"""Configuration and tasks"""

from functools import cached_property
import json

try:
    from types import NoneType
except Exception:
    # compatibility: python-3.8
    NoneType = type(None)
from termcolor import cprint
import os
from pathlib import Path
import hashlib
import struct
import io
import fasteners
from enum import Enum
import inspect
import importlib
from typing import (
    Any,
    ClassVar,
    Dict,
    Iterator,
    List,
    Optional,
    Set,
    Tuple,
    Type,
    TypeVar,
    Union,
    overload,
    TYPE_CHECKING,
)
import sys
import experimaestro
from experimaestro.utils import logger
from contextlib import contextmanager
from experimaestro.core.types import DeprecatedAttribute, ObjectType
from .context import SerializationContext, SerializedPath, SerializedPathLoader

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from experimaestro.scheduler.base import Job
    from experimaestro.scheduler.workspace import RunMode
    from experimaestro.launchers import Launcher
    from experimaestro.scheduler import Workspace

T = TypeVar("T", bound="Config")


class Identifier:
    def __init__(self, main: bytes):
        self.main = main
        self.has_loops = False

    @cached_property
    def all(self):
        """Returns the overall identifier"""
        return self.main

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.main)

    def state_dict(self):
        return self.main.hex()

    def __eq__(self, other: "Identifier"):
        return self.main == other.main

    @staticmethod
    def from_state_dict(data: Union[Dict[str, str], str]):
        if isinstance(data, str):
            return Identifier(bytes.fromhex(data))

        return Identifier(bytes.fromhex(data["main"]))


def is_ignored(value):
    """Returns True if the value should be ignored by itself"""
    return value is not None and isinstance(value, Config) and (value.__xpm__.meta)


def remove_meta(value):
    """Cleanup a dict/list by removing ignored values"""
    if isinstance(value, list):
        return [el for el in value if not is_ignored(el)]
    if isinstance(value, dict):
        return {key: value for key, value in value.items() if not is_ignored(value)}
    return value


class ConfigPath:
    """Used to keep track of cycles when computing a hash"""

    def __init__(self):
        self.loops: List[bool] = []
        """Indicates whether a loop was detected up to this node"""

        self.config2index = {}
        """Associate an index in the list with a configuration"""

    def detect_loop(self, config) -> Optional[int]:
        """If there is a loop, return the relative index and update the path"""
        index = self.config2index.get(id(config), None)
        if index is not None:
            for i in range(index, self.depth):
                self.loops[i] = True
            return self.depth - index

    def has_loop(self):
        return self.loops[-1]

    @property
    def depth(self):
        return len(self.loops)

    @contextmanager
    def push(self, config):
        config_id = id(config)
        assert config_id not in self.config2index

        self.config2index[config_id] = self.depth
        self.loops.append(False)

        try:
            yield
        finally:
            self.loops.pop()
            del self.config2index[config_id]


class HashComputer:
    """This class is in charge of computing a config/task identifier"""

    OBJECT_ID = b"\x00"
    INT_ID = b"\x01"
    FLOAT_ID = b"\x02"
    STR_ID = b"\x03"
    PATH_ID = b"\x04"
    NAME_ID = b"\x05"
    NONE_ID = b"\x06"
    LIST_ID = b"\x07"
    TASK_ID = b"\x08"
    DICT_ID = b"\x09"
    ENUM_ID = b"\x0a"
    CYCLE_REFERENCE = b"\x0b"

    def __init__(self, config: "Config", config_path: ConfigPath, *, version=None):
        # Hasher for parameters
        self._hasher = hashlib.sha256()
        self.config = config
        self.config_path = config_path
        self.version = version or int(os.environ.get("XPM_HASH_COMPUTER", 2))

    def identifier(self) -> Identifier:
        main = self._hasher.digest()
        return Identifier(main)

    def _hashupdate(self, bytes: bytes):
        """Update the hash computers with some bytes"""
        self._hasher.update(bytes)

    def update(self, value, *, myself=False):
        """Update the hash

        :param value: The value to add to the hash
        :param myself: True if the value is the configuration for which we wish
            to compute the identifier, defaults to False
        :raises NotImplementedError: If the value cannot be processed
        """
        if value is None:
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.NONE_ID)
        elif isinstance(value, float):
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.FLOAT_ID)
            self._hashupdate(struct.pack("!d", value))
        elif isinstance(value, int):
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.INT_ID)
            self._hashupdate(struct.pack("!q", value))
        elif isinstance(value, str):
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.STR_ID)
            self._hashupdate(value.encode("utf-8"))
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            values = [el for el in value if not is_ignored(el)]
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.LIST_ID)
            self._hashupdate(struct.pack("!d", len(values)))
            for x in values:
                self.update(x)
        elif isinstance(value, Enum):
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.ENUM_ID)
            k = value.__class__
            self._hashupdate(
                f"{k.__module__}.{k.__qualname__ }:{value.name}".encode("utf-8"),
            )
        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.DICT_ID)
            items = [
                (key, value) for key, value in value.items() if not is_ignored(value)
            ]
            items.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
            for key, value in items:
                self.update(key)
                self.update(value)

        # Handles configurations
        elif isinstance(value, Config):
            # Encodes the identifier
            self._hashupdate(HashComputer.OBJECT_ID)

            # If we encode another config, then
            if not myself:
                if loop_ix := self.config_path.detect_loop(value):
                    # Loop detected: use cycle reference
                    self._hashupdate(HashComputer.CYCLE_REFERENCE)
                    self._hashupdate(struct.pack("!q", loop_ix))

                else:
                    # Just use the object identifier
                    value_id = HashComputer.compute(
                        value, version=self.version, config_path=self.config_path
                    )
                    self._hashupdate(value_id.all)

                # And that's it!
                return

            # Process tasks
            if value.__xpm__.task is not None:
                self._hashupdate(HashComputer.TASK_ID)
                self.update(value.__xpm__.task)

            xpmtype = value.__xpmtype__
            self._hashupdate(xpmtype.identifier.name.encode("utf-8"))

            # Process arguments (sort by name to ensure uniqueness)
            arguments = sorted(xpmtype.arguments.values(), key=lambda a: a.name)
            for argument in arguments:
                # Ignored argument
                if argument.ignored:
                    argvalue = value.__xpm__.values.get(argument.name, None)

                    # ... unless meta is set to false
                    if (
                        argvalue is None
                        or not isinstance(argvalue, Config)
                        or (argvalue.__xpm__.meta is not False)
                    ):
                        continue

                if argument.generator:
                    continue

                # Argument value
                # Skip if the argument is not a constant, and
                # - optional argument: both value and default are None
                # - the argument value is equal to the default value
                argvalue = getattr(value, argument.name, None)
                if not argument.constant and (
                    (
                        not argument.required
                        and argument.default is None
                        and argvalue is None
                    )
                    or (
                        argument.default is not None
                        and argument.default == remove_meta(argvalue)
                    )
                ):
                    # No update if same value (and not constant)
                    continue

                if (
                    argvalue is not None
                    and isinstance(argvalue, Config)
                    and argvalue.__xpm__.meta
                ):
                    continue

                # Hash name
                self.update(argument.name)

                # Hash value
                self._hashupdate(HashComputer.NAME_ID)
                self.update(argvalue)

        else:
            raise NotImplementedError("Cannot compute hash of type %s" % type(value))

    @staticmethod
    def compute(
        config: "Config", config_path: ConfigPath = None, version=None
    ) -> Identifier:
        """Compute the identifier for a configuration

        :param config: the configuration for which we compute the identifier
        :param config_path: used to track down cycles between configurations
        :param version: version for the hash computation (None for the last one)
        """

        # Try to use the cached value first
        # (if there are no loops)
        if config.__xpm__._sealed:
            identifier = config.__xpm__._raw_identifier
            if identifier is not None and not identifier.has_loops:
                return identifier

        config_path = config_path or ConfigPath()

        with config_path.push(config):
            self = HashComputer(config, config_path, version=version)
            self.update(config, myself=True)
            identifier = self.identifier()
            identifier.has_loop = config_path.has_loop()

        return identifier


def updatedependencies(
    dependencies, value: "Config", path: List[str], taskids: Set[int]
):
    """Search recursively jobs to add them as dependencies

    Arguments:
        dependencies: The current set of dependencies
        value: The current inspected configuration
        path: The current path (for error tracing)
        taskids: Sets of added tasks (ids) to avoid repeated depencies
    """

    # Adds pre-tasks
    if isinstance(value, Config):
        value.__xpm__.updatedependencies(dependencies, path, taskids)
    elif isinstance(value, (list, set)):
        for el in value:
            updatedependencies(dependencies, el, path, taskids)
    elif isinstance(value, (dict,)):
        for key, val in value.items():
            updatedependencies(dependencies, key, path, taskids)
            updatedependencies(dependencies, val, path, taskids)
    elif isinstance(value, (str, int, float, Path, Enum)):
        pass
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError("update dependencies for type %s" % type(value))


class SealedError(Exception):
    """Exception when trying to modify a sealed configuration"""

    pass


class TaggedValue:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value


@contextmanager
def add_to_path(p):
    """Temporarily add a path to sys.path"""
    import sys

    old_path = sys.path
    sys.path = sys.path[:]
    sys.path.insert(0, p)
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        sys.path = old_path


class ConfigWalkContext:
    """Context when generating values in configurations"""

    @property
    def path(self):
        """Returns the path of the job directory"""
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def __init__(self):
        self._configpath = None

    @property
    def task(self):
        return None

    def currentpath(self) -> Path:
        """Returns the configuration folder"""
        if self._configpath:
            return self.path / self._configpath
        return self.path

    @contextmanager
    def push(self, key: str):
        """Push a new key to contextualize paths"""
        p = self._configpath
        try:
            self._configpath = (Path("out") if p is None else p) / key
            yield key
        finally:
            self._configpath = p


NOT_SET = object()


class ConfigWalk:
    """Allows to perform an operation on all nested configurations"""

    def __init__(self, context: ConfigWalkContext = None, recurse_task=False):
        """

        :param recurse_task: Recurse into linked tasks
        :param context: The context, by default only tracks the position in the
            config tree
        """
        self.recurse_task = recurse_task
        self.context = ConfigWalkContext() if context is None else context

        # Stores already visited nodes
        self.visited = {}

    def preprocess(self, config: "Config") -> Tuple[bool, Any]:
        """Returns a tuple boolean/value

        The boolean value is used to stop the processing if False.
        The value is returned
        """
        return True, None

    def postprocess(self, stub, config: "Config", values: Dict[str, Any]):
        return stub

    def list(self, i: int):
        return self.context.push(str(i))

    def map(self, k: str):
        return self.context.push(k)

    def stub(self, config: "Config"):
        return config

    def __call__(self, x):
        if isinstance(x, Config):
            info = x.__xpm__  # type: ConfigInformation

            # Avoid loops
            xid = id(x)
            if xid in self.visited:
                return self.visited[xid]

            # Get a stub
            stub = self.stub(x)
            self.visited[xid] = stub

            # Pre-process
            flag, value = self.preprocess(x)

            if not flag:
                # Stop processing and returns value
                return value

            # Process all the arguments
            result = {}
            for arg, v in info.xpmvalues():
                if v is not None:
                    with self.map(arg.name):
                        result[arg.name] = self(v)
                else:
                    result[arg.name] = None

            # Deals with pre-tasks
            if info.pre_tasks:
                with self.map("__pre_tasks__"):
                    self(info.pre_tasks)

            # Process task if different
            if (
                x.__xpm__.task is not None
                and self.recurse_task
                and x.__xpm__.task is not x
            ):
                self(x.__xpm__.task)

            processed = self.postprocess(stub, x, result)
            self.visited[xid] = processed
            return processed

        if isinstance(x, list):
            result = []
            for i, sv in enumerate(x):
                with self.list(i):
                    result.append(self(sv))
            return result

        if isinstance(x, dict):
            result = {}
            for key, value in x.items():
                assert isinstance(key, (str, float, int))
                with self.map(key):
                    result[key] = self(value)
            return result

        if isinstance(x, (float, int, str, Path, Enum)):
            return x

        raise NotImplementedError(f"Cannot handle a value of type {type(x)}")


def getqualattr(module, qualname):
    """Get a qualified attributed value"""
    cls = module
    for part in qualname.split("."):
        cls = getattr(cls, part)
    return cls


class ObjectStore:
    def __init__(self):
        self.store: Dict[int, Any] = {}
        self.constructed: Set[int] = set()

    def set_constructed(self, identifier: int):
        self.constructed.add(identifier)

    def is_constructed(self, identifier: int):
        return identifier in self.constructed

    def retrieve(self, identifier: int):
        return self.store.get(identifier, None)

    def add_stub(self, identifier: int, stub: Any):
        self.store[identifier] = stub


class ConfigInformation:
    """Holds experimaestro information for a config (or task) instance"""

    _meta: Optional[bool]
    """Forces this configuration to be a meta-parameter"""

    # Set to true when loading from JSON
    LOADING: ClassVar[bool] = False

    def __init__(self, pyobject: "TypeConfig"):
        # The underlying pyobject and XPM type
        self.pyobject = pyobject
        self.xpmtype = pyobject.__xpmtype__  # type: ObjectType
        self.values = {}

        # Meta-informations
        self._tags = {}
        self._initinfo = ""

        self._taskoutput = None
        """Task output (caches the value of a submit)"""

        self.task: Optional["Config"] = None
        """The task this configuration depends upon (or None)"""

        # State information
        self.job = None

        # Explicitely added dependencies
        self.dependencies = []

        # Lightweight tasks
        self.pre_tasks: List["LightweightTask"] = []

        # Cached information

        self._full_identifier = None
        """The full identifier (with pre-tasks)"""

        self._raw_identifier = None
        """The identifier without taking into account pre-tasks"""

        self._validated = False
        self._sealed = False
        self._meta = None

    def set_meta(self, value: Optional[bool]):
        """Sets the meta flag"""
        assert not self._sealed, "Configuration is sealed"
        self._meta = value

    @property
    def meta(self):
        return self._meta

    def get(self, name):
        """Get an XPM managed value"""
        if name in self.xpmtype.arguments:
            return self.values[name]

        # Not an argument, bypass
        return object.__getattribute__(self.pyobject, name)

    def set(self, k, v, bypass=False):
        # Not an argument, bypass
        if k not in self.xpmtype.arguments:
            setattr(self.pyobject, k, v)
            return

        if self._sealed and not bypass:
            raise AttributeError(f"Object is read-only (trying to set {k})")

        try:
            argument = self.xpmtype.arguments.get(k, None)
            if argument:
                if not bypass and (argument.generator or argument.constant):
                    raise AttributeError("Property %s is read-only" % (k))
                if v is not None:
                    self.values[k] = argument.validate(v)
                elif argument.required:
                    raise AttributeError("Cannot set required attribute to None")
                else:
                    self.values[k] = None
            else:
                raise AttributeError(
                    "Cannot set non existing attribute %s in %s" % (k, self.xpmtype)
                )
        except Exception:
            logger.exception("Error while setting value %s" % k)
            raise

    def addtag(self, name, value):
        self._tags[name] = value

    def xpmvalues(self, generated=False):
        """Returns an iterarator over arguments and associated values"""
        for argument in self.xpmtype.arguments.values():
            if argument.name in self.values or (generated and argument.generator):
                yield argument, self.values[argument.name]

    def tags(self):
        class TagFinder(ConfigWalk):
            def __init__(self):
                super().__init__(recurse_task=True)
                self.tags = {}

            def postprocess(self, stub, config: Config, values):
                self.tags.update(config.__xpm__._tags)
                return self.tags

        return TagFinder()(self.pyobject)

    def validate(self):
        """Validate a value"""
        if not self._validated:
            self._validated = True

            # Check each argument
            for k, argument in self.xpmtype.arguments.items():
                value = self.values.get(k)
                if value is not None:
                    if isinstance(value, Config):
                        value.__xpm__.validate()
                elif argument.required:
                    if not argument.generator:
                        raise ValueError(
                            "Value %s is required but missing when building %s at %s"
                            % (k, self.xpmtype, self._initinfo)
                        )

            # Use __validate__ method
            if hasattr(self.pyobject, "__validate__"):
                try:
                    self.pyobject.__validate__()
                except Exception:
                    logger.error(
                        "Error while validating %s at %s", self.xpmtype, self._initinfo
                    )
                    raise

    def seal(self, context: ConfigWalkContext):
        """Seals the object and generate values when needed

        Arguments:
            - context: the generation context
        """

        class Sealer(ConfigWalk):
            def preprocess(self, config: Config):
                return not config.__xpm__._sealed, config

            def postprocess(self, stub, config: Config, values):
                # Generate values
                for k, argument in config.__xpmtype__.arguments.items():
                    if argument.generator:
                        config.__xpm__.set(
                            k, argument.generator(self.context, config), bypass=True
                        )

                config.__xpm__._sealed = True

        Sealer(context, recurse_task=True)(self.pyobject)

    def __unseal__(self):
        """Unseal this configuration and its descendant

        Internal API - do not use
        """
        context = ConfigWalkContext()

        class Unsealer(ConfigWalk):
            def preprocess(self, config: Config):
                return config.__xpm__._sealed, config

            def postprocess(self, stub, config: Config, values):
                config.__xpm__._sealed = False
                config.__xpm__._identifier = None

        Unsealer(context, recurse_task=True)(self.pyobject)

    def collect_pre_tasks(self) -> Iterator["Config"]:
        context = ConfigWalkContext()
        pre_tasks: Dict[int, "Config"] = {}

        class PreTaskCollect(ConfigWalk):
            def preprocess(self, config: Config):
                # Do not cross tasks
                return not isinstance(config.__xpm__, Task), config

            def postprocess(self, stub, config: Config, values):
                pre_tasks.update(
                    {id(pre_task): pre_task for pre_task in config.__xpm__.pre_tasks}
                )

        PreTaskCollect(context, recurse_task=True)(self.pyobject)
        return pre_tasks.values()

    def identifiers(self, only_raw: bool):
        """Computes the unique identifier"""

        raw_identifier = self._raw_identifier
        full_identifier = self._full_identifier

        # Computes raw identifier if needed
        if raw_identifier is None or not self._sealed:
            # Get the main identifier
            raw_identifier = HashComputer.compute(self.pyobject)
            if self._sealed:
                self._raw_identifier = raw_identifier

        if only_raw:
            return raw_identifier, full_identifier

        # OK, let's compute the full identifier
        if full_identifier is None or not self._sealed:
            # Compute the full identifier by including the pre-tasks
            hasher = hashlib.sha256()
            hasher.update(raw_identifier.all)
            pre_tasks_ids = [
                pre_task.__xpm__.raw_identifier.all
                for pre_task in self.collect_pre_tasks()
            ]
            for task_id in sorted(pre_tasks_ids):
                hasher.update(task_id)

            full_identifier = Identifier(hasher.digest())
            full_identifier.has_loops = raw_identifier.has_loops

            # Only cache the identifier if sealed
            if self._sealed:
                self._full_identifier = full_identifier

        return raw_identifier, full_identifier

    @property
    def raw_identifier(self) -> Identifier:
        """Computes the unique identifier (without task modifiers)"""
        raw_identifier, _ = self.identifiers(True)
        return raw_identifier

    @property
    def full_identifier(self) -> Identifier:
        """Computes the unique identifier (with task modifiers)"""
        _, full_identifier = self.identifiers(False)
        return full_identifier

    identifier = full_identifier
    """Deprecated: use full_identifier"""

    def dependency(self):
        """Returns a dependency"""
        from experimaestro.scheduler import JobDependency

        assert self.job, f"{self.xpmtype} is a task but was not submitted"
        return JobDependency(self.job)

    def updatedependencies(
        self,
        dependencies: Set["experimaestro.dependencies.Dependency"],
        path: List[str],
        taskids: Set[int],
    ):
        # Add pre-tasks
        for pre_task in self.pre_tasks:
            pre_task.__xpm__.updatedependencies(
                dependencies, path + ["__pre_tasks___"], taskids
            )

        # Check for an associated task
        if self.task:
            if id(self.task) not in taskids:
                taskids.add(id(self.task))
                dependencies.add(self.task.__xpm__.dependency())
        else:
            # Look arguments
            for argument, value in self.xpmvalues():
                try:
                    if value is not None:
                        updatedependencies(
                            dependencies, value, path + [argument.name], taskids
                        )
                except Exception:
                    logger.error("While setting %s", path + [argument.name])
                    raise

    def apply_submit_hooks(self, job: "Job", launcher: "Launcher"):
        """Apply configuration hooks"""
        context = ConfigWalkContext()

        class HookGatherer(ConfigWalk):
            def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
                super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
                self.hooks = set()

            def postprocess(self, stub, config: "Config", values: Dict[str, Any]):
                self.hooks.update(config.__xpmtype__.submit_hooks)

        gatherer = HookGatherer(context, recurse_task=False)
        gatherer(self.pyobject)

        # Apply hooks
        for hook in gatherer.hooks:
            hook.process(job, launcher)

    def validate_and_seal(self, context: ConfigWalkContext):
        try:
            self.validate()
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(
                "Error while validating object of type %s, defined %s",
                self.xpmtype,
                self._initinfo,
            )
            raise e

        # Now, seal the object
        self.seal(context)

    def submit(self, workspace: "Workspace", launcher: "Launcher", *, run_mode=None):
        from experimaestro.scheduler import experiment, JobContext
        from experimaestro.scheduler.workspace import RunMode

        # --- Prepare the object

        if self.job:
            raise Exception("task %s was already submitted" % self)
        if not self.xpmtype.task:
            raise ValueError("%s is not a task" % self.xpmtype)

        # --- Submit the job

        # Creates a new job
        self.job = self.xpmtype.task(
            self.pyobject, launcher=launcher, workspace=workspace, run_mode=run_mode
        )

        # Validate the object
        job_context = JobContext(self.job)
        self.validate_and_seal(job_context)

        # --- Workspace

        workspace = workspace or (
            experiment.CURRENT.workspace if experiment.CURRENT else None
        )

        # --- Launcher

        launcher = (
            launcher
            or (workspace and workspace.launcher)
            or (experiment.CURRENT and experiment.CURRENT.workspace.launcher)
        )

        if launcher:
            launcher.onSubmit(self.job)

        # Apply submit hooks
        self.apply_submit_hooks(self.job, launcher)

        # Add job dependencies
        self.updatedependencies(self.job.dependencies, [], set([id(self.pyobject)]))

        # Add predefined dependencies
        self.job.dependencies.update(self.dependencies)

        run_mode = (
            workspace.run_mode if run_mode is None else run_mode
        ) or RunMode.NORMAL
        if run_mode == RunMode.NORMAL:
            other = experiment.CURRENT.submit(self.job)
            if other:
                # Just returns the other task
                return other.config.__xpm__._taskoutput
        else:
            # Show a warning
            if run_mode == RunMode.GENERATE_ONLY:
                experiment.CURRENT.prepare(self.job)

            # Check if job is done
            tags = ", ".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in self.job.tags.items())
            s = f"""Simulating {self.job.relpath} {f"({tags})" if tags else ""}"""

            color = "white"
            if self.job.workspace is not None:
                if self.job.donepath.is_file():
                    color = "light_green"
                    cprint(f"[done] {s}", color, file=sys.stderr)
                elif self.job.failedpath.is_file():
                    color = "light_red"
                    cprint(f"[failed] {s}", color, file=sys.stderr)
                else:
                    color = "light_blue"
                    cprint(f"[not run] {s}", color, file=sys.stderr)

                if launcher:
                    cprint(f"   [Launcher] {launcher}", color, file=sys.stderr)

                if not self.job.dependencies:
                    cprint("   [No dependencies]", color, file=sys.stderr)

                for dep in self.job.dependencies:
                    cprint(f"   [Depency] {dep}", color, file=sys.stderr)

        # Handle an output configuration
        def mark_output(config: "Config"):
            """Sets a dependency on the job"""
            assert not isinstance(config, Task), "Cannot set a dependency on a task"
            config.__xpm__.task = self.pyobject
            return config

        # Mark this configuration also
        self.task = self.pyobject

        if hasattr(self.pyobject, "task_outputs"):
            self._taskoutput = self.pyobject.task_outputs(mark_output)
        else:
            self._taskoutput = self.task = self.pyobject

        return self._taskoutput

    # --- Serialization

    @staticmethod
    def _outputjsonvalue(value, context):
        """Serialize a value"""
        if value is None:
            return None

        elif isinstance(value, list):
            return [ConfigInformation._outputjsonvalue(el, context) for el in value]

        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            return {
                name: ConfigInformation._outputjsonvalue(el, context)
                for name, el in value.items()
            }

        elif isinstance(value, Path):
            return {"type": "path", "value": str(value)}

        elif isinstance(value, SerializedPath):
            return {
                "type": "path.serialized",
                "value": str(value.path),
                "is_folder": value.is_folder,
            }

        elif isinstance(value, (int, float, str)):
            return value

        elif isinstance(value, Enum):
            return {
                "type": "enum",
                "module": value.__class__.__module__,
                "enum": value.__class__.__qualname__,
                "value": value.name,
            }

        elif isinstance(value, Config):
            return {
                "type": "python",
                "value": id(value),
            }

        raise NotImplementedError("Cannot serialize objects of type %s", type(value))

    def __get_objects__(
        self,
        objects: List[Dict],
        context: SerializationContext,
    ) -> List[Dict]:
        """Returns the list of objects necessary to deserialize ourself

        :param objects: the already output objects
        :param context: The serialization context (e.g. useful to create files)
        """

        # Skip if already serialized
        if id(self.pyobject) in context.serialized:
            return objects

        context.serialized.add(id(self.pyobject))

        # Serialize sub-objects
        for argument, value in self.xpmvalues():
            if value is not None:
                ConfigInformation.__collect_objects__(value, objects, context)

        # Serialize pre-tasks
        ConfigInformation.__collect_objects__(self.pre_tasks, objects, context)

        # Serialize ourselves
        state_dict = {
            "id": id(self.pyobject),
            "module": self.xpmtype._module,
            "type": self.xpmtype.objecttype.__qualname__,
            "typename": self.xpmtype.name(),
            "identifier": self.identifier.state_dict(),
        }

        if self.pre_tasks:
            state_dict["pre-tasks"] = [id(pre_task) for pre_task in self.pre_tasks]

        if self.meta:
            state_dict["meta"] = self.meta

        if not self.xpmtype._package:
            state_dict["file"] = str(self.xpmtype._file)

        # Serialize identifier and typename
        jsonfields = state_dict["fields"] = {}
        for argument, value in self.xpmvalues():
            with context.push(argument.name) as var_path:
                if argument.is_data and value is not None:
                    assert isinstance(
                        value, Path
                    ), f"Data arguments should be paths (type is {type(value)})"
                    value = context.serialize(var_path, value)

                jsonfields[argument.name] = ConfigInformation._outputjsonvalue(
                    value, context
                )

        objects.append(state_dict)
        return objects

    @staticmethod
    def __collect_objects__(value, objects: List[Dict], context: SerializationContext):
        """Serialize all needed configuration objects, looking at sub
        configurations if necessary"""
        if isinstance(value, Config):
            if value.__xpm__.task is not None and value.__xpm__.task is not value:
                ConfigInformation.__collect_objects__(
                    value.__xpm__.task, objects, context
                )
            value.__xpm__.__get_objects__(objects, context)
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            for el in value:
                ConfigInformation.__collect_objects__(el, objects, context)
        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            for el in value.values():
                ConfigInformation.__collect_objects__(el, objects, context)
        elif isinstance(value, (Path, int, float, str, Enum)):
            pass
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "Cannot serialize objects of type %s", type(value)
            )

    def outputjson(self, out: io.TextIOBase, context: SerializationContext):
        """Outputs the json of this object

        The format is an array of objects
        {
            "tags: [ LIST_OF_TAGS ],
            "workspace": FOLDERPATH,
            "version": 2,
            "objects": [
                {
                    "id": <ID of the object>,
                    "filename": <filename>, // if in a file
                    "module": <module>, // if in a module
                    "type": <type>, // the type within the module or file
                    "fields":
                        { "key":  {"type": <type>, "value": <value>} }
                }
            ]

        }

        <type> is either a base type or a "python"

        The last object is the one that is serialized

        Arguments:
            out {io.TextIOBase} -- The output stream
            context {[type]} -- the command context
        """
        json.dump(
            {
                "workspace": str(context.workspace.path.absolute()),
                "tags": {key: value for key, value in self.tags().items()},
                "version": 2,
                "objects": self.__get_objects__([], context),
            },
            out,
        )

    def __json__(self) -> str:
        """Returns the JSON representation of the object itself"""
        return json.dumps(self.__get_objects__([], SerializationContext()))

    def serialize(self, save_directory: Path):
        """Serialize the configuration and its data files into a directory"""
        context = SerializationContext(save_directory=save_directory)

        with (save_directory / "definition.json").open("wt") as out:
            objects = self.__get_objects__([], context)
            json.dump(objects, out)

    @staticmethod
    def deserialize(
        path: Union[str, Path, SerializedPathLoader], as_instance: bool = False
    ) -> "Config":
        """Deserialize a configuration

        :param path: The filesystem Path to use, or a way to download the
            information through a function taking two arguments
        :return: A Config object
        """
        # Load
        if callable(path):
            data_loader = path
        else:
            path = Path(path)

            def data_loader(s: Union[Path, str, SerializedPath]):
                if isinstance(s, SerializedPath):
                    return path / Path(s.path)
                return path / Path(s)

        with data_loader("definition.json").open("rt") as fh:
            config = json.load(fh)

        return ConfigInformation.fromParameters(
            config, as_instance=as_instance, data_loader=data_loader
        )

    @staticmethod
    def _objectFromParameters(value: Any, objects: Dict[str, Any], as_instance: bool):
        # A list
        if isinstance(value, list):
            return [
                ConfigInformation._objectFromParameters(x, objects, as_instance)
                for x in value
            ]

        # A dictionary
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            if "type" not in value:
                # Just a plain dictionary
                return {
                    ConfigInformation._objectFromParameters(
                        key, objects, as_instance
                    ): ConfigInformation._objectFromParameters(
                        value, objects, as_instance
                    )
                    for key, value in value.items()
                }

            # The value is an object (that should have been serialized first)
            if value["type"] == "python":
                obj = objects[value["value"]]

                # If we have a task
                if not as_instance:
                    if task_id := value.get("task", None):
                        task = objects[task_id]
                        obj.__xpm__.task = task
                return obj

            # A path
            if value["type"] == "path":
                return Path(value["value"])

            if value["type"] == "path.serialized":
                return SerializedPath(value["value"], value["is_folder"])

            if value["type"] == "enum":
                module = importlib.import_module(value["module"])
                enumClass = getqualattr(module, value["enum"])
                return enumClass[value["value"]]

            raise Exception("Unhandled type: %s", value["type"])

        # Just a simple value
        return value

    @overload
    @staticmethod
    def fromParameters(
        definitions: List[Dict],
        as_instance=True,
        save_directory: Optional[Path] = None,
        discard_id: bool = False,
    ) -> "TypeConfig":
        ...

    @overload
    @staticmethod
    def fromParameters(
        definitions: List[Dict],
        as_instance=False,
        save_directory: Optional[Path] = None,
        discard_id: bool = False,
    ) -> "Config":
        ...

    @staticmethod
    def fromParameters(
        definitions: List[Dict],
        as_instance=True,
        data_loader: Optional[SerializedPathLoader] = None,
        discard_id: bool = False,
    ):
        """Builds config (instances) from a dictionary"""
        o = None
        objects = {}
        import experimaestro.taskglobals as taskglobals

        # Loop over all the definitions and create objects
        for definition in definitions:
            module_name = definition["module"]

            # Avoids problem when runing module
            if module_name == "__main__":
                module_name = "_main_"

            if "file" in definition:
                path = definition["file"]
                with add_to_path(str(Path(path).parent)):
                    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_name, path)
                    mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
                    sys.modules[module_name] = mod
                    spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
            else:
                logger.debug("Importing module %s", definition["module"])
                mod = importlib.import_module(module_name)

            cls = getqualattr(mod, definition["type"])

            # Creates an object (or a config)
            o = cls.__new__(cls, __xpmobject__=as_instance)
            assert definition["id"] not in objects, "Duplicate id %s" % definition["id"]
            objects[definition["id"]] = o

        # Now that objects have been created, fill in the fields
        for definition in definitions:
            o = objects[definition["id"]]
            xpmtype = o.__getxpmtype__()  # type: ObjectType

            # If instance...
            if as_instance:
                # ... calls the parameter-less initialization
                o.__init__()

                # ... sets potentially useful properties
                if "typename" in definition:
                    o.__xpmtypename__ = definition["typename"]
                    if not discard_id:
                        o.__xpmidentifier__ = Identifier.from_state_dict(
                            definition["identifier"]
                        )

                    if "." in o.__xpmtypename__:
                        _, name = o.__xpmtypename__.rsplit(".", 1)
                    else:
                        name = o.__xpmtypename__

                    if taskglobals.Env.instance().wspath is not None:
                        basepath = (
                            taskglobals.Env.instance().wspath
                            / "jobs"
                            / o.__xpmtypename__.lower()
                            / o.__xpmidentifier__.all.hex().lower()
                        )
                        o.__xpm_stdout__ = basepath / f"{name.lower()}.out"
                        o.__xpm_stderr__ = basepath / f"{name.lower()}.err"
            else:
                xpminfo = o.__xpm__  # type: ConfigInformation

                meta = definition.get("meta", None)
                if meta:
                    xpminfo._meta = meta
                if xpminfo.xpmtype.task is not None:
                    o.__xpm__.job = object()

            # Set the fields
            for name, value in definition["fields"].items():
                v = ConfigInformation._objectFromParameters(value, objects, as_instance)

                # Transform serialized paths arguments
                argument = xpmtype.arguments[name]
                if argument.is_data and v is not None:
                    if isinstance(v, SerializedPath):
                        if data_loader is None:
                            v = v.path
                        else:
                            v = data_loader(v)
                    else:
                        assert isinstance(v, Path), "Excepted Path, got {type(v)}"

                if as_instance:
                    # Unwrap the value if needed
                    setattr(o, name, v)

                    assert (
                        getattr(o, name) is v
                    ), f"Problem with deserialization {name} of {o.__class__}"
                else:
                    o.__xpm__.set(name, v, bypass=True)

            if as_instance:
                # Calls post-init
                o.__post_init__()

            else:
                # Sets pre-tasks
                o.__xpm__.pre_tasks = [
                    objects[pre_task_id]
                    for pre_task_id in definition.get("pre-tasks", [])
                ]

                # Seal and set the identifier
                if not discard_id:
                    xpminfo._identifier = Identifier.from_state_dict(
                        definition["identifier"]
                    )
                xpminfo._sealed = True

        # Execute pre-tasks (just once)
        completed_pretasks = set()
        for definition in definitions:
            for pre_task_id in definition.get("pre-tasks", []):
                if pre_task_id not in completed_pretasks:
                    completed_pretasks.add(pre_task_id)
                    objects[pre_task_id].execute()

        return o

    class FromPython(ConfigWalk):
        def __init__(self, context: ConfigWalkContext, *, objects: ObjectStore = None):
            super().__init__(context)
            self.objects = ObjectStore() if objects is None else objects
            self.pre_tasks = {}

        def preprocess(self, config: "Config"):
            if self.objects.is_constructed(id(config)):
                return False, self.objects.retrieve(id(config))
            return True, None

        def stub(self, config: "Config"):
            o = self.objects.retrieve(id(config))

            if o is None:
                # Creates an object (and not a config)
                o = config.__xpmtype__.objecttype.__new__(
                    config.__xpmtype__.objecttype, __xpmobject__=True
                )

                # And calls the parameter-less initialization
                o.__init__()

                # Store in cache
                self.objects.add_stub(id(config), o)

            return o

        def postprocess(self, stub, config: "Config", values: Dict[str, Any]):
            # Copy values from the
            for key, value in values.items():
                setattr(stub, key, value)

            # Call __post_init__
            stub.__post_init__()

            # Gather pre-tasks
            for pre_task in config.__xpm__.pre_tasks:
                self.pre_tasks[id(pre_task)] = self.stub(pre_task)

            self.objects.set_constructed(id(config))
            return stub

    def fromConfig(self, context: ConfigWalkContext, *, objects: ObjectStore = None):
        """Generate an instance given the current configuration"""

        # Validate and seal
        self.validate()
        self.seal(context)

        processor = ConfigInformation.FromPython(context, objects=objects)
        last_object = processor(self.pyobject)

        # Execute pre-tasks
        for pre_task in processor.pre_tasks.values():
            pre_task.execute()

        return last_object

    def add_dependencies(self, *dependencies):
        self.dependencies.extend(dependencies)


def clone(v):
    """Clone a value"""
    if v is None:
        return v

    if isinstance(v, (str, float, int, Path)):
        return v

    if isinstance(v, list):
        return [clone(x) for x in v]

    if isinstance(v, dict):
        return {clone(key): clone(value) for key, value in v.items()}

    if isinstance(v, Enum):
        return v

    if isinstance(v, Config):
        # Create a new instance
        kwargs = {
            argument.name: clone(value)
            for argument, value in v.__xpm__.xpmvalues()
            if argument.generator is None and not argument.constant
        }

        config = type(v)(**kwargs)
        return config

    raise NotImplementedError("Clone not implemented for type %s" % type(v))


def cache(fn, name: str):
    def __call__(config, *args, **kwargs):
        import experimaestro.taskglobals as taskglobals

        # Get path and create directory if needed
        hexid = config.__xpmidentifier__  # type: Identifier
        typename = config.__xpmtypename__  # type: str
        dir = taskglobals.Env.instance().wspath / "config" / typename / hexid.all.hex()

        if not dir.exists():
            dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

        path = dir / name
        ipc_lock = fasteners.InterProcessLock(path.with_suffix(path.suffix + ".lock"))
        with ipc_lock:
            r = fn(config, path, *args, **kwargs)
            return r

    return __call__


class TypeConfig:
    """Class for configuration objects"""

    __xpmtype__: ObjectType

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        """Initialize the configuration with the given parameters"""

        # Add configuration
        xpmtype = self.__xpmtype__

        # Create the config information object
        xpm = ConfigInformation(self)

        # Get the line where the object was created (error reporting)
        caller = inspect.getframeinfo(inspect.stack()[1][0])
        xpm._initinfo = "%s:%s" % (str(Path(caller.filename).absolute()), caller.lineno)

        self.__xpm__ = xpm

        # Initialize with default arguments (or None)
        for name, value in xpmtype.arguments.items():
            if name not in kwargs:
                if value.default is not None:
                    self.__xpm__.set(name, clone(value.default), bypass=True)
                elif not value.required:
                    self.__xpm__.set(name, None, bypass=True)

        # Initialize with arguments
        for name, value in kwargs.items():
            # Check if argument is OK
            if name not in xpmtype.arguments:
                attribute = getattr(self.__class__, name, None)
                if isinstance(attribute, DeprecatedAttribute):
                    attribute.__set__(self, value)
                    continue
                raise ValueError("%s is not an argument for %s" % (name, xpmtype))

            # Special case of a tagged value
            if isinstance(value, TaggedValue):
                value = value.value
                self.__xpm__._tags[name] = value

            # Really set the value
            xpm.set(name, value)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Config[{self.__xpmtype__.identifier}]"

    def __str__(self):
        params = ", ".join(
            [f"{key}={value}" for key, value in self.__xpm__.values.items()]
        )
        return (
            f"{self.__xpmtype__.objecttype.__module__}."
            f"{self.__xpmtype__.objecttype.__qualname__}({params})"
        )

    def tag(self, name, value):
        self.__xpm__.addtag(name, value)
        return self

    def __eq__(self, other):
        if self.__class__ != other.__class__:
            return False
        for argument, value in self.__xpm__.xpmvalues():
            if value != getattr(other, argument.name, None):
                return False
        return True

    def __arguments__(self):
        """Returns a map containing all the arguments"""
        return {arg.name: value for arg, value in self.__xpm__.xpmvalues()}

    def tags(self):
        """Returns the tag associated with this object (and below)"""
        return self.__xpm__.tags()

    def add_dependencies(self, *dependencies):
        """Adds tokens to the task"""
        self.__xpm__.add_dependencies(*dependencies)
        return self

    def instance(
        self, context: ConfigWalkContext = None, *, objects: ObjectStore = None
    ) -> T:
        """Return an instance with the current values"""
        if context is None:
            from experimaestro.xpmutils import EmptyContext

            context = EmptyContext()
        else:
            assert isinstance(
                context, ConfigWalkContext
            ), f"{context.__class__} is not an instance of ConfigWalkContext"
        return self.__xpm__.fromConfig(context, objects=objects)  # type: ignore

    def submit(self, *, workspace=None, launcher=None, run_mode: "RunMode" = None):
        """Submit this task

        :param workspace: the workspace, defaults to None
        :param launcher: The launcher, defaults to None
        :param run_mode: Run mode (if None, uses the workspace default)
        :return: an object object
        """
        return self.__xpm__.submit(workspace, launcher, run_mode=run_mode)

    def stdout(self):
        return self.__xpm__.job.stdout

    def stderr(self):
        return self.__xpm__.job.stderr

    def wait(self):
        return self.__xpm__.job.wait()

    @property
    def job(self):
        return self.__xpm__.job

    @property
    def jobpath(self):
        if self.__xpm__.job:
            return self.__xpm__.job.jobpath
        raise AssertionError("Cannot ask the job path of a non submitted task")

    def copy(self):
        """Returns a copy of this configuration (ignores other non parameters
        attributes)"""
        return clone(self)

    def add_pretasks(self, *tasks: "LightweightTask"):
        assert all(
            [isinstance(task, LightweightTask) for task in tasks]
        ), "One of the pre-tasks are not lightweight tasks"
        if self.__xpm__._sealed:
            raise SealedError("Cannot add pre-tasks to a sealed configuration")
        self.__xpm__.pre_tasks.extend(tasks)
        return self

    def add_pretasks_from(self, *configs: "Config"):
        assert all(
            [isinstance(config, TypeConfig) for config in configs]
        ), "One of the parameters is not a configuration object"
        for config in configs:
            self.add_pretasks(*config.__xpm__.pre_tasks)
        return self


class Config:
    """Base type for all objects in python interface"""

    __xpmtype__: ClassVar[ObjectType]
    """The object type holds all the information about a specific subclass
    experimaestro metadata"""

    __xpm__: ConfigInformation
    """The __xpm__ object contains all instance specific information about a
    configuration/task"""

    @classmethod
    def __getxpmtype__(cls) -> "ObjectType":
        """Get (and create if necessary) the Object type of this"""
        xpmtype = cls.__dict__.get("__xpmtype__", None)
        if xpmtype is None:
            from experimaestro.core.types import ObjectType

            # Will set __xpmtype__
            try:
                return ObjectType(cls)
            except Exception:
                logger.error("Error while creating object type for %s", cls)
                raise
        return xpmtype

    def __getnewargs_ex__(self):
        # __new__ will be called with those arguments when unserializing
        return ((), {"__xpmobject__": True})

    @classmethod
    def c(cls: Type[T], **kwargs) -> T:
        """Allows typing to process easily"""
        return cls.__new__(cls, **kwargs)

    def __new__(cls: Type[T], *args, __xpmobject__=False, **kwargs) -> T:
        """Returns an instance of a TypeConfig when called __xpmobject__ is False,
        and otherwise the real object
        """

        if __xpmobject__:
            # __init__ is  called directly
            return object.__new__(cls)

        # We use the configuration type
        o = object.__new__(cls.__getxpmtype__().configtype)
        o.__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        return o

    def __validate__(self):
        """Validate the values"""
        pass

    def __post_init__(self):
        """Called after the object  __init__() and with properties set"""
        # Default implementation is to do nothing
        pass

    def __json__(self):
        """Returns a JSON version of the object (if possible)"""
        return self.__xpm__.__json__()

    def __identifier__(self) -> Identifier:
        return self.__xpm__.identifier

    def add_pretasks(self, *tasks: "LightweightTask"):
        """Add pre-tasks"""
        raise AssertionError("This method can only be used during configuration")

    def add_pretasks_from(self, *configs: "Config"):
        """Add pre-tasks from the listed configurations"""
        raise AssertionError("This method can only be used during configuration")


class LightweightTask(Config):
    """A task that can be run before or after a real task to modify its behaviour"""

    def execute(self):
        raise NotImplementedError()


class Task(LightweightTask):
    """Base class for tasks"""

    __tags__: Dict[str, str]
    """Tags associated with class"""

    def submit(self):
        raise AssertionError("This method can only be used during configuration")


# --- Utility functions


def copyconfig(config: Config, **kwargs):
    """Copy a configuration

    Useful to modify a configuration that can be potentially
    wrapped into a task output (i.e., the configuration can be
    a task output). If the configuration is sealed, the copy
    will be unsealed.

    :param config: _description_
    :param kwargs: Modify the configuration by assigning the values

    :return: _description_
    """

    # Builds a new configuration object
    copy = config.__class__()

    fullkwargs = {name: value for name, value in config.__xpm__.values.items()}
    fullkwargs.update(kwargs)
    for name, value in fullkwargs.items():
        copy.__xpm__.set(name, value, True)

    # Remove generated attributes
    for argument, value in copy.__xpm__.xpmvalues(generated=True):
        if argument.generator is not None and value is not None:
            del copy.__xpm__.values[argument.name]

    return copy


def setmeta(config: Config, flag: bool):
    """Flags the configuration as a meta-parameter"""
    config.__xpm__.set_meta(flag)
    return config
