"""This module contains the data classes that represent resolvable names and expressions."""

from __future__ import annotations

import ast
import sys
from dataclasses import dataclass
from dataclasses import fields as getfields
from functools import partial
from itertools import zip_longest
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Sequence

from griffe.enumerations import ParameterKind
from griffe.exceptions import NameResolutionError
from griffe.logger import LogLevel, get_logger

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from pathlib import Path

    from griffe.dataclasses import Class, Module


logger = get_logger(__name__)


def _yield(element: str | Expr | tuple[str | Expr, ...], *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:
    if isinstance(element, str):
        yield element
    elif isinstance(element, tuple):
        for elem in element:
            yield from _yield(elem, flat=flat)
    elif flat:
        yield from element.iterate(flat=True)
    else:
        yield element


def _join(
    elements: Iterable[str | Expr | tuple[str | Expr, ...]],
    joint: str | Expr,
    *,
    flat: bool = True,
) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:
    it = iter(elements)
    try:
        yield from _yield(next(it), flat=flat)
    except StopIteration:
        return
    for element in it:
        yield from _yield(joint, flat=flat)
        yield from _yield(element, flat=flat)


def _field_as_dict(
    element: str | bool | Expr | list[str | Expr] | None,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> str | bool | None | list | dict:
    if isinstance(element, Expr):
        return _expr_as_dict(element, **kwargs)
    if isinstance(element, list):
        return [_field_as_dict(elem, **kwargs) for elem in element]
    return element


def _expr_as_dict(expression: Expr, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
    fields = {
        field.name: _field_as_dict(getattr(expression, field.name), **kwargs)
        for field in sorted(getfields(expression), key=lambda f: f.name)
        if field.name != "parent"
    }
    fields["cls"] = expression.classname
    return fields


# TODO: Merge in decorators once Python 3.9 is dropped.
dataclass_opts: dict[str, bool] = {}
if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
    dataclass_opts["slots"] = True


@dataclass
class Expr:
    """Base class for expressions."""

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        return "".join(elem if isinstance(elem, str) else elem.name for elem in self.iterate(flat=True))  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:
        yield from self.iterate(flat=False)

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: ARG002
        """Iterate on the expression elements.

        Parameters:
            flat: Expressions are trees.

                When flat is false, this method iterates only on the first layer of the tree.
                To iterate on all the subparts of the expression, you have to do so recursively.
                It allows to handle each subpart specifically (for example subscripts, attribute, etc.),
                without them getting rendered as strings.

                On the contrary, when flat is true, the whole tree is flattened as a sequence
                of strings and instances of [Names][griffe.expressions.ExprName].

        Yields:
            Strings and names when flat, strings and expressions otherwise.
        """
        yield from ()

    def as_dict(self, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Return the expression as a dictionary.

        Parameters:
            **kwargs: Configuration options (none available yet).


        Returns:
            A dictionary.
        """
        return _expr_as_dict(self, **kwargs)

    @property
    def classname(self) -> str:
        """The expression class name."""
        return self.__class__.__name__

    @property
    def path(self) -> str:
        """Path of the expressed name/attribute."""
        return str(self)

    @property
    def canonical_path(self) -> str:
        """Path of the expressed name/attribute."""
        return str(self)

    @property
    def canonical_name(self) -> str:
        """Name of the expressed name/attribute."""
        return self.canonical_path.rsplit(".", 1)[-1]

    @property
    def is_classvar(self) -> bool:
        """Whether this attribute is annotated with `ClassVar`."""
        return isinstance(self, ExprSubscript) and self.canonical_name == "ClassVar"

    @property
    def is_tuple(self) -> bool:
        """Whether this expression is a tuple."""
        return isinstance(self, ExprSubscript) and self.canonical_name.lower() == "tuple"

    @property
    def is_iterator(self) -> bool:
        """Whether this expression is an iterator."""
        return isinstance(self, ExprSubscript) and self.canonical_name == "Iterator"

    @property
    def is_generator(self) -> bool:
        """Whether this expression is a generator."""
        return isinstance(self, ExprSubscript) and self.canonical_name == "Generator"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprAttribute(Expr):
    """Attributes like `a.b`."""

    values: list[str | Expr]
    """The different parts of the dotted chain."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _join(self.values, ".", flat=flat)

    def append(self, value: ExprName) -> None:
        """Append a name to this attribute.

        Parameters:
            value: The expression name to append.
        """
        if value.parent is None:
            value.parent = self.last
        self.values.append(value)

    @property
    def last(self) -> ExprName:
        """The last part of this attribute (on the right)."""
        # All values except the first one can *only* be names:
        # we can't do `a.(b or c)` or `a."string"`.
        return self.values[-1]  # type: ignore[return-value]

    @property
    def first(self) -> str | Expr:
        """The first part of this attribute (on the left)."""
        return self.values[0]

    @property
    def path(self) -> str:
        """The path of this attribute."""
        return self.last.path

    @property
    def canonical_path(self) -> str:
        """The canonical path of this attribute."""
        return self.last.canonical_path


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprBinOp(Expr):
    """Binary operations like `a + b`."""

    left: str | Expr
    """Left part."""
    operator: str
    """Binary operator."""
    right: str | Expr
    """Right part."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.left, flat=flat)
        yield f" {self.operator} "
        yield from _yield(self.right, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprBoolOp(Expr):
    """Boolean operations like `a or b`."""

    operator: str
    """Boolean operator."""
    values: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Operands."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _join(self.values, f" {self.operator} ", flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprCall(Expr):
    """Calls like `f()`."""

    function: Expr
    """Function called."""
    arguments: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Passed arguments."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.function, flat=flat)
        yield "("
        yield from _join(self.arguments, ", ", flat=flat)
        yield ")"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprCompare(Expr):
    """Comparisons like `a > b`."""

    left: str | Expr
    """Left part."""
    operators: Sequence[str]
    """Comparison operators."""
    comparators: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Things compared."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.left, flat=flat)
        yield " "
        yield from _join(zip_longest(self.operators, [], self.comparators, fillvalue=" "), " ", flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprComprehension(Expr):
    """Comprehensions like `a for b in c if d`."""

    target: str | Expr
    """Comprehension target (value added to the result)."""
    iterable: str | Expr
    """Value iterated on."""
    conditions: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Conditions to include the target in the result."""
    is_async: bool = False
    """Async comprehension or not."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        if self.is_async:
            yield "async "
        yield "for "
        yield from _yield(self.target, flat=flat)
        yield " in "
        yield from _yield(self.iterable, flat=flat)
        if self.conditions:
            yield " if "
            yield from _join(self.conditions, " if ", flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprConstant(Expr):
    """Constants like `"a"` or `1`."""

    value: str
    """Constant value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: ARG002,D102
        yield self.value


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprDict(Expr):
    """Dictionaries like `{"a": 0}`."""

    keys: Sequence[str | Expr | None]
    """Dict keys."""
    values: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Dict values."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "{"
        yield from _join(
            (("None" if key is None else key, ": ", value) for key, value in zip(self.keys, self.values)),
            ", ",
            flat=flat,
        )
        yield "}"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprDictComp(Expr):
    """Dict comprehensions like `{k: v for k, v in a}`."""

    key: str | Expr
    """Target key."""
    value: str | Expr
    """Target value."""
    generators: Sequence[Expr]
    """Generators iterated on."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "{"
        yield from _yield(self.key, flat=flat)
        yield ": "
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)
        yield from _join(self.generators, " ", flat=flat)
        yield "}"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprExtSlice(Expr):
    """Extended slice like `a[x:y, z]`."""

    dims: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Dims."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _join(self.dims, ", ", flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprFormatted(Expr):
    """Formatted string like `{1 + 1}`."""

    value: str | Expr
    """Formatted value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "{"
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)
        yield "}"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprGeneratorExp(Expr):
    """Generator expressions like `a for b in c for d in e`."""

    element: str | Expr
    """Yielded element."""
    generators: Sequence[Expr]
    """Generators iterated on."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.element, flat=flat)
        yield " "
        yield from _join(self.generators, " ", flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprIfExp(Expr):
    """Conditions like `a if b else c`."""

    body: str | Expr
    """Value if test."""
    test: str | Expr
    """Condition."""
    orelse: str | Expr
    """Other expression."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.body, flat=flat)
        yield " if "
        yield from _yield(self.test, flat=flat)
        yield " else "
        yield from _yield(self.orelse, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprJoinedStr(Expr):
    """Joined strings like `f"a {b} c"`."""

    values: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Joined values."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "f'"
        yield from _join(self.values, "", flat=flat)
        yield "'"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprKeyword(Expr):
    """Keyword arguments like `a=b`."""

    name: str
    """Name."""
    value: str | Expr
    """Value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield self.name
        yield "="
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprVarPositional(Expr):
    """Variadic positional parameters like `*args`."""

    value: Expr
    """Starred value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "*"
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprVarKeyword(Expr):
    """Variadic keyword parameters like `**kwargs`."""

    value: Expr
    """Double-starred value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "**"
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprLambda(Expr):
    """Lambda expressions like `lambda a: a.b`."""

    parameters: Sequence[ExprParameter]
    """Lambda's parameters."""
    body: str | Expr
    """Lambda's body."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "lambda "
        yield from _join(self.parameters, ", ", flat=flat)
        yield ": "
        yield from _yield(self.body, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprList(Expr):
    """Lists like `[0, 1, 2]`."""

    elements: Sequence[Expr]
    """List elements."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "["
        yield from _join(self.elements, ", ", flat=flat)
        yield "]"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprListComp(Expr):
    """List comprehensions like `[a for b in c]`."""

    element: str | Expr
    """Target value."""
    generators: Sequence[Expr]
    """Generators iterated on."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "["
        yield from _yield(self.element, flat=flat)
        yield " "
        yield from _join(self.generators, " ", flat=flat)
        yield "]"


@dataclass(eq=False, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprName(Expr):
    """This class represents a Python object identified by a name in a given scope."""

    name: str
    """Actual name."""
    parent: str | ExprName | Module | Class | None = None
    """Parent (for resolution in its scope)."""

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if isinstance(other, ExprName):
            return self.name == other.name
        return NotImplemented

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[ExprName]:  # noqa: ARG002,D102
        yield self

    @property
    def path(self) -> str:
        """The full, resolved name.

        If it was given when creating the name, return that.
        If a callable was given, call it and return its result.
        It the name cannot be resolved, return the source.
        """
        if isinstance(self.parent, ExprName):
            return f"{self.parent.path}.{self.name}"
        return self.name

    @property
    def canonical_path(self) -> str:
        """The canonical name (resolved one, not alias name)."""
        if self.parent is None:
            return self.name
        if isinstance(self.parent, ExprName):
            return f"{self.parent.canonical_path}.{self.name}"
        if isinstance(self.parent, str):
            return f"{self.parent}.{self.name}"
        try:
            return self.parent.resolve(self.name)
        except NameResolutionError:
            return self.name


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprNamedExpr(Expr):
    """Named/assignment expressions like `a := b`."""

    target: Expr
    """Target name."""
    value: str | Expr
    """Value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "("
        yield from _yield(self.target, flat=flat)
        yield " := "
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)
        yield ")"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprParameter(Expr):
    """Parameters in function signatures like `a: int = 0`."""

    kind: str
    """Parameter kind."""
    name: str | None = None
    """Parameter name."""
    annotation: Expr | None = None
    """Parameter type."""
    default: Expr | None = None
    """Parameter default."""


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprSet(Expr):
    """Sets like `{0, 1, 2}`."""

    elements: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Set elements."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "{"
        yield from _join(self.elements, ", ", flat=flat)
        yield "}"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprSetComp(Expr):
    """Set comprehensions like `{a for b in c}`."""

    element: str | Expr
    """Target value."""
    generators: Sequence[Expr]
    """Generators iterated on."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "{"
        yield from _yield(self.element, flat=flat)
        yield " "
        yield from _join(self.generators, " ", flat=flat)
        yield "}"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprSlice(Expr):
    """Slices like `[a:b:c]`."""

    lower: str | Expr | None = None
    """Lower bound."""
    upper: str | Expr | None = None
    """Upper bound."""
    step: str | Expr | None = None
    """Iteration step."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        if self.lower is not None:
            yield from _yield(self.lower, flat=flat)
        yield ":"
        if self.upper is not None:
            yield from _yield(self.upper, flat=flat)
        if self.step is not None:
            yield ":"
            yield from _yield(self.step, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprSubscript(Expr):
    """Subscripts like `a[b]`."""

    left: str | Expr
    """Left part."""
    slice: Expr
    """Slice part."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield from _yield(self.left, flat=flat)
        yield "["
        yield from _yield(self.slice, flat=flat)
        yield "]"

    @property
    def path(self) -> str:
        """The path of this subscript's left part."""
        if isinstance(self.left, str):
            return self.left
        return self.left.path

    @property
    def canonical_path(self) -> str:
        """The canonical path of this subscript's left part."""
        if isinstance(self.left, str):
            return self.left
        return self.left.canonical_path


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprTuple(Expr):
    """Tuples like `(0, 1, 2)`."""

    elements: Sequence[str | Expr]
    """Tuple elements."""
    implicit: bool = False
    """Whether the tuple is implicit (e.g. without parentheses in a subscript's slice)."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        if not self.implicit:
            yield "("
        yield from _join(self.elements, ", ", flat=flat)
        if not self.implicit:
            yield ")"


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprUnaryOp(Expr):
    """Unary operations like `-1`."""

    operator: str
    """Unary operator."""
    value: str | Expr
    """Value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield self.operator
        yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)


@dataclass(eq=True, **dataclass_opts)
class ExprYield(Expr):
    """Yield statements like `yield a`."""

    value: str | Expr | None = None
    """Yielded value."""

    def iterate(self, *, flat: bool = True) -> Iterator[str | Expr]:  # noqa: D102
        yield "yield"
        if self.value is not None:
            yield " "
            yield from _yield(self.value, flat=flat)


_unary_op_map = {
    ast.Invert: "~",
    ast.Not: "not ",
    ast.UAdd: "+",
    ast.USub: "-",
}

_binary_op_map = {
    ast.Add: "+",
    ast.BitAnd: "&",
    ast.BitOr: "|",
    ast.BitXor: "^",
    ast.Div: "/",
    ast.FloorDiv: "//",
    ast.LShift: "<<",
    ast.MatMult: "@",
    ast.Mod: "%",
    ast.Mult: "*",
    ast.Pow: "**",
    ast.RShift: ">>",
    ast.Sub: "-",
}

_bool_op_map = {
    ast.And: "and",
    ast.Or: "or",
}

_compare_op_map = {
    ast.Eq: "==",
    ast.NotEq: "!=",
    ast.Lt: "<",
    ast.LtE: "<=",
    ast.Gt: ">",
    ast.GtE: ">=",
    ast.Is: "is",
    ast.IsNot: "is not",
    ast.In: "in",
    ast.NotIn: "not in",
}


def _build_attribute(node: ast.Attribute, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    left = _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs)
    if isinstance(left, ExprAttribute):
        left.append(ExprName(node.attr))
        return left
    if isinstance(left, ExprName):
        return ExprAttribute([left, ExprName(node.attr, left)])
    if isinstance(left, str):
        return ExprAttribute([left, ExprName(node.attr, "str")])
    return ExprAttribute([left, ExprName(node.attr)])


def _build_binop(node: ast.BinOp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprBinOp(
        _build(node.left, parent, **kwargs),
        _binary_op_map[type(node.op)],
        _build(node.right, parent, **kwargs),
    )


def _build_boolop(node: ast.BoolOp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprBoolOp(
        _bool_op_map[type(node.op)],
        [_build(value, parent, **kwargs) for value in node.values],
    )


def _build_call(node: ast.Call, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    positional_args = [_build(arg, parent, **kwargs) for arg in node.args]
    keyword_args = [_build(kwarg, parent, **kwargs) for kwarg in node.keywords]
    return ExprCall(_build(node.func, parent, **kwargs), [*positional_args, *keyword_args])


def _build_compare(node: ast.Compare, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprCompare(
        _build(node.left, parent, **kwargs),
        [_compare_op_map[type(op)] for op in node.ops],
        [_build(comp, parent, **kwargs) for comp in node.comparators],
    )


def _build_comprehension(node: ast.comprehension, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprComprehension(
        _build(node.target, parent, **kwargs),
        _build(node.iter, parent, **kwargs),
        [_build(condition, parent, **kwargs) for condition in node.ifs],
        is_async=bool(node.is_async),
    )


def _build_constant(
    node: ast.Constant,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    in_formatted_str: bool = False,
    in_joined_str: bool = False,
    parse_strings: bool = False,
    literal_strings: bool = False,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> str | Expr:
    if isinstance(node.value, str):
        if in_joined_str and not in_formatted_str:
            # We're in a f-string, not in a formatted value, don't keep quotes.
            return node.value
        if parse_strings and not literal_strings:
            # We're in a place where a string could be a type annotation
            # (and not in a Literal[...] type annotation).
            # We parse the string and build from the resulting nodes again.
            # If we fail to parse it (syntax errors), we consider it's a literal string and log a message.
            try:
                parsed = compile(
                    node.value,
                    mode="eval",
                    filename="<string-annotation>",
                    flags=ast.PyCF_ONLY_AST,
                    optimize=1,
                )
            except SyntaxError:
                logger.debug(
                    f"Tried and failed to parse {node.value!r} as Python code, "
                    "falling back to using it as a string literal "
                    "(postponed annotations might help: https://peps.python.org/pep-0563/)",
                )
            else:
                return _build(parsed.body, parent, **kwargs)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
    return {type(...): lambda _: "..."}.get(type(node.value), repr)(node.value)


def _build_dict(node: ast.Dict, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprDict(
        [None if key is None else _build(key, parent, **kwargs) for key in node.keys],
        [_build(value, parent, **kwargs) for value in node.values],
    )


def _build_dictcomp(node: ast.DictComp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprDictComp(
        _build(node.key, parent, **kwargs),
        _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs),
        [_build(gen, parent, **kwargs) for gen in node.generators],
    )


def _build_formatted(
    node: ast.FormattedValue,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    in_formatted_str: bool = False,  # noqa: ARG001
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> Expr:
    return ExprFormatted(_build(node.value, parent, in_formatted_str=True, **kwargs))


def _build_generatorexp(node: ast.GeneratorExp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprGeneratorExp(
        _build(node.elt, parent, **kwargs),
        [_build(gen, parent, **kwargs) for gen in node.generators],
    )


def _build_ifexp(node: ast.IfExp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprIfExp(
        _build(node.body, parent, **kwargs),
        _build(node.test, parent, **kwargs),
        _build(node.orelse, parent, **kwargs),
    )


def _build_joinedstr(
    node: ast.JoinedStr,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    in_joined_str: bool = False,  # noqa: ARG001
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> Expr:
    return ExprJoinedStr([_build(value, parent, in_joined_str=True, **kwargs) for value in node.values])


def _build_keyword(node: ast.keyword, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    if node.arg is None:
        return ExprVarKeyword(_build(node.value, parent, **kwargs))
    return ExprKeyword(node.arg, _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs))


def _build_lambda(node: ast.Lambda, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    # FIXME: This needs better handling (all parameter kinds).
    return ExprLambda(
        [ExprParameter(ParameterKind.positional_or_keyword.value, arg.arg) for arg in node.args.args],
        _build(node.body, parent, **kwargs),
    )


def _build_list(node: ast.List, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprList([_build(el, parent, **kwargs) for el in node.elts])


def _build_listcomp(node: ast.ListComp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprListComp(_build(node.elt, parent, **kwargs), [_build(gen, parent, **kwargs) for gen in node.generators])


def _build_name(node: ast.Name, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:  # noqa: ARG001
    return ExprName(node.id, parent)


def _build_named_expr(node: ast.NamedExpr, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprNamedExpr(_build(node.target, parent, **kwargs), _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs))


def _build_set(node: ast.Set, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprSet([_build(el, parent, **kwargs) for el in node.elts])


def _build_setcomp(node: ast.SetComp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprSetComp(_build(node.elt, parent, **kwargs), [_build(gen, parent, **kwargs) for gen in node.generators])


def _build_slice(node: ast.Slice, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprSlice(
        None if node.lower is None else _build(node.lower, parent, **kwargs),
        None if node.upper is None else _build(node.upper, parent, **kwargs),
        None if node.step is None else _build(node.step, parent, **kwargs),
    )


def _build_starred(node: ast.Starred, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprVarPositional(_build(node.value, parent, **kwargs))


def _build_subscript(
    node: ast.Subscript,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    parse_strings: bool = False,
    literal_strings: bool = False,
    in_subscript: bool = False,  # noqa: ARG001
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> Expr:
    left = _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs)
    if parse_strings:
        if isinstance(left, (ExprAttribute, ExprName)) and left.canonical_path in {
            "typing.Literal",
            "typing_extensions.Literal",
        }:
            literal_strings = True
        slice = _build(
            node.slice,
            parent,
            parse_strings=True,
            literal_strings=literal_strings,
            in_subscript=True,
            **kwargs,
        )
    else:
        slice = _build(node.slice, parent, in_subscript=True, **kwargs)
    return ExprSubscript(left, slice)


def _build_tuple(
    node: ast.Tuple,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    in_subscript: bool = False,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> Expr:
    return ExprTuple([_build(el, parent, **kwargs) for el in node.elts], implicit=in_subscript)


def _build_unaryop(node: ast.UnaryOp, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprUnaryOp(_unary_op_map[type(node.op)], _build(node.operand, parent, **kwargs))


def _build_yield(node: ast.Yield, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return ExprYield(None if node.value is None else _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs))


_node_map: dict[type, Callable[[Any, Module | Class], Expr]] = {
    ast.Attribute: _build_attribute,
    ast.BinOp: _build_binop,
    ast.BoolOp: _build_boolop,
    ast.Call: _build_call,
    ast.Compare: _build_compare,
    ast.comprehension: _build_comprehension,
    ast.Constant: _build_constant,  # type: ignore[dict-item]
    ast.Dict: _build_dict,
    ast.DictComp: _build_dictcomp,
    ast.FormattedValue: _build_formatted,
    ast.GeneratorExp: _build_generatorexp,
    ast.IfExp: _build_ifexp,
    ast.JoinedStr: _build_joinedstr,
    ast.keyword: _build_keyword,
    ast.Lambda: _build_lambda,
    ast.List: _build_list,
    ast.ListComp: _build_listcomp,
    ast.Name: _build_name,
    ast.NamedExpr: _build_named_expr,
    ast.Set: _build_set,
    ast.SetComp: _build_setcomp,
    ast.Slice: _build_slice,
    ast.Starred: _build_starred,
    ast.Subscript: _build_subscript,
    ast.Tuple: _build_tuple,
    ast.UnaryOp: _build_unaryop,
    ast.Yield: _build_yield,
}

# TODO: remove once Python 3.8 support is dropped
if sys.version_info < (3, 9):

    def _build_extslice(node: ast.ExtSlice, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
        return ExprExtSlice([_build(dim, parent, **kwargs) for dim in node.dims])

    def _build_index(node: ast.Index, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
        return _build(node.value, parent, **kwargs)

    _node_map[ast.ExtSlice] = _build_extslice
    _node_map[ast.Index] = _build_index


def _build(node: ast.AST, parent: Module | Class, **kwargs: Any) -> Expr:
    return _node_map[type(node)](node, parent, **kwargs)


def get_expression(
    node: ast.AST | None,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    parse_strings: bool | None = None,
) -> Expr | None:
    """Build an expression from an AST.

    Parameters:
        node: The annotation node.
        parent: The parent used to resolve the name.
        parse_strings: Whether to try and parse strings as type annotations.

    Returns:
        A string or resovable name or expression.
    """
    if node is None:
        return None
    if parse_strings is None:
        try:
            module = parent.module
        except ValueError:
            parse_strings = False
        else:
            parse_strings = not module.imports_future_annotations
    return _build(node, parent, parse_strings=parse_strings)


def safe_get_expression(
    node: ast.AST | None,
    parent: Module | Class,
    *,
    parse_strings: bool | None = None,
    log_level: LogLevel | None = LogLevel.error,
    msg_format: str = "{path}:{lineno}: Failed to get expression from {node_class}: {error}",
) -> Expr | None:
    """Safely (no exception) build a resolvable annotation.

    Parameters:
        node: The annotation node.
        parent: The parent used to resolve the name.
        parse_strings: Whether to try and parse strings as type annotations.
        log_level: Log level to use to log a message. None to disable logging.
        msg_format: A format string for the log message. Available placeholders:
            path, lineno, node, error.

    Returns:
        A string or resovable name or expression.
    """
    try:
        return get_expression(node, parent, parse_strings=parse_strings)
    except Exception as error:  # noqa: BLE001
        if log_level is None:
            return None
        node_class = node.__class__.__name__
        try:
            path: Path | str = parent.relative_filepath
        except ValueError:
            path = "<in-memory>"
        lineno = node.lineno  # type: ignore[union-attr]
        error_str = f"{error.__class__.__name__}: {error}"
        message = msg_format.format(path=path, lineno=lineno, node_class=node_class, error=error_str)
        getattr(logger, log_level.value)(message)
    return None


_msg_format = "{path}:{lineno}: Failed to get %s expression from {node_class}: {error}"
get_annotation = partial(get_expression, parse_strings=None)
safe_get_annotation = partial(
    safe_get_expression,
    parse_strings=None,
    msg_format=_msg_format % "annotation",
)
get_base_class = partial(get_expression, parse_strings=False)
safe_get_base_class = partial(
    safe_get_expression,
    parse_strings=False,
    msg_format=_msg_format % "base class",
)
get_condition = partial(get_expression, parse_strings=False)
safe_get_condition = partial(
    safe_get_expression,
    parse_strings=False,
    msg_format=_msg_format % "condition",
)


__all__ = [
    "Expr",
    "ExprAttribute",
    "ExprBinOp",
    "ExprBoolOp",
    "ExprCall",
    "ExprCompare",
    "ExprComprehension",
    "ExprConstant",
    "ExprDict",
    "ExprDictComp",
    "ExprExtSlice",
    "ExprFormatted",
    "ExprGeneratorExp",
    "ExprIfExp",
    "ExprJoinedStr",
    "ExprKeyword",
    "ExprVarPositional",
    "ExprVarKeyword",
    "ExprLambda",
    "ExprList",
    "ExprListComp",
    "ExprName",
    "ExprNamedExpr",
    "ExprParameter",
    "ExprSet",
    "ExprSetComp",
    "ExprSlice",
    "ExprSubscript",
    "ExprTuple",
    "ExprUnaryOp",
    "ExprYield",
    "get_annotation",
    "get_base_class",
    "get_condition",
    "get_expression",
    "safe_get_annotation",
    "safe_get_base_class",
    "safe_get_condition",
    "safe_get_expression",
]
