#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# Copyright (c) 2014-2020 Matthew Brennan Jones <matthew.brennan.jones@gmail.com>
# Py-cpuinfo gets CPU info with pure Python 2 & 3
# It uses the MIT License
# It is hosted at: https://github.com/workhorsy/py-cpuinfo
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
# the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

CPUINFO_VERSION = (7, 0, 0)
CPUINFO_VERSION_STRING = '.'.join([str(n) for n in CPUINFO_VERSION])

import os, sys
import platform
import multiprocessing
import ctypes


IS_PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
CAN_CALL_CPUID_IN_SUBPROCESS = True

g_trace = None


class Trace(object):
    def __init__(self, is_active, is_stored_in_string):
        self._is_active = is_active
        if not self._is_active:
            return

        from datetime import datetime

        if IS_PY2:
            from cStringIO import StringIO
        else:
            from io import StringIO

        if is_stored_in_string:
            self._output = StringIO()
        else:
            date = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S-%f")
            self._output = open('cpuinfo_trace_{0}.trace'.format(date), 'w')

        self._stdout = StringIO()
        self._stderr = StringIO()
        self._err = None

    def header(self, msg):
        if not self._is_active: return

        from inspect import stack
        frame = stack()[1]
        file = frame[1]
        line = frame[2]
        self._output.write("{0} ({1} {2})\n".format(msg, file, line))
        self._output.flush()

    def success(self):
        if not self._is_active: return

        from inspect import stack
        frame = stack()[1]
        file = frame[1]
        line = frame[2]

        self._output.write("Success ... ({0} {1})\n\n".format(file, line))
        self._output.flush()

    def fail(self, msg):
        if not self._is_active: return

        from inspect import stack
        frame = stack()[1]
        file = frame[1]
        line = frame[2]

        if isinstance(msg, str):
            msg = ''.join(['\t' + line for line in msg.split('\n')]) + '\n'

            self._output.write(msg)
            self._output.write("Failed ... ({0} {1})\n\n".format(file, line))
            self._output.flush()
        elif isinstance(msg, Exception):
            from traceback import format_exc
            err_string = format_exc()
            self._output.write("\tFailed ... ({0} {1})\n".format(file, line))
            self._output.write(''.join(['\t\t{0}\n'.format(n) for n in err_string.split('\n')]) + '\n')
            self._output.flush()

    def command_header(self, msg):
        if not self._is_active: return

        from inspect import stack
        frame = stack()[3]
        file = frame[1]
        line = frame[2]
        self._output.write("\t{0} ({1} {2})\n".format(msg, file, line))
        self._output.flush()

    def command_output(self, msg, output):
        if not self._is_active: return

        self._output.write("\t\t{0}\n".format(msg))
        self._output.write(''.join(['\t\t\t{0}\n'.format(n) for n in output.split('\n')]) + '\n')
        self._output.flush()

    def keys(self, keys, info, new_info):
        if not self._is_active: return

        from inspect import stack
        frame = stack()[2]
        file = frame[1]
        line = frame[2]

        # List updated keys
        self._output.write("\tChanged keys ({0} {1})\n".format(file, line))
        changed_keys = [key for key in keys if key in info and key in new_info and info[key] != new_info[key]]
        if changed_keys:
            for key in changed_keys:
                self._output.write('\t\t{0}: {1} to {2}\n'.format(key, info[key], new_info[key]))
        else:
            self._output.write('\t\tNone\n')

        # List new keys
        self._output.write("\tNew keys ({0} {1})\n".format(file, line))
        new_keys = [key for key in keys if key in new_info and key not in info]
        if new_keys:
            for key in new_keys:
                self._output.write('\t\t{0}: {1}\n'.format(key, new_info[key]))
        else:
            self._output.write('\t\tNone\n')

        self._output.write('\n')
        self._output.flush()

    def write(self, msg):
        if not self._is_active: return

        self._output.write(msg + '\n')
        self._output.flush()

    def to_dict(self, info, is_fail):
        return {
        'output' : self._output.getvalue(),
        'stdout' : self._stdout.getvalue(),
        'stderr' : self._stderr.getvalue(),
        'info' : info,
        'err' : self._err,
        'is_fail' : is_fail
        }

class DataSource(object):
    bits = platform.architecture()[0]
    cpu_count = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
    is_windows = platform.system().lower() == 'windows'
    arch_string_raw = platform.machine()
    uname_string_raw = platform.uname()[5]
    can_cpuid = True

    @staticmethod
    def has_proc_cpuinfo():
        return os.path.exists('/proc/cpuinfo')

    @staticmethod
    def has_dmesg():
        return len(_program_paths('dmesg')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_var_run_dmesg_boot():
        uname = platform.system().strip().strip('"').strip("'").strip().lower()
        return 'linux' in uname and os.path.exists('/var/run/dmesg.boot')

    @staticmethod
    def has_cpufreq_info():
        return len(_program_paths('cpufreq-info')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_sestatus():
        return len(_program_paths('sestatus')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_sysctl():
        return len(_program_paths('sysctl')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_isainfo():
        return len(_program_paths('isainfo')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_kstat():
        return len(_program_paths('kstat')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_sysinfo():
        uname = platform.system().strip().strip('"').strip("'").strip().lower()
        is_beos = 'beos' in uname or 'haiku' in uname
        return is_beos and len(_program_paths('sysinfo')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_lscpu():
        return len(_program_paths('lscpu')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_ibm_pa_features():
        return len(_program_paths('lsprop')) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def has_wmic():
        returncode, output = _run_and_get_stdout(['wmic', 'os', 'get', 'Version'])
        return returncode == 0 and len(output) > 0

    @staticmethod
    def cat_proc_cpuinfo():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['cat', '/proc/cpuinfo'])

    @staticmethod
    def cpufreq_info():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['cpufreq-info'])

    @staticmethod
    def sestatus_b():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['sestatus', '-b'])

    @staticmethod
    def dmesg_a():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['dmesg', '-a'])

    @staticmethod
    def cat_var_run_dmesg_boot():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['cat', '/var/run/dmesg.boot'])

    @staticmethod
    def sysctl_machdep_cpu_hw_cpufrequency():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['sysctl', 'machdep.cpu', 'hw.cpufrequency'])

    @staticmethod
    def isainfo_vb():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['isainfo', '-vb'])

    @staticmethod
    def kstat_m_cpu_info():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['kstat', '-m', 'cpu_info'])

    @staticmethod
    def sysinfo_cpu():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['sysinfo', '-cpu'])

    @staticmethod
    def lscpu():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['lscpu'])

    @staticmethod
    def ibm_pa_features():
        import glob

        ibm_features = glob.glob('/proc/device-tree/cpus/*/ibm,pa-features')
        if ibm_features:
            return _run_and_get_stdout(['lsprop', ibm_features[0]])

    @staticmethod
    def wmic_cpu():
        return _run_and_get_stdout(['wmic', 'cpu', 'get', 'Name,CurrentClockSpeed,L2CacheSize,L3CacheSize,Description,Caption,Manufacturer', '/format:list'])

    @staticmethod
    def winreg_processor_brand():
        processor_brand = _read_windows_registry_key(r"Hardware\Description\System\CentralProcessor\0", "ProcessorNameString")
        return processor_brand.strip()

    @staticmethod
    def winreg_vendor_id_raw():
        vendor_id_raw = _read_windows_registry_key(r"Hardware\Description\System\CentralProcessor\0", "VendorIdentifier")
        return vendor_id_raw

    @staticmethod
    def winreg_arch_string_raw():
        arch_string_raw = _read_windows_registry_key(r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment", "PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE")
        return arch_string_raw

    @staticmethod
    def winreg_hz_actual():
        hz_actual = _read_windows_registry_key(r"Hardware\Description\System\CentralProcessor\0", "~Mhz")
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)
        return hz_actual

    @staticmethod
    def winreg_feature_bits():
        feature_bits = _read_windows_registry_key(r"Hardware\Description\System\CentralProcessor\0", "FeatureSet")
        return feature_bits


def _program_paths(program_name):
    paths = []
    exts = filter(None, os.environ.get('PATHEXT', '').split(os.pathsep))
    path = os.environ['PATH']
    for p in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep):
        p = os.path.join(p, program_name)
        if os.access(p, os.X_OK):
            paths.append(p)
        for e in exts:
            pext = p + e
            if os.access(pext, os.X_OK):
                paths.append(pext)
    return paths

def _run_and_get_stdout(command, pipe_command=None):
    from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

    p1, p2, stdout_output, stderr_output = None, None, None, None

    g_trace.command_header('Running command "' + ' '.join(command) + '" ...')

    # Run the command normally
    if not pipe_command:
        p1 = Popen(command, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, stdin=PIPE)
    # Run the command and pipe it into another command
    else:
        p2 = Popen(command, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, stdin=PIPE)
        p1 = Popen(pipe_command, stdin=p2.stdout, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
        p2.stdout.close()

    # Get the stdout and stderr
    stdout_output, stderr_output = p1.communicate()
    if not IS_PY2:
        stdout_output = stdout_output.decode(encoding='UTF-8')
        stderr_output = stderr_output.decode(encoding='UTF-8')

    # Send the result to the logger
    g_trace.command_output('return code:', str(p1.returncode))
    g_trace.command_output('stdout:', stdout_output)

    # Return the return code and stdout
    return p1.returncode, stdout_output

def _read_windows_registry_key(key_name, field_name):
    g_trace.command_header('Reading Registry key "{0}" field "{1}" ...'.format(key_name, field_name))

    try:
        import _winreg as winreg
    except ImportError as err:
        try:
            import winreg
        except ImportError as err:
            pass

    key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, key_name)
    value = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, field_name)[0]
    winreg.CloseKey(key)
    g_trace.command_output('value:', str(value))
    return value

# Make sure we are running on a supported system
def _check_arch():
    arch, bits = _parse_arch(DataSource.arch_string_raw)
    if not arch in ['X86_32', 'X86_64', 'ARM_7', 'ARM_8', 'PPC_64', 'S390X']:
        raise Exception("py-cpuinfo currently only works on X86 and some ARM/PPC/S390X CPUs.")

def _obj_to_b64(thing):
    import pickle
    import base64

    a = thing
    b = pickle.dumps(a)
    c = base64.b64encode(b)
    d = c.decode('utf8')
    return d

def _b64_to_obj(thing):
    import pickle
    import base64

    try:
        a = base64.b64decode(thing)
        b = pickle.loads(a)
        return b
    except:
        return {}

def _utf_to_str(input):
    if IS_PY2 and isinstance(input, unicode):
        return input.encode('utf-8')
    elif isinstance(input, list):
        return [_utf_to_str(element) for element in input]
    elif isinstance(input, dict):
        return {_utf_to_str(key): _utf_to_str(value)
            for key, value in input.items()}
    else:
        return input

def _copy_new_fields(info, new_info):
    keys = [
        'vendor_id_raw', 'hardware_raw', 'brand_raw', 'hz_advertised_friendly', 'hz_actual_friendly',
        'hz_advertised', 'hz_actual', 'arch', 'bits', 'count',
        'arch_string_raw', 'uname_string_raw',
        'l2_cache_size', 'l2_cache_line_size', 'l2_cache_associativity',
        'stepping', 'model', 'family',
        'processor_type', 'flags',
        'l3_cache_size', 'l1_data_cache_size', 'l1_instruction_cache_size'
    ]

    g_trace.keys(keys, info, new_info)

    # Update the keys with new values
    for key in keys:
        if new_info.get(key, None) and not info.get(key, None):
            info[key] = new_info[key]
        elif key == 'flags' and new_info.get('flags'):
            for f in new_info['flags']:
                if f not in info['flags']: info['flags'].append(f)
            info['flags'].sort()

def _get_field_actual(cant_be_number, raw_string, field_names):
    for line in raw_string.splitlines():
        for field_name in field_names:
            field_name = field_name.lower()
            if ':' in line:
                left, right = line.split(':', 1)
                left = left.strip().lower()
                right = right.strip()
                if left == field_name and len(right) > 0:
                    if cant_be_number:
                        if not right.isdigit():
                            return right
                    else:
                        return right

    return None

def _get_field(cant_be_number, raw_string, convert_to, default_value, *field_names):
    retval = _get_field_actual(cant_be_number, raw_string, field_names)

    # Convert the return value
    if retval and convert_to:
        try:
            retval = convert_to(retval)
        except:
            retval = default_value

    # Return the default if there is no return value
    if retval is None:
        retval = default_value

    return retval

def _to_decimal_string(ticks):
    try:
        # Convert to string
        ticks = '{0}'.format(ticks)

        # Strip off non numbers and decimal places
        ticks = "".join(n for n in ticks if n.isdigit() or n=='.').strip()
        if ticks == '':
            ticks = '0'

        # Add decimal if missing
        if '.' not in ticks:
            ticks = '{0}.0'.format(ticks)

        # Remove trailing zeros
        ticks = ticks.rstrip('0')

        # Add one trailing zero for empty right side
        if ticks.endswith('.'):
            ticks = '{0}0'.format(ticks)

        # Make sure the number can be converted to a float
        ticks = float(ticks)
        ticks = '{0}'.format(ticks)
        return ticks
    except:
        return '0.0'

def _hz_short_to_full(ticks, scale):
    try:
        # Make sure the number can be converted to a float
        ticks = float(ticks)
        ticks = '{0}'.format(ticks)

        # Scale the numbers
        hz = ticks.lstrip('0')
        old_index = hz.index('.')
        hz = hz.replace('.', '')
        hz = hz.ljust(scale + old_index+1, '0')
        new_index = old_index + scale
        hz = '{0}.{1}'.format(hz[:new_index], hz[new_index:])
        left, right = hz.split('.')
        left, right = int(left), int(right)
        return (left, right)
    except:
        return (0, 0)

def _hz_friendly_to_full(hz_string):
    try:
        hz_string = hz_string.strip().lower()
        hz, scale = (None, None)

        if hz_string.endswith('ghz'):
            scale = 9
        elif hz_string.endswith('mhz'):
            scale = 6
        elif hz_string.endswith('hz'):
            scale = 0

        hz = "".join(n for n in hz_string if n.isdigit() or n=='.').strip()
        if not '.' in hz:
            hz += '.0'

        hz, scale = _hz_short_to_full(hz, scale)

        return (hz, scale)
    except:
        return (0, 0)

def _hz_short_to_friendly(ticks, scale):
    try:
        # Get the raw Hz as a string
        left, right = _hz_short_to_full(ticks, scale)
        result = '{0}.{1}'.format(left, right)

        # Get the location of the dot, and remove said dot
        dot_index = result.index('.')
        result = result.replace('.', '')

        # Get the Hz symbol and scale
        symbol = "Hz"
        scale = 0
        if dot_index > 9:
            symbol = "GHz"
            scale = 9
        elif dot_index > 6:
            symbol = "MHz"
            scale = 6
        elif dot_index > 3:
            symbol = "KHz"
            scale = 3

        # Get the Hz with the dot at the new scaled point
        result = '{0}.{1}'.format(result[:-scale-1], result[-scale-1:])

        # Format the ticks to have 4 numbers after the decimal
        # and remove any superfluous zeroes.
        result = '{0:.4f} {1}'.format(float(result), symbol)
        result = result.rstrip('0')
        return result
    except:
        return '0.0000 Hz'

def _to_friendly_bytes(input):
    import re

    if not input:
        return input
    input = "{0}".format(input)

    formats = {
        r"^[0-9]+B$" : 'B',
        r"^[0-9]+K$" : 'KB',
        r"^[0-9]+M$" : 'MB',
        r"^[0-9]+G$" : 'GB'
    }

    for pattern, friendly_size in formats.items():
        if re.match(pattern, input):
            return "{0} {1}".format(input[ : -1].strip(), friendly_size)

    return input

def _friendly_bytes_to_int(friendly_bytes):
    input = friendly_bytes.lower()

    formats = {
        'gb' : 1024 * 1024 * 1024,
        'mb' : 1024 * 1024,
        'kb' : 1024,

        'g' : 1024 * 1024 * 1024,
        'm' : 1024 * 1024,
        'k' : 1024,
        'b' : 1,
    }

    try:
        for pattern, multiplier in formats.items():
            if input.endswith(pattern):
                return int(input.split(pattern)[0].strip()) * multiplier

    except Exception as err:
        pass

    return friendly_bytes

def _parse_cpu_brand_string(cpu_string):
    # Just return 0 if the processor brand does not have the Hz
    if not 'hz' in cpu_string.lower():
        return ('0.0', 0)

    hz = cpu_string.lower()
    scale = 0

    if hz.endswith('mhz'):
        scale = 6
    elif hz.endswith('ghz'):
        scale = 9
    if '@' in hz:
        hz = hz.split('@')[1]
    else:
        hz = hz.rsplit(None, 1)[1]

    hz = hz.rstrip('mhz').rstrip('ghz').strip()
    hz = _to_decimal_string(hz)

    return (hz, scale)

def _parse_cpu_brand_string_dx(cpu_string):
    import re

    # Find all the strings inside brackets ()
    starts = [m.start() for m in re.finditer(r"\(", cpu_string)]
    ends = [m.start() for m in re.finditer(r"\)", cpu_string)]
    insides = {k: v for k, v in zip(starts, ends)}
    insides = [cpu_string[start+1 : end] for start, end in insides.items()]

    # Find all the fields
    vendor_id, stepping, model, family = (None, None, None, None)
    for inside in insides:
        for pair in inside.split(','):
            pair = [n.strip() for n in pair.split(':')]
            if len(pair) > 1:
                name, value = pair[0], pair[1]
                if name == 'origin':
                    vendor_id = value.strip('"')
                elif name == 'stepping':
                    stepping = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)
                elif name == 'model':
                    model = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)
                elif name in ['fam', 'family']:
                    family = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)

    # Find the Processor Brand
    # Strip off extra strings in brackets at end
    brand = cpu_string.strip()
    is_working = True
    while is_working:
        is_working = False
        for inside in insides:
            full = "({0})".format(inside)
            if brand.endswith(full):
                brand = brand[ :-len(full)].strip()
                is_working = True

    # Find the Hz in the brand string
    hz_brand, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(brand)

    # Find Hz inside brackets () after the brand string
    if hz_brand == '0.0':
        for inside in insides:
            hz = inside
            for entry in ['GHz', 'MHz', 'Hz']:
                if entry in hz:
                    hz = "CPU @ " + hz[ : hz.find(entry) + len(entry)]
                    hz_brand, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(hz)
                    break

    return (hz_brand, scale, brand, vendor_id, stepping, model, family)

def _parse_dmesg_output(output):
    try:
        # Get all the dmesg lines that might contain a CPU string
        lines = output.split(' CPU0:')[1:] + \
                output.split(' CPU1:')[1:] + \
                output.split(' CPU:')[1:] + \
                output.split('\nCPU0:')[1:] + \
                output.split('\nCPU1:')[1:] + \
                output.split('\nCPU:')[1:]
        lines = [l.split('\n')[0].strip() for l in lines]

        # Convert the lines to CPU strings
        cpu_strings = [_parse_cpu_brand_string_dx(l) for l in lines]

        # Find the CPU string that has the most fields
        best_string = None
        highest_count = 0
        for cpu_string in cpu_strings:
            count = sum([n is not None for n in cpu_string])
            if count > highest_count:
                highest_count = count
                best_string = cpu_string

        # If no CPU string was found, return {}
        if not best_string:
            return {}

        hz_actual, scale, processor_brand, vendor_id, stepping, model, family = best_string

        # Origin
        if '  Origin=' in output:
            fields = output[output.find('  Origin=') : ].split('\n')[0]
            fields = fields.strip().split()
            fields = [n.strip().split('=') for n in fields]
            fields = [{n[0].strip().lower() : n[1].strip()} for n in fields]

            for field in fields:
                name = list(field.keys())[0]
                value = list(field.values())[0]

                if name == 'origin':
                    vendor_id = value.strip('"')
                elif name == 'stepping':
                    stepping = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)
                elif name == 'model':
                    model = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)
                elif name in ['fam', 'family']:
                    family = int(value.lstrip('0x'), 16)

        # Features
        flag_lines = []
        for category in ['  Features=', '  Features2=', '  AMD Features=', '  AMD Features2=']:
            if category in output:
                flag_lines.append(output.split(category)[1].split('\n')[0])

        flags = []
        for line in flag_lines:
            line = line.split('<')[1].split('>')[0].lower()
            for flag in line.split(','):
                flags.append(flag)
        flags.sort()

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)

        # If advertised hz not found, use the actual hz
        if hz_advertised == '0.0':
            scale = 6
            hz_advertised = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        'flags' : flags
        }

        if hz_advertised and hz_advertised != '0.0':
            info['hz_advertised_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale)
            info['hz_actual_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, scale)

        if hz_advertised and hz_advertised != '0.0':
            info['hz_advertised'] = _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale)
            info['hz_actual'] = _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, scale)

        return {k: v for k, v in info.items() if v}
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise
        pass

    return {}

def _parse_arch(arch_string_raw):
    import re

    arch, bits = None, None
    arch_string_raw = arch_string_raw.lower()

    # X86
    if re.match(r'^i\d86$|^x86$|^x86_32$|^i86pc$|^ia32$|^ia-32$|^bepc$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'X86_32'
        bits = 32
    elif re.match(r'^x64$|^x86_64$|^x86_64t$|^i686-64$|^amd64$|^ia64$|^ia-64$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'X86_64'
        bits = 64
    # ARM
    elif re.match(r'^armv8-a|aarch64$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'ARM_8'
        bits = 64
    elif re.match(r'^armv7$|^armv7[a-z]$|^armv7-[a-z]$|^armv6[a-z]$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'ARM_7'
        bits = 32
    elif re.match(r'^armv8$|^armv8[a-z]$|^armv8-[a-z]$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'ARM_8'
        bits = 32
    # PPC
    elif re.match(r'^ppc32$|^prep$|^pmac$|^powermac$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'PPC_32'
        bits = 32
    elif re.match(r'^powerpc$|^ppc64$|^ppc64le$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'PPC_64'
        bits = 64
    # SPARC
    elif re.match(r'^sparc32$|^sparc$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'SPARC_32'
        bits = 32
    elif re.match(r'^sparc64$|^sun4u$|^sun4v$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'SPARC_64'
        bits = 64
    # S390X
    elif re.match(r'^s390x$', arch_string_raw):
        arch = 'S390X'
        bits = 64

    return (arch, bits)

def _is_bit_set(reg, bit):
    mask = 1 << bit
    is_set = reg & mask > 0
    return is_set


def _is_selinux_enforcing(trace):
    # Just return if the SE Linux Status Tool is not installed
    if not DataSource.has_sestatus():
        trace.fail('Failed to find sestatus.')
        return False

    # Run the sestatus, and just return if it failed to run
    returncode, output = DataSource.sestatus_b()
    if returncode != 0:
        trace.fail('Failed to run sestatus. Skipping ...')
        return False

    # Figure out if explicitly in enforcing mode
    for line in output.splitlines():
        line = line.strip().lower()
        if line.startswith("current mode:"):
            if line.endswith("enforcing"):
                return True
            else:
                return False

    # Figure out if we can execute heap and execute memory
    can_selinux_exec_heap = False
    can_selinux_exec_memory = False
    for line in output.splitlines():
        line = line.strip().lower()
        if line.startswith("allow_execheap") and line.endswith("on"):
            can_selinux_exec_heap = True
        elif line.startswith("allow_execmem") and line.endswith("on"):
            can_selinux_exec_memory = True

    trace.command_output('can_selinux_exec_heap:', can_selinux_exec_heap)
    trace.command_output('can_selinux_exec_memory:', can_selinux_exec_memory)

    return (not can_selinux_exec_heap or not can_selinux_exec_memory)

def _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info):
    # Filter out None, 0, "", (), {}, []
    info = {k: v for k, v in info.items() if v}

    # Filter out (0, 0)
    info = {k: v for k, v in info.items() if v != (0, 0)}

    # Filter out strings that start with "0.0"
    info = {k: v for k, v in info.items() if not (type(v) == str and v.startswith('0.0'))}

    return info


class ASM(object):
    def __init__(self, restype=None, argtypes=(), machine_code=[]):
        self.restype = restype
        self.argtypes = argtypes
        self.machine_code = machine_code
        self.prochandle = None
        self.mm = None
        self.func = None
        self.address = None
        self.size = 0

    def compile(self):
        machine_code = bytes.join(b'', self.machine_code)
        self.size = ctypes.c_size_t(len(machine_code))

        if DataSource.is_windows:
            # Allocate a memory segment the size of the machine code, and make it executable
            size = len(machine_code)
            # Alloc at least 1 page to ensure we own all pages that we want to change protection on
            if size < 0x1000: size = 0x1000
            MEM_COMMIT = ctypes.c_ulong(0x1000)
            PAGE_READWRITE = ctypes.c_ulong(0x4)
            pfnVirtualAlloc = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualAlloc
            pfnVirtualAlloc.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
            self.address = pfnVirtualAlloc(None, ctypes.c_size_t(size), MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE)
            if not self.address:
                raise Exception("Failed to VirtualAlloc")

            # Copy the machine code into the memory segment
            memmove = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_size_t)(ctypes._memmove_addr)
            if memmove(self.address, machine_code, size) < 0:
                raise Exception("Failed to memmove")

            # Enable execute permissions
            PAGE_EXECUTE = ctypes.c_ulong(0x10)
            old_protect = ctypes.c_ulong(0)
            pfnVirtualProtect = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualProtect
            res = pfnVirtualProtect(ctypes.c_void_p(self.address), ctypes.c_size_t(size), PAGE_EXECUTE, ctypes.byref(old_protect))
            if not res:
                raise Exception("Failed VirtualProtect")

            # Flush Instruction Cache
            # First, get process Handle
            if not self.prochandle:
                pfnGetCurrentProcess = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetCurrentProcess
                pfnGetCurrentProcess.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
                self.prochandle = ctypes.c_void_p(pfnGetCurrentProcess())
            # Actually flush cache
            res = ctypes.windll.kernel32.FlushInstructionCache(self.prochandle, ctypes.c_void_p(self.address), ctypes.c_size_t(size))
            if not res:
                raise Exception("Failed FlushInstructionCache")
        else:
            from mmap import mmap, MAP_PRIVATE, MAP_ANONYMOUS, PROT_WRITE, PROT_READ, PROT_EXEC

            # Allocate a private and executable memory segment the size of the machine code
            machine_code = bytes.join(b'', self.machine_code)
            self.size = len(machine_code)
            self.mm = mmap(-1, self.size, flags=MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, prot=PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC)

            # Copy the machine code into the memory segment
            self.mm.write(machine_code)
            self.address = ctypes.addressof(ctypes.c_int.from_buffer(self.mm))

        # Cast the memory segment into a function
        functype = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(self.restype, *self.argtypes)
        self.func = functype(self.address)

    def run(self):
        # Call the machine code like a function
        retval = self.func()

        return retval

    def free(self):
        # Free the function memory segment
        if DataSource.is_windows:
            MEM_RELEASE = ctypes.c_ulong(0x8000)
            ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualFree(ctypes.c_void_p(self.address), ctypes.c_size_t(0), MEM_RELEASE)
        else:
            self.mm.close()

        self.prochandle = None
        self.mm = None
        self.func = None
        self.address = None
        self.size = 0


class CPUID(object):
    def __init__(self, trace=None):
        if trace == None:
            trace = Trace(False, False)

        # Figure out if SE Linux is on and in enforcing mode
        self.is_selinux_enforcing = _is_selinux_enforcing(trace)

    def _asm_func(self, restype=None, argtypes=(), machine_code=[]):
        asm = ASM(restype, argtypes, machine_code)
        asm.compile()
        return asm

    def _run_asm(self, *machine_code):
        asm = ASM(ctypes.c_uint32, (), machine_code)
        asm.compile()
        retval = asm.run()
        asm.free()
        return retval

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D0:_Get_vendor_ID
    def get_vendor_id(self):
        # EBX
        ebx = self._run_asm(
            b"\x31\xC0",        # xor eax,eax
            b"\x0F\xA2"         # cpuid
            b"\x89\xD8"         # mov ax,bx
            b"\xC3"             # ret
        )

        # ECX
        ecx = self._run_asm(
            b"\x31\xC0",        # xor eax,eax
            b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
            b"\x89\xC8"         # mov ax,cx
            b"\xC3"             # ret
        )

        # EDX
        edx = self._run_asm(
            b"\x31\xC0",        # xor eax,eax
            b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
            b"\x89\xD0"         # mov ax,dx
            b"\xC3"             # ret
        )

        # Each 4bits is a ascii letter in the name
        vendor_id = []
        for reg in [ebx, edx, ecx]:
            for n in [0, 8, 16, 24]:
                vendor_id.append(chr((reg >> n) & 0xFF))
        vendor_id = ''.join(vendor_id)

        return vendor_id

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D1:_Processor_Info_and_Feature_Bits
    def get_info(self):
        # EAX
        eax = self._run_asm(
            b"\xB8\x01\x00\x00\x00",   # mov eax,0x1"
            b"\x0f\xa2"                # cpuid
            b"\xC3"                    # ret
        )

        # Get the CPU info
        stepping_id = (eax >> 0) & 0xF # 4 bits
        model = (eax >> 4) & 0xF # 4 bits
        family_id = (eax >> 8) & 0xF # 4 bits
        processor_type = (eax >> 12) & 0x3 # 2 bits
        extended_model_id = (eax >> 16) & 0xF # 4 bits
        extended_family_id = (eax >> 20) & 0xFF # 8 bits
        family = 0

        if family_id in [15]:
            family = extended_family_id + family_id
        else:
            family = family_id

        if family_id in [6, 15]:
            model = (extended_model_id << 4) + model

        return {
            'stepping' : stepping_id,
            'model' : model,
            'family' : family,
            'processor_type' : processor_type
        }

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D80000000h:_Get_Highest_Extended_Function_Supported
    def get_max_extension_support(self):
        # Check for extension support
        max_extension_support = self._run_asm(
            b"\xB8\x00\x00\x00\x80" # mov ax,0x80000000
            b"\x0f\xa2"             # cpuid
            b"\xC3"                 # ret
        )

        return max_extension_support

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D1:_Processor_Info_and_Feature_Bits
    def get_flags(self, max_extension_support):
        # EDX
        edx = self._run_asm(
            b"\xB8\x01\x00\x00\x00",   # mov eax,0x1"
            b"\x0f\xa2"                # cpuid
            b"\x89\xD0"                # mov ax,dx
            b"\xC3"                    # ret
        )

        # ECX
        ecx = self._run_asm(
            b"\xB8\x01\x00\x00\x00",   # mov eax,0x1"
            b"\x0f\xa2"                # cpuid
            b"\x89\xC8"                # mov ax,cx
            b"\xC3"                    # ret
        )

        # Get the CPU flags
        flags = {
            'fpu' : _is_bit_set(edx, 0),
            'vme' : _is_bit_set(edx, 1),
            'de' : _is_bit_set(edx, 2),
            'pse' : _is_bit_set(edx, 3),
            'tsc' : _is_bit_set(edx, 4),
            'msr' : _is_bit_set(edx, 5),
            'pae' : _is_bit_set(edx, 6),
            'mce' : _is_bit_set(edx, 7),
            'cx8' : _is_bit_set(edx, 8),
            'apic' : _is_bit_set(edx, 9),
            #'reserved1' : _is_bit_set(edx, 10),
            'sep' : _is_bit_set(edx, 11),
            'mtrr' : _is_bit_set(edx, 12),
            'pge' : _is_bit_set(edx, 13),
            'mca' : _is_bit_set(edx, 14),
            'cmov' : _is_bit_set(edx, 15),
            'pat' : _is_bit_set(edx, 16),
            'pse36' : _is_bit_set(edx, 17),
            'pn' : _is_bit_set(edx, 18),
            'clflush' : _is_bit_set(edx, 19),
            #'reserved2' : _is_bit_set(edx, 20),
            'dts' : _is_bit_set(edx, 21),
            'acpi' : _is_bit_set(edx, 22),
            'mmx' : _is_bit_set(edx, 23),
            'fxsr' : _is_bit_set(edx, 24),
            'sse' : _is_bit_set(edx, 25),
            'sse2' : _is_bit_set(edx, 26),
            'ss' : _is_bit_set(edx, 27),
            'ht' : _is_bit_set(edx, 28),
            'tm' : _is_bit_set(edx, 29),
            'ia64' : _is_bit_set(edx, 30),
            'pbe' : _is_bit_set(edx, 31),

            'pni' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 0),
            'pclmulqdq' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 1),
            'dtes64' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 2),
            'monitor' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 3),
            'ds_cpl' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 4),
            'vmx' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 5),
            'smx' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 6),
            'est' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 7),
            'tm2' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 8),
            'ssse3' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 9),
            'cid' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 10),
            #'reserved3' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 11),
            'fma' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 12),
            'cx16' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 13),
            'xtpr' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 14),
            'pdcm' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 15),
            #'reserved4' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 16),
            'pcid' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 17),
            'dca' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 18),
            'sse4_1' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 19),
            'sse4_2' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 20),
            'x2apic' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 21),
            'movbe' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 22),
            'popcnt' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 23),
            'tscdeadline' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 24),
            'aes' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 25),
            'xsave' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 26),
            'osxsave' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 27),
            'avx' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 28),
            'f16c' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 29),
            'rdrnd' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 30),
            'hypervisor' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 31)
        }

        # Get a list of only the flags that are true
        flags = [k for k, v in flags.items() if v]

        # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D7.2C_ECX.3D0:_Extended_Features
        if max_extension_support >= 7:
            # EBX
            ebx = self._run_asm(
                b"\x31\xC9",            # xor ecx,ecx
                b"\xB8\x07\x00\x00\x00" # mov eax,7
                b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
                b"\x89\xD8"         # mov ax,bx
                b"\xC3"             # ret
            )

            # ECX
            ecx = self._run_asm(
                b"\x31\xC9",            # xor ecx,ecx
                b"\xB8\x07\x00\x00\x00" # mov eax,7
                b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
                b"\x89\xC8"         # mov ax,cx
                b"\xC3"             # ret
            )

            # Get the extended CPU flags
            extended_flags = {
                #'fsgsbase' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 0),
                #'IA32_TSC_ADJUST' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 1),
                'sgx' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 2),
                'bmi1' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 3),
                'hle' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 4),
                'avx2' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 5),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 6),
                'smep' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 7),
                'bmi2' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 8),
                'erms' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 9),
                'invpcid' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 10),
                'rtm' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 11),
                'pqm' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 12),
                #'FPU CS and FPU DS deprecated' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 13),
                'mpx' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 14),
                'pqe' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 15),
                'avx512f' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 16),
                'avx512dq' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 17),
                'rdseed' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 18),
                'adx' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 19),
                'smap' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 20),
                'avx512ifma' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 21),
                'pcommit' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 22),
                'clflushopt' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 23),
                'clwb' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 24),
                'intel_pt' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 25),
                'avx512pf' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 26),
                'avx512er' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 27),
                'avx512cd' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 28),
                'sha' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 29),
                'avx512bw' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 30),
                'avx512vl' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 31),

                'prefetchwt1' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 0),
                'avx512vbmi' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 1),
                'umip' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 2),
                'pku' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 3),
                'ospke' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 4),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 5),
                'avx512vbmi2' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 6),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 7),
                'gfni' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 8),
                'vaes' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 9),
                'vpclmulqdq' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 10),
                'avx512vnni' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 11),
                'avx512bitalg' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 12),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 13),
                'avx512vpopcntdq' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 14),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 15),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 16),
                #'mpx0' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 17),
                #'mpx1' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 18),
                #'mpx2' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 19),
                #'mpx3' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 20),
                #'mpx4' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 21),
                'rdpid' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 22),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 23),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 24),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 25),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 26),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 27),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 28),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 29),
                'sgx_lc' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 30),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 31)
            }

            # Get a list of only the flags that are true
            extended_flags = [k for k, v in extended_flags.items() if v]
            flags += extended_flags

        # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D80000001h:_Extended_Processor_Info_and_Feature_Bits
        if max_extension_support >= 0x80000001:
            # EBX
            ebx = self._run_asm(
                b"\xB8\x01\x00\x00\x80" # mov ax,0x80000001
                b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
                b"\x89\xD8"         # mov ax,bx
                b"\xC3"             # ret
            )

            # ECX
            ecx = self._run_asm(
                b"\xB8\x01\x00\x00\x80" # mov ax,0x80000001
                b"\x0f\xa2"         # cpuid
                b"\x89\xC8"         # mov ax,cx
                b"\xC3"             # ret
            )

            # Get the extended CPU flags
            extended_flags = {
                'fpu' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 0),
                'vme' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 1),
                'de' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 2),
                'pse' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 3),
                'tsc' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 4),
                'msr' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 5),
                'pae' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 6),
                'mce' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 7),
                'cx8' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 8),
                'apic' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 9),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 10),
                'syscall' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 11),
                'mtrr' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 12),
                'pge' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 13),
                'mca' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 14),
                'cmov' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 15),
                'pat' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 16),
                'pse36' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 17),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 18),
                'mp' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 19),
                'nx' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 20),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 21),
                'mmxext' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 22),
                'mmx' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 23),
                'fxsr' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 24),
                'fxsr_opt' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 25),
                'pdpe1gp' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 26),
                'rdtscp' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 27),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 28),
                'lm' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 29),
                '3dnowext' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 30),
                '3dnow' : _is_bit_set(ebx, 31),

                'lahf_lm' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 0),
                'cmp_legacy' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 1),
                'svm' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 2),
                'extapic' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 3),
                'cr8_legacy' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 4),
                'abm' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 5),
                'sse4a' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 6),
                'misalignsse' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 7),
                '3dnowprefetch' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 8),
                'osvw' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 9),
                'ibs' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 10),
                'xop' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 11),
                'skinit' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 12),
                'wdt' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 13),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 14),
                'lwp' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 15),
                'fma4' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 16),
                'tce' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 17),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 18),
                'nodeid_msr' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 19),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 20),
                'tbm' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 21),
                'topoext' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 22),
                'perfctr_core' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 23),
                'perfctr_nb' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 24),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 25),
                'dbx' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 26),
                'perftsc' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 27),
                'pci_l2i' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 28),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 29),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 30),
                #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(ecx, 31)
            }

            # Get a list of only the flags that are true
            extended_flags = [k for k, v in extended_flags.items() if v]
            flags += extended_flags

        flags.sort()
        return flags

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D80000002h.2C80000003h.2C80000004h:_Processor_Brand_String
    def get_processor_brand(self, max_extension_support):
        processor_brand = ""

        # Processor brand string
        if max_extension_support >= 0x80000004:
            instructions = [
                b"\xB8\x02\x00\x00\x80", # mov ax,0x80000002
                b"\xB8\x03\x00\x00\x80", # mov ax,0x80000003
                b"\xB8\x04\x00\x00\x80"  # mov ax,0x80000004
            ]
            for instruction in instructions:
                # EAX
                eax = self._run_asm(
                    instruction,  # mov ax,0x8000000?
                    b"\x0f\xa2"   # cpuid
                    b"\x89\xC0"   # mov ax,ax
                    b"\xC3"       # ret
                )

                # EBX
                ebx = self._run_asm(
                    instruction,  # mov ax,0x8000000?
                    b"\x0f\xa2"   # cpuid
                    b"\x89\xD8"   # mov ax,bx
                    b"\xC3"       # ret
                )

                # ECX
                ecx = self._run_asm(
                    instruction,  # mov ax,0x8000000?
                    b"\x0f\xa2"   # cpuid
                    b"\x89\xC8"   # mov ax,cx
                    b"\xC3"       # ret
                )

                # EDX
                edx = self._run_asm(
                    instruction,  # mov ax,0x8000000?
                    b"\x0f\xa2"   # cpuid
                    b"\x89\xD0"   # mov ax,dx
                    b"\xC3"       # ret
                )

                # Combine each of the 4 bytes in each register into the string
                for reg in [eax, ebx, ecx, edx]:
                    for n in [0, 8, 16, 24]:
                        processor_brand += chr((reg >> n) & 0xFF)

        # Strip off any trailing NULL terminators and white space
        processor_brand = processor_brand.strip("\0").strip()

        return processor_brand

    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D80000006h:_Extended_L2_Cache_Features
    def get_cache(self, max_extension_support):
        cache_info = {}

        # Just return if the cache feature is not supported
        if max_extension_support < 0x80000006:
            return cache_info

        # ECX
        ecx = self._run_asm(
            b"\xB8\x06\x00\x00\x80"  # mov ax,0x80000006
            b"\x0f\xa2"              # cpuid
            b"\x89\xC8"              # mov ax,cx
            b"\xC3"                   # ret
        )

        cache_info = {
            'size_b' : (ecx & 0xFF) * 1024,
            'associativity' : (ecx >> 12) & 0xF,
            'line_size_b' : (ecx >> 16) & 0xFFFF
        }

        return cache_info

    def get_ticks_func(self):
        retval = None

        if DataSource.bits == '32bit':
            # Works on x86_32
            restype = None
            argtypes = (ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint), ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint))
            get_ticks_x86_32 = self._asm_func(restype, argtypes,
                [
                b"\x55",         # push bp
                b"\x89\xE5",     # mov bp,sp
                b"\x31\xC0",     # xor ax,ax
                b"\x0F\xA2",     # cpuid
                b"\x0F\x31",     # rdtsc
                b"\x8B\x5D\x08", # mov bx,[di+0x8]
                b"\x8B\x4D\x0C", # mov cx,[di+0xc]
                b"\x89\x13",     # mov [bp+di],dx
                b"\x89\x01",     # mov [bx+di],ax
                b"\x5D",         # pop bp
                b"\xC3"          # ret
                ]
            )

            # Monkey patch func to combine high and low args into one return
            old_func = get_ticks_x86_32.func
            def new_func():
                # Pass two uint32s into function
                high = ctypes.c_uint32(0)
                low = ctypes.c_uint32(0)
                old_func(ctypes.byref(high), ctypes.byref(low))

                # Shift the two uint32s into one uint64
                retval = ((high.value << 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000) | low.value
                return retval
            get_ticks_x86_32.func = new_func

            retval = get_ticks_x86_32
        elif DataSource.bits == '64bit':
            # Works on x86_64
            restype = ctypes.c_uint64
            argtypes = ()
            get_ticks_x86_64 = self._asm_func(restype, argtypes,
                [
                b"\x48",         # dec ax
                b"\x31\xC0",     # xor ax,ax
                b"\x0F\xA2",     # cpuid
                b"\x0F\x31",     # rdtsc
                b"\x48",         # dec ax
                b"\xC1\xE2\x20", # shl dx,byte 0x20
                b"\x48",         # dec ax
                b"\x09\xD0",     # or ax,dx
                b"\xC3",         # ret
                ]
            )

            retval = get_ticks_x86_64
        return retval

    def get_raw_hz(self):
        from time import sleep

        ticks_fn = self.get_ticks_func()

        start = ticks_fn.func()
        sleep(1)
        end = ticks_fn.func()

        ticks = (end - start)
        ticks_fn.free()

        return ticks

def _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid_actual():
    '''
    Warning! This function has the potential to crash the Python runtime.
    Do not call it directly. Use the _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid function instead.
    It will safely call this function in another process.
    '''

    if IS_PY2:
        from cStringIO import StringIO
    else:
        from io import StringIO

    trace = Trace(True, True)
    info = {}

    # Pipe stdout and stderr to strings
    sys.stdout = trace._stdout
    sys.stderr = trace._stderr

    try:
        # Get the CPU arch and bits
        arch, bits = _parse_arch(DataSource.arch_string_raw)

        # Return none if this is not an X86 CPU
        if not arch in ['X86_32', 'X86_64']:
            trace.fail('Not running on X86_32 or X86_64. Skipping ...')
            return trace.to_dict(info, True)

        # Return none if SE Linux is in enforcing mode
        cpuid = CPUID(trace)
        if cpuid.is_selinux_enforcing:
            trace.fail('SELinux is enforcing. Skipping ...')
            return trace.to_dict(info, True)

        # Get the cpu info from the CPUID register
        max_extension_support = cpuid.get_max_extension_support()
        cache_info = cpuid.get_cache(max_extension_support)
        info = cpuid.get_info()

        processor_brand = cpuid.get_processor_brand(max_extension_support)

        # Get the Hz and scale
        hz_actual = cpuid.get_raw_hz()
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        # Get the Hz and scale
        hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)
        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : cpuid.get_vendor_id(),
        'hardware_raw' : '',
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, 0),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, 0),

        'l2_cache_size' : cache_info['size_b'],
        'l2_cache_line_size' : cache_info['line_size_b'],
        'l2_cache_associativity' : cache_info['associativity'],

        'stepping' : info['stepping'],
        'model' : info['model'],
        'family' : info['family'],
        'processor_type' : info['processor_type'],
        'flags' : cpuid.get_flags(max_extension_support)
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        trace.success()
    except Exception as err:
        from traceback import format_exc
        err_string = format_exc()
        trace._err = ''.join(['\t\t{0}\n'.format(n) for n in err_string.split('\n')]) + '\n'
        return trace.to_dict(info, True)

    return trace.to_dict(info, False)

def _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid_subprocess_wrapper(queue):
    orig_stdout = sys.stdout
    orig_stderr = sys.stderr

    output = _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid_actual()

    sys.stdout = orig_stdout
    sys.stderr = orig_stderr

    queue.put(_obj_to_b64(output))

def _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered by querying the X86 cpuid register in a new process.
    Returns {} on non X86 cpus.
    Returns {} if SELinux is in enforcing mode.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from CPUID ...')

    from multiprocessing import Process, Queue

    # Return {} if can't cpuid
    if not DataSource.can_cpuid:
        g_trace.fail('Can\'t CPUID. Skipping ...')
        return {}

    # Get the CPU arch and bits
    arch, bits = _parse_arch(DataSource.arch_string_raw)

    # Return {} if this is not an X86 CPU
    if not arch in ['X86_32', 'X86_64']:
        g_trace.fail('Not running on X86_32 or X86_64. Skipping ...')
        return {}

    try:
        if CAN_CALL_CPUID_IN_SUBPROCESS:
            # Start running the function in a subprocess
            queue = Queue()
            p = Process(target=_get_cpu_info_from_cpuid_subprocess_wrapper, args=(queue,))
            p.start()

            # Wait for the process to end, while it is still alive
            while p.is_alive():
                p.join(0)

            # Return {} if it failed
            if p.exitcode != 0:
                g_trace.fail('Failed to run CPUID in process. Skipping ...')
                return {}

            # Return {} if no results
            if queue.empty():
                g_trace.fail('Failed to get anything from CPUID process. Skipping ...')
                return {}
            # Return the result, only if there is something to read
            else:
                output = _b64_to_obj(queue.get())
                import pprint
                pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)
                #pp.pprint(output)

                if 'output' in output and output['output']:
                    g_trace.write(output['output'])

                if 'stdout' in output and output['stdout']:
                    sys.stdout.write('{0}\n'.format(output['stdout']))
                    sys.stdout.flush()

                if 'stderr' in output and output['stderr']:
                    sys.stderr.write('{0}\n'.format(output['stderr']))
                    sys.stderr.flush()

                if 'is_fail' not in output:
                    g_trace.fail('Failed to get is_fail from CPUID process. Skipping ...')
                    return {}

                # Fail if there was an exception
                if 'err' in output and output['err']:
                    g_trace.fail('Failed to run CPUID in process. Skipping ...')
                    g_trace.write(output['err'])
                    g_trace.write('Failed ...')
                    return {}

                if 'is_fail' in output and output['is_fail']:
                    g_trace.write('Failed ...')
                    return {}

                if 'info' not in output or not output['info']:
                    g_trace.fail('Failed to get return info from CPUID process. Skipping ...')
                    return {}

                return output['info']
        else:
            # FIXME: This should write the values like in the above call to actual
            orig_stdout = sys.stdout
            orig_stderr = sys.stderr

            output = _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid_actual()

            sys.stdout = orig_stdout
            sys.stderr = orig_stderr

            g_trace.success()
            return output['info']
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        pass

    # Return {} if everything failed
    return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_proc_cpuinfo():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from /proc/cpuinfo.
    Returns {} if /proc/cpuinfo is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from /proc/cpuinfo ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no cpuinfo
        if not DataSource.has_proc_cpuinfo():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find /proc/cpuinfo. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        returncode, output = DataSource.cat_proc_cpuinfo()
        if returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run cat /proc/cpuinfo. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Various fields
        vendor_id = _get_field(False, output, None, '', 'vendor_id', 'vendor id', 'vendor')
        processor_brand = _get_field(True, output, None, None, 'model name','cpu', 'processor')
        cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, '', 'cache size')
        stepping = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'stepping')
        model = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'model')
        family = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'cpu family')
        hardware = _get_field(False, output, None, '', 'Hardware')

        # Flags
        flags = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'flags', 'Features')
        if flags:
            flags = flags.split()
            flags.sort()

        # Check for other cache format
        if not cache_size:
            try:
                for i in range(0, 10):
                    name = "cache{0}".format(i)
                    value = _get_field(False, output, None, None, name)
                    if value:
                        value = [entry.split('=') for entry in value.split(' ')]
                        value = dict(value)
                        if 'level' in value and value['level'] == '3' and 'size' in value:
                            cache_size = value['size']
                            break
            except Exception:
                pass

        # Convert from MHz string to Hz
        hz_actual = _get_field(False, output, None, '', 'cpu MHz', 'cpu speed', 'clock', 'cpu MHz dynamic', 'cpu MHz static')
        hz_actual = hz_actual.lower().rstrip('mhz').strip()
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        hz_advertised, scale = (None, 0)
        try:
            hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)
        except Exception:
            pass

        info = {
        'hardware_raw' : hardware,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'l3_cache_size' : _friendly_bytes_to_int(cache_size),
        'flags' : flags,
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        }

        # Make the Hz the same for actual and advertised if missing any
        if not hz_advertised or hz_advertised == '0.0':
            hz_advertised = hz_actual
            scale = 6
        elif not hz_actual or hz_actual == '0.0':
            hz_actual = hz_advertised

        # Add the Hz if there is one
        if _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale) > (0, 0):
            info['hz_advertised_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale)
            info['hz_advertised'] = _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale)
        if _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, scale) > (0, 0):
            info['hz_actual_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, 6)
            info['hz_actual'] = _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, 6)

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_cpufreq_info():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from cpufreq-info.
    Returns {} if cpufreq-info is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from cpufreq-info ...')

    try:
        hz_brand, scale = '0.0', 0

        if not DataSource.has_cpufreq_info():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find cpufreq-info. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        returncode, output = DataSource.cpufreq_info()
        if returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run cpufreq-info. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        hz_brand = output.split('current CPU frequency is')[1].split('\n')[0]
        i = hz_brand.find('Hz')
        assert(i != -1)
        hz_brand = hz_brand[0 : i+2].strip().lower()

        if hz_brand.endswith('mhz'):
            scale = 6
        elif hz_brand.endswith('ghz'):
            scale = 9
        hz_brand = hz_brand.rstrip('mhz').rstrip('ghz').strip()
        hz_brand = _to_decimal_string(hz_brand)

        info = {
            'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_brand, scale),
            'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_brand, scale),
            'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_brand, scale),
            'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_brand, scale),
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_lscpu():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from lscpu.
    Returns {} if lscpu is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from lscpu ...')

    try:
        if not DataSource.has_lscpu():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find lscpu. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        returncode, output = DataSource.lscpu()
        if returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run lscpu. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        info = {}

        new_hz = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'CPU max MHz', 'CPU MHz')
        if new_hz:
            new_hz = _to_decimal_string(new_hz)
            scale = 6
            info['hz_advertised_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_actual_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_advertised'] = _hz_short_to_full(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_actual'] = _hz_short_to_full(new_hz, scale)

        new_hz = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'CPU dynamic MHz', 'CPU static MHz')
        if new_hz:
            new_hz = _to_decimal_string(new_hz)
            scale = 6
            info['hz_advertised_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_actual_friendly'] = _hz_short_to_friendly(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_advertised'] = _hz_short_to_full(new_hz, scale)
            info['hz_actual'] = _hz_short_to_full(new_hz, scale)

        vendor_id = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'Vendor ID')
        if vendor_id:
            info['vendor_id_raw'] = vendor_id

        brand = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'Model name')
        if brand:
            info['brand_raw'] = brand

        family = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'CPU family')
        if family and family.isdigit():
            info['family'] = int(family)

        stepping = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'Stepping')
        if stepping and stepping.isdigit():
            info['stepping'] = int(stepping)

        model = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'Model')
        if model and model.isdigit():
            info['model'] = int(model)

        l1_data_cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'L1d cache')
        if l1_data_cache_size:
            info['l1_data_cache_size'] = _friendly_bytes_to_int(l1_data_cache_size)

        l1_instruction_cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'L1i cache')
        if l1_instruction_cache_size:
            info['l1_instruction_cache_size'] = _friendly_bytes_to_int(l1_instruction_cache_size)

        l2_cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'L2 cache', 'L2d cache')
        if l2_cache_size:
            info['l2_cache_size'] = _friendly_bytes_to_int(l2_cache_size)

        l3_cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'L3 cache')
        if l3_cache_size:
            info['l3_cache_size'] = _friendly_bytes_to_int(l3_cache_size)

        # Flags
        flags = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'flags', 'Features')
        if flags:
            flags = flags.split()
            flags.sort()
            info['flags'] = flags

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_dmesg():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from dmesg.
    Returns {} if dmesg is not found or does not have the desired info.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from the dmesg ...')

    # Just return {} if this arch has an unreliable dmesg log
    arch, bits = _parse_arch(DataSource.arch_string_raw)
    if arch in ['S390X']:
        g_trace.fail('Running on S390X. Skipping ...')
        return {}

    # Just return {} if there is no dmesg
    if not DataSource.has_dmesg():
        g_trace.fail('Failed to find dmesg. Skipping ...')
        return {}

    # If dmesg fails return {}
    returncode, output = DataSource.dmesg_a()
    if output == None or returncode != 0:
        g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"dmesg -a\". Skipping ...')
        return {}

    info = _parse_dmesg_output(output)
    g_trace.success()
    return info


# https://openpowerfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/LoPAPR_DRAFT_v11_24March2016_cmt1.pdf
# page 767
def _get_cpu_info_from_ibm_pa_features():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from lsprop /proc/device-tree/cpus/*/ibm,pa-features
    Returns {} if lsprop is not found or ibm,pa-features does not have the desired info.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from lsprop ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no lsprop
        if not DataSource.has_ibm_pa_features():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find lsprop. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If ibm,pa-features fails return {}
        returncode, output = DataSource.ibm_pa_features()
        if output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to glob /proc/device-tree/cpus/*/ibm,pa-features. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Filter out invalid characters from output
        value = output.split("ibm,pa-features")[1].lower()
        value = [s for s in value if s in list('0123456789abcfed')]
        value = ''.join(value)

        # Get data converted to Uint32 chunks
        left = int(value[0 : 8], 16)
        right = int(value[8 : 16], 16)

        # Get the CPU flags
        flags = {
            # Byte 0
            'mmu' : _is_bit_set(left, 0),
            'fpu' : _is_bit_set(left, 1),
            'slb' : _is_bit_set(left, 2),
            'run' : _is_bit_set(left, 3),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 4),
            'dabr' : _is_bit_set(left, 5),
            'ne' : _is_bit_set(left, 6),
            'wtr' : _is_bit_set(left, 7),

            # Byte 1
            'mcr' : _is_bit_set(left, 8),
            'dsisr' : _is_bit_set(left, 9),
            'lp' : _is_bit_set(left, 10),
            'ri' : _is_bit_set(left, 11),
            'dabrx' : _is_bit_set(left, 12),
            'sprg3' : _is_bit_set(left, 13),
            'rislb' : _is_bit_set(left, 14),
            'pp' : _is_bit_set(left, 15),

            # Byte 2
            'vpm' : _is_bit_set(left, 16),
            'dss_2.05' : _is_bit_set(left, 17),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 18),
            'dar' : _is_bit_set(left, 19),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 20),
            'ppr' : _is_bit_set(left, 21),
            'dss_2.02' : _is_bit_set(left, 22),
            'dss_2.06' : _is_bit_set(left, 23),

            # Byte 3
            'lsd_in_dscr' : _is_bit_set(left, 24),
            'ugr_in_dscr' : _is_bit_set(left, 25),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 26),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 27),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 28),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 29),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 30),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(left, 31),

            # Byte 4
            'sso_2.06' : _is_bit_set(right, 0),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 1),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 2),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 3),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 4),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 5),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 6),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 7),

            # Byte 5
            'le' : _is_bit_set(right, 8),
            'cfar' : _is_bit_set(right, 9),
            'eb' : _is_bit_set(right, 10),
            'lsq_2.07' : _is_bit_set(right, 11),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 12),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 13),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 14),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 15),

            # Byte 6
            'dss_2.07' : _is_bit_set(right, 16),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 17),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 18),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 19),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 20),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 21),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 22),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 23),

            # Byte 7
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 24),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 25),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 26),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 27),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 28),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 29),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 30),
            #'reserved' : _is_bit_set(right, 31),
        }

        # Get a list of only the flags that are true
        flags = [k for k, v in flags.items() if v]
        flags.sort()

        info = {
            'flags' : flags
        }
        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        return {}


def _get_cpu_info_from_cat_var_run_dmesg_boot():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from /var/run/dmesg.boot.
    Returns {} if dmesg is not found or does not have the desired info.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from the /var/run/dmesg.boot log ...')

    # Just return {} if there is no /var/run/dmesg.boot
    if not DataSource.has_var_run_dmesg_boot():
        g_trace.fail('Failed to find /var/run/dmesg.boot file. Skipping ...')
        return {}

    # If dmesg.boot fails return {}
    returncode, output = DataSource.cat_var_run_dmesg_boot()
    if output == None or returncode != 0:
        g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"cat /var/run/dmesg.boot\". Skipping ...')
        return {}

    info = _parse_dmesg_output(output)
    g_trace.success()
    return info


def _get_cpu_info_from_sysctl():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from sysctl.
    Returns {} if sysctl is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from sysctl ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no sysctl
        if not DataSource.has_sysctl():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find sysctl. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If sysctl fails return {}
        returncode, output = DataSource.sysctl_machdep_cpu_hw_cpufrequency()
        if output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"sysctl machdep.cpu hw.cpufrequency\". Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Various fields
        vendor_id = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'machdep.cpu.vendor')
        processor_brand = _get_field(True, output, None, None, 'machdep.cpu.brand_string')
        cache_size = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'machdep.cpu.cache.size')
        stepping = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'machdep.cpu.stepping')
        model = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'machdep.cpu.model')
        family = _get_field(False, output, int, 0, 'machdep.cpu.family')

        # Flags
        flags = _get_field(False, output, None, '', 'machdep.cpu.features').lower().split()
        flags.extend(_get_field(False, output, None, '', 'machdep.cpu.leaf7_features').lower().split())
        flags.extend(_get_field(False, output, None, '', 'machdep.cpu.extfeatures').lower().split())
        flags.sort()

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)
        hz_actual = _get_field(False, output, None, None, 'hw.cpufrequency')
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, 0),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, 0),

        'l2_cache_size' : int(cache_size) * 1024,

        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        'flags' : flags
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        return {}


def _get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from sysinfo.
    Returns {} if sysinfo is not found.
    '''

    info = _get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo_v1()
    info.update(_get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo_v2())
    return info

def _get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo_v1():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from sysinfo.
    Returns {} if sysinfo is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from sysinfo version 1 ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no sysinfo
        if not DataSource.has_sysinfo():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find sysinfo. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If sysinfo fails return {}
        returncode, output = DataSource.sysinfo_cpu()
        if output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"sysinfo -cpu\". Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Various fields
        vendor_id = '' #_get_field(False, output, None, None, 'CPU #0: ')
        processor_brand = output.split('CPU #0: "')[1].split('"\n')[0].strip()
        cache_size = '' #_get_field(False, output, None, None, 'machdep.cpu.cache.size')
        stepping = int(output.split(', stepping ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())
        model = int(output.split(', model ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())
        family = int(output.split(', family ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())

        # Flags
        flags = []
        for line in output.split('\n'):
            if line.startswith('\t\t'):
                for flag in line.strip().lower().split():
                    flags.append(flag)
        flags.sort()

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)
        hz_actual = hz_advertised

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, scale),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, scale),

        'l2_cache_size' : _to_friendly_bytes(cache_size),

        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        'flags' : flags
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo_v2():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from sysinfo.
    Returns {} if sysinfo is not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from sysinfo version 2 ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no sysinfo
        if not DataSource.has_sysinfo():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find sysinfo. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If sysinfo fails return {}
        returncode, output = DataSource.sysinfo_cpu()
        if output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"sysinfo -cpu\". Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Various fields
        vendor_id = '' #_get_field(False, output, None, None, 'CPU #0: ')
        processor_brand = output.split('CPU #0: "')[1].split('"\n')[0].strip()
        cache_size = '' #_get_field(False, output, None, None, 'machdep.cpu.cache.size')
        signature = output.split('Signature:')[1].split('\n')[0].strip()
        #
        stepping = int(signature.split('stepping ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())
        model = int(signature.split('model ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())
        family = int(signature.split('family ')[1].split(',')[0].strip())

        # Flags
        def get_subsection_flags(output):
            retval = []
            for line in output.split('\n')[1:]:
                if not line.startswith('                ') and not line.startswith('        '): break
                for entry in line.strip().lower().split(' '):
                    retval.append(entry)
            return retval

        flags = get_subsection_flags(output.split('Features: ')[1]) + \
                get_subsection_flags(output.split('Extended Features (0x00000001): ')[1]) + \
                get_subsection_flags(output.split('Extended Features (0x80000001): ')[1])
        flags.sort()

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        lines = [n for n in output.split('\n') if n]
        raw_hz = lines[0].split('running at ')[1].strip().lower()
        hz_advertised = raw_hz.rstrip('mhz').rstrip('ghz').strip()
        hz_advertised = _to_decimal_string(hz_advertised)
        hz_actual = hz_advertised

        scale = 0
        if raw_hz.endswith('mhz'):
            scale = 6
        elif raw_hz.endswith('ghz'):
            scale = 9

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, scale),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, scale),

        'l2_cache_size' : _to_friendly_bytes(cache_size),

        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        'flags' : flags
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_wmic():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from WMI.
    Returns {} if not on Windows, or wmic is not installed.
    '''
    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from wmic ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if not Windows or there is no wmic
        if not DataSource.is_windows or not DataSource.has_wmic():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find WMIC, or not on Windows. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        returncode, output = DataSource.wmic_cpu()
        if output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run wmic. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Break the list into key values pairs
        value = output.split("\n")
        value = [s.rstrip().split('=') for s in value if '=' in s]
        value = {k: v for k, v in value if v}

        # Get the advertised MHz
        processor_brand = value.get('Name')
        hz_advertised, scale_advertised = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)

        # Get the actual MHz
        hz_actual = value.get('CurrentClockSpeed')
        scale_actual = 6
        if hz_actual:
            hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        # Get cache sizes
        l2_cache_size = value.get('L2CacheSize') # NOTE: L2CacheSize is in kilobytes
        if l2_cache_size:
            l2_cache_size = int(l2_cache_size) * 1024

        l3_cache_size = value.get('L3CacheSize') # NOTE: L3CacheSize is in kilobytes
        if l3_cache_size:
            l3_cache_size = int(l3_cache_size) * 1024

        # Get family, model, and stepping
        family, model, stepping = '', '', ''
        description = value.get('Description') or value.get('Caption')
        entries = description.split(' ')

        if 'Family' in entries and entries.index('Family') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Family')
            family = int(entries[i + 1])

        if 'Model' in entries and entries.index('Model') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Model')
            model = int(entries[i + 1])

        if 'Stepping' in entries and entries.index('Stepping') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Stepping')
            stepping = int(entries[i + 1])

        info = {
            'vendor_id_raw' : value.get('Manufacturer'),
            'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

            'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale_advertised),
            'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, scale_actual),
            'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale_advertised),
            'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, scale_actual),

            'l2_cache_size' : l2_cache_size,
            'l3_cache_size' : l3_cache_size,

            'stepping' : stepping,
            'model' : model,
            'family' : family,
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        #raise # NOTE: To have this throw on error, uncomment this line
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_registry():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from the Windows Registry.
    Returns {} if not on Windows.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from Windows registry ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if not on Windows
        if not DataSource.is_windows:
            g_trace.fail('Not running on Windows. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Get the CPU name
        processor_brand = DataSource.winreg_processor_brand().strip()

        # Get the CPU vendor id
        vendor_id = DataSource.winreg_vendor_id_raw()

        # Get the CPU arch and bits
        arch_string_raw = DataSource.winreg_arch_string_raw()
        arch, bits = _parse_arch(arch_string_raw)

        # Get the actual CPU Hz
        hz_actual = DataSource.winreg_hz_actual()
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        # Get the advertised CPU Hz
        hz_advertised, scale = _parse_cpu_brand_string(processor_brand)

        # If advertised hz not found, use the actual hz
        if hz_advertised == '0.0':
            scale = 6
            hz_advertised = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        # Get the CPU features
        feature_bits = DataSource.winreg_feature_bits()

        def is_set(bit):
            mask = 0x80000000 >> bit
            retval = mask & feature_bits > 0
            return retval

        # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID
        # http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/43539/what-do-the-flags-in-proc-cpuinfo-mean
        # http://www.lohninger.com/helpcsuite/public_constants_cpuid.htm
        flags = {
            'fpu' : is_set(0), # Floating Point Unit
            'vme' : is_set(1), # V86 Mode Extensions
            'de' : is_set(2), # Debug Extensions - I/O breakpoints supported
            'pse' : is_set(3), # Page Size Extensions (4 MB pages supported)
            'tsc' : is_set(4), # Time Stamp Counter and RDTSC instruction are available
            'msr' : is_set(5), # Model Specific Registers
            'pae' : is_set(6), # Physical Address Extensions (36 bit address, 2MB pages)
            'mce' : is_set(7), # Machine Check Exception supported
            'cx8' : is_set(8), # Compare Exchange Eight Byte instruction available
            'apic' : is_set(9), # Local APIC present (multiprocessor operation support)
            'sepamd' : is_set(10), # Fast system calls (AMD only)
            'sep' : is_set(11), # Fast system calls
            'mtrr' : is_set(12), # Memory Type Range Registers
            'pge' : is_set(13), # Page Global Enable
            'mca' : is_set(14), # Machine Check Architecture
            'cmov' : is_set(15), # Conditional MOVe instructions
            'pat' : is_set(16), # Page Attribute Table
            'pse36' : is_set(17), # 36 bit Page Size Extensions
            'serial' : is_set(18), # Processor Serial Number
            'clflush' : is_set(19), # Cache Flush
            #'reserved1' : is_set(20), # reserved
            'dts' : is_set(21), # Debug Trace Store
            'acpi' : is_set(22), # ACPI support
            'mmx' : is_set(23), # MultiMedia Extensions
            'fxsr' : is_set(24), # FXSAVE and FXRSTOR instructions
            'sse' : is_set(25), # SSE instructions
            'sse2' : is_set(26), # SSE2 (WNI) instructions
            'ss' : is_set(27), # self snoop
            #'reserved2' : is_set(28), # reserved
            'tm' : is_set(29), # Automatic clock control
            'ia64' : is_set(30), # IA64 instructions
            '3dnow' : is_set(31) # 3DNow! instructions available
        }

        # Get a list of only the flags that are true
        flags = [k for k, v in flags.items() if v]
        flags.sort()

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, 6),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, 6),

        'flags' : flags
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_kstat():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info gathered from isainfo and kstat.
    Returns {} if isainfo or kstat are not found.
    '''

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from kstat ...')

    try:
        # Just return {} if there is no isainfo or kstat
        if not DataSource.has_isainfo() or not DataSource.has_kstat():
            g_trace.fail('Failed to find isinfo or kstat. Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If isainfo fails return {}
        returncode, flag_output = DataSource.isainfo_vb()
        if flag_output == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"isainfo -vb\". Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # If kstat fails return {}
        returncode, kstat = DataSource.kstat_m_cpu_info()
        if kstat == None or returncode != 0:
            g_trace.fail('Failed to run \"kstat -m cpu_info\". Skipping ...')
            return {}

        # Various fields
        vendor_id = kstat.split('\tvendor_id ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip()
        processor_brand = kstat.split('\tbrand ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip()
        stepping = int(kstat.split('\tstepping ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip())
        model = int(kstat.split('\tmodel ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip())
        family = int(kstat.split('\tfamily ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip())

        # Flags
        flags = flag_output.strip().split('\n')[-1].strip().lower().split()
        flags.sort()

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        scale = 6
        hz_advertised = kstat.split('\tclock_MHz ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip()
        hz_advertised = _to_decimal_string(hz_advertised)

        # Convert from GHz/MHz string to Hz
        hz_actual = kstat.split('\tcurrent_clock_Hz ')[1].split('\n')[0].strip()
        hz_actual = _to_decimal_string(hz_actual)

        info = {
        'vendor_id_raw' : vendor_id,
        'brand_raw' : processor_brand,

        'hz_advertised_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual_friendly' : _hz_short_to_friendly(hz_actual, 0),
        'hz_advertised' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_advertised, scale),
        'hz_actual' : _hz_short_to_full(hz_actual, 0),

        'stepping' : stepping,
        'model' : model,
        'family' : family,
        'flags' : flags
        }

        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_from_platform_uname():

    g_trace.header('Tying to get info from platform.uname ...')

    try:
        uname = DataSource.uname_string_raw.split(',')[0]

        family, model, stepping = (None, None, None)
        entries = uname.split(' ')

        if 'Family' in entries and entries.index('Family') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Family')
            family = int(entries[i + 1])

        if 'Model' in entries and entries.index('Model') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Model')
            model = int(entries[i + 1])

        if 'Stepping' in entries and entries.index('Stepping') < len(entries)-1:
            i = entries.index('Stepping')
            stepping = int(entries[i + 1])

        info = {
            'family' : family,
            'model' : model,
            'stepping' : stepping
        }
        info = _filter_dict_keys_with_empty_values(info)
        g_trace.success()
        return info
    except Exception as err:
        g_trace.fail(err)
        return {}

def _get_cpu_info_internal():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info by using the best sources of information for your OS.
    Returns {} if nothing is found.
    '''

    g_trace.write('!' * 80)

    # Get the CPU arch and bits
    arch, bits = _parse_arch(DataSource.arch_string_raw)

    friendly_maxsize = { 2**31-1: '32 bit', 2**63-1: '64 bit' }.get(sys.maxsize) or 'unknown bits'
    friendly_version = "{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}.{4}".format(*sys.version_info)
    PYTHON_VERSION = "{0} ({1})".format(friendly_version, friendly_maxsize)

    info = {
        'python_version' : PYTHON_VERSION,
        'cpuinfo_version' : CPUINFO_VERSION,
        'cpuinfo_version_string' : CPUINFO_VERSION_STRING,
        'arch' : arch,
        'bits' : bits,
        'count' : DataSource.cpu_count,
        'arch_string_raw' : DataSource.arch_string_raw,
    }

    g_trace.write("python_version: {0}".format(info['python_version']))
    g_trace.write("cpuinfo_version: {0}".format(info['cpuinfo_version']))
    g_trace.write("arch: {0}".format(info['arch']))
    g_trace.write("bits: {0}".format(info['bits']))
    g_trace.write("count: {0}".format(info['count']))
    g_trace.write("arch_string_raw: {0}".format(info['arch_string_raw']))

    # Try the Windows wmic
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_wmic())

    # Try the Windows registry
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_registry())

    # Try /proc/cpuinfo
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_proc_cpuinfo())

    # Try cpufreq-info
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_cpufreq_info())

    # Try LSCPU
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_lscpu())

    # Try sysctl
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_sysctl())

    # Try kstat
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_kstat())

    # Try dmesg
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_dmesg())

    # Try /var/run/dmesg.boot
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_cat_var_run_dmesg_boot())

    # Try lsprop ibm,pa-features
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_ibm_pa_features())

    # Try sysinfo
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_sysinfo())

    # Try querying the CPU cpuid register
    # FIXME: This should print stdout and stderr to trace log
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_cpuid())

    # Try platform.uname
    _copy_new_fields(info, _get_cpu_info_from_platform_uname())

    g_trace.write('!' * 80)

    return info

def get_cpu_info_json():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info by using the best sources of information for your OS.
    Returns the result in a json string
    '''

    import json

    output = None

    # If running under pyinstaller, run normally
    if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
        info = _get_cpu_info_internal()
        output = json.dumps(info)
        output = "{0}".format(output)
    # if not running under pyinstaller, run in another process.
    # This is done because multiprocesing has a design flaw that
    # causes non main programs to run multiple times on Windows.
    else:
        from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

        command = [sys.executable, __file__, '--json']
        p1 = Popen(command, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, stdin=PIPE)
        output = p1.communicate()[0]

        if p1.returncode != 0:
            return "{}"

        if not IS_PY2:
            output = output.decode(encoding='UTF-8')

    return output

def get_cpu_info():
    '''
    Returns the CPU info by using the best sources of information for your OS.
    Returns the result in a dict
    '''

    import json

    output = get_cpu_info_json()

    # Convert JSON to Python with non unicode strings
    output = json.loads(output, object_hook = _utf_to_str)

    return output

def main():
    from argparse import ArgumentParser
    import json

    # Parse args
    parser = ArgumentParser(description='Gets CPU info with pure Python 2 & 3')
    parser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true', help='Return the info in JSON format')
    parser.add_argument('--version', action='store_true', help='Return the version of py-cpuinfo')
    parser.add_argument('--trace', action='store_true', help='Traces code paths used to find CPU info to file')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    global g_trace
    g_trace = Trace(args.trace, False)

    try:
        _check_arch()
    except Exception as err:
        sys.stderr.write(str(err) + "\n")
        sys.exit(1)

    info = _get_cpu_info_internal()

    if not info:
        sys.stderr.write("Failed to find cpu info\n")
        sys.exit(1)

    if args.json:
        print(json.dumps(info))
    elif args.version:
        print(CPUINFO_VERSION_STRING)
    else:
        print('Python Version: {0}'.format(info.get('python_version', '')))
        print('Cpuinfo Version: {0}'.format(info.get('cpuinfo_version_string', '')))
        print('Vendor ID Raw: {0}'.format(info.get('vendor_id_raw', '')))
        print('Hardware Raw: {0}'.format(info.get('hardware_raw', '')))
        print('Brand Raw: {0}'.format(info.get('brand_raw', '')))
        print('Hz Advertised Friendly: {0}'.format(info.get('hz_advertised_friendly', '')))
        print('Hz Actual Friendly: {0}'.format(info.get('hz_actual_friendly', '')))
        print('Hz Advertised: {0}'.format(info.get('hz_advertised', '')))
        print('Hz Actual: {0}'.format(info.get('hz_actual', '')))
        print('Arch: {0}'.format(info.get('arch', '')))
        print('Bits: {0}'.format(info.get('bits', '')))
        print('Count: {0}'.format(info.get('count', '')))
        print('Arch String Raw: {0}'.format(info.get('arch_string_raw', '')))
        print('L1 Data Cache Size: {0}'.format(info.get('l1_data_cache_size', '')))
        print('L1 Instruction Cache Size: {0}'.format(info.get('l1_instruction_cache_size', '')))
        print('L2 Cache Size: {0}'.format(info.get('l2_cache_size', '')))
        print('L2 Cache Line Size: {0}'.format(info.get('l2_cache_line_size', '')))
        print('L2 Cache Associativity: {0}'.format(info.get('l2_cache_associativity', '')))
        print('L3 Cache Size: {0}'.format(info.get('l3_cache_size', '')))
        print('Stepping: {0}'.format(info.get('stepping', '')))
        print('Model: {0}'.format(info.get('model', '')))
        print('Family: {0}'.format(info.get('family', '')))
        print('Processor Type: {0}'.format(info.get('processor_type', '')))
        print('Flags: {0}'.format(', '.join(info.get('flags', ''))))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
else:
    g_trace = Trace(False, False)
    _check_arch()
