### Path Traversal
- Implement proper input validation and sanitization to prevent user-supplied input from containing directory traversal sequences.
- Use whitelisting or allowlisting approaches to validate and restrict input for file paths.
- Ensure that the extracted file paths are constructed based on trusted and validated information rather than relying solely on user-provided data.
- Restrict the extraction process to a specific directory or set of allowed directories.

**Code Examples:**

- Dart
```dart
import 'dart:io';
import 'archive/archive.dart';

void extractZipFile(String path) {
  File file = File(path);
  Archive archive = ZipDecoder().decodeBytes(file.readAsBytesSync());

  for (ArchiveFile archiveFile in archive) {
    String extractedFilePath = '/tmp/' + sanitizeFilePath(archiveFile.name);

    // Check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
    if (isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(extractedFilePath)) {
      File extractedFile = File(extractedFilePath);
      extractedFile.createSync(recursive: true);
      extractedFile.writeAsBytesSync(archiveFile.content);
    }
  }
}

String sanitizeFilePath(String filePath) {
  // Implement logic to sanitize the file path and remove any potentially harmful characters or sequences
  // Return the sanitized file path
}

bool isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(String filePath) {
  // Implement logic to check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
  // Return true if the file path is allowed, false otherwise
}
```

- Kotlin
```kotlin
import java.io.File
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry
import java.util.zip.ZipFile

fun extractZipFile(path: String) {
    val file = File(path)
    val zipFile = ZipFile(file)

    val destinationDir = File("/tmp/")
    val zipEntries = zipFile.entries()

    while (zipEntries.hasMoreElements()) {
        val zipEntry = zipEntries.nextElement()
        val extractedFilePath = sanitizeFilePath(zipEntry.name)

        // Check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
        if (isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(extractedFilePath)) {
            val extractedFile = File(destinationDir, extractedFilePath)
            extractedFile.parentFile.mkdirs()
            extractedFile.outputStream().use { outputStream ->
                zipFile.getInputStream(zipEntry).copyTo(outputStream)
            }
        }
    }
    zipFile.close()
}

fun sanitizeFilePath(filePath: String): String {
    // Implement logic to sanitize the file path and remove any potentially harmful characters or sequences
    // Return the sanitized file path
}

fun isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(filePath: String): Boolean {
    // Implement logic to check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
    // Return true if the file path is allowed, false otherwise
}
```

- Swift
```Swift
import Foundation

func extractZipFile(path: String) {
    guard let archive = Archive(url: URL(fileURLWithPath: path), accessMode: .read) else {
        return
    }

    let destinationDir = URL(fileURLWithPath: "/tmp/")

    for entry in archive {
        let extractedFilePath = sanitizeFilePath(entry.path)

        // Check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
        if isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(extractedFilePath) {
            let extractedFileURL = destinationDir.appendingPathComponent(extractedFilePath)

            do {
                try archive.extract(entry, to: extractedFileURL)
            } catch {
                print("Error extracting file: \(error)")
            }
        }
    }
}

func sanitizeFilePath(_ filePath: String) -> String {
    // Implement logic to sanitize the file path and remove any potentially harmful characters or sequences
    // Return the sanitized file path
}

func isPathWithinAllowedDirectory(_ filePath: String) -> Bool {
    // Implement logic to check if the extracted file path is within the allowed directory
    // Return true if the file path is allowed, false otherwise
}
```

### Zip Symbolic Link
- Before extracting files, check for symbolic links within the ZIP archive and ensure they are not followed blindly during extraction.
- Validate and sanitize the symbolic link target to prevent directory traversal or access to sensitive system files.
- Use platform-specific functions or libraries that handle symbolic links securely and prevent the creation of malicious links.
- Limit the extraction process to known-safe locations and avoid allowing symbolic links to be created outside of those boundaries.
- Ignore symlinks

**Code Examples:**

- Dart
```dart
import 'dart:io';
import 'archive/archive.dart';
import 'path';

void extractZipFile(String path) {
  File file = File(path);
  Archive archive = ZipDecoder().decodeBytes(file.readAsBytesSync());

  for (ArchiveFile archiveFile in archive) {
    if (!isSymbolicLink(archiveFile)) {
      // Extract regular file
      String extractedFilePath = '/tmp/' + sanitizePath(archiveFile.name);
      File extractedFile = File(extractedFilePath);
      extractedFile.createSync(recursive: true);
      extractedFile.writeAsBytesSync(archiveFile.content);
    } 
  }
}

bool isSymbolicLink(ArchiveFile archiveFile) {
  // Implement platform-specific logic to check if the file is a symbolic link
  // Return true if it is a symbolic link, false otherwise
} 
```

- Kotlin
```Kotlin
import java.io.File
import java.nio.file.FileSystems
import java.nio.file.Files
import java.nio.file.Path
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream

fun extractZipFile(path: String) {
    val file = File(path)
    val zipInput = ZipInputStream(file.inputStream())
    var entry = zipInput.nextEntry
    while (entry != null) {
        if (!isSymbolicLink(entry)) {
            // Extract regular file
            val extractedFilePath = File("/tmp", sanitizePath(entry.name))
            extractedFilePath.parentFile.mkdirs()
            Files.copy(zipInput, extractedFilePath.toPath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING)
        } 
        entry = zipInput.nextEntry
    }
}

fun isSymbolicLink(entry: ZipEntry): Boolean {
    // Implement platform-specific logic to check if the entry is a symbolic link
    // Return true if it is a symbolic link, false otherwise
}
```

- Swift
```Swift
import Foundation
import ZIPFoundation

func extractZipFile(path: String) {
    let fileManager = FileManager.default
    guard let archive = Archive(url: URL(fileURLWithPath: path), accessMode: .read) else {
        return
    }

    for entry in archive {
        if !isSymbolicLink(entry) {
            // Extract regular file
            let extractedFilePath = "/tmp/" + sanitizePath(entry.path)
            let extractedFileURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: extractedFilePath)
            fileManager.createFile(atPath: extractedFilePath, contents: entry.data, attributes: nil)
        } 
    }
}

func isSymbolicLink(_ entry: Entry) -> Bool {
    // Implement platform-specific logic to check if the entry is a symbolic link
    // Return true if it is a symbolic link, false otherwise
}
```

### Zip Extension Spoofing
- Perform additional checks or validations on the extracted files to ensure that their true file type matches the expected extension.
- Consider using file signatures or magic numbers to verify the file's content and compare it with the indicated extension.
- Implement file type verification based on both the extension and the file header to ensure consistency.
- Consider using third-party libraries or tools specifically designed to handle ZIP files securely, as they may provide built-in protection against extension spoofing attacks.

**Code Examples:**

```Dart
import 'dart:io';
import 'archive/archive.dart';
import 'path';

void extractZipFile(String path) {
  File file = File(path);
  Archive archive = ZipDecoder().decodeBytes(file.readAsBytesSync());

  for (ArchiveFile archiveFile in archive) {
    // Mitigation: Validate the file type by comparing the extension and file header
    if (isFileExtensionValid(archiveFile) && isFileHeaderValid(archiveFile)) {
      String extractedFilePath = '/tmp/' + sanitizePath(archiveFile.name);
      File extractedFile = File(extractedFilePath);
      extractedFile.createSync(recursive: true);
      extractedFile.writeAsBytesSync(archiveFile.content);
    } else {
      // Handle case when file type does not match the expected extension
      print('Invalid file type detected: ${archiveFile.name}');
    }
  }
}

bool isFileExtensionValid(ArchiveFile archiveFile) {
  // Implement logic to validate the file extension against expected extensions
  // Return true if the file extension is valid, false otherwise
}

bool isFileHeaderValid(ArchiveFile archiveFile) {
  // Implement logic to validate the file header and ensure it matches the expected file type
  // Return true if the file header is valid, false otherwise
}
```

- Kotlin
```kotlin
import java.io.File
import java.nio.file.FileSystems
import java.nio.file.Files
import java.nio.file.Path
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption
import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream

fun extractZipFile(path: String) {
    val file = File(path)
    val zipInput = ZipInputStream(file.inputStream())
    var entry = zipInput.nextEntry
    while (entry != null) {
        // Mitigation: Validate the file type by comparing the extension and file header
        if (isFileExtensionValid(entry) && isFileHeaderValid(entry)) {
            val extractedFilePath = File("/tmp", sanitizePath(entry.name))
            extractedFilePath.parentFile.mkdirs()
            Files.copy(zipInput, extractedFilePath.toPath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING)
        } else {
            // Handle case when file type does not match the expected extension
            println("Invalid file type detected: ${entry.name}")
        }
        entry = zipInput.nextEntry
    }
}

fun isFileExtensionValid(entry: ZipEntry): Boolean {
    // Implement logic to validate the file extension against expected extensions
    // Return true if the file extension is valid, false otherwise
}

fun isFileHeaderValid(entry: ZipEntry): Boolean {
    // Implement logic to validate the file header and ensure it matches the expected file type
    // Return true if the file header is valid, false otherwise
}
```

- Swift
```Swift
import Foundation
import ZIPFoundation

func extractZipFile(path: String) {
    let fileManager = FileManager.default
    guard let archive = Archive(url: URL(fileURLWithPath: path), accessMode: .read) else {
        return
    }

    for entry in archive {
        // Mitigation: Validate the file type by comparing the extension and file header
        if isFileExtensionValid(entry) && isFileHeaderValid(entry) {
            let extractedFilePath = "/tmp/" + sanitizePath(entry.path)
            let extractedFileURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: extractedFilePath)
            fileManager.createFile(atPath: extractedFilePath, contents: entry.data, attributes: nil)
        } else {
            // Handle case when file type does not match the expected extension
            print("Invalid file type detected: \(entry.path)")
        }
    }
}

func isFileExtensionValid(_ entry: Entry) -> Bool {
    // Implement logic to validate the file extension against expected extensions
    // Return true if the file extension is valid, false otherwise
}

func isFileHeaderValid(_ entry: Entry) -> Bool {
    // Implement logic to validate the file header and ensure it matches the expected file type
    // Return true if the file header is valid, false otherwise
}
```