The module is designed to speed up the solution of certain coding challenges. The module is inspired by Advent of Code, I have not used it for anything else, but it is probably useful for other things.
The use of the module is different from the traditional ones, my goal
was to be able to create a new solution easily. The
Solution base class provided by the module contains some
frequently used or useful functions for debugging and only the solutions
need to be added.
Each time I start from the code below.
#!/usr/bin/python3 -u
from aochallenge import *
class Solution(Solver):
def __init__(self):
data = load(True,',',int)
# def part1(self):
# def part2(self):
# def solve_more(self):
solution = Solution()
solution.main()To be more precise, I also use type annotation, which I have taken from here.
The part1 and part2 methods are called and
the returned value is displayed by the original class. If the two parts
of the challenge build on each other, you can also use
solve_more (generator), in which the solutions are returned
with the yield keyword, so that the computation can
continue without saving previous results. Check out also the example at the end of this document.
In the constructor, it makes sense to load and, if necessary, preprocess the input data, which is well done by the load function of the Solution class. Note that this function examines the program’s input arguments and decides which input file to load (test or main) based on them.
For each challenge there are one or more test inputs and there is your challenge one. The class expects the input files to be named appropriately to be able to load automatically, but also arbitrary file name can be specified. Default filebname is ‘input’ or ‘input.txt’ and test file variant can be appended to ‘inpit’, i.e. ‘input-t’ or ‘inpuz-t.txt’.
aoc/2022/01/
|---- aoc.py source code
|---- input-t.txt test input
\---- input.txt challenge input
In this case, you can run your code with the test data as follows:
$ ./aoc-2201.py -t
And with the challenge data, simply:
$ ./aoc-2201.py
In some special cases the input is a single line of data or some
other simple constructs. In this case it is unnecessary to create files
for each, you can simply pass a look-up-table to the load
function. E.g.
INPUT = {
None: 'My challenge input data',
't': 'My test 1 input data',
't2': 'My test 2 input data',
}
...
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
data = self.load(lut=INPUT)If you need which variant the solution has been run with, you can
check it with variant. It returns None if no
variant has bee given and the variant id (E.g. "-t") if it
has been:
def __init__(self):
...
if variant() is not None:
# test variantload methodThe load method is used to prepare the data for further
processing. The input can come from a file or from a predefined
look-up-table. If the latter is not specified, file handling is
automatic (see above).
load function does not only import data, but does some
preprocessing on them:
def load(self,
splitlines: bool = False,
splitrecords: str | None = None,
recordtype: list[type] | tuple[type, ...] | type | None = None,
*,
lut: dict[str | None, Any] | None = None,
filename: str | None = None
) -> list[str | int | list]Parameters:
splitlines: boolean value whether the input data lines
have to be splitted into a list.splitrecords: string value used to separate the records
in each line. For example, if there are comma-separated values, this
field is “,”. If set to None, items within the row are not
split.recordtype: type of records. For example, if the values
are numbers, it can be int or even float. The
load function does the conversion. If the parameter type is
list or tuple, the various fields may have
different types. E.g. (str, list) means, that the first
record should be a str, but all further ones have to be
casted to int.lut (keyword only parameter): if this parameter is
specified, the input data will be read from it instead of from an input
file.filename (keyword only parameter): input file’s name.
Note, that a @@ in in the filename will be replaced by the
variant. If file is not found, load tries to add a ‘.txt’
extension and open that one.Note, that if splitlines is False but
splitrecords is defined, only the first row will be
processed. This means that if you have a one-row data set, the return
element is not a two-dimensional list with a single nested list, but a
simple list of values from the first row.
The purpose of the grid submodule is to handle 2D/3D arrays and coordinates. It provides types and functions that are frequently useful in Advent of Code challenges. Here are a few examples of how it can be used:
def blur(src: grid.Grid[int]) -> grid.Grid[int]:
dst = grid.create_grid(src, 0)
for coord, px in grid.iter_grid(src):
neighbors = grid.bounded_neighbors_full(coord, (0, 0), grid.boundaries(src))
for ncoord in neighbors:
px += grid.get_element(src, ncoord)
pxcnt = len(neighbors) + 1
grid.set_element(dst, coord, px // 9)
return dstarea: Grid2D[int] = [[]]
...
colsums = [0] * grid.width(area)
rowsums = [0] * grid.height(area)
for (x, y), v in grid.iter_grid(area):
colsums[x] += v
rowsums[y] += vCoord2D (or Coord), Coord3D:
A 2D/3D coordinate represented as a hashable named tuple with x, y (and
z) components. Supports vector-style addition and subtraction.Grid2D (or Grid),Grid3D: Type
alias for a 2D/3D grid of elements of type T, represented as a sequence
of sequences (e.g., list or tuple of list/tuple).MutableGrid2D (or
MutableGrid),MutableGrid3D: Type alias for a
mutable 2D/3D grid of type T, specifically a list of lists.The functions below can also be used with _2d and
_3d suffixes (e.g., neighbors_2d and
neighbors_3d), depending on your needs. The 3D variants
correspond to the Coord3D and Grid3D[T] types.
Omitting the suffix defaults to 2D usage. Note that some functions are
only available in a 3D context. This is clearly indicated where
applicable.
Coordinate operations:
manhattan(a: Coord, b: Coord) -> int: Returns the
Manhattan distance between two 2D/3D coordinates.is_within(p: Coord, corner2: Coord, corner2: Coord) -> bool:
Returns True if the 2D/3D coordinate p lies within or on
the boundary defined by the two opposite dcorners. Assumes corner1 has
the smaller coordinate values in all dimensions.neighbors(coord: Coord) -> list[Coord]: Returns the
list of direct (side-adjacent) neighbors of the given 2D/3D
coordinate.bounded_neighbors(coord: Coord) -> list[Coord]:
Returns the list of direct (side-adjacent) neighbors of the 2D/3D
coordinate coord that lie within the bounds defined by
corner1 and corner2 Assumes.
corner1 has the smaller values in all dimensions .neighbors_full(coord: Coord) -> list[Coord]: Returns
the list of all neighbors of the given 2D/3D coordinate, including those
adjacent by faces, edges, and corners (8/26-directional neighbors).bounded_neighbors_full(coord: Coord) -> list[Coord]:
Returns the list of all neighbors of the given 2D/3D coordinate,
including those adjacent by faces, edges, and corners (8/26-directional
neighbors) that lie within the bounds defined by corner1
and corner2 Assumes. corner1 has the smaller
values in all dimensions .neighbors_edge_3d(coord: Coord3D) -> list[Coord3D]:
Returns the list of 3D neighbors adjacent to the given coordinate by
faces and edges, excluding corner-adjacent neighbors.bounded_neighbors_edge_3d(coord: Coord3D) -> list[Coord3D]:
Returns the list of 3D neighbors adjacent by faces and edges that lie
within the bounds defined by corner1 and
corner2, excluding corner neighbors. Assumes
corner1 has the smaller coordinate values in all
dimensions.Grid operations:
create_grid_2d, create_grid_3d: Returns
with a 2D/3D grid filled up with th default value.width_2d, height_2d,
width_3d, height_3d, depth_3d:
Return the corresponding dimension value of the given 2D/3D griddimension_2d, dimension_3d: Return the
dimensions of the given 2D/3D grid in
Coord2D/Coord3D formatboundaries_2d, boundaries_3d: Return the
boundariess of the given 2D/3D grid in
Coord2D/Coord3D format. Note that it differs
from dimensions in that it includes the last index - meaning each value
is one less than it would be in that case.set_element_2d, set_element_3d: Sets the
element at the given 2D/3D coordinate in the mutable grid to the
specified value (modifies the grid in place).get_element_2d, get_element_3d: Returns
the element at the given 2D/3D coordinate in the grid.iter_grid_2d, iter_grid_3d: Iterator,
yields pairs of 2D/3D coordinates and their corresponding values by
iterating over all elements in the 2D/3D grid.The class contains some debugging solutions to display temporary results.
print_condensed(grid: Grid2D[T]): Prints content of
a 2-dimensional container of characters “condensed”. E.g. if data is
[['#', '#', '.'], ['.', '#', '.'], ['.', '#', '#']]`
the following will be printed:
##.
.#.
.##
Note that the 2-dimensional container can be also a list of strings.
def print_csv(grid: Grid2D[T]): Prints content of a
2-dimensional container in a comma separated way
def print_arranged(grid: Grid2D[T]): Prints content
of a 2-dimensional container arranged into columns
def print_solution(solution: Solver): Prints
properties of a Solver based object
Sometimes it’s necessary to save an image - either to analyze the
current state or simply to visualize the result. The
save_image function provides this capability.
scene Grid2D[str] = [
["#", "#", "#", "#", "#"],
["#", "S", ".", ".", "#"],
["#", ".", "#", ".", "#"],
["#", ".", "#", "E", "#"],
["#", "#", "#", "#", "#"],
]
colors : ColorLUT[str] = {
".": 0xdddddd, # light gray
"#": 0x000900, # black
"S": 0xff0900, # red
"E": 0x0009ff, # blue
}
save_image("scene.png", scene, colors)Festures:
ColorLUT[T]: a dictionary-based look-up table that maps
values of type T to RGB color integers in 0xRRGGBB format.save_image(filename: str, grid: Grid2D[T], colors: ColorLUT[T]):
converts grid to an image using the color table and saves it to the
specified file path.The aochallenge module also imports several commonly used standard
functions and modules when used with
from aochallenge import *.
Imported modules:
sysreImported functions:
cache (from functools)lru_cache (from functools)combinations (from itertools)count (from itertools)product (from itertools)Generator (from collections.abc)dataclass (from dataclasses)field (from dataclasses)copy (from copy)deepcopy (from copy)Callable (from typing)cast (from typing)NamedTuple (from typing)PART 1: Add up all the numbers in each row separated by commas and print the maximum of these sums.
PART 2: Find the 3 largest sums, add them up and determine the final result.
Using part1 and part2:
#!/usr/bin/python2 -u
from aochallenge import *
class Solution(Solver):
def __init__(self):
self.data = load(True,',',int)
def part1(self):
return max(sum(row) for row in self.data)
def part2(self):
return sum(sorted(sum(row) for row in self.data)[-4:])
solution = Solution()
solution.main()Using solve_more:
#!/usr/bin/python2 -u
from aochallenge import *
class Solution(Solver):
def __init__(self):
self.data = load(True,',',int)
def solve_more(self):
sums = sorted(sum(row) for row in self.data)
yield sums[-2]
yield sum(sums[-4:])
solution = Solution()
solution.main()