.. _Change-Sources:

Change Sources
--------------

.. contents::
    :depth: 2
    :local:

A Version Control System maintains a source tree, and tells the
buildmaster when it changes. The first step of each :class:`Build` is typically
to acquire a copy of some version of this tree.

This chapter describes how the Buildbot learns about what :class:`Change`\s have
occurred. For more information on VC systems and :class:`Change`\s, see
:ref:`Version-Control-Systems`.

:class:`Change`\s can be provided by a variety of :class:`ChangeSource` types, although any given
project will typically have only a single :class:`ChangeSource` active. This section
provides a description of all available :class:`ChangeSource` types and explains how to
set up each of them.

.. _Choosing-a-Change-Source:

Choosing a Change Source
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

There are a variety of :class:`ChangeSource` classes available, some of which are
meant to be used in conjunction with other tools to deliver :class:`Change`
events from the VC repository to the buildmaster.

As a quick guide, here is a list of VC systems and the :class:`ChangeSource`\s
that might be useful with them.  Note that some of these modules are in
Buildbot's "contrib" directory, meaning that they have been offered by other
users in hopes they may be useful, and might require some additional work to
make them functional.

CVS
 * :bb:chsrc:`CVSMaildirSource` (watching mail sent by ``contrib/buildbot_cvs_mail.py`` script)
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from ``buildbot
   sendchange`` run in a loginfo script)
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from a long-running
   :file:`contrib/viewcvspoll.py` polling process which examines the ViewCVS
   database directly)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus

SVN
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/svn_buildbot.py` run in a postcommit script)
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from a long-running
   :file:`contrib/svn_watcher.py` or :file:`contrib/svnpoller.py` polling
   process
 * :bb:chsrc:`SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource` (watching for email sent by
   :file:`commit-email.pl`)
 * :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` (polling the SVN repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus
 * :bb:chsrc:`GoogleCodeAtomPoller` (polling the
   commit feed for a GoogleCode Git repository)

Darcs
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/darcs_buildbot.py` in a commit script)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus

Mercurial
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/hg_buildbot.py` run in an 'changegroup' hook)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
 * BitBucket change hook (specifically designed for BitBucket notifications,
    but requiring a publicly-accessible WebStatus)
 * :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` (polling a remote Mercurial repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`GoogleCodeAtomPoller` (polling the
   commit feed for a GoogleCode Git repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller` (polling Bitbucket for pull requests)

Bzr (the newer Bazaar)
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/bzr_buildbot.py` run in a post-change-branch-tip or commit hook)
 * :bb:chsrc:`BzrPoller` (polling the Bzr repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus

Git
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/git_buildbot.py` run in the post-receive hook)
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`contrib/github_buildbot.py`, which listens for notifications
   from GitHub)
 * :bb:chsrc:`Change Hooks` in WebStatus
 * GitHub change hook (specifically designed for GitHub notifications,
   but requiring a publicly-accessible WebStatus)
 * BitBucket change hook (specifically designed for BitBucket notifications,
   but requiring a publicly-accessible WebStatus)
 * :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller` (polling a remote Git repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`GoogleCodeAtomPoller` (polling the
   commit feed for a GoogleCode Git repository)
 * :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller` (polling Bitbucket for pull requests)


Repo/Git
 * :bb:chsrc:`GerritChangeSource` connects to Gerrit
   via SSH to get a live stream of changes

Monotone
 * :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` (listening for connections from
   :file:`monotone-buildbot.lua`, which is available with Monotone)

All VC systems can be driven by a :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` and the ``buildbot
sendchange`` tool run from some form of commit script.  If you write an email
parsing function, they can also all be driven by a suitable :ref:`mail-parsing
source <Mail-parsing-ChangeSources>`. Additionally, handlers for web-based
notification (i.e. from GitHub) can be used with WebStatus' change_hook module.
The interface is simple, so adding your own handlers (and sharing!) should be a
breeze.

See :bb:index:`chsrc` for a full list of change sources.

.. index:: Change Sources

.. bb:cfg:: change_source

Configuring Change Sources
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The :bb:cfg:`change_source` configuration key holds all active
change sources for the configuration.

Most configurations have a single :class:`ChangeSource`, watching only a single
tree, e.g., ::

    c['change_source'] = PBChangeSource()

For more advanced configurations, the parameter can be a list of change sources::

    source1 = ...
    source2 = ...
    c['change_source'] = [ source1, source1 ]

Repository and Project
++++++++++++++++++++++

:class:`ChangeSource`\s will, in general, automatically provide the proper :attr:`repository`
attribute for any changes they produce.  For systems which operate on URL-like
specifiers, this is a repository URL. Other :class:`ChangeSource`\s adapt the concept as
necessary.

Many :class:`ChangeSource`\s allow you to specify a project, as well.  This attribute is
useful when building from several distinct codebases in the same buildmaster:
the project string can serve to differentiate the different codebases.
:class:`Scheduler`\s can filter on project, so you can configure different builders to
run for each project.

.. _Mail-parsing-ChangeSources:

Mail-parsing ChangeSources
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Many projects publish information about changes to their source tree
by sending an email message out to a mailing list, frequently named
:samp:`{PROJECT}-commits` or :samp:`{PROJECT}-changes`. Each message usually contains a
description of the change (who made the change, which files were
affected) and sometimes a copy of the diff. Humans can subscribe to
this list to stay informed about what's happening to the source tree.

The Buildbot can also be subscribed to a `-commits` mailing list, and
can trigger builds in response to Changes that it hears about. The
buildmaster admin needs to arrange for these email messages to arrive
in a place where the buildmaster can find them, and configure the
buildmaster to parse the messages correctly. Once that is in place,
the email parser will create Change objects and deliver them to the
Schedulers (see :ref:`Schedulers`) just like any other ChangeSource.

There are two components to setting up an email-based ChangeSource.
The first is to route the email messages to the buildmaster, which is
done by dropping them into a `maildir`. The second is to actually
parse the messages, which is highly dependent upon the tool that was
used to create them. Each VC system has a collection of favorite
change-emailing tools, and each has a slightly different format, so
each has a different parsing function. There is a separate
ChangeSource variant for each parsing function.

Once you've chosen a maildir location and a parsing function, create
the change source and put it in ``change_source`` ::

    from buildbot.changes.mail import CVSMaildirSource
    c['change_source'] = CVSMaildirSource("~/maildir-buildbot",
                                            prefix="/trunk/")

.. _Subscribing-the-Buildmaster:

Subscribing the Buildmaster
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The recommended way to install the buildbot is to create a dedicated
account for the buildmaster. If you do this, the account will probably
have a distinct email address (perhaps
`buildmaster@example.org`). Then just arrange for this
account's email to be delivered to a suitable maildir (described in
the next section).

If the buildbot does not have its own account, `extension addresses`
can be used to distinguish between email intended for the buildmaster
and email intended for the rest of the account. In most modern MTAs,
the e.g. `foo@example.org` account has control over every email
address at example.org which begins with "foo", such that email
addressed to `account-foo@example.org` can be delivered to a
different destination than `account-bar@example.org`. qmail
does this by using separate :file:`.qmail` files for the two destinations
(:file:`.qmail-foo` and :file:`.qmail-bar`, with :file:`.qmail`
controlling the base address and :file:`.qmail-default` controlling all
other extensions). Other MTAs have similar mechanisms.

Thus you can assign an extension address like
`foo-buildmaster@example.org` to the buildmaster, and retain
`foo@example.org` for your own use.

.. _Using-Maildirs:

Using Maildirs
++++++++++++++

A `maildir` is a simple directory structure originally developed for
qmail that allows safe atomic update without locking. Create a base
directory with three subdirectories: :file:`new`, :file:`tmp`, and :file:`cur`.
When messages arrive, they are put into a uniquely-named file (using
pids, timestamps, and random numbers) in :file:`tmp`. When the file is
complete, it is atomically renamed into :file:`new`. Eventually the
buildmaster notices the file in :file:`new`, reads and parses the
contents, then moves it into :file:`cur`. A cronjob can be used to delete
files in :file:`cur` at leisure.

Maildirs are frequently created with the :command:`maildirmake` tool,
but a simple :command:`mkdir -p ~/MAILDIR/\{cur,new,tmp\}` is pretty much
equivalent.

Many modern MTAs can deliver directly to maildirs. The usual :file:`.forward`
or :file:`.procmailrc` syntax is to name the base directory with a trailing
slash, so something like ``~/MAILDIR/``\. qmail and postfix are
maildir-capable MTAs, and procmail is a maildir-capable MDA (Mail
Delivery Agent).

Here is an example procmail config, located in :file:`~/.procmailrc`:

.. code-block:: none

    # .procmailrc
    # routes incoming mail to appropriate mailboxes
    PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
    MAILDIR=$HOME/Mail
    LOGFILE=.procmail_log
    SHELL=/bin/sh

    :0
    *
    new

If procmail is not setup on a system wide basis, then the following one-line
:file:`.forward` file will invoke it.

.. code-block:: none

    !/usr/bin/procmail

For MTAs which cannot put files into maildirs directly, the
`safecat` tool can be executed from a :file:`.forward` file to accomplish
the same thing.

The Buildmaster uses the linux DNotify facility to receive immediate
notification when the maildir's :file:`new` directory has changed. When
this facility is not available, it polls the directory for new
messages, every 10 seconds by default.

.. _Parsing-Email-Change-Messages:

Parsing Email Change Messages
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

The second component to setting up an email-based :class:`ChangeSource` is to
parse the actual notices. This is highly dependent upon the VC system
and commit script in use.

A couple of common tools used to create these change emails, along with the
buildbot tools to parse them, are:

CVS
    Buildbot CVS MailNotifier
        :bb:chsrc:`CVSMaildirSource`

SVN
    svnmailer
        http://opensource.perlig.de/en/svnmailer/

    :file:`commit-email.pl`
        :bb:chsrc:`SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource`

Bzr
    Launchpad
        :bb:chsrc:`BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource`

Mercurial
    NotifyExtension
        http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/wiki/index.cgi/NotifyExtension

Git
    post-receive-email
        http://git.kernel.org/?p=git/git.git;a=blob;f=contrib/hooks/post-receive-email;hb=HEAD


The following sections describe the parsers available for each of
these tools.

Most of these parsers accept a ``prefix=`` argument, which is used
to limit the set of files that the buildmaster pays attention to. This
is most useful for systems like CVS and SVN which put multiple
projects in a single repository (or use repository names to indicate
branches). Each filename that appears in the email is tested against
the prefix: if the filename does not start with the prefix, the file
is ignored. If the filename *does* start with the prefix, that
prefix is stripped from the filename before any further processing is
done. Thus the prefix usually ends with a slash.

.. bb:chsrc:: CVSMaildirSource

.. _CVSMaildirSource:

CVSMaildirSource
++++++++++++++++

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.mail.CVSMaildirSource

This parser works with the :file:`buildbot_cvs_maildir.py` script in the
contrib directory.

The script sends an email containing all the files submitted in
one directory. It is invoked by using the :file:`CVSROOT/loginfo` facility.

The Buildbot's :bb:chsrc:`CVSMaildirSource` knows how to parse these messages
and turn them into Change objects. It takes the directory name of the maildir
root.  For example::

    from buildbot.changes.mail import CVSMaildirSource
    c['change_source'] = CVSMaildirSource("/home/buildbot/Mail")

Configuration of CVS and buildbot_cvs_mail.py
#############################################

CVS must be configured to invoke the buildbot_cvs_mail.py script when files
are checked in. This is done via the CVS loginfo configuration file.

To update this, first do:

.. code-block:: bash

    cvs checkout CVSROOT

cd to the CVSROOT directory and edit the file loginfo, adding a line like:

.. code-block:: none

    SomeModule /cvsroot/CVSROOT/buildbot_cvs_mail.py --cvsroot :ext:example.com:/cvsroot -e buildbot -P SomeModule %@{sVv@}

.. note:: For cvs version 1.12.x, the ``--path %p`` option is required.
   Version 1.11.x and 1.12.x report the directory path differently.

The above example you put the buildbot_cvs_mail.py script under /cvsroot/CVSROOT.
It can be anywhere. Run the script with --help to see all the options.
At the very least, the
options ``-e`` (email) and ``-P`` (project) should be specified. The line must end with ``%{sVv}``
This is expanded to the files that were modified.

Additional entries can be added to support more modules.

See :command:`buildbot_cvs_mail.py --help`` for more information on the available options.

.. bb:chsrc:: SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource

.. _SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource:

SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.mail.SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource

:bb:chsrc:`SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource` parses message sent out by the
:file:`commit-email.pl` script, which is included in the Subversion
distribution.

It does not currently handle branches: all of the Change objects that
it creates will be associated with the default (i.e. trunk) branch. ::

    from buildbot.changes.mail import SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource
    c['change_source'] = SVNCommitEmailMaildirSource("~/maildir-buildbot")

.. bb:chsrc:: BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource

.. _BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource:

BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.mail.BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource

:bb:chsrc:`BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource` parses the mails that are sent to
addresses that subscribe to branch revision notifications for a bzr branch
hosted on Launchpad.

The branch name defaults to :samp:`lp:{Launchpad path}`. For example
``lp:~maria-captains/maria/5.1``.

If only a single branch is used, the default branch name can be changed by
setting ``defaultBranch``.

For multiple branches, pass a dictionary as the value of the ``branchMap``
option to map specific repository paths to specific branch names (see example
below). The leading ``lp:`` prefix of the path is optional.

The ``prefix`` option is not supported (it is silently ignored). Use the
``branchMap`` and ``defaultBranch`` instead to assign changes to
branches (and just do not subscribe the buildbot to branches that are not of
interest).

The revision number is obtained from the email text. The bzr revision id is
not available in the mails sent by Launchpad. However, it is possible to set
the bzr `append_revisions_only` option for public shared repositories to
avoid new pushes of merges changing the meaning of old revision numbers. ::

    from buildbot.changes.mail import BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource
    bm = { 'lp:~maria-captains/maria/5.1' : '5.1', 'lp:~maria-captains/maria/6.0' : '6.0' }
    c['change_source'] = BzrLaunchpadEmailMaildirSource("~/maildir-buildbot", branchMap = bm)

.. bb:chsrc:: PBChangeSource

.. _PBChangeSource:

PBChangeSource
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.pb.PBChangeSource

:bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` actually listens on a TCP port for
clients to connect and push change notices *into* the
Buildmaster. This is used by the built-in ``buildbot sendchange``
notification tool, as well as several version-control hook
scripts. This change is also useful for
creating new kinds of change sources that work on a `push` model
instead of some kind of subscription scheme, for example a script
which is run out of an email :file:`.forward` file. This ChangeSource
always runs on the same TCP port as the slaves.  It shares the same
protocol, and in fact shares the same space of "usernames", so you
cannot configure a :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` with the same name as a slave.

If you have a publicly accessible slave port, and are using
:bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource`, *you must establish a secure username and password
for the change source*.  If your sendchange credentials are known (e.g., the
defaults), then your buildmaster is susceptible to injection of arbitrary
changes, which (depending on the build factories) could lead to arbitrary code
execution on buildslaves.

The :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` is created with the following arguments.

``port``
    which port to listen on. If ``None`` (which is the default), it
    shares the port used for buildslave connections.

``user``
    The user account that the client program must use to connect. Defaults to
    ``change``

``passwd``
    The password for the connection - defaults to ``changepw``.  Do not use
    this default on a publicly exposed port!

``prefix``
    The prefix to be found and stripped from filenames delivered over the
    connection, defaulting to ``None``. Any filenames which do not start with
    this prefix will be removed. If all the filenames in a given Change are
    removed, the that whole Change will be dropped. This string should probably
    end with a directory separator.

    This is useful for changes coming from version control systems that
    represent branches as parent directories within the repository (like SVN
    and Perforce). Use a prefix of ``trunk/`` or
    ``project/branches/foobranch/`` to only follow one branch and to get
    correct tree-relative filenames. Without a prefix, the
    :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource` will probably deliver Changes with filenames
    like :file:`trunk/foo.c` instead of just :file:`foo.c`. Of course this also
    depends upon the tool sending the Changes in (like :bb:cmdline:`buildbot
    sendchange <sendchange>`) and what filenames it is delivering: that tool
    may be filtering and stripping prefixes at the sending end.

For example::

    from buildbot.changes import pb
    c['change_source'] = pb.PBChangeSource(port=9999, user='laura', passwd='fpga')

The following hooks are useful for sending changes to a :bb:chsrc:`PBChangeSource`\:

.. _Bzr-Hook:

Bzr Hook
++++++++

Bzr is also written in Python, and the Bzr hook depends on Twisted to send the
changes.

To install, put :file:`contrib/bzr_buildbot.py` in one of your plugins
locations a bzr plugins directory (e.g.,
:file:`~/.bazaar/plugins`). Then, in one of your bazaar conf files (e.g.,
:file:`~/.bazaar/locations.conf`), set the location you want to connect with buildbot
with these keys:

  * ``buildbot_on``
    one of 'commit', 'push, or 'change'. Turns the plugin on to report changes via
    commit, changes via push, or any changes to the trunk. 'change' is
    recommended.

  * ``buildbot_server``
    (required to send to a buildbot master) the URL of the buildbot master to
    which you will connect (as of this writing, the same server and port to which
    slaves connect).

  * ``buildbot_port``
    (optional, defaults to 9989) the port of the buildbot master to which you will
    connect (as of this writing, the same server and port to which slaves connect)

  * ``buildbot_pqm``
    (optional, defaults to not pqm) Normally, the user that commits the revision
    is the user that is responsible for the change. When run in a pqm (Patch Queue
    Manager, see https://launchpad.net/pqm) environment, the user that commits is
    the Patch Queue Manager, and the user that committed the *parent* revision is
    responsible for the change. To turn on the pqm mode, set this value to any of
    (case-insensitive) "Yes", "Y", "True", or "T".

  * ``buildbot_dry_run``
    (optional, defaults to not a dry run) Normally, the post-commit hook will
    attempt to communicate with the configured buildbot server and port. If this
    parameter is included and any of (case-insensitive) "Yes", "Y", "True", or
    "T", then the hook will simply print what it would have sent, but not attempt
    to contact the buildbot master.

  * ``buildbot_send_branch_name``
    (optional, defaults to not sending the branch name) If your buildbot's bzr
    source build step uses a repourl, do *not* turn this on. If your buildbot's
    bzr build step uses a baseURL, then you may set this value to any of
    (case-insensitive) "Yes", "Y", "True", or "T" to have the buildbot master
    append the branch name to the baseURL.

.. note:: The bzr smart server (as of version 2.2.2) doesn't know how
   to resolve ``bzr://`` urls into absolute paths so any paths in
   ``locations.conf`` won't match, hence no change notifications
   will be sent to Buildbot. Setting configuration parameters globally
   or in-branch might still work. When buildbot no longer has a
   hardcoded password, it will be a configuration option here as well.

Here's a simple example that you might have in your
:file:`~/.bazaar/locations.conf`\.

.. code-block:: ini

    [chroot-*:///var/local/myrepo/mybranch]
    buildbot_on = change
    buildbot_server = localhost

.. bb:chsrc:: P4Source

.. _P4Source:

P4Source
~~~~~~~~

The :bb:chsrc:`P4Source` periodically polls a `Perforce <http://www.perforce.com/>`_
depot for changes. It accepts the following arguments:

``p4port``
    The Perforce server to connect to (as :samp:`{host}:{port}`).

``p4user``
    The Perforce user.

``p4passwd``
    The Perforce password.

``p4base``
    The base depot path to watch, without the trailing '/...'.

``p4bin``
    An optional string parameter. Specify the location of the perforce command
    line binary (p4).  You only need to do this if the perforce binary is not
    in the path of the buildbot user.  Defaults to `p4`.

``split_file``
    A function that maps a pathname, without the leading ``p4base``, to a
    (branch, filename) tuple. The default just returns ``(None, branchfile)``,
    which effectively disables branch support. You should supply a function
    which understands your repository structure.

``pollInterval``
    How often to poll, in seconds. Defaults to 600 (10 minutes).

``project``
    Set the name of the project to be used for the :bb:chsrc:`P4Source`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the ``P4Source``, and can be used in a Change Filter for triggering particular builders.

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. True = immediately on launch,
    False = wait for one pollInterval (default).

``histmax``
    The maximum number of changes to inspect at a time. If more than this
    number occur since the last poll, older changes will be silently
    ignored.

``encoding``
    The character encoding of ``p4``\'s output.  This defaults to "utf8", but
    if your commit messages are in another encoding, specify that here. For example,
    if you're using Perforce on Windows, you may need to use "cp437" as the
    encoding if "utf8" generates errors in your master log.

``server_tz``
    The timezone of the Perforce server, using the usual timezone format
    (e.g: ``Europe/Stockholm``) in case it's in a different timezone than the
    buildbot master.

``use_tickets``
    Set to ``True`` to use ticket-based authentication, instead of passwords (but
    you still need to specify ``p4passwd``).

``ticket_login_interval``
    How often to get a new ticket, in seconds, when ``use_tickets`` is enabled.
    Defaults to 86400 (24 hours).

Example
+++++++

This configuration uses the :envvar:`P4PORT`, :envvar:`P4USER`, and :envvar:`P4PASSWD`
specified in the buildmaster's environment. It watches a project in which the
branch name is simply the next path component, and the file is all path
components after. ::

    from buildbot.changes import p4poller
    s = p4poller.P4Source(p4base='//depot/project/',
                          split_file=lambda branchfile: branchfile.split('/',1),
                         )
    c['change_source'] = s

.. bb:chsrc:: BonsaiPoller

.. _BonsaiPoller:

BonsaiPoller
~~~~~~~~~~~~

The :bb:chsrc:`BonsaiPoller` periodically polls a Bonsai server. This is a
CGI script accessed through a web server that provides information
about a CVS tree, for example the Mozilla bonsai server at
http://bonsai.mozilla.org. Bonsai servers are usable by both
humans and machines. In this case, the buildbot's change source forms
a query which asks about any files in the specified branch which have
changed since the last query.


:bb:chsrc:`BonsaiPoller` accepts the following arguments:

``bonsaiURL``
    The base URL of the Bonsai server, e.g., ``http://bonsai.mozilla.org``

``module``
    The module to look for changes in. Commonly this is ``all``.

``branch``
    The branch to look for changes in.  This will appear in the
    ``branch`` field of the resulting change objects.

``tree``
    The tree to look for changes in.  Commonly this is ``all``.

``cvsroot``
    The CVS root of the repository.  Usually this is ``/cvsroot``.

``pollInterval``
    The time (in seconds) between queries for changes.

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. True = immediately on launch,
    False = wait for one pollInterval (default).

``project``
    The project name to attach to all change objects produced by this
    change source.

.. bb:chsrc:: SVNPoller

.. _SVNPoller:

SVNPoller
~~~~~~~~~

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.svnpoller.SVNPoller

The :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` is a ChangeSource which periodically polls a
`Subversion <http://subversion.tigris.org/>`_ repository for new revisions, by
running the ``svn log`` command in a subshell. It can watch a single branch or
multiple branches.

:bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` accepts the following arguments:

``svnurl``
    The base URL path to watch, like
    ``svn://svn.twistedmatrix.com/svn/Twisted/trunk``, or
    ``http://divmod.org/svn/Divmo/``, or even
    ``file:///home/svn/Repository/ProjectA/branches/1.5/``. This must
    include the access scheme, the location of the repository (both the
    hostname for remote ones, and any additional directory names necessary
    to get to the repository), and the sub-path within the repository's
    virtual filesystem for the project and branch of interest.

    The :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` will only pay attention to files inside the
    subdirectory specified by the complete svnurl.

``split_file``
    A function to convert pathnames into ``(branch, relative_pathname)``
    tuples. Use this to explain your repository's branch-naming policy to
    :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller`. This function must accept a single string (the
    pathname relative to the repository) and return a two-entry tuple.
    Directory pathnames always end with a right slash to distinguish them from
    files, like ``trunk/src/``, or ``src/``. There are a few utility functions
    in :mod:`buildbot.changes.svnpoller` that can be used as a :meth:`split_file`
    function; see below for details.

    For directories, the relative pathname returned by :meth:`split_file` should
    end with a right slash but an empty string is also accepted for the root,
    like ``("branches/1.5.x", "")`` being converted from ``"branches/1.5.x/"``.

    The default value always returns ``(None, path)``, which indicates that
    all files are on the trunk.

    Subclasses of :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` can override the :meth:`split_file`
    method instead of using the ``split_file=`` argument.

``project``
    Set the name of the project to be used for the :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller`.  This
    will then be set in any changes generated by the :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller`, and
    can be used in a :ref:`Change Filter <Change-Filters>` for triggering
    particular builders.

``svnuser``
    An optional string parameter. If set, the :option:`--user` argument will
    be added to all :command:`svn` commands. Use this if you have to
    authenticate to the svn server before you can do :command:`svn info` or
    :command:`svn log` commands.

``svnpasswd``
    Like ``svnuser``, this will cause a :option:`--password` argument to
    be passed to all :command:`svn` commands.

``pollInterval``
    How often to poll, in seconds. Defaults to 600 (checking once every 10
    minutes). Lower this if you want the buildbot to notice changes
    faster, raise it if you want to reduce the network and CPU load on
    your svn server. Please be considerate of public SVN repositories by
    using a large interval when polling them.

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. True = immediately on launch,
    False = wait for one pollInterval (default).

``histmax``
    The maximum number of changes to inspect at a time. Every ``pollInterval``
    seconds, the :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` asks for the last ``histmax`` changes and
    looks through them for any revisions it does not already know about. If
    more than ``histmax`` revisions have been committed since the last poll,
    older changes will be silently ignored. Larger values of ``histmax`` will
    cause more time and memory to be consumed on each poll attempt.
    ``histmax`` defaults to 100.

``svnbin``
    This controls the :command:`svn` executable to use. If subversion is
    installed in a weird place on your system (outside of the
    buildmaster's :envvar:`PATH`), use this to tell :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` where
    to find it. The default value of `svn` will almost always be
    sufficient.

``revlinktmpl``
    This parameter is deprecated in favour of specifying a global revlink option.
    This parameter allows a link to be provided for each revision (for example,
    to websvn or viewvc).  These links appear anywhere changes are shown, such
    as on build or change pages.  The proper form for this parameter is an URL
    with the portion that will substitute for a revision number replaced by
    ''%s''.  For example, ``'http://myserver/websvn/revision.php?rev=%s'``
    could be used to cause revision links to be created to a websvn repository
    viewer.

``cachepath``
    If specified, this is a pathname of a cache file that :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller`
    will use to store its state between restarts of the master.

``extra_args``
    If specified, the extra arguments will be added to the svn command args.

Several split file functions are available for common SVN repository layouts.
For a poller that is only monitoring trunk, the default split file function
is available explicitly as ``split_file_alwaystrunk``::

    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import SVNPoller
    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import split_file_alwaystrunk
    c['change_source'] = SVNPoller(
        svnurl="svn://svn.twistedmatrix.com/svn/Twisted/trunk",
        split_file=split_file_alwaystrunk)


For repositories with the ``/trunk`` and
``/branches/{BRANCH}`` layout, ``split_file_branches`` will do the
job::

    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import SVNPoller
    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import split_file_branches
    c['change_source'] = SVNPoller(
        svnurl="https://amanda.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/amanda/amanda",
        split_file=split_file_branches)

When using this splitter the poller will set the ``project`` attribute of any
changes to the ``project`` attribute of the poller.

For repositories with the ``{PROJECT}/trunk`` and
``{PROJECT}/branches/{BRANCH}`` layout, ``split_file_projects_branches`` will do
the job::

    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import SVNPoller
    from buildbot.changes.svnpoller import split_file_projects_branches
    c['change_source'] = SVNPoller(
        svnurl="https://amanda.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/amanda/",
        split_file=split_file_projects_branches)

When using this splitter the poller will set the ``project`` attribute of any
changes to the project determined by the splitter.

The :bb:chsrc:`SVNPoller` is highly adaptable to various Subversion layouts.
See :ref:`Customizing-SVNPoller` for details and some common scenarios.

.. bb:chsrc:: BzrPoller

.. _Bzr-Poller:

Bzr Poller
~~~~~~~~~~

If you cannot insert a Bzr hook in the server, you can use the Bzr Poller. To
use, put :file:`contrib/bzr_buildbot.py` somewhere that your buildbot
configuration can import it. Even putting it in the same directory as the :file:`master.cfg`
should work. Install the poller in the buildbot configuration as with any
other change source. Minimally, provide a URL that you want to poll (``bzr://``,
``bzr+ssh://``, or ``lp:``), making sure the buildbot user has necessary
privileges. ::

    # bzr_buildbot.py in the same directory as master.cfg
    from bzr_buildbot import BzrPoller
    c['change_source'] = BzrPoller(
        url='bzr://hostname/my_project',
        poll_interval=300)

The ``BzrPoller`` parameters are:

``url``
    The URL to poll.

``poll_interval``
    The number of seconds to wait between polls.  Defaults to 10 minutes.

``branch_name``
    Any value to be used as the branch name. Defaults to None, or specify a
    string, or specify the constants from :file:`bzr_buildbot.py`
    ``SHORT`` or ``FULL`` to
    get the short branch name or full branch address.

``blame_merge_author``
    normally, the user that commits the revision is the user that is responsible
    for the change. When run in a pqm (Patch Queue Manager, see
    https://launchpad.net/pqm) environment, the user that commits is the Patch
    Queue Manager, and the user that committed the merged, *parent* revision is
    responsible for the change. set this value to ``True`` if this is pointed against
    a PQM-managed branch.

.. bb:chsrc:: GitPoller

.. _GitPoller:

GitPoller
~~~~~~~~~

If you cannot take advantage of post-receive hooks as provided by
:file:`contrib/git_buildbot.py` for example, then you can use the :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller`.

The :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller` periodically fetches from a remote Git repository and processes any changes.
It requires its own working directory for operation.
The default should be adequate, but it can be overridden via the ``workdir`` property.

.. note:: There can only be a single `GitPoller` pointed at any given repository.

The :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller` requires Git-1.7 and later.  It accepts the following
arguments:

``repourl``
    the git-url that describes the remote repository, e.g.
    ``git@example.com:foobaz/myrepo.git``
    (see the :command:`git fetch` help for more info on git-url formats)

``branches``
    One of the following:

    * a list of the branches to fetch.
    * ``True`` indicating that all branches should be fetched
    * a callable which takes a single argument.
      It should take a remote refspec (such as ``'refs/heads/master'``, and
      return a boolean indicating whether that branch should be fetched.

``branch``
    accepts a single branch name to fetch.
    Exists for backwards compatibility with old configurations.

``pollInterval``
    interval in seconds between polls, default is 10 minutes

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. True = immediately on launch,
    False = wait for one pollInterval (default).

``gitbin``
    path to the Git binary, defaults to just ``'git'``

``category``
    Set the category to be used for the changes produced by the
    :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller`, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``project``
    Set the name of the project to be used for the
    :bb:chsrc:`GitPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the ``GitPoller``, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``usetimestamps``
    parse each revision's commit timestamp (default is ``True``),
    or ignore it in favor of the current time (so recently processed
    commits appear together in the waterfall page)

``encoding``
    Set encoding will be used to parse author's name and commit
    message. Default encoding is ``'utf-8'``. This will not be
    applied to file names since Git will translate non-ascii file
    names to unreadable escape sequences.

``workdir``
    the directory where the poller should keep its local repository.
    The default is :samp:`gitpoller_work`.
    If this is a relative path, it will be interpreted relative to the master's basedir.
    Multiple Git pollers can share the same directory.

A configuration for the Git poller might look like this::

    from buildbot.changes.gitpoller import GitPoller
    c['change_source'] = GitPoller(repourl='git@example.com:foobaz/myrepo.git',
                                   branches=['master', 'great_new_feature'])

.. bb:chsrc:: HgPoller

.. _HgPoller:

HgPoller
~~~~~~~~

The :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` periodically pulls a named branch from a remote
Mercurial repository and processes any changes. It requires its own working
directory for operation, which must be specified via the ``workdir`` property.

The :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` requires a working ``hg`` executable, and at least a
read-only access to the repository it polls (possibly through ssh keys or by
tweaking the ``hgrc`` of the system user buildbot runs as).

The :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` will not transmit any change if there are several heads
on the watched named branch. This is similar (although not identical) to the
Mercurial executable behaviour. This exceptional condition is usually the result
of a developer mistake, and usually does not last for long. It is reported in
logs. If fixed by a later merge, the buildmaster administrator does not have
anything to do: that merge will be transmitted, together with the intermediate
ones.

The :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` accepts the following arguments:

``repourl``
    the url that describes the remote repository, e.g.
    ``http://hg.example.com/projects/myrepo``.
    Any url suitable for ``hg pull`` can be specified.

``branch``
    the desired branch to pull, will default to ``'default'``

``workdir``
    the directory where the poller should keep its local repository. It
    is mandatory for now, although later releases may provide a meaningful
    default.

    It also serves to identify the poller in the buildmaster internal
    database. Changing it may result in re-processing all changes so far.

    Several :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller` instances may share the same ``workdir`` for
    mutualisation of the common history between two different branches, thus
    easing on local and remote system resources and bandwidth.

    If relative, the ``workdir`` will be interpreted from the master directory.

``pollInterval``
    interval in seconds between polls, default is 10 minutes

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. True = immediately on launch,
    False = wait for one pollInterval (default).

``hgbin``
    path to the Mercurial binary, defaults to just ``'hg'``

``category``
    Set the category to be used for the changes produced by the
    :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller`, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``project``
    Set the name of the project to be used for the
    :bb:chsrc:`HgPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the ``HgPoller``, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``usetimestamps``
    parse each revision's commit timestamp (default is ``True``),
    or ignore it in favor of the current time (so recently processed
    commits appear together in the waterfall page)

``encoding``
    Set encoding will be used to parse author's name and commit
    message. Default encoding is ``'utf-8'``.

A configuration for the Mercurial poller might look like this::

    from buildbot.changes.hgpoller import HgPoller
    c['change_source'] = HgPoller(repourl='http://hg.example.org/projects/myrepo',
                                   branch='great_new_feature',
                                   workdir='hg-myrepo')

.. bb:chsrc:: BitbucketPullrequestPoller

.. _BitbucketPullrequestPoller:

BitbucketPullrequestPoller
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.bitbucket.BitbucketPullrequestPoller

This :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller` periodically polls Bitbucket for new or updated pull requests.
It uses Bitbuckets powerful `Pull Request REST API`_ to gather the information needed.

The :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller` accepts the following arguments:

``owner``
    The owner of the Bitbucket repository. All Bitbucket Urls are of the form https://bitbucket.org/owner/slug/.

``slug``
    The name of the Bitbucket repository.

``branch``
    A single branch or a list of branches which should be processed.
    If it is ``None`` (the default) all pull requests are used.

``pollInterval``
    Interval in seconds between polls, default is 10 minutes.

``pollAtLaunch``
    Determines when the first poll occurs. ``True`` = immediately on launch,
    ``False`` = wait for one ``pollInterval`` (default).

``category``
    Set the category to be used for the changes produced by the
    :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller`, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``project``
    Set the name of the project to be used for the
    :bb:chsrc:`BitbucketPullrequestPoller`. This will then be set in any changes generated
    by the ``BitbucketPullrequestPoller``, and can be used in a Change Filter for
    triggering particular builders.

``pullrequest_filter``
    A callable which takes one parameter, the decoded Python object of the pull request JSON.
    If the it returns ``False`` the pull request is ignored.
    It can be used to define custom filters based on the content of the pull request.
    See the Bitbucket documentation for more information about the format of the response.
    By default the filter always returns ``True``.

``usetimestamps``
    parse each revision's commit timestamp (default is ``True``),
    or ignore it in favor of the current time (so recently processed
    commits appear together in the waterfall page)

``encoding``
    Set encoding will be used to parse author's name and commit
    message. Default encoding is ``'utf-8'``.

A minimal configuration for the Bitbucket pull request poller might look like this::

    from buildbot.changes.bitbucket import BitbucketPullrequestPoller
    c['change_source'] = BitbucketPullrequestPoller(
        owner='myname',
        slug='myrepo',
      )

Here is a more complex configuration using a ``pullrequest_filter``.
The pull request is only processed if at least 3 people have already approved it::

    def approve_filter(pr, threshold):
        approves = 0
        for participant in pr['participants']:
            if participant['approved']:
                approves = approves + 1

        if approves < threshold:
            return False
        return True

    from buildbot.changes.bitbucket import BitbucketPullrequestPoller
    c['change_source'] = BitbucketPullrequestPoller(
        owner='myname',
        slug='myrepo',
        branch='mybranch',
        project='myproject',
        pullrequest_filter=lambda pr : approve_filter(pr,3),
        pollInterval=600,
      )

.. warning::

    Anyone who can create pull requests for the Bitbucket repository can initiate a change,
    potentially causing the buildmaster to run arbitrary code.

.. _Pull Request REST API: https://confluence.atlassian.com/display/BITBUCKET/pullrequests+Resource

.. bb:chsrc:: GerritChangeSource

.. _GerritChangeSource:

GerritChangeSource
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.gerritchangesource.GerritChangeSource

The :bb:chsrc:`GerritChangeSource` class connects to a Gerrit server by its SSH
interface and uses its event source mechanism,
`gerrit stream-events <http://gerrit.googlecode.com/svn/documentation/2.2.1/cmd-stream-events.html>`_.

The :bb:chsrc:`GerritChangeSource` accepts the following arguments:

``gerritserver``
   the dns or ip that host the gerrit ssh server

``gerritport``
   the port of the gerrit ssh server

``username``
   the username to use to connect to gerrit

``identity_file``
   ssh identity file to for authentication (optional)
   pay attention to the `ssh passphrase`

``handled_events``
   event to be handled (optional)
   by default processes `patchset-created` and `ref-updated`

By default this class adds a change to the buildbot system for each of the following events:

``patchset-created``
    A change is proposed for review. Automatic checks like
    :file:`checkpatch.pl` can be automatically triggered. Beware of
    what kind of automatic task you trigger. At this point, no trusted
    human has reviewed the code, and a patch could be specially
    crafted by an attacker to compromise your buildslaves.

``ref-updated``
    A change has been merged into the repository. Typically, this kind
    of event can lead to a complete rebuild of the project, and upload
    binaries to an incremental build results server.

But you can specify how to handle Events:

* Any event with change and patchSet will
  be processed by universal collector by default.

* In case you've specified processing function for the given kind of events,
  all events of this kind will be processed only by this function, bypassing universal collector.

An example::

    from buildbot.changes.gerritchangesource import GerritChangeSource
    class MyGerritChangeSource(GerritChangeSource):
        """Custom GerritChangeSource
        """
        def eventReceived_patchset_created(self, properties, event):
            """Handler events without properties
            """
            properties = {}
            self.addChangeFromEvent(properties, event)

This class will populate the property list of the triggered build with the info
received from Gerrit server in JSON format.

.. index:: Properties; from GerritChangeSource

In case of ``patchset-created`` event, these properties will be:

``event.change.branch``
    Branch of the Change
``event.change.id``
    Change's ID in the Gerrit system (the ChangeId: in commit comments)
``event.change.number``
    Change's number in Gerrit system
``event.change.owner.email``
    Change's owner email (owner is first uploader)
``event.change.owner.name``
    Change's owner name
``event.change.project``
    Project of the Change
``event.change.subject``
    Change's subject
``event.change.url``
    URL of the Change in the Gerrit's web interface
``event.patchSet.number``
    Patchset's version number
``event.patchSet.ref``
    Patchset's Gerrit "virtual branch"
``event.patchSet.revision``
    Patchset's Git commit ID
``event.patchSet.uploader.email``
    Patchset uploader's email (owner is first uploader)
``event.patchSet.uploader.name``
    Patchset uploader's name (owner is first uploader)
``event.type``
    Event type (``patchset-created``)
``event.uploader.email``
    Patchset uploader's email
``event.uploader.name``
    Patchset uploader's name

In case of ``ref-updated`` event, these properties will be:

``event.refUpdate.newRev``
    New Git commit ID (after merger)
``event.refUpdate.oldRev``
    Previous Git commit ID (before merger)
``event.refUpdate.project``
    Project that was updated
``event.refUpdate.refName``
    Branch that was updated
``event.submitter.email``
    Submitter's email (merger responsible)
``event.submitter.name``
    Submitter's name (merger responsible)
``event.type``
    Event type (``ref-updated``)
``event.submitter.email``
    Submitter's email (merger responsible)
``event.submitter.name``
    Submitter's name (merger responsible)

A configuration for this source might look like::

    from buildbot.changes.gerritchangesource import GerritChangeSource
    c['change_source'] = GerritChangeSource(
        "gerrit.example.com",
        "gerrit_user",
        handled_events=["patchset-created", "change-merged"])

see :file:`master/docs/examples/git_gerrit.cfg` or :file:`master/docs/examples/repo_gerrit.cfg` in the Buildbot distribution
for a full example setup of Git+Gerrit or Repo+Gerrit of :bb:chsrc:`GerritChangeSource`.

GerritChangeFilter
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. py:class:: buildbot.changes.gerritchangesource.GerritChangeFilter

GerritChangeFilter is a ready to use ChangeFilter you can pass to AnyBranchScheduler
in order to filter changes, to create pre-commit builders or post-commit schedulers.
It has the same api as :ref:`Change Filter <Change-Filters>`, except it has additionnal `eventtype`
set of filter (can as well be specified as value, list, regular expression or callable)

An example is following::

      # this scheduler will create builds when a patch is uploaded to gerrit
      # but only if it is uploaded to the "main" branch
      AnyBranchScheduler(name="main-precommit",
                         change_filter=GerritChangeFilter(branch="main",
                                                          eventtype="patchset-created"),
                         treeStableTimer=15*60,
                         builderNames=["main-precommit"])

      # this scheduler will create builds when a patch is merged in the "main" branch
      # for post-commit tests
      AnyBranchScheduler(name="main-postcommit",
                         change_filter=GerritChangeFilter("main",
                                                          "ref-updated"),
                         treeStableTimer=15*60,
                         builderNames=["main-postcommit"])

.. bb:chsrc:: Change Hooks

.. _Change-Hooks-HTTP-Notifications:

Change Hooks (HTTP Notifications)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Buildbot already provides a web frontend, and that frontend can easily be used
to receive HTTP push notifications of commits from services like GitHub or
GoogleCode. See :ref:`Change-Hooks` for more information.

.. bb:chsrc:: GoogleCodeAtomPoller

.. _GoogleCodeAtomPoller:

GoogleCodeAtomPoller
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The :bb:chsrc:`GoogleCodeAtomPoller` periodically polls a Google Code Project's
commit feed for changes. Works on SVN, Git, and Mercurial repositories. Branches
are not understood (yet). It accepts the following arguments:

``feedurl``
    The commit Atom feed URL of the GoogleCode repository (MANDATORY)

``pollinterval``
    Polling frequency for the feed (in seconds). Default is 1 hour (OPTIONAL)

As an example, to poll the Ostinato project's commit feed every 3 hours, the
configuration would look like this::

    from googlecode_atom import GoogleCodeAtomPoller
    c['change_source'] = GoogleCodeAtomPoller(
        feedurl="http://code.google.com/feeds/p/ostinato/hgchanges/basic",
        pollinterval=10800)

(note that you will need to download ``googlecode_atom.py`` from the Buildbot
source and install it somewhere on your PYTHONPATH first)
