# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# PLEASE DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, IT IS GENERATED AND WILL BE OVERWRITTEN:
# https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-code

import ccxt.async_support
from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.cache import ArrayCache, ArrayCacheBySymbolById, ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide, ArrayCacheByTimestamp
import asyncio
import hashlib
from ccxt.base.types import Balances, Int, Num, Order, OrderBook, OrderSide, OrderType, Position, Str, Strings, Ticker, Tickers, Trade
from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.client import Client
from typing import List
from ccxt.base.errors import ExchangeError
from ccxt.base.errors import AuthenticationError
from ccxt.base.errors import ArgumentsRequired
from ccxt.base.errors import BadRequest


class bybit(ccxt.async_support.bybit):

    def describe(self):
        return self.deep_extend(super(bybit, self).describe(), {
            'has': {
                'ws': True,
                'createOrderWs': True,
                'editOrderWs': True,
                'fetchOpenOrdersWs': False,
                'fetchOrderWs': False,
                'cancelOrderWs': True,
                'cancelOrdersWs': False,
                'cancelAllOrdersWs': False,
                'fetchTradesWs': False,
                'fetchBalanceWs': False,
                'watchBalance': True,
                'watchMyTrades': True,
                'watchOHLCV': True,
                'watchOHLCVForSymbols': False,
                'watchOrderBook': True,
                'watchOrderBookForSymbols': True,
                'watchOrders': True,
                'watchTicker': True,
                'watchTickers': True,
                'watchTrades': True,
                'watchPositions': True,
                'watchTradesForSymbols': True,
            },
            'urls': {
                'api': {
                    'ws': {
                        'public': {
                            'spot': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/spot',
                            'inverse': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/inverse',
                            'option': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/option',
                            'linear': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/public/linear',
                        },
                        'private': {
                            'spot': {
                                'unified': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/private',
                                'nonUnified': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/spot/private/v3',
                            },
                            'contract': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/v5/private',
                            'usdc': 'wss://stream.{hostname}/trade/option/usdc/private/v1',
                            'trade': 'wss://stream.bybit.com/v5/trade',
                        },
                    },
                },
                'test': {
                    'ws': {
                        'public': {
                            'spot': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/spot',
                            'inverse': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/inverse',
                            'linear': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/linear',
                            'option': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/public/option',
                        },
                        'private': {
                            'spot': {
                                'unified': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/private',
                                'nonUnified': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/spot/private/v3',
                            },
                            'contract': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/v5/private',
                            'usdc': 'wss://stream-testnet.{hostname}/trade/option/usdc/private/v1',
                            'trade': 'wss://stream-testnet.bybit.com/v5/trade',
                        },
                    },
                },
            },
            'options': {
                'watchTicker': {
                    'name': 'tickers',  # 'tickers' for 24hr statistical ticker or 'tickers_lt' for leverage token ticker
                },
                'watchPositions': {
                    'fetchPositionsSnapshot': True,  # or False
                    'awaitPositionsSnapshot': True,  # whether to wait for the positions snapshot before providing updates
                },
                'spot': {
                    'timeframes': {
                        '1m': '1m',
                        '3m': '3m',
                        '5m': '5m',
                        '15m': '15m',
                        '30m': '30m',
                        '1h': '1h',
                        '2h': '2h',
                        '4h': '4h',
                        '6h': '6h',
                        '12h': '12h',
                        '1d': '1d',
                        '1w': '1w',
                        '1M': '1M',
                    },
                },
                'contract': {
                    'timeframes': {
                        '1m': '1',
                        '3m': '3',
                        '5m': '5',
                        '15m': '15',
                        '30m': '30',
                        '1h': '60',
                        '2h': '120',
                        '4h': '240',
                        '6h': '360',
                        '12h': '720',
                        '1d': 'D',
                        '1w': 'W',
                        '1M': 'M',
                    },
                },
            },
            'streaming': {
                'ping': self.ping,
                'keepAlive': 19000,
            },
        })

    def request_id(self):
        requestId = self.sum(self.safe_integer(self.options, 'requestId', 0), 1)
        self.options['requestId'] = requestId
        return requestId

    def get_url_by_market_type(self, symbol: Str = None, isPrivate=False, method: Str = None, params={}):
        accessibility = 'private' if isPrivate else 'public'
        isUsdcSettled = None
        isSpot = None
        type = None
        market = None
        url = self.urls['api']['ws']
        if symbol is not None:
            market = self.market(symbol)
            isUsdcSettled = market['settle'] == 'USDC'
            type = market['type']
        else:
            type, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params(method, None, params)
            defaultSettle = self.safe_string(self.options, 'defaultSettle')
            defaultSettle = self.safe_string_2(params, 'settle', 'defaultSettle', defaultSettle)
            isUsdcSettled = (defaultSettle == 'USDC')
        isSpot = (type == 'spot')
        if isPrivate:
            url = url[accessibility]['usdc'] if (isUsdcSettled) else url[accessibility]['contract']
        else:
            if isSpot:
                url = url[accessibility]['spot']
            elif type == 'swap':
                subType = None
                subType, params = self.handle_sub_type_and_params(method, market, params, 'linear')
                url = url[accessibility][subType]
            else:
                # option
                url = url[accessibility]['option']
        url = self.implode_hostname(url)
        return url

    def clean_params(self, params):
        params = self.omit(params, ['type', 'subType', 'settle', 'defaultSettle', 'unifiedMargin'])
        return params

    async def create_order_ws(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}):
        """
        create a trade order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/create-order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
        :param str type: 'market' or 'limit'
        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
        :param float amount: how much of currency you want to trade in units of base currency
        :param float [price]: the price at which the order is to be fullfilled, in units of the quote currency, ignored in market orders
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param str [params.timeInForce]: "GTC", "IOC", "FOK"
        :param bool [params.postOnly]: True or False whether the order is post-only
        :param bool [params.reduceOnly]: True or False whether the order is reduce-only
        :param str [params.positionIdx]: *contracts only*  0 for one-way mode, 1 buy side  of hedged mode, 2 sell side of hedged mode
        :param boolean [params.isLeverage]: *unified spot only* False then spot trading True then margin trading
        :param str [params.tpslMode]: *contract only* 'full' or 'partial'
        :param str [params.mmp]: *option only* market maker protection
        :param str [params.triggerDirection]: *contract only* the direction for trigger orders, 'above' or 'below'
        :param float [params.triggerPrice]: The price at which a trigger order is triggered at
        :param float [params.stopLossPrice]: The price at which a stop loss order is triggered at
        :param float [params.takeProfitPrice]: The price at which a take profit order is triggered at
        :param dict [params.takeProfit]: *takeProfit object in params* containing the triggerPrice at which the attached take profit order will be triggered
        :param float [params.takeProfit.triggerPrice]: take profit trigger price
        :param dict [params.stopLoss]: *stopLoss object in params* containing the triggerPrice at which the attached stop loss order will be triggered
        :param float [params.stopLoss.triggerPrice]: stop loss trigger price
        :param str [params.trailingAmount]: the quote amount to trail away from the current market price
        :param str [params.trailingTriggerPrice]: the price to trigger a trailing order, default uses the price argument
        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        orderRequest = self.create_order_request(symbol, type, side, amount, price, params, True)
        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
        await self.authenticate(url)
        requestId = str(self.request_id())
        request = {
            'op': 'order.create',
            'reqId': requestId,
            'args': [
                orderRequest,
            ],
            'header': {
                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
            },
        }
        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)

    async def edit_order_ws(self, id: str, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: Num = None, price: Num = None, params={}):
        """
        edit a trade order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/amend-order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
        :param str id: cancel order id
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
        :param str type: 'market' or 'limit'
        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
        :param float amount: how much of currency you want to trade in units of base currency
        :param float price: the price at which the order is to be fullfilled, in units of the base currency, ignored in market orders
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param float [params.triggerPrice]: The price that a trigger order is triggered at
        :param float [params.stopLossPrice]: The price that a stop loss order is triggered at
        :param float [params.takeProfitPrice]: The price that a take profit order is triggered at
        :param dict [params.takeProfit]: *takeProfit object in params* containing the triggerPrice that the attached take profit order will be triggered
        :param float [params.takeProfit.triggerPrice]: take profit trigger price
        :param dict [params.stopLoss]: *stopLoss object in params* containing the triggerPrice that the attached stop loss order will be triggered
        :param float [params.stopLoss.triggerPrice]: stop loss trigger price
        :param str [params.triggerBy]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for triggerPrice
        :param str [params.slTriggerBy]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for stopLoss
        :param str [params.tpTriggerby]: 'IndexPrice', 'MarkPrice' or 'LastPrice', default is 'LastPrice', required if no initial value for takeProfit
        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        orderRequest = self.edit_order_request(id, symbol, type, side, amount, price, params)
        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
        await self.authenticate(url)
        requestId = str(self.request_id())
        request = {
            'op': 'order.amend',
            'reqId': requestId,
            'args': [
                orderRequest,
            ],
            'header': {
                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
            },
        }
        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)

    async def cancel_order_ws(self, id: str, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
        """
        cancels an open order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/order/cancel-order
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/trade/guideline#createamendcancel-order
        :param str id: order id
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market the order was made in
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param boolean [params.stop]: *spot only* whether the order is a stop order
        :param str [params.orderFilter]: *spot only* 'Order' or 'StopOrder' or 'tpslOrder'
        :returns dict: An `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        orderRequest = self.cancel_order_request(id, symbol, params)
        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']['trade']
        await self.authenticate(url)
        requestId = str(self.request_id())
        if 'orderFilter' in orderRequest:
            del orderRequest['orderFilter']
        request = {
            'op': 'order.cancel',
            'reqId': requestId,
            'args': [
                orderRequest,
            ],
            'header': {
                'X-BAPI-TIMESTAMP': str(self.milliseconds()),
                'X-BAPI-RECV-WINDOW': str(self.options['recvWindow']),
            },
        }
        return await self.watch(url, requestId, request, requestId, True)

    async def watch_ticker(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Ticker:
        """
        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for a specific market
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/ticker
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-ticker
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        messageHash = 'ticker:' + symbol
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, False, 'watchTicker', params)
        params = self.clean_params(params)
        options = self.safe_value(self.options, 'watchTicker', {})
        topic = self.safe_string(options, 'name', 'tickers')
        if not market['spot'] and topic != 'tickers':
            raise BadRequest(self.id + ' watchTicker() only supports name tickers for contract markets')
        topic += '.' + market['id']
        topics = [topic]
        return await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)

    async def watch_tickers(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Tickers:
        """
        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for all markets of a specific list
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/ticker
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-ticker
        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols, None, False)
        messageHashes = []
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchTickers', params)
        params = self.clean_params(params)
        options = self.safe_value(self.options, 'watchTickers', {})
        topic = self.safe_string(options, 'name', 'tickers')
        marketIds = self.market_ids(symbols)
        topics = []
        for i in range(0, len(marketIds)):
            marketId = marketIds[i]
            topics.append(topic + '.' + marketId)
            messageHashes.append('ticker:' + symbols[i])
        ticker = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            result = {}
            result[ticker['symbol']] = ticker
            return result
        return self.filter_by_array(self.tickers, 'symbol', symbols)

    def handle_ticker(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        # linear
        #     {
        #         "topic": "tickers.BTCUSDT",
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "data": {
        #             "symbol": "BTCUSDT",
        #             "tickDirection": "PlusTick",
        #             "price24hPcnt": "0.017103",
        #             "lastPrice": "17216.00",
        #             "prevPrice24h": "16926.50",
        #             "highPrice24h": "17281.50",
        #             "lowPrice24h": "16915.00",
        #             "prevPrice1h": "17238.00",
        #             "markPrice": "17217.33",
        #             "indexPrice": "17227.36",
        #             "openInterest": "68744.761",
        #             "openInterestValue": "1183601235.91",
        #             "turnover24h": "1570383121.943499",
        #             "volume24h": "91705.276",
        #             "nextFundingTime": "1673280000000",
        #             "fundingRate": "-0.000212",
        #             "bid1Price": "17215.50",
        #             "bid1Size": "84.489",
        #             "ask1Price": "17216.00",
        #             "ask1Size": "83.020"
        #         },
        #         "cs": 24987956059,
        #         "ts": 1673272861686
        #     }
        #
        # option
        #     {
        #         "id": "tickers.BTC-6JAN23-17500-C-2480334983-1672917511074",
        #         "topic": "tickers.BTC-6JAN23-17500-C",
        #         "ts": 1672917511074,
        #         "data": {
        #             "symbol": "BTC-6JAN23-17500-C",
        #             "bidPrice": "0",
        #             "bidSize": "0",
        #             "bidIv": "0",
        #             "askPrice": "10",
        #             "askSize": "5.1",
        #             "askIv": "0.514",
        #             "lastPrice": "10",
        #             "highPrice24h": "25",
        #             "lowPrice24h": "5",
        #             "markPrice": "7.86976724",
        #             "indexPrice": "16823.73",
        #             "markPriceIv": "0.4896",
        #             "underlyingPrice": "16815.1",
        #             "openInterest": "49.85",
        #             "turnover24h": "446802.8473",
        #             "volume24h": "26.55",
        #             "totalVolume": "86",
        #             "totalTurnover": "1437431",
        #             "delta": "0.047831",
        #             "gamma": "0.00021453",
        #             "vega": "0.81351067",
        #             "theta": "-19.9115368",
        #             "predictedDeliveryPrice": "0",
        #             "change24h": "-0.33333334"
        #         },
        #         "type": "snapshot"
        #     }
        #
        # spot
        #     {
        #         "topic": "tickers.BTCUSDT",
        #         "ts": 1673853746003,
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "cs": 2588407389,
        #         "data": {
        #             "symbol": "BTCUSDT",
        #             "lastPrice": "21109.77",
        #             "highPrice24h": "21426.99",
        #             "lowPrice24h": "20575",
        #             "prevPrice24h": "20704.93",
        #             "volume24h": "6780.866843",
        #             "turnover24h": "141946527.22907118",
        #             "price24hPcnt": "0.0196",
        #             "usdIndexPrice": "21120.2400136"
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        # lt ticker
        #     {
        #         "topic": "tickers_lt.EOS3LUSDT",
        #         "ts": 1672325446847,
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "data": {
        #             "symbol": "EOS3LUSDT",
        #             "lastPrice": "0.41477848043290448",
        #             "highPrice24h": "0.435285472510871305",
        #             "lowPrice24h": "0.394601507960931382",
        #             "prevPrice24h": "0.431502290172376349",
        #             "price24hPcnt": "-0.0388"
        #         }
        #     }
        # swap delta
        #     {
        #         "topic":"tickers.AAVEUSDT",
        #         "type":"delta",
        #         "data":{
        #            "symbol":"AAVEUSDT",
        #            "bid1Price":"112.89",
        #            "bid1Size":"2.12",
        #            "ask1Price":"112.90",
        #            "ask1Size":"5.02"
        #         },
        #         "cs":78039939929,
        #         "ts":1709210212704
        #     }
        #
        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic', '')
        updateType = self.safe_string(message, 'type', '')
        data = self.safe_dict(message, 'data', {})
        isSpot = self.safe_string(data, 'usdIndexPrice') is not None
        type = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
        symbol = None
        parsed = None
        if (updateType == 'snapshot'):
            parsed = self.parse_ticker(data)
            symbol = parsed['symbol']
        elif updateType == 'delta':
            topicParts = topic.split('.')
            topicLength = len(topicParts)
            marketId = self.safe_string(topicParts, topicLength - 1)
            market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, type)
            symbol = market['symbol']
            # update the info in place
            ticker = self.safe_dict(self.tickers, symbol, {})
            rawTicker = self.safe_dict(ticker, 'info', {})
            merged = self.extend(rawTicker, data)
            parsed = self.parse_ticker(merged)
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
        parsed['timestamp'] = timestamp
        parsed['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
        self.tickers[symbol] = parsed
        messageHash = 'ticker:' + symbol
        client.resolve(self.tickers[symbol], messageHash)

    async def watch_ohlcv(self, symbol: str, timeframe='1m', since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[list]:
        """
        watches historical candlestick data containing the open, high, low, and close price, and the volume of a market
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/kline
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/etp-kline
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch OHLCV data for
        :param str timeframe: the length of time each candle represents
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest candle to fetch
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of candles to fetch
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns int[][]: A list of candles ordered, open, high, low, close, volume
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        market = self.market(symbol)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, False, 'watchOHLCV', params)
        params = self.clean_params(params)
        ohlcv = None
        timeframeId = self.safe_string(self.timeframes, timeframe, timeframe)
        topics = ['kline.' + timeframeId + '.' + market['id']]
        messageHash = 'kline' + ':' + timeframeId + ':' + symbol
        ohlcv = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            limit = ohlcv.getLimit(symbol, limit)
        return self.filter_by_since_limit(ohlcv, since, limit, 0, True)

    def handle_ohlcv(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #     {
        #         "topic": "kline.5.BTCUSDT",
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "start": 1672324800000,
        #                 "end": 1672325099999,
        #                 "interval": "5",
        #                 "open": "16649.5",
        #                 "close": "16677",
        #                 "high": "16677",
        #                 "low": "16608",
        #                 "volume": "2.081",
        #                 "turnover": "34666.4005",
        #                 "confirm": False,
        #                 "timestamp": 1672324988882
        #             }
        #         ],
        #         "ts": 1672324988882,
        #         "type": "snapshot"
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
        topicParts = topic.split('.')
        topicLength = len(topicParts)
        timeframeId = self.safe_string(topicParts, 1)
        timeframe = self.find_timeframe(timeframeId)
        marketId = self.safe_string(topicParts, topicLength - 1)
        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') > -1
        marketType = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        ohlcvsByTimeframe = self.safe_value(self.ohlcvs, symbol)
        if ohlcvsByTimeframe is None:
            self.ohlcvs[symbol] = {}
        stored = self.safe_value(ohlcvsByTimeframe, timeframe)
        if stored is None:
            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'OHLCVLimit', 1000)
            stored = ArrayCacheByTimestamp(limit)
            self.ohlcvs[symbol][timeframe] = stored
        for i in range(0, len(data)):
            parsed = self.parse_ws_ohlcv(data[i])
            stored.append(parsed)
        messageHash = 'kline' + ':' + timeframeId + ':' + symbol
        client.resolve(stored, messageHash)

    def parse_ws_ohlcv(self, ohlcv, market=None) -> list:
        #
        #     {
        #         "start": 1670363160000,
        #         "end": 1670363219999,
        #         "interval": "1",
        #         "open": "16987.5",
        #         "close": "16987.5",
        #         "high": "16988",
        #         "low": "16987.5",
        #         "volume": "23.511",
        #         "turnover": "399396.344",
        #         "confirm": False,
        #         "timestamp": 1670363219614
        #     }
        #
        return [
            self.safe_integer(ohlcv, 'start'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'open'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'high'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'low'),
            self.safe_number(ohlcv, 'close'),
            self.safe_number_2(ohlcv, 'volume', 'turnover'),
        ]

    async def watch_order_book(self, symbol: str, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
        """
        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/orderbook
        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the order book for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return.
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
        """
        return await self.watch_order_book_for_symbols([symbol], limit, params)

    async def watch_order_book_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
        """
        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/orderbook
        :param str[] symbols: unified array of symbols
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return.
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        symbolsLength = len(symbols)
        if symbolsLength == 0:
            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' watchOrderBookForSymbols() requires a non-empty array of symbols')
        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchOrderBook', params)
        params = self.clean_params(params)
        market = self.market(symbols[0])
        if limit is None:
            limit = 50 if (market['spot']) else 500
        else:
            if not market['spot']:
                # bybit only support limit 1, 50, 200, 500 for contract
                if (limit != 1) and (limit != 50) and (limit != 200) and (limit != 500):
                    raise BadRequest(self.id + ' watchOrderBookForSymbols() can only use limit 1, 50, 200 and 500.')
        topics = []
        messageHashes = []
        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
            symbol = symbols[i]
            marketId = self.market_id(symbol)
            topic = 'orderbook.' + str(limit) + '.' + marketId
            topics.append(topic)
            messageHash = 'orderbook:' + symbol
            messageHashes.append(messageHash)
        orderbook = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
        return orderbook.limit()

    def handle_order_book(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #     {
        #         "topic": "orderbook.50.BTCUSDT",
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "ts": 1672304484978,
        #         "data": {
        #             "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #             "b": [
        #                 ...,
        #                 [
        #                     "16493.50",
        #                     "0.006"
        #                 ],
        #                 [
        #                     "16493.00",
        #                     "0.100"
        #                 ]
        #             ],
        #             "a": [
        #                 [
        #                     "16611.00",
        #                     "0.029"
        #                 ],
        #                 [
        #                     "16612.00",
        #                     "0.213"
        #                 ],
        #             ],
        #             "u": 18521288,
        #             "seq": 7961638724
        #         }
        #     }
        #
        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') >= 0
        type = self.safe_string(message, 'type')
        isSnapshot = (type == 'snapshot')
        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
        marketId = self.safe_string(data, 's')
        marketType = 'spot' if isSpot else 'contract'
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
        orderbook = self.safe_value(self.orderbooks, symbol)
        if orderbook is None:
            orderbook = self.order_book()
        if isSnapshot:
            snapshot = self.parse_order_book(data, symbol, timestamp, 'b', 'a')
            orderbook.reset(snapshot)
        else:
            asks = self.safe_value(data, 'a', [])
            bids = self.safe_value(data, 'b', [])
            self.handle_deltas(orderbook['asks'], asks)
            self.handle_deltas(orderbook['bids'], bids)
            orderbook['timestamp'] = timestamp
            orderbook['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
        messageHash = 'orderbook' + ':' + symbol
        self.orderbooks[symbol] = orderbook
        client.resolve(orderbook, messageHash)

    def handle_delta(self, bookside, delta):
        bidAsk = self.parse_bid_ask(delta, 0, 1)
        bookside.storeArray(bidAsk)

    def handle_deltas(self, bookside, deltas):
        for i in range(0, len(deltas)):
            self.handle_delta(bookside, deltas[i])

    async def watch_trades(self, symbol: str, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
        """
        watches information on multiple trades made in a market
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/trade
        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market trades were made in
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch trades for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of trade structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of [trade structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=trade-structure
        """
        return await self.watch_trades_for_symbols([symbol], since, limit, params)

    async def watch_trades_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
        """
        get the list of most recent trades for a list of symbols
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/public/trade
        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest trade to fetch
        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of trades to fetch
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
        symbolsLength = len(symbols)
        if symbolsLength == 0:
            raise ArgumentsRequired(self.id + ' watchTradesForSymbols() requires a non-empty array of symbols')
        params = self.clean_params(params)
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbols[0], False, 'watchTrades', params)
        topics = []
        messageHashes = []
        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
            symbol = symbols[i]
            market = self.market(symbol)
            topic = 'publicTrade.' + market['id']
            topics.append(topic)
            messageHash = 'trade:' + symbol
            messageHashes.append(messageHash)
        trades = await self.watch_topics(url, messageHashes, topics, params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            first = self.safe_value(trades, 0)
            tradeSymbol = self.safe_string(first, 'symbol')
            limit = trades.getLimit(tradeSymbol, limit)
        return self.filter_by_since_limit(trades, since, limit, 'timestamp', True)

    def handle_trades(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #     {
        #         "topic": "publicTrade.BTCUSDT",
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "ts": 1672304486868,
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "T": 1672304486865,
        #                 "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #                 "S": "Buy",
        #                 "v": "0.001",
        #                 "p": "16578.50",
        #                 "L": "PlusTick",
        #                 "i": "20f43950-d8dd-5b31-9112-a178eb6023af",
        #                 "BT": False
        #             }
        #         ]
        #     }
        #
        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
        trades = data
        parts = topic.split('.')
        isSpot = client.url.find('spot') >= 0
        marketType = 'spot' if (isSpot) else 'contract'
        marketId = self.safe_string(parts, 1)
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, None, None, marketType)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        stored = self.safe_value(self.trades, symbol)
        if stored is None:
            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'tradesLimit', 1000)
            stored = ArrayCache(limit)
            self.trades[symbol] = stored
        for j in range(0, len(trades)):
            parsed = self.parse_ws_trade(trades[j], market)
            stored.append(parsed)
        messageHash = 'trade' + ':' + symbol
        client.resolve(stored, messageHash)

    def parse_ws_trade(self, trade, market=None):
        #
        # public
        #    {
        #         "T": 1672304486865,
        #         "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #         "S": "Buy",
        #         "v": "0.001",
        #         "p": "16578.50",
        #         "L": "PlusTick",
        #         "i": "20f43950-d8dd-5b31-9112-a178eb6023af",
        #         "BT": False
        #     }
        #
        # spot private
        #     {
        #         "e": "ticketInfo",
        #         "E": "1662348310386",
        #         "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #         "q": "0.001007",
        #         "t": "1662348310373",
        #         "p": "19842.02",
        #         "T": "2100000000002220938",
        #         "o": "1238261807653647872",
        #         "c": "spotx008",
        #         "O": "1238225004531834368",
        #         "a": "533287",
        #         "A": "642908",
        #         "m": False,
        #         "S": "BUY"
        #     }
        #
        id = self.safe_string_n(trade, ['i', 'T', 'v'])
        isContract = ('BT' in trade)
        marketType = 'contract' if isContract else 'spot'
        if market is not None:
            marketType = market['type']
        marketId = self.safe_string(trade, 's')
        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, None, marketType)
        symbol = market['symbol']
        timestamp = self.safe_integer_2(trade, 't', 'T')
        side = self.safe_string_lower(trade, 'S')
        takerOrMaker = None
        m = self.safe_value(trade, 'm')
        if side is None:
            side = 'buy' if m else 'sell'
        else:
            # spot private
            takerOrMaker = m
        price = self.safe_string(trade, 'p')
        amount = self.safe_string_2(trade, 'q', 'v')
        orderId = self.safe_string(trade, 'o')
        return self.safe_trade({
            'id': id,
            'info': trade,
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'symbol': symbol,
            'order': orderId,
            'type': None,
            'side': side,
            'takerOrMaker': takerOrMaker,
            'price': price,
            'amount': amount,
            'cost': None,
            'fee': None,
        }, market)

    def get_private_type(self, url):
        if url.find('spot') >= 0:
            return 'spot'
        elif url.find('v5/private') >= 0:
            return 'unified'
        else:
            return 'usdc'

    async def watch_my_trades(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
        """
        watches information on multiple trades made by the user
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/execution
        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market orders were made in
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :param boolean [params.unifiedMargin]: use unified margin account
        :returns dict[]: a list of [order structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure
        """
        method = 'watchMyTrades'
        messageHash = 'myTrades'
        await self.load_markets()
        if symbol is not None:
            symbol = self.symbol(symbol)
            messageHash += ':' + symbol
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, True, method, params)
        await self.authenticate(url)
        topicByMarket = {
            'spot': 'ticketInfo',
            'unified': 'execution',
            'usdc': 'user.openapi.perp.trade',
        }
        topic = self.safe_value(topicByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))
        trades = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], [topic], params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            limit = trades.getLimit(symbol, limit)
        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(trades, symbol, since, limit, True)

    def handle_my_trades(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        # spot
        #    {
        #        "type": "snapshot",
        #        "topic": "ticketInfo",
        #        "ts": "1662348310388",
        #        "data": [
        #            {
        #                "e": "ticketInfo",
        #                "E": "1662348310386",
        #                "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #                "q": "0.001007",
        #                "t": "1662348310373",
        #                "p": "19842.02",
        #                "T": "2100000000002220938",
        #                "o": "1238261807653647872",
        #                "c": "spotx008",
        #                "O": "1238225004531834368",
        #                "a": "533287",
        #                "A": "642908",
        #                "m": False,
        #                "S": "BUY"
        #            }
        #        ]
        #    }
        # unified
        #     {
        #         "id": "592324803b2785-26fa-4214-9963-bdd4727f07be",
        #         "topic": "execution",
        #         "creationTime": 1672364174455,
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "category": "linear",
        #                 "symbol": "XRPUSDT",
        #                 "execFee": "0.005061",
        #                 "execId": "7e2ae69c-4edf-5800-a352-893d52b446aa",
        #                 "execPrice": "0.3374",
        #                 "execQty": "25",
        #                 "execType": "Trade",
        #                 "execValue": "8.435",
        #                 "isMaker": False,
        #                 "feeRate": "0.0006",
        #                 "tradeIv": "",
        #                 "markIv": "",
        #                 "blockTradeId": "",
        #                 "markPrice": "0.3391",
        #                 "indexPrice": "",
        #                 "underlyingPrice": "",
        #                 "leavesQty": "0",
        #                 "orderId": "f6e324ff-99c2-4e89-9739-3086e47f9381",
        #                 "orderLinkId": "",
        #                 "orderPrice": "0.3207",
        #                 "orderQty": "25",
        #                 "orderType": "Market",
        #                 "stopOrderType": "UNKNOWN",
        #                 "side": "Sell",
        #                 "execTime": "1672364174443",
        #                 "isLeverage": "0"
        #             }
        #         ]
        #     }
        #
        topic = self.safe_string(message, 'topic')
        spot = topic == 'ticketInfo'
        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
        if not isinstance(data, list):
            data = self.safe_value(data, 'result', [])
        if self.myTrades is None:
            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'tradesLimit', 1000)
            self.myTrades = ArrayCacheBySymbolById(limit)
        trades = self.myTrades
        symbols = {}
        for i in range(0, len(data)):
            rawTrade = data[i]
            parsed = None
            if spot:
                parsed = self.parse_ws_trade(rawTrade)
            else:
                parsed = self.parse_trade(rawTrade)
            symbol = parsed['symbol']
            symbols[symbol] = True
            trades.append(parsed)
        keys = list(symbols.keys())
        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
            currentMessageHash = 'myTrades:' + keys[i]
            client.resolve(trades, currentMessageHash)
        # non-symbol specific
        messageHash = 'myTrades'
        client.resolve(trades, messageHash)

    async def watch_positions(self, symbols: Strings = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Position]:
        """
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/position
        watch all open positions
        :param str[] [symbols]: list of unified market symbols
        :param dict params: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of `position structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/en/latest/manual.html#position-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        method = 'watchPositions'
        messageHash = ''
        if not self.is_empty(symbols):
            symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
            messageHash = '::' + ','.join(symbols)
        firstSymbol = self.safe_string(symbols, 0)
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(firstSymbol, True, method, params)
        messageHash = 'positions' + messageHash
        client = self.client(url)
        await self.authenticate(url)
        self.set_positions_cache(client, symbols)
        cache = self.positions
        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', True)
        awaitPositionsSnapshot = self.safe_bool('watchPositions', 'awaitPositionsSnapshot', True)
        if fetchPositionsSnapshot and awaitPositionsSnapshot and cache is None:
            snapshot = await client.future('fetchPositionsSnapshot')
            return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(snapshot, symbols, since, limit, True)
        topics = ['position']
        newPositions = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            return newPositions
        return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(cache, symbols, since, limit, True)

    def set_positions_cache(self, client: Client, symbols: Strings = None):
        if self.positions is not None:
            return
        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', True)
        if fetchPositionsSnapshot:
            messageHash = 'fetchPositionsSnapshot'
            if not (messageHash in client.futures):
                client.future(messageHash)
                self.spawn(self.load_positions_snapshot, client, messageHash)
        else:
            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()

    async def load_positions_snapshot(self, client, messageHash):
        # one ws channel gives positions for all types, for snapshot must load all positions
        fetchFunctions = [
            self.fetch_positions(None, {'type': 'swap', 'subType': 'linear'}),
            self.fetch_positions(None, {'type': 'swap', 'subType': 'inverse'}),
        ]
        promises = await asyncio.gather(*fetchFunctions)
        self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
        cache = self.positions
        for i in range(0, len(promises)):
            positions = promises[i]
            for ii in range(0, len(positions)):
                position = positions[ii]
                cache.append(position)
        # don't remove the future from the .futures cache
        future = client.futures[messageHash]
        future.resolve(cache)
        client.resolve(cache, 'position')

    def handle_positions(self, client, message):
        #
        #    {
        #        topic: 'position',
        #        id: '504b2671629b08e3c4f6960382a59363:3bc4028023786545:0:01',
        #        creationTime: 1694566055295,
        #        data: [{
        #            bustPrice: '15.00',
        #            category: 'inverse',
        #            createdTime: '1670083436351',
        #            cumRealisedPnl: '0.00011988',
        #            entryPrice: '19358.58553268',
        #            leverage: '10',
        #            liqPrice: '15.00',
        #            markPrice: '25924.00',
        #            positionBalance: '0.0000156',
        #            positionIdx: 0,
        #            positionMM: '0.001',
        #            positionIM: '0.0000015497',
        #            positionStatus: 'Normal',
        #            positionValue: '0.00015497',
        #            riskId: 1,
        #            riskLimitValue: '150',
        #            side: 'Buy',
        #            size: '3',
        #            stopLoss: '0.00',
        #            symbol: 'BTCUSD',
        #            takeProfit: '0.00',
        #            tpslMode: 'Full',
        #            tradeMode: 0,
        #            autoAddMargin: 1,
        #            trailingStop: '0.00',
        #            unrealisedPnl: '0.00003925',
        #            updatedTime: '1694566055293',
        #            adlRankIndicator: 3
        #        }]
        #    }
        #
        # each account is connected to a different endpoint
        # and has exactly one subscriptionhash which is the account type
        if self.positions is None:
            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
        cache = self.positions
        newPositions = []
        rawPositions = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
        for i in range(0, len(rawPositions)):
            rawPosition = rawPositions[i]
            position = self.parse_position(rawPosition)
            side = self.safe_string(position, 'side')
            # hacky solution to handle closing positions
            # without crashing, we should handle self properly later
            newPositions.append(position)
            if side is None or side == '':
                # closing update, adding both sides to "reset" both sides
                # since we don't know which side is being closed
                position['side'] = 'long'
                cache.append(position)
                position['side'] = 'short'
                cache.append(position)
                position['side'] = None
            else:
                # regular update
                cache.append(position)
        messageHashes = self.find_message_hashes(client, 'positions::')
        for i in range(0, len(messageHashes)):
            messageHash = messageHashes[i]
            parts = messageHash.split('::')
            symbolsString = parts[1]
            symbols = symbolsString.split(',')
            positions = self.filter_by_array(newPositions, 'symbol', symbols, False)
            if not self.is_empty(positions):
                client.resolve(positions, messageHash)
        client.resolve(newPositions, 'positions')

    async def watch_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Order]:
        """
        watches information on multiple orders made by the user
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/order
        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market orders were made in
        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for
        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict[]: a list of [order structures]{@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        method = 'watchOrders'
        messageHash = 'orders'
        if symbol is not None:
            symbol = self.symbol(symbol)
            messageHash += ':' + symbol
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(symbol, True, method, params)
        await self.authenticate(url)
        topicsByMarket = {
            'spot': ['order', 'stopOrder'],
            'unified': ['order'],
            'usdc': ['user.openapi.perp.order'],
        }
        topics = self.safe_value(topicsByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))
        orders = await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)
        if self.newUpdates:
            limit = orders.getLimit(symbol, limit)
        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(orders, symbol, since, limit, True)

    def handle_order_ws(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #    {
        #        "reqId":"1",
        #        "retCode":0,
        #        "retMsg":"OK",
        #        "op":"order.create",
        #        "data":{
        #            "orderId":"1673523595617593600",
        #            "orderLinkId":"1673523595617593601"
        #        },
        #        "header":{
        #            "X-Bapi-Limit":"20",
        #            "X-Bapi-Limit-Status":"19",
        #            "X-Bapi-Limit-Reset-Timestamp":"1714235558880",
        #            "Traceid":"584a06d373f2fdcb3a4dfdd81d27df11",
        #            "Timenow":"1714235558881"
        #        },
        #        "connId":"cojidqec0hv9fgvhtbt0-40e"
        #    }
        #
        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'reqId')
        data = self.safe_dict(message, 'data')
        order = self.parse_order(data)
        client.resolve(order, messageHash)

    def handle_order(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #     spot
        #     {
        #         "type": "snapshot",
        #         "topic": "order",
        #         "ts": "1662348310441",
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "e": "order",
        #                 "E": "1662348310441",
        #                 "s": "BTCUSDT",
        #                 "c": "spotx008",
        #                 "S": "BUY",
        #                 "o": "MARKET_OF_QUOTE",
        #                 "f": "GTC",
        #                 "q": "20",
        #                 "p": "0",
        #                 "X": "CANCELED",
        #                 "i": "1238261807653647872",
        #                 "M": "1238225004531834368",
        #                 "l": "0.001007",
        #                 "z": "0.001007",
        #                 "L": "19842.02",
        #                 "n": "0",
        #                 "N": "BTC",
        #                 "u": True,
        #                 "w": True,
        #                 "m": False,
        #                 "O": "1662348310368",
        #                 "Z": "19.98091414",
        #                 "A": "0",
        #                 "C": False,
        #                 "v": "0",
        #                 "d": "NO_LIQ",
        #                 "t": "2100000000002220938"
        #             }
        #         ]
        #     }
        # unified
        #     {
        #         "id": "5923240c6880ab-c59f-420b-9adb-3639adc9dd90",
        #         "topic": "order",
        #         "creationTime": 1672364262474,
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "symbol": "ETH-30DEC22-1400-C",
        #                 "orderId": "5cf98598-39a7-459e-97bf-76ca765ee020",
        #                 "side": "Sell",
        #                 "orderType": "Market",
        #                 "cancelType": "UNKNOWN",
        #                 "price": "72.5",
        #                 "qty": "1",
        #                 "orderIv": "",
        #                 "timeInForce": "IOC",
        #                 "orderStatus": "Filled",
        #                 "orderLinkId": "",
        #                 "lastPriceOnCreated": "",
        #                 "reduceOnly": False,
        #                 "leavesQty": "",
        #                 "leavesValue": "",
        #                 "cumExecQty": "1",
        #                 "cumExecValue": "75",
        #                 "avgPrice": "75",
        #                 "blockTradeId": "",
        #                 "positionIdx": 0,
        #                 "cumExecFee": "0.358635",
        #                 "createdTime": "1672364262444",
        #                 "updatedTime": "1672364262457",
        #                 "rejectReason": "EC_NoError",
        #                 "stopOrderType": "",
        #                 "triggerPrice": "",
        #                 "takeProfit": "",
        #                 "stopLoss": "",
        #                 "tpTriggerBy": "",
        #                 "slTriggerBy": "",
        #                 "triggerDirection": 0,
        #                 "triggerBy": "",
        #                 "closeOnTrigger": False,
        #                 "category": "option"
        #             }
        #         ]
        #     }
        #
        if self.orders is None:
            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'ordersLimit', 1000)
            self.orders = ArrayCacheBySymbolById(limit)
        orders = self.orders
        rawOrders = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
        first = self.safe_value(rawOrders, 0, {})
        category = self.safe_string(first, 'category')
        isSpot = category == 'spot'
        if not isSpot:
            rawOrders = self.safe_value(rawOrders, 'result', rawOrders)
        symbols = {}
        for i in range(0, len(rawOrders)):
            parsed = None
            if isSpot:
                parsed = self.parse_ws_spot_order(rawOrders[i])
            else:
                parsed = self.parse_order(rawOrders[i])
            symbol = parsed['symbol']
            symbols[symbol] = True
            orders.append(parsed)
        symbolsArray = list(symbols.keys())
        for i in range(0, len(symbolsArray)):
            currentMessageHash = 'orders:' + symbolsArray[i]
            client.resolve(orders, currentMessageHash)
        messageHash = 'orders'
        client.resolve(orders, messageHash)

    def parse_ws_spot_order(self, order, market=None):
        #
        #    {
        #        "e": "executionReport",
        #        "E": "1653297251061",  # timestamp
        #        "s": "LTCUSDT",  # symbol
        #        "c": "1653297250740",  # user id
        #        "S": "SELL",  # side
        #        "o": "MARKET_OF_BASE",  # order type
        #        "f": "GTC",  # time in force
        #        "q": "0.16233",  # quantity
        #        "p": "0",  # price
        #        "X": "NEW",  # status
        #        "i": "1162336018974750208",  # order id
        #        "M": "0",
        #        "l": "0",  # last filled
        #        "z": "0",  # total filled
        #        "L": "0",  # last traded price
        #        "n": "0",  # trading fee
        #        "N": '',  # fee asset
        #        "u": True,
        #        "w": True,
        #        "m": False,  # is limit_maker
        #        "O": "1653297251042",  # order creation
        #        "Z": "0",  # total filled
        #        "A": "0",  # account id
        #        "C": False,  # is close
        #        "v": "0",  # leverage
        #        "d": "NO_LIQ"
        #    }
        # v5
        #    {
        #        "category":"spot",
        #        "symbol":"LTCUSDT",
        #        "orderId":"1474764674982492160",
        #        "orderLinkId":"1690541649154749",
        #        "blockTradeId":"",
        #        "side":"Buy",
        #        "positionIdx":0,
        #        "orderStatus":"Cancelled",
        #        "cancelType":"UNKNOWN",
        #        "rejectReason":"EC_NoError",
        #        "timeInForce":"GTC",
        #        "isLeverage":"0",
        #        "price":"0",
        #        "qty":"5.00000",
        #        "avgPrice":"0",
        #        "leavesQty":"0.00000",
        #        "leavesValue":"5.0000000",
        #        "cumExecQty":"0.00000",
        #        "cumExecValue":"0.0000000",
        #        "cumExecFee":"",
        #        "orderType":"Market",
        #        "stopOrderType":"",
        #        "orderIv":"",
        #        "triggerPrice":"0.000",
        #        "takeProfit":"",
        #        "stopLoss":"",
        #        "triggerBy":"",
        #        "tpTriggerBy":"",
        #        "slTriggerBy":"",
        #        "triggerDirection":0,
        #        "placeType":"",
        #        "lastPriceOnCreated":"0.000",
        #        "closeOnTrigger":false,
        #        "reduceOnly":false,
        #        "smpGroup":0,
        #        "smpType":"None",
        #        "smpOrderId":"",
        #        "createdTime":"1690541649160",
        #        "updatedTime":"1690541649168"
        #     }
        #
        id = self.safe_string_2(order, 'i', 'orderId')
        marketId = self.safe_string_2(order, 's', 'symbol')
        symbol = self.safe_symbol(marketId, market, None, 'spot')
        timestamp = self.safe_integer_2(order, 'O', 'createdTime')
        price = self.safe_string_2(order, 'p', 'price')
        if price == '0':
            price = None  # market orders
        filled = self.safe_string_2(order, 'z', 'cumExecQty')
        status = self.parse_order_status(self.safe_string_2(order, 'X', 'orderStatus'))
        side = self.safe_string_lower_2(order, 'S', 'side')
        lastTradeTimestamp = self.safe_string_2(order, 'E', 'updatedTime')
        timeInForce = self.safe_string_2(order, 'f', 'timeInForce')
        amount = None
        cost = self.safe_string_2(order, 'Z', 'cumExecValue')
        type = self.safe_string_lower_2(order, 'o', 'orderType')
        if (type is not None) and (type.find('market') >= 0):
            type = 'market'
        if type == 'market' and side == 'buy':
            amount = filled
        else:
            amount = self.safe_string_2(order, 'orderQty', 'qty')
        fee = None
        feeCost = self.safe_string_2(order, 'n', 'cumExecFee')
        if feeCost is not None and feeCost != '0':
            feeCurrencyId = self.safe_string(order, 'N')
            feeCurrencyCode = self.safe_currency_code(feeCurrencyId)
            fee = {
                'cost': feeCost,
                'currency': feeCurrencyCode,
            }
        triggerPrice = self.omit_zero(self.safe_string(order, 'triggerPrice'))
        return self.safe_order({
            'info': order,
            'id': id,
            'clientOrderId': self.safe_string_2(order, 'c', 'orderLinkId'),
            'timestamp': timestamp,
            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
            'lastTradeTimestamp': lastTradeTimestamp,
            'symbol': symbol,
            'type': type,
            'timeInForce': timeInForce,
            'postOnly': None,
            'side': side,
            'price': price,
            'stopPrice': triggerPrice,
            'triggerPrice': triggerPrice,
            'takeProfitPrice': self.safe_string(order, 'takeProfit'),
            'stopLossPrice': self.safe_string(order, 'stopLoss'),
            'reduceOnly': self.safe_value(order, 'reduceOnly'),
            'amount': amount,
            'cost': cost,
            'average': self.safe_string(order, 'avgPrice'),
            'filled': filled,
            'remaining': None,
            'status': status,
            'fee': fee,
        }, market)

    async def watch_balance(self, params={}) -> Balances:
        """
        watch balance and get the amount of funds available for trading or funds locked in orders
        :see: https://bybit-exchange.github.io/docs/v5/websocket/private/wallet
        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
        :returns dict: a `balance structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=balance-structure>`
        """
        await self.load_markets()
        method = 'watchBalance'
        messageHash = 'balances'
        type = None
        type, params = self.handle_market_type_and_params('watchBalance', None, params)
        subType = None
        subType, params = self.handle_sub_type_and_params('watchBalance', None, params)
        unified = await self.isUnifiedEnabled()
        isUnifiedMargin = self.safe_bool(unified, 0, False)
        isUnifiedAccount = self.safe_bool(unified, 1, False)
        url = self.get_url_by_market_type(None, True, method, params)
        await self.authenticate(url)
        topicByMarket = {
            'spot': 'outboundAccountInfo',
            'unified': 'wallet',
        }
        if isUnifiedAccount:
            # unified account
            if subType == 'inverse':
                messageHash += ':contract'
            else:
                messageHash += ':unified'
        if not isUnifiedMargin and not isUnifiedAccount:
            # normal account using v5
            if type == 'spot':
                messageHash += ':spot'
            else:
                messageHash += ':contract'
        if isUnifiedMargin:
            # unified margin account using v5
            if type == 'spot':
                messageHash += ':spot'
            else:
                if subType == 'linear':
                    messageHash += ':unified'
                else:
                    messageHash += ':contract'
        topics = [self.safe_value(topicByMarket, self.get_private_type(url))]
        return await self.watch_topics(url, [messageHash], topics, params)

    def handle_balance(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        # spot
        #    {
        #        "type": "snapshot",
        #        "topic": "outboundAccountInfo",
        #        "ts": "1662107217641",
        #        "data": [
        #            {
        #                "e": "outboundAccountInfo",
        #                "E": "1662107217640",
        #                "T": True,
        #                "W": True,
        #                "D": True,
        #                "B": [
        #                    {
        #                        "a": "USDT",
        #                        "f": "176.81254174",
        #                        "l": "201.575"
        #                    }
        #                ]
        #            }
        #        ]
        #    }
        # unified
        #     {
        #         "id": "5923242c464be9-25ca-483d-a743-c60101fc656f",
        #         "topic": "wallet",
        #         "creationTime": 1672364262482,
        #         "data": [
        #             {
        #                 "accountIMRate": "0.016",
        #                 "accountMMRate": "0.003",
        #                 "totalEquity": "12837.78330098",
        #                 "totalWalletBalance": "12840.4045924",
        #                 "totalMarginBalance": "12837.78330188",
        #                 "totalAvailableBalance": "12632.05767702",
        #                 "totalPerpUPL": "-2.62129051",
        #                 "totalInitialMargin": "205.72562486",
        #                 "totalMaintenanceMargin": "39.42876721",
        #                 "coin": [
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "USDC",
        #                         "equity": "200.62572554",
        #                         "usdValue": "200.62572554",
        #                         "walletBalance": "201.34882644",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "1500000",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "202.99874213",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "39.14289747",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "74.2768991",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "-209.1544627",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     },
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "BTC",
        #                         "equity": "0.06488393",
        #                         "usdValue": "1023.08402268",
        #                         "walletBalance": "0.06488393",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0.06488393",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "2.5",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     },
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "ETH",
        #                         "equity": "0",
        #                         "usdValue": "0",
        #                         "walletBalance": "0",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "0",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "26",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     },
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "USDT",
        #                         "equity": "11726.64664904",
        #                         "usdValue": "11613.58597018",
        #                         "walletBalance": "11728.54414904",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "11723.92075829",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "2500000",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "0",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "2.72589075",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0.28576575",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "-1.8975",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0.64782276",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     },
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "EOS3L",
        #                         "equity": "215.0570412",
        #                         "usdValue": "0",
        #                         "walletBalance": "215.0570412",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "215.0570412",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "0",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     },
        #                     {
        #                         "coin": "BIT",
        #                         "equity": "1.82",
        #                         "usdValue": "0.48758257",
        #                         "walletBalance": "1.82",
        #                         "availableToWithdraw": "1.82",
        #                         "availableToBorrow": "0",
        #                         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #                         "accruedInterest": "",
        #                         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionIM": "0",
        #                         "totalPositionMM": "0",
        #                         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
        #                         "bonus": "0"
        #                     }
        #                 ],
        #                 "accountType": "UNIFIED"
        #             }
        #         ]
        #     }
        #
        if self.balance is None:
            self.balance = {}
        messageHash = 'balance'
        topic = self.safe_value(message, 'topic')
        info = None
        rawBalances = []
        account = None
        if topic == 'outboundAccountInfo':
            account = 'spot'
            data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
            for i in range(0, len(data)):
                B = self.safe_value(data[i], 'B', [])
                rawBalances = self.array_concat(rawBalances, B)
            info = rawBalances
        if topic == 'wallet':
            data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', {})
            for i in range(0, len(data)):
                result = self.safe_value(data, 0, {})
                account = self.safe_string_lower(result, 'accountType')
                rawBalances = self.array_concat(rawBalances, self.safe_value(result, 'coin', []))
            info = data
        for i in range(0, len(rawBalances)):
            self.parse_ws_balance(rawBalances[i], account)
        if account is not None:
            if self.safe_value(self.balance, account) is None:
                self.balance[account] = {}
            self.balance[account]['info'] = info
            timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
            self.balance[account]['timestamp'] = timestamp
            self.balance[account]['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
            self.balance[account] = self.safe_balance(self.balance[account])
            messageHash = 'balances:' + account
            client.resolve(self.balance[account], messageHash)
        else:
            self.balance['info'] = info
            timestamp = self.safe_integer(message, 'ts')
            self.balance['timestamp'] = timestamp
            self.balance['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
            self.balance = self.safe_balance(self.balance)
            messageHash = 'balances'
            client.resolve(self.balance, messageHash)

    def parse_ws_balance(self, balance, accountType=None):
        #
        # spot
        #    {
        #        "a": "USDT",
        #        "f": "176.81254174",
        #        "l": "201.575"
        #    }
        # unified
        #     {
        #         "coin": "BTC",
        #         "equity": "0.06488393",
        #         "usdValue": "1023.08402268",
        #         "walletBalance": "0.06488393",
        #         "availableToWithdraw": "0.06488393",
        #         "availableToBorrow": "2.5",
        #         "borrowAmount": "0",
        #         "accruedInterest": "0",
        #         "totalOrderIM": "0",
        #         "totalPositionIM": "0",
        #         "totalPositionMM": "0",
        #         "unrealisedPnl": "0",
        #         "cumRealisedPnl": "0",
        #         "bonus": "0"
        #     }
        #
        account = self.account()
        currencyId = self.safe_string_2(balance, 'a', 'coin')
        code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId)
        account['free'] = self.safe_string_n(balance, ['availableToWithdraw', 'f', 'free', 'availableToWithdraw'])
        account['used'] = self.safe_string_2(balance, 'l', 'locked')
        account['total'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'walletBalance')
        if accountType is not None:
            if self.safe_value(self.balance, accountType) is None:
                self.balance[accountType] = {}
            self.balance[accountType][code] = account
        else:
            self.balance[code] = account

    async def watch_topics(self, url, messageHashes, topics, params={}):
        request = {
            'op': 'subscribe',
            'req_id': self.request_id(),
            'args': topics,
        }
        message = self.extend(request, params)
        return await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, message, topics)

    async def authenticate(self, url, params={}):
        self.check_required_credentials()
        messageHash = 'authenticated'
        client = self.client(url)
        future = client.future(messageHash)
        authenticated = self.safe_value(client.subscriptions, messageHash)
        if authenticated is None:
            expiresInt = self.milliseconds() + 10000
            expires = self.number_to_string(expiresInt)
            path = 'GET/realtime'
            auth = path + expires
            signature = self.hmac(self.encode(auth), self.encode(self.secret), hashlib.sha256, 'hex')
            request = {
                'op': 'auth',
                'args': [
                    self.apiKey, expires, signature,
                ],
            }
            message = self.extend(request, params)
            self.watch(url, messageHash, message, messageHash)
        return await future

    def handle_error_message(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #   {
        #       "success": False,
        #       "ret_msg": "error:invalid op",
        #       "conn_id": "5e079fdd-9c7f-404d-9dbf-969d650838b5",
        #       "request": {op: '', args: null}
        #   }
        #
        # auth error
        #
        #   {
        #       "success": False,
        #       "ret_msg": "error:USVC1111",
        #       "conn_id": "e73770fb-a0dc-45bd-8028-140e20958090",
        #       "request": {
        #         "op": "auth",
        #         "args": [
        #           "9rFT6uR4uz9Imkw4Wx",
        #           "1653405853543",
        #           "542e71bd85597b4db0290f0ce2d13ed1fd4bb5df3188716c1e9cc69a879f7889"
        #         ]
        #   }
        #
        #   {code: '-10009', desc: "Invalid period!"}
        #
        #   {
        #       "reqId":"1",
        #       "retCode":170131,
        #       "retMsg":"Insufficient balance.",
        #       "op":"order.create",
        #       "data":{
        #
        #       },
        #       "header":{
        #           "X-Bapi-Limit":"20",
        #           "X-Bapi-Limit-Status":"19",
        #           "X-Bapi-Limit-Reset-Timestamp":"1714236608944",
        #           "Traceid":"3d7168a137bf32a947b7e5e6a575ac7f",
        #           "Timenow":"1714236608946"
        #       },
        #       "connId":"cojifin88smerbj9t560-406"
        #   }
        #
        code = self.safe_string_n(message, ['code', 'ret_code', 'retCode'])
        try:
            if code is not None and code != '0':
                feedback = self.id + ' ' + self.json(message)
                self.throw_exactly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['exact'], code, feedback)
                msg = self.safe_string_2(message, 'retMsg', 'ret_msg')
                self.throw_broadly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['broad'], msg, feedback)
                raise ExchangeError(feedback)
            success = self.safe_value(message, 'success')
            if success is not None and not success:
                ret_msg = self.safe_string(message, 'ret_msg')
                request = self.safe_value(message, 'request', {})
                op = self.safe_string(request, 'op')
                if op == 'auth':
                    raise AuthenticationError('Authentication failed: ' + ret_msg)
                else:
                    raise ExchangeError(self.id + ' ' + ret_msg)
            return False
        except Exception as error:
            if isinstance(error, AuthenticationError):
                messageHash = 'authenticated'
                client.reject(error, messageHash)
                if messageHash in client.subscriptions:
                    del client.subscriptions[messageHash]
            else:
                messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'reqId')
                client.reject(error, messageHash)
            return True

    def handle_message(self, client: Client, message):
        if self.handle_error_message(client, message):
            return
        # contract pong
        ret_msg = self.safe_string(message, 'ret_msg')
        if ret_msg == 'pong':
            self.handle_pong(client, message)
            return
        # spot pong
        pong = self.safe_integer(message, 'pong')
        if pong is not None:
            self.handle_pong(client, message)
            return
        # pong
        event = self.safe_string(message, 'event')
        if event == 'sub':
            self.handle_subscription_status(client, message)
            return
        topic = self.safe_string_2(message, 'topic', 'op')
        methods = {
            'orderbook': self.handle_order_book,
            'kline': self.handle_ohlcv,
            'order': self.handle_order,
            'stopOrder': self.handle_order,
            'ticker': self.handle_ticker,
            'trade': self.handle_trades,
            'publicTrade': self.handle_trades,
            'depth': self.handle_order_book,
            'wallet': self.handle_balance,
            'outboundAccountInfo': self.handle_balance,
            'execution': self.handle_my_trades,
            'ticketInfo': self.handle_my_trades,
            'user.openapi.perp.trade': self.handle_my_trades,
            'position': self.handle_positions,
            'pong': self.handle_pong,
            'order.create': self.handle_order_ws,
            'order.amend': self.handle_order_ws,
            'order.cancel': self.handle_order_ws,
            'auth': self.handle_authenticate,
        }
        exacMethod = self.safe_value(methods, topic)
        if exacMethod is not None:
            exacMethod(client, message)
            return
        keys = list(methods.keys())
        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
            key = keys[i]
            if topic.find(keys[i]) >= 0:
                method = methods[key]
                method(client, message)
                return
        # unified auth acknowledgement
        type = self.safe_string(message, 'type')
        if type == 'AUTH_RESP':
            self.handle_authenticate(client, message)

    def ping(self, client):
        return {
            'req_id': self.request_id(),
            'op': 'ping',
        }

    def handle_pong(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #   {
        #       "success": True,
        #       "ret_msg": "pong",
        #       "conn_id": "db3158a0-8960-44b9-a9de-ac350ee13158",
        #       "request": {op: "ping", args: null}
        #   }
        #
        #   {pong: 1653296711335}
        #
        client.lastPong = self.safe_integer(message, 'pong')
        return message

    def handle_authenticate(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #    {
        #        "success": True,
        #        "ret_msg": '',
        #        "op": "auth",
        #        "conn_id": "ce3dpomvha7dha97tvp0-2xh"
        #    }
        #
        #    {
        #        "retCode":0,
        #        "retMsg":"OK",
        #        "op":"auth",
        #        "connId":"cojifin88smerbj9t560-404"
        #    }
        #
        success = self.safe_value(message, 'success')
        code = self.safe_integer(message, 'retCode')
        messageHash = 'authenticated'
        if success or code == 0:
            future = self.safe_value(client.futures, messageHash)
            future.resolve(True)
        else:
            error = AuthenticationError(self.id + ' ' + self.json(message))
            client.reject(error, messageHash)
            if messageHash in client.subscriptions:
                del client.subscriptions[messageHash]
        return message

    def handle_subscription_status(self, client: Client, message):
        #
        #    {
        #        "topic": "kline",
        #        "event": "sub",
        #        "params": {
        #          "symbol": "LTCUSDT",
        #          "binary": "false",
        #          "klineType": "1m",
        #          "symbolName": "LTCUSDT"
        #        },
        #        "code": "0",
        #        "msg": "Success"
        #    }
        #
        return message
