"""
Client identity and security management for multi-tenant MCP resources.

Provides secure client identification, connection pooling, and resource isolation.
"""

import hashlib
import logging
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any
from uuid import uuid4

from fastmcp import Context
from splunklib import client

from src.client.splunk_client import get_splunk_service

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


@dataclass
class ClientIdentity:
    """Secure client identity for resource isolation"""

    client_id: str  # Secure hash of client configuration
    session_id: str  # MCP session identifier
    config_hash: str  # Hash of Splunk configuration
    splunk_host: str  # Splunk host for auditing
    created_at: float  # Timestamp for cleanup


class ClientConnectionManager:
    """
    Manages client-specific Splunk connections with security isolation.

    Features:
    - Client identity based on configuration hash
    - Connection pooling per client
    - Automatic cleanup of idle connections
    - Security validation and audit logging
    """

    def __init__(self, max_connections_per_client: int = 5, idle_timeout: int = 3600):
        self._connections: dict[str, client.Service] = {}
        self._client_identities: dict[str, ClientIdentity] = {}
        self._max_connections_per_client = max_connections_per_client
        self._idle_timeout = idle_timeout
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(f"{__name__}.{self.__class__.__name__}")

    def create_client_identity(self, ctx: Context, client_config: dict[str, Any]) -> ClientIdentity:
        """
        Create secure client identity from configuration.

        Args:
            ctx: MCP context containing session info
            client_config: Client's Splunk configuration

        Returns:
            ClientIdentity with secure hash-based ID
        """
        # Create deterministic hash of client configuration for identity
        config_str = self._normalize_config_for_hash(client_config)
        config_hash = hashlib.sha256(config_str.encode()).hexdigest()[:16]

        # Get session ID from context
        session_id = self._extract_session_id(ctx)

        # Create secure client ID (config hash + session prefix)
        client_id = f"client_{config_hash}_{session_id[:8]}"

        identity = ClientIdentity(
            client_id=client_id,
            session_id=session_id,
            config_hash=config_hash,
            splunk_host=client_config.get("splunk_host", "unknown"),
            created_at=time.time(),
        )

        self._client_identities[client_id] = identity

        # Security audit log
        self.logger.info(f"Created client identity: {client_id} for host: {identity.splunk_host}")

        return identity

    async def get_client_connection(
        self, ctx: Context, client_config: dict[str, Any]
    ) -> tuple[ClientIdentity, client.Service]:
        """
        Get or create Splunk connection for client with security validation.

        Args:
            ctx: MCP context
            client_config: Client's Splunk configuration

        Returns:
            Tuple of (ClientIdentity, Splunk Service)

        Raises:
            SecurityError: If client validation fails
            ConnectionError: If Splunk connection fails
        """
        # Check if this is a server default configuration
        is_default_config = client_config.get("_is_default", False)

        if is_default_config:
            # For default server config, use a special approach
            return await self._get_default_connection(ctx, client_config)

        # Regular client-specific connection handling
        identity = self.create_client_identity(ctx, client_config)

        # Check for existing connection
        if identity.client_id in self._connections:
            try:
                service = self._connections[identity.client_id]
                # Validate connection is still alive
                service.info()  # Simple ping
                self.logger.debug(f"Reusing connection for client: {identity.client_id}")
                return identity, service
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.warning(f"Stale connection for client {identity.client_id}: {e}")
                del self._connections[identity.client_id]

        # Create new connection with security validation
        try:
            self._validate_client_config(client_config)
            service = get_splunk_service(client_config)

            # Store connection
            self._connections[identity.client_id] = service

            # Security audit log
            self.logger.info(f"Established Splunk connection for client: {identity.client_id}")

            return identity, service

        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error(f"Failed to create connection for client {identity.client_id}: {e}")
            raise ConnectionError(f"Failed to connect to Splunk: {str(e)}") from e

    async def _get_default_connection(
        self, ctx: Context, client_config: dict[str, Any]
    ) -> tuple[ClientIdentity, client.Service]:
        """
        Get or create connection using server default configuration.

        This method handles the case where no client-specific configuration is provided
        and falls back to the server's default Splunk connection.

        Args:
            ctx: MCP context
            client_config: Server default configuration

        Returns:
            Tuple of (ClientIdentity, Splunk Service)
        """
        # Create a special identity for default connections
        session_id = self._extract_session_id(ctx)
        default_client_id = f"default_server_{session_id[:8]}"

        # Check if we have an error in the default config
        if "_error" in client_config:
            self.logger.error(f"Server default config has errors: {client_config['_error']}")
            # Try to use the server's lifespan connection instead
            return await self._try_lifespan_connection(ctx, default_client_id)

        identity = ClientIdentity(
            client_id=default_client_id,
            session_id=session_id,
            config_hash="default_server",
            splunk_host=client_config.get("splunk_host", "server_default"),
            created_at=time.time(),
        )

        # Check for existing default connection
        if default_client_id in self._connections:
            try:
                service = self._connections[default_client_id]
                service.info()  # Validate connection
                self.logger.debug("Reusing default server connection")
                return identity, service
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.warning(f"Stale default connection: {e}")
                del self._connections[default_client_id]

        # Try to create connection with default config
        try:
            # Use more lenient validation for default config
            self._validate_default_config(client_config)
            service = get_splunk_service(client_config)

            # Store connection
            self._connections[default_client_id] = service
            self._client_identities[default_client_id] = identity

            self.logger.info(f"Established default Splunk connection for session: {session_id}")
            return identity, service

        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.warning(f"Failed to create default connection: {e}")
            # Fallback to lifespan connection
            return await self._try_lifespan_connection(ctx, default_client_id)

    async def _try_lifespan_connection(
        self, ctx: Context, client_id: str
    ) -> tuple[ClientIdentity, client.Service]:
        """
        Try to use the server's lifespan Splunk connection as a fallback.

        Args:
            ctx: MCP context
            client_id: Client identifier

        Returns:
            Tuple of (ClientIdentity, Splunk Service)
        """
        try:
            # Try to access the lifespan context service
            from src.client.splunk_client import get_splunk_service_safe

            service = get_splunk_service_safe(None)

            if service:
                session_id = self._extract_session_id(ctx)
                identity = ClientIdentity(
                    client_id=client_id,
                    session_id=session_id,
                    config_hash="lifespan_server",
                    splunk_host="server_lifespan",
                    created_at=time.time(),
                )

                # Don't store this connection as it's managed by the server lifespan
                self._client_identities[client_id] = identity

                self.logger.info("Using server lifespan connection for default access")
                return identity, service
            else:
                raise ConnectionError("No server lifespan connection available")

        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error(f"Failed to access lifespan connection: {e}")
            raise ConnectionError(
                f"No Splunk connection available (default or lifespan): {str(e)}"
            ) from e

    def _validate_default_config(self, config: dict[str, Any]):
        """
        Validate default server configuration with more lenient rules.

        Args:
            config: Server default configuration

        Raises:
            SecurityError: If configuration is critically invalid
        """
        # For default config, we're more lenient since it's server-controlled
        # Check for minimum required fields
        if not config.get("splunk_host"):
            raise SecurityError("Default config missing Splunk host")

        # Basic format validation
        host = config["splunk_host"]
        if not isinstance(host, str) or len(host.strip()) == 0:
            raise SecurityError("Invalid default Splunk host format")

        # Port validation (if specified)
        port = config.get("splunk_port", 8089)
        if not isinstance(port, int) or port < 1 or port > 65535:
            raise SecurityError("Invalid default port number")

    def _normalize_config_for_hash(self, config: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
        """
        Normalize client config for consistent hashing.

        Only includes connection-relevant fields, excludes passwords.
        """
        normalized = {
            "host": config.get("splunk_host", "").lower(),
            "port": config.get("splunk_port", 8089),
            "username": config.get("splunk_username", "").lower(),
            "scheme": config.get("splunk_scheme", "https").lower(),
        }

        # Sort keys for consistent hashing
        return "|".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in sorted(normalized.items()))

    def _extract_session_id(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
        """Extract session ID from MCP context"""
        try:
            # Try multiple sources for session ID
            if hasattr(ctx, "session") and ctx.session:
                return str(ctx.session.session_id)[:16]
            elif hasattr(ctx.request_context, "request") and hasattr(
                ctx.request_context.request, "headers"
            ):
                # Look for session header
                headers = ctx.request_context.request.headers
                session_id = headers.get("x-session-id") or headers.get("authorization", "")[:16]
                if session_id:
                    return session_id
        except Exception:
            pass  # Intentionally suppressed: session extraction is best-effort

        # Fallback to generated ID
        return uuid4().hex[:16]

    def _validate_client_config(self, config: dict[str, Any]):
        """
        Validate client configuration for security.

        Raises:
            SecurityError: If configuration is invalid or unsafe
        """
        required_fields = ["splunk_host", "splunk_username", "splunk_password"]

        for field in required_fields:
            if not config.get(field):
                raise SecurityError(f"Required field missing: {field}")

        # Validate host format (prevent injection)
        host = config["splunk_host"]
        if not isinstance(host, str) or len(host.strip()) == 0:
            raise SecurityError("Invalid Splunk host format")

        # Additional security validations
        if len(config["splunk_username"]) > 100:
            raise SecurityError("Username too long")

        port = config.get("splunk_port", 8089)
        if not isinstance(port, int) or port < 1 or port > 65535:
            raise SecurityError("Invalid port number")

    def cleanup_idle_connections(self):
        """Clean up idle client connections"""
        import time

        current_time = time.time()

        expired_clients = []
        for client_id, identity in self._client_identities.items():
            if current_time - identity.created_at > self._idle_timeout:
                expired_clients.append(client_id)

        for client_id in expired_clients:
            self._remove_client(client_id)
            self.logger.info(f"Cleaned up idle client: {client_id}")

    def _remove_client(self, client_id: str):
        """Remove client and cleanup resources"""
        if client_id in self._connections:
            try:
                self._connections[client_id].logout()
            except Exception:
                pass  # Intentionally suppressed: logout failure during cleanup is non-critical
            del self._connections[client_id]

        if client_id in self._client_identities:
            del self._client_identities[client_id]


class SecurityError(Exception):
    """Security validation error"""

    pass


# Global client manager instance
_client_manager = ClientConnectionManager()


def get_client_manager() -> ClientConnectionManager:
    """Get the global client connection manager"""
    return _client_manager
