Introduction into Programmable Oscilloscopes and Signal Monitoring
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Programmable oscilloscopes (also called digital storage oscilloscopes or DSOs with remote-control capabilities) are
core instruments for visualizing and analyzing electrical signals in real time. They convert analog voltages into
digital data, display waveforms (voltage vs. time), and provide powerful measurement, triggering, and analysis
tools - far beyond what a simple multimeter can offer.

Why “programmable” matters
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Modern oscilloscopes expose standardized interfaces such as USB, LAN/Ethernet, GPIB, or LXI. You control them remotely
via SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) commands or vendor-specific APIs. This turns the scope into
a fully automatable component of a test system:

* Set timebase, vertical scale, and probe factors programmatically
* Configure triggers (edge, pulse, serial protocol decode, etc.)
* Acquire waveforms, run measurements (amplitude, frequency, rise/fall time, eye diagram, FFT, etc.)
* Export raw data, screenshots, or measurement results

General signal monitoring use cases
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In automated testing and hardware validation you typically:

* Monitor power rails, clock signals, sensor outputs, or communication lines (I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, Ethernet, etc.)
* Verify signal integrity, timing relationships, and protocol compliance
* Log long-term behavior or capture rare glitches with deep memory and segmented acquisition
* Integrate the scope into a closed-loop test sequence (e.g., stimulate a device under test and immediately verify the
  response)
