, Wisdom
AU  - Basera W
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Fuhrimann, Samuel
AU  - Fuhrimann S
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Probst-Hensch, Nicole
AU  - Probst-Hensch N
AD  - Swiss Tropical Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Delport, Steven
AU  - Delport S
AD  - Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 
      South Africa.
FAU - Mugari, Mufaro
AU  - Mugari M
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa.
AD  - Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur 
      Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Van Wyk, Jennifer
AU  - Van Wyk J
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa.
AD  - Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur 
      Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
FAU - Röösli, Martin
AU  - Röösli M
AD  - Swiss Tropical Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
AD  - University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel
AU  - Dalvie MA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2192-0901
AD  - Centre for Environment and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and 
      Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 
      Cape Town, South Africa. aqiel.dalvie@uct.ac.za.
LA  - eng
GR  - UID: 94883/South African National Research Foundation SARChi Chair 
      Programme/International
GR  - None/South African Medical Research Council/International
GR  - UID: 9i565/The South African National Research Foundation/International
GR  - 113999/The South African National Research Foundation/International
GR  - 115311/The South African National Research Foundation/International
GR  - DST/CON 014/2017/The Department of Science and Technology, South 
      Africa/International
GR  - None/The SwissGovernment Federation/International
GR  - None/The Swiss - African Research Cooperation (SARECO)/International
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180711
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
RN  - 0 (Gonadal Steroid Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Breast/*pathology
MH  - Child
MH  - Cognition Disorders/*chemically induced/epidemiology
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Organ Size
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/blood
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Research Design
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
MH  - Testis/*pathology
PMC - PMC6042376
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Air and water
OT  - *Co-exposures
OT  - *Endocrine disruption
OT  - *Low exposures
OT  - *Neurobehaviour
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Reproductive health
OT  - *Rural communities
OT  - *School-going children
COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Parents or guardians of the participants 
      as well as farm-owner were required to provide signed permission to be a part of 
      this study and written consent. The participant learner were required to provide 
      written assent once their parent’s consent was received and before any data was 
      collected. Primary ethical principles based on the Helskinki Declaration [51], will 
      be considered for the benefit and protection of subjects in this study. The ethical 
      protocols for the study on pesticide exposure and reproductive health outcomes has 
      been approved by the University of Cape Town’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC 
      reference number: 234/2009). An amendment was made to this protocol for the addition 
      of neurobehavioral outcome and submitted for ethical clearance, which was approved 
      on May 2017 by the University of Cape Town’s Human Research Ethics Committee 
      (reference: 234/2009). The Ethics Committee of the Northwest and Central Switzerland 
      (EKNS) reviewed and confirmed ethical and scientific standards of the study in 
      November 2017 (reference: EKNS 2017–01683). The Western Cape Education Department 
      has provided approval and consent to conduct this study amongst the children who 
      attend school in these study areas (reference: 20150629–846). An additional ethical 
      protocol for the farm-owner questionnaire and the environmental assessment was 
      approved by HREC on the October 2017 (reference number: 597/2017). CONSENT FOR 
      PUBLICATION: “Not applicable” COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they 
      have no competing interests in this study. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains 
      neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional 
      affiliations.
EDAT- 2018/07/13 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/30 06:00
CRDT- 2018/07/13 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/06/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5783-0 [pii]
AID - 5783 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-5783-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2018 Jul 11;18(1):857. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5783-0.

PMID- 33007939
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210111
LR  - 20210111
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 19
DP  - 2020 Sep 30
TI  - Gestational Pesticide Exposure and Child Respiratory Health.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph17197165 [doi]
LID - 7165
AB  - BACKGROUND: Childhood wheeze may be related to pesticide exposure, and diet and 
      genetics (Paroxonase; PON1) may modify the effects of exposure. METHODS: We analyzed 
      data from the HOME Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort, to examine the 
      association of gestational urinary organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (3PBA) 
      metabolite concentrations with child wheeze, forced expiratory volume in one second 
      (FEV1) at ages 4 and 5 years, and wheeze trajectory patterns through age 8 years. 
      RESULTS: Among 367 singletons, the frequency of wheeze ranged from 10.6% to 24.1% at 
      each measurement age. OP and 3PBA metabolite concentrations were not associated with 
      wheeze at 8 years or from birth to 8 years, but there were three significant 
      interactions: (1) maternal daily fruit and vegetable consumption (less than daily 
      consumption and increasing 3PBA was associated with wheeze at age 8 years, OR = 
      1.40), (2) maternal PON1(-108) allele (CT/TT genotypes and high DE was associated 
      with wheeze at age 8 years, OR = 2.13, 2.74) and (3) PON1(192) alleles (QR/RR 
      genotypes with higher diethylphosphate (DE) and dialkyl phosphate (DAP) were 
      associated with wheeze at age 8 years, OR = 3.84). Pesticide metabolites were not 
      consistently related to FEV1 or wheeze trajectory. CONCLUSIONS: Gestational OP and 
      3PBA metabolites were associated with child respiratory outcomes in participants 
      with maternal dietary and genetic susceptibility.
FAU - Gilden, Robyn
AU  - Gilden R
AD  - Department of Family and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Nursing, 
      Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
FAU - Friedmann, Erika
AU  - Friedmann E
AD  - Office of Research and Scholarship, University of Maryland School of Nursing, 
      Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
FAU - Holmes, Katie
AU  - Holmes K
AD  - Office of Research and Scholarship, University of Maryland School of Nursing, 
      Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
FAU - Yolton, Kimberly
AU  - Yolton K
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University 
      of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
FAU - Xu, Yingying
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University 
      of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
FAU - Lanphear, Bruce
AU  - Lanphear B
AD  - Department of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
FAU - Chen, Aimin
AU  - Chen A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9713-6438
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of 
      Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
FAU - Braun, Joseph
AU  - Braun J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5239-3235
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
FAU - Spanier, Adam
AU  - Spanier A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3108-3809
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, University of Maryland 
      School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES011261/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES020349/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES024381/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015517/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES014575/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES013508/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200930
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (Aryldialkylphosphatase)
RN  - EC 3.1.8.1 (PON1 protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aryldialkylphosphatase
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Organophosphates/toxicity
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - *Respiratory Sounds/etiology
MH  - *Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology
PMC - PMC7579149
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *children
OT  - *gestational exposure
OT  - *organophosphates
OT  - *pyrethroids
OT  - *wheeze
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/12 06:00
CRDT- 2020/10/03 01:01
PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/09/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/09/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/10/03 01:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph17197165 [pii]
AID - ijerph-17-07165 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph17197165 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 30;17(19):7165. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph17197165.

PMID- 31731003
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200908
LR  - 20200908
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 134
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Exposure levels of organophosphate pesticides in Japanese diapered children: 
      Contributions of exposure-related behaviors and mothers' considerations of food 
      selection and preparation.
PG  - 105294
LID - S0160-4120(19)32679-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105294 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure is a public health issue due to its 
      potential link to neurodevelopmental problems in children. This study aimed to 
      examine the exposure levels of OP pesticides in Japanese toddlers and explore the 
      possible contributions of their exposure-related behaviors and their mothers' 
      considerations of food selection and preparation to their exposure levels to OP 
      pesticides. We recruited diapered children participating in the Japan Environment 
      and Children's Study and collected used disposable diapers from 1037 children 
      between June 2015 and August 2016. Six dialkylphosphates (DAPs) were measured in the 
      urine extracted from the diapers. The geometric means of urinary creatinine 
      (Cr)-unadjusted and Cr-adjusted concentrations of the sum of the six DAPs (ΣDAP) 
      were 120 nmol/L and 243 nmol/g Cr, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic 
      curve analysis for propensity scores of exposure-related factors revealed that 
      discriminatory powers determining whether Cr-unadjusted and Cr-adjusted ΣDAP 
      concentrations exceeded the 95th percentile values were lower for the 
      exposure-related behaviors (areas under the curve, 0.72 and 0.69, respectively) and 
      the mothers' considerations of food selection and preparation (0.55 and 0.57, 
      respectively) than those for the foodstuffs ingested on the survey day (0.75 and 
      0.81, respectively). Some exposure-related behaviors, namely the use of 
      insecticides, herbicides, and insect repellent sprays, were found to be associated 
      with increased Cr-unadjusted ΣDAP concentrations (odds ratio, 2.0-2.6) via 
      multivariate analysis. In contrast, only the use of a fragrance or deodorant was 
      associated with increased Cr-adjusted ΣDAP concentrations (odds ratio, 2.3). This is 
      the first report on the exposure levels of OP pesticides in a large number of 
      Japanese toddlers. Some household chemical product use was related to OP common 
      metabolite DAP levels. Japanese toddlers were widely exposed to OP pesticide.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Oya, Naoko
AU  - Oya N
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, 
      Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
FAU - Ito, Yuki
AU  - Ito Y
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan. Electronic address: yukey@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
FAU - Ebara, Takeshi
AU  - Ebara T
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan.
FAU - Kato, Sayaka
AU  - Kato S
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan; Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan.
FAU - Hioki, Keisuke
AU  - Hioki K
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan.
FAU - Aoi, Arisa
AU  - Aoi A
AD  - Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and 
      Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 
      Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan.
FAU - Ueyama, Jun
AU  - Ueyama J
AD  - Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and 
      Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 
      Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan.
FAU - Oguri, Tomoko
AU  - Oguri T
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan.
FAU - Shoji, Naoto
AU  - Shoji N
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan.
FAU - Sugiura-Ogasawara, Mayumi
AU  - Sugiura-Ogasawara M
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of 
      Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
FAU - Saitoh, Shinji
AU  - Saitoh S
AD  - Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of 
      Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
FAU - Kamijima, Michihiro
AU  - Kamijima M
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate 
      School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, 
      Japan. Electronic address: kamijima@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191112
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - *Food Preferences
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides
MH  - Japan
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Biomonitoring
OT  - *Dialkylphosphates
OT  - *Diaper
OT  - *Exposure source
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *Toddlers
EDAT- 2019/11/16 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/09 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/16 06:00
PHST- 2019/07/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)32679-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105294 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2020 Jan;134:105294. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105294. Epub 2019 Nov 
      12.

PMID- 24291629
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140904
LR  - 20140127
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 472
DP  - 2014 Feb 15
TI  - Revisiting pesticide exposure and children's health: focus on China.
PG  - 289-95
LID - S0048-9697(13)01350-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.067 [doi]
AB  - China is now becoming the largest consumer of pesticides worldwide. In recent years, 
      there has been a heightened public awareness of pesticides and children's health in 
      North America and around the world. Human epidemiological studies have examined the 
      relationship of pesticide exposures with children's health such as neurodevelopment 
      and cancer, and they reported less consistent results. With regard to this topic, 
      however, China is still in the early stages of cross-sectional or case-control 
      design, and few data have been available. Furthermore, we have discussed several 
      important limitations such as study design, exposure measurement, and developmental 
      assessment from current literature, which should be interpreted with caution. We 
      also presented the vulnerability and source of children's exposure to pesticides.
CI  - Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ding, Guodong
AU  - Ding G
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of 
      Medicine, Shanghai, China; MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environment 
      Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 
      China.
FAU - Bao, Yixiao
AU  - Bao Y
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of 
      Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: drsmilebao@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20131130
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Policy
MH  - Environmental Pollution/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Health Policy
MH  - Health Status
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - China
OT  - Health
OT  - Organophosphate
OT  - Pesticide
OT  - Pyrethroid
EDAT- 2013/12/03 06:00
MHDA- 2014/09/05 06:00
CRDT- 2013/12/03 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/10/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/11/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/12/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/12/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/09/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(13)01350-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.067 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2014 Feb 15;472:289-95. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.067. 
      Epub 2013 Nov 30.

PMID- 30427460
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190226
LR  - 20190226
IS  - 1678-4561 (Electronic)
IS  - 1413-8123 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 11
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - Pesticide exposure among students and their families in Nova Friburgo, Rio de 
      Janeiro.
PG  - 3903-3911
LID - S1413-81232018001103903 [pii]
LID - 10.1590/1413-812320182311.27592016 [doi]
AB  - Farming is a risky occupation, especially family farming in developing country. The 
      occupational hazards commonly used in such activity could affect all family members, 
      including children and adolescents. This study describes the pattern of pesticide 
      exposure among students and their families from a farming region located in Nova 
      Friburgo, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sociodemographic characteristics, habits, 
      working practices and the degree of exposure to pesticides were assessed by a 
      questionnaire. Our study population consisted of students and family members of both 
      sexes, aged between 6 and 85 years old (N = 352) being 167 women and 185 men. There 
      was a predominance of participants between 10-19 years (71.3%), singles (77.5%), and 
      most had not completed primary education (54.5%). In terms of occupation, 45.5% 
      reported to be farmers and 39.6% were students. The variables mostly associated with 
      pesticide exposure were sex (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001), and being a 
      farmer (p < 0.001). Our results showed that children and teenagers seemed to have 
      the same degree of exposure to pesticides as the adults. Our findings also suggest 
      that sex, occupation and educational level, despite teachers were included, are 
      directly associated with degree of exposure.
FAU - Veríssimo, Gesiele
AU  - Veríssimo G
AD  - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Av. 
      Horácio Macedo s/n, Fundão. 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.. 
      gesielever@gmail.com.
FAU - Kós, Maria Isabel
AU  - Kós MI
AD  - Faculdade de Fonoaudiologia, UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
FAU - Garcia, Tatiana Rodrigues
AU  - Garcia TR
AD  - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Av. 
      Horácio Macedo s/n, Fundão. 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.. 
      gesielever@gmail.com.
FAU - Ramos, Janinne Alves Dos Santos
AU  - Ramos JADS
AD  - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Av. 
      Horácio Macedo s/n, Fundão. 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.. 
      gesielever@gmail.com.
FAU - Souza, Carolyne Cosme de
AU  - Souza CC
AD  - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Av. 
      Horácio Macedo s/n, Fundão. 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.. 
      gesielever@gmail.com.
FAU - Moreira, Josino Costa
AU  - Moreira JC
AD  - Centro de Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública 
      Sérgio Arouca, Fiocruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
FAU - Meyer, Armando
AU  - Meyer A
AD  - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Av. 
      Horácio Macedo s/n, Fundão. 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.. 
      gesielever@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Cien Saude Colet
JT  - Ciencia & saude coletiva
JID - 9713483
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Brazil
MH  - Child
MH  - Educational Status
MH  - *Family Health
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Occupational Exposure/*analysis
MH  - *Occupational Health
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Students/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2018/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2019/02/27 06:00
CRDT- 2018/11/15 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/02/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1413-81232018001103903 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/1413-812320182311.27592016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cien Saude Colet. 2018 Nov;23(11):3903-3911. doi: 
      10.1590/1413-812320182311.27592016.

PMID- 31719300
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200529
LR  - 20200529
IS  - 0971-5916 (Print)
IS  - 0971-5916 (Linking)
VI  - 150
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019 Sep
TI  - DNA damage induced by exposure to pesticides in children of rural areas in Paraguay.
PG  - 290-296
LID - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1497_17 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Chronic exposure to pesticides can damage DNA and lead to 
      cancer, diabetes, respiratory diseases and neurodegenerative and neurodevelopment 
      disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of DNA damage 
      through the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test in two groups of children, under 
      10 yr of age living in rural Paraguay and in relation to pesticide exposure. 
      METHODS: Two groups of 5 to 10 yr old children were formed; the exposed group (group 
      A, n=43), born and currently living in a community dedicated to family agriculture 
      and surrounded by transgenic soybean crops, and the control group (group B, n=41), 
      born and living in a community dedicated to family agriculture with biological 
      control of pests. For each child, 2000 cells were studied for the MN test and 200 
      cells for the comet assay. RESULTS: The comparison between exposed and control 
      children revealed significant differences in biomarkers studied for the measurement 
      of genetic damage (cell death and DNA damage). The median of MN was higher in the 
      exposed group (6 vs. 1) (P <0.001). Binucleated cells (2.9 vs. 0.5, P <0.001); 
      broken eggs (5.5 vs. 1.0, P <0.001); karyorrhexis (6.7 vs. 0.5, P <0.001); 
      kariolysis (14.0 vs. 1.0, P <0.001); pyknosis (7.4 vs. 1.2, P <0.001) and condensed 
      chromatin (25.5 vs. 7.0, P <0.001) were significantly higher in the exposed group. 
      The values of tail length (59.1 vs 37.2 μm); tail moment (TM) (32.8 vs. 14.4 μm); TM 
      olive (15.5 vs. 6); % DNA tail (45.2 vs. 27.6) and % DNA head (54.8 vs. 72.4), were 
      significantly different between the two groups. INTERPRETATIONS & CONCLUSIONS: In 
      children exposed to pesticides, a greater genotoxic and cytotoxic effect was 
      observed compared to non-exposed children. Our findings suggest that monitoring of 
      genetic toxicity in population exposed to pesticides and agrochemicals should be 
      done.
FAU - Leite, Stela Benitez
AU  - Leite SB
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences of Catholic University 
      'Nuestra Señora de la Asunción', Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Franco de Diana, Deidamia Mercedes
AU  - Franco de Diana DM
AD  - Toxicological Genetics Laboratory of Faculty of Health Sciences of Catholic 
      University 'Nuestra Señora de la Asunción', Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Segovia Abreu, Jaime Alfredo
AU  - Segovia Abreu JA
AD  - Toxicological Genetics Laboratory of Faculty of Health Sciences of Catholic 
      University 'Nuestra Señora de la Asunción', Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Avalos, Domingo Santiago
AU  - Avalos DS
AD  - Educational and Research Area of the General Directorate of Primary Health Care, 
      Ministry of Public Health & Social Welfare, Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Denis, Marta Almada
AU  - Denis MA
AD  - Servicio Paz y Justicia Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Ovelar, Cristina Coronel
AU  - Ovelar CC
AD  - Servicio Paz y Justicia Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Samaniego Royg, María José
AU  - Samaniego Royg MJ
AD  - Toxicological Genetics Laboratory of Faculty of Health Sciences of Catholic 
      University 'Nuestra Señora de la Asunción', Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Thielmann Arbo, Boris Alexei
AU  - Thielmann Arbo BA
AD  - Toxicological Genetics Laboratory of Faculty of Health Sciences of Catholic 
      University 'Nuestra Señora de la Asunción', Asuncion, Paraguay.
FAU - Corvalan, Ramón
AU  - Corvalan R
AD  - Servicio Paz y Justicia Paraguay, Asuncion, Paraguay.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
TA  - Indian J Med Res
JT  - The Indian journal of medical research
JID - 0374701
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.8 (Cholinesterases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Cell Death
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cholinesterases/blood
MH  - *Comet Assay
MH  - DNA/analysis
MH  - *DNA Damage
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Micronucleus Tests
MH  - Mouth Mucosa/drug effects
MH  - Paraguay/epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Plants, Genetically Modified
MH  - Rural Population
PMC - PMC6886144
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Biomonitoring - buccal micronucleus cytome assay - children - comet assay - DNA - 
      pesticides
COIS- None
EDAT- 2019/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/30 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/14 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - IndianJMedRes_2019_150_3_290_270618 [pii]
AID - IJMR-150-290 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1497_17 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian J Med Res. 2019 Sep;150(3):290-296. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1497_17.

PMID- 32750575
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201007
LR  - 20201007
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 746
DP  - 2020 Dec 1
TI  - Exposure and cumulative risk assessment to non-persistent pesticides in Spanish 
      children using biomonitoring.
PG  - 140983
LID - S0048-9697(20)34512-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140983 [doi]
AB  - The main objective of the present research is to evaluate the exposure to pesticides 
      in children (n = 568) from the Valencian Region (Spain). Six non-specific and 20 
      specific metabolites of organophosphate pesticides (OPs), herbicides (Herb), and 
      pyrethroids (Pyr) were analyzed in urine samples. The biomarkers with the highest 
      detection frequencies (>70%) were diethyl phosphate, p-nitrophenol, 3-phenoxybenzoic 
      acid, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, whose geometric mean concentrations 
      (ng·ml-n1) were 1.53, 1.03, 1.51 and 1.19, respectively. Robust regression models 
      showed that the province of residence and the recent consumption of vegetables, 
      legumes and cereals were some of the most important predictors of pesticide 
      exposure. Pesticide risk assessment is estimated using two different strategies: one 
      based on the pesticides' mode of action (MoA); and the other based on cumulative 
      assessment groups (CAGs), proposed by EFSA. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) 
      ranged from 0.08 (chlorpyrifos) to 1.62 μg·kg bw-1 (λ-cyhalothrin). The MoA approach 
      resulted in hazard quotients ranging from 0.01 (chlorpyrifos) to 0.65 
      (λ-cyhalothrin), and a hazard index for OPs lower than 1. Similarly, the risk 
      assessment based on CAGs led to total margins of exposure (MOETs) far from 100. In 
      conclusion, both risk assessment strategies does not reveal any evidence of a 
      potential health risk due to pesticide exposure in Spanish children.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - F Fernández, Sandra
AU  - F Fernández S
AD  - Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian 
      Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Department 
      of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, 
      Spain.
FAU - Pardo, Olga
AU  - Pardo O
AD  - Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian 
      Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Preventive 
      Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 
      Department, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain. 
      Electronic address: pardo_olg@gva.es.
FAU - Corpas-Burgos, Francisca
AU  - Corpas-Burgos F
AD  - Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian 
      Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Yusà, Vicent
AU  - Yusà V
AD  - Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian 
      Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Public 
      Health Laboratory of Valencia, Av. Cataluña, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain. Electronic 
      address: yusa_vic@gva.es.
CN  - BIOVAL task force
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200718
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biological Monitoring
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Spain
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomonitoring
OT  - Children
OT  - Exposure
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Risk assessment
OT  - Urine
COIS- Declaration of competing interest All authors report no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2020/08/05 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/08 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/05 06:00
PHST- 2020/04/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/07/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/05 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(20)34512-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140983 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2020 Dec 1;746:140983. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140983. Epub 
      2020 Jul 18.

PMID- 32316194
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200924
LR  - 20200924
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 8
DP  - 2020 Apr 16
TI  - Respiratory and Allergic Effects in Children Exposed to Pesticides-A Systematic 
      Review.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph17082740 [doi]
LID - 2740
AB  - Pesticide exposure may affect children's respiratory and allergic health, although 
      results from epidemiological studies have not reached consensus. This review aims to 
      analyze the scientific evidence on respiratory and allergic effects of exposure to 
      agricultural pesticides in children aged up to 12 years old. The databases PubMed, 
      Web of Science, Scielo, and Lilacs were screened to select articles published in 
      English, Spanish, or Portuguese, and 21 articles were included in this review. Most 
      investigations were conducted in North America (mostly in the United States), while 
      no studies conducted in Latin America or Africa were found, despite their intensive 
      use of pesticides. Children are exposed to pesticides through multiple pathways from 
      the prenatal period throughout later developmental stages and may experience several 
      respiratory effects. Most studies (79%) found positive associations with pesticide 
      exposure and children's respiratory and allergic effects such as asthma, wheezing, 
      coughs, acute respiratory infections, hay fever, rhinitis, eczema, chronic phlegm, 
      and lung function impairments. Contrastingly, 21% of the studies found no 
      associations between pesticide exposure and children's respiratory health. The vast 
      differences among the characteristics of the studies hamper any comparison of the 
      results. Exposure to pesticides may have several impacts on childhood respiratory 
      health. More studies must be conducted, especially in low- and middle-income 
      countries, preferably with comparable research protocols adapted to local realities. 
      Efforts should be made to develop comprehensive risk mitigation strategies and 
      behavioral interventions to reduce children's exposure to pesticides used in 
      agriculture and respiratory health effects, and to ensure healthy childhood growth.
FAU - Buralli, Rafael Junqueira
AU  - Buralli RJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7006-6177
AD  - Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São 
      Paulo, São Paulo-SP 01246-904, Brazil.
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Public Health Emergency 
      Surveillance, Brazilian Ministry of Health (DSASTE/SVS/MS), Brasília-DF 70723-040, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Dultra, Amana Freitas
AU  - Dultra AF
AD  - Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São 
      Paulo, São Paulo-SP 01246-904, Brazil.
FAU - Ribeiro, Helena
AU  - Ribeiro H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1321-7060
AD  - Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São 
      Paulo, São Paulo-SP 01246-904, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20200416
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Africa
MH  - Animals
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hypersensitivity/etiology
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - North America
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Retrospective Studies
PMC - PMC7254369
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *allergy
OT  - *child
OT  - *lung function
OT  - *pesticide
OT  - *respiratory symptoms
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/25 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/04/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph17082740 [pii]
AID - ijerph-17-02740 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph17082740 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 16;17(8):2740. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph17082740.

PMID- 28237471
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180524
LR  - 20180524
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 587-588
DP  - 2017 Jun 1
TI  - Pesticide exposure in the local community of Vehari District in Pakistan: An 
      assessment of knowledge and residues in human blood.
PG  - 137-144
LID - S0048-9697(17)30327-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.086 [doi]
AB  - The present study is based on cross-sectional data collected from rural and market 
      areas of Vehari District in Pakistan to assess public awareness of pesticide risks 
      and determine the levels of exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the 
      local community. Blood samples were collected from 56 volunteer donors (VDs) 
      including children, female workers, farm workers involved in pesticide business, 
      farm workers involved in pesticide spraying activities, and people who were living 
      away from agricultural fields. Blood analysis showed that VDs who were involved in 
      spraying activities had significantly higher levels of OCP residues in their blood 
      samples than VDs from the other groups, with mean concentrations of 1.13, 0.92, 0.68 
      and 1.96ngmL(-1) for pp-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan, respectively. 
      However, VDs who were living away from agricultural fields had significantly lower 
      levels of pesticide residues in their blood samples, with mean concentrations of 
      0.30, 0.19, 0.14 and 0.41ngmL(-1) for pp-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan, 
      respectively. A survey of 179 volunteer respondents (VRs) showed that a significant 
      proportion of the VRs had little knowledge of using the recommended amounts of 
      pesticides (65.9%). Furthermore, the majority of the VRs was found using limited 
      protective measures during pesticide use (62.6%) and was practising unsafe storage 
      of pesticides (87.7%). In addition, most farm workers (88.8%) reported an increasing 
      trend in pesticide use in their farms each year. Knowledge of pesticide risks on 
      human health increased with formal education and training. Poor knowledge regarding 
      pesticide risks and handling among inhabitants of Vehari District contribute to high 
      exposure levels to OCPs, particularly among farm workers. Findings are useful for 
      policy formulation aimed at reduction of pesticide exposure in Pakistan.
CI  - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Saeed, Muhammad Farhan
AU  - Saeed MF
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan. Electronic address: farhansaeed@ciitvehari.edu.pk.
FAU - Shaheen, Mussarat
AU  - Shaheen M
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Ahmad, Iftikhar
AU  - Ahmad I
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Zakir, Ali
AU  - Zakir A
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Nadeem, Muhammad
AU  - Nadeem M
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Chishti, Arif Ali
AU  - Chishti AA
AD  - Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of 
      Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Shahid, Muhammad
AU  - Shahid M
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Bakhsh, Khuda
AU  - Bakhsh K
AD  - Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, 
      Vehari, Pakistan.
FAU - Damalas, Christos A
AU  - Damalas CA
AD  - Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, GR-68200 
      Orestiada, Greece. Electronic address: chris.damalas@yahoo.gr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170223
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - I0246D2ZS0 (Dieldrin)
RN  - OKA6A6ZD4K (Endosulfan)
RN  - OZE3CLY605 (Aldrin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Aldrin/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Dieldrin/analysis
MH  - Endosulfan/analysis
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis/*blood
MH  - Insecticides/analysis
MH  - Male
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*blood
MH  - Pesticides/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Awareness
OT  - Blood samples
OT  - Farm workers
OT  - Organochlorine pesticides
OT  - Risk
EDAT- 2017/02/27 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/25 06:00
CRDT- 2017/02/27 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/02/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(17)30327-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.086 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2017 Jun 1;587-588:137-144. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.086. 
      Epub 2017 Feb 23.

PMID- 26371195
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160119
LR  - 20151002
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 136
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - Residential Exposure to Pesticide During Childhood and Childhood Cancers: A 
      Meta-Analysis.
PG  - 719-29
LID - 10.1542/peds.2015-0006 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: There is an increasing concern about chronic low-level pesticide exposure 
      during childhood and its influence on childhood cancers. OBJECTIVE: In this 
      meta-analysis, we aimed to examine associations between residential childhood 
      pesticide exposures and childhood cancers. DATA SOURCES: We searched all 
      observational studies published in PubMed before February 2014 and reviewed 
      reference sections of articles derived from searches. STUDY SELECTION: The 
      literature search yielded 277 studies that met inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION: 
      Sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. We calculated effect sizes and 
      95% confidence intervals (CIs) by using a random effect model with inverse variance 
      weights. RESULTS: We found that childhood exposure to indoor but not outdoor 
      residential insecticides was associated with a significant increase in risk of 
      childhood leukemia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.26-1.72; I(2) = 30%) and 
      childhood lymphomas (OR = 1.43; 95% CI, 1.15-1.78; I(2) = 0%). A significant 
      increase in risk of leukemia was also associated with herbicide exposure (OR = 1.26; 
      95% CI, 1.10-1.44; I(2) = 0%). Also observed was a positive but not statistically 
      significant association between childhood home pesticide or herbicide exposure and 
      childhood brain tumors. LIMITATIONS: The small number of studies included in the 
      analysis represents a major limitation of the current analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Results 
      from this meta-analysis indicated that children exposed to indoor insecticides would 
      have a higher risk of childhood hematopoietic cancers. Additional research is needed 
      to confirm the association between residential indoor pesticide exposures and 
      childhood cancers. Meanwhile, preventive measures should be considered to reduce 
      children's exposure to pesticides at home.
CI  - Copyright © 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
FAU - Chen, Mei
AU  - Chen M
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, Massachusetts.
FAU - Chang, Chi-Hsuan
AU  - Chang CH
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, Massachusetts.
FAU - Tao, Lin
AU  - Tao L
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, Massachusetts.
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, Massachusetts cslu@hsph.harvard.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150914
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neoplasms/*chemically induced
MH  - Observational Studies as Topic
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Residence Characteristics
EDAT- 2015/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/20 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - peds.2015-0006 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2015-0006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2015 Oct;136(4):719-29. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0006. Epub 2015 Sep 14.

PMID- 31331061
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191224
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 14
DP  - 2019 Jul 19
TI  - Types of Exposure Pesticide Poisoning in Jiangsu Province, China; The Epidemiologic 
      Trend between 2006 and 2018.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph16142586 [doi]
LID - 2586
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pesticide poisoning is an important issue in rural China, and is also a 
      major public health problem that affects the health of farmers. The purpose of this 
      paper is to explore the epidemiology of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province, and 
      to put forward the relevant suggestions on the logical and discerning utilization of 
      the pesticides. METHODS: According to the data of the pesticide poisoning report 
      card established by the health hazard detection information system, the cases of 
      pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2018 were exported to Excel, 
      and the database of pesticide poisoning was established. Furthermore, the imported 
      data was screened and collected. A descriptive statistical analysis had been 
      employed on this data utilizing SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: Between the years 2006 and 2018, 
      38,513 pesticide poisoning cases were registered in Jiangsu Province, with a 
      downward trend. Meanwhile, 77.83% of poisoning cases involved insecticide poisoning, 
      followed by herbicide and rodenticide. The greater part of the diverse sorts of 
      studied insecticide poisoning cases involved people aged between 30 and 59 years 
      (57.51%). Poisoning cases caused by rodenticide accounted for a large proportion of 
      people aged between 0 and 14 years (23.72%) in non-occupational pesticide poisoning. 
      Regarding seasons, it was distinguished that more insecticide cases were reported in 
      autumn (46.95% of the total number of cases). Pesticide poisoning was reported in 13 
      cities of Jiangsu Province, and among these, insecticide poisoning was reported 
      mainly from the northern Jiangsu area, which was the same as rodenticide and 
      herbicide. CONCLUSIONS: Although there is a decreased risk for pesticide poisoning 
      among farmworkers in Jiangsu Province, the number of farmworkers with pesticide 
      poisoning is still high. Further management of the pesticide utilization is 
      necessary, especially insecticide. More attention ought to be paid to the protection 
      of vulnerable groups, including children and the elderly.
FAU - Wang, Ning
AU  - Wang N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3883-9250
AD  - School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
AD  - Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
FAU - Wang, Boshen
AU  - Wang B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2366-2168
AD  - School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
AD  - Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
FAU - Wen, Jinbo
AU  - Wen J
AD  - Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Huai'an City Center for 
      Disease Control and Prevention, Huai'an 223001, China.
FAU - Li, Xiuting
AU  - Li X
AD  - Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Nanjing 210042, 
      China.
FAU - Pan, Liping
AU  - Pan L
AD  - Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Nanjing 210042, 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, Juan
AU  - Zhang J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4974-4540
AD  - School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
FAU - Zhu, Baoli
AU  - Zhu B
AD  - School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China. 
      zhubl@jscdc.cn.
AD  - Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China. 
      zhubl@jscdc.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190719
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Poisoning/*epidemiology
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6679074
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Epidemiologic trend
OT  - *Pesticide poisoning
OT  - *Policy development
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/07/25 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/25 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/24 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/07/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/07/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/07/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph16142586 [pii]
AID - ijerph-16-02586 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph16142586 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 19;16(14):2586. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph16142586.

PMID- 28934093
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171020
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 125
IP  - 9
DP  - 2017 Sep 8
TI  - Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism 
      Spectrum Disorder.
PG  - 097007
LID - 10.1289/EHP604 [doi]
LID - 097007
AB  - BACKGROUND: Maternal folic acid (FA) protects against developmental toxicity from 
      certain environmental chemicals. OBJECTIVE: We examined combined exposures to 
      maternal FA and pesticides in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: 
      Participants were California children born from 2000-2007 who were enrolled in the 
      Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) case-control study 
      at age 2-5 y, were clinically confirmed to have ASD (n=296) or typical development 
      (n=220), and had information on maternal supplemental FA and pesticide exposures. 
      Maternal supplemental FA and household pesticide product use were retrospectively 
      collected in telephone interviews from 2003-2011. High vs. low daily FA intake was 
      dichotomized at 800μg (median). Mothers' addresses were linked to a statewide 
      database of commercial applications to estimate agricultural pesticide exposure. 
      RESULTS: High FA intake (≥800μg) during the first pregnancy month and no known 
      pesticide exposure was the reference group for all analyses. Compared with this 
      group, ASD was increased in association with <800μg FA and any indoor pesticide 
      exposure {adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 4.7]} 
      compared with low FA [OR=1.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 2.2)] or indoor pesticides [OR=1.7 (95% 
      CI: 1.1, 2.8)] alone. ORs for the combination of low FA and regular pregnancy 
      exposure (≥6 mo) to pet pesticides or to outdoor sprays and foggers were 3.9 (95% 
      CI: 1.4, 11.5) and 4.1 (95% CI: 1.7, 10.1), respectively. ORs for low maternal FA 
      and agricultural pesticide exposure 3 mo before or after conception were 2.2 (95% 
      CI: 0.7, 6.5) for chlorpyrifos, 2.3 (95% CI: 0.98, 5.3) for organophosphates, 2.1 
      (95% CI: 0.9, 4.8) for pyrethroids, and 1.5 (95% CI: 0.5, 4.8) for carbamates. 
      Except for carbamates, these ORs were approximately two times greater than those for 
      either exposure alone or for the expected ORs for combined exposures under 
      multiplicative or additive models. CONCLUSIONS: In this study population, 
      associations between pesticide exposures and ASD were attenuated among those with 
      high versus low FA intake during the first month of pregnancy. Confirmatory and 
      mechanistic studies are needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP604.
FAU - Schmidt, Rebecca J
AU  - Schmidt RJ
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of 
      Medicine , Davis, California, USA.
AD  - Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University 
      of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.
FAU - Kogan, Vladimir
AU  - Kogan V
AD  - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of 
      Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
FAU - Shelton, Janie F
AU  - Shelton JF
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of 
      Medicine , Davis, California, USA.
FAU - Delwiche, Lora
AU  - Delwiche L
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of 
      Medicine , Davis, California, USA.
FAU - Hansen, Robin L
AU  - Hansen RL
AD  - Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University 
      of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Ozonoff, Sally
AU  - Ozonoff S
AD  - Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University 
      of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis 
      School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA.
FAU - Ma, Claudia C
AU  - Ma CC
AD  - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and 
      Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
FAU - McCanlies, Erin C
AU  - McCanlies EC
AD  - Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and 
      Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
FAU - Bennett, Deborah H
AU  - Bennett DH
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of 
      Medicine , Davis, California, USA.
FAU - Hertz-Picciotto, Irva
AU  - Hertz-Picciotto I
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of 
      Medicine , Davis, California, USA.
AD  - Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University 
      of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.
FAU - Tancredi, Daniel J
AU  - Tancredi DJ
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Volk, Heather E
AU  - Volk HE
AD  - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of 
      Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 ES021330/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES011269/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015359/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 HD079125/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES023513/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K12 HD051958/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES019002/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20170908
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid)
SB  - IM
CIN - Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Oct 23;125(10 ):104006. PMID: 29061544
MH  - Adult
MH  - Autism Spectrum Disorder/*epidemiology
MH  - California/epidemiology
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/epidemiology
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Folic Acid/*therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology
PMC - PMC5915192
EDAT- 2017/09/22 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2017/09/22 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/03/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/09/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/09/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - EHP604 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/EHP604 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Sep 8;125(9):097007. doi: 10.1289/EHP604.

PMID- 32794158
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210624
LR  - 20210624
IS  - 1687-1634 (Electronic)
IS  - 1020-3397 (Linking)
VI  - 26
IP  - 7
DP  - 2020 Jul 23
TI  - The dilemma of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in the Eastern 
      Mediterranean Region.
PG  - 760-761
LID - 10.26719/2020.26.7.760 [doi]
AB  - In the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), over 100 
      million people fall ill every year from foodborne diseases, of whom an estimated 37 
      000 die annually (disproportionally children). A number of studies have identified a 
      clear relationship between occupational exposure to pesticides and a number of 
      noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). For example, respiratory symptoms were reported in 
      65.9% of farmers exposed to pesticides in Pakistan; lymphoproliferative disorders 
      following exposure to pesticides in Egypt; and hepatocellular carcinoma in Yemen 
      with 73.7% of farmers having a history of chemical contact with insecticides or 
      fertilizers. However, a challenging task regarding the burden of foodborne disease 
      is the attribution to chemicals in food as a source for NCDs, since this requires 
      long-term epidemiological and exposure monitoring data.
CI  - Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2020. Open Access. Some rights reserved. 
      This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license 
      (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).
FAU - Verger, Philippe
AU  - Verger P
AD  - Advisor Food Safety, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern 
      Mediterranean Centre for Environmental Health Action (CEHA).
FAU - Al-Yousfi, A Basel
AU  - Al-Yousfi AB
AD  - Director, World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean 
      Centre for Environmental Health Action (CEHA), Amman, Jordan.
LA  - eng
GR  - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International
PT  - Editorial
DEP - 20200723
PL  - Egypt
TA  - East Mediterr Health J
JT  - Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee 
      orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit
JID - 9608387
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Egypt/epidemiology
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mediterranean Region/epidemiology
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - *Pesticide Residues/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Vegetables
MH  - Yemen
EDAT- 2020/08/15 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/25 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/15 06:00
PHST- 2020/08/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.26719/2020.26.7.760 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - East Mediterr Health J. 2020 Jul 23;26(7):760-761. doi: 10.26719/2020.26.7.760.

PMID- 30466012
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191210
LR  - 20191217
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 169
DP  - 2019 Feb
TI  - Pesticides Exposure by Air in Vineyard Rural Area and Respiratory Health in 
      Children: A pilot study.
PG  - 189-195
LID - S0013-9351(18)30572-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.002 [doi]
AB  - RATIONALE: Asthma, frequently associated with rhinitis, is the most common chronic 
      disease in children, and a significant role is played by a range of environmental 
      exposures. Among them, air pollution is of foremost concern. However, little is 
      known about the impact of airborne pesticide exposure on children's respiratory 
      health in rural areas. The objective of this study was to analyze the association 
      between airborne pesticide exposure and asthma and rhinitis in children. METHODS: In 
      a French vineyard rural area, children (3-10 years old) from 4 selected schools were 
      invited to participate in this study over two periods: winter, with no or low air 
      pesticide levels, and summer when fields are frequently treated with pesticides. Two 
      health outcomes were considered: asthma and rhinitis symptoms (ISAAC questionnaire), 
      and peak expiratory flow (PEF). A quantitative score of symptoms was built. Exposure 
      to pesticides was evaluated 1) by measuring 56 pesticides in the ambient outdoor air 
      around schools in the two periods and building a cumulative exposure index, and 2) 
      by measuring ethylenethiourea (ETU) concentrations in urine in a subsample of 
      children (n = 96), ETU being a urine biomarker of exposure to dithiocarbamates 
      fungicides. Next, the association between pesticide exposure and respiratory health 
      was studied using a logistic regression model, adjusted for confounders and 
      respiratory status at baseline. RESULTS: 281 children participated in the study (47% 
      girls, mean age: 7.5 yrs). 25% of the children were living on a farm. 22% had 
      experienced wheezing at least once. 15.8% had asthma diagnosed by a doctor, 12% had 
      current asthma and 35% had allergic rhinitis. The main pesticides detected in the 
      ambient outdoor air around schools were fungicides (89,3%; mainly folpet and 
      dithiocarbamates) and insecticides (10.6%). No association was found between the 
      symptom score and pesticides in the outdoor air around schools during summer, when 
      pesticides were applied to vineyards. However, an association was found between ETU 
      urinary concentration (>0.974 μg/g creatinine) and asthma and rhinitis symptoms 
      (OR=3.56; IC 95% 1.04-12.12). This result could be explained by extracurricular 
      exposure, which was not considered in our air measurements in the schools. No 
      association was found between peak expiratory flow and exposure to pesticides in the 
      air. CONCLUSIONS: Children living in vineyard rural areas are at a higher risk of 
      airborne dithiocarbamates exposure during the summer period. Despite the limited 
      size of our sample, our results suggest possible links between some pesticide 
      measurements and respiratory and allergic symptoms such as rhinitis.
CI  - Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Raherison, C
AU  - Raherison C
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CHU 
      Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: Chantal.raherison-semjen@u-bordeaux.fr.
FAU - Baldi, I
AU  - Baldi I
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Pouquet, M
AU  - Pouquet M
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Berteaud, E
AU  - Berteaud E
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Moesch, C
AU  - Moesch C
AD  - Service de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France.
FAU - Bouvier, G
AU  - Bouvier G
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Canal-Raffin, M
AU  - Canal-Raffin M
AD  - Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team EPICENE, 
      UMR 1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et de 
      Toxicologie, CHU Bordeaux, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20181110
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Air
MH  - *Air Pollutants
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Farms
MH  - Female
MH  - Health
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Respiratory Tract Diseases/*epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Asthma
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Ethylene-thiourea
OT  - *Pesticide exposure
OT  - *Rhinitis
OT  - *Urine biomarkers
EDAT- 2018/11/23 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00
CRDT- 2018/11/23 06:00
PHST- 2018/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/10/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/23 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(18)30572-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Feb;169:189-195. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Nov 
      10.

PMID- 24121005
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140723
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1872-9711 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-813X (Print)
IS  - 0161-813X (Linking)
VI  - 39
DP  - 2013 Dec
TI  - Neurodevelopmental effects in children associated with exposure to organophosphate 
      pesticides: a systematic review.
PG  - 158-68
LID - S0161-813X(13)00151-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.003 [doi]
AB  - Many studies have investigated the neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal and early 
      childhood exposures to organophosphate (OP) pesticides among children, but they have 
      not been collectively evaluated. The aim of the present article is to synthesize 
      reported evidence over the last decade on OP exposure and neurodevelopmental effects 
      in children. The Data Sources were PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, SciVerse Scopus, 
      SpringerLink, SciELO and DOAJ. The eligibility criteria considered were studies 
      assessing exposure to OP pesticides and neurodevelopmental effects in children from 
      birth to 18 years of age, published between 2002 and 2012 in English or Spanish. 
      Twenty-seven articles met the eligibility criteria. Studies were rated for 
      evidential consideration as high, intermediate, or low based upon the study design, 
      number of participants, exposure measurement, and neurodevelopmental measures. All 
      but one of the 27 studies evaluated showed some negative effects of pesticides on 
      neurobehavioral development. A positive dose-response relationship between OP 
      exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes was found in all but one of the 12 studies 
      that assessed dose-response. In the ten longitudinal studies that assessed prenatal 
      exposure to OPs, cognitive deficits (related to working memory) were found in 
      children at age 7 years, behavioral deficits (related to attention) seen mainly in 
      toddlers, and motor deficits (abnormal reflexes) seen mainly in neonates. No 
      meta-analysis was possible due to different measurements of exposure assessment and 
      outcomes. Eleven studies (all longitudinal) were rated high, 14 studies were rated 
      intermediate, and two studies were rated low. Evidence of neurological deficits 
      associated with exposure to OP pesticides in children is growing. The studies 
      reviewed collectively support the hypothesis that exposure to OP pesticides induces 
      neurotoxic effects. Further research is needed to understand effects associated with 
      exposure in critical windows of development.
CI  - Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa
AU  - Muñoz-Quezada MT
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, 
      Talca, Región del Maule, Chile. Electronic address: mtmunozq@gmail.com.
FAU - Lucero, Boris A
AU  - Lucero BA
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Steenland, Kyle
AU  - Steenland K
FAU - Levy, Karen
AU  - Levy K
FAU - Ryan, P Barry
AU  - Ryan PB
FAU - Iglesias, Veronica
AU  - Iglesias V
FAU - Alvarado, Sergio
AU  - Alvarado S
FAU - Concha, Carlos
AU  - Concha C
FAU - Rojas, Evelyn
AU  - Rojas E
FAU - Vega, Catalina
AU  - Vega C
LA  - eng
GR  - D43 TW005746/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES015465/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5R21ES015465-02/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43 TW 05746-02/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20131009
TA  - Neurotoxicology
JT  - Neurotoxicology
JID - 7905589
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Developmental Disabilities/*chemically induced
MH  - Disease Susceptibility
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*etiology
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
PMC - PMC3899350
MID - NIHMS531225
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - Environmental exposure
OT  - Health
OT  - Neurodevelopment
OT  - Neurotoxicant
OT  - Organophosphate pesticides
COIS- Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that there are no conflicts of 
      interest.
EDAT- 2013/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/24 06:00
CRDT- 2013/10/15 06:00
PHST- 2013/02/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/09/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/10/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0161-813X(13)00151-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotoxicology. 2013 Dec;39:158-68. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.09.003. Epub 2013 Oct 
      9.

PMID- 34557296
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211021
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2046-1402 (Electronic)
IS  - 2046-1402 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2020
TI  - Chlorpyrifos and other pesticide exposure and suspected developmental delay in 
      children aged under 5 years: a case-control study in Phitsanulok, Thailand.
PG  - 1501
LID - 10.12688/f1000research.27874.5 [doi]
AB  - Background: Developmental delay among children under 5 years of age is a serious 
      global public health problem and much research has been carried out to find 
      potential causes. Pesticides - especially organophosphates - are suspected to be one 
      of the main causes of the problem.  This study aimed to investigate the association 
      between pesticide use by the mother during pregnancy and preschool children 
      development using a case-control study. Methods: Data on prenatal and postnatal 
      pesticide exposure of 442 children with suspected developmental delay, and 413 
      controls with normal development were included for analysis. The children were 
      matched for gender, age, and residency. Data on pesticide exposure were collected 
      via interview with the mother, and data on pregnancy outcomes abstracted from 
      hospital records.   Results: Chlorpyrifos exposure significantly increased the risk 
      of developmental delay with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.71 (95% CI 1.03-13.36) for ever 
      use of the pesticide, and an OR of 5.92 (95% CI 1.01-34.68) for postnatal exposure 
      (p <0.05). Some other pesticides also had a positive association with developmental 
      delay but none were statistically significant (p <0.05). Those pesticides were 
      insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, and molluscicide. Individual pesticides with a 
      positive association were glyphosate, paraquat, butachlor, methyl parathion 
      (pholidon), savin, methomyl, endosulfan, carbosulfan, methamidophos, monochrotofos, 
      mancozeb, and bordeaumixture. Conclusions: This case-control study found that 
      chlorpyrifos and some other pesticides exposure during pregnancy were positively 
      associated with developmental delay in children aged under 5 years. Further research 
      should be conducted to better understand this potential effects of pesticides on 
      child neurodevelopment, and the public - especially those who plan to have families 
      - should be informed.
CI  - Copyright: © 2021 Juntarawijit Y et al.
FAU - Juntarawijit, Yuwayong
AU  - Juntarawijit Y
AD  - Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
FAU - Chaichanawirote, Uraiwan
AU  - Chaichanawirote U
AD  - Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
FAU - Rakmeesri, Paphada
AU  - Rakmeesri P
AD  - Faculty of Nursing, Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University, Kamphaeng Phet, 62000, 
      Thailand.
FAU - Chairattanasakda, Punaphop
AU  - Chairattanasakda P
AD  - Krabpung Health Promoting Hospital, Bangrakam District Health Office, Phitsanulok, 
      65140, Thailand.
FAU - Pumyim, Varintorn
AU  - Pumyim V
AD  - Jomthong Health Promoting Hospital, Muang District Health Office, Phitsanulok, 
      65000, Thailand.
FAU - Juntarawijit, Chudchawal
AU  - Juntarawijit C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0321-5325
AD  - Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 
      65000, Thailand.
LA  - eng
SI  - figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.13238501
SI  - figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.13238507.v2
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20201223
PL  - England
TA  - F1000Res
JT  - F1000Research
JID - 101594320
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Chlorpyrifos/toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Outcome
MH  - Thailand
PMC - PMC8442115
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Developmental disorder
OT  - *child developmental delay
OT  - *chlorpyrifos
OT  - *neurodevelopmental toxicity
OT  - *pesticides neurotoxicity
COIS- No competing interests were disclosed.
EDAT- 2021/09/28 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/28 06:00
CRDT- 2021/09/27 06:09
PHST- 2021/08/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/27 06:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/09/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.12688/f1000research.27874.5 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - F1000Res. 2020 Dec 23;9:1501. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.27874.5. eCollection 2020.

PMID- 27352113
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170228
LR  - 20170817
IS  - 1556-9519 (Electronic)
IS  - 1556-3650 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 9
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years 
      in Texas, 2000-2013.
PG  - 852-856
AB  - CONTEXT: Although national poison center data show that pesticides were the 8th most 
      commonly reported substance category (3.27%) for children aged ≤5 years in 2014, 
      there is limited information on childhood and adolescent pesticide exposures. 
      OBJECTIVE: This study assessed pesticide-related poison center exposures in children 
      and adolescents aged ≤19 years from 2000-2013 in Texas to characterize the potential 
      burden of pesticides. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pesticide-related poison center 
      exposures among children and adolescents aged ≤19 years reported to Texas poison 
      centers were identified. The distribution of exposures was estimated by gender, age 
      category, medical outcome, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category. 
      RESULTS: From 2000 to 2013, there were 61,147 pesticide-related poison center 
      exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years. The prevalence was highest 
      among males at 864.24 per 100,000 population. The prevalence of unintentional 
      exposures was highest among children aged ≤5 years at 2310.69 per 100,000 
      population, whereas the prevalence of intentional exposures was highest among 
      adolescents aged 13-19 years at 13.82 per 100,000 population. A majority of medical 
      outcomes reported were classified as having no effect (30.24%) and not followed, but 
      minimal clinical effects possible (42.74%). Of all the exposures, 81.24% were 
      managed on site. However, 57% of intentional exposures were referred to or treated 
      at a health-care facility. The most common routes of exposure were ingestion 
      (80.83%) and dermal (17.21%). The most common pesticide categories included 
      rodenticides (30.02%), pyrethrins/pyrethroids (20.69%), and other and unspecified 
      insecticides (18.14%). DISCUSSION: The study found differences in the frequency of 
      exposures by intent for sex and age categories, and identified the most common 
      medical outcomes, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category. 
      CONCLUSION: Through characterizing pesticide-related poison center exposures, future 
      interventions can be designed to address groups with higher prevalence of exposure.
FAU - Trueblood, Amber B
AU  - Trueblood AB
AD  - a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , Texas A&M Health Science 
      Center School of Public Health , College Station , TX , USA.
FAU - Forrester, Mathias B
AU  - Forrester MB
AD  - b Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Poison Control Program 
      , Texas Department of State Health Services , Austin , TX , USA.
FAU - Han, Daikwon
AU  - Han D
AD  - c Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics , Texas A&M Health Science Center 
      School of Public Health , College Station , TX , USA.
FAU - Shipp, Eva M
AU  - Shipp EM
AD  - d Center for Transportation Safety , Texas A&M Transportation Institute , College 
      Station , TX , USA.
FAU - Cizmas, Leslie H
AU  - Cizmas LH
AD  - a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , Texas A&M Health Science 
      Center School of Public Health , College Station , TX , USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160628
PL  - England
TA  - Clin Toxicol (Phila)
JT  - Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
JID - 101241654
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
RN  - 0 (Rodenticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Age Distribution
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*poisoning
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Poison Control Centers/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Pyrethrins/poisoning
MH  - Rodenticides/*poisoning
MH  - Sex Distribution
MH  - Texas/epidemiology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Adolescents
OT  - *children
OT  - *pesticides
OT  - *poison center
EDAT- 2016/06/29 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/01 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/29 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/06/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/15563650.2016.1201676 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016 Nov;54(9):852-856. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1201676. 
      Epub 2016 Jun 28.

PMID- 22470279
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120619
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Jan
TI  - Relative pesticide and exposure route contribution to aggregate and cumulative dose 
      in young farmworker children.
PG  - 73-96
LID - 10.3390/ijerph9010073 [doi]
AB  - The Child-Specific Aggregate Cumulative Human Exposure and Dose (CACHED) framework 
      integrates micro-level activity time series with mechanistic exposure equations, 
      environmental concentration distributions, and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic 
      components to estimate exposure for multiple routes and chemicals. CACHED was 
      utilized to quantify cumulative and aggregate exposure and dose estimates for a 
      population of young farmworker children and to evaluate the model for chlorpyrifos 
      and diazinon. Micro-activities of farmworker children collected concurrently with 
      residential measurements of pesticides were used in the CACHED framework to simulate 
      115,000 exposure scenarios and quantify cumulative and aggregate exposure and dose 
      estimates. Modeled metabolite urine concentrations were not statistically different 
      than concentrations measured in the urine of children, indicating that CACHED can 
      provide realistic biomarker estimates. Analysis of the relative contribution of 
      exposure route and pesticide indicates that in general, chlorpyrifos non-dietary 
      ingestion exposure accounts for the largest dose, confirming the importance of the 
      micro-activity approach. The risk metrics computed from the 115,000 simulations, 
      indicate that greater than 95% of these scenarios might pose a risk to children's 
      health from aggregate chlorpyrifos exposure. The variability observed in the route 
      and pesticide contributions to urine biomarker levels demonstrate the importance of 
      accounting for aggregate and cumulative exposure in establishing pesticide residue 
      tolerances in food.
FAU - Beamer, Paloma I
AU  - Beamer PI
AD  - Environmental Health Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 
      University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave, PO Box 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. 
      pbeamer@email.arizona.edu
FAU - Canales, Robert A
AU  - Canales RA
FAU - Ferguson, Alesia C
AU  - Ferguson AC
FAU - Leckie, James O
AU  - Leckie JO
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P42 ES004940/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES04940/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5P01 ES09605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120103
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
PMC - PMC3315066
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *children
OT  - *farmworker
OT  - *micro-activity
OT  - *mixtures
OT  - *organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *physiologically-based pharmacokinetic
OT  - *risk
EDAT- 2012/04/04 06:00
MHDA- 2012/06/20 06:00
CRDT- 2012/04/04 06:00
PHST- 2011/10/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/12/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/12/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/04/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/04/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/06/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph9010073 [pii]
AID - ijerph-09-00073 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph9010073 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Jan;9(1):73-96. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9010073. 
      Epub 2012 Jan 3.

PMID- 21725072
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120222
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1470-7926 (Electronic)
IS  - 1351-0711 (Linking)
VI  - 69
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Assessment of long-term and recent pesticide exposure among rural school children in 
      Nicaragua.
PG  - 119-25
LID - 10.1136/oem.2010.062539 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This study assessed pesticide exposure of children in rural Nicaragua in 
      relation to parental pesticide use, from around conception to current school age, as 
      part of an epidemiological evaluation of neurodevelopment effects. METHODS: We 
      included 132 children whose parents were subsistence farmers or plantation workers, 
      or had an agricultural history. As proxies for children's long-term exposures, we 
      constructed cumulative parental pesticide-specific use indices for periods before 
      and after the child's birth from data obtained using an icon-calendar-based 
      questionnaire, of application hours (h) for plantation workers and subsistence 
      farmers, and of kilograms of active ingredients (ai) only for subsistence farmers. 
      Pesticide residues of TCPY, 3-PBA and 2,4-D were analysed in children's urine as 
      indicators for current exposures. RESULTS: Life-time indices were highest for the 
      organophosphates chlorpyrifos (median 114 h (min 2; max 1584), 19.2 kg ai (min 0.37; 
      max 548)) and methamidophos (84 h (6; 1964), 12.2 kg ai (0.30; 780)). The P50 values 
      of children's urinary residues were 3.7 μg/g creatinine for TCPY, 2.8 for 3-PBA and 
      0.9 for 2,4-D; TCPY values are comparable with those in other countries, but 3-PBA 
      and 2,4-D are considerably higher. The maximum levels for all three pesticides are 
      the highest reported for children. Residues increased on days after application, but 
      most high residue levels were unrelated to parental pesticide applications. 
      CONCLUSION: Urinary pesticide residues reveal high environmental exposure among 
      children in rural Nicaragua. The quantitative parental pesticide use indices as 
      proxies for children's exposures during different periods may be useful for the 
      evaluation of developmental health effects.
FAU - Rodríguez, Teresa
AU  - Rodríguez T
AD  - Center for Research in Health, Work and Environment (CISTA), National Autonomous 
      University of Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua. teresar66@gmail.com
FAU - van Wendel de Joode, Berna
AU  - van Wendel de Joode B
FAU - Lindh, Christian H
AU  - Lindh CH
FAU - Rojas, Marianela
AU  - Rojas M
FAU - Lundberg, Ingvar
AU  - Lundberg I
FAU - Wesseling, Catharina
AU  - Wesseling C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110701
PL  - England
TA  - Occup Environ Med
JT  - Occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 9422759
RN  - 0 (Organothiophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 8Z083FM94W (methamidophos)
RN  - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/*urine
MH  - Creatinine/urine
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Nicaragua
MH  - Organothiophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Parents
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Time
EDAT- 2011/07/05 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/23 06:00
CRDT- 2011/07/05 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/07/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - oem.2010.062539 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/oem.2010.062539 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Occup Environ Med. 2012 Feb;69(2):119-25. doi: 10.1136/oem.2010.062539. Epub 2011 
      Jul 1.

PMID- 20639183
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110503
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 118
IP  - 11
DP  - 2010 Nov
TI  - Assessing children's dietary pesticide exposure: direct measurement of pesticide 
      residues in 24-hr duplicate food samples.
PG  - 1625-30
LID - 10.1289/ehp.1002044 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The data presented here are a response to calls for more direct 
      measurements of pesticide residues in foods consumed by children and provide an 
      opportunity to compare direct measures of pesticide residues in foods representing 
      actual consumption with those reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 
      Pesticide Data Program. OBJECTIVE: We measured pesticide residues in 24-hr duplicate 
      food samples collected from a group of 46 young children participating in the 
      Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (CPES). METHODS: Parents were instructed to 
      collect 24-hr duplicate food samples of all conventional fruits, vegetables, and 
      fruit juices equal to the quantity consumed by their children, similarly prewashed/ 
      prepared, and from the same source or batch. Individual or composite food items were 
      analyzed for organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid insecticide residues. RESULTS: We 
      collected a total of 239 24-hr duplicate food samples collected from the 46 CPES 
      children. We found 14% or 5% of those food samples contained at least one OP or 
      pyrethroid insecticide, respectively. We measured a total of 11 OP insecticides, at 
      levels ranging from 1 to 387 ng/g, and three pyrethroid insecticides, at levels 
      ranging from 2 to 1,133 ng/g, in children's food samples. We found that many of the 
      food items consumed by the CPES children were also on the list of the most 
      contaminated food commodities reported by the Environmental Working Group. 
      CONCLUSIONS: The frequent consumption of food commodities with episodic presence of 
      pesticide residues that are suspected to cause developmental and neurological 
      effects in young children supports the need for further mitigation.
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
AD  - Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, 
      Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. cslu@hsph.harvard.edu
FAU - Schenck, Frank J
AU  - Schenck FJ
FAU - Pearson, Melanie A
AU  - Pearson MA
FAU - Wong, Jon W
AU  - Wong JW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Beverages/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Food Analysis
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*analysis
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Pyrethrins/analysis
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
PMC - PMC2974704
EDAT- 2010/07/20 06:00
MHDA- 2011/05/04 06:00
CRDT- 2010/07/20 06:00
PHST- 2010/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/06/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/07/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/07/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/07/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/05/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - ehp-118-1625 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.1002044 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Nov;118(11):1625-30. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1002044.

PMID- 31785528
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200727
LR  - 20200727
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 134
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Cumulative exposure to organic pollutants of French children assessed by hair 
      analysis.
PG  - 105332
LID - S0160-4120(19)32722-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105332 [doi]
AB  - Children represent one of the most vulnerable parts of the population regarding the 
      effects of pollutants exposure on health. In this study, hair samples were collected 
      between October 2013 and August 2015 from 142 French children originating from 
      different geographical areas (urban and rural) and analysed with a GC/MS-MS method, 
      allowing for the detection of 55 biomarkers for pesticides and metabolites both 
      persistent and non-persistent from different families, including: organochlorines, 
      organophosphates, pyrethroids, azoles, dinitroanilines, oxadiazines, phenylpyrazoles 
      and carboxamidas; 4 polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and 5 polybromodiphenylethers 
      (PBDEs). The number of compounds detected in each sample ranged from 9 up to 37 (21 
      on average), which clearly highlighted the cumulative exposure of the children. The 
      results also showed a wide range of concentration of the pollutants in hair (often 
      more than 100 times higher in the most exposed child compared to the less exposed), 
      suggesting significant disparities in the exposure level, even in children living in 
      the same area. In addition to the detection of currently used chemicals, the 
      presence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in children also suggests that the 
      French population is still exposed to POPs nowadays. PCP, DEP, PNP, 3Me4NP, 
      trans-Cl2CA, 3PBA, fipronil and fipronil sulfone, presented statistically 
      significant higher concentration in the hair of boys compared to girls. PCP, PNP and 
      3Me4NP presented statistically significant higher concentration in younger children. 
      Finally, this study also suggests that local environmental contamination would not 
      be the main source of exposure, and that individual specificities (habits, diet…) 
      would be the main contributors to the exposure to the pollutants analysed here. The 
      present study strongly supports the relevance of hair for the biomonitoring of 
      exposure and provides the first values of organic pollutant concentration in the 
      hair of French children.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Iglesias-González, Alba
AU  - Iglesias-González A
AD  - Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1-A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, 
      Luxembourg; University of Luxembourg, 2, avenue de l'Université, L-4365 
      Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. Electronic address: alba.iglesiasgonzalez@lih.lu.
FAU - Hardy, Emily M
AU  - Hardy EM
AD  - Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1-A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, 
      Luxembourg.
FAU - Appenzeller, Brice M R
AU  - Appenzeller BMR
AD  - Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1-A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, 
      Luxembourg.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191127
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - France
MH  - *Hair Analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Exposure
OT  - *Hair analysis
OT  - *Organic pollutants
EDAT- 2019/12/01 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/28 06:00
CRDT- 2019/12/01 06:00
PHST- 2019/07/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/11/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)32722-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105332 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2020 Jan;134:105332. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105332. Epub 2019 Nov 
      27.

PMID- 16510633
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060322
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 3
DP  - 2006 Mar
TI  - Pesticide exposure and stunting as independent predictors of neurobehavioral 
      deficits in Ecuadorian school children.
PG  - e546-56
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To examine possible effects on blood pressure, neurological function, 
      and neurobehavioral tests in school-aged children with and without prenatal 
      pesticide exposure in an area where stunting is common. METHODS: In a community of 
      Northern Ecuador with intensive floriculture and a high female employment rate, we 
      invited 79 children attending the 2 lowest grades of a public school for clinical 
      examinations. In addition to a thorough physical examination, we administered simple 
      reaction time, Santa Ana dexterity test, Stanford-Binet copying, and Wechsler 
      Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Digit Spans forward. Maternal interview 
      included detailed assessment of occupational history to determine pesticide exposure 
      during pregnancy. Recent and current pesticide exposure was assessed by erythrocyte 
      acetylcholine esterase activity and urinary excretion of organophosphate 
      metabolites. RESULTS: All eligible children participated in the study, but 7 
      children were excluded from data analysis due to other disease or age >9 years. A 
      total of 31 of the remaining 72 children were classified as stunted based on their 
      height for age. Maternal occupational history revealed that 37 children had been 
      exposed to pesticides during development. After confounder adjustment, prenatal 
      pesticide exposure was associated with a higher systolic blood pressure than in the 
      controls. On neurological examination, 14 exposed children and 9 controls showed > 
      or =1 abnormalities. Of 5 neurobehavioral tests, the Stanford-Binet copying test 
      showed a lower drawing score for copying designs in exposed children than in 
      controls. Stunting was associated with a lower score on this test only, and both 
      risk factors remained statistically significant in a multiple regression analysis 
      with adjustment for demographic and social confounders. Increased excretion of 
      dimethyl and diethyl metabolites of organophosphates was associated with increased 
      reaction time and no other outcomes. CONCLUSION: Prenatal pesticide exposure may 
      cause lasting neurotoxic damage and add to the adverse effects of malnutrition in 
      developing countries. The effects differ from those due to acute pesticide exposure.
FAU - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Grandjean P
AD  - Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 
      pgrand@hsph.harvard.edu
FAU - Harari, Raul
AU  - Harari R
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Debes, Frodi
AU  - Debes F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Pressure
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Development
MH  - Ecuador
MH  - Female
MH  - Growth Disorders/*chemically induced
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intelligence
MH  - Male
MH  - *Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - *Psychomotor Performance
EDAT- 2006/03/03 09:00
MHDA- 2006/03/23 09:00
CRDT- 2006/03/03 09:00
PHST- 2006/03/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/03/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/03/03 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 117/3/e546 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2005-1781 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2006 Mar;117(3):e546-56. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1781.

PMID- 33472592
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210514
LR  - 20210514
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan 20
TI  - Maternal pesticide exposure and child neuro-development among smallholder tomato 
      farmers in the southern corridor of Tanzania.
PG  - 171
LID - 10.1186/s12889-020-10097-6 [doi]
LID - 171
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to pesticides with its associated effects prenatally and in 
      early childhood has not received much attention. There is little scientific data on 
      this aspect in Tanzania therefore this study was meant to contribute to the deficit 
      in the subject. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted to a sample of 286 
      participants of mother to child pair, whereby 172 and 114 were exposed and 
      non-exposed respectively. Mothers who had been working in tomato sprayed farms were 
      exposed and mothers who had not been working in the tomato sprayed farms were 
      un-exposed. Child aged 0-6 years was chosen from each mother sampled but only one 
      child found to be the youngest with the classified age was enrolled. Malawi child 
      development Tool (M-DAT) was employed to assess the child level of development, 
      height, and weight of the children were collected and analyzed by the WHO 
      anthropometric calculator. A checklist and questionnaire were used to observe and 
      assess maternal exposure. Bivariate and Multivariate analysis were conducted to 
      assess the relationship between various factors of exposure. RESULTS: Overall 15% of 
      the children examined were not well developed and the most used pesticides were 
      those posing neuro-development effects. On the bivariate analysis model, mothers who 
      worked while pregnant were more likely to have a child with neuro-developmental 
      effect OR=5.8(1.29-26.3). On multivariate analyses adjusted for age of the mother, 
      variables which remain in the model were a distance from home [AOR=9.4(4.2-20.5)], 
      and working while pregnancy [AOR=5.8(1.29-26.3)] other were removed due to 
      collinearity effect. None of confounders had a potential significant effect but only 
      nutrition seems to be the effect modifier [AOR=7.8(1.29-36.3)] when analyzed with 
      working while pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study have indicated 
      that maternal pesticide exposure among farmworker residents in the SAGCOT area has a 
      potential association with child developmental effect.
FAU - Chilipweli, Peter M
AU  - Chilipweli PM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8466-8897
AD  - Department of environmental health sciences, Ruaha catholic university (RUCU), 
      P.O.BOX 774, Iringa, Tanzania. chilipwelipeter64@gmail.com.
FAU - Ngowi, Aiwerasia Vera
AU  - Ngowi AV
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and 
      Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, 
      Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
FAU - Manji, Karim
AU  - Manji K
AD  - Department of Paediatrics and child Health, School of Medicine Muhimbili University 
      of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.BOX 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210120
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
MH  - *Lycopersicon esculentum
MH  - Malawi
MH  - Maternal Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Tanzania/epidemiology
PMC - PMC7818734
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Child neuro-development
OT  - *Exposure scenario
OT  - *Malawi child development tool
OT  - *Maternal exposure
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Smallholder tomato farmer
OT  - *Southern agricultural growth corridor
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/01/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/01/21 05:24
PHST- 2020/01/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/21 05:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-020-10097-6 [pii]
AID - 10097 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-020-10097-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 20;21(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10097-6.

PMID- 32335427
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201120
LR  - 20201120
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 186
DP  - 2020 Jul
TI  - Urinary levels of organophosphate pesticides and predictors of exposure in 
      pre-school and school children living in agricultural and urban communities from 
      south Spain.
PG  - 109459
LID - S0013-9351(20)30352-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109459 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread use of organophosphate (OP) pesticides, 
      information on predictors of children's exposure to such pesticides is scarce. 
      OBJECTIVE: To assess exposure to OP pesticides in children 3-11 year-old living in 
      agricultural communities and urban areas from Andalusia (Southern Spain), and to 
      identify the main determinants of exposure. METHODS: A longitudinal study was 
      conducted in children 3-11-year-old children living in agricultural communities and 
      urban areas from the provinces of Almeria, Granada and Huelva (Andalusia, Spain) 
      between 2010 and 2011. Urinary levels of six dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites were 
      measured by UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS at the periods of low and high pesticide use in the 
      agriculture (LPU and HPU, respectively). Information on sociodemographic 
      characteristics, parental occupation, residential history, lifestyle and diet, among 
      other relevant factors, was obtained from questionnaires administered to the 
      mothers. RESULTS: A total of 559 and 597 children participated in LPU and HPU 
      periods, respectively. The proportion of urine samples below LOD was 67.4% for ΣDMs 
      (sum of dimethyl metabolites), 77% for ΣDEs (sum of diethyl metabolites) and 58.5% 
      for ΣDAPs (sum of total dialkylphosphate metabolites) in LPU period, and 50.4% for 
      ΣDMs, 65.3% for ΣDEs and 43.9% for ΣDAPs in HPU period. Significantly greater 
      urinary ΣDAP, ΣDM and ΣDE levels were observed in HPU relative to LPU period. 
      Maternal schooling years, proximity of the house to crops or greenhouses, use of 
      insecticides at home, spraying the garden with pesticides, storage of pesticides at 
      home, house cleaning frequency, as well as child's frequency of bath/shower, were 
      found to be the major predictors of urinary levels of ΣDAP. Likewise, not washing 
      fruit and vegetables before consumption and banana consumption were also identified 
      as determinants of the exposure levels. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary levels of metabolites 
      of OP pesticides found in this study were relatively lower compared to similar 
      studies. DAP levels were significantly increased in HPU period. Maternal schooling 
      years and variables related to residential environment and home exposures were 
      identified as the most relevant determinants of DAP metabolites. Regarding diet, 
      banana consumption and not washing fruit before consumption were also identified as 
      determinants of the exposure levels. This study contributes to improve our knowledge 
      on the main sources and determinants of children exposure to OPS, and given that 
      children are more vulnerable than adults this information is essential to reduce 
      children exposure and protect their health.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - González-Alzaga, B
AU  - González-Alzaga B
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de 
      Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de 
      Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
FAU - Romero-Molina, D
AU  - Romero-Molina D
AD  - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de 
      Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Statistics and 
      Operational Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
FAU - López-Flores, I
AU  - López-Flores I
AD  - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de 
      Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Genetics, Faculty of 
      Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
FAU - Giménez-Asensio, M J
AU  - Giménez-Asensio MJ
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain.
FAU - Hernández, A F
AU  - Hernández AF
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of 
      Medicine, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: ajerez@ugr.es.
FAU - Lacasaña, M
AU  - Lacasaña M
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de 
      Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de 
      Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public 
      Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: 
      marina.lacasana.easp@juntadeandalucia.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200407
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides/analysis
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Spain
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Environmental exposure
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *Predictors
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of 
      interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/27 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/27 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/03/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(20)30352-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109459 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2020 Jul;186:109459. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109459. Epub 2020 Apr 
      7.

PMID- 26403119
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160708
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1898-2263 (Electronic)
IS  - 1232-1966 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015
TI  - Cholinesterase activity in blood and pesticide presence in sweat as biomarkers of 
      children`s environmental exposure to crop protection chemicals.
PG  - 478-82
LID - 10.5604/12321966.1167718 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: On the contrary to the adult population exposed to pesticides, mostly 
      on occupational basis, rural children are mostly exposed to pesticides deposited in 
      the environment. However, even this constant, distributed in time exposure to low 
      concentrations of pesticides may led to permanent health disorders and limit 
      children's harmonious development. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the study was to 
      evaluate the usefulness of aacetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase 
      (BuChE) activity determination as a marker of children's environmental exposure to 
      pesticides. An additional aim was to evaluate the usefulness of sweat patches as a 
      novel, non-invasive method of detection of pesticides in sweat as a measure of 
      pesticide exposure. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 108 children living in areas of 
      intense pesticide use, and as a control group, 92 children living in an agro-tourist 
      area were enrolled in the study. The AChE and BuChE activity was assayed 
      colorimetricaly in diluted whole blood or plasma, respectively. In addition, 
      selected pesticides were measured by GC/MS analysis in samples of the subject's 
      sweat absorbed onto a sorbent. RESULTS: The study demonstrated significantly lower 
      AChE and BuChE activity, respectively, in the diluted whole blood and plasma of 
      children exposed to pesticides, compared to the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.003, 
      respectively). The measured mean level of AChE activity was 241.63 ± 26.76 and 348.0 
      ± 46.95 mU/µmolHb in the exposed and the control group, respectively, whereas the 
      mean activity of BuChE was 424.1 ± 81.1 and 458.6 ± 86.5 mmol/L/min. In addition, 
      pesticide metabolites were detected in 19 (17.6%) sweat samples collected from 
      exposed children. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the study indicated that cholinesterase 
      activity is a sensitive marker of the children's environmental exposure to 
      pesticides, whereas sweat patches are useful devices for collecting samples to be 
      analysed for the presence of the pesticides.
FAU - Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
AU  - Kapka-Skrzypczak L
AD  - 1. Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland 2. Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, 
      Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Rzeszow, 
      Poland.
FAU - Sawicki, Krzysztof
AU  - Sawicki K
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Czajka, Magdalena
AU  - Czajka M
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Turski, Waldemar A
AU  - Turski WA
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University, Lublin, 
      Poland.
FAU - Kruszewski, Marcin
AU  - Kruszewski M
AD  - 1. Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland; 2. Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, 
      Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Rzeszow, 
      Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Poland
TA  - Ann Agric Environ Med
JT  - Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM
JID - 9500166
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.8 (Butyrylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/*metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Butyrylcholinesterase/*metabolism
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism
MH  - Poland
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Sweat/*chemistry
EDAT- 2015/09/26 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/09 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/26 06:00
PHST- 2015/09/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1167718 [pii]
AID - 10.5604/12321966.1167718 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Agric Environ Med. 2015;22(3):478-82. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1167718.

PMID- 24637179
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140703
LR  - 20140512
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 131
DP  - 2014 May
TI  - Trends in long term exposure to propoxur and pyrethroids in young children in the 
      Philippines.
PG  - 13-6
LID - S0013-9351(14)00007-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.01.003 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND/AIM: Pesticides are neurotoxic and can adversely affect children's 
      neurobehavioral outcome. Ongoing pesticide exposure has to be monitored in the study 
      of long term outcome of pesticide adverse effects since changes in the type and 
      amount of exposure can influence outcome. The aim of this paper is to describe the 
      trend in long term pesticide exposure in children through the analysis of pesticides 
      in their hair. PATIENTS AND METHODS: As part of an NIH study on the long term 
      effects of pesticide exposure in young children, ongoing exposure to pesticides was 
      determined by the analysis of children's hair for propoxur and pyrethroids by gas 
      chromatography/mass spectrometry at 2, 4 and 6 years of age. RESULTS: There were 
      significant changes in the prevalence and concentration of propoxur and pyrethroids 
      in children's hair at 2, 4 and 6 years of age. At ages 2 and 4 years, the prevalence 
      of propoxur exposure increased from 12.4% to 24.1% (p<0.001) but dramatically 
      decreased to 1.7% at 6 years (p<0.001). For bioallethrin, the prevalence of exposure 
      steadily increased from 2 years (0.7%, p<0.001) to 4 years (12.4%, p<0.001) and to 6 
      years (18.4% p<0.001). Exposure to transfluthrin significantly increased from 4 
      years (1.0%) to 6 years (9.2%, p<0.001). There were also significantly higher median 
      concentrations of bioallethrin at 2 compared to 4 years and for propoxur at 2 years 
      compared to 6 years. Between 4 and 6 years, there was a higher median concentration 
      of propoxur at 4 compared to 6 years and for transfluthrin and bioallethrin, at 6 
      compared to 4 years. CONCLUSION: Changes in the prevalence and concentration of 
      exposure to propoxur and pyrethroids in children at 2, 4 and 6 years of age are 
      related to the progress in ambulation of young children and to changes in the 
      formulation of home spray pesticides. Thus, periodic monitoring of pesticide 
      exposure is necessary when studying the long term effects of pesticide exposure in 
      the neurodevelopment of young children.
CI  - Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Ostrea, Enrique M Jr
AU  - Ostrea EM Jr
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hutzel Women's Hospital, The Carman and Ann Adams 
      Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, 
      Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Electronic address: enrique.ostrea@gmail.com.
FAU - Villanueva-Uy, Esterlita
AU  - Villanueva-Uy E
AD  - Institute of Child Health and Human Development, University of the Philippines 
      Manila, National Institutes of Health, Philippines.
FAU - Bielawski, Dawn
AU  - Bielawski D
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hutzel Women's Hospital, The Carman and Ann Adams 
      Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, 
      Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
FAU - Birn, Sarah
AU  - Birn S
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hutzel Women's Hospital, The Carman and Ann Adams 
      Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, 
      Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
FAU - Janisse, James J
AU  - Janisse JJ
AD  - Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 
      Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - 1R01HD039428/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20140315
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
RN  - BFH029TL73 (Propoxur)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Hair/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Philippines
MH  - Propoxur/*analysis
MH  - Pyrethrins/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomarkers
OT  - Environmental exposure
OT  - Hair
OT  - House dust
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Young children
EDAT- 2014/03/19 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/06 06:00
CRDT- 2014/03/19 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/01/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(14)00007-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.01.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2014 May;131:13-6. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 Mar 15.

PMID- 18414640
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090211
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 116
IP  - 4
DP  - 2008 Apr
TI  - Dietary intake and its contribution to longitudinal organophosphorus pesticide 
      exposure in urban/suburban children.
PG  - 537-42
LID - 10.1289/ehp.10912 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The widespread use of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides has led to 
      frequent exposure in adults and children. Because such exposure may cause adverse 
      health effects, particularly in children, the sources and patterns of exposure need 
      to be studied further. OBJECTIVES: We assessed young urban/suburban children's 
      longitudinal exposure to OP pesticides in the Children's Pesticide Exposure Study 
      (CPES) conducted in the greater Seattle, Washington, area, and used a novel study 
      design that allowed us to determine the contribution of dietary intake to the 
      overall OP pesticide exposure. METHODS: Twenty-three children 3-11 years of age who 
      consumed only conventional diets were recruited for this 1-year study conducted in 
      2003-2004. Children switched to organic diets for 5 consecutive days in the summer 
      and fall sampling seasons. We measured specific urinary metabolites for malathion, 
      chlorpyrifos, and other OP pesticides in urine samples collected twice daily for a 
      period of 7, 12, or 15 consecutive days during each of the four seasons. RESULTS: By 
      substituting organic fresh fruits and vegetables for corresponding conventional food 
      items, the median urinary metabolite concentrations were reduced to nondetected or 
      close to non-detected levels for malathion and chlorpyrifos at the end of the 5-day 
      organic diet intervention period in both summer and fall seasons. We also observed a 
      seasonal effect on the OP urinary metabolite concentrations, and this seasonality 
      corresponds to the consumption of fresh produce throughout the year. CONCLUSIONS: 
      The findings from this study demonstrate that dietary intake of OP pesticides 
      represents the major source of exposure in young children.
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public 
      Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. clu2@sph.emory.edu
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Pearson, Melanie A
AU  - Pearson MA
FAU - Waller, Lance A
AU  - Waller LA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Food, Organic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Seasons
MH  - *Suburban Population
MH  - *Urban Population
PMC - PMC2290988
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - children
OT  - chlorpyrifos
OT  - dietary exposure
OT  - longitudinal pesticide exposure
OT  - malathion
OT  - organic diet
OT  - organophosphorus pesticides
OT  - urinary biomonitoring
EDAT- 2008/04/17 09:00
MHDA- 2009/02/12 09:00
CRDT- 2008/04/17 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/01/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/04/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/02/12 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/04/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ehp0116-000537 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.10912 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Apr;116(4):537-42. doi: 10.1289/ehp.10912.

PMID- 25989860
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160516
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Print)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 19
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - Environmental exposure to organochlorine pesticides and deficits in cochlear status 
      in children.
PG  - 14570-8
LID - 10.1007/s11356-015-4690-5 [doi]
AB  - The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that organochlorine pesticides 
      (OCPs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), and 
      1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT) and its metabolite 
      1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'- DDE) are ototoxic to humans. A 
      multivariate general linear model was designed, in which the statistical relation 
      between blood serum concentrations of HCB, β-HCH, p,p'-DDT, or p,p'-DDE at different 
      ages (at birth, 6, 16, and 45 months) and the distortion product otoacoustic 
      emissions (DPOAEs) was treated as multivariate outcome variables. Polychlorinated 
      biphenyl (PCB) congeners and OCPs were strongly correlated in serum of children from 
      our cohort. To ascertain that the association between DPOAEs at a given frequency 
      and concentration of a pesticide is not influenced by PCBs or other OCP also present 
      in serum, we calculated benchmark concentrations (BMCs) relating DPOAEs to a serum 
      pesticide alone and in presence of confounding PCB-153 or other OCPs. We found that 
      BMCs relating DPOAEs to serum pesticides are not affected by confounders. DPOAE 
      amplitudes were associated with serum OCPs at all investigated time intervals, 
      however, in a positive way with prenatal exposure and in a negative way with all 
      postnatal exposures. We observed tonotopicity in the association of pesticides with 
      amplitude of DPOAEs as its strength was frequency dependent. We conclude that 
      exposure to OCPs in infancy at environmental concentrations may be associated with 
      hearing deficits.
FAU - Sisto, Renata
AU  - Sisto R
AD  - Department of Occupational Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
FAU - Moleti, Arturo
AU  - Moleti A
AD  - Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Palkovičová Murínová, Ľubica
AU  - Palkovičová Murínová Ľ
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, 
      Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Wimmerová, Soňa
AU  - Wimmerová S
AD  - Institute of Biophysics, Informatics and Biostatistics, Slovak Medical University, 
      Limbová 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Lancz, Kinga
AU  - Lancz K
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, 
      Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Tihányi, Juraj
AU  - Tihányi J
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, 
      Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Čonka, Kamil
AU  - Čonka K
AD  - Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 
      83303, Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Šovčíková, Eva
AU  - Šovčíková E
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, 
      Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Hertz-Picciotto, Irva
AU  - Hertz-Picciotto I
AD  - Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Public Health 
      Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
FAU - Jusko, Todd A
AU  - Jusko TA
AD  - Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of 
      Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 265 Crittenden Blvd, CU420644, 
      Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
FAU - Trnovec, Tomáš
AU  - Trnovec T
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303, 
      Bratislava, Slovakia. tomas.trnovec@szu.sk.
LA  - eng
GR  - K12 ES019852/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES001247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA096525/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03 TW007152/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150521
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Cochlea/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis/*toxicity
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/*toxicity
PMC - PMC4592791
MID - NIHMS693012
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Hearing impairment
OT  - Infancy
OT  - Mixture effects
OT  - Organochlorine pesticides
OT  - Otoacoustic emissions
OT  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
EDAT- 2015/05/21 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/18 06:00
CRDT- 2015/05/21 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/05/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-015-4690-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-015-4690-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Oct;22(19):14570-8. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4690-5. 
      Epub 2015 May 21.

PMID- 32777276
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201211
LR  - 20201214
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 190
DP  - 2020 Nov
TI  - Organophosphate pesticides exposure during fetal development and IQ scores in 3 and 
      4-year old Canadian children.
PG  - 110023
LID - S0013-9351(20)30920-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110023 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Organophosphate pesticides are widely used in agriculture and for other 
      purposes, leading to ubiquitous exposure in human populations. Some studies reported 
      cognitive deficits in children exposed prenatally to organophosphate pesticides, but 
      findings from recent studies were inconsistent. Furthermore, recent biomonitoring 
      studies suggest exposure levels have decreased. Hence, the risks from current 
      prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides for child neurodevelopment are 
      uncertain. Furthermore, sex-differences also remain to be better documented in 
      relation to potential neurodevelopmental effects. OBJECTIVE: To examine the 
      association between prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ scores 
      among boys and girls living in several major Canadian cities. METHODS: We used data 
      from the MIREC cohort (Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals). Women 
      were recruited in 2008-2011 from 10 Canadian cities during their first trimester of 
      pregnancy, and urine spot samples were collected for measurement of three dimethyl 
      alkyl phosphate (DMAP) and three diethyl alkyl phosphate (DEAP) metabolites. When 
      children were 3-4 years of age, we used the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of 
      Intelligence-III (WPPSI-III) to assess cognitive ability of children from 6 out of 
      the 10 cities (Halifax, Hamilton, Kingston, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver). We 
      analysed the association between maternal exposure to organophosphate pesticides 
      (DMAP and DEAP urinary metabolites) and children's IQ scores with generalized 
      estimating equations (GEEs) to take into account the clustered-data resulting from 
      the six study sites. All analyses were sex-stratified (n = 296 boys and 311 girls). 
      RESULTS: The participants were predominantly well-educated, white women, with a 
      relatively high household income. Children had a mean age of 3.4 years at the moment 
      of IQ assessment (range, 3.0-4.1 years). In girls, there was no association between 
      IQ scores and DEAPs or DMAPs. Higher concentrations of DEAPs were significantly 
      associated with poorer Verbal IQ scores (for a 10-fold increase in concentrations, 
      -6.28; 95% CIs, -12.13, -0.43) in boys. The association for Performance IQ in boys 
      also indicated poorer scores with higher DEAP concentrations, but the confidence 
      intervals included the null value (-4.05; 95% CIs, -10.19, 2.10). The relation 
      between DMAPs and IQ scores in boys was also negative, but association estimates 
      were small and not significant. CONCLUSION: Urinary metabolites of organophosphate 
      pesticides were not associated with IQ in girls, but we observed that higher 
      maternal urinary DEAPs were associated with poorer Verbal IQ in boys. However, 
      exposure misclassification may be an issue as only one urine sample per woman was 
      analysed. The present study contributes to the accumulating evidence linking 
      exposure to organophosphate pesticides during fetal development with poorer 
      cognitive function in children, bringing data on the risks in a context of low 
      exposure levels encountered in primarily urban populations from Canada.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ntantu Nkinsa, Patrick
AU  - Ntantu Nkinsa P
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, 
      Université de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: 
      patrick.ntantu.nkinsa@umontreal.ca.
FAU - Muckle, Gina
AU  - Muckle G
AD  - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, École de 
      Psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: 
      gina.muckle@psy.ulaval.ca.
FAU - Ayotte, Pierre
AU  - Ayotte P
AD  - Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, 
      Québec, Canada. Electronic address: pierre.ayotte@inspq.qc.ca.
FAU - Lanphear, Bruce P
AU  - Lanphear BP
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, 
      Canada. Electronic address: bpl3@sfu.ca.
FAU - Arbuckle, Tye E
AU  - Arbuckle TE
AD  - Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer 
      Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: 
      Tye.Arbuckle@canada.ca.
FAU - Fraser, William D
AU  - Fraser WD
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre 
      Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: 
      William.Fraser@USherbrooke.ca.
FAU - Bouchard, Maryse F
AU  - Bouchard MF
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, 
      Université de Montreal; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre Mother and Child 
      University Hospital Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: 
      maryse.bouchard@umontreal.ca.
LA  - eng
GR  - MOP–81285/CAPMC/CIHR/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200807
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Canada
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/toxicity
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced/epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Developmental neurotoxicant
OT  - *IQ
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *Pregnancy cohort study
EDAT- 2020/08/11 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/11 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/07/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/11 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(20)30920-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2020 Nov;190:110023. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110023. Epub 2020 Aug 
      7.

PMID- 34036619
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211210
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1097-0274 (Electronic)
IS  - 0271-3586 (Linking)
VI  - 64
IP  - 7
DP  - 2021 Jul
TI  - Pesticide exposure among Latinx child farmworkers in North Carolina.
PG  - 602-619
LID - 10.1002/ajim.23258 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although pesticides have adverse effects on child health and 
      development, little research has examined pesticide exposure among child 
      farmworkers. This analysis addresses two specific aims: (1) describes pesticide 
      exposure among Latinx child farmworkers in North Carolina, and (2) delineates 
      factors associated with this pesticide exposure. METHODS: In 2018 (n = 173) and 2019 
      (n = 156) Latinx child farmworkers completed interviews and wore silicone wristbands 
      for a single day to measure pesticide exposure. Wristbands were analyzed for 70 
      pesticides. RESULTS: Most Latinx child farmworkers were exposed to multiple 
      pesticides; the most frequent were pyrethroids (69.9% in 2018, 67.9% in 2019), 
      organochlorines (51.4% in 2018, 55.1% in 2019), and organophosphates (51.4% in 2018, 
      34.0% in 2019). Children were exposed to a mean of 2.15 pesticide classes in 2018 
      and 1.91 in 2019, and to a mean of 4.06 pesticides in 2018 and 3.34 in 2019. Younger 
      children (≤15 years) had more detections than older children; children not currently 
      engaged in farm work had more detections than children currently engaged in farm 
      work. Migrant child farmworkers had more detections than nonmigrants. For specific 
      pesticides with at least 20 detections, detections and concentrations were generally 
      greater among children not currently engaged in farm work than children currently 
      engaged. CONCLUSIONS: Children who live in farmworker communities are exposed to a 
      plethora of pesticides. Although further research is needed to document the extent 
      of pesticide exposure and its health consequences, sufficient information is 
      available to inform the policy needed to eliminate this pesticide exposure in 
      agricultural communities.
CI  - © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
FAU - Arcury, Thomas A
AU  - Arcury TA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9523-9492
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 
      Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
AD  - Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North 
      Carolina, USA.
FAU - Chen, Haiying
AU  - Chen H
AD  - Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North 
      Carolina, USA.
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
FAU - Arnold, Taylor J
AU  - Arnold TJ
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 
      Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
FAU - Quandt, Sara A
AU  - Quandt SA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2968-5459
AD  - Center for Worker Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North 
      Carolina, USA.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake 
      Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
FAU - Anderson, Kim A
AU  - Anderson KA
AD  - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 
      Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
FAU - Scott, Richard P
AU  - Scott RP
AD  - Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 
      Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
FAU - Talton, Jennifer W
AU  - Talton JW
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, 
      Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
FAU - Daniel, Stephanie S
AU  - Daniel SS
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 
      Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P42 ES016465/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HD084420/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES030287/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20210525
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Ind Med
JT  - American journal of industrial medicine
JID - 8101110
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Humans
MH  - North Carolina/epidemiology
MH  - *Occupational Exposure/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *agricultural safety
OT  - *child labor
OT  - *environmental justice
OT  - *immigrant health
OT  - *minority health
OT  - *pesticide exposure
OT  - *vulnerable populations
EDAT- 2021/05/27 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/05/26 07:14
PHST- 2021/04/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/02/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/26 07:14 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/ajim.23258 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Ind Med. 2021 Jul;64(7):602-619. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23258. Epub 2021 May 25.

PMID- 24657944
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140703
LR  - 20140512
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 131
DP  - 2014 May
TI  - Biomonitoring exposure assessment to contemporary pesticides in a school children 
      population of Spain.
PG  - 77-85
LID - S0013-9351(14)00030-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.009 [doi]
AB  - The exposure to pesticides amongst school-aged children (6-11 years old) was 
      assessed in this study. One hundred twenty-five volunteer children were selected 
      from two public schools located in an agricultural and in an urban area of Valencia 
      Region, Spain. Twenty pesticide metabolites were analyzed in children's urine as 
      biomarkers of exposure to organophosphate (OP) insecticides, synthetic pyrethroid 
      insecticides, and herbicides. These data were combined with a survey to evaluate the 
      main predictors of pesticide exposure in the children's population. A total of 15 
      metabolites were present in the urine samples with detection frequencies (DF) 
      ranging from 5% to 86%. The most frequently detected metabolites with DF>53%, were 
      3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy, metabolite of chlorpyrifos), diethyl phosphate 
      (DEP, generic metabolite of OP insecticides), 
      2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMPY, metabolite of diazinon) and 
      para-nitrophenol (PNP, metabolite of parathion and methyl parathion). The calculated 
      geometric means ranged from 0.47 to 3.36 µg/g creatinine, with TCPy and IMPY showing 
      the higher mean concentrations. Statistical significant differences were found 
      between exposure subgroups (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05) for TCPy, DEP, and IMPY. 
      Children living in the agricultural area had significantly higher concentrations of 
      DEP than those living in the urban area. In contrast, children aged 6-8 years from 
      the urban area, showed statistically higher IMPY levels than those from agricultural 
      area. Higher levels of TCPy were also found in children with high consumption of 
      vegetables and higher levels of DEP in children whose parents did not have 
      university degree studies. The multivariable regression analysis showed that age, 
      vegetable consumption, and residential use of pesticides were predictors of exposure 
      for TCPy, and IMPY; whereas location and vegetable consumption were factors 
      associated with DEP concentrations. Creatinine concentrations were the most 
      important predictors of urinary TCPy and PNP metabolites.
CI  - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Roca, Marta
AU  - Roca M
AD  - Centre of Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), 21 Avenida Catalunya, 46020 
      Valencia, Spain; Laboratory of Public Health of Valencia, 21 Avenida Catalunya, 
      46020 Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Miralles-Marco, Ana
AU  - Miralles-Marco A
AD  - Centre of Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), 21 Avenida Catalunya, 46020 
      Valencia, Spain; Laboratory of Public Health of Valencia, 21 Avenida Catalunya, 
      46020 Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Ferré, Joan
AU  - Ferré J
AD  - Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. 
      Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
FAU - Pérez, Rosa
AU  - Pérez R
AD  - Centre of Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), 21 Avenida Catalunya, 46020 
      Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Yusà, Vicent
AU  - Yusà V
AD  - Centre of Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), 21 Avenida Catalunya, 46020 
      Valencia, Spain; Laboratory of Public Health of Valencia, 21 Avenida Catalunya, 
      46020 Valencia, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry University of 
      Valencia, 50 Doctor Moliner, 46100 Burjassot, Spain. Electronic address: 
      yusa_vic@gva.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140321
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Pyrethrins/*urine
MH  - Spain
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - Exposure
OT  - Metabolites
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Urine
EDAT- 2014/03/25 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/06 06:00
CRDT- 2014/03/25 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(14)00030-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2014 May;131:77-85. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.009. Epub 2014 Mar 
      21.

PMID- 11097803
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010111
LR  - 20090724
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 84
IP  - 3
DP  - 2000 Nov
TI  - Pesticide exposure of children in an agricultural community: evidence of household 
      proximity to farmland and take home exposure pathways.
PG  - 290-302
AB  - Children's exposure to organophosphorus (OP) pesticides in an agricultural community 
      in central Washington State was determined. Spot urine and hand wipe samples were 
      collected from 109 children 9 months to 6 years of age, as were house dust samples, 
      and wipe samples from various surfaces. Children were categorized based on parental 
      occupation (agricultural vs nonagricultural) and on household proximity to 
      pesticide-treated orchards. Median house dust concentrations of dimethyl OP 
      pesticides in homes of agricultural families were seven times higher than those of 
      reference families (1. 92 vs 0.27 microg/g; P<0.001). Median pesticide metabolite 
      concentrations in agricultural children were five times higher than those in 
      reference children (0.05 vs 0.01 microg/ml; P=0.09). Median pesticide concentrations 
      in housedust (P=0.01) and metabolite concentrations in urine (P=0.01) from 
      agricultural families were significantly higher in the children living near treated 
      orchards (within 200 ft or 60 m) than those living more distant. Ten of 61 
      agricultural children had detectable OP pesticide levles on their hands, whereas 
      none of the reference children had detectable levels. These findings indicate that 
      children living with parents who work with agricultural pesticides, or who live in 
      proximity to pesticide-treated farmland, have higher exposures than do other 
      children living in the same community
CI  - Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
FAU - Lu, C
AU  - Lu C
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 
      University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7234, USA. calu@u.washington.edu
FAU - Fenske, R A
AU  - Fenske RA
FAU - Simcox, N J
AU  - Simcox NJ
FAU - Kalman, D
AU  - Kalman D
LA  - eng
GR  - U07/CCU012926/PHS HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Dust
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Family Health
MH  - Female
MH  - Geography
MH  - Housing
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/adverse effects/*analysis
EDAT- 2000/12/01 11:00
MHDA- 2001/02/28 10:01
CRDT- 2000/12/01 11:00
PHST- 2000/12/01 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/02/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2000/12/01 11:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(00)94076-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1006/enrs.2000.4076 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2000 Nov;84(3):290-302. doi: 10.1006/enrs.2000.4076.

PMID- 32356062
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200710
LR  - 20200710
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 20
DP  - 2020 Jul
TI  - Urinary organophosphate metabolites and oxidative stress in children living in 
      agricultural and urban communities.
PG  - 25715-25726
LID - 10.1007/s11356-020-09037-z [doi]
AB  - Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides in children may increase oxidative 
      stress, resulting in the development of chronic diseases. This study aims to compare 
      urinary OP metabolites and oxidative stress between children in agricultural and 
      urban communities. The study also investigated the factors associated with urinary 
      OP metabolites among children. Urine samples were collected from children for 
      measuring levels of OP metabolites, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). 
      The remarkable findings were that total dialkylphosphate (DAP) levels detected among 
      children in this agricultural community were significantly higher than those from 
      the urban community (P = 0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that total 
      diethylphosphate (DEP) levels among children in the agricultural community were 
      negatively associated with distances from children's residence to the agricultural 
      fields (β ± SE. = - 1.535 ± 0.334, 95%CI = - 2.202, - 0.863) and positively 
      associated with playing on farms (β ± SE. = 0.720 ± 0.342, 95%CI = 0.036, 1.405). In 
      addition, total dimethylphosphate (DMP) levels were positively associated with 
      children working on farms (β ± SE. = 0.619 ± 0.264, 95%CI = 0.091, 1.147). 
      Importantly, GSH levels among children in the agricultural community were 
      significantly lower than those in the urban community (P < 0.001), but MDA levels 
      did not differ. These results therefore suggest that children can be exposed to OPs 
      both outdoors and indoors. Our results also provide supporting evidence that OP 
      exposure can cause oxidative stress in children. As oxidative stress contributes to 
      several chronic diseases, a good proposed strategy for the future would include 
      measurement of oxidative stress biomarkers among children exposed to OPs as an early 
      warning of chronic diseases.
FAU - Sapbamrer, Ratana
AU  - Sapbamrer R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0379-2798
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 
      Inthavaroros Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict, Muang District, Chiang Mai, 50200, 
      Thailand. lekratana56@gmail.com.
FAU - Hongsibsong, Surat
AU  - Hongsibsong S
AD  - School of Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai 
      University, 110 Inthavaroros Road, Sriphum Subdistrict, Muang District, Chiang Mai, 
      50200, Thailand.
FAU - Khacha-Ananda, Supakit
AU  - Khacha-Ananda S
AD  - Toxicology Unit, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai 
      University, 110 Inthavaroros Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict, Muang District, Chiang Mai, 
      50200, Thailand.
LA  - eng
GR  - Grant no.059/2562/Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200430
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*analysis
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - Glutathione
OT  - Malondialdehyde
OT  - Organophosphate
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Pesticide
EDAT- 2020/05/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/11 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/02 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-020-09037-z [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-020-09037-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jul;27(20):25715-25726. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-020-09037-z. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

PMID- 32927574
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200916
LR  - 20200916
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 740
DP  - 2020 Oct 20
TI  - Catching flame retardants and pesticides in silicone wristbands: Evidence of 
      exposure to current and legacy pollutants in Uruguayan children.
PG  - 140136
LID - S0048-9697(20)33657-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140136 [doi]
AB  - Children are exposed to many potentially toxic compounds in their daily lives and 
      are vulnerable to the harmful effects. To date, very few non-invasive methods are 
      available to quantify children's exposure to environmental chemicals. Due to their 
      ease of implementation, silicone wristbands have emerged as passive samplers to 
      study personal environmental exposures and have the potential to greatly increase 
      our knowledge of chemical exposures in vulnerable population groups. Nevertheless, 
      there is a limited number of studies monitoring children's exposures via silicone 
      wristbands. In this study, we implemented this sampling technique in ongoing 
      research activities in Montevideo, Uruguay which aim to monitor chemical exposures 
      in a cohort of elementary school children. The silicone wristbands were worn by 24 
      children for 7 days; they were quantitatively analyzed using gas chromatography with 
      tandem mass spectrometry for 45 chemical pollutants, including polychlorinated 
      biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 
      organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), and novel halogenated flame-retardant 
      chemicals (NHFRs). All classes of chemicals, except NHFRs, were identified in the 
      passive samplers. The average number of analytes detected in each wristband was 
      13 ±3. OPFRs were consistently the most abundant class of analytes detected. Median 
      concentrations of ΣOPFRs, ΣPBDEs, ΣPCBs, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 
      and its metabolites (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and 
      dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)) were 1020, 3.00, 0.52 and 3.79 ng/g wristband, 
      respectively. Two major findings result from this research; differences in trends of 
      two OPFRs (TCPP and TDCPP) are observed between studies in Uruguay and the United 
      States, and the detection of DDT, a chemical banned in several countries, suggests 
      that children's exposure profiles in these settings may differ from other parts of 
      the world. This was the first study to examine children's exposome in South America 
      using silicone wristbands and clearly points to a need for further studies.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Travis, Steven C
AU  - Travis SC
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York 
      (SUNY) Buffalo, New York, United States.
FAU - Aga, Diana S
AU  - Aga DS
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York 
      (SUNY) Buffalo, New York, United States.
FAU - Queirolo, Elena I
AU  - Queirolo EI
AD  - Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
FAU - Olson, James R
AU  - Olson JR
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, The State 
      University of New York (SUNY) Buffalo, New York, United States.
FAU - Daleiro, Mónica
AU  - Daleiro M
AD  - Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
FAU - Kordas, Katarzyna
AU  - Kordas K
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, The 
      State University of New York (SUNY) Buffalo, New York, United States. Electronic 
      address: kkordas@buffalo.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200610
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Silicones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Silicones
MH  - South America
MH  - Uruguay
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children exposure
OT  - Exposome
OT  - Halogenated organic pollutant
OT  - Organophosphorus flame retardants
OT  - Personal monitoring
OT  - South America
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/17 06:00
CRDT- 2020/09/15 01:02
PHST- 2020/04/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/06/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/06/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/09/15 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(20)33657-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140136 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2020 Oct 20;740:140136. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140136. 
      Epub 2020 Jun 10.

PMID- 21992855
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120716
LR  - 20190918
IS  - 0974-7559 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-6061 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Pesticide (endosulfan) levels in the bone marrow of children with hematological 
      malignancies.
PG  - 113-7
AB  - OBJECTIVES: (1) To confirm the presence of Pesticide (Endosulfan) residues in the 
      bone marrow (BM) of children with acute hematological malignancies and compare them 
      with controls. (2) To ascertain if children with Endosulfan in their marrow reside 
      in areas sprayed with Endosulfan. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study SETTING: 
      Pediatric oncology unit of a medical college teaching hospital in Dakshina Kannada 
      district of Karnataka. SUBJECTS: 26 patients with proven hematological malignancy 
      and 26 age matched controls suffering from benign hematological disease. METHODS: 
      Endosulfan residues in the BM were estimated by gas chromatography mass spectrometry 
      (Minimum detection limit 10ng/mL). The subjects geographical area of location 
      (residence) was determined to see whether they belong to sprayed area or not. The 
      Chi-square test was applied to see an association between exposure status and 
      hematological malignancy. RESULTS: A total of 52 children were enrolled of which 26 
      were study cases and 26 were controls. Of the study and control groups, 84.7% ;and 
      73.1%, respectively were from exposed areas. The major (88.4%) illness in the study 
      group was ALL, while ITP (50%) occurred most frequently in the control group. Six 
      out of 26 study cases tested positive for endosulfan in the BM, against 1 out of 26 
      controls (P = 0.042). The Odds ratio was 7.5. All children who had endosulfan in the 
      bone marrow originated from areas, where endosulfan is still being used. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Children with hematological malignancy had raised levels of endosulfan 
      in the bone marrow compared to those without. All the children with raised bone 
      marrow Endosulfan levels were found to be from areas exposed to the pesticide.
FAU - Rau, A Tk
AU  - Rau AT
AD  - Department of Pediatrics and #Pathology, MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, MD, 
      USA. atkrau@gmail.com
FAU - Coutinho, Anita
AU  - Coutinho A
FAU - Avabratha, K Shreedhara
AU  - Avabratha KS
FAU - Rau, Aarathi R
AU  - Rau AR
FAU - Warrier, Raj P
AU  - Warrier RP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110730
PL  - India
TA  - Indian Pediatr
JT  - Indian pediatrics
JID - 2985062R
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - OKA6A6ZD4K (Endosulfan)
SB  - IM
CIN - Indian Pediatr. 2012 Feb;49(2):101-2. PMID: 22410512
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Bone Marrow/*chemistry
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Endosulfan/*analysis/poisoning
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Hematologic Neoplasms/chemically induced/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - India
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/poisoning
EDAT- 2011/10/14 06:00
MHDA- 2012/07/17 06:00
CRDT- 2011/10/14 06:00
PHST- 2010/07/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/01/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/10/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/10/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/07/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S09747559INPE1000071-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s13312-012-0025-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian Pediatr. 2012 Feb;49(2):113-7. doi: 10.1007/s13312-012-0025-5. Epub 2011 Jul 
      30.

PMID- 31150932
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200106
LR  - 20200801
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 175
DP  - 2019 Aug
TI  - Blood pressure after a heightened pesticide spray period among children living in 
      agricultural communities in Ecuador.
PG  - 335-342
LID - S0013-9351(19)30288-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.030 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Agricultural pesticide spray periods increase the pesticide exposure 
      potential of children living nearby and growing evidence indicates that they may 
      affect children's health. We examined the association of time following a heightened 
      agricultural production period, the Mother's Day flower harvest (May), with 
      children's blood pressure (BP). METHODS: We included cross-sectional information of 
      313 children ages 4-9 years in Ecuadorian agricultural communities (the ESPINA 
      study). Examinations occurred during a period of low flower production, but within 
      63-100 days (mean = 81.5, SD = 10.9) following the Mother's Day harvest. BP was 
      measured twice using a pediatric sphygmomanometer and BP percentiles appropriate for 
      age, gender and height were calculated. RESULTS: Participants were 51% male, 1.6% 
      hypertensive and 7.7% had elevated BP. The mean (SD) BP percentiles were: systolic: 
      51.7 (23.9); diastolic: 33.3 (20.3). There was an inverse relationship between of 
      time after the spray season with percentiles of systolic (difference [β] per 10.9 
      days after the harvest: -4.3 [95%CI: -6.9, -1.7]) and diastolic BP (β: -7.5 [-9.6, 
      -5.4]) after adjusting for race, heart rate and BMI-for-age z-score. A curvilinear 
      association with diastolic BP was observed. For every 10.9 days that a child was 
      examined sooner after the harvest, the OR of elevated BP/hypertension doubled (OR: 
      2.0, 95% CI: 1.3, 3.1). Time after the harvest was positively associated with 
      acetylcholinesterase. CONCLUSIONS: Children examined sooner after a heightened 
      pesticide spray period had higher blood pressure and pesticide exposure markers than 
      children examined later. Further studies with multiple exposure-outcome measures 
      across pesticide spray periods are needed.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose R
AU  - Suarez-Lopez JR
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92024-0725, USA. Electronic address: jrsuarez@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Amchich, Fatimaezzahra
AU  - Amchich F
AD  - University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, USA. Electronic address: 
      fati0005@umn.edu.
FAU - Murillo, Jonathan
AU  - Murillo J
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92024-0725, USA. Electronic address: j9murillo@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Denenberg, Julie
AU  - Denenberg J
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92024-0725, USA. Electronic address: jdenenberg@ucsd.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R36 OH009402/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190521
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - *Blood Pressure
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Ecuador
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
PMC - PMC6571166
MID - NIHMS1530429
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Cholinesterase
OT  - *Ecuador
OT  - *Floriculture
OT  - *Pesticides
COIS- Competing financial interests: None
EDAT- 2019/06/01 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/07 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/01 06:00
PHST- 2019/04/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/05/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/06/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30288-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.030 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Aug;175:335-342. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.030. Epub 2019 May 
      21.

PMID- 30928851
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191223
LR  - 20200601
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 173
DP  - 2019 Jun
TI  - Residential mobility in early childhood and the impact on misclassification in 
      pesticide exposures.
PG  - 212-220
LID - S0013-9351(19)30167-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.039 [doi]
AB  - Studies of environmental exposures and childhood cancers that rely on records often 
      only use maternal address at birth or address at cancer diagnosis to assess 
      exposures in early childhood, possibly leading to exposure misclassification and 
      questionable validity due to residential mobility during early childhood. Our 
      objective was to assess patterns and identify factors that may predict residential 
      mobility in early childhood, and examine the impact of mobility on early childhood 
      exposure assessment for agriculturally applied pesticides and childhood cancers in 
      California. We obtained the addresses at diagnosis of all childhood cancer cases 
      born in 1998-2011 and diagnosed at 0-5 years of age (n = 6478) from the California 
      Cancer Registry (CCR), and their birth addresses from linked birth certificates. 
      Controls were randomly selected from California birth records and frequency matched 
      (20:1) to all cases by year of birth. We obtained residential histories from a 
      public-record database LexisNexis for both case (n = 3877 with age at diagnosis 1-5 
      years) and control (n = 99,262) families. Logistic regression analyses were 
      conducted to assess the socio-demographic factors in relation to residential 
      mobility in early childhood. We employed a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based 
      system to estimate children's first year of life exposures to agriculturally applied 
      pesticides based on birth vs diagnosis address or residential histories based upon 
      Lexis-Nexis Public Records and assessed agreement between exposure measures using 
      Spearman correlations and kappa statistics. Over 20% of case and control children 
      moved in their first year of life, and 55% of children with cancer moved between 
      birth and diagnosis. Older age at diagnosis, younger maternal age, lower maternal 
      education, not having a Hispanic ethnic background, use of public health insurance, 
      and non-metropolitan residence at birth were predictors of higher residential 
      mobility. There was moderate to strong correlation (Spearman 
      correlation = 0.76-0.83) and good agreement (kappa = 0.75-0.81) between the first 
      year of life exposure estimates for agricultural pesticides applied within 2 km of a 
      residence relying on an address at birth or at diagnosis or LexisNexis addresses; 
      this did not differ by outcome status, but agreement decreased with decreasing 
      buffer size, and increasing distance moved or age at diagnosis. These findings 
      suggest that residential addresses collected at one point in time may represent 
      residential history in early childhood to a reasonable extent; nevertheless, they 
      exposure misclassification in the first year of life remains an issue. Also, the 
      highest proportion of women not captured by LexisNexis were Hispanic women born in 
      Mexico and those living in the lowest SES neighborhoods, i.e. possibly those with 
      the higher environmental exposures, as well as younger women and those with less 
      than high school education. Though LexisNexis only captures a sub-population, its 
      data may be useful for augmenting address information and assessing the extent of 
      exposure misclassification when estimating environmental exposures in large record 
      linkage studies. Future research should investigate how to correct for exposure 
      misclassification introduced by residential mobility that is not being captured by 
      records.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ling, Chenxiao
AU  - Ling C
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 
      USA.
FAU - Heck, Julia E
AU  - Heck JE
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 
      USA.
FAU - Cockburn, Myles
AU  - Cockburn M
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern 
      California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of 
      Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Cancer Prevention and 
      Control Program, Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado, 
      Aurora, CO, USA.
FAU - Liew, Zeyan
AU  - Liew Z
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New 
      Haven, USA; Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, 
      Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA.
FAU - Marcotte, Erin
AU  - Marcotte E
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
FAU - Ritz, Beate
AU  - Ritz B
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 
      USA. Electronic address: britz@ucla.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 CA195218/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES010544/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES018960/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES019986/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190319
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - California
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Mexico
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Population Dynamics
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6553500
MID - NIHMS1029467
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Childhood cancers
OT  - *Early childhood
OT  - *Exposure misclassification
OT  - *Pesticide exposure
OT  - *Residential mobility
COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2019/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/24 06:00
CRDT- 2019/04/01 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/03/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/03/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/04/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30167-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.039 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Jun;173:212-220. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.039. Epub 2019 Mar 
      19.

PMID- 29267268
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190128
LR  - 20190128
IS  - 1545-7885 (Electronic)
IS  - 1544-9173 (Print)
IS  - 1544-9173 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 12
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - Will buffer zones around schools in agricultural areas be adequate to protect 
      children from the potential adverse effects of pesticide exposure?
PG  - e2004741
LID - 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004741 [doi]
LID - e2004741
AB  - California has proposed limiting agricultural pesticide use within 0.4 km of schools 
      and childcare facilities. However, the 0.4-km buffer may not be appropriate for all 
      pesticides because of differing toxicities, fate, and application methods. Living 
      near pesticide use has been associated with poorer birth outcomes, neurodevelopment, 
      and respiratory function in children. More research about exposures in schools, 
      childcare facilities, and homes is needed. Despite incomplete science, this 
      regulation is an important step to reduce potential exposures to children. The most 
      vulnerable exposure period may be in utero, and future regulations should also aim 
      to reduce exposures to pregnant women.
FAU - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Gunier RB
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5485-9919
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of 
      America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20171221
TA  - PLoS Biol
JT  - PLoS biology
JID - 101183755
RN  - 0 (Agrochemicals)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture/methods
MH  - Agrochemicals/*toxicity
MH  - California
MH  - Child
MH  - Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence/methods
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*prevention & control
MH  - Government Regulation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - *Schools
PMC - PMC5739348
COIS- I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the 
      following competing interests: Dr. Asa Bradman is a volunteer member of the Board 
      for The Organic Center, a non-profit organization addressing scientific issues about 
      organic food and agriculture, and is also a member of the USDA National Organic 
      Standards Board. None of the other authors declares any actual or potential 
      competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2017/12/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/29 06:00
CRDT- 2017/12/22 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/12/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - pbio.2004741 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004741 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS Biol. 2017 Dec 21;15(12):e2004741. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004741. 
      eCollection 2017 Dec.

PMID- 33254662
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201204
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Print)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 267
DP  - 2020 Dec
TI  - Environmental exposure to pyrethroid pesticides in a nationally representative 
      sample of U.S. adults and children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination 
      Survey 2007-2012.
PG  - 115489
LID - S0269-7491(20)36177-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115489 [doi]
AB  - Pyrethroids are an important class of insecticides, and thousands of tons of these 
      compounds are used in the United States every year. This study characterized 
      exposures to pyrethroids and assessed demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle 
      factors that modulate pyrethroid exposure using data from the National Health and 
      Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012, a nationally representative survey 
      of the non-institutionalized population of the United States. Urinary levels of 
      commonly used biomarkers of pyrethroid exposure, including 3-phenoxybenzoic acid 
      (3-PBA), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (F-PBA), and 
      cis-dibromovinyl-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (DBCA), were determined by 
      liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The detection rate of 3-PBA, a 
      nonspecific metabolite of several pyrethroids, was 78.1% in adults (N = 5233) and 
      79.3% in children (N = 2295). The detection rates of all other pyrethroid 
      metabolites were <10%. The median urinary level of 3-PBA in adults was 0.47 μg/L 
      (interquartile range, 0.14-1.22 μg/L). For children, the median urinary level was 
      0.49 μg/L (interquartile range, 0.17-1.29 μg/L). Age, gender, family 
      income-to-poverty ratio (PIR), levels of physical activity, alcohol intake, and body 
      mass index were associated with 3-PBA levels in adults. In children, age, gender, 
      race/ethnicity, and PIR were associated with 3-PBA levels. 3-PBA levels also 
      differed significantly across NHANES cycles, with higher levels observed in NHANES 
      2011-2012. Geometric mean 3-PBA levels in U.S. adults were 0.41 μg/L in NHANES 
      2007-2008, 0.41 μg/L in NHANES 2009-2010, and 0.66 μg/L in NHANES 2011-2012. In U.S. 
      children, geometric mean 3-PBA levels were 0.40 μg/L in NHANES 2007-2008, 0.46 μg/L 
      in NHANES 2009-2010, and 0.70 μg/L in NHANES 2011-2012. These results demonstrate 
      that pyrethroid exposures remain a current environmental health concern and lay the 
      foundation for further preclinical and epidemiological studies assessing human 
      health risks associated with pyrethroids.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lehmler, Hans-Joachim
AU  - Lehmler HJ
AD  - Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program 
      in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States. Electronic 
      address: hans-joachim-lehmler@uiowa.edu.
FAU - Simonsen, Derek
AU  - Simonsen D
AD  - Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program 
      in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
FAU - Liu, Buyun
AU  - Liu B
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 
      IA, United States.
FAU - Bao, Wei
AU  - Bao W
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 
      IA, United States.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES005605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200829
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - *Pyrethrins
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC7708675
MID - NIHMS1626698
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Human exposure
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Pyrethroids
OT  - U.S. population
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/12/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/12/01 01:02
PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/01 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0269-7491(20)36177-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115489 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2020 Dec;267:115489. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115489. Epub 2020 
      Aug 29.

PMID- 11579668
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20011025
LR  - 20190901
IS  - 0031-3955 (Print)
IS  - 0031-3955 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 5
DP  - 2001 Oct
TI  - Pesticides in children.
PG  - 1185-98, ix
AB  - Children are exposed to a wide range of pesticides, including insecticides, 
      herbicides, fungicides, and rodenticides. They differ from adults in their exposures 
      and responses to exposures. Acute and chronic toxicity are discussed, and important 
      chronic effects, such as carcinogenesis, endocrine disruption, and neurodevelopment 
      effects are reviewed. The state of laws and regulations are also discussed. 
      Recommendations are made to pediatricians regarding treatment and advising families 
      regarding avoidance of pesticide exposures and their effects.
FAU - Reigart, J R
AU  - Reigart JR
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South 
      Carolina, USA.
FAU - Roberts, J R
AU  - Roberts JR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatr Clin North Am
JT  - Pediatric clinics of North America
JID - 0401126
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects/prevention & control
MH  - *Environmental Health
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/*toxicity
RF  - 57
EDAT- 2001/10/03 10:00
MHDA- 2001/10/26 10:01
CRDT- 2001/10/03 10:00
PHST- 2001/10/03 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/10/26 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/10/03 10:00 [entrez]
AID - S0031-3955(05)70368-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70368-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 Oct;48(5):1185-98, ix. doi: 
      10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70368-0.

PMID- 30765100
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191209
LR  - 20191217
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 171
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Organic diet intervention significantly reduces urinary pesticide levels in U.S. 
      children and adults.
PG  - 568-575
LID - S0013-9351(19)30024-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.024 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Previous diet intervention studies indicate that an organic diet can 
      reduce urinary pesticide metabolite excretion; however, they have largely focused on 
      organophosphate (OP) pesticides. Knowledge gaps exist regarding the impact of an 
      organic diet on exposure to other pesticides, including pyrethroids and 
      neonicotinoids, which are increasing in use in the United States and globally. 
      OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of an organic diet intervention on levels of 
      insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides or their metabolites in urine collected 
      from adults and children. METHODS: We collected urine samples from four racially and 
      geographically diverse families in the United States before and after an organic 
      diet intervention (n = 16 participants and a total of 158 urine samples). RESULTS: 
      We observed significant reductions in urinary levels of thirteen pesticide 
      metabolites and parent compounds representing OP, neonicotinoid, and pyrethroid 
      insecticides and the herbicide 2,4-D following the introduction of an organic diet. 
      The greatest reductions were observed for clothianidin (- 82.7%; 95% confidence 
      interval [95% CI]: - 86.6%, - 77.6%; p < 0.01), malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA), a 
      metabolite of malathion (- 95.0%; 95% CI: - 97.0%, - 91.8%; p < 0.01), and 
      3,5,6-trichlor-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a metabolite of chlorpyrifos (- 60.7%; 95% CI: 
      - 69.6%, - 49.2%; p < 0.01). Metabolites or parent compounds of the fungicides 
      boscalid, iprodione, and thiabendazole and the neonicotinoid insecticide 
      imidacloprid were not detected among participants in our study. CONCLUSION: An 
      organic diet was associated with significant reductions in urinary excretion of 
      several pesticide metabolites and parent compounds. This study adds to a growing 
      body of literature indicating that an organic diet may reduce exposure to a range of 
      pesticides in children and adults. Additional research is needed to evaluate dietary 
      exposure to neonicotinoids, which are now the most widely used class of insecticides 
      in the world.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hyland, Carly
AU  - Hyland C
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Gerona, Roy
AU  - Gerona R
AD  - Clinical Toxicology and Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory, University of 
      California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
FAU - Patton, Sharyle
AU  - Patton S
AD  - Commonweal Institute, Bolinas, CA, United States.
FAU - Zakharevich, Igor
AU  - Zakharevich I
AD  - Clinical Toxicology and Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory, University of 
      California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
FAU - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Gunier RB
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Klein, Kendra
AU  - Klein K
AD  - Friends of the Earth U.S., 2150 Allston Way Suite 360, Berkeley, CA 94704, United 
      States. Electronic address: kklein@foe.org.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190212
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - *Chlorpyrifos
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - *Pyrethrins
MH  - United States
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Biomonitoring
OT  - *Chlorpyrifos
OT  - *Exposure
OT  - *Neonicotinoid pesticides
OT  - *Organic diet
OT  - *Pesticides
EDAT- 2019/02/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00
CRDT- 2019/02/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/01/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/02/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/02/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30024-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.024 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Apr;171:568-575. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.024. Epub 2019 Feb 
      12.

PMID- 28418778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170831
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1545-0813 (Electronic)
IS  - 1059-924X (Print)
IS  - 1059-924X (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017
TI  - Parkinsonism Signs and Symptoms in Agricultural Pesticide Handlers in Washington 
      State.
PG  - 215-221
LID - 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1317684 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Examine associations between pesticide exposure and signs or symptoms of 
      parkinsonism. METHODS: Prior to the 2014 pesticide spray season, the authors 
      examined 38 active pesticide handlers aged 35 to 65 (median: 43.5) who participated 
      in the State of Washington's cholinesterase monitoring program in the Yakima Valley, 
      where cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides are applied in fruit orchards. A 
      movement disorder specialist assessed the workers using the Unified Parkinson's 
      Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor subscore 3 (UPDRS3). Participants also 
      self-reported work and medical histories, including the UPDRS activities of daily 
      living subscore 2 (UPDRS2). The authors explored the relation between these scores 
      and lifetime occupational pesticide exposure while accounting for age. RESULTS: All 
      participants were Hispanic men born in Mexico who had worked in agriculture for 4 to 
      43 years (median: 21 years, including 11 years applying pesticides, mostly in the 
      United States). Ten participants (26%) reported difficulty with one or more UPDRS2 
      activities of daily living (maximum = 2), and nine (24%) had a UPDRS3 >0 (maximum = 
      10). The most common symptom and sign, respectively, were excess saliva (n = 6) and 
      action tremor (n = 5). UPDRS2 and UPDRS3 scores were unrelated to the number of 
      years applying pesticides, but UPDRS3, especially action tremor, was positively 
      associated with living on or by a farm. CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms and signs of 
      parkinsonism were absent to mild in this small sample of active workers who apply 
      cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides in Washington State, USA. Future studies 
      should be larger and examine older, retired workers with greater cumulative exposure 
      to agricultural pesticides at work and home, including other types of agricultural 
      pesticides.
FAU - Searles Nielsen, Susan
AU  - Searles Nielsen S
AD  - a Department of Neurology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , 
      Missouri , USA.
FAU - Hu, Shu-Ching
AU  - Hu SC
AD  - b Department of Neurology, School of Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , 
      Washington , USA.
FAU - Checkoway, Harvey
AU  - Checkoway H
AD  - c Department of Family Medicine and Public Health , University of California San 
      Diego , La Jolla , California , USA.
FAU - Negrete, Maria
AU  - Negrete M
AD  - d Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA.
FAU - Palmández, Pablo
AU  - Palmández P
AD  - d Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA.
FAU - Bordianu, Theresa
AU  - Bordianu T
AD  - d Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA.
FAU - Racette, Brad A
AU  - Racette BA
AD  - a Department of Neurology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , 
      Missouri , USA.
AD  - e School of Public Health , University of the Witwatersrand , Parktown , South 
      Africa.
FAU - Simpson, Christopher D
AU  - Simpson CD
AD  - d Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - K24 ES017765/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 OH007544/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
TA  - J Agromedicine
JT  - Journal of agromedicine
JID - 9421530
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Agricultural Workers' Diseases/*diagnosis/ethnology/etiology
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Mexico
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Occupational Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Parkinsonian Disorders/*diagnosis/ethnology/etiology
MH  - Pesticides/*economics/*toxicity
MH  - Washington/ethnology
MH  - Workforce
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC5533575
MID - NIHMS880727
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cholinesterase inhibitors
OT  - Parkinson’s disease
OT  - occupational health
OT  - parkinsonian disorders
OT  - pesticides
COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/04/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/01 06:00
CRDT- 2017/04/19 06:00
PHST- 2017/04/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/04/19 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1317684 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agromedicine. 2017;22(3):215-221. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1317684.

PMID- 29701446
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190201
LR  - 20191108
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 126
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Apr 25
TI  - Prenatal Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Traits Related to Autism Spectrum 
      Disorders in a Population Living in Proximity to Agriculture.
PG  - 047012
LID - 10.1289/EHP2580 [doi]
LID - 047012
AB  - BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides has been linked 
      with poorer neurodevelopment and behaviors related to autism spectrum disorders 
      (ASD) in previous studies, including in the Center for Health Assessment of Mothers 
      and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a birth cohort living in the agricultural 
      Salinas Valley in California. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of prenatal 
      exposure to OP pesticides with traits related to ASD, in childhood and adolescents 
      in CHAMACOS. METHODS: We assessed OP exposure during pregnancy with measurements of 
      dialkyl phosphates (DAP) metabolites in urine, and residential proximity to OP use 
      during pregnancy using California's Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) data and estimated 
      associations with ASD-related traits using linear regression models. We measured 
      traits reported by parents and teachers as well as the child's performance on tests 
      that evaluate the ability to use facial expressions to recognize the mental state of 
      others at 7, 10(1)/(2), and 14 years of age. RESULTS: Prenatal DAPs were associated 
      with poorer parent and teacher reported social behavior [e.g., a 10-fold DAP 
      increase was associated with a 2.7-point increase (95% confidence interval (CI): 
      0.9, 4.5) in parent-reported Social Responsiveness Scale, Version 2, T-scores at age 
      14]. We did not find clear evidence of associations between residential proximity to 
      OP use during pregnancy and ASD-related traits. CONCLUSIONS: These findings 
      contribute mixed evidence linking OP pesticide exposures with traits related to 
      developmental disorders like ASD. Subtle pesticide-related effects on ASD-related 
      traits among a population with ubiquitous exposure could result in a rise in cases 
      of clinically diagnosed disorders like ASD. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2580.
FAU - Sagiv, Sharon K
AU  - Sagiv SK
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Harris, Maria H
AU  - Harris MH
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Gunier RB
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Kogut, Katherine R
AU  - Kogut KR
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Deardorff, Julianna
AU  - Deardorff J
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Holland, Nina
AU  - Holland N
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA035300/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015572/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UG3 OD023356/OD/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20180425
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
EIN - Environ Health Perspect. 2018 Jul 05;126(7):079001. PMID: 29985790
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Autism Spectrum Disorder/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - California/epidemiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced/*epidemiology
PMC - PMC6071837
EDAT- 2018/04/28 06:00
MHDA- 2019/02/02 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/28 06:00
PHST- 2017/07/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/03/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/04/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/02/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - EHP2580 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/EHP2580 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2018 Apr 25;126(4):047012. doi: 10.1289/EHP2580.

PMID- 21507776
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111128
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 119
IP  - 8
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children.
PG  - 1189-95
LID - 10.1289/ehp.1003185 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are neurotoxic at high doses. Few studies 
      have examined whether chronic exposure at lower levels could adversely affect 
      children's cognitive development. OBJECTIVE: We examined associations between 
      prenatal and postnatal exposure to OP pesticides and cognitive abilities in 
      school-age children. METHODS: We conducted a birth cohort study (Center for the 
      Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas study) among predominantly 
      Latino farmworker families from an agricultural community in California. We assessed 
      exposure to OP pesticides by measuring dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites in urine 
      collected during pregnancy and from children at 6 months and 1, 2, 3.5, and 5 years 
      of age. We administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition, 
      to 329 children 7 years of age. Analyses were adjusted for maternal education and 
      intelligence, Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment score, and 
      language of cognitive assessment. RESULTS: Urinary DAP concentrations measured 
      during the first and second half of pregnancy had similar relations to cognitive 
      scores, so we used the average of concentrations measured during pregnancy in 
      further analyses. Averaged maternal DAP concentrations were associated with poorer 
      scores for Working Memory, Processing Speed, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual 
      Reasoning, and Full-Scale intelligence quotient (IQ). Children in the highest 
      quintile of maternal DAP concentrations had an average deficit of 7.0 IQ points 
      compared with those in the lowest quintile. However, children's urinary DAP 
      concentrations were not consistently associated with cognitive scores. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Prenatal but not postnatal urinary DAP concentrations were associated with poorer 
      intellectual development in 7-year-old children. Maternal urinary DAP concentrations 
      in the present study were higher but nonetheless within the range of levels measured 
      in the general U.S. population.
FAU - Bouchard, Maryse F
AU  - Bouchard MF
AD  - University of California-Berkeley, Center for Environmental Research and Children's 
      Health, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California 94704, USA.
FAU - Chevrier, Jonathan
AU  - Chevrier J
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
FAU - Kogut, Katherine
AU  - Kogut K
FAU - Vedar, Michelle
AU  - Vedar M
FAU - Calderon, Norma
AU  - Calderon N
FAU - Trujillo, Celina
AU  - Trujillo C
FAU - Johnson, Caroline
AU  - Johnson C
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
FAU - Barr, Dana Boyd
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015572/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 OH007400/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20110421
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intelligence/*drug effects
MH  - Intelligence Tests
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity/urine
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
PMC - PMC3237357
COIS- The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not 
      necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIOSH, National Institutes of 
      Health, or U.S. EPA. B.E. has consulted in a case of pesticide exposure. The other 
      authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests.
EDAT- 2011/04/22 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/04/22 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/04/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/04/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/04/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - ehp.1003185 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.1003185 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Aug;119(8):1189-95. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1003185. Epub 
      2011 Apr 21.

PMID- 22100724
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120514
LR  - 20120106
IS  - 1532-8449 (Electronic)
IS  - 0882-5963 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 1
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Prenatal pesticide exposure linked to lower IQ in children.
PG  - 85-7
LID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2011.11.003 [doi]
FAU - McBride, Deborah L
AU  - McBride DL
AD  - Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA. jrm2@berkeley.edu
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pediatr Nurs
JT  - Journal of pediatric nursing
JID - 8607529
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intelligence/*drug effects
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
EDAT- 2011/11/22 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/15 06:00
CRDT- 2011/11/22 06:00
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/11/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0882-5963(11)00663-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pedn.2011.11.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pediatr Nurs. 2012 Feb;27(1):85-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2011.11.003.

PMID- 24560532
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150818
LR  - 20161020
IS  - 1578-1283 (Electronic)
IS  - 0213-9111 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 3
DP  - 2014 May-Jun
TI  - [Exposure pathways to pesticides in schoolchildren in the Province of Talca, Chile].
PG  - 190-5
LID - S0213-9111(14)00010-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.01.003 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To describe pesticide concentrations in distinct environmental matrices 
      at two time points (low and high seasons in local agricultural production) and to 
      estimate the association between the presence of pesticide residues in matrices and 
      the use of pesticides in the home with the sociodemographic variables of 
      schoolchildren in the Province of Talca, Chile. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was 
      conducted in 190 schoolchildren. Families were surveyed about their children's 
      vegetable consumption in school and at home, the use of pesticides in the home, and 
      other sociodemographic variables. Additionally, we measured pesticide residues in 
      vegetables and water consumed by the schoolchildren and in the soil of 14 schools. 
      RESULTS: At both time points, the vegetable matrix had the highest pesticide 
      concentration, both in urban and rural schoolchildren. The most common pesticide 
      residues in vegetables were chlorpyrifos, diphenylamine, pyrimethanil, and 
      thiabendazole. In the home, pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticides were mainly 
      used in summer. Dangerous pesticide residues such as azinphos methyl and dimethoate 
      were found in vegetables consumed by the children in schools and households, and 
      organochlorines were found in the soil in some schools. CONCLUSIONS: Pesticide 
      exposure should be limited and the health effects related to pesticide exposure 
      should be assessed in the school population.
CI  - Copyright © 2013 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa
AU  - Muñoz-Quezada MT
AD  - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile. 
      Electronic address: mtmunoz@ucm.cl.
FAU - Lucero, Boris
AU  - Lucero B
AD  - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile; 
      Programa de Doctorado en Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de 
      Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación de Vulnerabilidades y Desastres 
      Socionaturales (CIVDES), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Iglesias, Verónica
AU  - Iglesias V
AD  - Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 
      Chile.
FAU - Muñoz, María Pía
AU  - Muñoz MP
AD  - Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 
      Chile.
LA  - spa
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TT  - Vías de exposición a plaguicidas en escolares de la Provincia de Talca, Chile.
DEP - 20140221
PL  - Spain
TA  - Gac Sanit
JT  - Gaceta sanitaria
JID - 8901623
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Chile
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticide Residues/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Seasons
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - Compuestos organoclorados
OT  - Environmental exposure
OT  - Exposición ambiental
OT  - Fungicidas
OT  - Fungicides
OT  - Niños
OT  - Organochlorine compounds
OT  - Organofosforados
OT  - Organophosphates
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Piretrinas
OT  - Plaguicidas
OT  - Pyrethrins
EDAT- 2014/02/25 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/19 06:00
CRDT- 2014/02/25 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/01/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0213-9111(14)00010-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.01.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gac Sanit. 2014 May-Jun;28(3):190-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 
      Feb 21.

PMID- 28131887
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170508
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1879-1891 (Electronic)
IS  - 0002-9394 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9394 (Linking)
VI  - 176
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - Residential Pesticide Exposures in Pregnancy and the Risk of Sporadic 
      Retinoblastoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.
PG  - 166-173
LID - S0002-9394(17)30030-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.01.016 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To examine whether parental pesticide exposure contributes to the 
      development of sporadic retinoblastoma. DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: Data 
      were collected by a large multicenter study of sporadic retinoblastoma in which 
      parents of 99 unilateral and 56 bilateral age-matched case-control pairs were 
      interviewed by telephone. Retrospective exposure information was collected on the 
      type, location, timing, and frequency of residential pesticide use. We used 
      conditional logistic regression analyses to estimate odds ratios for maternal 
      pesticide exposure in the month before or during pregnancy and to assess whether the 
      type of product, and the circumstances under which it was applied, were associated 
      with risk of disease. RESULTS: Unilateral retinoblastoma was associated with 
      parental insecticide use (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; confidence interval [CI], 1.1-6.7) 
      and the use of professional lawn or landscape services (OR, 2.8; CI, 1.0-8.2). For 
      bilateral disease we observed large point estimates for several exposures but the 
      small number of cases rendered these results uninformative (ie, resulted in wide 
      confidence intervals). Whether parents used the pesticide inside vs outside the home 
      did not appear to modify risk estimates for unilateral retinoblastoma (OR, 2.5; CI, 
      0.9-7.0 vs OR, 2.5; CI, 1.0-6.5), nor did the type, frequency, timing related to 
      pregnancy, or applicator of pesticide used influence estimates to an appreciable 
      degree for disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that parental pesticide 
      exposure before or during pregnancy may play a role in the development of childhood 
      retinoblastoma. Retrospectively collected exposure data introduces the possibility 
      of recall bias; therefore, results should be interpreted cautiously until additional 
      studies are conducted.
CI  - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Omidakhsh, Negar
AU  - Omidakhsh N
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of 
      California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
FAU - Ganguly, Arupa
AU  - Ganguly A
AD  - Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
FAU - Bunin, Greta R
AU  - Bunin GR
AD  - Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital 
      of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
FAU - von Ehrenstein, Ondine S
AU  - von Ehrenstein OS
AD  - Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, 
      University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
FAU - Ritz, Beate
AU  - Ritz B
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of 
      California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
FAU - Heck, Julia E
AU  - Heck JE
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of 
      California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: 
      jeheck@ucla.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 CA118580/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 CA175959/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03 ES021643/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T42 OH008412/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES019986/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
DEP - 20170126
TA  - Am J Ophthalmol
JT  - American journal of ophthalmology
JID - 0370500
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Retinal Neoplasms/*chemically induced/diagnosis
MH  - Retinoblastoma/*chemically induced/diagnosis
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC5376525
MID - NIHMS846997
EDAT- 2017/01/31 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/10 06:00
CRDT- 2017/01/30 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/01/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/01/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0002-9394(17)30030-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.01.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Apr;176:166-173. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.01.016. Epub 2017 Jan 
      26.

PMID- 32041625
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201013
LR  - 20201013
IS  - 1476-069X (Electronic)
IS  - 1476-069X (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Feb 10
TI  - Application of the Food Quality Protection Act children's health safety factor in 
      the U.S. EPA pesticide risk assessments.
PG  - 16
LID - 10.1186/s12940-020-0571-6 [doi]
LID - 16
AB  - BACKGROUND: The Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, or FQPA, required the 
      Environmental Protection Agency to set allowable levels for pesticides in a way that 
      would "ensure that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to 
      infants and children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue." The 
      act stipulated that an additional tenfold margin of safety for pesticide risk 
      assessments shall be applied to account for pre- and postnatal toxicity and for any 
      data gaps regarding pesticide exposure and toxicity, unless there are reliable data 
      to demonstrate that a different margin would be safe for infants and children. 
      DISCUSSION: To examine the implementation of the FQPA-mandated additional margin of 
      safety, this analysis reviews 59 pesticide risk assessments published by the EPA 
      between 2011 and 2019. The list includes 12 pesticides used in the largest amount in 
      the U.S.; a group of 35 pesticides detected on fruits and vegetables; and 12 
      organophosphate pesticides. For the non-organophosphate pesticides reviewed here, 
      the EPA applied an additional children's health safety factor in 13% of acute 
      dietary exposure scenarios and 12% of chronic dietary exposure scenarios. For 
      incidental oral, dermal and inhalation exposures, additional FQPA factors were 
      applied for 15, 31, and 41%, respectively, of the non-organophosphate pesticides, 
      primarily due to data uncertainties. For the organophosphate pesticides as a group, 
      a tenfold children's health safety factor was proposed in 2015. Notably, in 2017 
      that decision was reversed for chlorpyrifos. CONCLUSIONS: For the majority of 
      pesticides reviewed in this study, the EPA did not apply an additional FQPA safety 
      factor, missing an opportunity to fully use the FQPA authority for protecting 
      children's health.
FAU - Naidenko, Olga V
AU  - Naidenko OV
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1594-5766
AD  - Environmental Working Group, 1436 U St NW, Suite 100, Washington DC, 20009, USA. 
      olga@ewg.org.
LA  - eng
GR  - N/A/Jonas Philanthropies (US)/International
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200210
TA  - Environ Health
JT  - Environmental health : a global access science source
JID - 101147645
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Health/*legislation & jurisprudence
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/*legislation & jurisprudence
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects
MH  - *Food Quality
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Risk Assessment/*legislation & jurisprudence
MH  - United States
MH  - United States Environmental Protection Agency/*legislation & jurisprudence
PMC - PMC7011289
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children’s health safety factor
OT  - *Food Quality Protection Act
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Risk assessment
COIS- The author (OVN) declares no competing financial interests. On behalf of her 
      employer, Environmental Working Group, OVN has submitted public comments to the U.S. 
      Environmental Protection Agency through the Regulations.gov website on the U.S. EPA 
      risk assessments for various pesticides, including, in 2018–2019, public comments on 
      pesticides atrazine, glyphosate, imazalil, paraquat, thiabendazole, and triclosan.
EDAT- 2020/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/02/12 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s12940-020-0571-6 [pii]
AID - 571 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12940-020-0571-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Health. 2020 Feb 10;19(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12940-020-0571-6.

PMID- 20306773
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100420
LR  - 20191111
IS  - 0334-0139 (Print)
IS  - 0334-0139 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 Oct-Dec
TI  - Assessing the association between pesticide exposure and cognitive development in 
      rural Costa Rican children living in organic and conventional coffee farms.
PG  - 609-21
AB  - We examined the association between pesticide exposure and cognitive development 
      among rural Costa Rican children in a cross-sectional study. Study participants aged 
      4-10 years included 17 children whose parents worked in La Amistad organic coffee 
      plantation and 18 Las Mellizas children whose parents worked in their own small 
      conventional coffee farms. Two spot-urine samples were collected from each 
      participant and analyzed for organophosphorus and pyrethroids pesticide metabolites. 
      We administered the computerized Behavioral Assessment and Research System (BARS), a 
      figure-drawing task, and a long-term memory test to evaluate study participant's 
      cognitive development. Although urinary pesticide metabolite levels did not vary 
      considerably between these two groups of children, we found that Las Mellizas 
      children performed better in BARS and the figure drawing tests than did La Amistad. 
      The results from the linear mixed-effects models suggested that family socioeconomic 
      status (SES) might be a significant contributor to the variation of the outcomes of 
      the neurobehavioral tests. The effect of pesticide exposure, however, as measured in 
      a snapshot fashion, did not play a significant role to the performance of the 
      cognitive development evaluation. Regardless of the study limitations, needed effort 
      should be devoted to the improvement of the SES on the La Amistad families so that 
      their children's cognitive development would not be compromised further. 
      Additionally, future studies should focus on addressing the limitations imposed on 
      the snapshot assessment of pesticide exposure and on conducting cognitive 
      development evaluation so the link between childhood pesticide exposure and their 
      cognitive development can be thoroughly investigated.
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
AD  - Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard 
      School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. 
      cslu@hsph.harvard.edu
FAU - Essig, Christa
AU  - Essig C
FAU - Root, Christa
AU  - Root C
FAU - Rohlman, Diane S
AU  - Rohlman DS
FAU - McDonald, Tom
AU  - McDonald T
FAU - Sulzbacher, Stephen
AU  - Sulzbacher S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Adolesc Med Health
JT  - International journal of adolescent medicine and health
JID - 8506960
RN  - 0 (Coffee)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Behavior/drug effects
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Coffee
MH  - Cognition/*drug effects
MH  - Costa Rica/epidemiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/urine
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Pyrethrins/urine
MH  - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
EDAT- 2010/03/24 06:00
MHDA- 2010/04/21 06:00
CRDT- 2010/03/24 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/04/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1515/ijamh.2009.21.4.609 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2009 Oct-Dec;21(4):609-21. doi: 
      10.1515/ijamh.2009.21.4.609.

PMID- 33152651
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210421
LR  - 20210604
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 146
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide dose estimation from spot and 24-hr urine samples 
      collected from children in an agricultural community.
PG  - 106226
LID - S0160-4120(20)32181-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106226 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Spot urine samples are often used to assess exposure to organophosphate 
      (OP) pesticides in place of "gold standard" 24-hr samples, which are cumbersome to 
      collect. Assessment of non-persistent chemicals using spot urine samples may result 
      in exposure misclassification that could bias epidemiological analyses towards the 
      null. Few studies have examined the validity of measurements of urinary metabolites 
      in spot samples to estimate daily OP dose or the potential implications of reliance 
      on spot samples for risk assessments. OBJECTIVE: Examine the validity of using first 
      morning void (FMV) and random non-FMV urine samples to estimate cumulative 24-hr OP 
      pesticide dose among children living in an agricultural region. METHODS: We 
      collected urine samples over 7 consecutive days, including two 24-hr samples, from 
      25 children living in an agricultural community. We used measurements of urinary 
      dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, data on nearby agricultural pesticide 
      applications, and daily dietary intake data to estimate internal dose from exposure 
      to a mixture of OP pesticides according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 
      Cumulative Risk Assessment guidelines. Dose estimates from volume- and 
      creatinine-adjusted same-day FMV and non-FMV spot urine samples were compared to the 
      "gold standard" estimates from 24-hr samples. RESULTS: Non-FMV samples had 
      relatively weak ability to predict 24-hr dose (R(2) = 0.09-0.38 for total DAPs) and 
      tended to underestimate the percentage of samples exceeding regulatory guidelines. 
      Models with FMV samples or the average of an FMV and non-FMV sample were similarly 
      predictive of 24-hr estimates (R(2) for DAPs = 0.40-0.68 and 0.40-0.80, 
      respectively, depending on volume adjustment method). CONCLUSION: Reliance on 
      non-FMV samples for risk assessments may underestimate daily OP dose and the 
      percentage of children with dose estimates exceeding regulatory guidelines. If 24-hr 
      urine sample collection is infeasible, we recommend future studies prioritize the 
      collection of FMV samples to most accurately characterize OP dose in children.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hyland, Carly
AU  - Hyland C
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: chyland@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Kogut, Katherine
AU  - Kogut K
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Gunier RB
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Castorina, Rosemary
AU  - Castorina R
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Curl, Cynthia
AU  - Curl C
AD  - Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 
      United States.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; 
      Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, 
      University of California, Merced United States.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES026994/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24 ES028529/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20201105
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphates
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - *Pesticides
PMC - PMC8168949
MID - NIHMS1705659
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Dose estimation
OT  - *Organophosphorus
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Risk assessment
EDAT- 2020/11/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/22 06:00
CRDT- 2020/11/05 20:18
PHST- 2020/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/09/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/11/05 20:18 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(20)32181-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106226 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106226. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106226. Epub 2020 Nov 
      5.

PMID- 29990728
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181105
LR  - 20181105
IS  - 1090-2414 (Electronic)
IS  - 0147-6513 (Linking)
VI  - 162
DP  - 2018 Oct 30
TI  - Correlation of pesticide exposure from dietary intake and bio-monitoring: The 
      different sex and socio-economic study of children.
PG  - 170-177
LID - S0147-6513(18)30584-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.086 [doi]
AB  - Exposure to organophosphorus pesticides was assessed though bio-monitoring of 
      urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites to characterize children's exposure to 
      pesticides. No reports have been found which evaluate exposure of pesticides among 
      adolescents of different sexes. The primary objective was to develop a coupled 
      exposure-dose modeling approach that can be used to determine the metabolite 
      concentrations. Related objective was to determine any significant changes of 
      pesticide exposure among the adolescents of different sexes. The primary objective 
      was to develop a coupled exposure-dose modeling approach to determine the 
      metabolites concentrations to keep children's urine metabolites levels below 
      specified values considering exposures from water, and the food related objective 
      was to determine any significant changes of pesticide exposure among the adolescents 
      of different sexes. We recruited a sample of 377 children (188 boys, 189 girls) ages 
      6-10 and 11-15 years from Hyderabad, India for urine collection. Results showed that 
      the mean concentrations of dialkyl phosphate metabolites in first morning first 
      urine samples (3.05 µmol L(-1)) were strongly correlated with concentrations of the 
      same-day 24-h samples (1.7 µmol L(-1)) ( r = 0.997, model R(2) ≈ 0.994, p < 0.00) 
      with 99.4% accuracy. Irrespective of similar amounts of conventional food 
      consumption, girls showed 87.5% of detection frequency of DAP metabolites which was 
      higher than the 74% detection frequency of DAP metabolites among boys. The female 
      group showed (87%) higher pesticide metabolite levels than boys. This report may 
      help to focus on new studies of the connection between adolescents of different sex 
      and organophosphorus metabolite exposure and to develop an exposure database to 
      facilitate health risk assessment in our day-to-day environment.
CI  - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sinha, Sukesh Narayan
AU  - Sinha SN
AD  - Food and Drug Toxicology Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), 
      Jamia-Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, AP, India. Electronic address: 
      sukeshnr_sinha@yahoo.com.
FAU - Banda, Venkat Reddy
AU  - Banda VR
AD  - Food and Drug Toxicology Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), 
      Jamia-Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, AP, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180704
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
JT  - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
JID - 7805381
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 598-02-7 (diethyl phosphate)
RN  - HI4K2C9UEI (dimethyl phosphate)
SB  - IM
EIN - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Dec 15;165:671. PMID: 30245152
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Food Contamination/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - India
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/metabolism/*toxicity/urine
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/urine
MH  - Pesticides/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - Water/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Bio-monitoring
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Exposure
OT  - *Metabolite
OT  - *Organophosphorus pesticides
OT  - *Urine
EDAT- 2018/07/11 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2018/07/11 06:00
PHST- 2018/04/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/06/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/07/11 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0147-6513(18)30584-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.086 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Oct 30;162:170-177. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.086. 
      Epub 2018 Jul 4.

PMID- 31701219
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201117
LR  - 20201117
IS  - 1613-7671 (Electronic)
IS  - 0043-5325 (Print)
IS  - 0043-5325 (Linking)
VI  - 132
IP  - 7-8
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - More pesticides-less children?
PG  - 197-204
LID - 10.1007/s00508-019-01566-z [doi]
AB  - A previously presented study investigated the impact of recent pesticide exposure on 
      cytological signs of genotoxicity and on symptoms of intoxication in 71 male coffee 
      workers in the Dominican Republic. An unexpected finding of this study was that 
      conventional farming workers, among other symptoms, reported fewer children than 
      controls working in organic farms without pesticide use. This study set out to 
      investigate possible reasons for the latter difference. One statistical problem of 
      this analysis is that the age of the workers is a strong predictor for the number of 
      children and available data on the exposure determinants "duration of pesticide 
      exposure" as well as "age at first pesticide exposure" are correlated with age. To 
      correctly control statistics for these confounding parameters, different approaches 
      to best control for age were explored. After careful elimination of the age-related 
      confounding factors, a reduced number of children was still observed in exposed 
      workers. The clearest effect is seen in those workers that reported first exposure 
      before the age of 20 years. Socioeconomic factors could still confound that finding, 
      but a direct effect of early life pesticide exposure is the most likely explanation 
      of the observation.
FAU - Moshammer, Hanns
AU  - Moshammer H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2235-0645
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, 
      Austria. hanns.moshammer@meduniwien.ac.at.
FAU - Poteser, Michael
AU  - Poteser M
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, 
      Austria.
FAU - Hutter, Hans-Peter
AU  - Hutter HP
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, 
      Austria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191107
TA  - Wien Klin Wochenschr
JT  - Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
JID - 21620870R
RN  - 0 (Coffee)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Coffee
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Occupational Exposure/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Pesticides/adverse effects
PMC - PMC7174269
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Coffee plantation
OT  - Farm workers
OT  - Male fertility
OT  - Non-linear associations
OT  - Pesticides
COIS- H. Moshammer, M. Poteser, and H.-P. Hutter declare that they have no competing 
      interests.
EDAT- 2019/11/09 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/18 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/09 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/07/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/11/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/09 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00508-019-01566-z [pii]
AID - 1566 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00508-019-01566-z [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020 Apr;132(7-8):197-204. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-01566-z. 
      Epub 2019 Nov 7.

PMID- 28659131
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171213
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jun 28
TI  - Childhood pesticide poisoning in Zhejiang, China: a retrospective analysis from 2006 
      to 2015.
PG  - 602
LID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4505-3 [doi]
LID - 602
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pesticide poisoning in children has been a serious public health issue 
      around the world, especially in the developing countries where agriculture is still 
      one of the largest economic sectors. The purpose of this study was to analyze 
      epidemiological characteristics of acute pesticide poisoning in children from 
      Zhejiang province, China. METHODS: The pesticide poisoning cases for children were 
      retrieved from Occupational Disease Surveillance and Reporting System, Zhejiang 
      Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China. The incident cases, 
      deaths, and fatality rate of child pesticide poisoning from 2006 through 2015 were 
      calculated. RESULTS: During the study period, totally 2952 children were poisoned by 
      pesticides, with 66 deaths, resulting in a fatality rate of 2.24%. Among them, there 
      were 1607 male cases with 28 deaths, and 1345 female cases with 38 deaths. Most of 
      the cases occurred in preschool children (1349) and adolescent age group (1269). 
      Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides were the cause of most poisonings (1130), 
      leading to 34 deaths. The highest fatality rate (3.13%) was due to poisoning by 
      herbicides and fungicides, causing 14 deaths out of 448 cases. Poisoning occurred 
      mostly in rural areas (78%). And most pesticide poisoning occurred in the summer 
      (896) and fall (811), while fewest poisoning cases in the winter (483) but with the 
      highest fatality rate (3.52%). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that pesticide 
      poisoning of children is a major health problem in Zhejiang, suggesting preventive 
      strategies should be conducted to control childhood pesticide poisoning.
FAU - Yimaer, Aziguli
AU  - Yimaer A
AD  - Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 
      310058, China.
FAU - Chen, Guangdi
AU  - Chen G
AD  - Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 
      310058, China.
FAU - Zhang, Meibian
AU  - Zhang M
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for 
      Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
FAU - Zhou, Lifang
AU  - Zhou L
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for 
      Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
FAU - Fang, Xinglin
AU  - Fang X
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for 
      Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China. xlfang@cdc.zj.cn.
FAU - Jiang, Wei
AU  - Jiang W
AD  - Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 
      310058, China. jwei@zju.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170628
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
RN  - 0 (Carbamates)
RN  - 0 (Fungicides, Industrial)
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Carbamates/poisoning
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Health
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - *Developing Countries
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Fungicides, Industrial/poisoning
MH  - Herbicides/poisoning
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Insecticides/poisoning
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphate Poisoning/epidemiology
MH  - Organophosphates/adverse effects
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Poisoning/*epidemiology/mortality
MH  - Public Health
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Seasons
PMC - PMC5490151
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Organophosphate
OT  - *Pesticide poisoning
OT  - *Retrospective analysis
EDAT- 2017/07/01 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/14 06:00
CRDT- 2017/06/30 06:00
PHST- 2017/04/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/06/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/06/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/07/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4505-3 [pii]
AID - 4505 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-017-4505-3 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2017 Jun 28;17(1):602. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4505-3.

PMID- 17084836
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070221
LR  - 20071203
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 103
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 Jan
TI  - In utero pesticide exposure and childhood morbidity.
PG  - 79-86
AB  - In humans, immune development begins early in embryonic life and continues 
      throughout the early postnatal period. Although a number of pesticides have been 
      observed to induce developmental immunotoxicity in mice, few human studies have 
      examined the long term effects of in utero pesticide exposure on childhood 
      morbidity. Empirical evidence suggests that the vulnerable period for toxic insults 
      to the developing immune system extends from early gestation to adolescence in 
      humans and animals. Using data from the Ontario Farm Family Health Study, we 
      examined the relationship between farm couple exposures to pesticides during 
      pregnancy and subsequent health outcomes in their offspring, including: persistent 
      cough or bronchitis, asthma, and allergies or hayfever. No strong associations 
      between pesticide exposures during pregnancy and persistent cough or bronchitis, or 
      asthma were found. There was suggestive evidence that allergies and hayfever 
      appeared to be more common in offspring, especially male offspring, exposed to 
      certain specific pesticides during the period of pregnancy. Nevertheless, given the 
      indirect indicators of pesticide exposure used in this study, and the scarcity of 
      human studies on in utero exposure to pesticides and the development of allergies 
      and other child health outcomes, these findings serve primarily to generate 
      hypotheses for future research.
FAU - Weselak, Mandy
AU  - Weselak M
AD  - R. Samuel McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of 
      Population Health, University of Ottawa, Canada. mweselak@ohri.ca
FAU - Arbuckle, Tye E
AU  - Arbuckle TE
FAU - Wigle, Donald T
AU  - Wigle DT
FAU - Krewski, Daniel
AU  - Krewski D
LA  - eng
GR  - ES-05502/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20061107
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Asthma/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Bronchitis/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cough/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Morbidity
MH  - Ontario/epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
EDAT- 2006/11/07 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/22 09:00
CRDT- 2006/11/07 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/09/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/09/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/11/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/22 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/11/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(06)00197-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2006.09.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2007 Jan;103(1):79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2006.09.001. Epub 2006 Nov 
      7.

PMID- 15979719
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20051207
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 8
DP  - 2005 Oct
TI  - Air pollution and young children's inhalation exposure to organophosphorus pesticide 
      in an agricultural community in Japan.
PG  - 1123-32
AB  - Assessment of airborne organophosphorus pesticides in houses of young children (1-6 
      years old) and childcare facilities was conducted following pesticide applications 
      in an agricultural community in Japan. Trichlorfon and fenitrothion, applied in two 
      separate periods, were frequently detected from outdoor and indoor air. Dichlorvos, 
      the primary degradation product of trichlorfon, was also detected after the 
      application of trichlorfon. Both the outdoors and indoor concentration of applied 
      pesticide were shown to increase with decreasing distance from the pesticide-applied 
      farm. Indoor concentration of these pesticides significantly correlated with outdoor 
      concentration (p=0.001 for trichlorfon and p=0.001 for fenitrothion), indicating 
      infiltration of applied pesticide inside. Ratio of indoor to outdoor concentration 
      (I/O ratio) of fenitrothion was higher for houses with windows open during the 
      application than those with closed windows (median value: 0.74 vs. 0.16, p=0.003). 
      However, a similar trend was not observed for trichlorfon as well as dichlorvos in 
      the first period. Dichlorvos was found to have a higher I/O ratio than trichlorfon 
      during the period, and clear correlation between indoor concentrations of dichlorvos 
      and those of trichlorfon suggested increased decomposition of trichlorfon in the 
      indoor environment. Daily inhalation exposure estimated by using the fixed 
      measurement data and time-activity questionnaire ranged from 0 to 35 ng/kg/day for 
      trichlorfon, from 0 to 26 ng/kg/day for dichlorvos, and from 0 to 44 ng/kg/day for 
      fenitrothion. Median inhalation exposure from indoor air accounted for 74%, 86.3%, 
      and 45% of the daily inhalation exposure, respectively. For kindergarteners or 
      nursery school children, inhalation exposure at childcare facilities was comparable 
      with or more than that at home, indicating that pollution level at childcare 
      facilities had potential of high impact on children's exposure. Estimated daily 
      inhalation exposures were inversely correlated to the proximity of their activity 
      location to the pesticide-applied farm.
FAU - Kawahara, Junko
AU  - Kawahara J
AD  - Department of Environmental System Institute of Environmental Studies, Graduate 
      School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan. 
      junko.kawahara@yy.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
FAU - Horikoshi, Ryoko
AU  - Horikoshi R
FAU - Yamaguchi, Takashi
AU  - Yamaguchi T
FAU - Kumagai, Kazukiyo
AU  - Kumagai K
FAU - Yanagisawa, Yukio
AU  - Yanagisawa Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Inhalation Exposure
MH  - Japan
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Ventilation
EDAT- 2005/06/28 09:00
MHDA- 2005/12/13 09:00
CRDT- 2005/06/28 09:00
PHST- 2004/11/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2005/06/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/12/13 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/06/28 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(05)00053-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2005.04.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2005 Oct;31(8):1123-32. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2005.04.001.

PMID- 29081347
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180221
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 0895-3988 (Print)
IS  - 0895-3988 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 9
DP  - 2017 Sep
TI  - Acute Pesticide Poisoning in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2006 to 2015.
PG  - 695-700
LID - 10.3967/bes2017.094 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of pesticide poisoning in 
      Jiangsu Province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for developing effective 
      interventional measures and preventive strategies. From 2006 to 2015, a total of 
      35,308 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Jiangsu Province. 
      Non-occupational poisoning accounted for 73.79% of all poisoning cases. A comparison 
      of the data collected before (2006) and after (2015) this study showed a decrease in 
      non-occupational pesticide poisoning. Pesticide poisoning showed an age central 
      tendency of 30 to 44 years, area central tendency for northern Jiangsu, and seasonal 
      central tendency of occupational pesticide poisoning in autumn. Pesticide poisoning 
      remains a major health concern in China. Government agencies together with 
      scientists should focus their efforts on the prevention of potential threats to 
      vulnerable groups such as the elderly, women, and children.
CI  - Copyright © 2017 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 
      Published by China CDC. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Bo Shen
AU  - Wang BS
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, 
      School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; 
      Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial 
      Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Chen, Lin
AU  - Chen L
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, 
      School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; 
      Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial 
      Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Li, Xiu Ting
AU  - Li XT
AD  - Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Nanjing 210042, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Xu, Ming
AU  - Xu M
AD  - Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial 
      Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Zhu, Bao Li
AU  - Zhu BL
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, 
      School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; 
      Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial 
      Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Zhang, Juan
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, 
      School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - China
TA  - Biomed Environ Sci
JT  - Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES
JID - 8909524
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China
MH  - Cities
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Seasons
EDAT- 2017/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/22 06:00
CRDT- 2017/10/31 06:00
PHST- 2017/02/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/07/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0895-3988(17)30115-0 [pii]
AID - 10.3967/bes2017.094 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biomed Environ Sci. 2017 Sep;30(9):695-700. doi: 10.3967/bes2017.094.

PMID- 31226627
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200430
LR  - 20200430
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 176
DP  - 2019 Sep
TI  - Pesticide metabolite concentrations in Queensland pre-schoolers - Exposure trends 
      related to age and sex using urinary biomarkers.
PG  - 108532
LID - S0013-9351(19)30329-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108532 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed to assess pesticide concentration and composition trends associated 
      with age and sex in Australian infants and toddlers. Individual urine samples 
      (n = 400) were collected in 2014/5 from Queensland infants and toddlers aged 0-5 y 
      and composited into 20 pools of 20 individual samples by age (of 5 strata) and sex. 
      Nineteen biomarkers including organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide metabolites, 
      herbicides and metabolites, and an insect repellent, DEET, were measured. In total, 
      seven organophosphate pesticide metabolites, three pyrethroid metabolites and one 
      herbicide metabolite were detectable in >50% of the sample pools. A significant 
      increase of concentrations of dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl dithiophosphate, diethyl 
      thiophosphate (DETP), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY), 4-nitrophenol and 
      3-phenoxybenzoic acid with age was observed (with the p value of <0.0001 to 0.034). 
      This suggested that exposure increases following weaning or as a result of increased 
      dietary intake and mobility/activity. Significant age trends remained after 
      adjustment for body weight and urine flow for DETP and TCPY (p = 0.029 and 0.016 
      respectively). The level of estimated "worst-case scenario" daily intake of 
      chlorpyrifos from these pooled samples ranged from 0.40 to 1.8 μg/kg-day, which was 
      below the Australian Acceptable Daily Intake guideline (3 μg/kg-day). This study 
      presents the first dataset of age trends in concentrations of these pesticides for 
      infants and toddlers and contributed to new understanding of exposure pathways and 
      potential risks.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Li, Yan
AU  - Li Y
AD  - QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of 
      Queensland, 4102, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: y.li24@uq.edu.au.
FAU - Wang, Xianyu
AU  - Wang X
AD  - QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of 
      Queensland, 4102, Brisbane, Australia.
FAU - Toms, Leisa-Maree L
AU  - Toms LL
AD  - School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical 
      Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 4000, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - He, Chang
AU  - He C
AD  - QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of 
      Queensland, 4102, Brisbane, Australia.
FAU - Hobson, Peter
AU  - Hobson P
AD  - Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Taringa, Brisbane, Australia.
FAU - Sly, Peter D
AU  - Sly PD
AD  - Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The 
      University of Queensland, 4101, Brisbane, Australia.
FAU - Aylward, Lesa L
AU  - Aylward LL
AD  - QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of 
      Queensland, 4102, Brisbane, Australia; Summit Toxicology, LLP, 22044, Falls Church, 
      VA, USA.
FAU - Mueller, Jochen F
AU  - Mueller JF
AD  - QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of 
      Queensland, 4102, Brisbane, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190611
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Australia
MH  - Biomarkers/urine
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*urine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Pyrethrins
MH  - Queensland
MH  - Sex Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Human biomonitoring
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *Pyrethroid pesticides
OT  - *Urine
EDAT- 2019/06/22 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/01 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/22 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/05/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/06/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/06/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30329-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108532 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Sep;176:108532. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108532. Epub 2019 Jun 
      11.

PMID- 31369979
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200225
LR  - 20211109
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 131
DP  - 2019 Oct
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide metabolite concentrations in urine during pregnancy and 
      offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autistic traits.
PG  - 105002
LID - S0160-4120(18)32942-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105002 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides has been associated 
      with altered neuronal cell development and behavioral changes in animal offspring. 
      However, the few studies investigating the association between prenatal OP pesticide 
      exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity 
      Disorder (ADHD) and autistic traits in children produced mixed findings. OBJECTIVE: 
      The objective of the present study was to examine whether maternal urinary 
      concentrations of OP pesticide metabolites are associated with ADHD and autistic 
      traits in children participating in the Generation R Study, a population-based birth 
      cohort from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. METHOD: Maternal concentrations of 6 
      dialkylphosphates (DAPs) were measured using gas chromatography coupled with tandem 
      mass spectrometry in urine samples collected at <18 weeks, 18-25 weeks, 
      and > 25 weeks of gestation in 784 mother-child pairs. DAP metabolite concentrations 
      were expressed as molar concentrations divided by creatinine levels and log(10) 
      transformed. ADHD traits were measured at ages 3, 6, and 10 years using the Child 
      Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (n = 781) and autistic traits were measured at age 6 years 
      using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) (n = 622). First, regression models were 
      fit for the averaged prenatal exposure across pregnancy. Second, we investigated 
      associations for each collection phase separately, and applied a mutually adjusted 
      model in which the effect of prenatal DAP concentrations from each time period on 
      ADHD and autistic traits were jointly estimated. All associations were adjusted for 
      relevant confounders. RESULTS: Median DAP metabolite concentration was 309 nmol/g 
      creatinine at <18 weeks, 316 nmol/g creatinine at 18-25 weeks, and 308 nmol/g 
      creatinine at >25 weeks of gestation. Overall, DAP metabolite concentrations were 
      not associated with ADHD traits. For instance, a log10 increase in averaged total 
      DAP concentrations across gestation was not associated with a lower ADHD score 
      (-0.03 per SD 95 CI: -0.28 to 0.23). Similarly, no associations between maternal DAP 
      concentrations and autistic traits were detected. CONCLUSIONS: In this study of 
      maternal urinary DAP metabolite concentrations during pregnancy, we did not observe 
      associations with ADHD and autistic traits in children. These are important null 
      observations because of the relatively high background DAP concentrations across 
      pregnancy, the relatively large sample size, and the 10-year follow-up of the 
      offspring. Given the measurement error inherent in our OP pesticide exposure 
      biomarkers, future studies using more urine samples are needed to accurately measure 
      OP pesticide exposure over pregnancy in relation to ADHD and autistic traits.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - van den Dries, Michiel A
AU  - van den Dries MA
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical 
      Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R 
      Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
FAU - Guxens, Mònica
AU  - Guxens M
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical 
      Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; ISGlobal, Barcelona, 
      Catalonia, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for 
      Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos 
      III, Spain.
FAU - Pronk, Anjoeka
AU  - Pronk A
AD  - Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Zeist, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Spaan, Suzanne
AU  - Spaan S
AD  - Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Zeist, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - El Marroun, Hanan
AU  - El Marroun H
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical 
      Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of 
      Pediatrics, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 
      Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and 
      Behavioral Sciences - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
FAU - Jusko, Todd A
AU  - Jusko TA
AD  - Departments of Public Health Sciences and Environmental Medicine, University of 
      Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
FAU - Longnecker, Matthew P
AU  - Longnecker MP
AD  - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National 
      Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, NC, USA.
FAU - Ferguson, Kelly K
AU  - Ferguson KK
AD  - Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National 
      Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, NC, USA.
FAU - Tiemeier, Henning
AU  - Tiemeier H
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical 
      Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social 
      and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA. 
      Electronic address: tiemeier@hsph.harvard.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - K12 ES019852/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES001247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190729
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - AYI8EX34EU (Creatinine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*chemically induced
MH  - Autistic Disorder/*chemically induced
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Creatinine/urine
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Netherlands
MH  - Organophosphates/adverse effects/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/adverse effects/*urine
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
PMC - PMC6939991
MID - NIHMS1063983
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
OT  - *Autism spectrum disorder
OT  - *Biomarkers
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - *Population-based birth cohort
OT  - *Prenatal exposure
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors did not declare any competing 
      interests.
EDAT- 2019/08/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/26 06:00
CRDT- 2019/08/02 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/06/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/08/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(18)32942-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2019 Oct;131:105002. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105002. Epub 2019 Jul 
      29.

PMID- 30185948
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200505
LR  - 20200630
IS  - 1559-064X (Electronic)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Print)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Pyrethroid levels in toddlers' breathing zone following a simulated indoor pesticide 
      spray.
PG  - 389-396
LID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0065-6 [doi]
AB  - Application of pyrethroid insecticides in residential settings may result in 
      children's exposures to these chemicals and possible adverse health effects. 
      Household dust is a recognized reservoir for pyrethroids and a potential medium for 
      multi-route pyrethroid exposure. Young children move and play in a manner that 
      resuspends dust, and since their breathing zone is close to the floor, they will 
      have higher inhalation exposure to pesticide-laden dust than other age groups. 
      Directly measuring a toddler's exposure to household dust presents many logistic 
      challenges. We simulated the dust resuspension induced by a toddler using a robot, 
      which also served as a platform to collect air samples at the toddler's breathing 
      zone height. We performed simulated pyrethroid residential spray and dust 
      resuspension experiments on vinyl and carpeted floors. The mean pyrethroid airborne 
      concentrations in the stationary and mobile samples were 0.065 μg/m(3) and 
      0.143 μg/m(3) for the vinyl floor with 1 g/m(2) dust loading, and 0.034 μg/m(3) and 
      0.061 μg/m(3) for the carpeted floor with 10 g/m(2) dust loading, respectively. 
      Pyrethroids concentrations in the settled dust samples were significantly lower than 
      that measured in the stationary and mobile samples in the carpeted floor 
      experiments. Thus, the use of stationary samples and settled dust samples may 
      underestimate a toddler's personal inhalation exposure to pyrethroids in residential 
      houses.
FAU - Zhou, Jiaqi
AU  - Zhou J
AD  - Division of Exposure Science, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The 
      State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
FAU - Mainelis, Gediminas
AU  - Mainelis G
AD  - Division of Exposure Science, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The 
      State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
AD  - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, The State 
      University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
FAU - Weisel, Clifford P
AU  - Weisel CP
AD  - Division of Exposure Science, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The 
      State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. weisel@eohsi.rutgers.edu.
AD  - Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, The State 
      University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA. weisel@eohsi.rutgers.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES005022/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180905
TA  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
JID - 101262796
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Dust/*analysis
MH  - Floors and Floorcoverings
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhalation Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Pyrethrins/*analysis
PMC - PMC7323485
MID - NIHMS1600244
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Inhalation exposure
OT  - *Pyrethroids
OT  - *Resuspended dust
OT  - *Toddlers
COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2018/09/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/07 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/07/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/09/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/07 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0065-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0065-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2019 Apr;29(3):389-396. doi: 
      10.1038/s41370-018-0065-6. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

PMID- 30903760
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190827
LR  - 20210214
IS  - 2191-0308 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-7554 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Jun 26
TI  - Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and hematological cancer: epidemiological, biological 
      and molecular evidence.
PG  - 197-210
LID - 10.1515/reveh-2018-0070 [doi]
AB  - Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used worldwide. The chronic effects of these 
      compounds are of concern given that epidemiological studies have suggested an 
      association with hematological cancer, particularly in children. However, the 
      biological evidence at molecular and cellular levels is limited. A review on the 
      molecular and cellular effects of pyrethroids is helpful to guide the study of the 
      biological plausibility of the association of pyrethroids with hematological cancer. 
      We reviewed studies suggesting that pyrethroids are genotoxic, induce genetic 
      rearrangements, alter gene expression and modify DNA. All of these biological 
      modifications could potentially contribute to the carcinogenic process in 
      hematopoietic cells.
FAU - Navarrete-Meneses, María Del Pilar
AU  - Navarrete-Meneses MDP
AD  - Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics Department, National Pediatrics 
      Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
AD  - Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico 
      (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
FAU - Pérez-Vera, Patricia
AU  - Pérez-Vera P
AD  - Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics Department, National Pediatrics 
      Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Germany
TA  - Rev Environ Health
JT  - Reviews on environmental health
JID - 0425754
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Animals
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Hematologic Neoplasms/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pyrethrins/*toxicity
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - insecticides
OT  - leukemia
OT  - lymphoma
OT  - permethrin
OT  - pyrethroids
EDAT- 2019/03/25 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/28 06:00
CRDT- 2019/03/24 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/01/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/03/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/03/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - reveh-2018-0070 [pii]
AID - 10.1515/reveh-2018-0070 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Environ Health. 2019 Jun 26;34(2):197-210. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0070.

PMID- 25854207
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160314
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 15
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - Household pesticide exposure and the risk of childhood acute leukemia in Shanghai, 
      China.
PG  - 11755-63
LID - 10.1007/s11356-015-4362-5 [doi]
AB  - Childhood acute leukemia (AL) is the most common malignant tumor in children, but 
      its etiology remains largely unknown. We investigated the relationship between 
      household exposure to pesticides and childhood AL. Between 2009 and 2010 in 
      Shanghai, a total of 248 newly diagnosed cases of AL and 111 gender-, age-, and 
      hospital-matched controls were included. Five nonspecific dialkyl phosphate (DAP) 
      metabolites of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) [including dimethyl phosphate 
      (DMP), diethyl phosphate (DEP), dimethyl thiophosphate (DMTP), diethyl thiophosphate 
      (DETP), and diethyl dithiophosphate (DEDTP)] in the urine were analyzed by gas 
      chromatography. The results showed that the median DMP, DEP, DMTP, DETP, and DEDEP 
      levels adjusted for creatinine (Cr) in cases (13.2, 10.0, 31.3, 8.5, and 6.1 μg 
      g(-1), respectively) were all significantly elevated compared with those in controls 
      (3.6, 3.6, 13.3, 2.7, and 1.7 μg g(-1), respectively) (P < 0.05). The household use 
      of mosquito repellent was significantly associated with an increased risk of 
      childhood AL (odds ratio (OR) = 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-3.1). 
      Moreover, higher exposures were significantly associated with an elevated risk of 
      childhood AL for DMs, DEs, and DAPs. Our findings support the notion that the 
      household use of pesticides may play a role in the etiology of childhood AL and 
      provide some evidence to warrant further investigation of the link between household 
      pesticide exposures and childhood AL in Shanghai.
FAU - Zhang, Yan
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong 
      University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, 200025, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Gao, Yu
AU  - Gao Y
FAU - Shi, Rong
AU  - Shi R
FAU - Chen, Didi
AU  - Chen D
FAU - Wang, Xiaojin
AU  - Wang X
FAU - Kamijima, Michihiro
AU  - Kamijima M
FAU - Sakai, Kiyoshi
AU  - Sakai K
FAU - Nakajima, Tamie
AU  - Nakajima T
FAU - Khalequzzaman, Md
AU  - Khalequzzaman M
FAU - Zhou, Yijun
AU  - Zhou Y
FAU - Zheng, Ying
AU  - Zheng Y
FAU - Bao, Pingping
AU  - Bao P
FAU - Tian, Ying
AU  - Tian Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150410
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Leukemia/*epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Risk
EDAT- 2015/04/10 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/15 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/10 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/04/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-015-4362-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Aug;22(15):11755-63. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-015-4362-5. Epub 2015 Apr 10.

PMID- 30594117
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190924
LR  - 20190925
IS  - 1095-8630 (Electronic)
IS  - 0301-4797 (Linking)
VI  - 233
DP  - 2019 Mar 1
TI  - Modelling the behavior of pesticide residues in tomatoes and their associated 
      long-term exposure risks.
PG  - 523-529
LID - S0301-4797(18)31311-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.045 [doi]
AB  - This study is focused on the dissipation behavior of 7 fungicides and 5 insecticides 
      applied in tomatoes after a third spraying at recommended and double doses by 
      considering 6 kinetic models which allow estimating the pesticides half-lives 
      (t(1/2)). Except studying the pesticides dissipation, another scope of our 
      manuscript was investigating the risk to human health after application of different 
      pesticide treatments in tomatoes. The pesticides analysis in tomatoes at harvest 
      showed that the residues were below the maximum residue level (MRL), with the 
      exception of chlorotalonil (included in Group 2B - "Possibly carcinogenic to 
      humans") and bifenthrin for recommended dose treatments, while for double dose 
      treatments, the MRLs was exceeded for 7 pesticides, once again including 
      chlorotalonil. For recommended dose treatments, the 1st order kinetic model is 
      confirmed only for metalaxyl-M. The values of pesticides t(1/2) ranged from 0.006 
      days (for chlorothalonil) to 48.59 days (for myclobutanil). For double dose 
      treatments, the 1st order kinetic model is confirmed for deltamethrin and 
      triadimenol. In this case, the values of pesticides t(1/2) ranged from 0.32 to 10.67 
      days. Further, consumers' exposure was estimated by calculating the long-term risk 
      based on hazard quotient (HQ). The results indicated that the risks generated by 
      pesticide residues in tomatoes applied in recommended or double doses are in an 
      acceptable limit, except for chlorothalonil which may pose a threat for children 
      health. However, if we consider the cumulative hazard index (HI) values which were 
      higher than 1, consumption of tomatoes containing pesticides residues may cause 
      harmful non-carcinogenic health effects.
CI  - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hlihor, Raluca-Maria
AU  - Hlihor RM
AD  - "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine 
      of Iasi, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Technologies, 3 Aleea 
      Mihail Sadoveanu, 700490 Iasi, Romania; "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of 
      Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental 
      Protection, Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, 73 Prof. Dr. 
      Docent D. Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, Romania. Electronic address: 
      raluca.hlihor@tuiasi.ro.
FAU - Pogăcean, Manuela Olga
AU  - Pogăcean MO
AD  - "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of 
      Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental 
      Engineering and Management, 73 Prof. Dr. Docent D. Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, 
      Romania; Phytosanitary Office Mureş, Regional Laboratory for Quality Control of 
      Pesticides, 8 Dezrobirii Street, Târgu Mureş, Romania.
FAU - Rosca, Mihaela
AU  - Rosca M
AD  - "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of 
      Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental 
      Engineering and Management, 73 Prof. Dr. Docent D. Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, 
      Romania.
FAU - Cozma, Petronela
AU  - Cozma P
AD  - "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of 
      Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental 
      Engineering and Management, 73 Prof. Dr. Docent D. Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, 
      Romania. Electronic address: petronela_cozma@ch.tuiasi.ro.
FAU - Gavrilescu, Maria
AU  - Gavrilescu M
AD  - "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of 
      Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental 
      Engineering and Management, 73 Prof. Dr. Docent D. Mangeron Str., 700050 Iasi, 
      Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, RO-050094 
      Bucharest, Romania.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20181227
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Manage
JT  - Journal of environmental management
JID - 0401664
RN  - 0 (Fungicides, Industrial)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Food Contamination
MH  - *Fungicides, Industrial
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lycopersicon esculentum
MH  - *Pesticide Residues
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chlorothalonil
OT  - Dissipation
OT  - Human health risk assessment
OT  - Kinetic modelling
OT  - Tomatoes
EDAT- 2018/12/30 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/26 06:00
CRDT- 2018/12/30 06:00
PHST- 2017/11/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/11/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/11/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/12/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/12/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0301-4797(18)31311-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.045 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Manage. 2019 Mar 1;233:523-529. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.045. Epub 
      2018 Dec 27.

PMID- 27992317
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170201
LR  - 20170201
IS  - 2162-6537 (Electronic)
IS  - 0731-8898 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 4
DP  - 2016
TI  - Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Pesticides on Children's Health.
PG  - 375-386
AB  - The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of knowledge on 
      pesticide-related fertility problems and disadventeges of childrens due to prenatal 
      pesticides exposure. Available literature was analyzed. Due to the extent of the 
      issue, the study focuses on epidemiological studies conducted in humans, despite 
      evidence from in vitro and animal studies. It seems certain that exposure to harmful 
      chemicals is one of the factors that may cause a decline in fertility and problems 
      with conceiving, whereas exposure during pregnancy can impair foetal development. 
      Prenatal exposure may also result in the occurrence of childhood cancer and 
      neurobehavioral disorders. The meaning of the project is to summarize the role of 
      pesticides in the process of reproduction. This applies especially to people working 
      in agriculture, since they might be occupationally exposed to pesticides.
FAU - Matysiak, Magdalena
AU  - Matysiak M
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Kruszewski, Marcin
AU  - Kruszewski M
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland; Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute 
      of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
FAU - Jodlowska-Jedrych, Barbara
AU  - Jodlowska-Jedrych B
AD  - Department of Histology and Embryology with Experimental Cytology Unit, Medical 
      University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
FAU - Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
AU  - Kapka-Skrzypczak L
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural 
      Health, Lublin, Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol
JT  - Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the 
      International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer
JID - 8501420
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Health
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Mental Disorders/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Neoplasms/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced/*epidemiology
EDAT- 2016/12/20 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/02 06:00
CRDT- 2016/12/20 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - 330e808854c98f7b,43e22c944604ab3b [pii]
AID - 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2016016379 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2016;35(4):375-386. doi: 
      10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2016016379.

PMID- 18662718
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090123
LR  - 20081016
IS  - 0161-813X (Print)
IS  - 0161-813X (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 5
DP  - 2008 Sep
TI  - Effects of occupational pesticide exposure on children applying pesticides.
PG  - 833-8
LID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.06.009 [doi]
AB  - Nearly 40% of the Egyptian workforce is employed in agriculture. The cotton industry 
      relies on children and adolescents, who work seasonally, to apply pesticides to the 
      cotton crops. Although previous research has examined adult pesticide exposures in 
      this workforce in Egypt, no research has examined the health effects in adolescents. 
      This study attempts to systematically replicate findings examining the impact of 
      organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure in adults on Arabic speaking children 
      working as applicators. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of pesticide 
      exposure on children and adolescents spraying cotton fields. Male children currently 
      applying pesticides between the ages of 9 and 15 (Younger, n=30) and 16 and 19 
      (Older, n=20) were recruited for the study. They completed a neurobehavioral test 
      battery; personality inventory; work, health, and exposure questionnaires; and 
      medical and neurological screening exams. Blood samples were collected to measure 
      acetylcholinesterase. Children not working in agriculture, matched on age and 
      education, served as controls. Both Younger and Older applicator groups, performed 
      significantly worse than the controls on the majority of neurobehavioral tests 
      controlling for age and years of education. The applicators reported significantly 
      more neurological symptoms than the controls and had lower acetylcholinesterase 
      activity. A dose-effect relationship demonstrated that increased years of exposure 
      to organophosphate pesticides is associated with cognitive deficits. This is one of 
      the several studies demonstrating that functional cognitive effects are positively 
      correlated with increased years of exposure to OP pesticides, though primarily in 
      adult populations, building confidence in the association. Since children around the 
      world are exposed to OP pesticides, these studies suggest that the need to evaluate 
      this potential problem is urgent.
FAU - Abdel Rasoul, Gaafar M
AU  - Abdel Rasoul GM
AD  - Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, 
      Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt.
FAU - Abou Salem, Mahmoud E
AU  - Abou Salem ME
FAU - Mechael, Atef A
AU  - Mechael AA
FAU - Hendy, Olfat M
AU  - Hendy OM
FAU - Rohlman, Diane S
AU  - Rohlman DS
FAU - Ismail, Ahmed A
AU  - Ismail AA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080709
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Neurotoxicology
JT  - Neurotoxicology
JID - 7905589
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/blood
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Agricultural Workers' Diseases/blood/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Behavior/*drug effects
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development/drug effects
MH  - Egypt
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/etiology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2008/07/30 09:00
MHDA- 2009/01/24 09:00
CRDT- 2008/07/30 09:00
PHST- 2008/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/06/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/06/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/07/30 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/01/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/07/30 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0161-813X(08)00129-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.06.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotoxicology. 2008 Sep;29(5):833-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.06.009. Epub 2008 
      Jul 9.

PMID- 22732215
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130501
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 47
DP  - 2012 Oct 15
TI  - Predictors of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in schoolchildren in the 
      Province of Talca, Chile.
PG  - 28-36
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.002 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Few data exist in Latin America concerning the association between 
      organophosphate (OP) urinary metabolites and the consumption of fruits and 
      vegetables and other exposure risk variables in schoolchildren. METHODS: We 
      collected samples of urine from 190 Chilean children aged 6-12 years, fruits and 
      vegetables, water and soil from schools and homes, and sociodemographic data through 
      a questionnaire. We measured urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) OP metabolites and OP 
      pesticide residues in food consumed by these 190 children during two seasons: 
      December 2010 (summer) and May 2011 (fall). We analyzed the relationship between 
      urinary DAP concentrations and pesticide residues in food, home pesticide use, and 
      residential location. RESULTS: Diethylalkylphosphates (DEAP) and 
      dimethylalkylphosphates (DMAP) were detected in urine in 76% and 27% of the samples, 
      respectively. Factors associated with urinary DEAP included chlorpyrifos in consumed 
      fruits (p<0.0001), urinary creatinine (p<0.0001), rural residence (p=0.02) and age 
      less than 9 years (p=0.004). Factors associated with urinary DMAP included the 
      presence of phosmet residues in fruits (p<0.0001), close proximity to a farm 
      (p=0.002), home fenitrothion use (p=0.009), and season (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Urinary DAP levels in Chilean school children were high compared to previously 
      reported studies. The presence of chlorpyrifos and phosmet residues in fruits was 
      the major factor predicting urinary DAP metabolite concentrations in children.
CI  - Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa
AU  - Muñoz-Quezada MT
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, 
      Talca, Región del Maule, Chile. mtmunoz@ucm.cl
FAU - Iglesias, Verónica
AU  - Iglesias V
FAU - Lucero, Boris
AU  - Lucero B
FAU - Steenland, Kyle
AU  - Steenland K
FAU - Barr, Dana Boyd
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Levy, Karen
AU  - Levy K
FAU - Ryan, P Barry
AU  - Ryan PB
FAU - Alvarado, Sergio
AU  - Alvarado S
FAU - Concha, Carlos
AU  - Concha C
LA  - eng
GR  - D43 TW005746/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43 TW 05746-02/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120623
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Chile
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/analysis/*urine
MH  - Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis/*urine
MH  - Pesticide Residues/analysis/urine
MH  - Pesticides/analysis/*urine
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
PMC - PMC3408779
MID - NIHMS389303
EDAT- 2012/06/27 06:00
MHDA- 2013/05/02 06:00
CRDT- 2012/06/27 06:00
PHST- 2011/12/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/05/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/06/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/06/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/06/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/05/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0160-4120(12)00122-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2012 Oct 15;47:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.002. Epub 2012 Jun 
      23.

PMID- 31607631
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200407
LR  - 20210101
IS  - 1618-131X (Electronic)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Print)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Linking)
VI  - 223
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Residential proximity to greenhouse agriculture and neurobehavioral performance in 
      Ecuadorian children.
PG  - 220-227
LID - S1438-4639(19)30255-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.009 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children living near greenhouse agriculture may have an increased risk 
      of pesticide exposure due to drift or direct contact with pesticide-treated areas. 
      However, little is known about whether this increased potential for chronic exposure 
      may impair their neurodevelopment. METHODS: We examined 307 children aged 4-9 years, 
      living in agricultural communities in Ecuador (ESPINA study). The two exposures 
      calculated were residential distance from the nearest flower plantation perimeter 
      and flower plantation surface area within 100 m of homes. Five neurobehavioral 
      domains were assessed: Attention/Inhibitory Control, Memory/Learning, Visuospatial 
      processing and Sensorimotor (higher values reflect better performance). Low scores 
      were defined according to the test's cut-offs. Models were adjusted for demographic, 
      socio-economic and growth variables. RESULTS: The mean (SD) residential distance to 
      the nearest flower plantation was 446 m (344). Living 100 m closer to crops was 
      associated with increased odds (OR [95% CI]) of low scores in the domains of 
      Memory/Learning (1.24 [1.05, 1.46]) and Language (1.09 [1.00, 1.19]). Associations 
      were strongest among children living within 50 m, having significantly lower scores 
      in Language (-1.28 which is ~50% of a SD [-2.50, -0.06]), Attention/Inhibitory 
      Control (-1.24 units, [-2.45, -0.04]), and Memory/Learning (-0.91, [-1.99, 0.17]), 
      compared to children living farther than 500 m. Analyses of areas of flower crops 
      near homes concurred with these findings. CONCLUSIONS: Close residential proximity 
      to greenhouse floricultural crops was associated with adverse neurobehavioral 
      performance in Attention/Inhibitory Control, Language and Memory/Learning among 
      children. This highlights the importance of reducing pesticide drift from 
      plantations to nearby homes.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Friedman, Elizabeth
AU  - Friedman E
AD  - School of Medicine, Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, 
      University of Washington, United States. Electronic address: efhealth@uw.edu.
FAU - Hazlehurst, Marnie F
AU  - Hazlehurst MF
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 
      United States. Electronic address: marnieh@uw.edu.
FAU - Loftus, Christine
AU  - Loftus C
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Departments 
      of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, United States. Electronic address: cloftus@uw.edu.
FAU - Karr, Catherine
AU  - Karr C
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Departments 
      of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, United States. Electronic address: ckarr@uw.edu.
FAU - McDonald, Kelsey N
AU  - McDonald KN
AD  - Department of Geography, Macalester College, United States. Electronic address: 
      mcdon560@gmail.com.
FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose Ricardo
AU  - Suarez-Lopez JR
AD  - Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San 
      Diego, United States. Electronic address: jrsuarez@ucsd.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES007033/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R36 OH009402/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20191010
TA  - Int J Hyg Environ Health
JT  - International journal of hygiene and environmental health
JID - 100898843
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Attention/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cognition/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Ecuador
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Mental Status and Dementia Tests
MH  - *Pesticides
PMC - PMC6915969
MID - NIHMS1545243
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Drift
OT  - *Neurodevelopment
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Residential proximity
EDAT- 2019/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/09 06:00
CRDT- 2019/10/15 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/08/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/10/15 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1438-4639(19)30255-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2020 Jan;223(1):220-227. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.009. 
      Epub 2019 Oct 10.

PMID- 31200258
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190819
LR  - 20190819
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 685
DP  - 2019 Oct 1
TI  - Health problems from pesticide exposure and personal protective measures among women 
      cotton workers in southern Pakistan.
PG  - 659-666
LID - S0048-9697(19)32205-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.173 [doi]
AB  - Women are the main cotton pickers in Pakistan even from their childhood, but due to 
      unawareness of pesticide risks and poor knowledge of personal protection 
      opportunities, they typically do not use personal protective measures. Albeit a 
      major agricultural topic in Pakistan, relevant research is limited. The present 
      study illustrates health problems from pesticide exposure during cotton harvest and 
      the use of personal protective measures among 260 female cotton-picking workers from 
      Shaheed Benazirabad District of Sindh Province in southern Pakistan. Skin injury, 
      eye injury, headache, stomachache, and fever were the main health problems due to 
      pesticide exposure according to workers' experience. Medical treatment costs of 
      health problems were more than double (2.48 times higher) than preventive measures 
      costs. More than half of the cotton workers surveyed did not use any protective 
      measure during cotton picking, while 22.3% used a muffler/scarf/cloth for covering 
      their face and 10.8% used gloves. Covering face with muffler/scarf/cloth was higher 
      in young (P < 0.05), married (P < 0.05), and high experienced workers (P < 0.05), 
      while no significant trends were found in the use of gloves. The use of protective 
      measures was positively correlated with education and some experience in cotton 
      picking. Binary logit regression showed that advanced age and high picking 
      experience were positively associated with the use of personal protective measures, 
      while illiteracy, traditional treatment, and medical treatment in case of illness 
      were negatively associated with the use of personal protective measures. Findings 
      shed new light on the topic of personal safety among women cotton pickers in 
      Pakistan. Increasing formal education and implementing training programs for 
      personal protective measures are important to reduce health risk and health cost by 
      pesticides among women workers.
CI  - Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Memon, Qurat Ul Ain
AU  - Memon QUA
AD  - College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 
      China; Department of Agricultural Economics, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 
      Sindh, Pakistan.
FAU - Wagan, Shoaib Ahmed
AU  - Wagan SA
AD  - College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 
      China; Department of Agricultural Economics, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 
      Sindh, Pakistan.
FAU - Chunyu, Dong
AU  - Chunyu D
AD  - College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 
      China; School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Shuangxi, Xiao
AU  - Shuangxi X
AD  - College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 
      China.
FAU - Jingdong, Luan
AU  - Jingdong L
AD  - College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 
      China. Electronic address: luanjingdong@ahau.edu.cn.
FAU - Damalas, Christos A
AU  - Damalas CA
AD  - Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, 
      Greece. Electronic address: cdamalas@agro.duth.gr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190515
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Air Pollutants, Occupational/*analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Occupational Exposure/prevention & control/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cotton pickers
OT  - Farm workers
OT  - Health effects
OT  - Pakistan
OT  - Personal protection
EDAT- 2019/06/15 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/20 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/15 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/05/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/06/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/15 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(19)32205-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.173 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct 1;685:659-666. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.173. 
      Epub 2019 May 15.

PMID- 29662130
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200505
LR  - 20210109
IS  - 1559-064X (Electronic)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Print)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 3
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Application of improved approach to evaluate a community intervention to reduce 
      exposure of young children living in farmworker households to organophosphate 
      pesticides.
PG  - 358-365
LID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0028-y [doi]
AB  - The take-home pathway is a significant source of organophosphate pesticide exposure 
      for young children (3-5 years old) living with an adult farmworker. This avoidable 
      exposure pathway is an important target for intervention. We selected 24 
      agricultural communities in the Yakima Valley of Washington State and randomly 
      assigned them to receive an educational intervention (n = 12) to reduce children's 
      pesticide exposure or usual care (n = 12). We assessed exposure to pesticides in 
      nearly 200 adults and children during the pre and post-intervention periods by 
      measuring metabolites in urine. We compared pre- and post-intervention exposures by 
      expressing the child's pesticide metabolite concentration as a fraction of the 
      adult's concentration living in the same household, because the amount of pesticides 
      applied during the collection periods varied. Exposures in our community were 
      consistently higher, sometimes above the 95(th) percentile of the exposures reported 
      by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). While intervention 
      and control communities demonstrated a reduction in the ratio of child to adult 
      exposure, this reduction was more pronounced in intervention communities (2.7-fold, 
      p < 0.001 compared to 1.7-fold, p = 0.052 for intervention and control, 
      respectively). By examining the child/adult biomarker ratio, we demonstrated that 
      our community-based intervention was effective in reducing pesticide exposure to 
      children in agricultural communities.
FAU - Griffith, William C
AU  - Griffith WC
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis & Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Vigoren, Eric M
AU  - Vigoren EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis & Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Smith, Marissa N
AU  - Smith MN
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis & Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Workman, Tomomi
AU  - Workman T
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis & Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      WA, USA.
FAU - Thompson, Beti
AU  - Thompson B
AD  - Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
FAU - Coronado, Gloria D
AU  - Coronado GD
AD  - Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA.
FAU - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Faustman EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. faustman@uw.edu.
AD  - Institute for Risk Analysis & Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, 
      WA, USA. faustman@uw.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20180417
TA  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
JID - 101262796
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - *Family Characteristics
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Washington
PMC - PMC6192874
MID - NIHMS940850
COIS- The authors have no competing financial interests to declare.
EDAT- 2018/04/18 06:00
MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/18 06:00
PHST- 2017/06/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/08/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/08/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/04/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/18 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0028-y [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41370-018-0028-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2019 Apr;29(3):358-365. doi: 
      10.1038/s41370-018-0028-y. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

PMID- 23291477
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130916
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 444
DP  - 2013 Feb 1
TI  - Health risk assessment of exposure to chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos in children at 
      childcare facilities.
PG  - 441-50
LID - S0048-9697(12)01535-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.102 [doi]
AB  - The present study evaluated 168 childcare facilities from 6 cities in South Korea to 
      assess exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in children through 4 major 
      pathways (indoor air, indoor dust, surface wipe of indoor objects, and hand wash 
      water of children). The Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) was calculated based on the Cancer 
      Potency Factor (CPF) and Age Dependent Adjustment Factor (ADAF) in adults. 
      Dichlorvos residues were detected in the indoor air, indoor dust, surface wipes of 
      indoor objects, and the hand wash water of children at frequencies of 47.4, 90, 100, 
      and 100%, respectively. After revision based on the ADAF, total cancer risk in the 
      50th percentile was 3.99×10(-3) for inhalation, oral intake, and dermal contact in 
      children ages 3 to 4 and 4.63×10(-4) in kindergarteners ages 5 to 6. Inhalation was 
      the primary pathway of pesticide exposure in children in childcare facilities. 
      Children ages 3 to 4 in daycare centers had a Hazard Quotient (HQ) of 0.5 for 
      dichlorvos, which was 50% lower than the risk criterion level of 1 but was higher 
      than the 95% percentile with a HQ of 1.9. This study postulates that children in 
      childcare facilities may be exposed to specific OPs.
CI  - Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kim, Ho-Hyun
AU  - Kim HH
AD  - Institute for Environmental Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 
      Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lim, Young-Wook
AU  - Lim YW
FAU - Yang, Ji-Yeon
AU  - Yang JY
FAU - Shin, Dong-Chun
AU  - Shin DC
FAU - Ham, Hyun-Sook
AU  - Ham HS
FAU - Choi, Byung-Soon
AU  - Choi BS
FAU - Lee, Jae-Young
AU  - Lee JY
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130103
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 7U370BPS14 (Dichlorvos)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Day Care Centers
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/*toxicity
MH  - Dichlorvos/*toxicity
MH  - Dust
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Hand Disinfection
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhalation Exposure
MH  - Neoplasms/etiology
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Republic of Korea
MH  - Risk Assessment
EDAT- 2013/01/08 06:00
MHDA- 2013/09/17 06:00
CRDT- 2013/01/08 06:00
PHST- 2012/05/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/11/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/11/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/01/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/01/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/09/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(12)01535-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.102 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2013 Feb 1;444:441-50. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.102. Epub 
      2013 Jan 3.

PMID- 21739279
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120706
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1573-2959 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6369 (Linking)
VI  - 184
IP  - 5
DP  - 2012 May
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide environmental exposure: analysis of salivary 
      cholinesterase and carboxilesterase activities in preschool children and their 
      mothers.
PG  - 3307-14
LID - 10.1007/s10661-011-2190-8 [doi]
AB  - A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of salivary cholinesterase 
      and carboxylesterase as biomarkers of exposure to environmental organophosphate 
      pesticides. Ninety samples were obtained from women and 62 samples from their 
      preschool-aged children who live near an agricultural area of the Upper Valley of 
      the Negro River (Patagonia, Argentina) where pesticides are applied 6 months a year. 
      Each participant donated two samples under similar conditions: one in the 
      pre-exposure period and another during the pulverization period. Demographic 
      information, potential confounders, and risk behaviors were registered. Active or 
      passive smoking had no effect on these enzyme activities in either group. During the 
      pulverization period, cholinesterase activity was not detectable in 76% of the 
      children's samples and 23% of the mothers' samples. Comparing samples collected 
      during the pulverization period with respect to the pre-pulverization period, the 
      average mother and child cholinesterase activity decreased by 65.7% (p < 0.001) and 
      85.8% (p < 0.001), respectively. Also, mother and child carboxylesterase activity 
      decreased by 27.5% (p < 0.001) and 41.9% (p < 0.01), respectively. Child 
      carboxylesterase activity in the pulverization period was associated to the habit of 
      eating dust outdoors (p < 0.01). The most frequent inhibition levels observed for 
      cholinesterase and carboxylesterase activity were between 70-100% and 0-29%, 
      respectively, in both groups studied. This shows that at the same level of exposure, 
      cholinesterase was more sensitive to inhibition than carboxylesterase. Therefore, 
      carboxylesterase might more properly reflect the degree of environmental 
      organophosphate exposure and may have potential as a novel tool for biomonitoring.
FAU - Bulgaroni, Vanina
AU  - Bulgaroni V
AD  - LIBIQUIMA (Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Environmental Research)-IDEPA 
      (CONICET), National University of Comahue (UNCo), Buenos Aires, 1400 (8300), 
      Neuquén, Argentina.
FAU - Rovedatti, María Gabriela
AU  - Rovedatti MG
FAU - Sabino, Guillermo
AU  - Sabino G
FAU - Magnarelli, Gladis
AU  - Magnarelli G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110708
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Monit Assess
JT  - Environmental monitoring and assessment
JID - 8508350
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.1 (Carboxylesterase)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.8 (Cholinesterases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Argentina
MH  - Carboxylesterase/*metabolism
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cholinesterases/*metabolism
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*metabolism/toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*metabolism/toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism/toxicity
MH  - Saliva/*metabolism
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2011/07/09 06:00
MHDA- 2012/07/07 06:00
CRDT- 2011/07/09 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/07/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/07/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/07/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-011-2190-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Monit Assess. 2012 May;184(5):3307-14. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-2190-8. Epub 
      2011 Jul 8.

PMID- 24022102
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140417
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide exposure and child health in China.
PG  - 759-61
AB  - Currently, organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are widely used for agriculture in China 
      and around the world. A few epidemiological studies have examined the association 
      between exposure to OPs and children’s health, but these studies reported 
      inconsistent results. In view of the limitations of testing techniques and the 
      intrinsic incompleteness of scientific evidence from current studies, we have 
      considered some issues which may be interpreted and handled with caution.
FAU - Ding, Guodong
AU  - Ding G
FAU - Tian, Ying
AU  - Tian Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Welfare
MH  - China
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis/metabolism
EDAT- 2013/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/18 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/12 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-013-2117-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Jan;21(1):759-61. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-2117-8.

PMID- 18032335
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080103
LR  - 20071122
IS  - 1059-924X (Print)
IS  - 1059-924X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007
TI  - Carcinogenicity of agricultural pesticides in adults and children.
PG  - 39-56
AB  - The role of specific agricultural pesticides in relation to adult and childhood 
      cancers has not been firmly established due to the lack of precise exposure data in 
      previous studies. Improvements in exposure assessment, disease classification, and 
      application of molecular techniques in recent epidemiological evaluations is rapidly 
      improving our ability to evaluate the human carcinogenicity of agricultural 
      pesticides. The role of pesticide exposures in the etiology of human cancer is 
      outlined by anatomical site and recent development in exposure assessment and 
      molecular epidemiology are summarized and evaluated.
FAU - Alavanja, Michael C R
AU  - Alavanja MC
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, 
      MD 20892, USA. alavanjm@mail.nih.gov
FAU - Ward, Mary H
AU  - Ward MH
FAU - Reynolds, Peggy
AU  - Reynolds P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Agromedicine
JT  - Journal of agromedicine
JID - 9421530
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agricultural Workers' Diseases/*chemically induced
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neoplasms/*chemically induced
MH  - Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
RF  - 192
EDAT- 2007/11/23 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/04 09:00
CRDT- 2007/11/23 09:00
PHST- 2007/11/23 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/11/23 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1300/J096v12n01_05 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agromedicine. 2007;12(1):39-56. doi: 10.1300/J096v12n01_05.

PMID- 25407029
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150914
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jan 6
TI  - Pesticide residue transfer in Thai farmer families: using structural equation 
      modeling to determine exposure pathways.
PG  - 562-9
LID - 10.1021/es503875t [doi]
AB  - Use of pesticides in agriculture may lead to downstream exposure of farmers' 
      families to pesticide residues inadvertently taken home. Identification of the 
      independent contribution of different exposure pathways from the farmer to their 
      children can provide clear targets to reduce exposure of farmers' children. 
      Individual contributions of different pesticide transfer exposure pathways were 
      investigated using structural equation modeling methods, and the benefits of these 
      methods compared to standard multiple regression are described. A total of 72 Thai 
      families, consisting of a farmer, a spouse, and a child, participated in this study. 
      Family members completed a questionnaire and self-collected three spot morning urine 
      samples in the spraying season. Urine samples were analyzed for diethyl phosphate, 
      diethyl thiophosphate, diethyl dithiophosphate, dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl 
      thiophosphate, and dimethyl dithiophosphate. A path model was developed based on an 
      a priori hypothesized framework to examine the individual contributions of different 
      exposure pathways that may directly or indirectly affect transfer of pesticide 
      residues from farmers to their children. Transfer from the farmer to the child 
      occurs indirectly, primarily through transfer to the spouse in the first instance, 
      but also through contamination of the home environment. Clear targets for 
      interventions are directly the reduction of farmers' take-home exposures and 
      indirectly frequent cleaning of the home to avoid buildup of pesticide residues.
FAU - Liu, Hanhua
AU  - Liu H
AD  - Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Manchester , 
      Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
FAU - Hanchenlaksh, Chalalai
AU  - Hanchenlaksh C
FAU - Povey, Andrew C
AU  - Povey AC
FAU - de Vocht, Frank
AU  - de Vocht F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141212
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Family
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Models, Theoretical
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Thailand
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2014/11/20 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/15 06:00
CRDT- 2014/11/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es503875t [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Jan 6;49(1):562-9. doi: 10.1021/es503875t. Epub 2014 Dec 
      12.

PMID- 15811843
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20050617
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 113
IP  - 4
DP  - 2005 Apr
TI  - Variation in organophosphate pesticide metabolites in urine of children living in 
      agricultural communities.
PG  - 504-8
AB  - Children of migrant farmworkers are at increased risk of exposure to organophosphate 
      pesticides because of "carry-home" transport processes and residential location. 
      Although this at-risk status is generally recognized, few available reports describe 
      the extent of this exposure among agricultural communities. We quantified dialkyl 
      phosphate (DAP) levels in serial samples of urine from 176 children, 2-6 years of 
      age, in three Oregon communities hosting differing agricultural industries: pears, 
      cherries, and fruit berries. Up to three spot samples of urine were collected from 
      children at the beginning, mid-point, and end of their parents' work seasons. The 
      median levels of dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), the most commonly detected 
      metabolite, was significantly higher in urine samples from children in each of the 
      three agricultural communities (17.5, 19.0, and 41.0 ng/mL) relative to a reference 
      group of children who lived in an urban community and whose parents did not work in 
      agriculture (6.5 ng/mL; Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.001). After controlling for age, sex, 
      and weight, the median level of DMTP in children in the pear community was 1.92 
      times higher than the level in children of the berry community [95% confidence 
      interval (CI), 1.14-3.23] and 1.75 times higher than the level in children of the 
      cherry community (95% CI, 0.95-3.23). We observed increasing levels of DMTP across 
      the work season only within the berry community. Levels decreased in the cherry 
      community and remained constant in the pear community. Substantial temporal 
      variation within the children followed demonstrates the need for multiple urine 
      samples to most accurately characterize longer term and/or cumulative exposure. The 
      observed variability in urinary DAP levels, between communities and over time, could 
      be attributed to the types and amounts of organophosphate pesticides used, the 
      timing of applications and degradation of residues in the environment, work 
      operations and hygiene practices, the proximity of housing to orchards and fields, 
      or the movement of these working families. Additional studies of variation in 
      pesticide exposure across agricultural regions are needed.
FAU - Lambert, William E
AU  - Lambert WE
AD  - Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health and 
      Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
FAU - Lasarev, Michael
AU  - Lasarev M
FAU - Muniz, Juan
AU  - Muniz J
FAU - Scherer, Jennifer
AU  - Scherer J
FAU - Rothlein, Joan
AU  - Rothlein J
FAU - Santana, Juanita
AU  - Santana J
FAU - McCauley, Linda
AU  - McCauley L
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Fruit
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Oregon
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/metabolism/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/metabolism
MH  - Prunus
MH  - Pyrus
MH  - Rural Health
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC1278494
EDAT- 2005/04/07 09:00
MHDA- 2005/06/18 09:00
CRDT- 2005/04/07 09:00
PHST- 2005/04/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2005/06/18 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/04/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ehp0113-000504 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.6890 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Apr;113(4):504-8. doi: 10.1289/ehp.6890.

PMID- 17687456
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071002
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 115
IP  - 8
DP  - 2007 Aug
TI  - Pesticide urinary metabolite levels of children in eastern North Carolina farmworker 
      households.
PG  - 1254-60
AB  - BACKGROUND: In this investigation we documented the pesticide urinary metabolite 
      levels of farmworker children in North Carolina, determined the number of different 
      metabolites detected for each child, and delineated risk factors associated with the 
      number of metabolites. METHODS: Urine samples were collected from 60 Latino 
      farmworker children 1-6 years of age (34 female, 26 male). Interviews were completed 
      by their mothers in Spanish. We analyzed urine samples for 14 pesticide metabolites, 
      including the organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos, coumaphos, diazinon, 
      isazaphos, malathion, pirimiphos, and parathion and its methyl counterpart; a common 
      metabolite of at least 18 pyrethroid insecticides; the repellent DEET; and the 
      herbicides 2,4,5-trichlorphenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 
      acetochlor, atrazine, and metolachlor. Predictors included measures of 
      paraoccupational, residential, and environmental exposure, child characteristics, 
      and mother characteristics. RESULTS: Thirteen metabolites were present in the urine 
      samples. Organophosphate pesticide metabolites were detected in a substantial 
      proportion of children, particularly metabolites of parathion/methyl parathion 
      (90.0%; geometric mean 1.00 microg/L), chlorpyrifos/chlorpyrifos methyl (83.3%; 
      geometric mean 1.92 microg/L), and diazinon (55.0%; geometric mean 10.56 microg/L). 
      The number of metabolites detected ranged from 0 to 7, with a mode of 4 detected 
      (28.3%). Boys, children living in rented housing, and children with mothers working 
      part-time had more metabolites detected. CONCLUSIONS: Children in farmworker homes 
      experience multiple sources of pesticide exposure. Pesticides may remain in their 
      environments for long periods. Environmental and occupational health changes are 
      needed to address these exposures. Research is needed with more precise measures of 
      exposure and on the health effects of concurrent exposure to multiple pesticides.
FAU - Arcury, Thomas A
AU  - Arcury TA
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest University School of 
      Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1084, USA. tarcury@wfubmc.edu
FAU - Grzywacz, Joseph G
AU  - Grzywacz JG
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Tapia, Janeth
AU  - Tapia J
FAU - Chen, Haiying
AU  - Chen H
FAU - Quandt, Sara A
AU  - Quandt SA
LA  - eng
GR  - R25 OH007611/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
GR  - R25 OH07611/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Insect Repellents)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/urine
MH  - Female
MH  - Herbicides/*urine
MH  - Housing
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Insect Repellents/urine
MH  - Insecticides/*urine
MH  - Male
MH  - North Carolina
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/urine
PMC - PMC1940070
EDAT- 2007/08/10 09:00
MHDA- 2007/10/03 09:00
CRDT- 2007/08/10 09:00
PHST- 2006/12/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/08/10 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/10/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/08/10 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ehp0115-001254 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.9975 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Aug;115(8):1254-60. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9975.

PMID- 17435439
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070516
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1044-3983 (Print)
IS  - 1044-3983 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 May
TI  - Neurobehavioral development in children with potential exposure to pesticides.
PG  - 312-20
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children may be at higher risk than adults from pesticide exposure, due 
      to their rapidly developing physiology, unique behavioral patterns, and interactions 
      with the physical environment. This preliminary study conducted in Ecuador examines 
      the association between household and environmental risk factors for pesticide 
      exposure and neurobehavioral development. METHODS: We collected data over 6 months 
      in the rural highland region of Cayambe, Ecuador (2003-2004). Children age 24-61 
      months residing in 3 communities were assessed with the Ages and Stages 
      Questionnaire and the Visual Motor Integration Test. We gathered information on 
      maternal health and work characteristics, the home and community environment, and 
      child characteristics. Growth measurements and a hemoglobin finger-prick blood test 
      were obtained. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Current 
      maternal employment in the flower industry was associated with better developmental 
      scores. Longer hours playing outdoors were associated with lower gross and fine 
      motor and problem solving skills. Children who played with irrigation water scored 
      lower on fine motor skills (8% decrease; 95% confidence interval = -9.31 to -0.53), 
      problem-solving skills (7% decrease; -8.40 to -0.39), and Visual Motor Integration 
      test scores (3% decrease; -12.00 to 1.08). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that 
      certain environmental risk factors for exposure to pesticides may affect child 
      development, with contact with irrigation water of particular concern. However, the 
      relationships between these risk factors and social characteristics are complex, as 
      corporate agriculture may increase risk through pesticide exposure and environmental 
      contamination, while indirectly promoting healthy development by providing health 
      care, relatively higher salaries, and daycare options.
FAU - Handal, Alexis J
AU  - Handal AJ
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann 
      Arbor, MI, USA. handalal@mail.nih.gov
FAU - Lozoff, Betsy
AU  - Lozoff B
FAU - Breilh, Jaime
AU  - Breilh J
FAU - Harlow, Siobán D
AU  - Harlow SD
LA  - eng
GR  - D43-TW01276/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R25 GM58641-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Epidemiology
JT  - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
JID - 9009644
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Ecuador/epidemiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Flowers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Skills/drug effects
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Problem Solving/drug effects
MH  - Residence Characteristics
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - Water
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*adverse effects
EDAT- 2007/04/17 09:00
MHDA- 2007/05/17 09:00
CRDT- 2007/04/17 09:00
PHST- 2007/04/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/05/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/04/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00001648-200705000-00006 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/01.ede.0000259983.55716.bb [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Epidemiology. 2007 May;18(3):312-20. doi: 10.1097/01.ede.0000259983.55716.bb.

PMID- 28188819
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180321
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1872-9711 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-813X (Print)
IS  - 0161-813X (Linking)
VI  - 60
DP  - 2017 May
TI  - Potential short-term neurobehavioral alterations in children associated with a peak 
      pesticide spray season: The Mother's Day flower harvest in Ecuador.
PG  - 125-133
LID - S0161-813X(17)30022-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.002 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposures to cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides (e.g. organophosphates) 
      have been associated with children's neurobehavioral alterations, including 
      attention deficit and impulsivity. Animal studies have observed transient 
      alterations in neurobehavioral performance in relation to cholinesterase inhibitor 
      pesticide exposures; however, limited evidence exists regarding transient effects in 
      humans. METHODS: We estimated the associations between neurobehavioral performance 
      and time after Mother's Day flower harvest (the end of a heightened pesticide usage 
      period) among 308 4-to 9-year-old children living in floricultural communities in 
      Ecuador in 2008 who participated in the ESPINA study. Children's neurobehavior was 
      examined once (NEPSY-II: 11 subtests covering 5 domains), between 63 and 100days 
      (SD: 10.8days) after Mother's Day harvest (blood acetylcholinesterase activity 
      levels can take 82days to normalize after irreversible inhibition with 
      organophosphates). RESULTS: The mean (SD) neurobehavioral scaled scores across 
      domains ranged from 6.6 (2.4) to 9.9 (3.3); higher values reflect greater 
      performance. Children examined sooner after Mother's Day had lower neurobehavioral 
      scores than children examined later, in the domains of (score difference per 
      10.8days, 95%CI): Attention/Inhibitory Control (0.38, 0.10-0.65), Visuospatial 
      Processing (0.60, 0.25-0.95) and Sensorimotor (0.43, 0.10-0.77). Scores were higher 
      with longer time post-harvest among girls (vs. boys) in Attention/Inhibitory 
      Control. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, although cross-sectional, are among the first in 
      non-worker children to suggest that a peak pesticide use period may transiently 
      affect neurobehavioral performance, as children examined sooner after the flower 
      harvest had lower neurobehavioral performance than children examined later. Studies 
      assessing pre- and post-exposure measures are needed.
CI  - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose R
AU  - Suarez-Lopez JR
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA 
      92024-0725, USA; Fundacion Cimas del Ecuador, De los Olivos E14-226 y las Minas, 
      Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador. Electronic address: jrsuarez@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Checkoway, Harvey
AU  - Checkoway H
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA 
      92024-0725, USA. Electronic address: hcheckoway@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Jacobs, David R Jr
AU  - Jacobs DR Jr
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 
      2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Electronic address: 
      jacob004@umn.edu.
FAU - Al-Delaimy, Wael K
AU  - Al-Delaimy WK
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA 
      92024-0725, USA.
FAU - Gahagan, Sheila
AU  - Gahagan S
AD  - Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development and Community Health, 
      Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0832, La 
      Jolla, CA 92024-0832, USA. Electronic address: sgahagan@ucsd.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20170207
TA  - Neurotoxicology
JT  - Neurotoxicology
JID - 7905589
RN  - 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/blood
MH  - Attention/drug effects
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cholinesterase Inhibitors/*adverse effects
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Developmental Disabilities/*chemically induced/diagnosis
MH  - Ecuador
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Executive Function/drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhibition, Psychological
MH  - Learning/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Memory/drug effects
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Organophosphate Poisoning/*psychology
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Psychomotor Performance/drug effects
MH  - Seasons
PMC - PMC5447476
MID - NIHMS853725
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acute
OT  - Children
OT  - Cholinesterase
OT  - Neurobehavior
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Transient
EDAT- 2017/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2018/03/22 06:00
CRDT- 2017/02/12 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/02/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/02/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/03/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/02/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0161-813X(17)30022-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotoxicology. 2017 May;60:125-133. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 
      Feb 7.

PMID- 11427394
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010802
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 109 Suppl 3
IP  - Suppl 3
DP  - 2001 Jun
TI  - Identifying constituents to participate in a project to control pesticide exposure 
      in children of farmworkers.
PG  - 443-8
AB  - Farmers in Washington State use pesticides to control harmful pests that might 
      interfere with the quality of their products. Farmworkers, who are primarily 
      responsible for thinning, harvesting, and other agricultural work, are often exposed 
      to these pesticides and take home pesticide residues on their clothing, shoes, and 
      skin, potentially exposing children in the household to pesticides. We designed a 
      project to reduce children's exposure by using a community organization model. To 
      better understand the community views regarding pesticide exposure, we conducted a 
      qualitative community analysis. Two methods of data gathering were used to collect 
      information. Individual interviews were conducted with some respondents, and small 
      group discussions were held with others. Analysis indicated wide disparity among 
      involved groups in their views on pesticides; however, a number of themes common to 
      the majority of the constituents were identified and discussed with a community 
      planning group. Because of the contention around pesticides, the group recommended 
      every constituent participate in decision making. The group noted it was important 
      to emphasize that the research project could provide scientific information on 
      pesticide exposure to everyone in the Lower Yakima Valley. Our study demonstrates 
      both the widely varying views of different constituents around the issue of 
      pesticide exposure and common themes that can form the basis for collaboration and 
      consensus on approaching the issue.
FAU - Thompson, B
AU  - Thompson B
AD  - Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 
      Fairview Ave., Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. bthompso@fhcrc.org
FAU - Coronado, G
AU  - Coronado G
FAU - Puschel, K
AU  - Puschel K
FAU - Allen, E
AU  - Allen E
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES09601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R13-ES10197/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Community-Institutional Relations
MH  - *Decision Making
MH  - *Emigration and Immigration
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Policy Making
MH  - *Public Policy
MH  - Rural Population
PMC - PMC1240563
EDAT- 2001/06/28 10:00
MHDA- 2001/08/03 10:01
CRDT- 2001/06/28 10:00
PHST- 2001/06/28 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/08/03 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/06/28 10:00 [entrez]
AID - sc271_5_1835 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.01109s3443 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Jun;109 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):443-8. doi: 
      10.1289/ehp.01109s3443.

PMID- 26706757
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161019
LR  - 20161230
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 544
DP  - 2016 Feb 15
TI  - Pesticide detection in air samples from contrasted houses and in their inhabitants' 
      hair.
PG  - 845-52
LID - S0048-9697(15)31175-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.020 [doi]
AB  - In order to identify associations between indoor air contamination and human 
      exposure to pesticides, hair samples from 14 persons (9 adults and 5 children below 
      12 years) were collected simultaneously with the air of their 5 contrasted houses. 
      Three houses were situated in Alsace (France), one in Lorraine (France) and one in 
      Luxembourg (Luxembourg). Houses were located in urban (n=3), semi-urban (n=1) and 
      rural areas (n=1). Twenty five (25) pesticides were detected at least once in indoor 
      air samples and 20 pesticides were detected at least once in hair samples. The 
      comparison between hair and air samples for the same sampling periods shows that 
      pesticides detected in the two matrices were not necessarily associated. Exposure 
      profiles varied from one home to another but also between inhabitants of the same 
      home, suggesting that exposure can be different between inhabitants of the same 
      home. This study demonstrated the usefulness and the complementarity of hair 
      analysis, for the personalized biomonitoring of people exposure to pesticides, and 
      air analysis, for the identification of airborne exposure and house contamination.
CI  - Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Raeppel, Caroline
AU  - Raeppel C
AD  - Groupe de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère, Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour 
      l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg), 
      Strasbourg, France; Laboratory of Analytical Human Biomonitoring, CRP-Santé, 
      Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
FAU - Salquèbre, Guillaume
AU  - Salquèbre G
AD  - Laboratory of Analytical Human Biomonitoring, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
FAU - Millet, Maurice
AU  - Millet M
AD  - Groupe de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère, Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour 
      l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg), 
      Strasbourg, France. Electronic address: mmillet@unistra.fr.
FAU - Appenzeller, Brice M R
AU  - Appenzeller BM
AD  - Laboratory of Analytical Human Biomonitoring, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151217
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - France
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Housing/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Luxembourg
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Air analysis
OT  - Exposure
OT  - Hair analysis
OT  - Indoor environment
OT  - Pesticide
EDAT- 2015/12/27 06:00
MHDA- 2016/11/12 06:00
CRDT- 2015/12/27 06:00
PHST- 2015/09/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/12/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/12/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/12/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/11/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(15)31175-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2016 Feb 15;544:845-52. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.020. 
      Epub 2015 Dec 17.

PMID- 32460093
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201120
LR  - 20201123
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 187
DP  - 2020 Aug
TI  - Pesticides used in Europe and autism spectrum disorder risk: can novel exposure 
      hypotheses be formulated beyond organophosphates, organochlorines, pyrethroids and 
      carbamates? - A systematic review.
PG  - 109646
LID - S0013-9351(20)30539-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109646 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidences suggests an association between early 
      exposure to organophosphates (OPs), organochlorines (OCs), pyrethroids or carbamates 
      and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there are limited data about the other 
      pesticide groups, especially in Europe. OBJECTIVES: Based on a systematic review, we 
      aimed to assess the influence of neuro- and thyrotoxic agricultural and domestic 
      pesticides (other than OPs, OCs, pyrethroids and carbamates) authorized in Europe on 
      risk of ASD in children or ASD behavioral phenotypes in rodents. METHODS: Pesticides 
      were initially identified in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank. 20 currently used 
      (10 pesticide groups) were retained based on the higher exposure potential. 
      Epidemiological (children) and in vivo (rodents) studies were identified through 
      PubMed, Web of Science and TOXLINE, without restriction of publication date or 
      country (last update: November 2019). The risk of bias and level of evidence were 
      also assessed. This systematic review is registered at the International Prospective 
      Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number CRD42019145384). 
      RESULTS: In total, two epidemiological and 15 in vivo studies were retained, 
      focusing on the azole, neonicotinoid, phenylpyrazole and phosphonoglycine pesticide 
      groups. No study was conducted in Europe. Glyphosate, imidacloprid, clothianidin, 
      myclobutanil, acetamiprid, tebuconazole, thiabendazole and fipronil, globally 
      reported an association with an increased risk of ASD in children and/or ASD 
      behavioral phenotypes in rodents. In children, glyphosate and myclobutanil showed a 
      "moderate level of evidence" in their association with ASD, whereas imidacloprid 
      showed an "inadequate level of evidence". In rodents, clothianidin, imidacloprid and 
      glyphosate showed a "high level of evidence" in their association with altered 
      behavioral, learning and memory skills. CONCLUSION: In the framework of 
      environmental risk factors of ASD, novel hypotheses can be formulated about early 
      exposure to eight pesticides. Glyphosate presented the most salient level of 
      evidence. Given their neuro- and thyrotoxic properties, additional studies are 
      needed for the 12 other pesticides not yet studied as potential ASD risk factors 
      according to our inclusion criteria.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ongono, Jeanne Sandrine
AU  - Ongono JS
AD  - Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, DevPsy, 94807, Villejuif, France; 
      Department of Psychiatry and Autism Resources Center, University Research and 
      Hospital Center (CHU) of Montpellier, 34000, France. Electronic address: 
      jeanne.ongono@inserm.fr.
FAU - Béranger, Remi
AU  - Béranger R
AD  - Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, 
      Environnement et Travail), UMR S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France. Electronic address: 
      remi.beranger@univ-rennes1.fr.
FAU - Baghdadli, Amaria
AU  - Baghdadli A
AD  - Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, DevPsy, 94807, Villejuif, France; 
      Department of Psychiatry and Autism Resources Center, University Research and 
      Hospital Center (CHU) of Montpellier, 34000, France; School of Medicine, Univ. 
      Montpellier, France. Electronic address: a-baghdadli@chu-montpellier.fr.
FAU - Mortamais, Marion
AU  - Mortamais M
AD  - INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, 
      Montpellier, France. Electronic address: marion.mortamais@inserm.fr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20200512
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Carbamates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology
MH  - Carbamates/toxicity
MH  - Child
MH  - Europe/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organophosphates/toxicity
MH  - *Pesticides/toxicity
MH  - *Pyrethrins/toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Autism spectrum disorder
OT  - *Environmental exposure
OT  - *Europe
OT  - *Neurobehavior
OT  - *Pesticides
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare they have no actual or 
      potential competing financial or personal interests.
EDAT- 2020/05/28 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/28 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/28 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(20)30539-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109646 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2020 Aug;187:109646. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109646. Epub 2020 May 
      12.

PMID- 31288198
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200415
LR  - 20210313
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 176
DP  - 2019 Sep
TI  - An educational intervention on the risk perception of pesticides exposure and 
      organophosphate metabolites urinary concentrations in rural school children in Maule 
      Region, Chile.
PG  - 108554
LID - S0013-9351(19)30351-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108554 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides can be hazardous to human health if not 
      applied with appropriate precautions. There is evidence in the Maule region of Chile 
      that rural schoolchildren are exposed to OP pesticides. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 
      effectiveness of an educational intervention on OP exposure and understanding of 
      pesticides and their hazards (risk perception) in two school communities in the 
      Maule Region of Chile during 2016. METHOD: We conducted a quasi-experimental study 
      about the effects on OP pesticide exposure of a community outreach and education 
      program (COEP) administered in four 2-h sessions that's included hands-on activities 
      among 48 schoolchildren from two rural schools. The intervention was directed to 
      groups of parents and school-children separately, and aimed to educate them about 
      the risks of exposure to pesticides and their effects on health. We measured 
      3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMPY), 
      malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA), p-nitrophenol (PNP), specific urinary metabolites 
      of the OP pesticides chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and parathion, respectively, 
      as well as the non-specific diethylakylphosphates (DEAPs) and 
      dimethylalkylphosphates (DMAPs) in 192 urine samples of schoolchildren collected 
      before and after the intervention. The risk perception of school children and their 
      parents was also assessed through a questionnaire before and after the intervention. 
      Generalized Estimated Equations were used to account for each child's repeated 
      measures during four sessions, two in September 2016 (pre-intervention) and two in 
      November 2016 (post-intervention). RESULTS: The intervention level had significant 
      effect on the risk perception of adults and children, which increased after the 
      intervention. However, the intervention was not associated with reduced of urinary 
      metabolites levels, with no significant differences between the pre and post 
      measures. The detection frequencies were 1.1% (MDA), 71.4% (TCPy), 43.3% (IMPY), 
      98.96% (PNP), and 100% (DEAPs and DMAPs). Higher DEAPs urine concentrations were 
      associated with eating more fruit at school (p = 0.03), a younger age (p = 0.03), 
      and being male (p = 0.01). DMAPs showed no associations with potential predictor 
      variables (e.g. OPs applied at home, fruit consumption at school, among others). 
      Higher TCPy was associated with attending a school closer to farms (p = 0.04) and 
      living in a home closer to farm fields (p = 0.01); higher PNP was marginally 
      associated with children younger age (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Environmental exposure 
      to OP pesticides was unchanged even after behavior changes. It is possible that a 
      longer time period is needed to observe changes in both behavior and urinary 
      metabolites. The levels of DEP and DMP metabolites found here are above the 
      reference population of the US, and our findings indicate exposure to a wide variety 
      of OP pesticides. Given that individual-level interventions were not associated with 
      lower exposures, efforts to reduce exposure must occur upstream and require stricter 
      regulation and control of pesticide use by government agencies.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa
AU  - Muñoz-Quezada MT
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile. Electronic address: 
      mtmunoz@ucm.cl.
FAU - Lucero, Boris
AU  - Lucero B
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
FAU - Steenland, Kyle
AU  - Steenland K
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Zúñiga, Liliana
AU  - Zúñiga L
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
FAU - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Calafat AM
AD  - Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers 
      for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Ospina, María
AU  - Ospina M
AD  - Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers 
      for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Iglesias, Verónica
AU  - Iglesias V
AD  - School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Muñoz, María Pía
AU  - Muñoz MP
AD  - School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Buralli, Rafael J
AU  - Buralli RJ
AD  - Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São 
      Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Fredes, Claudio
AU  - Fredes C
AD  - Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, 
      Chile.
FAU - Gutiérrez, Juan Pablo
AU  - Gutiérrez JP
AD  - Doctorate in Applied Mathematical Modeling, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile.
LA  - eng
GR  - CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190624
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Chile
MH  - *Chlorpyrifos
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
PMC - PMC7953381
MID - NIHMS1677763
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Interventions
OT  - *Pesticides exposure
OT  - *Risk assessment
COIS- Conflicts of interest I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this 
      manuscript have the following competing interests: Dr. Asa Bradman is a volunteer 
      member of the Board of Trustees for The Organic Center, a non-profit organization 
      addressing scientific issues about organic food and agriculture, and is also a 
      member of the USDA National Organic Standards Board. Dr. Bradman also advises 
      organic and conventional food growers and processors on pesticide-related issues 
      (unpaid) and worked with Friends of the Earth on a study examining dietary pesticide 
      exposures. None of the other authors declares any actual or potential competing 
      financial interest.
EDAT- 2019/07/10 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/16 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/10 06:00
PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/06/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/07/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(19)30351-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108554 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2019 Sep;176:108554. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108554. Epub 2019 Jun 
      24.

PMID- 15236951
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20040824
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 0041-008X (Print)
IS  - 0041-008X (Linking)
VI  - 198
IP  - 2
DP  - 2004 Jul 15
TI  - Pesticides and children.
PG  - 152-63
AB  - Prevention and control of damage to health, crops, and property by insects, fungi, 
      and noxious weeds are the major goals of pesticide applications. As with use of any 
      biologically active agent, pesticides have unwanted side-effects. In this review, we 
      will examine the thesis that adverse pesticide effects are more likely to occur in 
      children who are at special developmental and behavioral risk. Children's exposures 
      to pesticides in the rural and urban settings and differences in their exposure 
      patterns are discussed. The relative frequency of pesticide poisoning in children is 
      examined. In this connection, most reported acute pesticide poisonings occur in 
      children younger than age 5. The possible epidemiological relationships between 
      parental pesticide use or exposure and the risk of adverse reproductive outcomes and 
      childhood cancer are discussed. The level of consensus among these studies is 
      examined. Current concerns regarding neurobehavioral toxicity and endocrine 
      disruption in juxtaposition to the relative paucity of toxicant mechanism-based 
      studies of children are explored.
FAU - Garry, Vincent F
AU  - Garry VF
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Program in Toxicology, 
      University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. 
      garry001@tc.umn.edu
LA  - eng
GR  - ES08161/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
JT  - Toxicology and applied pharmacology
JID - 0416575
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Child
MH  - *Child, Preschool
MH  - Endocrine System Diseases/chemically induced/congenital
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neoplasms/chemically induced/epidemiology
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced/congenital
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Reproduction/drug effects
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Urban Population
RF  - 140
EDAT- 2004/07/09 05:00
MHDA- 2004/08/25 05:00
CRDT- 2004/07/09 05:00
PHST- 2003/10/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2003/11/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2004/07/09 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2004/08/25 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2004/07/09 05:00 [entrez]
AID - S0041008X04000493 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.taap.2003.11.027 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Jul 15;198(2):152-63. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2003.11.027.

PMID- 31706197
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200904
LR  - 20200904
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 134
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Mother/child organophosphate and pyrethroid distributions.
PG  - 105264
LID - S0160-4120(19)31940-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105264 [doi]
AB  - The present study reports one of the few cases in which organophosphate (OP) and 
      pyrethroid (PYR) pesticide human exposure is evaluated in family contexts by the 
      analysis of mother/child pair samples. Urinary concentrations of 6 organic 
      metabolites of organophosphates and 2 pyrethroids were measured in mothers and their 
      7-to 8-year-old children (n = 168) in a general population from the central area of 
      Slovenia. The results were adjusted for specific gravity and creatinine. The most 
      abundant OP metabolite in children was 4-nitrophenol (PNP) (median 0.7 ng/ml) and in 
      mothers (0.45 ng/ml), representing parathion exposure. 3-Phenoxibenzoic acid (3-PBA) 
      (0.26 ng/ml), the general metabolite of pyrethroids, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol 
      (TCPY) (0.16 ng/ml; chlorpyriphos) were the second most abundant compounds in 
      children and mothers, respectively. The geometric mean specific gravity adjusted 
      concentrations of OPs and PYRs were statistically significantly higher in children 
      than in their mothers (between 3% and 24% higher), with the exception of TCPY (26% 
      lower). All OP and PYR metabolites found in higher concentration in children showed 
      significant positive correlations with the metabolite concentrations found in the 
      mothers (p < 0.05 and 0.01), involving the fact that higher maternal concentrations 
      were associated with higher children levels. These differential mother-children 
      distributions and significant correlations were observed for the 2 types of 
      pesticides studied, OPs and PYRs, which have different chemical properties. This 
      agreement is consistent with the incorporation of the pesticides because of the 
      general activities developed in the family context, instead of pesticide-dependent 
      specific inputs. Comparison of the estimated daily intakes with the acceptable daily 
      intakes of all detected metabolites revealed no significant risk of adverse health 
      effects from exposure to these pesticides.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Bravo, Natalia
AU  - Bravo N
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Department of 
      Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
FAU - Grimalt, Joan O
AU  - Grimalt JO
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Department of 
      Environmental Chemistry, Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. 
      Electronic address: joan.grimalt@idaea.csic.es.
FAU - Mazej, Darja
AU  - Mazej D
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Tratnik, Janja Snoj
AU  - Tratnik JS
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 
      39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis Andreas
AU  - Sarigiannis DA
AD  - Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and 
      HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Centre for Interdisciplinary 
      Research and Innovation, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus, 
      Bldg. D, Rm 201, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
FAU - Horvat, Milena
AU  - Horvat M
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 
      Ljubljana, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 
      39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191106
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Attention
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides
MH  - Pyrethrins/*toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Child-mother pairs
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Human Biomonitoring
OT  - *Organophosphorus pesticides
OT  - *Pyrethroids
OT  - *Women
EDAT- 2019/11/11 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/05 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/10 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)31940-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105264 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2020 Jan;134:105264. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105264. Epub 2019 Nov 
      6.

PMID- 24291036
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141125
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1879-3169 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-4274 (Linking)
VI  - 230
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Oct 15
TI  - A systematic review of neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal and postnatal 
      organophosphate pesticide exposure.
PG  - 104-21
LID - S0378-4274(13)01425-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.019 [doi]
AB  - Agricultural and residential use of organophosphate (OP) pesticides has increased in 
      recent decades after banning some persistent pesticides. Although there is evidence 
      of the effects of OPs on neurodevelopment and behaviour in adults, limited 
      information is available about their effects in children, who might be more 
      vulnerable to neurotoxic compounds. This paper was aimed at analysing the scientific 
      evidence published to date on potential neurodevelopmental and behavioural effects 
      of prenatal and postnatal exposure to OPs. A systematic review was undertaken to 
      identify original articles published up to December 2012 evaluating prenatal or 
      postnatal exposure to OPs in children and effects on neurodevelopment and/or 
      behaviour. Articles were critically compared, focusing on the methodology used to 
      assess exposure and adverse effects, as well as potential contributing factors that 
      may modify both exposure and outcomes, such as genetic susceptibility to certain 
      enzymes involved in OPs metabolisation (e.g. paraoxonase-1) and gender differences. 
      Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria, 7 of which evaluated prenatal exposure 
      to OPs, 8 postnatal exposure and 5 both pre- and postnatal exposure. Most of the 
      studies evaluating prenatal exposure observed a negative effect on mental 
      development and an increase in attention problems in preschool and school children. 
      The evidence on postnatal exposure is less consistent, although 2 studies found an 
      increase in reaction time in schoolchildren. Some paraoxonase-1 polymorphisms could 
      enhance the association between OPs exposure and mental and psychomotor development. 
      A large variability in epidemiological designs and methodologies used for assessing 
      exposure and outcome was observed across the different studies, which made 
      comparisons difficult. Prenatal and to a lesser extent postnatal exposure to OPs may 
      contribute to neurodevelopmental and behavioural deficits in preschool and school 
      children. Standardised methodologies are needed to allow results to be better 
      compared and to perform a quantitative meta-analysis before drawing any final 
      conclusions.
CI  - Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - González-Alzaga, B
AU  - González-Alzaga B
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain.
FAU - Lacasaña, M
AU  - Lacasaña M
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public 
      Health (CIBERESP), Spain. Electronic address: 
      marina.lacasana.easp@juntadeandalucia.es.
FAU - Aguilar-Garduño, C
AU  - Aguilar-Garduño C
AD  - Centre for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Rodríguez-Barranco, M
AU  - Rodríguez-Barranco M
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public 
      Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
FAU - Ballester, F
AU  - Ballester F
AD  - CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Centre for Public Health 
      Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; University of Valencia, Spain.
FAU - Rebagliato, M
AU  - Rebagliato M
AD  - CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Medicine, 
      University Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
FAU - Hernández, A F
AU  - Hernández AF
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of 
      Medicine, Granada, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20131126
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Toxicol Lett
JT  - Toxicology letters
JID - 7709027
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Brain/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior/drug effects
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetus/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Neurodevelopment
OT  - Organophosphorus pesticides
OT  - Postnatal exposure
OT  - Prenatal exposure
EDAT- 2013/12/03 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2013/12/03 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/11/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/11/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/12/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/12/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-4274(13)01425-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.019 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Lett. 2014 Oct 15;230(2):104-21. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.019. Epub 
      2013 Nov 26.

PMID- 18332717
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080825
LR  - 20121115
IS  - 1040-8703 (Print)
IS  - 1040-8703 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Apr
TI  - Pesticides and child neurodevelopment.
PG  - 191-7
LID - 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3282f60a7d [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes the recent research on pesticide exposure 
      and child neurobehavioral development with a focus on in-utero exposure to 
      organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies on 
      in-utero exposure to the organochlorine pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane 
      and its breakdown product, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene, indicate that exposure is 
      associated with poorer infant (6 months and older) and child neurodevelopment. Yet, 
      the studies differ on the domain of development that is affected. Research on 
      organophosphate pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment is limited but suggests some 
      negative association of exposure and neurodevelopment at certain ages. Two reports 
      agree that increased levels of organophosphate exposure in utero result in greater 
      numbers of abnormal reflexes in neonates and studies in older infants and young 
      children also point to a negative association with development. In young children 
      (2-3 years) two separate studies observed an increase in maternally reported 
      pervasive developmental disorder with increased levels of organophosphate exposure. 
      SUMMARY: Given that the literature suggests a link between organochlorine and 
      in-utero pesticide exposure and impaired child neurodevelopment, clinicians should 
      educate parents about prevention of exposure, especially in populations living in 
      agricultural areas or where household use is common.
FAU - Rosas, Lisa G
AU  - Rosas LG
AD  - University of California at Berkeley, School of Public Health, Center for Children's 
      Environmental Health Research, Berkeley, California, USA.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Opin Pediatr
JT  - Current opinion in pediatrics
JID - 9000850
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Disease
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior Disorders/*chemically induced
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/toxicity
MH  - Nervous System/drug effects/*growth & development
MH  - Organophosphates/toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
RF  - 47
EDAT- 2008/03/12 09:00
MHDA- 2008/08/30 09:00
CRDT- 2008/03/12 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/08/30 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/03/12 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00008480-200804000-00016 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3282f60a7d [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008 Apr;20(2):191-7. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3282f60a7d.

PMID- 33287778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210506
LR  - 20210506
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Dec 7
TI  - A mixed-methods study of pesticide exposures in Breastmilk and Community & Lactating 
      Women's perspectives from Haryana, India.
PG  - 1877
LID - 10.1186/s12889-020-09966-x [doi]
LID - 1877
AB  - BACKGROUND: Population growth which has resulted in a need for increased crop yields 
      to sustain food security, in addition to the effects of climate change, have led to 
      the widespread use of chemical pesticides. The indiscriminate use of pesticides has 
      in turn led to contamination of the environment, food commodities and 
      bioaccumulation in human tissues, particularly in agrarian regions of India 
      including the northern state of Haryana. METHODS: We conducted a pilot screening 
      study to investigate the presence of organochlorine, organophosphate, and pyrethroid 
      pesticides in breastmilk samples (n = 75) from Haryana, India. Pesticide analyses 
      were conducted using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for OC and OP 
      pesticides and GC-electron capture detector for pyrethroids. The study was 
      complemented by a qualitative evaluation of maternal and community perceptions, 
      knowledge, attitudes and practices associated with pesticide use and risk of 
      exposure (n = 30 in-depth interviews; n = 9 focus group discussions). RESULTS: 
      Analysis of breastmilk showed the presence of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane 
      (DDT) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in 4% (range: <LOQ - 28 μg/L) 
      and 5% (range: < LOQ - 107 μg/L) of samples, respectively. No other pesticides were 
      detected. Our qualitative findings showed that community members commonly held 
      perceptions of pesticides as medicines and poison but acknowledged their widespread 
      use to ensure crop yields. Given the gendered engagement in farming in this setting, 
      lactating women in study communities do not directly handle chemical pesticides, 
      thus lowering risk of inhalation and dermal exposure. CONCLUSIONS: In our small 
      sample, breastmilk pesticide concentrations were low and did not pose a risk to 
      infants. Based on the persistent nature of many organic pollutants and reported 
      widespread use, we recommend more comprehensive and longitudinal investigation of 
      upstream pesticide contamination in the food supply and exposures among mothers and 
      children. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2017/01/007636 , Date Registered: 06/01/2017. 
      CTRI website: 
      http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pdf_generate.php?trialid=17249&EncHid=&modid=&compid=%27,%2717249det%27.
FAU - Mehta, Rukshan V
AU  - Mehta RV
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5890-5206
AD  - Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA. rukshan.mehta@sickkids.ca.
AD  - Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Claudia Nance Rollins Building, 
      5th Floor, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. rukshan.mehta@sickkids.ca.
FAU - Sreenivasa, M A
AU  - Sreenivasa MA
AD  - Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Food Technological Research 
      Institute, Mysuru, India.
FAU - Mathew, Mathen
AU  - Mathew M
AD  - Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Food Technological Research 
      Institute, Mysuru, India.
FAU - Girard, Amy Webb
AU  - Girard AW
AD  - Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
AD  - The Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Taneja, Sunita
AU  - Taneja S
AD  - Society for Applied Studies, Centre for Health Research and Development, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Ranjan, Samriddhi
AU  - Ranjan S
AD  - Society for Applied Studies, Centre for Health Research and Development, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Ramakrishnan, Usha
AU  - Ramakrishnan U
AD  - Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
AD  - The Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Martorell, Reynaldo
AU  - Martorell R
AD  - Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
AD  - The Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Ryan, P Barry
AU  - Ryan PB
AD  - Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Young, Melissa F
AU  - Young MF
AD  - Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
AD  - The Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory 
      University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - 5R21HD080107-02/National Institutes of Health (US)/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201207
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis
MH  - India
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Lactation
MH  - Male
MH  - Milk, Human/*chemistry
MH  - *Pesticide Residues/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Pregnancy
PMC - PMC7720549
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Focus groups
OT  - In-depth interviews
OT  - Organochlorines
OT  - Organophosphates
OT  - Pyrethroids, Pesticides, Breastmilk
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/12/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/07 06:00
CRDT- 2020/12/08 05:31
PHST- 2020/06/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/12/08 05:31 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-020-09966-x [pii]
AID - 9966 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-020-09966-x [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2020 Dec 7;20(1):1877. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09966-x.

PMID- 18032333
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080103
LR  - 20071122
IS  - 1059-924X (Print)
IS  - 1059-924X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007
TI  - Neurotoxicity of pesticides.
PG  - 17-25
AB  - Several pesticides such as organophosphates, carbamates and the organochlorine 
      pesticides directly target nervous tissue as their mechanism of toxicity. In several 
      others, such as the fumigants, the nervous system is affected by toxicological 
      mechanisms that diffusely affect most or all tissues in the body. Both the central 
      and peripheral nervous system are involved in the acute toxidromes of many 
      pesticides resulting in acute short-term effects. There is strong human 
      epidemiological evidence for persistent nervous system damage following acute 
      intoxication with several important pesticide groups such as organophosphates and 
      certain fumigants. However, whether persistent nervous system damage follows chronic 
      low-level exposure to pesticides in adults (particularly organophosphpates), and 
      whether in utero and/or early childhood exposure leads to persistent nervous system 
      damage, is a subject of study at present. Parkinson's Disease, one of the most 
      common chronic central nervous system diseases, has been linked to pesticide 
      exposure in some studies, but other studies have failed to find an association. 
      Several new pesticidal chemicals such as the neo-nicotinoids and fipronil have 
      central nervous system effects, but only case reports are available to date on acute 
      human intoxications with several of these. Little data are yet available on whether 
      long-term effects result from these chemicals. Several ongoing or recently completed 
      studies should add valuable insight into the effects of pesticides on the human 
      nervous system particularly the effect of low-dose, chronic exposure both in adults 
      and children.
FAU - Keifer, Matthew C
AU  - Keifer MC
AD  - University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7234, USA. 
      mkeifer@u.washington.edu
FAU - Firestone, Jordan
AU  - Firestone J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Agromedicine
JT  - Journal of agromedicine
JID - 9421530
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
RF  - 73
EDAT- 2007/11/23 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/04 09:00
CRDT- 2007/11/23 09:00
PHST- 2007/11/23 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/04 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/11/23 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1300/J096v12n01_03 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agromedicine. 2007;12(1):17-25. doi: 10.1300/J096v12n01_03.

PMID- 17412399
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070713
LR  - 20070502
IS  - 0048-9697 (Print)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 378
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 Jun 1
TI  - Dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides for young children in Tokyo and 
      neighboring area.
PG  - 263-8
AB  - Dietary ingestion is a significant pathway of human exposure to organophosphorus 
      (OP) pesticides. This study aims to determine the occurrence of OP pesticide in the 
      diet of young children in Japan and estimate their exposure. The study was conducted 
      by analyzing duplicate diet samples collected from 33 children aged 3 to 6 years old 
      in Tokyo and the nearby area in Japan. Seven OP pesticides that are mainly used for 
      agriculture in Japan (fenitrothion, trichlorfon, dichlorvos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, 
      malathion, and EPN) were targeted for analysis. As a result of the study, 
      fenitrothion was frequently found in the week's diet (21%) of children, followed by 
      diazinon (14%), chlorpyrifos (11%), and malathion (4%); the daily intake of 
      pesticides was also estimated to range from < 110 to 180 ng/day, < 70 to 800 ng/day, 
      < 70 to 100 ng/day, and < or = 110 ng/day, respectively. Daily intake of diazinon 
      per kg body weight was relatively higher than other target pesticides and the 
      maximum value was 50 times below the acceptable daily intake set by Japan Ministry 
      of Health and Labor Welfare. Occurrence of malathion in the diet of children in the 
      present study was lower than that reported in 1980s, supposed due to the decreasing 
      level of malathion in wheat and wheat products. Frequent detection of fenitrothion 
      in diet is a significant trend observed in Japan, and is considered due to the high 
      and widespread usage of the pesticide inside of the country.
FAU - Kawahara, Junko
AU  - Kawahara J
AD  - National Institute for Environmental Study, Research Center for Risk Analysis, 
      Japan. jkawa@nies.go.jp
FAU - Yoshinaga, Jun
AU  - Yoshinaga J
FAU - Yanagisawa, Yukio
AU  - Yanagisawa Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070406
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Japan
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Urban Population
EDAT- 2007/04/07 09:00
MHDA- 2007/07/14 09:00
CRDT- 2007/04/07 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/01/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/02/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/04/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/07/14 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/04/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(07)00219-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2007 Jun 1;378(3):263-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.005. 
      Epub 2007 Apr 6.

PMID- 21171850
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110131
LR  - 20121115
IS  - 1556-9519 (Electronic)
IS  - 1556-3650 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 9
DP  - 2010 Nov
TI  - Pesticide poisonings at a tertiary children's hospital in South Africa: an 
      increasing problem.
PG  - 928-34
LID - 10.3109/15563650.2010.534482 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: Exposure of children to pesticides and overt poisoning are an increasingly 
      important problem in South Africa. OBJECTIVE: This study describes the profile of 
      acute paediatric pesticide exposures and poisonings presenting to Red Cross War 
      Memorial Children's Hospital (RCWMCH) in Cape Town South Africa from 2003 to 2008, 
      identifies those poisonings due to illicit pesticides sold on the streets ("street 
      pesticides") and assesses the number of incidents in which the statutory requirement 
      of notification to the local health authority is met. Methods. Cases were identified 
      by review of the RCWMCH case and notification records and the local health authority 
      notification records. RESULTS: There were 306 patients with 311 incidents of acute 
      pesticide exposure or poisoning. This represents 11% of all paediatric exposures and 
      poisonings (N=2868) seen over the 6-year period. The number of pesticide incidents 
      increased annually. Two hundred seventy-eight (91%) children were under 6 years old 
      and 164 (54%) were males. Two hundred seventeen (70%) patients came from six socio 
      economically diverse suburbs in the Cape Town Metropole, each of which ranges from 
      informal settlements with extreme poverty to formal housing with lower to middle 
      class populations. There was a summer predominance of acute pesticide exposures and 
      poisonings. The commonest group of pesticides were 203 cholinergics (includes 
      organophosphates and carbamates), 35 anticoagulants and 45 unknowns. One hundred 
      incidents were classified as exposures as they were asymptomatic. Two hundred eleven 
      symptomatic incidents, termed pesticide poisonings, required admission; 121 to High 
      Care or Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The median length of stay in hospital was 3 days 
      (range 0-52). There were 6 (2%) deaths. The large group of cholinergic exposures and 
      poisonings (203) required 195 (96%) admissions; 120 (59%) to High Care or ICU. Of 
      the 44 "street pesticide" exposures and poisonings, 33 were cholinergic poisonings 
      and 21 required High Care or ICU. Eighty-seven (41%) of 211 poisonings requiring 
      notification were recorded at the local health authority; all were instances of 
      cholinergic poisoning. CONCLUSION: The increasing number and the morbidity and 
      mortality of acute paediatric pesticide exposure and poisoning is of great concern. 
      Furthermore, the magnitude of the problem is masked by inadequate notification with 
      the relevant health authorities.
FAU - Balme, Kate H
AU  - Balme KH
AD  - Poisons Information Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross 
      War Memorial Children's Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South 
      Africa. kate.bloch@uct.ac.za
FAU - Roberts, J Clare
AU  - Roberts JC
FAU - Glasstone, Marion
AU  - Glasstone M
FAU - Curling, Linda
AU  - Curling L
FAU - Rother, Hanna-Andrea
AU  - Rother HA
FAU - London, Leslie
AU  - London L
FAU - Zar, Heather
AU  - Zar H
FAU - Mann, Michael D
AU  - Mann MD
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Clin Toxicol (Phila)
JT  - Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
JID - 101241654
RN  - 0 (Carbamates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Disease
MH  - Carbamates/poisoning
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphate Poisoning
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Poisoning/epidemiology
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
EDAT- 2010/12/22 06:00
MHDA- 2011/02/01 06:00
CRDT- 2010/12/22 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/02/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3109/15563650.2010.534482 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Nov;48(9):928-34. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2010.534482.

PMID- 32798937
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201120
LR  - 20210903
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 188
DP  - 2020 Sep
TI  - Residential proximity to greenhouse crops and pesticide exposure (via 
      acetylcholinesterase activity) assessed from childhood through adolescence.
PG  - 109728
LID - S0013-9351(20)30621-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109728 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Off-target drift of pesticides from farms increases the risk of 
      pesticide exposure of people living nearby. Cholinesterase inhibitors (i.e. 
      organophosphates and carbamates) are frequently used in agriculture and inhibit 
      acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Greenhouse agriculture is an important 
      production method, but it is unknown how far pesticide drift from greenhouses can 
      extend and expose people living nearby. METHODS: This study included 1156 
      observations from 3 exams (2008, Apr, 2016 and Jul-Oct 2016) of 623 children aged 
      4-to-17 years living in agricultural communities in Ecuador. AChE, a physiological 
      marker of cholinesterase inhibitor exposure, was measured in blood. Geographic 
      positioning of greenhouses and homes were obtained using GPS receivers and satellite 
      imagery. Distances between homes and the nearest greenhouse edge, and areas of 
      greenhouse crops within various buffer zones around homes were calculated. 
      Repeated-measures regression adjusted for hemoglobin and other covariates estimated 
      change in AChE relative to distance from greenhouses. RESULTS: The pooled mean (SD) 
      of AChE activity was 3.58 U/mL (0.60). The median (25th-75th %tile) residential 
      distance to crops was 334 m (123, 648) and crop area within 500 m of homes (non-zero 
      values only) was 18,482 m(2) (7115, 61,841). Residential proximity to greenhouse 
      crops was associated with lower AChE activity among children living within 275 m of 
      crops (AChE difference per 100 m of proximity [95% CI] = -0.10 U/mL [-0.20, 
      -0.006]). Lower AChE activity was associated with greater crop area within 500 m of 
      homes (AChE difference per 1000 m2 [95% CI] = -0.026 U/mL [-0.040, -0.012]) and 
      especially within 150 m (-0.037 U/mL [-0.065, -0.007]). CONCLUSIONS: Residential 
      proximity to floricultural greenhouses, especially within 275 m, was associated with 
      lower AChE activity among children, reflecting greater cholinesterase inhibitor 
      exposure from pesticide drift. Analyses of residential proximity and crop areas near 
      homes yielded complementary findings. Mitigation of off-target drift of pesticides 
      from crops onto nearby homes is recommended.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose R
AU  - Suarez-Lopez JR
AD  - Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San 
      Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: jrsuarez@health.ucsd.edu.
FAU - Nazeeh, Noor
AU  - Nazeeh N
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma 
      Linda, CA, USA.
FAU - Kayser, Georgia
AU  - Kayser G
AD  - Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San 
      Diego, CA, USA.
FAU - Suárez-Torres, José
AU  - Suárez-Torres J
AD  - Fundacion Cimas Del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
FAU - Checkoway, Harvey
AU  - Checkoway H
AD  - Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San 
      Diego, CA, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 
      CA, USA.
FAU - López-Paredes, Dolores
AU  - López-Paredes D
AD  - Fundacion Cimas Del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
FAU - Jacobs, David R Jr
AU  - Jacobs DR Jr
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University 
      of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
FAU - Cruz, Franklin de la
AU  - Cruz F
AD  - Fundacion Cimas Del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R36 OH009402/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20200611
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Acetylcholinesterase
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Crops, Agricultural
MH  - Ecuador
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis/toxicity
PMC - PMC7483309
MID - NIHMS1604827
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Area
OT  - *Carbamate
OT  - *Ecuador
OT  - *Organophosphate
OT  - *Pesticide drift
OT  - *Residential proximity
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors declare they have no actual or potential competing 
      financial interests.
EDAT- 2020/08/18 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/18 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/18 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(20)30621-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109728 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2020 Sep;188:109728. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109728. Epub 2020 Jun 
      11.

PMID- 11147603
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010118
LR  - 20190620
IS  - 0008-543X (Print)
IS  - 0008-543X (Linking)
VI  - 89
IP  - 11
DP  - 2000 Dec 1
TI  - Pesticide exposures in children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
PG  - 2315-21
AB  - BACKGROUND: The association between pesticide exposure and non-Hodgkin lymphoma 
      (NHL) in adults has been the subject of numerous case-control and cohort studies. 
      However, to the authors' knowledge, data regarding pesticide exposures in children 
      diagnosed with NHL have been lacking. METHODS: The Children's Cancer Group conducted 
      a study comparing 268 children who developed NHL or leukemia with bulk disease with 
      a group of matched, randomly selected regional population controls. The telephone 
      interviews of both the case and control mothers included selected questions 
      regarding occupational and home exposures to pesticides around the time of the index 
      pregnancy and exposure of the child. RESULTS: A significant association was found 
      between risk of NHL and increased frequency of reported pesticide use in the home 
      (odds ratio [OR] = 7.3 for use most days; trend P = 0.05), professional 
      exterminations within the home (OR = 3.0; P = 0.002), and postnatal exposure (OR = 
      2.4; P = 0.001). Elevated risks were found for T-cell and B-cell lymphomas; for 
      lymphoblastic, large cell, and Burkitt morphologies; and in both young (age < 6 
      years) and older children. There was an increased risk of NHL with occupational 
      exposure to pesticides (OR = 1.7) that was not significant overall, but that was 
      significant for Burkitt lymphoma (OR = 9.6; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of 
      the current study provide further evidence linking pesticide exposure to the risk of 
      NHL, but the authors were unable to implicate any specific agent.
FAU - Buckley, J D
AU  - Buckley JD
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 
      USA. jbuckley@hsc.usc.edu
FAU - Meadows, A T
AU  - Meadows AT
FAU - Kadin, M E
AU  - Kadin ME
FAU - Le Beau, M M
AU  - Le Beau MM
FAU - Siegel, S
AU  - Siegel S
FAU - Robison, L L
AU  - Robison LL
LA  - eng
GR  - CA 13539/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - CA02971/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA38908/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - etc.
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Cancer
JT  - Cancer
JID - 0374236
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/*chemically induced/epidemiology/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mothers
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
EDAT- 2001/01/09 11:00
MHDA- 2001/02/28 10:01
CRDT- 2001/01/09 11:00
PHST- 2001/01/09 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/02/28 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/01/09 11:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/1097-0142(20001201)89:11<2315::AID-CNCR21>3.0.CO;2-G [pii]
AID - 10.1002/1097-0142(20001201)89:11<2315::aid-cncr21>3.0.co;2-g [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cancer. 2000 Dec 1;89(11):2315-21. doi: 
      10.1002/1097-0142(20001201)89:11<2315::aid-cncr21>3.0.co;2-g.

PMID- 12549246
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030410
LR  - 20191106
IS  - 1074-7583 (Print)
IS  - 1074-7583 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
DP  - 2002 Nov
TI  - Pesticide use and practices in an Iowa farm family pesticide exposure study.
PG  - 423-33
AB  - Residents of Iowa were enrolled in a study investigating differences in pesticide 
      contamination and exposure factors between 25 farm homes and 25 non-farm homes. The 
      target pesticides investigated were atrazine, metolachlor, acetochlor, alachlor, 
      2,4-D, glyphosate, and chlorpyrifos; all were applied to either corn or soybean 
      crops. A questionnaire was administered to all participants to determine residential 
      pesticide use in and around the home. In addition, a questionnaire was administered 
      to the farmers to determine the agricultural pesticides they used on the farm and 
      their application practices. Non-agricultural pesticides were used more in and 
      around farm homes than non-farm homes. Atrazine was the agricultural pesticide used 
      most by farmers. Most farmers applied pesticides themselves but only 10 (59%) used 
      tractors with enclosed cabs, and they typically wore little personal protective 
      equipment (PPE). On almost every farm, more than one agricultural pesticide was 
      applied. Corn was grown by 23 (92%) farmers and soybeans by 12 (48%) farmers. Of 
      these, 10 (40%) grew both soybeans and corn, with only 2 (8%) growing only soybeans 
      and 13 (52%) growing only corn. The majority of farmers changed from their work 
      clothes and shoes in the home, and when they changed outside or in the garage, they 
      usually brought their clothes and shoes inside. Applying pesticides using tractors 
      with open cabs, not wearing PPE, and changing from work clothes in the home may 
      increase pesticide exposure and contamination. Almost half of the 66 farm children 
      less than 16 years of age were engaged in some form of farm chores, with 6 (9%) 
      potentially directly exposed to pesticides, while only 2 (4%) of the 52 non-farm 
      children less than 16 years of age had farm chores, and none were directly exposed 
      to pesticides. Farm homes may be contaminated with pesticides in several ways, 
      resulting in potentially more contamination than non-farm homes, and farm children 
      may be directly exposed to pesticides through farm chores involving pesticides. In 
      addition to providing a description of pesticide use, the data presented here will 
      be useful in evaluating potential contributing factors to household pesticide 
      contamination and family exposure.
FAU - Curwin, B
AU  - Curwin B
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 
      Iowa, USA. bcurwin@cdc.gov
FAU - Sanderson, W
AU  - Sanderson W
FAU - Reynolds, S
AU  - Reynolds S
FAU - Hein, M
AU  - Hein M
FAU - Alavanja, M
AU  - Alavanja M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Agric Saf Health
JT  - Journal of agricultural safety and health
JID - 9613956
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - *Air Pollutants, Occupational
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Iowa/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Protective Clothing
MH  - Residence Characteristics
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Workload
EDAT- 2003/01/29 04:00
MHDA- 2003/04/11 05:00
CRDT- 2003/01/29 04:00
PHST- 2003/01/29 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/04/11 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/01/29 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.13031/2013.10222 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agric Saf Health. 2002 Nov;8(4):423-33. doi: 10.13031/2013.10222.

PMID- 19563096
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090820
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 0256-9574 (Print)
VI  - 99
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Mar
TI  - Child's play: exposure to household pesticide use among children in rural, urban and 
      informal areas of South Africa.
PG  - 180-4
AB  - BACKGROUND: As part of a larger dermatological investigation undertaken in 1999 - 
      2001 involving the Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital (Cape Town, 
      South Africa) and Nottingham University (UK), household pesticide use was 
      investigated among Xhosa-speaking families living in three areas in South Africa (a 
      rural area, an urban township and an informal settlement). OBJECTIVES: The aim was 
      to characterise pesticide use patterns and potential exposures through skin 
      absorption, ingestion and inhalation for this group of South African children. 
      METHODS: A standardised questionnaire, which included a section investigating 
      household pesticide use, was administered by four trained fieldworkers to the 
      parents/guardians of the 740 children (25%) aged between 3 and 11 years identified 
      as having atopic dermatitis either by clinical examination or according to the UK 
      criteria (rural N=387, urban N=292, informal N=61). RESULTS: Of the children with 
      atopic dermatitis, 539 (73%) had been exposed to household pesticides. Most 
      childhood exposure (89%) occurred in the informal settlements, followed by 78% in 
      the urban area and 63% in the rural area. CONCLUSIONS: This research highlighted 
      considerable home environment pesticide exposure of South African children in lower 
      socio-economic groups in rural, urban and informal areas. As children are 
      particularly vulnerable to the short- and long-term health effects of pesticide 
      exposure, further in-depth investigation is needed to ascertain and document the 
      health effects associated with such exposure in the home.
FAU - Tolosana, Sandy
AU  - Tolosana S
AD  - Asbestos Relief Trust, UCT Boehringer Ingelheim Lung Institute, Observatory, Cape 
      Town. stolosana@telkomsa.net
FAU - Rother, Hanna-Andrea
AU  - Rother HA
FAU - London, Leslie
AU  - London L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - South Africa
TA  - S Afr Med J
JT  - South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
JID - 0404520
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Rural Population/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Skin Absorption
MH  - South Africa
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Urban Population/*statistics & numerical data
EDAT- 2009/07/01 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/21 09:00
CRDT- 2009/07/01 09:00
PHST- 2009/07/01 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/07/01 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/21 09:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - S Afr Med J. 2009 Mar;99(3):180-4.

PMID- 29026987
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180919
LR  - 20210109
IS  - 1432-1246 (Electronic)
IS  - 0340-0131 (Print)
IS  - 0340-0131 (Linking)
VI  - 91
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Feb
TI  - Acetylcholinesterase activity and time after a peak pesticide-use period among 
      Ecuadorian children.
PG  - 175-184
LID - 10.1007/s00420-017-1265-4 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Mother's Day (May) is a holiday with substantial demand for flowers, 
      associated with heightened flower production and escalated pesticide use. The effect 
      of spray seasons on pesticide exposures of children living in agricultural 
      communities but who do not work in agriculture is poorly understood. In this study, 
      we estimated the association of time after Mother's Day harvest with children's 
      acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. AChE is a physiological marker of 
      organophosphate/carbamate pesticide exposures that may take up to 3 months to 
      normalize after its inhibition. METHODS: We examined 308 children, aged 4-9 years, 
      in Ecuadorian agricultural communities during a low flower-production season but 
      within 63-100 days (mean: 81.5 days, SD: 10.9) after Mother's Day harvest. We 
      quantified AChE activity (mean: 3.14 U/mL, SD: 0.49) from a single finger-stick 
      sample. RESULTS: We observed positive linear associations between time after the 
      harvest and AChE among participants living near plantations. The associations were 
      strongest among participants living within 233 m [(0.15 U/mL (95% CI 0.02, 0.28)], 
      slightly weaker among participants living within 234-532 m [0.11 U/mL (0.00, 0.23)], 
      and not associated among participants at greater distances. Similar findings were 
      observed across categories of areas of flower plantations within 500 m of homes. 
      CONCLUSIONS: These cross-sectional findings suggest that a peak pesticide-use period 
      can decrease AChE activity of children living near plantations. These seasonal 
      pesticide exposures could induce short- and long-term developmental alterations in 
      children. Studies assessing exposures at multiple times in relation to pesticide 
      spray seasons among children who do not work in agriculture are needed.
FAU - Suarez-Lopez, Jose Ricardo
AU  - Suarez-Lopez JR
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093-0725, USA. jrsuarez@ucsd.edu.
AD  - Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 
      9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA. jrsuarez@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Butcher, Cheyenne R
AU  - Butcher CR
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093-0725, USA.
FAU - Gahagan, Sheila
AU  - Gahagan S
AD  - Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Child Development and Community Health, 
      Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0832, La 
      Jolla, CA, 92093-0832, USA.
FAU - Checkoway, Harvey
AU  - Checkoway H
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093-0725, USA.
FAU - Alexander, Bruce H
AU  - Alexander BH
AD  - Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 420 
      Delaware St. SE, MMC 807, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
FAU - Al-Delaimy, Wael K
AU  - Al-Delaimy WK
AD  - Division of Global Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 
      University of California, San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, La Jolla, CA, 
      92093-0725, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 ES026084/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES025792/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R36 OH009402/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20171013
TA  - Int Arch Occup Environ Health
JT  - International archives of occupational and environmental health
JID - 7512134
RN  - 0 (Hemoglobins)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/*blood
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Body Weights and Measures
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Ecuador/epidemiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - *Flowers
MH  - Hemoglobins
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*blood
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
PMC - PMC5797496
MID - NIHMS912813
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Agriculture
OT  - *Children
OT  - *Cholinesterase
OT  - *Mother’s Day
OT  - *Organophosphate
OT  - *Pesticides
COIS- Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2017/10/14 06:00
MHDA- 2018/09/20 06:00
CRDT- 2017/10/14 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/10/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/10/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/09/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/10/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00420-017-1265-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00420-017-1265-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2018 Feb;91(2):175-184. doi: 
      10.1007/s00420-017-1265-4. Epub 2017 Oct 13.

PMID- 27593355
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170103
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 218
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Exposure to pyrethroid pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors in East 
      China.
PG  - 1128-1134
LID - S0269-7491(16)30988-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.066 [doi]
AB  - Pesticide exposure is hypothesized as one of the risk factors for the development of 
      childhood brain tumors (CBT). This hospital-based case-control study evaluated the 
      association of pyrethroid pesticide exposure with the risk for CBT in a children 
      population in East China. In total, 161 CBT cases and 170 controls were recruited 
      from 2 children's medical centers in Shanghai (Xinhua Hospital and Shanghai 
      Children's Medical Center) between September 2012 and June 2015. The cases and 
      controls were matched for age, sex, and province of residence. Pyrethroid pesticide 
      exposure was evaluated by urinalysis of 3 nonspecific metabolites of pyrethroids 
      (cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA, and 3-PBA) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 
      detection and by administering a questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression 
      showed that trans-DCCA, 3-PBA, and total metabolites (sum of the 3 metabolites) were 
      positively associated with the increased risk of CBT. Children in the highest 
      quartile had a nearly 3-fold increased risk of CBT compared with those in the lowest 
      quartile after adjusting for confounding factors (trans-DCCA, odds ratio 
      (OR) = 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38-4.80, p = 0.003; 3-PBA, OR = 3.26, 
      95% CI, 1.73-6.14, p < 0.0001; total metabolites, OR = 3.60, 95% CI, 1.87-6.93, 
      p < 0.0001). We also found that exposure to both mosquitocide and cockroach killer 
      was related to the increased risk of CBT (mosquitocide, OR = 1.68, 95% CI, 
      1.06-2.67, p = 0.027; cockroach killer, OR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.13-2.95, p = 0.013). 
      These findings indicate that exposure to pyrethroid pesticides might be associated 
      with increased risk of CBT. Prospective cohort studies with larger sample sizes are 
      required to confirm this conclusion.
CI  - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chen, Sheng
AU  - Chen S
AD  - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai 
      Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, 
      Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong 
      University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Gu, Shuo
AU  - Gu S
AD  - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai 
      Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, 
      Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong 
      University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wang, Yue
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai 
      Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
FAU - Yao, Yongliang
AU  - Yao Y
AD  - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of 
      Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wang, Guoquan
AU  - Wang G
AD  - Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Jin, Yue
AU  - Jin Y
AD  - Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wu, Yeming
AU  - Wu Y
AD  - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai 
      Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, 
      Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: 
      wuymsh@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160901
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/*chemically induced
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China
MH  - *Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Pesticides/analysis/*toxicity
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Pyrethrins/analysis/*toxicity
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain tumors
OT  - Children
OT  - Exposure assessment
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Pyrethroids
OT  - Urinary metabolites
EDAT- 2016/09/07 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/04 06:00
CRDT- 2016/09/06 06:00
PHST- 2016/05/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/08/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/08/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/09/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/09/06 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(16)30988-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.066 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2016 Nov;218:1128-1134. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.066. Epub 2016 
      Sep 1.

PMID- 23066409
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130317
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 8
DP  - 2012 Aug
TI  - Children's exposures to pyrethroid insecticides at home: a review of data collected 
      in published exposure measurement studies conducted in the United States.
PG  - 2964-85
LID - 10.3390/ijerph9082964 [doi]
AB  - Pyrethroid insecticides are frequently used to control insects in residential and 
      agriculture settings in the United States and worldwide. As a result, children can 
      be potentially exposed to pyrethroid residues in food and at home. This review 
      summarizes data reported in 15 published articles from observational exposure 
      measurement studies conducted from 1999 to present that examined children's (5 
      months to 17 years of age) exposures to pyrethroids in media including floor wipes, 
      floor dust, food, air, and/or urine collected at homes in the United States. At 
      least seven different pyrethroids were detected in wipe, dust, solid food, and 
      indoor air samples. Permethrin was the most frequently detected (>50%) pyrethroid in 
      these media, followed by cypermethrin (wipes, dust, and food). 3-phenoxybenzoic acid 
      (3-PBA), a urinary metabolite of several pyrethroids, was the most frequently (≥67%) 
      detected pyrethroid biomarker. Results across studies indicate that these children 
      were likely exposed to several pyrethroids, but primarily to permethrin and 
      cypermethrin, from several sources including food, dust, and/or on surfaces at 
      residences. Dietary ingestion followed by nondietary ingestion were the dominate 
      exposure routes for these children, except in homes with frequent pesticide 
      applications (dermal followed by dietary ingestion). Urinary 3-PBA concentration 
      data confirm that the majority of the children sampled were exposed to one or more 
      pyrethroids.
FAU - Morgan, Marsha K
AU  - Morgan MK
AD  - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
      Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. morgan.marsha@epa.gov
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120817
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Housing
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Insecticides/analysis/*urine
MH  - Pyrethrins/analysis/*urine
PMC - PMC3447599
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *children
OT  - *exposure
OT  - *pyrethroids
OT  - *urinary biomarker
EDAT- 2012/10/16 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/19 06:00
CRDT- 2012/10/16 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/07/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/08/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/10/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/10/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph9082964 [pii]
AID - ijerph-09-02964 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph9082964 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Aug;9(8):2964-85. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9082964. 
      Epub 2012 Aug 17.

PMID- 27525525
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180403
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1536-5948 (Electronic)
IS  - 1076-2752 (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 10
DP  - 2016 Oct
TI  - Risk of Central Nervous System Tumors in Children Related to Parental Occupational 
      Pesticide Exposures in three European Case-Control Studies.
PG  - 1046-1052
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of childhood central nervous 
      system (CNS) tumors associated with parental occupational pesticide exposure. 
      METHODS: We pooled three population-based case-control studies from France, Germany, 
      and the United Kingdom. Cases were children below 15 years of age with CNS tumors; 
      controls were matched by gender and age. A general population job-exposure matrix 
      assessed parental occupational pesticide exposure. Logistic regressions estimated 
      odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The study included 
      1361 cases and 5498 controls. Prevalence of maternal occupational pesticide exposure 
      during pregnancy was low and no association with childhood CNS tumors was detected 
      (OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.41). Around conception, OR for childhood CNS tumors 
      associated with paternal occupational pesticide exposure was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.53 to 
      0.95). CONCLUSION: Our results do not suggest a role of parental occupational 
      pesticide exposure in the etiology of childhood CNS tumors.
FAU - Febvey, Olivia
AU  - Febvey O
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and 
      Radiation, Lyon (Febvey, Drs Schüz, Bailey, Olsson); Institut National de la Santé 
      (INSERM) U1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), 
      Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif (Drs 
      Bailey, Clavel, Lacour, Orsi); Paris-Descartes University, UMRS-1153, Epidemiology 
      and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS) (Drs Bailey, Clavel, Lacour, 
      Orsi); RNCE - National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Villejuif (Dr Clavel); RNCE - 
      National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Nancy, France (Dr Lacour); Epidemiology and 
      Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK (Drs 
      Lightfoot, Roman); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Department of 
      Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University (Drs Vermeulen, Kromhout); Julius 
      Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The 
      Netherlands (Dr Vermeulen); and The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska 
      Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Olsson).
FAU - Schüz, Joachim
AU  - Schüz J
FAU - Bailey, Helen D
AU  - Bailey HD
FAU - Clavel, Jacqueline
AU  - Clavel J
FAU - Lacour, Brigitte
AU  - Lacour B
FAU - Orsi, Laurent
AU  - Orsi L
FAU - Lightfoot, Tracy
AU  - Lightfoot T
FAU - Roman, Eve
AU  - Roman E
FAU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU  - Vermeulen R
FAU - Kromhout, Hans
AU  - Kromhout H
FAU - Olsson, Ann
AU  - Olsson A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Occup Environ Med
JT  - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 9504688
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Central Nervous System Neoplasms/*epidemiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - France
MH  - Germany
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Parents
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - United Kingdom
EDAT- 2016/10/19 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/04 06:00
CRDT- 2016/08/16 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000852 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Oct;58(10):1046-1052. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000852.

PMID- 31675560
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200226
LR  - 20210110
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 133
IP  - Pt B
DP  - 2019 Dec
TI  - Association of prenatal pesticide exposures with adverse pregnancy outcomes and 
      stunting in rural Bangladesh.
PG  - 105243
LID - S0160-4120(19)31935-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105243 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pesticide exposure during pregnancy is thought to adversely affect fetal 
      growth, which in turn may impact child growth, but results have been inconsistent 
      across studies and few have explored these effects in developing countries. 
      OBJECTIVES: To quantify urinary concentrations of pesticide biomarkers in early 
      pregnancy (<16 weeks' gestation), and to estimate the association of these 
      concentrations with preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age, and 
      stunting at ~1 and 2 years of age. METHODS: Eight pesticide biomarkers were 
      quantified in urine collected from 289 pregnant women (aged 18-40 years) 
      participating in a birth cohort study in Bangladesh. Anthropometry measurements were 
      conducted on the index child at birth and approximately 1 and 2 years of age. A 
      directed acyclic graph was used to identify minimal sufficient adjustment sets. 
      Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) with 95% 
      confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY), a metabolite 
      of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos methyl, and 4-nitrophenol, a metabolite of 
      parathion and methyl parathion, were detected in nearly all women with geometric 
      mean (95% CI) values of 3.17 (2.82-3.56) and 18.66 (17.03-20.46) µg/g creatinine, 
      respectively. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a non-specific metabolite of several 
      pyrethroids, and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMPY), a diazinon 
      metabolite, were detected in 19.8% and 16.1% of women, respectively. The remaining 
      four pesticide biomarkers were detected in <10% of women. Women in the highest 
      quartile of 4-nitrophenol were more than 3 times more likely to deliver preterm than 
      women in the lowest quartile: unadjusted RR (95% CI), 3.57 (1.65, 7.73). Women in 
      the highest quartile of 4-nitrophenol were also at increased risk of having a child 
      born small for gestational age: RR (95% CI) adjusted for household income, maternal 
      education, and maternal total energy and meat intake, 3.81 (1.10, 13.21). Women with 
      detectable concentrations of IMPY were at increased risk of having a child born with 
      low birth weight compared to women with non-detectable concentrations: adjusted RR 
      (95% CI), 2.13 (1.12, 4.08). We observed no association between any of the pesticide 
      biomarkers and stunting at 1 or 2 years of age. DISCUSSION: Exposure to the 
      insecticides parathion and diazinon during early pregnancy may increase the risk of 
      adverse birth outcomes.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Jaacks, Lindsay M
AU  - Jaacks LM
AD  - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public 
      Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan 
      School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: 
      jaacks@hsph.harvard.edu.
FAU - Diao, Nancy
AU  - Diao N
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Calafat, Antonia M
AU  - Calafat AM
AD  - Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Ospina, Maria
AU  - Ospina M
AD  - Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Mazumdar, Maitreyi
AU  - Mazumdar M
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
FAU - Ibne Hasan, Md Omar Sharif
AU  - Ibne Hasan MOS
AD  - Dhaka Community Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
FAU - Wright, Robert
AU  - Wright R
AD  - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.
FAU - Quamruzzaman, Quazi
AU  - Quamruzzaman Q
AD  - Dhaka Community Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
FAU - Christiani, David C
AU  - Christiani DC
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, MA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES000002/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P42 ES016454/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015533/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191029
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bangladesh
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Growth Disorders/*epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Low Birth Weight
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Outcome/*epidemiology
MH  - Premature Birth/epidemiology
MH  - Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6863610
MID - NIHMS1542126
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Biomonitoring
OT  - *Birth outcomes
OT  - *Children's health
OT  - *Herbicides
OT  - *Organophosphate pesticides
COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare that they have no known competing 
      financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence 
      the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2019/11/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/27 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/02 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)31935-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105243 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2019 Dec;133(Pt B):105243. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105243. Epub 2019 
      Oct 29.

PMID- 26585921
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161011
LR  - 20170103
IS  - 1873-6351 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 87
DP  - 2016 Jan
TI  - Children's diets, pesticide uptake, and implications for risk assessment: An Israeli 
      case study.
PG  - 88-96
LID - S0278-6915(15)30095-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.009 [doi]
AB  - The presence of pesticides in the Israeli food supply is well documented but little 
      is known about the risks posed by children's diets for potential exposures. We 
      investigated potential exposures to food-borne pesticides in a sample of 301 urban 
      Israeli children (2008-10). Data from a food frequency questionnaire, 24 hour food 
      recall, and Israel's national pesticide monitoring program were used to estimate 
      uptake factors for 26 compounds in 27 fruits and vegetables. A pilot risk assessment 
      was performed and the findings were compared with the Israel Ministry of Health's 
      2012 pesticide risk assessment for the general population. The surveyed children had 
      higher potential exposures than the general population for over one third of the 
      compounds, and uptake factors exceeded the Acceptable Daily Intake in ten compounds. 
      Methamidophos, exceeded the ADI at the 25th percentile and fenamiphos, iprodione, 
      and oxydemethon methyl, exceeded the ADI at the 50 percentile. ADIs for several 
      compounds were exceeded even though the residues detected were below the statutory 
      limit. Improved monitoring, enforcement, and revision of the Maximum Residue Limit 
      for certain food/pesticide pairs are indicated as is the need to incorporate data on 
      children's actual food consumption in national risk assessments.
CI  - Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Freeman, Shirra
AU  - Freeman S
AD  - Migal-Galilee Research Center, P.O.B. 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; Braun School 
      of Public Health & Center for Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, 
      Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. Electronic 
      address: Shirraf@migal.org.il.
FAU - Kaufman-Shriqui, Vered
AU  - Kaufman-Shriqui V
AD  - Braun School of Public Health & Center for Excellence in Agriculture and 
      Environmental Health, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, 
      Israel; S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Faculty of 
      Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of The Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, 
      Israel. Electronic address: Veredks7@gmail.com.
FAU - Berman, Tamar
AU  - Berman T
AD  - Israel Ministry of Health, Public Health Services, 39 Yirmiyahu St., P.O.Box 1176, 
      Jerusalem 9101002, Israel. Electronic address: tamar.berman@moh.health.gov.il.
FAU - Varsano, Rina
AU  - Varsano R
AD  - Israel Ministry of Health, Public Health Services, 39 Yirmiyahu St., P.O.Box 1176, 
      Jerusalem 9101002, Israel; Israel Ministry of Health, National Food Service 
      Authority, 12 Ha'Arbaah St. Tel Aviv, 6473912 Israel. Electronic address: 
      rina.varsano@moh.health.gov.il.
FAU - Shahar, Danit R
AU  - Shahar DR
AD  - S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of The Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, 
      Israel. Electronic address: dshahar@bgu.ac.il.
FAU - Manor, Orly
AU  - Manor O
AD  - Braun School of Public Health & Center for Excellence in Agriculture and 
      Environmental Health, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, 
      Israel. Electronic address: orlyma@ekmd.huji.ac.il.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151114
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Feeding Behavior
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Israel
MH  - Models, Theoretical
MH  - Pesticides/chemistry/*toxicity
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Children
OT  - Dietary exposure assessment
OT  - Pesticide
OT  - Regulation
OT  - Risk assessment
EDAT- 2015/11/21 06:00
MHDA- 2016/10/12 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/21 06:00
PHST- 2015/05/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/11/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/10/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0278-6915(15)30095-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Jan;87:88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.009. Epub 2015 Nov 
      14.

PMID- 27281690
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170501
LR  - 20181221
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 150
DP  - 2016 Oct
TI  - Residential proximity to organophosphate and carbamate pesticide use during 
      pregnancy, poverty during childhood, and cognitive functioning in 10-year-old 
      children.
PG  - 128-137
LID - S0013-9351(16)30220-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.048 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Low-income communities and communities of color have been shown to 
      experience disproportionate exposure to agricultural pesticides, which have been 
      linked to poorer neurobehavioral outcomes in infants and children. Few studies have 
      assessed health impacts of pesticide mixtures in the context of socioeconomic 
      adversity. OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between residential proximity to 
      toxicity-weighted organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy, 
      household- and neighborhood-level poverty during childhood, and IQ scores in 
      10-year-old children. METHODS: We evaluated associations between both nearby 
      agricultural pesticide use and poverty measures and cognitive abilities in 
      10-year-old children (n = 501) using data from a longitudinal birth cohort study 
      linked with data from the California Pesticide Use Reporting system and the American 
      Community Survey. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression. 
      RESULTS: Children of mothers in the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile 
      of proximal pesticide use had lower performance on Full Scale IQ [β = -3.0; 95% 
      Confidence Interval (CI) = (-5.6, -0.3)], Perceptual Reasoning [β = -4.0; (-7.6, 
      -0.4)], and Working Memory [β = -2.8; (-5.6, -0.1)]. Belonging to a household 
      earning an income at or below the poverty threshold was associated with 
      approximately two point lower scores on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, and 
      Working Memory. Living in the highest quartile of neighborhood poverty at age 10 was 
      associated with approximately four point lower performance on Full Scale IQ, Verbal 
      Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Working memory. CONCLUSIONS: Residential 
      proximity to OP and carbamate pesticide use during pregnancy and both household- and 
      neighborhood-level poverty during childhood were independently associated with 
      poorer cognitive functioning in children at 10 years of age.
CI  - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rowe, Christopher
AU  - Rowe C
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: chris.lloyd.rowe@gmail.com.
FAU - Gunier, Robert
AU  - Gunier R
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: gunier@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: abradman@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: kharley@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Kogut, Katherine
AU  - Kogut K
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: kkogut8@berkeley.edu.
FAU - Parra, Kimberly
AU  - Parra K
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Clinica 
      de Salud del Valle de Salinas (CSVS), Salinas, CA, United States. Electronic 
      address: klparra@gmail.com.
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. 
      Electronic address: eskenazi@berkeley.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160606
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Carbamates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - California/epidemiology
MH  - Carbamates/*toxicity
MH  - Child
MH  - Cognition/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Organophosphates/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - *Poverty
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Residence Characteristics
PMC - PMC5207345
MID - NIHMS794205
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *agricultural
OT  - *children
OT  - *neurodevelopment
OT  - *pesticides
OT  - *poverty
COIS- A.B. has participated as a volunteer member of the Board for The Organic Center, a 
      nonprofit organization that provides information for scientific research about 
      organic food and farming. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential 
      competing financial interests.
EDAT- 2016/06/10 06:00
MHDA- 2017/05/02 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/10 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/05/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/06/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/06/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/05/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(16)30220-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.048 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2016 Oct;150:128-137. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.048. Epub 2016 Jun 
      6.

PMID- 29150047
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171129
LR  - 20210920
IS  - 1879-3592 (Electronic)
IS  - 1383-5718 (Linking)
VI  - 824
DP  - 2017 Dec
TI  - Cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children exposed to pesticides 
      in agricultural areas of the department of Cordoba, Colombia.
PG  - 25-31
LID - S1383-5718(16)30447-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.10.002 [doi]
AB  - Pesticides offer benefits, like optimization of agricultural production and disease 
      control; however, these toxic substances can contaminate the environment and pose 
      risks to human health. The aim of this study was to assess pesticide exposure and 
      frequency of cytogenetic damage in infant populations in agricultural areas of the 
      department of Córdoba, Colombia. Urine and peripheral blood samples were taken from 
      children living in the villages of La Ceibita (municipality of Cereté), Cabuya 
      (municipality of San Carlos), Aguas Negras (municipality of Montería), Pelayito 
      (municipality of San Pelayo), and the city of Monteria (control group). The work 
      evaluated biomarkers of exposure to pesticides (atrazine urinary concentrations 
      (ATZ) and its metabolites) and biomarkers of cytogenetic damage (micronucleus 
      frequency (MN), nuclear buds, and apoptotic cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes). 
      Measurable ATZ concentrations and/or its metabolites were recorded in the Pelayito, 
      Aguas Negras, and Cabuya zones, which had higher MN frequencies, nuclear buds, and 
      apoptotic cells than the control. Infant exposure to one of the more-often used 
      pesticides in the agricultural areas evaluated and an increasing trend in the 
      frequency of markers of cytogenetic damage in the groups of the agricultural areas, 
      as compared to the control group, were evident.
CI  - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ruiz-Guzmán, Javier Alonso
AU  - Ruiz-Guzmán JA
AD  - Water, Applied, and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and 
      Environmental Management, Universidad de Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 230002, 
      Colombia. Electronic address: javierr_ruiz@hotmail.com.
FAU - Gómez-Corrales, Pamela
AU  - Gómez-Corrales P
AD  - Water, Applied, and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and 
      Environmental Management, Universidad de Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 230002, 
      Colombia. Electronic address: pamelagoc@gmail.com.
FAU - Cruz-Esquivel, Ángel
AU  - Cruz-Esquivel Á
AD  - Water, Applied, and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and 
      Environmental Management, Universidad de Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 230002, 
      Colombia. Electronic address: bioangelgenes@gmail.com.
FAU - Marrugo-Negrete, José Luis
AU  - Marrugo-Negrete JL
AD  - Water, Applied, and Environmental Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and 
      Environmental Management, Universidad de Córdoba, Cra 6 # 76-103, Montería, 230002, 
      Colombia. Electronic address: joseluismarrugo@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20171010
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen
JT  - Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis
JID - 101632149
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - QJA9M5H4IM (Atrazine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Atrazine/pharmacokinetics/toxicity
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Colombia
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lymphocytes/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/*chemically induced
MH  - Pesticides/pharmacokinetics/toxicity
MH  - *Rural Population
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Atrazine
OT  - *DNA damage (source: DeCS)
OT  - *Micronucleus test
OT  - *Pesticides
EDAT- 2017/11/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/01 06:00
CRDT- 2017/11/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/12/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2017/10/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2017/10/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2017/11/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/11/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1383-5718(16)30447-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.10.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2017 Dec;824:25-31. doi: 
      10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 10.

PMID- 21294397
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110314
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0125-2208 (Print)
IS  - 0125-2208 (Linking)
VI  - 93 Suppl 7
DP  - 2010 Dec
TI  - Acute poison exposure in the emergency department: a 2-year study in a university 
      hospital.
PG  - S41-9
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pattern of acute poison exposure varies in the different areas. The 
      information will be useful for prevention. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pattern, severity 
      and clinical outcome of acute poison exposure in the Emergency Department of a 
      University Hospital in Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Medical records of all acute 
      poison exposure cases, presented the Emergency Department of Thammasat University 
      Hospital between October 1, 2006 and September 30, 2008 were reviewed 
      retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, exposure time, agents, route and cause 
      of exposure, clinical course and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the total 76,805 
      Emergency Department visits, 1112 cases were related to acute poison exposures, 
      which were accounted for 1.4%. Sixty-five percents were female. Patients whom their 
      ages ranging from 21 to 40 years old showed the highest rate of acute poison 
      exposures. Intentional and unintentional exposures accounted for 52.7% and 44.9%, 
      respectively. Intentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in the age group 
      of 11-40 years, while unintentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in 
      children. Pharmaceutical products (38.1%) were the most common category of 
      substances involved in acute poison exposure followed by bites and stings (31.7%) 
      and household products (17.6%). The substances most frequently involved were 
      acetaminophen (17.7%) and toilet cleaning agents (12.3%). Fifty-six (5%) cases 
      developed severe clinical course and three (0.27%) patients died. Pesticide and 
      toilet cleaning agents were responsible for all these fatalities. CONCLUSION: 
      Acetaminophen and toilet cleaning agents were commonly involved in acute poison 
      exposure. Pesticide and toilet cleaning agents caused severe morbidity and 
      mortality. Unintentional exposure was the major cause of exposure in children. 
      Public education regarding the danger of these agents and prevention of the poison 
      exposure in children should be emphasized.
FAU - Limjindaporn, Chitlada
AU  - Limjindaporn C
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, 
      Pathumthani, Thailand. chitladal1@gmail.com
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Thailand
TA  - J Med Assoc Thai
JT  - Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet
JID - 7507216
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 362O9ITL9D (Acetaminophen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetaminophen/*poisoning
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Emergency Service, Hospital/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Household Products/*poisoning
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pesticides/poisoning
MH  - Poisoning/*epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Thailand/epidemiology
EDAT- 2011/02/08 06:00
MHDA- 2011/03/15 06:00
CRDT- 2011/02/08 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/02/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/03/15 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Med Assoc Thai. 2010 Dec;93 Suppl 7:S41-9.

PMID- 31483785
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200311
LR  - 20200602
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 9
DP  - 2019
TI  - A cluster-randomized crossover trial of organic diet impact on biomarkers of 
      exposure to pesticides and biomarkers of oxidative stress/inflammation in primary 
      school children.
PG  - e0219420
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0219420 [doi]
LID - e0219420
AB  - Despite suggestive observational epidemiology and laboratory studies, there is 
      limited experimental evidence regarding the effect of organic diet on human health. 
      A cluster-randomized 40-day-organic (vs. 40-day-conventional) crossover trial was 
      conducted among children (11-12 years old) from six schools in Cyprus. One 
      restaurant provided all organic meals, and adherence to the organic diet 
      intervention was measured by parent-provided diet questionnaire/diary data. 
      Biomarkers of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid pesticide exposures were measured using 
      tandem mass spectrometry, and oxidative stress/inflammation (OSI) biomarkers using 
      immunoassays or spectrophotometry. Associations were assessed using mixed-effect 
      regression models including interactions of treatment with time. Seventy-two percent 
      of neonicotinoid biomarkers were non-detectable and modeled as binary (whether 
      detectable). In post-hoc analysis, we considered the outcome of 
      age-and-sex-standardized BMI. Multiple comparisons were handled using 
      Benjamini-Hochberg correction for 58 regression parameters. Outcome data were 
      available for 149 children. Children had lower pesticide exposures during the 
      organic period (pyrethroid geometric mean ratio, GMR = 0.297; [95% confidence 
      interval (95% CI): 0.237, 0.373], Q-value<0.05); odds for detection of 
      neonicotinoids (OR = 0.651; [95% CI: 0.463, 0.917), Q-value<0.05); and decreased OSI 
      biomarker 8-OHdG (GMR = 0.888; [95% CI: 0.808, 0.976], Q-value<0.05). An initial 
      increase was followed by a countervailing decrease over time in the organic period 
      for OSI biomarkers 8-iso-PGF2a and MDA. BMI z-scores were lower at the end of the 
      organic period (β = -0.131; [95% CI: 0.179, -0.920], Q-value<0.05). Energy intake 
      during the conventional period was reported to be higher than the recommended 
      reference levels. The organic diet intervention reduced children's exposure to 
      pyrethroid and neonicotinoid pesticides and, over time lowered biomarkers of 
      oxidative stress/inflammation (8-iso-PGF2a, 8-OHdG and MDA). The several-week 
      organic diet intervention also reduced children's age-and-sex-standardized BMI 
      z-scores, but causal inferences regarding organic diet's physiological benefits are 
      limited by the confounding of the organic diet intervention with caloric intake 
      reduction and possible lifestyle changes during the trial. Trial registration: This 
      trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT02998203.
FAU - Makris, Konstantinos C
AU  - Makris KC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5251-8619
AD  - Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus 
      University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
FAU - Konstantinou, Corina
AU  - Konstantinou C
AD  - Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus 
      University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
FAU - Andrianou, Xanthi D
AU  - Andrianou XD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2906-5743
AD  - Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus 
      University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
FAU - Charisiadis, Pantelis
AU  - Charisiadis P
AD  - Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus 
      University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
FAU - Kyriacou, Alexis
AU  - Kyriacou A
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, 
      United Kingdom.
FAU - Gribble, Matthew O
AU  - Gribble MO
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1614-2981
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of 
      America.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
FAU - Christophi, Costas A
AU  - Christophi CA
AD  - Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus 
      University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02998203
GR  - P30 ES019776/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190904
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Biomarkers
MH  - Child
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Dietary Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*epidemiology/*etiology/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Oxidative Stress
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Public Health Surveillance
MH  - Schools
MH  - Students
PMC - PMC6726134
COIS- AK works as a clinical dietician in a Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism in 
      Cyprus, but his work for this trial was not linked in any way with the Centre. The 
      authors have no other competing interests to declare. There are no patents, products 
      in development or marketed products to declare at this point. This does not alter 
      our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
EDAT- 2019/09/05 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/12 06:00
CRDT- 2019/09/05 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/09/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/09/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - PONE-D-18-32974 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0219420 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2019 Sep 4;14(9):e0219420. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219420. eCollection 
      2019.

PMID- 17000573
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070322
LR  - 20130520
IS  - 0803-5326 (Print)
IS  - 0803-5326 (Linking)
VI  - 95
IP  - 453
DP  - 2006 Oct
TI  - Adverse health effects of children's exposure to pesticides: what do we really know 
      and what can be done about it.
PG  - 71-80
AB  - Children may be exposed to pesticides in several ways, such as by transplacental 
      transfer during foetal life, by intake of contaminated breast milk and other 
      nutrients, or by contact with contaminated subjects and areas in the environment 
      such as pets treated with insecticides, house dust, carpets and chemically treated 
      lawns and gardens. Exposure early in life, and particularly during periods of rapid 
      development, such as during foetal life and infancy, may have severe effects on 
      child health and development by elevating the risk of congenital malformations, 
      cancer, malabsorption, immunological dysfunction, endocrine disease, and 
      neurobehavioural deficiencies. As pesticides can also interfere with parental 
      reproductive health, exposure of parents may have consequences for the offspring 
      leading to reduced chance of male birth and increased risk of childhood cancer. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Current knowledge about tolerable levels and consequences of toxic 
      exposure to pesticides during human development is rather scarce. Owing to the high 
      risk of exposure to pesticides, particularly in less developed countries, further 
      elucidation by well-controlled epidemiological studies in this field it is urgently 
      needed. The Policy Interpretation Network on Children's Health and Environment 
      (PINCHE), which is financed by the EU DG research has suggested actions against 
      pesticide exposure. They have been presented and discussed in this paper. Several 
      suggestions of PINCHE concerning action needed regarding pesticides were presented 
      in the paper.
FAU - Jurewicz, Joanna
AU  - Jurewicz J
AD  - Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 
      Lodz, Poland. joannaj@imp.lodz.pl
FAU - Hanke, Wojciech
AU  - Hanke W
FAU - Johansson, Carolina
AU  - Johansson C
FAU - Lundqvist, Christofer
AU  - Lundqvist C
FAU - Ceccatelli, Sandra
AU  - Ceccatelli S
FAU - van den Hazel, Peter
AU  - van den Hazel P
FAU - Saunders, Margaret
AU  - Saunders M
FAU - Zetterström, Rolf
AU  - Zetterström R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - Norway
TA  - Acta Paediatr Suppl
JT  - Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Supplement
JID - 9315043
RN  - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Food Contamination/analysis
MH  - Fruit/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia/epidemiology
MH  - Lymphoma/epidemiology
MH  - Milk, Human/chemistry
MH  - Neoplasms/*chemically induced
MH  - Nervous System Neoplasms/epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Vegetables/chemistry
RF  - 96
EDAT- 2006/09/27 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/23 09:00
CRDT- 2006/09/27 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/09/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - G40T3R1J52063207 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/08035320600886489 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Paediatr Suppl. 2006 Oct;95(453):71-80. doi: 10.1080/08035320600886489.

PMID- 16804908
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20061207
LR  - 20071203
IS  - 0271-3586 (Print)
IS  - 0271-3586 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 9
DP  - 2006 Sep
TI  - Organophosphorus pesticide urinary metabolite levels of children in farmworker 
      households in eastern North Carolina.
PG  - 751-60
AB  - BACKGROUND: Organophosphorus (OP) pesticide urinary metabolite levels in a sample of 
      farmworker children in North Carolina are documented and compared to national 
      reference data. The relative importance of para-occupational, residential, and 
      environment risk factors are delineated. METHODS: Urine samples were collected from 
      60 farmworker children 1-6 years of age, and interviews were completed by their 
      mothers. Urine samples were analyzed for the dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites of 
      OP pesticides. Summed molar concentrations of the diethyl and dimethyl DAP 
      metabolites provided summary measures. RESULTS: The farmworker children had 
      relatively high levels of OP pesticide urinary metabolites compared to national 
      reference data; for example, participating children had higher geometric means for 
      diethylphosphate (DEP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), and the summed diethyl 
      metabolites. However, analyses found no pattern of significant associations between 
      predictors and metabolite levels. CONCLUSIONS: Future research requires greater 
      precision in sampling and measurement to determine the risk factors for pesticide 
      exposure among farmworker children.
FAU - Arcury, Thomas A
AU  - Arcury TA
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest University School of 
      Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1084, USA. tarcury@wfubmc.edu
FAU - Grzywacz, Joseph G
AU  - Grzywacz JG
FAU - Davis, Stephen W
AU  - Davis SW
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Quandt, Sara A
AU  - Quandt SA
LA  - eng
GR  - R25-OH07611/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Ind Med
JT  - American journal of industrial medicine
JID - 8101110
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organothiophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*urine
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - North Carolina/epidemiology
MH  - Organothiophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Parent-Child Relations
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Risk Factors
EDAT- 2006/06/29 09:00
MHDA- 2006/12/09 09:00
CRDT- 2006/06/29 09:00
PHST- 2006/06/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/12/09 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/06/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/ajim.20354 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Ind Med. 2006 Sep;49(9):751-60. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20354.

PMID- 21396636
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110808
LR  - 20110613
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 111
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 Jul
TI  - Pesticide use in banana and plantain production and risk perception among local 
      actors in Talamanca, Costa Rica.
PG  - 708-17
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.009 [doi]
AB  - The Talamanca County in Costa Rica has large-scale banana and small-scale plantain 
      production, probably causing pesticide exposure in indigenous children. We explored 
      to what extent different community actors are aware of children's pesticide hazards 
      and how their awareness related to socio-economical and cultural conditions. Methods 
      comprised eight focus groups with fathers and mothers separately, 27 semi-structured 
      interviews to key actors, and field observations. As a whole, the indigenous 
      plantain farmers and banana plantation workers had some general knowledge of 
      pesticides concerning crop protection, but little on acute health effects, and 
      hardly any on exposure routes and pathways, and chronic effects. People expressed 
      vague ideas about pesticide risks. Inter-community differences were related to 
      pesticide technologies used in banana and plantain production, employment status on 
      a multinational plantation versus smallholder status, and gender. Compared to 
      formalized practices on transnational company plantations, where workers reported to 
      feel protected, pesticide handling by plantain smallholders was not perceived as 
      hazardous and therefore no safety precautions were applied. Large-scale monoculture 
      was perceived as one of the most important problems leading to pesticide risks in 
      Talamanca on banana plantations, and also on neighboring small plantain farms 
      extending into large areas. Plantain farmers have adopted use of highly toxic 
      pesticides following banana production, but in conditions of extreme poverty. Aerial 
      spraying in banana plantations was considered by most social actors a major 
      determinant of exposure for the population living nearby these plantations, 
      including vulnerable children. We observed violations of legally established aerial 
      spraying distances. Economic considerations were most mentioned as the underlying 
      reason for the pesticide use: economic needs to obtain the production quantity and 
      quality, and pressure to use pesticides by other economic agents such as middlemen. 
      Risk perceptions were modulated by factors such as people's tasks and positions in 
      the production process, gender, and people's possibilities to define their own 
      social conditions (more fatalistic perceptions among banana workers). The challenge 
      for the future is to combine these insights into improved health risk assessment and 
      management that is culturally adequate for each particular community and 
      agricultural context.
CI  - Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Barraza, Douglas
AU  - Barraza D
AD  - Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances, Universidad Nacional, 
      Heredia, Costa Rica. dbarraza@una.ac.cr
FAU - Jansen, Kees
AU  - Jansen K
FAU - van Wendel de Joode, Berna
AU  - van Wendel de Joode B
FAU - Wesseling, Catharina
AU  - Wesseling C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20110310
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Agriculture/methods/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Child
MH  - Costa Rica
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Musa
MH  - Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - *Plantago
MH  - *Public Opinion
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
EDAT- 2011/03/15 06:00
MHDA- 2011/08/09 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/15 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/01/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/02/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/08/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(11)00064-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2011 Jul;111(5):708-17. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.009. Epub 2011 
      Mar 10.

PMID- 26347056
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160401
LR  - 20151120
IS  - 1470-7926 (Electronic)
IS  - 1351-0711 (Linking)
VI  - 72
IP  - 12
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Prenatal pesticide exposure and otitis media during early childhood in the PELAGIE 
      mother-child cohort.
PG  - 837-44
LID - 10.1136/oemed-2015-103039 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Contemporary pesticides, such as triazines or organophosphates, possess 
      immunotoxic properties. We aimed to determine whether prenatal environmental 
      exposure to these current-use pesticides was associated with otitis media (OM) 
      during the first 2 years of life among children from the PELAGIE mother-child 
      cohort. METHODS: The PELAGIE cohort enrolled 3421 women at the beginning of 
      pregnancy in Brittany (France). At the 2-year follow-up, 1505 families completed a 
      self-administered questionnaire, including the domestic use of pesticides and 
      consumption of organic diet during pregnancy and occurrences of OM in the child. Two 
      health outcomes were considered: at least one OM and recurrent OM (at least three). 
      Multivariate logistic regression models that adjusted for known risk factors of OM 
      were performed. Metabolites of triazine herbicides and organophosphate insecticides 
      measured in urine collected before the 19th week of gestation (248 mothers) were 
      considered in a subgroup analysis. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing 
      values for the covariates. RESULTS: Children whose mothers reported an organic diet 
      during pregnancy had a reduced risk of OM (at least one episode, p trend=0.01). No 
      association was found between any outcome and residential proximity to crops. The 
      presence in maternal urine of dealkylated triazine metabolites (OR=2.12 (1.01 to 
      4.47)) was positively associated with recurrent OM. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our 
      knowledge, this is the first work to suggest a positive association between prenatal 
      exposure to current-use pesticides and the occurrence of parent-reported OM in young 
      children.
CI  - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not 
      already granted under a licence) please go to 
      http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
FAU - Buscail, Camille
AU  - Buscail C
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France.
FAU - Chevrier, Cécile
AU  - Chevrier C
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France.
FAU - Serrano, Tania
AU  - Serrano T
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France.
FAU - Pelé, Fabienne
AU  - Pelé F
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France Department of Epidemiology and 
      Public Health, University Hospital, Rennes, France.
FAU - Monfort, Christine
AU  - Monfort C
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France.
FAU - Cordier, Sylvaine
AU  - Cordier S
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France.
FAU - Viel, Jean-François
AU  - Viel JF
AD  - INSERM-IRSET n°1085, Epidemiological Research on Environment, Reproduction and 
      Development, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France Department of Epidemiology and 
      Public Health, University Hospital, Rennes, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150907
PL  - England
TA  - Occup Environ Med
JT  - Occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 9422759
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers/urine
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Herbicides/adverse effects/urine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Insecticides/adverse effects/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - Otitis Media/*chemically induced
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*chemically induced
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2015/09/09 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/02 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/09 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - oemed-2015-103039 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/oemed-2015-103039 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Occup Environ Med. 2015 Dec;72(12):837-44. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2015-103039. Epub 2015 
      Sep 7.

PMID- 27693118
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170801
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1618-131X (Electronic)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Print)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Linking)
VI  - 219
IP  - 8
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia in an 
      Italian community.
PG  - 742-748
LID - S1438-4639(16)30357-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.015 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Exposure to pesticides has been suggested as a risk factor for childhood 
      leukemia, but definitive evidence on this relation and the specific pesticides 
      involved is still not clear. OBJECTIVE: We carried out a population-based 
      case-control study in a Northern Italy community to assess the possible relation 
      between passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of acute childhood 
      leukemia. METHODS: We assessed passive pesticide exposure of 111 childhood leukemia 
      cases and 444 matched controls by determining density and type of agricultural land 
      use within a 100-m radius buffer around children's homes. We focused on four common 
      crop types, arable, orchard, vineyard and vegetable, characterized by the use of 
      specific pesticides that are potentially involved in childhood induced leukemia. The 
      use of these pesticides was validated within the present study. We computed the odds 
      ratios (OR) of the disease and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to type 
      and density of crops around the children's homes, also taking into account traffic 
      pollution and high-voltage power line magnetic field exposure. RESULTS: Childhood 
      leukemia risk did not increase in relation with any of the crop types with the 
      exception of arable crops, characterized by the use of 2.4-D, MCPA, glyphosate, 
      dicamba, triazine and cypermethrin. The very few children (n=11) residing close to 
      arable crops had an OR for childhood leukemia of 2.04 (95% CI 0.50-8.35), and such 
      excess risk was further enhanced among children aged <5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Despite 
      the null association with most crop types and the statistical imprecision of the 
      estimates, the increased leukemia risk among children residing close to arable crops 
      indicates the need to further investigate the involvement in disease etiology of 
      passive exposure to herbicides and pyrethroids, though such exposure is unlikely to 
      play a role in the vast majority of cases.
CI  - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Malagoli, Carlotta
AU  - Malagoli C
AD  - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, 
      Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and 
      Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
FAU - Costanzini, Sofia
AU  - Costanzini S
AD  - Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Heck, Julia E
AU  - Heck JE
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Box 951772, Los 
      Angeles, CA, United States.
FAU - Malavolti, Marcella
AU  - Malavolti M
AD  - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, 
      Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and 
      Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
FAU - De Girolamo, Gianfranco
AU  - De Girolamo G
AD  - Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Communication, Local Health Unit of Modena, Modena, 
      Italy.
FAU - Oleari, Paola
AU  - Oleari P
AD  - Information and Communication Technology Department, Local Health Unit of Reggio 
      Emilia and IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
FAU - Palazzi, Giovanni
AU  - Palazzi G
AD  - Division of Pediatric Oncology-Hematology, Policlinico Hospital, Modena, Italy.
FAU - Teggi, Sergio
AU  - Teggi S
AD  - Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 
      Modena, Italy.
FAU - Vinceti, Marco
AU  - Vinceti M
AD  - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, 
      Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and 
      Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. Electronic address: marco.vinceti@unimore.it.
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 CA175959/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160921
TA  - Int J Hyg Environ Health
JT  - International journal of hygiene and environmental health
JID - 100898843
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Italy/epidemiology
MH  - Leukemia/*epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC5086430
MID - NIHMS820314
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Childhood leukemia
OT  - *Crop density
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Rural area
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest
EDAT- 2016/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/02 06:00
CRDT- 2016/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/09/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/09/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1438-4639(16)30357-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016 Nov;219(8):742-748. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.015. 
      Epub 2016 Sep 21.

PMID- 16676903
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060518
LR  - 20191109
IS  - 0179-5953 (Print)
IS  - 0179-5953 (Linking)
VI  - 186
DP  - 2006
TI  - Pesticide exposure monitoring databases in applied risk analysis.
PG  - 107-32
AB  - Faced with the need to evaluate under what conditions chemicals can be used with 
      "reasonable certainty of no harm" to workers and consumers, industry and government 
      agencies have embraced quantitative risk analysis as a science-based approach for 
      product development, regulatory evaluations, and associated risk management decision 
      making. Beginning in the 1990s, a variety of industry-sponsored task forces have 
      been formed to develop exposure-related data to support safety evaluations for 
      pesticide chemicals used in agricultural, industrial, institutional, residential, 
      and other settings. Human exposure assessment and the underlying data (e.g., 
      personal exposure and biological monitoring measurements, media-specific residue 
      measurements, product use, and time-activity information) represent a critical 
      component of the risk assessment process and a rapidly advancing science. While task 
      forces have been created to develop databases for supporting the continued safe use 
      of products, the development of these databases has served to advance general 
      understanding of the basic principles underlying exposure assessment methodology and 
      thereby provide the basis for improved science-based risk management by both 
      industry and government. Given that developing chemical-specific data for every 
      product use pattern and associated worker or consumer exposure scenario (e.g., 
      professional mixer, loader and applicator activities associated with the use of a 
      low-pressure sprayer, consumer residential lawn application via a ready-to-use 
      hose-end sprayer product) is prohibitively expensive and time consuming, alternative 
      approaches have been developed based upon meta-analyses and generalizations derived 
      from databases of exposure monitoring studies for multiple chemicals, sorted by 
      significant exposure covariates such as formulation type, method of application, 
      amount of active ingredient applied, site of application, protective equipment and 
      clothing, and task or activity. These generalizations can be used for predictive 
      exposure analyses and have clearly demonstrated the value of "generic databases." 
      Although data in these databases and associated generalizations are subject to 
      interpretation, e.g., during the regulatory decision-making processes, and may be 
      used in conjunction with additional considerations or assessment methods that result 
      in conservative biases, the role of generic databases for risk management decision 
      making, and advancing the science of applied exposure analysis continues to be 
      realized.
FAU - Ross, J H
AU  - Ross JH
AD  - Infoscientific.com, Inc., 5233 Marimoore Way Carmichael, CA 95608, USA.
FAU - Driver, J H
AU  - Driver JH
FAU - Lunchick, C
AU  - Lunchick C
FAU - Wible, C
AU  - Wible C
FAU - Selman, F
AU  - Selman F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Rev Environ Contam Toxicol
JT  - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology
JID - 8703602
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - *Databases, Factual
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Risk
RF  - 88
EDAT- 2006/05/09 09:00
MHDA- 2006/05/19 09:00
CRDT- 2006/05/09 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/05/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/05/09 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/0-387-32883-1_4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2006;186:107-32. doi: 10.1007/0-387-32883-1_4.

PMID- 12003762
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20020625
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 110
IP  - 5
DP  - 2002 May
TI  - Children's exposure to chlorpyrifos and parathion in an agricultural community in 
      central Washington State.
PG  - 549-53
AB  - We measured two diethyl organophosphorus (OP) pesticides--chlorpyrifos and 
      parathion--in residences, and their metabolic by-products, in the urine of children 
      6 years old or younger in a central Washington State agricultural community. 
      Exposures to two dimethyl OP pesticides (azinphos-methyl and phosmet) in this same 
      population have been reported previously. We categorized children by parental 
      occupation and by household proximity to pesticide-treated farmland. Median 
      chlorpyrifos house dust concentrations were highest for the 49 applicator homes (0.4 
      microg/g), followed by the 12 farm-worker homes (0.3 microg/g) and the 14 
      nonagricultural reference homes (0.1 microg/g), and were statistically different (p 
      < 0.001); we observed a similar pattern for parathion in house dust. Chlorpyrifos 
      was measurable in the house dust of all homes, whereas we found parathion in only 
      41% of the homes. Twenty-four percent of the urine samples from study children had 
      measurable 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) concentrations [limits of quantitation 
      (LOQ) = 8 microg/L], and 7% had measurable 4-nitrophenol concentrations (LOQ = 9 
      microg/L). Child urinary metabolite concentrations did not differ across parental 
      occupational classifications. Homes in close proximity (200 ft/60 m) to 
      pesticide-treated farmland had higher chlorpyrifos (p = 0.01) and parathion (p = 
      0.014) house dust concentrations than did homes farther away, but this effect was 
      not reflected in the urinary metabolite data. Use of OP pesticides in the garden was 
      associated with an increase in TCPy concentrations in children's urine. Parathion 
      concentrations in house dust decreased 10-fold from 1992 to 1995, consistent with 
      the discontinued use of this product in the region in the early 1990s.
FAU - Fenske, Richard A
AU  - Fenske RA
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 
      University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7234, USA. rfenske@u.washington.edu
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
FAU - Barr, Dana
AU  - Barr D
FAU - Needham, Larry
AU  - Needham L
LA  - eng
GR  - U07/CCU012926/CC/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 61G466064D (Parathion)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
CIN - Environ Health Perspect. 2002 May;110(5):A257. PMID: 12014380
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/adverse effects/*analysis/urine
MH  - Dust
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Insecticides/adverse effects/*analysis/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - Occupations
MH  - Parathion/adverse effects/*analysis/urine
MH  - Washington
PMC - PMC1240847
EDAT- 2002/05/11 10:00
MHDA- 2002/06/26 10:01
CRDT- 2002/05/11 10:00
PHST- 2002/05/11 10:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/06/26 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2002/05/11 10:00 [entrez]
AID - sc271_5_1835 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.02110549 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2002 May;110(5):549-53. doi: 10.1289/ehp.02110549.

PMID- 21461739
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110628
LR  - 20110426
IS  - 1432-0800 (Electronic)
IS  - 0007-4861 (Linking)
VI  - 86
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 May
TI  - Pesticide residues in some commodities: dietary risk for children.
PG  - 506-10
LID - 10.1007/s00128-011-0250-y [doi]
AB  - The objective of this study was to identify pesticides found in infants' and 
      children's diets. Fruits and vegetables were collected from 2004 to 2007 and 
      analyzed using a multiresidue method. The most frequently detected residues were 
      procymidone, captan, chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil. Twenty-eight percent of the 
      samples contained pesticide residues. Strawberry, pear, apple, peach and tomato 
      contained pesticide levels of concern. Twenty-one pesticides were found with the 
      estimated total mean daily intake greater than the acceptable daily intake for four 
      of the pesticides. Residues of carbaryl, diazinon and methidathion exceeded 
      regulatory levels in (apple, strawberry, and orange).
CI  - © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
FAU - Gebara, A B
AU  - Gebara AB
AD  - Reference Laboratory of Pesticide in Food, Biological Institute, Av. Conselheiro 
      Rodrigues Alves, 1252, 04014-002 São Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Ciscato, C H P
AU  - Ciscato CH
FAU - Monteiro, S H
AU  - Monteiro SH
FAU - Souza, G S
AU  - Souza GS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110402
PL  - United States
TA  - Bull Environ Contam Toxicol
JT  - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology
JID - 0046021
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Food Analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
EDAT- 2011/04/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/29 06:00
CRDT- 2011/04/05 06:00
PHST- 2010/08/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/03/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/04/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/04/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00128-011-0250-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 May;86(5):506-10. doi: 10.1007/s00128-011-0250-y. 
      Epub 2011 Apr 2.

PMID- 12679790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030805
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 1053-4245 (Print)
IS  - 1053-4245 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2
DP  - 2003 Mar
TI  - Distributions, associations, and partial aggregate exposure of pesticides and 
      polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure 
      Study (MNCPES).
PG  - 100-11
AB  - The Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES) provides exposure, 
      environmental, and biologic data relating to multipathway exposures of children for 
      four primary pesticides (chlorpyrifos, malathion, diazinon, and atrazine), 14 
      secondary pesticides, and 13 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Monitoring 
      was performed on a probability-based sample of 102 children aged 3-12 in 
      Minneapolis/St. Paul and in a nearby rural area (Goodhue and Rice counties). This 
      paper provides estimated distributions of this population's exposures and 
      exposure-related measurements and examines associations among the various measures 
      via rank (Spearman) correlations. In addition, it provides some aggregate and 
      cumulative exposure estimates for pesticides, and compares the relative intakes from 
      inhalation and dietary ingestion. Intakes for the four primary pesticides appeared 
      to come principally from the ingestion rather than the inhalation route; this was 
      clearly true for chlorpyrifos but was less certain for the other three primary 
      pesticides because of their higher degree of nondetects. Solid food rather than 
      beverages was clearly the main contributor to the ingestion intake. Despite the 
      dominance of the ingestion route, the urinary metabolite of chlorpyrifos exhibited a 
      stronger association with the air measurements than with the dietary measures. 
      Personal-air samples exhibited strong rank correlations with indoor air samples for 
      chlorpyrifos, malathion, and diazinon (0.81, 0.51, and 0.62, respectively), while 
      personal-air atrazine levels correlated well with outdoor levels (0.69); 
      personal-air diazinon levels also correlated well with outdoor levels (0.67). For 
      the PAHs, many significant associations were evident among the various air samples 
      and for the air samples with the dust samples, especially for those compounds with 
      consistently high percent measurable values (particularly fluoranthene, 
      phenanthrene, and pyrene).
FAU - Andrew Clayton, C
AU  - Andrew Clayton C
AD  - RTI International, Cox Building, PO Box 12194, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research 
      Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. clayton@rti.org
FAU - Pellizzari, Edo D
AU  - Pellizzari ED
FAU - Whitmore, Roy W
AU  - Whitmore RW
FAU - Quackenboss, James J
AU  - Quackenboss JJ
FAU - Adgate, John
AU  - Adgate J
FAU - Sefton, Ken
AU  - Sefton K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology
JID - 9111438
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diet
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Epidemiologic Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Minnesota/epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Urban Population
EDAT- 2003/04/08 05:00
MHDA- 2003/08/06 05:00
CRDT- 2003/04/08 05:00
PHST- 2003/04/08 05:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/08/06 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/04/08 05:00 [entrez]
AID - 7500261 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500261 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2003 Mar;13(2):100-11. doi: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500261.

PMID- 24594649
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150511
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1559-064X (Electronic)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Print)
IS  - 1559-0631 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 Sep-Oct
TI  - Variability in the take-home pathway: farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their 
      children.
PG  - 522-31
LID - 10.1038/jes.2014.12 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are related to ill health among adults, including 
      farmworkers who are exposed to OPs as part of their regular work. Children of both 
      farmworkers and non-farmworkers in agricultural communities may also be affected by 
      pesticide exposure. Study groups of 100 farmworkers with a referent child (aged 2-6 
      years) and 100 non-farmworkers with a referent child were recruited to participate 
      in three data collection periods over the course of a year. At each collection, 
      participants provided three urine samples within 5 days, and homes and vehicles were 
      vacuumed to collect pesticide residues in dust. In thinning and harvest seasons, 
      farmworkers and their children had higher dimethyl urinary metabolites than 
      non-farmworkers and their children. During the non-spray season, the urinary 
      metabolites levels decreased among farmworkers to a level comparable to that of 
      non-farmworkers. Farmworkers consistently had higher pesticide residues in their 
      home and vehicle dust. Differences exist between farmworkers and non-farmworkers in 
      urinary metabolites, and the differences extended throughout the agricultural 
      seasons.OP metabolites are seen at much higher levels for farmworkers and their 
      children than for non-farmworkers and their children during agricultural seasons 
      when OPs are in use. These metabolite levels were significantly higher than the 
      nationwide NHANES IV survey and up to 10-fold higher than other rural agricultural 
      studies.
FAU - Thompson, Beti
AU  - Thompson B
AD  - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
FAU - Griffith, William C
AU  - Griffith WC
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, 
      Georgia, USA.
FAU - Coronado, Gloria D
AU  - Coronado GD
AD  - The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, USA.
FAU - Vigoren, Eric M
AU  - Vigoren EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
FAU - Faustman, Elaine M
AU  - Faustman EM
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of 
      Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES09601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20140305
TA  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
JID - 101262796
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PMC - PMC4141015
MID - NIHMS582585
COIS- The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.
EDAT- 2014/03/07 06:00
MHDA- 2015/05/12 06:00
CRDT- 2014/03/06 06:00
PHST- 2013/04/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/03/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/03/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/05/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - jes201412 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/jes.2014.12 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Sep-Oct;24(5):522-31. doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.12. 
      Epub 2014 Mar 5.

PMID- 32333353
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200710
LR  - 20200710
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 18
DP  - 2020 Jun
TI  - Occupational exposure to pesticides and associated health effects among greenhouse 
      farm workers.
PG  - 22251-22270
LID - 10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9 [doi]
AB  - The number and production capacities of greenhouse farms have been increased across 
      the globe, driven by an effort for addressing food security problems related to the 
      rapid population growth and the effects of climate change. As a result, there was a 
      large increase in the number of greenhouse farm workers who are typically involved 
      in chemical preparations and pesticide sprayings, crop harvesting, and greenhouse 
      maintenance activities. Considering the enclosed architecture of the greenhouse farm 
      design and the frequent application of pesticides, the objective of this review was 
      to characterize pesticide exposure levels and resultant health effects among 
      greenhouse farm workers. While most health assessment studies were mainly based on 
      self-reported symptoms, this review showed limited epidemiological and clinical 
      studies on the assessment of the health effects of pesticide exposure on greenhouse 
      workers' health. Reproductive disorders, respiratory symptoms, neurological 
      symptoms, and skin irritations were the most reported health effects among 
      greenhouse farm workers. Additionally, there were limited studies on respirable 
      pesticide-borne fine and ultrafine particulate matters in greenhouse farms. 
      Ventilation systems and indoor environmental conditions of greenhouse farms were not 
      designed according to specifications of the American Society of Heating, 
      Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Among recommendations 
      provided, long-term exposure assessments of pesticide effects on children born by 
      greenhouse farm workers should be considered in future research. Also, compliance 
      with ASHRAE indoor ventilation and environmental standards will be very important in 
      reducing pesticide exposure and health effects among greenhouse farm workers.
FAU - Amoatey, Patrick
AU  - Amoatey P
AD  - Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan 
      Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
FAU - Al-Mayahi, Ahmed
AU  - Al-Mayahi A
AD  - Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, 
      Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of 
      Oman.
FAU - Omidvarborna, Hamid
AU  - Omidvarborna H
AD  - Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan 
      Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
AD  - Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Department of Civil and Environmental 
      Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, 
      Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
FAU - Baawain, Mahad Said
AU  - Baawain MS
AD  - Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan 
      Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. 
      msab@squ.edu.om.
FAU - Sulaiman, Hameed
AU  - Sulaiman H
AD  - Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, 
      Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
LA  - eng
GR  - CR/ENG/CAED/16/04/Sultan Qaboos University (OM)/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200425
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agricultural Workers' Diseases
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Farmers
MH  - Farms
MH  - Humans
MH  - Occupational Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Greenhouse farms
OT  - Health effects
OT  - Indoor environmental quality
OT  - Occupational exposure
EDAT- 2020/04/26 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/11 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/26 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/26 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(18):22251-22270. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

PMID- 22776325
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121019
LR  - 20120813
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 117
DP  - 2012 Aug
TI  - Long term exposure to organochlorine pesticides and thyroid function in children 
      from Cidade dos Meninos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PG  - 68-74
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2012.06.009 [doi]
AB  - A pesticide factory in Cidade dos Meninos village, Duque de Caxias County, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil, ended its activity in 1961, leading to widespread contamination of 
      the environment by several organochlorine pesticides. The aim of this study was to 
      investigate the effects of chronic exposure to organochlorine pesticides on thyroid 
      hormone levels in children residing in Cidade dos Meninos. In a population-based 
      survey carried out between 2003 and 2004, serum concentration of 19 pesticides and 
      levels of free thyroxine (T4), total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-stimulating 
      hormone (TSH) were determined in 193 children younger than 15 years old. 
      Multivariate linear regression was conducted to examine thyroid hormone levels 
      according to quintiles of organochlorine exposure, controlling for age, gender and 
      serum lipid content. Free T4 and TSH levels were within reference values (0.7-1.8 
      ng/dl and 0.35-5.5 mU/l), whereas total T3 was above the reference range (80-180 
      ng/dl) in 28% of children. More than 60% of the children had detectable levels of 
      most organochlorine pesticides. With the exception of heptachlor and methoxychlor, 
      total T3 levels showed a significant increasing linear trend regardless of pesticide 
      type to which children were exposed. Free T4 levels were positively and 
      significantly associated only with exposure to p,p'-DDD, endosulfan 1, and dieldrin. 
      No significant trend was found for TSH. Data showed that exposure of children to 
      organochlorine pesticides produced a significant increase in serum total T3 
      concentrations. The clinical implications of such a total T3 elevation and 
      subsequent development are uncertain and warrant the need for health monitoring of 
      these children.
CI  - Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Freire, Carmen
AU  - Freire C
AD  - National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, 
      Brazil. cfreire@ugr.es
FAU - Koifman, Rosalina Jorge
AU  - Koifman RJ
FAU - Sarcinelli, Paula
AU  - Sarcinelli P
FAU - Rosa, Ana Cristina
AU  - Rosa AC
FAU - Clapauch, Ruth
AU  - Clapauch R
FAU - Koifman, Sergio
AU  - Koifman S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20120707
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Thyroid Hormones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Brazil
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/blood/*toxicity
MH  - Infant
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Pesticides/blood/*toxicity
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Thyroid Function Tests
MH  - Thyroid Gland/*drug effects
MH  - Thyroid Hormones/*blood
MH  - Urban Population
EDAT- 2012/07/11 06:00
MHDA- 2012/10/20 06:00
CRDT- 2012/07/11 06:00
PHST- 2011/10/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2012/06/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2012/06/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2012/07/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/07/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/10/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(12)00192-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2012.06.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2012 Aug;117:68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.06.009. Epub 2012 Jul 7.

PMID- 23937986
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131115
LR  - 20130909
IS  - 1873-5835 (Electronic)
IS  - 0145-2126 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 10
DP  - 2013 Oct
TI  - Can pesticide exposure cause childhood leukemia?
PG  - 1189-90
LID - S0145-2126(13)00270-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.027 [doi]
FAU - Ding, Guodong
AU  - Ding G
FAU - Bao, Yixiao
AU  - Bao Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Editorial
DEP - 20130812
PL  - England
TA  - Leuk Res
JT  - Leukemia research
JID - 7706787
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia/*etiology
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cause
OT  - Children
OT  - Exposure
OT  - Leukemia
OT  - Pesticide
EDAT- 2013/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2013/11/16 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/07/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/11/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0145-2126(13)00270-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.027 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Leuk Res. 2013 Oct;37(10):1189-90. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.027. Epub 2013 Aug 
      12.

PMID- 21695029
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111014
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Apr
TI  - Determinants of organophosphorus pesticide urinary metabolite levels in young 
      children living in an agricultural community.
PG  - 1061-83
LID - 10.3390/ijerph8041061 [doi]
AB  - Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are used in agriculture and several are registered 
      for home use. As young children age they may experience different pesticide 
      exposures due to varying diet, behavior, and other factors. We measured six OP 
      dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites (three dimethyl alkylphosphates (DMAP) and three 
      diethyl alkylphosphates (DEAP)) in urine samples collected from ~400 children living 
      in an agricultural community when they were 6, 12, and 24 months old. We examined 
      bivariate associations between DAP metabolite levels and determinants such as age, 
      diet, season, and parent occupation. To evaluate independent impacts, we then used 
      generalized linear mixed multivariable models including interaction terms with age. 
      The final models indicated that DMAP metabolite levels increased with age. DMAP 
      levels were also positively associated with daily servings of produce at 6- and 
      24-months. Among the 6-month olds, DMAP metabolite levels were higher when samples 
      were collected during the summer/spring versus the winter/fall months. Among the 
      12-month olds, DMAP and DEAP metabolites were higher when children lived ≤ 60 meters 
      from an agricultural field. Among the 24-month-olds, DEAP metabolite levels were 
      higher during the summer/spring months. Our findings suggest that there are multiple 
      determinants of OP pesticide exposures, notably dietary intake and temporal and 
      spatial proximity to agricultural use. The impact of these determinants varied by 
      age and class of DAP metabolite.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, School of Public Health, 
      University of California at Berkeley, 1995 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94720, 
      USA. abradman@berkeley.edu
FAU - Castorina, Rosemary
AU  - Castorina R
FAU - Barr, Dana Boyd
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Chevrier, Jonathan
AU  - Chevrier J
FAU - Harnly, Martha E
AU  - Harnly ME
FAU - Eisen, Ellen A
AU  - Eisen EA
FAU - McKone, Thomas E
AU  - McKone TE
FAU - Harley, Kim
AU  - Harley K
FAU - Holland, Nina
AU  - Holland N
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RD 83171001/RD/ORD VA/United States
GR  - RD 876709/RD/ORD VA/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20110408
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Organothiophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 598-02-7 (diethyl phosphate)
RN  - HI4K2C9UEI (dimethyl phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child Behavior
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diet/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/urine
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*urine
MH  - Organothiophosphorus Compounds/urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3118878
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *agriculture
OT  - *biomarkers
OT  - *children
OT  - *diet
OT  - *exposure
OT  - *organophosphorus
OT  - *pesticides
EDAT- 2011/06/23 06:00
MHDA- 2011/10/15 06:00
CRDT- 2011/06/23 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/03/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/06/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/10/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph8041061 [pii]
AID - ijerph-08-01061 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph8041061 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Apr;8(4):1061-83. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8041061. 
      Epub 2011 Apr 8.

PMID- 29658108
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190204
LR  - 20190215
IS  - 1097-0215 (Electronic)
IS  - 0020-7136 (Print)
IS  - 0020-7136 (Linking)
VI  - 143
IP  - 6
DP  - 2018 Sep 15
TI  - Maternal residential pesticide use and risk of childhood leukemia in Costa Rica.
PG  - 1295-1304
LID - 10.1002/ijc.31522 [doi]
AB  - Evidence suggests that early-life exposure to pesticides inside the home may be 
      associated with childhood leukemia, however data from Latin American countries are 
      limited. We examined whether self-reported maternal residential pesticide use and 
      nearby pesticide applications-before and after child's birth-were associated with 
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Costa Rican Childhood Leukemia Study 
      (CRCLS), a population-based case-control study (2001-2003). Cases (n = 251 ALL) were 
      diagnosed between 1995 and 2000 (age <15 years at diagnosis) and were identified 
      through the Costa Rican Cancer Registry and National Children's Hospital. Population 
      controls (n = 577) were drawn from the National Birth Registry. We fitted 
      unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for child sex, birth year, and 
      socioeconomic status to estimate the exposure-outcome associations and also 
      stratified by child sex. We observed that self-reported maternal insecticide use 
      inside the home in the year before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and while 
      breastfeeding was associated with increased odds of ALL among boys [adjusted Odds 
      Ratio (aOR) = 1.63 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.05-2.53), 1.75 (1.13-2.73), 
      and 1.75 (1.12-2.73), respectively. We also found evidence of exposure-response 
      relationships between more frequent maternal insecticide use inside the home and 
      increased odds of ALL among boys and girls combined. Maternal report of pesticide 
      applications on farms or companies near the home during pregnancy and at any time 
      period were also associated with ALL. Our study in Costa Rica highlights the need 
      for education to minimize pesticide exposures inside and around the home, 
      particularly during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
CI  - © 2018 The Authors International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons 
      Ltd on behalf of UICC.
FAU - Hyland, Carly
AU  - Hyland C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6840-2351
AD  - Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad 
      Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
FAU - Gunier, Robert B
AU  - Gunier RB
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
FAU - Metayer, Catherine
AU  - Metayer C
AD  - Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, 
      Berkeley, CA.
FAU - Bates, Michael N
AU  - Bates MN
AD  - Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of 
      California, Berkeley, CA.
FAU - Wesseling, Catharina
AU  - Wesseling C
AD  - Department of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), 
      Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
FAU - Mora, Ana M
AU  - Mora AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2008-9714
AD  - Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad 
      Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
AD  - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public 
      Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180426
TA  - Int J Cancer
JT  - International journal of cancer
JID - 0042124
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Costa Rica/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/*chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced/*epidemiology
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Social Class
PMC - PMC6099525
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Costa Rica
OT  - *childhood cancer
OT  - *leukemia
OT  - *pesticides
EDAT- 2018/04/17 06:00
MHDA- 2019/02/05 06:00
CRDT- 2018/04/17 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/02/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/04/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - IJC31522 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/ijc.31522 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Cancer. 2018 Sep 15;143(6):1295-1304. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31522. Epub 2018 Apr 
      26.

PMID- 21636082
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110926
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Print)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 111
IP  - 6
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Organophosphate pesticide metabolite levels in pre-school children in an 
      agricultural community: within- and between-child variability in a longitudinal 
      study.
PG  - 751-6
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.008 [doi]
AB  - This study characterized the within- and between-child variability in 
      dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) levels in the urine of 44 children living in an 
      agricultural community in central Washington State in December 1997 and 1999. The 
      goal of this analysis was to investigate these variability components during periods 
      when organophosphate pesticides were and were not actively applied to orchards in 
      that community. Each child provided between 10 and 26 biweekly urine samples over a 
      21-month period, and these samples were analyzed for six dialkylphosphate (DAP) 
      metabolites common to organophosphate pesticides, including DMTP. Previous analysis 
      of this dataset found that DAP concentrations were elevated during months when 
      organophosphate pesticides were applied to orchards in this region. The current 
      analysis demonstrates that the within-child component of day-to-day variability was 
      much greater than the between-child component of variability by a factor of 3-7 
      across the DAP metabolites that were analyzed. Therefore, organophosphate pesticide 
      exposure appeared to vary more than 3 times from day-to-day than from 
      child-to-child. This finding has important implications for epidemiologic and 
      exposure pathways research, since accounting for within-child variability may 
      increase the power of a study and allow for the detection of differences that would 
      not otherwise be possible without an analysis that separates out the within-child 
      variability.
CI  - Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Griffith, W
AU  - Griffith W
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7234, USA.
FAU - Curl, C L
AU  - Curl CL
FAU - Fenske, R A
AU  - Fenske RA
FAU - Lu, C A
AU  - Lu CA
FAU - Vigoren, E M
AU  - Vigoren EM
FAU - Faustman, E M
AU  - Faustman EM
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U07/CCU012926/PHS HHS/United States
GR  - P01ES09601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20110602
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*metabolism/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*metabolism/*urine
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Washington
PMC - PMC3726011
MID - NIHMS297372
COIS- Competing interest None.
EDAT- 2011/06/04 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2011/06/04 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/04/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/05/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0013-9351(11)00125-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2011 Aug;111(6):751-6. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.008. Epub 2011 Jun 
      2.

PMID- 28283128
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180503
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 2214-9996 (Electronic)
IS  - 2214-9996 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 5
DP  - 2016 Sep-Oct
TI  - Predictors of Detected Organophosphorus Pesticides Among Orang Asli Children Living 
      in Malaysia.
PG  - 770-778
LID - S2214-9996(16)30783-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.10.008 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Increasing use of pesticides in agriculture to control pest may result 
      in permanent damage to the environment and consequently cause harmful health 
      problems especially among infant and children. Due to pesticide's natural toxicity 
      and its widespread use, it causes a serious threat to public health especially to 
      this vulnerable group. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the 
      organophosphorus pesticide urinary metabolite levels and its predictors among Orang 
      Asli children of the Mah Meri tribe living in an agricultural island in Kuala 
      Langat, Selangor. METHODS: Data collection was carried out at an island in Kuala 
      Langat, Selangor, where a total of 180 Orang Asli children of the Mah Meri tribe 
      voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected via a validated, modified 
      questionnaire. Urinary organophosphate metabolites, namely dimethylphosphate, 
      diethylphosphate, dimethylthiophosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, 
      diethylthiophosphate, and diethyldithiophosphate were measured to assess 
      organophosphate pesticide exposure in children. FINDINGS: Eighty-four (46.7%) of the 
      respondents were positive for urine dialkyl phosphate metabolites. In multivariable 
      analysis, children who frequently consumed apples had 4 times higher risk of 
      pesticide detection than those who consumed apple less frequently. In addition, 
      those who frequently ate cucumbers had 4 times higher risk for pesticide detection 
      than those who ate cucumbers less frequently. Children with a father whose 
      occupation involved high exposure to pesticides (agriculture) had 3 times higher 
      risk of pesticide detection than those with a father in a low-risk occupation 
      (nonagriculture). CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of the children (46.7%) in the study area 
      tested positive for urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolite levels. Most of the 
      metabolite levels were equal to or higher than that reported in other previous 
      studies. Major factors associated with pesticide detection in children in this study 
      were frequent intake of apple and cucumber and fathers who are working in an 
      agricultural area.
CI  - Copyright © 2016 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Mat Sutris, Juliana
AU  - Mat Sutris J
AD  - Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 
      Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Md Isa, Zaleha
AU  - Md Isa Z
AD  - Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 
      Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: zms@ppukm.ukm.edu.my.
FAU - Sumeri, Siti Arfah
AU  - Sumeri SA
AD  - Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 
      Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Ghazi, Hasanain Faisal
AU  - Ghazi HF
AD  - Community Medicine Unit, International Medical School, Management and Science 
      University, Selangor, Malaysia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann Glob Health
JT  - Annals of global health
JID - 101620864
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Biomarkers/urine
MH  - Child
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Malaysia/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphate Poisoning/*epidemiology/urine
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/adverse effects/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Mah Meri
OT  - *Malaysia
OT  - *OP dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites
OT  - *Orang Asli
OT  - *children
OT  - *organophosphorus (OP) pesticides
OT  - *predictors
EDAT- 2017/03/12 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/04 06:00
CRDT- 2017/03/12 06:00
PHST- 2017/03/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/03/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - S2214-9996(16)30783-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.10.008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Glob Health. 2016 Sep-Oct;82(5):770-778. doi: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.10.008.

PMID- 25260164
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150209
LR  - 20141203
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 502
DP  - 2015 Jan 1
TI  - Health risk for children and adults consuming apples with pesticide residue.
PG  - 184-98
LID - S0048-9697(14)01336-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.026 [doi]
AB  - The presence of pesticide residues in apples raises serious health concerns, 
      especially when the fresh fruits are consumed by children, particularly vulnerable 
      to the pesticide hazards. This study demonstrates the results from nine years of 
      investigation (2005-2013) of 696 samples of Polish apples for 182 pesticides using 
      gas and liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric techniques. Only 33.5% of the 
      samples did not contain residues above the limit of detection. In 66.5% of the 
      samples, 34 pesticides were detected, of which maximum residue level (MRL) was 
      exceeded in 3%. Multiple residues were present in 35% of the samples with two to six 
      pesticides, and one sample contained seven compounds. A study of the health risk for 
      children, adults and the general population consuming apples with these pesticides 
      was performed. The pesticide residue data have been combined with the consumption of 
      apples in the 97.5 percentile and the mean diet. A deterministic model was used to 
      assess the chronic and acute exposures that are based on the average and high 
      concentrations of residues. Additionally, the "worst-case scenario" and "optimistic 
      case scenario" were used to assess the chronic risk. In certain cases, the total 
      dietary pesticide intake calculated from the residue levels observed in apples 
      exceeds the toxicological criteria. Children were the group most exposed to the 
      pesticides, and the greatest short-term hazard stemmed from flusilazole at 624%, 
      dimethoate at 312%, tebuconazole at 173%, and chlorpyrifos methyl and captan with 
      104% Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) each. In the cumulative chronic exposure, among the 
      17 groups of compounds studied, organophosphate insecticides constituted 99% 
      acceptable daily intake (ADI). The results indicate that the occurrence of pesticide 
      residues in apples could not be considered a serious public health problem. 
      Nevertheless, an investigation into continuous monitoring and tighter regulation of 
      pesticide residues is recommended.
CI  - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lozowicka, Bozena
AU  - Lozowicka B
AD  - Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Laboratory of Pesticide 
      Residues, Chełmońskiego 22, Bialystok PL 15195, Poland. Electronic address: 
      B.Lozowicka@iorpib.poznan.pl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140926
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Malus
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apples
OT  - Dietary exposure
OT  - Pesticide residues
EDAT- 2014/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2015/02/11 06:00
CRDT- 2014/09/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/09/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/09/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/09/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/02/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(14)01336-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.026 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jan 1;502:184-98. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.026. Epub 
      2014 Sep 26.

PMID- 32846350
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201223
LR  - 20201223
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 749
DP  - 2020 Dec 20
TI  - Longitudinal exposure to pyrethroids (3-PBA and trans-DCCA) and 2,4-D herbicide in 
      rural schoolchildren of Maule region, Chile.
PG  - 141512
LID - S0048-9697(20)35041-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141512 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Several studies showed that early exposure to pesticides affects the 
      development and health of children. In Maule, there is previous evidence of the high 
      exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OP) of schoolchildren. However, to date, 
      there are no studies assessing exposure to pyrethroids and the herbicide 2,4-D. 
      Objetive. To evaluate children's exposure to pyrethroids insecticides 
      3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), trans 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane 
      carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA) and 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicides. 
      METHOD: Longitudinal study with 48 schoolchildren from two rural schools in the 
      Maule region, Chile. Urinary metabolites of pyrethroids 3-PBA, Trans-DCCA and 2,4-D 
      herbicides were evaluated in 2016 and 2017. Mann-Whitney U for repeated measurements 
      and Spearman's rho correlation tests were used for data analysis. Also, we used a 
      system of impulsive differential equations for mathematical modeling. RESULTS: All 
      the schoolchildren assessed had more than two pesticide urinary metabolites in both 
      years, with the 3-PBA metabolite being the most frequent. There was an increase in 
      concentrations of urinary 3-PBA in November 2017, compared to 2016 (from 0.69 μg/L 
      to 1.90 μg/L). In 2016, the specific metabolites of 3-PBA were correlated with 
      Trans-DCCA, 2,4-D, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and para-nitrophenol. In 2017, 3-PBA was 
      correlated with 2,4-D, and Trans-DCCA. The concentrations of 3-PBA of Chilean 
      children were higher than studies conducted in the USA that found an association of 
      prenatal exposure to these metabolites with cognitive difficulties. CONCLUSIONS: We 
      found high concentrations of pyrethroid metabolites among all the schoolchildren 
      assessed, which may impact on their health and development. These insecticides had 
      received no attention from the scientific community in Chile, and neither from the 
      government agencies, despite the increased use of these chemicals in recent years. 
      This is the first study in South America that confirms the exposure to pyrethroids 
      and herbicides through biomarkers in human population living near farm fields.
CI  - Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa
AU  - Muñoz-Quezada MT
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile. Electronic address: 
      mtmunoz@ucm.cl.
FAU - Lucero, Boris A
AU  - Lucero BA
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
FAU - Gutiérrez-Jara, Juan Pablo
AU  - Gutiérrez-Jara JP
AD  - Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del 
      Maule, Chile.
FAU - Buralli, Rafael J
AU  - Buralli RJ
AD  - Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São 
      Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Zúñiga-Venegas, Liliana
AU  - Zúñiga-Venegas L
AD  - The Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile; Centro de Investigación de 
      Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile; Faculty of 
      Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile.
FAU - Muñoz, María Pía
AU  - Muñoz MP
AD  - School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Ponce, Karina Vilches
AU  - Ponce KV
AD  - Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile.
FAU - Iglesias, Verónica
AU  - Iglesias V
AD  - School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200804
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Benzoates)
RN  - 0 (Herbicides)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pyrethrins)
RN  - 2577AQ9262 (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid)
RN  - 69DC2655VH (3-phenoxybenzoic acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
MH  - Benzoates
MH  - Child
MH  - Chile
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - *Herbicides
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insecticides
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Pyrethrins
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Health risk
OT  - Herbicides
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Pyrethroids
OT  - Rural schoolchildren
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper. Financial disclosure All authors have no 
      financial interest in disclosing this article.
EDAT- 2020/08/28 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/29 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/27 06:00
PHST- 2020/06/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(20)35041-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141512 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2020 Dec 20;749:141512. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141512. 
      Epub 2020 Aug 4.

PMID- 16491402
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070213
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0340-0131 (Print)
IS  - 0340-0131 (Linking)
VI  - 79
IP  - 7
DP  - 2006 Aug
TI  - Biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in children living 
      in peri-urban areas of the Province of Quebec, Canada.
PG  - 568-77
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess the exposure to organophosphate (OP) 
      pesticides in children from peri-urban areas of the Province of Quebec, Canada, 
      through measurements of semi-specific alkylphosphate (AP) metabolites. METHODS: 
      Eighty-nine children aged between 3 and 7 years were recruited via pamphlets sent to 
      day-care centers. A first morning urine void was collected early in the spring of 
      2003 prior to summertime, which is the usual period of outdoor pesticide use. During 
      summertime, up to five more first morning voids were repeatedly collected, at 72-h 
      intervals, over a 13-day period. The potential determinants of exposure were 
      assessed by a questionnaire at the time of urine collection. RESULTS: 
      Methylphosphate metabolites were detectable in 98.2% of the 442 samples analyzed 
      while ethylphosphates were detected in 86.7% of the samples. The geometric mean 
      concentration (GM) of the total AP metabolites was 61.7 mug/g creatinine (range: 
      2.7-1967.3 mug/g creatinine). The difference in urinary AP concentrations between 
      samples collected during spring and summer was non-significant (P=0.08). There was 
      also no significant difference in the mean AP concentrations between summer samples 
      of individuals living in municipalities where outdoor pesticide use is or is not 
      restricted (P=0.25). However, the presence of a pet in the house was associated with 
      an increase in AP concentrations during spraying season (P=0.02). Pesticides were 
      seldom used, as reported by the questionnaire. A significant correlation was also 
      observed (P<0.001) between the urinary AP concentrations in samples provided by 
      siblings at the same time period. CONCLUSIONS: Mean concentrations of AP were 
      generally higher than those reported in other studies. The observed exposure 
      apparently occurred mainly through the dietary ingestion of OP residues. These data 
      raise questions on the levels of OP residues in Quebec food and the possibility that 
      our participants consumed more fruits and vegetables than those in other studies.
FAU - Valcke, Mathieu
AU  - Valcke M
AD  - Direction des Risques Biologiques, Environnementaux et Occupationnels, Institut 
      National de Santé Publique du Québec, 4835, Christophe-Colomb, Bureau 200,, H2J 3G8, 
      Montreal, QC, Canada. mathieu.valcke@inspq.qc.ca
FAU - Samuel, Onil
AU  - Samuel O
FAU - Bouchard, Michèle
AU  - Bouchard M
FAU - Dumas, Pierre
AU  - Dumas P
FAU - Belleville, Denis
AU  - Belleville D
FAU - Tremblay, Claude
AU  - Tremblay C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20060221
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int Arch Occup Environ Health
JT  - International archives of occupational and environmental health
JID - 7512134
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*urine
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Quebec
MH  - Suburban Population
EDAT- 2006/02/24 09:00
MHDA- 2007/02/14 09:00
CRDT- 2006/02/24 09:00
PHST- 2005/06/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/01/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2006/02/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/02/14 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/02/24 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00420-006-0085-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 Aug;79(7):568-77. doi: 
      10.1007/s00420-006-0085-8. Epub 2006 Feb 21.

PMID- 31183757
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191009
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Print)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 26
IP  - 22
DP  - 2019 Aug
TI  - Knowledge and behavior regarding pesticide use: a survey among caregivers of 
      children aged 1-6 years from rural China.
PG  - 23037-23043
LID - 10.1007/s11356-019-05560-w [doi]
AB  - Little is known about pesticide exposure risks for children in rural areas in China, 
      many of whom have been left behind by migrant workers. To survey caregivers of 
      children in rural China and assess their pesticide use and disposal methods, the 
      measures were used to protect the children and their perceptions of the adverse 
      effects of pesticides on children's health. Three or four villages in each of 
      Xinhua, Gongan and Sansui Counties in China were selected by random cluster 
      sampling. The main caregivers of children aged 1-6 years were surveyed in 
      face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire used was adapted from the World Health 
      Organization "Exposure to Pesticides: Standard Protocol" survey and similar studies. 
      The study included 464 caregivers (mean age, 46.4 years), who were most commonly the 
      children's grandparents (65.3%). Among the caregivers, 41.9% were educated to middle 
      school level or higher, 45.4% had a household income < 297 USD, and 29.7% had 
      received education/training about pesticide use/adverse health effects in children. 
      The score for caregivers' knowledge of the adverse effects of pesticides on 
      children's health was higher in those who had received education/training (5.1 ± 2.6 
      vs. 3.4 ± 2.5, P < 0.001). Factors associated with unsafe behaviors during pesticide 
      use included grandparent as the caregiver (odds ratio [OR] 0.551; 95% confidence 
      interval [95% CI] 0.368-0.824; P = 0.004), annual income < 297 USD (OR 0.580; 95% CI 
      0.395-0.853; P = 0.006), and insufficient health-related education/training (OR 
      0.436; 95% CI 0.286-0.665; P < 0.001). Improved education and training are needed to 
      promote the safe use of pesticides by caregivers of children in rural China.
FAU - Deng, Yuanying
AU  - Deng Y
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Dai, Hongmei
AU  - Dai H
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Zeng, Ming
AU  - Zeng M
AD  - School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
FAU - Guan, Lan
AU  - Guan L
AD  - School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
FAU - Luo, Xiangwen
AU  - Luo X
AD  - Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China.
FAU - Zhang, Chen
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Tian, Jing
AU  - Tian J
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Zhang, Jie
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Li, Ying
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Xi, Qiong
AU  - Xi Q
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Zhao, Mengwen
AU  - Zhao M
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Jiang, Mei
AU  - Jiang M
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China.
FAU - Zhao, Lingling
AU  - Zhao L
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 
      Changsha, China. 21152534@qq.com.
LA  - eng
GR  - 6102/the UBS Optimus Foundation/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20190610
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Caregivers
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pesticides/*chemistry
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC6658672
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - China
OT  - Health
OT  - Left-behind children
OT  - Pesticide exposure
OT  - Safety practices
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/06/12 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/11 06:00
CRDT- 2019/06/12 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/05/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/06/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/06/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-05560-w [pii]
AID - 5560 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-05560-w [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Aug;26(22):23037-23043. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-019-05560-w. Epub 2019 Jun 10.

PMID- 26324808
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160608
LR  - 20150901
IS  - 1600-0617 (Electronic)
IS  - 0905-9180 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 137
DP  - 2015 Sep
TI  - Environmental exposure to pesticides and respiratory health.
PG  - 462-73
LID - 10.1183/16000617.00006114 [doi]
AB  - Respiratory effects of environmental exposure to pesticides are debated. Here we 
      aimed to review epidemiological studies published up until 2013, using the PubMed 
      database. 20 studies dealing with respiratory health and non-occupational pesticide 
      exposure were identified, 14 carried out on children and six on adults. In four out 
      of nine studies in children with biological measurements, mothers' 
      dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) blood levels during pregnancy were associated 
      with asthma and wheezing in young children. An association was also found between 
      permethrin in indoor air during pregnancy and wheezing in children. A significant 
      association between asthma and DDE measured in children's blood (aged 7-10 years) 
      was observed in one study. However, in three studies, no association was found 
      between asthma or respiratory infections in children and pesticide levels in breast 
      milk and/or infant blood. Lastly, in three out of four studies where post-natal 
      pesticide exposure of children was assessed by parental questionnaire an association 
      with respiratory symptoms was found. Results of the fewer studies on pesticide 
      environmental exposure and respiratory health of adults were much less conclusive: 
      indeed, the associations observed were weak and often not significant. In 
      conclusion, further studies are needed to confirm whether there is a respiratory 
      risk associated with environmental exposure to pesticides.
CI  - Copyright ©ERS 2015.
FAU - Mamane, Ali
AU  - Mamane A
AD  - ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 
      France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France 
      ali.mamane@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr.
FAU - Raherison, Chantal
AU  - Raherison C
AD  - ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 
      France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France 
      Service des Maladies Respiratoire, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Tessier, Jean-François
AU  - Tessier JF
AD  - ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Baldi, Isabelle
AU  - Baldi I
AD  - ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 
      France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France 
      Service de Médecine du Travail, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
FAU - Bouvier, Ghislaine
AU  - Bouvier G
AD  - ISPED - Laboratoire Santé Travail Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 
      France ISPED - Centre INSERM U897-Epidémiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Eur Respir Rev
JT  - European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory 
      Society
JID - 9111391
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Lung/*drug effects/physiopathology
MH  - Lung Diseases/*chemically induced/diagnosis/physiopathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2015/09/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/06/09 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/06/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 24/137/462 [pii]
AID - 10.1183/16000617.00006114 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Respir Rev. 2015 Sep;24(137):462-73. doi: 10.1183/16000617.00006114.

PMID- 10791597
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000620
LR  - 20191103
IS  - 1053-4245 (Print)
IS  - 1053-4245 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2000 Mar-Apr
TI  - Pesticide storage and use patterns in Minnesota households with children.
PG  - 159-67
AB  - As part of the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS), residential 
      pesticide storage and use patterns were evaluated in a population-based sample of 
      Minnesota households with children aged 3-13. In-home interviews and inventories 
      were conducted to identify pesticide products stored and used in and around 308 
      households. This statistically based sample represents more than 49,000 urban and 
      rural households in the census tracts sampled. More than 850 unique products were 
      identified using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registration numbers. 
      Pesticide products were found in 97% and reported used in 88% of study households. 
      Population-weighted mean values for pesticide storage and use were 6.0 and 3.1 
      products per household, respectively. The most common active ingredients found were 
      diethyl toluamide (DEET) and related compounds, piperonyl butoxide, pyrethrins, 
      dimethylamine 2-[2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyl propionate (MCPA) and chlorpyrifos. 
      Household socio-demographic characteristics explained little of the variability in 
      pesticide storage and use patterns, and there were no significant differences in 
      residential storage and use patterns between households located in urban versus 
      non-urban census tracts. Although the prevalence of households with pesticide 
      products was similar to recent national surveys, observed storage and use rates were 
      almost twice those obtained in recent national studies, reflecting improved 
      inventory techniques used by this study and/or increased rates of pesticide presence 
      and use in study households.
FAU - Adgate, J L
AU  - Adgate JL
AD  - School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. 
      jadgate@cccs.umn.edu
FAU - Kukowski, A
AU  - Kukowski A
FAU - Stroebel, C
AU  - Stroebel C
FAU - Shubat, P J
AU  - Shubat PJ
FAU - Morrell, S
AU  - Morrell S
FAU - Quackenboss, J J
AU  - Quackenboss JJ
FAU - Whitmore, R W
AU  - Whitmore RW
FAU - Sexton, K
AU  - Sexton K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology
JID - 9111438
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Surveys
MH  - *Household Products
MH  - Housing
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Minnesota
MH  - *Pesticides
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Urban Population
EDAT- 2000/05/03 09:00
MHDA- 2000/06/24 11:00
CRDT- 2000/05/03 09:00
PHST- 2000/05/03 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/06/24 11:00 [medline]
PHST- 2000/05/03 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500078 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2000 Mar-Apr;10(2):159-67. doi: 
      10.1038/sj.jea.7500078.

PMID- 21655147
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110926
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 May
TI  - Review of pesticide urinary biomarker measurements from selected US EPA children's 
      observational exposure studies.
PG  - 1727-54
LID - 10.3390/ijerph8051727 [doi]
AB  - Children are exposed to a wide variety of pesticides originating from both outdoor 
      and indoor sources. Several studies were conducted or funded by the EPA over the 
      past decade to investigate children's exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid 
      pesticides and the factors that impact their exposures. Urinary metabolite 
      concentration measurements from these studies are consolidated here to identify 
      trends, spatial and temporal patterns, and areas where further research is required. 
      Namely, concentrations of the metabolites of chlorpyrifos 
      (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol or TCPy), diazinon (2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol 
      or IMP), and permethrin (3-phenoxybenzoic acid or 3-PBA) are presented. Information 
      on the kinetic parameters describing absorption and elimination in humans is also 
      presented to aid in interpretation. Metabolite concentrations varied more 
      dramatically across studies for 3-PBA and IMP than for TCPy, with TCPy 
      concentrations about an order of magnitude higher than the 3-PBA concentrations. 
      Temporal variability was high for all metabolites with urinary 3-PBA concentrations 
      slightly more consistent over time than the TCPy concentrations. Urinary biomarker 
      levels provided only limited evidence of applications. The observed relationships 
      between urinary metabolite levels and estimates of pesticide intake may be affected 
      by differences in the contribution of each exposure route to total intake, which may 
      vary with exposure intensity and across individuals.
FAU - Egeghy, Peter P
AU  - Egeghy PP
AD  - Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Exposure Research 
      Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection 
      Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. egeghy.peter@epa.gov
FAU - Cohen Hubal, Elaine A
AU  - Cohen Hubal EA
FAU - Tulve, Nicolle S
AU  - Tulve NS
FAU - Melnyk, Lisa J
AU  - Melnyk LJ
FAU - Morgan, Marsha K
AU  - Morgan MK
FAU - Fortmann, Roy C
AU  - Fortmann RC
FAU - Sheldon, Linda S
AU  - Sheldon LS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110524
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 509F88P9SZ (Permethrin)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
RN  - YUS1M1Q929 (Diazinon)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers/*urine
MH  - Child
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Diazinon/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Environmental Exposure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Permethrin/pharmacokinetics
MH  - Pesticides/pharmacokinetics/*urine
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC3108137
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *exposure trends
OT  - *exposure variability
OT  - *human exposure
OT  - *pesticides
OT  - *residue intake
OT  - *urinary biomarkers
EDAT- 2011/06/10 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2011/06/10 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/05/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/05/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/06/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph8051727 [pii]
AID - ijerph-08-01727 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph8051727 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 May;8(5):1727-54. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8051727. 
      Epub 2011 May 24.

PMID- 31362151
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200225
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 131
DP  - 2019 Oct
TI  - Biomonitoring of common organophosphate metabolites in hair and urine of children 
      from an agricultural community.
PG  - 104997
LID - S0160-4120(19)30730-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104997 [doi]
AB  - Levels of dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured in hair and urine of 
      children that lived close to intensively farmed areas of Almeria (Southeast Spain). 
      The levels were used as proxies for exposure of these children to organophosphate 
      pesticides (OPs). Determinants of exposure to DAPs were also examined. Urine and 
      hair samples were collected from 222 children aged 3-11 years and information on 
      lifestyle and dietary habits was collected from questionnaires administered to 
      mothers. Urinary DAPs were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography 
      coupled to triple-quadrupole tandem mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) and hair 
      DAPs by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Detection rates 
      ranged from 21.8% for diethylphosphate (DEP) and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) to 
      35.9% for dimethylphosphate (DMP) in urine; and from 42.3% for DETP to 92.8% for DMP 
      in hair. Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) was detected in 0.5% of urine samples (one 
      child), and in 26.6% of children's hair samples. A lack of correlation was observed 
      for individual DAP metabolites and ΣDAPs between urine and hair samples, except for 
      DEDTP. Urinary DAP levels of our child population were lower than those reported for 
      children from other countries, including NHANES 1999-2000 data. The main 
      determinants of hair DAP levels were age, sex, vegetable intake, parental exposure 
      to pesticides at work, time spent playing indoors, monthly income and father's 
      education level. Conversely, none of the predictors studied was significantly 
      associated with urinary DAPs except age. Overall, hair has advantages over urine as 
      it is easier to collect, handle and store, and allows for assessment of cumulative 
      exposure to OPs, thus providing a greater insight for human biomonitoring.
CI  - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hernández, Antonio F
AU  - Hernández AF
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of 
      Medicine, Granada, Spain.
FAU - Lozano-Paniagua, David
AU  - Lozano-Paniagua D
AD  - Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of 
      Medicine, Granada, Spain.
FAU - González-Alzaga, Beatriz
AU  - González-Alzaga B
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Ciber de Epidemiología y 
      Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
FAU - Kavvalakis, Matthaios P
AU  - Kavvalakis MP
AD  - Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 
      Greece.
FAU - Tzatzarakis, Manolis N
AU  - Tzatzarakis MN
AD  - Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 
      Greece.
FAU - López-Flores, Inmaculada
AU  - López-Flores I
AD  - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
FAU - Aguilar-Garduño, Clemente
AU  - Aguilar-Garduño C
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain.
FAU - Caparros-Gonzalez, Rafael A
AU  - Caparros-Gonzalez RA
AD  - Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, 
      Spain.
FAU - Tsatsakis, Aristidis M
AU  - Tsatsakis AM
AD  - Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 
      Greece. Electronic address: tsatsaka@uoc.gr.
FAU - Lacasaña, Marina
AU  - Lacasaña M
AD  - Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Ciber de Epidemiología y 
      Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Institute of Biosanitary Research (ibs.GRANADA), 
      University Hospitals/University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: 
      marina.lacasana.easp@juntadeandalucia.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20190727
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 598-02-7 (diethyl phosphate)
RN  - HI4K2C9UEI (dimethyl phosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - *Biological Monitoring
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Female
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/analysis
MH  - Male
MH  - Organophosphates/*analysis/urine
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis/urine
MH  - Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Spain
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Biomonitoring
OT  - *Children
OT  - *DAPs
OT  - *Hair
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Urine
EDAT- 2019/07/31 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/26 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/31 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/07/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/07/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/31 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)30730-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104997 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2019 Oct;131:104997. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104997. Epub 2019 Jul 
      27.

PMID- 10856024
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000907
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 108
IP  - 6
DP  - 2000 Jun
TI  - Biologically based pesticide dose estimates for children in an agricultural 
      community.
PG  - 515-20
AB  - Current pesticide health risk assessments in the United States require the 
      characterization of aggregate exposure and cumulative risk in the setting of food 
      tolerances. Biologic monitoring can aggregate exposures from all sources and routes, 
      and can integrate exposures for chemicals with a common mechanism of action. Its 
      value was demonstrated in a recent study of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure 
      among 109 children in an agricultural community in Washington State; 91 of the 
      children had parents working in agriculture. We estimated individual OP pesticide 
      doses from urinary metabolite concentrations with a deterministic steady state 
      model, and compared them to toxicologic reference values. We evaluated doses by 
      assuming that metabolites were attributable entirely to either azinphos-methyl or 
      phosmet, the two OP pesticides used most frequently in the region. 
      Creatinine-adjusted average dose estimates during the 6- to 8-week spraying season 
      ranged from 0 to 36 microg/kg/day. For children whose parents worked in agriculture 
      as either orchard applicators or as fieldworkers, 56% of the doses estimated for the 
      spray season exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chronic dietary 
      reference dose, and 19% exceeded the World Health Organization acceptable daily 
      intake values for azinphos-methyl. The corresponding values for children whose 
      parents did not work in agriculture were 44 and 22%, respectively. The percentage of 
      children exceeding the relevant reference values for phosmet was substantially lower 
      (< 10%). Single-day dose estimates ranged from 0 to 72 microg/kg/day, and 26% of 
      these exceeded the EPA acute reference dose for azinphos-methyl. We also generated 
      dose estimates by adjustment for total daily urine volume, and these estimates were 
      consistently higher than the creatinine-adjusted estimates. None of the dose 
      estimates exceeded the empirically derived no-observable-adverse-effect levels for 
      these compounds. The study took place in an agricultural region during a period of 
      active spraying, so the dose estimates for this population should not be considered 
      representative of exposures in the general population. The findings indicate that 
      children living in agricultural regions represent an important subpopulation for 
      public health evaluation, and that their exposures fall within a range of regulatory 
      concern. They also demonstrate that biologically based exposure measures can provide 
      data for health risk evaluations in such populations.
FAU - Fenske, R A
AU  - Fenske RA
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 
      University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. rfenske@u.washington.edu
FAU - Kissel, J C
AU  - Kissel JC
FAU - Lu, C
AU  - Lu C
FAU - Kalman, D A
AU  - Kalman DA
FAU - Simcox, N J
AU  - Simcox NJ
FAU - Allen, E H
AU  - Allen EH
FAU - Keifer, M C
AU  - Keifer MC
LA  - eng
GR  - U07/CCU012926/PHS HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Risk Assessment
PMC - PMC1638135
EDAT- 2000/06/16 09:00
MHDA- 2000/09/09 11:01
CRDT- 2000/06/16 09:00
PHST- 2000/06/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/09/09 11:01 [medline]
PHST- 2000/06/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - sc271_5_1835 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.00108515 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Jun;108(6):515-20. doi: 10.1289/ehp.00108515.

PMID- 24833556
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151016
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1573-7365 (Electronic)
IS  - 0885-7490 (Print)
IS  - 0885-7490 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 3
DP  - 2014 Sep
TI  - Characterizing exposures and neurobehavioral performance in Egyptian adolescent 
      pesticide applicators.
PG  - 845-55
LID - 10.1007/s11011-014-9565-9 [doi]
AB  - Children and adolescents may have occupational exposure to pesticides. Although 
      previous studies examining prenatal pesticide exposure have identified 
      neurobehavioral deficits in children, there are limited studies examining the impact 
      of occupational exposure in children. The objectives of this study are to estimate 
      exposures to the organophosphorus pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF), by measuring 
      urinary levels of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a specific CPF metabolite, and 
      blood cholinesterase (ChE) activities and to characterize neurobehavioral 
      performance in adolescents working as seasonal pesticide applicators and 
      non-applicator controls. A neurobehavioral test battery, consisting of 14 tests, was 
      used to assess a broad range of functions. Applicators performed worse than controls 
      on the majority of tests. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the number 
      of outcome variables and two components, focused on reasoning-short-term memory and 
      attention-executive functioning, showed significant deficits in applicators compared 
      to non-applicators. Elevated metabolite levels were found in the applicators 
      compared to the non-applicators, confirming CPF exposure in the applicators. 
      Although this study is limited by a small sample size, it provides preliminary 
      evidence of moderate CPF exposures, decreased blood ChE in some applicators and 
      decreased neurobehavioral performance in an adolescent working population.
FAU - Rohlman, Diane Schertler
AU  - Rohlman DS
AD  - Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 
      Iowa CIty, IA, USA, diane-rohlman@uiowa.edu.
FAU - Ismail, Ahmed A
AU  - Ismail AA
FAU - Abdel-Rasoul, Gaafar
AU  - Abdel-Rasoul G
FAU - Lasarev, Michael
AU  - Lasarev M
FAU - Hendy, Olfat
AU  - Hendy O
FAU - Olson, James R
AU  - Olson JR
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 ES022163/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 ES017223/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20140516
TA  - Metab Brain Dis
JT  - Metabolic brain disease
JID - 8610370
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - JCS58I644W (Chlorpyrifos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Attention/drug effects
MH  - Child
MH  - Chlorpyrifos/*toxicity
MH  - Egypt
MH  - Executive Function/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC4465098
MID - NIHMS596210
EDAT- 2014/05/17 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/17 06:00
CRDT- 2014/05/17 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/05/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/05/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/05/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11011-014-9565-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Metab Brain Dis. 2014 Sep;29(3):845-55. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9565-9. Epub 2014 
      May 16.

PMID- 20019898
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100303
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 117
IP  - 10
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - A systematic review and meta-analysis of childhood leukemia and parental 
      occupational pesticide exposure.
PG  - 1505-13
LID - 10.1289/ehp.0900582 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of childhood leukemia 
      and parental occupational pesticide exposure. DATA SOURCES: Searches of MEDLINE 
      (1950-2009) and other electronic databases yielded 31 included studies. DATA 
      EXTRACTION: Two authors independently abstracted data and assessed the quality of 
      each study. DATA SYNTHESIS: Random effects models were used to obtain summary odds 
      ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). There was no overall association 
      between childhood leukemia and any paternal occupational pesticide exposure (OR = 
      1.09; 95% CI, 0.88-1.34); there were slightly elevated risks in subgroups of studies 
      with low total-quality scores (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 0.99-1.95), ill-defined exposure 
      time windows (OR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.85), and exposure information collected 
      after offspring leukemia diagnosis (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.70). Childhood 
      leukemia was associated with prenatal maternal occupational pesticide exposure (OR = 
      2.09; 95% CI, 1.51-2.88); this association was slightly stronger for studies with 
      high exposure-measurement-quality scores (OR = 2.45; 95% CI, 1.68-3.58), higher 
      confounder control scores (OR = 2.38; 95% CI, 1.56-3.62), and farm-related exposures 
      (OR = 2.44; 95% CI, 1.53-3.89). Childhood leukemia risk was also elevated for 
      prenatal maternal occupational exposure to insecticides (OR = 2.72; 95% CI, 
      1.47-5.04) and herbicides (OR = 3.62; 95% CI, 1.28-10.3). CONCLUSIONS: Childhood 
      leukemia was associated with prenatal maternal occupational pesticide exposure in 
      analyses of all studies combined and in several subgroups. Associations with 
      paternal occupational pesticide exposure were weaker and less consistent. Research 
      needs include improved pesticide exposure indices, continued follow-up of existing 
      cohorts, genetic susceptibility assessment, and basic research on childhood leukemia 
      initiation and progression.
FAU - Wigle, Donald T
AU  - Wigle DT
AD  - McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, 
      Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. don.wigle@sympatico.ca
FAU - Turner, Michelle C
AU  - Turner MC
FAU - Krewski, Daniel
AU  - Krewski D
LA  - eng
GR  - Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20090519
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia/*epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Male
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
MH  - *Paternal Exposure
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
PMC - PMC2790502
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - child
OT  - leukemia
OT  - meta-analysis
OT  - occupational exposure
OT  - pesticides
EDAT- 2009/12/19 06:00
MHDA- 2010/03/04 06:00
CRDT- 2009/12/19 06:00
PHST- 2009/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/05/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/12/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - ehp-117-1505 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.0900582 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Oct;117(10):1505-13. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0900582. Epub 
      2009 May 19.

PMID- 10771876
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000504
LR  - 20190722
IS  - 0019-5456 (Print)
IS  - 0019-5456 (Linking)
VI  - 64
IP  - 4
DP  - 1997 Jul-Aug
TI  - Children poisoning in Taiwan.
PG  - 469-83
AB  - Poisoning is a well known cause of morbidity and mortality in children. In Taiwan, 
      little information has been published regarding the status of pediatric poisoning 
      exposures. To provide more information on pediatric poisoning exposures for the 
      purpose of poison prevention, a retrospective study was designed and conducted to 
      analyse the data of National Poison Centre (NPC), Taiwan. All telephone inquiries 
      concerning poisoning exposures in those under 19 years of age, received by 
      NPC-Taiwan from July 1985 through December 1993, were included in this study. The 
      age, sex, reason for exposure, route of exposure, substances involved and clinical 
      outcome of those telephone calls were then analyzed. A total of 5,812 inquiries 
      concerning poisoning exposures in children were recorded. Male exposures were more 
      prevalent than females (59%) Vs. 41%) Accidental exposures accounted for 77.7% of 
      the cases and most were exposed by the oral route. Substances most frequently 
      ingested were household products, benzodiazepines and pesticides. The data revealed 
      a mortality rate of 1.4%. Accidental poisoning exposures from household products and 
      drugs remain a significant problem for those younger than 6 years of age. Further 
      education of parents and care takers and the employment of child-resistant 
      containers are needed to prevent cases of pediatric poisoning. Reduction of 
      amphetamine abuse in adolescents is also of major concern and deserves more 
      attention.
FAU - Yang, C C
AU  - Yang CC
AD  - Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
FAU - Wu, J F
AU  - Wu JF
FAU - Ong, H C
AU  - Ong HC
FAU - Kuo, Y P
AU  - Kuo YP
FAU - Deng, J F
AU  - Deng JF
FAU - Ger, J
AU  - Ger J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - India
TA  - Indian J Pediatr
JT  - Indian journal of pediatrics
JID - 0417442
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 12794-10-4 (Benzodiazepines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Age Distribution
MH  - Benzodiazepines/poisoning
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Household Products/poisoning
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/poisoning
MH  - Poison Control Centers/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Poisoning/*epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Sex Distribution
MH  - Taiwan/epidemiology
EDAT- 1997/07/01 00:00
MHDA- 2000/04/20 00:01
CRDT- 1997/07/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/07/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/04/20 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/07/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/BF02737751 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian J Pediatr. 1997 Jul-Aug;64(4):469-83. doi: 10.1007/BF02737751.

PMID- 26418669
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170919
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 124
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Jun
TI  - Prenatal Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure and Child Neurodevelopment at 24 
      Months: An Analysis of Four Birth Cohorts.
PG  - 822-30
LID - 10.1289/ehp.1409474 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are used in agriculture worldwide. 
      Residential use was common in the United States before 2001. OBJECTIVES: We 
      conducted a pooled analysis of four birth cohorts (children's centers; n = 936) to 
      evaluate associations of prenatal exposure to OPs with child development at 24 
      months. METHODS: Using general linear models, we computed site-specific and pooled 
      estimates of the association of total dialkyl (ΣDAP), diethyl (ΣDEP), and 
      dimethylphosphate (ΣDMP) metabolite concentrations in maternal prenatal urine with 
      mental and psychomotor development indices (MDI/PDI) and evaluated heterogeneity by 
      children's center, race/ethnicity, and PON1 genotype. RESULTS: There was significant 
      heterogeneity in the center-specific estimates of association for ΣDAP and ΣDMP and 
      the MDI (p = 0.09, and p = 0.05, respectively), as well as heterogeneity in the 
      race/ethnicity-specific estimates for ΣDAP (p = 0.06) and ΣDMP (p = 0.02) and the 
      MDI. Strong MDI associations in the CHAMACOS population per 10-fold increase in ΣDAP 
      (β = -4.17; 95% CI: -7.00, -1.33) and ΣDMP (β = -3.64; 95% CI: -5.97, -1.32) were 
      influential, as were associations among Hispanics (β per 10-fold increase in ΣDAP = 
      -2.91; 95% CI: -4.71, -1.12). We generally found stronger negative associations of 
      ΣDAP and ΣDEP with the 24-month MDI for carriers of the 192Q PON1 allele, 
      particularly among blacks and Hispanics. CONCLUSIONS: Data pooling was complicated 
      by center-related differences in subject characteristics, eligibility, and changes 
      in regulations governing residential use of OPs during the study periods. Pooled 
      summary estimates of prenatal exposure to OPs and neurodevelopment should be 
      interpreted with caution because of significant heterogeneity in associations by 
      center, race/ethnicity, and PON1 genotype. Subgroups with unique exposure profiles 
      or susceptibilities may be at higher risk for adverse neurodevelopment following 
      prenatal exposure. CITATION: Engel SM, Bradman A, Wolff MS, Rauh VA, Harley KG, Yang 
      JH, Hoepner LA, Barr DB, Yolton K, Vedar MG, Xu Y, Hornung RW, Wetmur JG, Chen J, 
      Holland NT, Perera FP, Whyatt RM, Lanphear BP, Eskenazi B. 2016. Prenatal 
      organophosphorus pesticide exposure and child neurodevelopment at 24 months: an 
      analysis of four birth cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 
      124:822-830; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409474.
FAU - Engel, Stephanie M
AU  - Engel SM
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel 
      Hill, North Carolina, USA.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
FAU - Wolff, Mary S
AU  - Wolff MS
FAU - Rauh, Virginia A
AU  - Rauh VA
FAU - Harley, Kim G
AU  - Harley KG
FAU - Yang, Jenny H
AU  - Yang JH
FAU - Hoepner, Lori A
AU  - Hoepner LA
FAU - Barr, Dana Boyd
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Yolton, Kimberly
AU  - Yolton K
FAU - Vedar, Michelle G
AU  - Vedar MG
FAU - Xu, Yingying
AU  - Xu Y
FAU - Hornung, Richard W
AU  - Hornung RW
FAU - Wetmur, James G
AU  - Wetmur JG
FAU - Chen, Jia
AU  - Chen J
FAU - Holland, Nina T
AU  - Holland NT
FAU - Perera, Frederica P
AU  - Perera FP
FAU - Whyatt, Robin M
AU  - Whyatt RM
FAU - Lanphear, Bruce P
AU  - Lanphear BP
FAU - Eskenazi, Brenda
AU  - Eskenazi B
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 ES009600/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES010126/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES009883/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009584/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES012468/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES010165/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES011158/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES011261/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES008977/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES023515/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES014575/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES001896/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P60 MD000222/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 ES009089/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES015517/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20150929
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Nervous System/drug effects/*growth & development
MH  - Netherlands/epidemiology
MH  - Pesticides/metabolism/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology
PMC - PMC4892910
COIS- A.B. has served as a consultant on cases unrelated to the issues covered in this 
      paper and has participated as a member of the Board for The Organic Center, a 
      nonprofit organization that provides information for scientific research about 
      organic food and farming. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential 
      competing financial interests.
EDAT- 2015/09/30 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/20 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/30 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - ehp.1409474 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.1409474 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Jun;124(6):822-30. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1409474. Epub 2015 
      Sep 29.

PMID- 26535745
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160901
LR  - 20151105
IS  - 2590-7379 (Electronic)
IS  - 0120-4157 (Linking)
VI  - 35 Spec
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - [Mortality due to pesticide poisoning in Colombia, 1998-2011].
PG  - 90-102
LID - S0120-41572015000500010 [pii]
LID - 10.1590/S0120-41572015000500010 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Poisoning due to pesticides is an important public health problem 
      worldwide due its morbidity and mortality. In Colombia, there are no exact data on 
      mortality due to pesticide poisoning. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the trend of mortality 
      rate due to pesticide poisoning in Colombia between 1998 and 2011. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: We carried out a descriptive analysis with the database reports of death as 
      unintentional poisoning, self-inflicted intentional poisoning, aggression with 
      pesticides, and poisoning with non-identified intentionality, population projections 
      between 1998 and 2011, and rurality indexes. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates 
      were estimated and trends and Spearman coefficients were evaluated. RESULTS: A total 
      of 4,835 deaths were registered (age-adjusted mortality rate of 2.38 deaths per 
      100,000 people). Mortality rates were higher in rural areas, for self-inflicted 
      intentional poisoning, in men and in age groups between 15 and 39 years old. The 
      trend has been decreasing since 2002. Municipality mortality rates due to 
      unintentional poisoning and aggression correlated significantly with the rurality 
      index in less rural municipalities. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rates due to pesticide 
      poisoning presented a mild decrease between 1998 and 2011. It is necessary to adjust 
      and reinforce the measures conducive to reducing pesticide exposure in order to 
      avoid poisoning and reduce mortality.
FAU - Chaparro-Narváez, Pablo
AU  - Chaparro-Narváez P
AD  - Observatorio Nacional de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
FAU - Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos
AU  - Castañeda-Orjuela C
AD  - Observatorio Nacional de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
LA  - spa
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TT  - Mortalidad debida a intoxicación por plaguicidas en Colombia entre 1998 y 20.
PL  - Colombia
TA  - Biomedica
JT  - Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
JID - 8205605
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Colombia/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pesticides/*poisoning
MH  - Poisoning/mortality
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2015/11/05 06:00
MHDA- 2016/09/02 06:00
CRDT- 2015/11/05 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/11/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/11/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/09/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0120-41572015000500010 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/S0120-41572015000500010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biomedica. 2015 Aug;35 Spec:90-102. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572015000500010.

PMID- 11138658
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20010301
LR  - 20191104
IS  - 1053-4245 (Print)
IS  - 1053-4245 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 6 Pt 2
DP  - 2000 Nov-Dec
TI  - Strategies for assessing children's organophosphorus pesticide exposures in 
      agricultural communities.
PG  - 662-71
AB  - Children can be exposed to pesticides from multiple sources and through multiple 
      pathways. In addition to the standard pathways of diet, drinking water and 
      residential pesticide use, children in agricultural communities can be exposed to 
      pesticides used in agricultural production. A research program on children and 
      pesticides was established at the University of Washington (UW) in 1991 and has 
      focused on two major exposure pathway issues: residential proximity to 
      pesticide-treated farmland and transfer of pesticides from the workplace to the home 
      (paraoccupational or take-home exposure). The UW program selected preschool children 
      of agricultural producers and farm workers in the tree fruit region of Washington 
      state as a population that was likely to have elevated exposures from these 
      pathways. The organophosphorus (OP) pesticides were selected as a common class of 
      chemicals for analysis so that issues of aggregate exposure and cumulative risk 
      could be addressed. This paper provides an overview of key findings of our research 
      group over the past 8 years and describes current studies in this field. Soil and 
      housedust concentrations of OP pesticides were elevated in homes of agricultural 
      families (household members engaged in agricultural production) when compared to 
      non-agricultural reference homes in the same community. Dialkyl phosphate 
      metabolites of OP pesticides measured in children's urine were also elevated for 
      agricultural children when compared to reference children and when compared to 
      children in the Seattle metropolitan area. Proximity to farmland was associated with 
      increased OP pesticide concentrations in housedust and OP pesticide metabolites in 
      urine. Current studies include a community-based intervention to reduce parental 
      transfer of pesticides from the workplace, and a systematic investigation of the 
      role of agricultural spray drift in children's exposure to pesticides.
FAU - Fenske, R A
AU  - Fenske RA
AD  - Department of Environmental Health and Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and 
      Health Center, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of 
      Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. rfenske@u.washington.edu
FAU - Lu, C
AU  - Lu C
FAU - Simcox, N J
AU  - Simcox NJ
FAU - Loewenherz, C
AU  - Loewenherz C
FAU - Touchstone, J
AU  - Touchstone J
FAU - Moate, T F
AU  - Moate TF
FAU - Allen, E H
AU  - Allen EH
FAU - Kissel, J C
AU  - Kissel JC
LA  - eng
GR  - U07/CCU012926/PHS HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol
JT  - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology
JID - 9111438
RN  - 0 (Dust)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Air Pollution, Indoor
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Dust
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Housing
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*adverse effects/analysis/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - *Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - Research Design
MH  - Risk Assessment
EDAT- 2001/01/04 11:00
MHDA- 2001/03/07 10:01
CRDT- 2001/01/04 11:00
PHST- 2001/01/04 11:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/03/07 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 2001/01/04 11:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/sj.jea.7500116 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2000 Nov-Dec;10(6 Pt 2):662-71. doi: 
      10.1038/sj.jea.7500116.

PMID- 12611667
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20030606
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 111
IP  - 3
DP  - 2003 Mar
TI  - Organophosphorus pesticide exposure of urban and suburban preschool children with 
      organic and conventional diets.
PG  - 377-82
AB  - We assessed organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure from diet by biological 
      monitoring among Seattle, Washington, preschool children. Parents kept food diaries 
      for 3 days before urine collection, and they distinguished organic and conventional 
      foods based on label information. Children were then classified as having consumed 
      either organic or conventional diets based on analysis of the diary data. 
      Residential pesticide use was also recorded for each home. We collected 24-hr urine 
      samples from 18 children with organic diets and 21 children with conventional diets 
      and analyzed them for five OP pesticide metabolites. We found significantly higher 
      median concentrations of total dimethyl alkylphosphate metabolites than total 
      diethyl alkylphosphate metabolites (0.06 and 0.02 micro mol/L, respectively; p = 
      0.0001). The median total dimethyl metabolite concentration was approximately six 
      times higher for children with conventional diets than for children with organic 
      diets (0.17 and 0.03 micro mol/L; p = 0.0003); mean concentrations differed by a 
      factor of nine (0.34 and 0.04 micro mol/L). We calculated dose estimates from 
      urinary dimethyl metabolites and from agricultural pesticide use data, assuming that 
      all exposure came from a single pesticide. The dose estimates suggest that 
      consumption of organic fruits, vegetables, and juice can reduce children's exposure 
      levels from above to below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's current 
      guidelines, thereby shifting exposures from a range of uncertain risk to a range of 
      negligible risk. Consumption of organic produce appears to provide a relatively 
      simple way for parents to reduce their children's exposure to OP pesticides.
FAU - Curl, Cynthia L
AU  - Curl CL
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 
      University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. ccurl@u.washington.edu
FAU - Fenske, Richard A
AU  - Fenske RA
FAU - Elgethun, Kai
AU  - Elgethun K
LA  - eng
GR  - P01ES09601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U07/CCU102926/CC/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
SB  - IM
CIN - Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Oct;111(13):A688-9; author reply A89-91. PMID: 
      14527854
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Diet
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Female
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - *Food, Organic
MH  - Fruit
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*analysis/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - *Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - Urban Population
MH  - Vegetables
PMC - PMC1241395
EDAT- 2003/03/04 04:00
MHDA- 2003/06/07 05:00
CRDT- 2003/03/04 04:00
PHST- 2003/03/04 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2003/06/07 05:00 [medline]
PHST- 2003/03/04 04:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.5754 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Mar;111(3):377-82. doi: 10.1289/ehp.5754.

PMID- 17569709
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080429
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 0146-8693 (Print)
IS  - 0146-8693 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 1
DP  - 2008 Jan-Feb
TI  - The effects of organophosphate pesticide exposure on Hispanic children's cognitive 
      and behavioral functioning.
PG  - 91-101
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effects of Organophosphate (OP) pesticides 
      exposure on the cognitive and behavioral functioning of Hispanic children living in 
      an agricultural community. METHODS: Forty-eight children were administered a battery 
      of cognitive measures, and their parents and teachers completed behavior rating 
      scales. Children provided a urine sample for analysis of OP pesticides metabolites. 
      RESULTS: All children had a detectable level of at least one OP pesticide 
      metabolite. Higher OP pesticide metabolite concentration levels were significantly 
      correlated with poorer performance on some subtests of the Wisconsin Card Sorting 
      Test. However, the significance of this association was dependent upon the inclusion 
      of two samples with noticeable higher OP pesticide metabolite concentration levels. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Short-term OP pesticide exposure seems to have deleterious effects on 
      children's speed of attention, sequencing, mental flexibility, visual search, 
      concept formation, and conceptual flexibility. This study is among a relatively 
      small number of studies investigating an extremely complex problem. Limitations and 
      suggestions for future studies are discussed.
FAU - Lizardi, Patricia Sánchez
AU  - Lizardi PS
AD  - Pupil Services and Special Education, Chula Vista Elementary School District, 84 E J 
      Street, Chula Vista, CA 91910, USA. psanchez@cvesd.k12.ca.us
FAU - O'Rourke, Mary Kay
AU  - O'Rourke MK
FAU - Morris, Richard J
AU  - Morris RJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20070614
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pediatr Psychol
JT  - Journal of pediatric psychology
JID - 7801773
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
CIN - J Pediatr Psychol. 2008 May;33(4):446; author reply 447-8. PMID: 18296727
MH  - Arizona/epidemiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior
MH  - Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cognition
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - *Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Neurotoxicity Syndromes/ethnology/*etiology
MH  - Organophosphates/*adverse effects/urine
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects/urine
EDAT- 2007/06/16 09:00
MHDA- 2008/04/30 09:00
CRDT- 2007/06/16 09:00
PHST- 2007/06/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/04/30 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - jsm047 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm047 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pediatr Psychol. 2008 Jan-Feb;33(1):91-101. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm047. Epub 2007 
      Jun 14.

PMID- 30267227
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190612
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 2196-5412 (Electronic)
IS  - 2196-5412 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Dec
TI  - Pesticides and Child's Health in France.
PG  - 522-530
LID - 10.1007/s40572-018-0216-x [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The use of pesticides is predominant in agriculture, inducing 
      environmental contamination, and has been extended to the domestic sphere. In 
      France, > 500 pesticides were authorized for use in 2009; given their various 
      toxicological properties, there are legitimate concerns about the possible 
      consequences for child health. This review summarizes the recent French studies of 
      good quality dealing with pesticides and child health. RECENT FINDINGS: Three 
      cohorts (mother-child, retrospective) and two case-control studies have been 
      conducted in the last decade. Using various instruments for exposure assessment 
      including biomarkers, they have suggested alterations of subclinical health 
      parameters at birth, increased risk of otitis at age 2, and increased risk of 
      several types of childhood cancer. However, there were no adverse neurodevelopmental 
      outcomes at 6 years of age following prenatal exposure to pesticides. Both 
      agricultural and domestic pesticides might be involved in such adverse health 
      outcomes. Similar studies are lacking in Europe. Studies on fungicides and child 
      health are scarce.
FAU - Chevrier, Cécile
AU  - Chevrier C
AD  - Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et 
      travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France. cecile.chevrier@inserm.fr.
FAU - Béranger, Rémi
AU  - Béranger R
AD  - Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et 
      travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Curr Environ Health Rep
JT  - Current environmental health reports
JID - 101629387
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Child Health/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - France
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neoplasms/chemically induced
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Retrospective Studies
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Cancer
OT  - *Environmental exposure
OT  - *Growth
OT  - *Neurodevelopment
OT  - *Pesticides
OT  - *Pregnancy
EDAT- 2018/09/30 06:00
MHDA- 2019/06/14 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/30 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/06/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/30 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s40572-018-0216-x [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s40572-018-0216-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018 Dec;5(4):522-530. doi: 10.1007/s40572-018-0216-x.

PMID- 22995816
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130401
LR  - 20161018
IS  - 1536-5948 (Electronic)
IS  - 1076-2752 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 10
DP  - 2012 Oct
TI  - Residential pesticide use is associated with children's respiratory symptoms.
PG  - 1281-7
LID - 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31825cb6ae [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between residential pesticide application 
      and acute and chronic respiratory symptoms in children, focusing on the location of 
      the pesticide application in and around the home and the type of pesticide 
      applicator (professional vs nonprofessional). METHODS: We used 1999 to 2004 National 
      Health and Nutrition Examination Survey results to investigate this association in 
      children younger than 18 years (N = 14,065). RESULTS: Overall, pesticide use in the 
      home was not associated with wheezing (odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% confidence 
      interval [CI], 0.91 to 1.47). Nevertheless, pesticide use in the kitchen or dining 
      rooms was significantly associated with increased odds of wheezing (OR, 1.39; 95% 
      CI, 1.08 to 1.78) and dry cough (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.40 to 4.06) after controlling 
      for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that residential use of 
      pesticides and the location of pesticide application are associated with increased 
      respiratory complaints in children.
FAU - Xu, Xiaohui
AU  - Xu X
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and 
      College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. xhxu@phhp.ufl.edu
FAU - Nembhard, Wendy N
AU  - Nembhard WN
FAU - Kan, Haidong
AU  - Kan H
FAU - Becker, Alan
AU  - Becker A
FAU - Talbott, Evelyn O
AU  - Talbott EO
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Occup Environ Med
JT  - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
JID - 9504688
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cough/*chemically induced/epidemiology
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Nutrition Surveys/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Pesticides/*adverse effects
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Residence Characteristics/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Respiratory Sounds/*etiology
EDAT- 2012/09/22 06:00
MHDA- 2013/04/02 06:00
CRDT- 2012/09/22 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/09/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/04/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31825cb6ae [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Occup Environ Med. 2012 Oct;54(10):1281-7. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31825cb6ae.

PMID- 16203262
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20060123
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 113
IP  - 10
DP  - 2005 Oct
TI  - Lessons learned for the assessment of children's pesticide exposure: critical 
      sampling and analytical issues for future studies.
PG  - 1455-62
AB  - In this article we examine sampling strategies and analytical methods used in a 
      series of recent studies of children's exposure to pesticides that may prove useful 
      in the design and implementation of the National Children's Study. We focus 
      primarily on the experiences of four of the National Institute of Environmental 
      Health Sciences/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/ Children's Centers and include 
      University of Washington studies that predated these centers. These studies have 
      measured maternal exposures, perinatal exposures, infant and toddler exposures, and 
      exposure among young children through biologic monitoring, personal sampling, and 
      environmental monitoring. Biologic monitoring appears to be the best available 
      method for assessment of children's exposure to pesticides, with some limitations. 
      It is likely that a combination of biomarkers, environmental measurements, and 
      questionnaires will be needed after careful consideration of the specific hypotheses 
      posed by investigators and the limitations of each exposure metric. The value of 
      environmental measurements, such as surface and toy wipes and indoor air or house 
      dust samples, deserves further investigation. Emphasis on personal rather than 
      environmental sampling in conjunction with urine or blood sampling is likely to be 
      most effective at classifying exposure. For infants and young children, ease of 
      urine collection (possible for extended periods of time) may make these samples the 
      best available approach to capturing exposure variability of nonpersistent 
      pesticides; additional validation studies are needed. Saliva measurements of 
      pesticides, if feasible, would overcome the limitations of urinary metabolite-based 
      exposure analysis. Global positioning system technology appears promising in the 
      delineation of children's time-location patterns.
FAU - Fenske, Richard A
AU  - Fenske RA
AD  - Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public 
      Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
FAU - Bradman, Asa
AU  - Bradman A
FAU - Whyatt, Robin M
AU  - Whyatt RM
FAU - Wolff, Mary S
AU  - Wolff MS
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
LA  - eng
GR  - U07/CCU012926/CC/ODCDC CDC HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009600/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009584/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES009600/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES009584/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009601/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 ES009605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Welfare
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
MH  - Population Surveillance
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC1281295
EDAT- 2005/10/06 09:00
MHDA- 2006/01/24 09:00
CRDT- 2005/10/06 09:00
PHST- 2005/10/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2006/01/24 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2005/10/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ehp0113-001455 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.7674 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Oct;113(10):1455-62. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7674.

PMID- 17168218
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070130
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 1077-3525 (Print)
IS  - 1077-3525 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 4
DP  - 2006 Oct-Dec
TI  - Biological monitoring of pesticide exposures among applicators and their children in 
      Nicaragua.
PG  - 312-20
AB  - Exposures were assessed for seven small-scale farmers using chlorpyrifos on corn and 
      ten banana plantation employees applying diazinon, and for one child of each worker. 
      Metabolites (TCPYand IMPY) were measured in urine before and after applications. 
      TCPY concentrations peaked at 27 and 8.5 hours post-application for applicators and 
      children, respectively (geometric means, 26 and 3.0 microg/L). Proximity to spraying 
      and spray mixture preparation in homes were important exposure factors. IMPY 
      concentrations differed substantially across workers at two plantations (geometric 
      means, 1.3 and 168 mirog/L); however, their children had little or no diazinon 
      exposure. These workers and children were also exposed to chlorpyrifos, most likely 
      through contact with chlorpyrifos-impregnated bags used in banana production. 
      Several recommendations are offered: (1) monitor children's activities during 
      applications; (2) do not store or prepare pesticides in homes; (3) institute sound 
      occupational hygiene practices at banana plantations; (4) dispose of plastic 
      insecticide bags properly at the worksite.
FAU - Rodríguez, Teresa
AU  - Rodríguez T
AD  - Programa de Salud Ocupacional y Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 
      Nicaragua, León.
FAU - Younglove, Lisa
AU  - Younglove L
FAU - Lu, Chensheng
AU  - Lu C
FAU - Funez, Aura
AU  - Funez A
FAU - Weppner, Sarah
AU  - Weppner S
FAU - Barr, Dana B
AU  - Barr DB
FAU - Fenske, Richard A
AU  - Fenske RA
LA  - eng
GR  - 5 D43 TW00642/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5 U50 OH07544/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Occup Environ Health
JT  - International journal of occupational and environmental health
JID - 9505217
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
EDAT- 2006/12/16 09:00
MHDA- 2007/01/31 09:00
CRDT- 2006/12/16 09:00
PHST- 2006/12/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/01/31 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2006/12/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1179/oeh.2006.12.4.312 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Occup Environ Health. 2006 Oct-Dec;12(4):312-20. doi: 
      10.1179/oeh.2006.12.4.312.

PMID- 24928299
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150402
LR  - 20140722
IS  - 1877-783X (Electronic)
IS  - 1877-7821 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Aug
TI  - Childhood leukemia mortality and farming exposure in South Korea: A national 
      population-based birth cohort study.
PG  - 401-7
LID - S1877-7821(14)00095-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.canep.2014.05.003 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between leukemia 
      mortality and exposure to farming among children in South Korea. METHODS: A 
      retrospective cohort study of South Korean children was conducted using data 
      collected by the national birth register between 1995 and 2006; these data were then 
      individually linked to death data. A cohort of 6,479,406 children was followed from 
      birth until either their death or until December 31, 2006. For surrogate measures of 
      pesticide exposure, we used residence at birth, paternal occupation, and month of 
      conception from the birth certificate. Farming and pesticide exposure indexes by 
      county were calculated using information derived from the 2000 agricultural census. 
      Poisson regression analyses were used to calculate rate ratios (RRs) of childhood 
      leukemia deaths according to indices of exposure to agricultural pesticides after 
      adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: In total 585 leukemia deaths were 
      observed during the study period. Childhood leukemia mortality was significantly 
      elevated in children born in rural areas (RR=1.43, 95%CI 1.09-1.86) compared to 
      those in metropolises, and in counties with both the highest farming index (RR=1.33, 
      95%CI 1.04-1.69) and pesticide exposure index (RR=1.30, 95%CI 1.02-1.66) compared to 
      those in the reference group. However, exposure-response associations were 
      significant only in relation to the farming index. When the analyses were limited to 
      rural areas, the risk of death from leukemia among boys conceived between spring and 
      fall increased over those conceived in winter. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show an 
      increase in mortality from childhood leukemia in rural areas; however, further 
      studies are warranted to investigate the environmental factors contributing to the 
      excess mortality from childhood leukemia in rural areas.
CI  - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Cha, Eun Shil
AU  - Cha ES
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, South 
      Korea.
FAU - Hwang, Seung-sik
AU  - Hwang SS
AD  - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, 
      South Korea.
FAU - Lee, Won Jin
AU  - Lee WJ
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, South 
      Korea. Electronic address: leewj@korea.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140610
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Cancer Epidemiol
JT  - Cancer epidemiology
JID - 101508793
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Agriculture
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukemia/*mortality
MH  - Male
MH  - Pesticides/adverse effects
MH  - Republic of Korea/epidemiology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cancer
OT  - Children
OT  - Cohort
OT  - Death
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Rural
OT  - Seasonal variation
EDAT- 2014/06/15 06:00
MHDA- 2015/04/04 06:00
CRDT- 2014/06/15 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/04/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/05/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/06/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/06/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/04/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1877-7821(14)00095-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.canep.2014.05.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cancer Epidemiol. 2014 Aug;38(4):401-7. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.05.003. Epub 2014 
      Jun 10.

PMID- 33918339
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210519
LR  - 20210519
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 7
DP  - 2021 Apr 2
TI  - Cumulative Pesticides Exposure of Children and Their Parents Living near Vineyards 
      by Hair Analysis.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph18073723 [doi]
LID - 3723
AB  - The aim of the present work was the application of hair biomonitoring to investigate 
      exposure to pesticides in children and their parents residing in a vineyard area. 
      Thirty-three children and 16 parents were involved in the study. Hair samples were 
      self-collected before and after the application season (PRE- and POST-EXP samples). 
      Information on study subjects and the use of pesticides in the area were obtained. 
      Thirty-nine pesticides were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass 
      spectrometry, and thirty-one pesticides were quantifiable in at least one hair 
      sample. Most frequently detected pesticides were chlorpyrifos, cycloxidim, 
      dimethomorph, metalaxyl, spiroxamine, and tetraconazole. From PRE-EXP to POST-EXP 
      the percentage of quantification and/or the concentration of pesticides increased; 
      the concentration was typically in the low pg/mg hair range with comparable levels 
      in children and parents. An inverse correlation was found between the total exposure 
      to pesticides in POST-EXP hair samples and the distance between home and the treated 
      fields (Spearman ρ = -0.380, p = 0.01). The results of this study show that the 
      majority of the study pesticides were measured in the hair of subjects living in the 
      close proximity of treated vineyards, supporting the determination of pesticides in 
      hair for the purpose of biomonitoring cumulative exposure in the general population.
FAU - Polledri, Elisa
AU  - Polledri E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9625-3656
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di 
      Milano, Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 Milan, Italy.
FAU - Mercadante, Rosa
AU  - Mercadante R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9011-6861
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di 
      Milano, Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 Milan, Italy.
FAU - Consonni, Dario
AU  - Consonni D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8935-3843
AD  - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 
      Milan, Italy.
FAU - Fustinoni, Silvia
AU  - Fustinoni S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0287-7338
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di 
      Milano, Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 Milan, Italy.
AD  - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 
      Milan, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210402
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Farms
MH  - Hair/chemistry
MH  - Hair Analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
PMC - PMC8038297
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *biomonitoring
OT  - *child
OT  - *hair
OT  - *pesticides
OT  - *vineyards
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/20 06:00
CRDT- 2021/04/30 01:09
PHST- 2021/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/30 01:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijerph18073723 [pii]
AID - ijerph-18-03723 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph18073723 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 2;18(7):3723. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073723.

