"""
==================================================
Compare sampler combining over- and under-sampling
==================================================

This example shows the effect of applying an under-sampling algorithms after
SMOTE over-sampling. In the literature, Tomek's link and edited nearest
neighbours are the two methods which have been used and are available in
imbalanced-learn.
"""

# Authors: Guillaume Lemaitre <g.lemaitre58@gmail.com>
# License: MIT

# %%
print(__doc__)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

sns.set_context("poster")


# %% [markdown]
# Dataset generation
# ------------------
#
# We will create an imbalanced dataset with a couple of samples. We will use
# :func:`~sklearn.datasets.make_classification` to generate this dataset.

# %%
from sklearn.datasets import make_classification

X, y = make_classification(
    n_samples=100,
    n_features=2,
    n_informative=2,
    n_redundant=0,
    n_repeated=0,
    n_classes=3,
    n_clusters_per_class=1,
    weights=[0.1, 0.2, 0.7],
    class_sep=0.8,
    random_state=0,
)

# %%
_, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6, 6))
ax.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y, alpha=0.8, edgecolor="k")

# %% [markdown]
# The following function will be used to plot the sample space after resampling
# to illustrate the characteristic of an algorithm.

# %%
from collections import Counter


def plot_resampling(X, y, sampler, ax):
    """Plot the resampled dataset using the sampler."""
    X_res, y_res = sampler.fit_resample(X, y)
    ax.scatter(X_res[:, 0], X_res[:, 1], c=y_res, alpha=0.8, edgecolor="k")
    sns.despine(ax=ax, offset=10)
    ax.set_title(f"Decision function for {sampler.__class__.__name__}")
    return Counter(y_res)


# %% [markdown]
# The following function will be used to plot the decision function of a
# classifier given some data.

# %%
import numpy as np


def plot_decision_function(X, y, clf, ax):
    """Plot the decision function of the classifier and the original data"""
    plot_step = 0.02
    x_min, x_max = X[:, 0].min() - 1, X[:, 0].max() + 1
    y_min, y_max = X[:, 1].min() - 1, X[:, 1].max() + 1
    xx, yy = np.meshgrid(
        np.arange(x_min, x_max, plot_step), np.arange(y_min, y_max, plot_step)
    )

    Z = clf.predict(np.c_[xx.ravel(), yy.ravel()])
    Z = Z.reshape(xx.shape)
    ax.contourf(xx, yy, Z, alpha=0.4)
    ax.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], alpha=0.8, c=y, edgecolor="k")
    ax.set_title(f"Resampling using {clf[0].__class__.__name__}")


# %% [markdown]
# :class:`~imblearn.over_sampling.SMOTE` allows to generate samples. However,
# this method of over-sampling does not have any knowledge regarding the
# underlying distribution. Therefore, some noisy samples can be generated, e.g.
# when the different classes cannot be well separated. Hence, it can be
# beneficial to apply an under-sampling algorithm to clean the noisy samples.
# Two methods are usually used in the literature: (i) Tomek's link and (ii)
# edited nearest neighbours cleaning methods. Imbalanced-learn provides two
# ready-to-use samplers :class:`~imblearn.combine.SMOTETomek` and
# :class:`~imblearn.combine.SMOTEENN`. In general,
# :class:`~imblearn.combine.SMOTEENN` cleans more noisy data than
# :class:`~imblearn.combine.SMOTETomek`.

# %%
from imblearn.over_sampling import SMOTE
from imblearn.combine import SMOTEENN, SMOTETomek
from imblearn.pipeline import make_pipeline
from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC

samplers = [SMOTE(random_state=0), SMOTEENN(random_state=0), SMOTETomek(random_state=0)]

fig, axs = plt.subplots(3, 2, figsize=(15, 25))
for ax, sampler in zip(axs, samplers):
    clf = make_pipeline(sampler, LinearSVC()).fit(X, y)
    plot_decision_function(X, y, clf, ax[0])
    plot_resampling(X, y, sampler, ax[1])
fig.tight_layout()

plt.show()
