"""
Diffing module for the Cacao framework.
Implements a Virtual DOM (VDOM) diffing algorithm to efficiently update UI.
"""

from typing import List, Dict, Any

def vdom_diff(old_vdom: Dict[str, Any], new_vdom: Dict[str, Any]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """
    Compares two VDOM structures and returns a list of patch operations.
    
    Example of a patch operation:
    [
      {
        "op": "replace",
        "path": "/children/0/props/value",
        "value": "New text"
      }
    ]
    """
    patches = []
    # Placeholder logic for demonstration
    if old_vdom != new_vdom:
        patches.append({
            "op": "replace",
            "path": "/",
            "value": new_vdom
        })
    return patches
