# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (C) 2014-2015 Alexander Shorin
# All rights reserved.
#
# This software is licensed as described in the file LICENSE, which
# you should have received as part of this distribution.
#

import asyncio
import binascii
import base64
import json
import io
import mimetypes
import os
import re
import uuid
import warnings
import zlib
from collections import Mapping, Sequence
from urllib.parse import quote, unquote, urlencode, parse_qsl

from aiohttp.helpers import parse_mimetype
from aiohttp.multidict import CIMultiDict
from aiohttp.protocol import HttpParser
from .hdrs import (
    CONTENT_DISPOSITION,
    CONTENT_ENCODING,
    CONTENT_LENGTH,
    CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING,
    CONTENT_TYPE
)


CHAR = set(chr(i) for i in range(0, 128))
CTL = set(chr(i) for i in range(0, 32)) | {chr(127), }
SEPARATORS = {'(', ')', '<', '>', '@', ',', ';', ':', '\\', '"', '/', '[', ']',
              '?', '=', '{', '}', ' ', chr(9)}
TOKEN = CHAR ^ CTL ^ SEPARATORS


class BadContentDispositionHeader(RuntimeWarning):
    pass


class BadContentDispositionParam(RuntimeWarning):
    pass


def parse_content_disposition(header):
    def is_token(string):
        return string and TOKEN >= set(string)

    def is_quoted(string):
        return string[0] == string[-1] == '"'

    def is_rfc5987(string):
        return is_token(string) and string.count("'") == 2

    def is_extended_param(string):
        return string.endswith('*')

    def is_continuous_param(string):
        pos = string.find('*') + 1
        if not pos:
            return False
        substring = string[pos:-1] if string.endswith('*') else string[pos:]
        return substring.isdigit()

    def unescape(text, *, chars=''.join(map(re.escape, CHAR))):
        return re.sub('\\\\([{}])'.format(chars), '\\1', text)

    if not header:
        return None, {}

    disptype, *parts = header.split(';')
    if not is_token(disptype):
        warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionHeader(header))
        return None, {}

    params = {}
    for item in parts:
        if '=' not in item:
            warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionHeader(header))
            return None, {}

        key, value = item.split('=', 1)
        key = key.lower().strip()
        value = value.lstrip()

        if key in params:
            warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionHeader(header))
            return None, {}

        if not is_token(key):
            warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionParam(item))
            continue

        elif is_continuous_param(key):
            if is_quoted(value):
                value = unescape(value[1:-1])
            elif not is_token(value):
                warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionParam(item))
                continue

        elif is_extended_param(key):
            if is_rfc5987(value):
                encoding, _, value = value.split("'", 2)
                encoding = encoding or 'utf-8'
            else:
                warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionParam(item))
                continue

            try:
                value = unquote(value, encoding, 'strict')
            except UnicodeDecodeError:  # pragma: nocover
                warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionParam(item))
                continue

        else:
            if is_quoted(value):
                value = unescape(value[1:-1].lstrip('\\/'))
            elif not is_token(value):
                warnings.warn(BadContentDispositionHeader(header))
                return None, {}

        params[key] = value

    return disptype.lower(), params


def content_disposition_filename(params):
    if not params:
        return None
    elif 'filename*' in params:
        return params['filename*']
    elif 'filename' in params:
        return params['filename']
    else:
        parts = []
        fnparams = sorted((key, value)
                          for key, value in params.items()
                          if key.startswith('filename*'))
        for num, (key, value) in enumerate(fnparams):
            _, tail = key.split('*', 1)
            if tail.endswith('*'):
                tail = tail[:-1]
            if tail == str(num):
                parts.append(value)
            else:
                break
        if not parts:
            return None
        value = ''.join(parts)
        if "'" in value:
            encoding, _, value = value.split("'", 2)
            encoding = encoding or 'utf-8'
            return unquote(value, encoding, 'strict')
        return value


class MultipartResponseWrapper(object):
    """Wrapper around the :class:`MultipartBodyReader` to take care about
    underlying connection and close it when it needs in."""

    def __init__(self, resp, stream):
        self.resp = resp
        self.stream = stream

    def at_eof(self):
        """Returns ``True`` when all response data had been read.

        :rtype: bool
        """
        return self.resp.content.at_eof()

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def next(self):
        """Emits next multipart reader object."""
        item = yield from self.stream.next()
        if self.stream.at_eof():
            yield from self.release()
        return item

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def release(self):
        """Releases the connection gracefully, reading all the content
        to the void."""
        yield from self.resp.release()


class BodyPartReader(object):
    """Multipart reader for single body part."""

    chunk_size = 8192

    def __init__(self, boundary, headers, content):
        self.headers = headers
        self._boundary = boundary
        self._content = content
        self._at_eof = False
        length = self.headers.get(CONTENT_LENGTH, None)
        self._length = int(length) if length is not None else None
        self._read_bytes = 0
        self._unread = []

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def next(self):
        item = yield from self.read()
        if not item:
            return None
        return item

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def read(self, *, decode=False):
        """Reads body part data.

        :param bool decode: Decodes data following by encoding
                            method from `Content-Encoding` header. If it missed
                            data remains untouched

        :rtype: bytearray
        """
        if self._at_eof:
            return b''
        data = bytearray()
        if self._length is None:
            while not self._at_eof:
                data.extend((yield from self.readline()))
        else:
            while not self._at_eof:
                data.extend((yield from self.read_chunk(self.chunk_size)))
            assert b'\r\n' == (yield from self._content.readline()), \
                'reader did not read all the data or it is malformed'
        if decode:
            return self.decode(data)
        return data

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def read_chunk(self, size=chunk_size):
        """Reads body part content chunk of the specified size.
        The body part must has `Content-Length` header with proper value.

        :param int size: chunk size

        :rtype: bytearray
        """
        if self._at_eof:
            return b''
        assert self._length is not None, \
            'Content-Length required for chunked read'
        chunk_size = min(size, self._length - self._read_bytes)
        chunk = yield from self._content.read(chunk_size)
        self._read_bytes += chunk_size
        if self._read_bytes == self._length:
            self._at_eof = True
        return chunk

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def readline(self):
        """Reads body part by line by line.

        :rtype: bytearray
        """
        if self._at_eof:
            return b''
        line = yield from self._content.readline()
        if line.startswith(self._boundary):
            # the very last boundary may not come with \r\n,
            # so set single rules for everyone
            sline = line.rstrip(b'\r\n')
            boundary = self._boundary
            last_boundary = self._boundary + b'--'
            # ensure that we read exactly the boundary, not something alike
            if sline == boundary or sline == last_boundary:
                self._at_eof = True
                self._unread.append(line)
                return b''
        return line

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def release(self):
        """Lke :meth:`read`, but reads all the data to the void.

        :rtype: None
        """
        if self._at_eof:
            return
        if self._length is None:
            while not self._at_eof:
                yield from self.readline()
        else:
            while not self._at_eof:
                yield from self.read_chunk(self.chunk_size)
            assert b'\r\n' == (yield from self._content.readline())

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def text(self, *, encoding=None):
        """Lke :meth:`read`, but assumes that body part contains text data.

        :param str encoding: Custom text encoding. Overrides specified
                             in charset param of `Content-Type` header

        :rtype: str
        """
        data = yield from self.read(decode=True)
        encoding = encoding or self.get_charset(default='latin1')
        return data.decode(encoding)

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def json(self, *, encoding=None):
        """Lke :meth:`read`, but assumes that body parts contains JSON data.

        :param str encoding: Custom JSON encoding. Overrides specified
                             in charset param of `Content-Type` header
        """
        data = yield from self.read(decode=True)
        if not data:
            return None
        encoding = encoding or self.get_charset(default='utf-8')
        return json.loads(data.decode(encoding))

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def form(self, *, encoding=None):
        """Lke :meth:`read`, but assumes that body parts contains form
        urlencoded data.

        :param str encoding: Custom form encoding. Overrides specified
                             in charset param of `Content-Type` header
        """
        data = yield from self.read(decode=True)
        if not data:
            return None
        encoding = encoding or self.get_charset(default='utf-8')
        return parse_qsl(data.rstrip().decode(encoding), encoding=encoding)

    def at_eof(self):
        """Returns ``True`` if the boundary was reached or
        ``False`` otherwise.

        :rtype: bool
        """
        return self._at_eof

    def decode(self, data):
        """Decodes data according the specified `Content-Encoding`
        or `Content-Transfer-Encoding` headers value.

        Supports ``gzip``, ``deflate`` and ``identity`` encodings for
        `Content-Encoding` header.

        Supports ``base64``, ``quoted-printable`` encodings for
        `Content-Transfer-Encoding` header.

        :param bytearray data: Data to decode.

        :raises: :exc:`RuntimeError` - if encoding is unknown.

        :rtype: bytes
        """
        if CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING in self.headers:
            data = self._decode_content_transfer(data)
        if CONTENT_ENCODING in self.headers:
            return self._decode_content(data)
        return data

    def _decode_content(self, data):
        encoding = self.headers[CONTENT_ENCODING].lower()

        if encoding == 'deflate':
            return zlib.decompress(data, -zlib.MAX_WBITS)
        elif encoding == 'gzip':
            return zlib.decompress(data, 16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
        elif encoding == 'identity':
            return data
        else:
            raise RuntimeError('unknown content encoding: {}'.format(encoding))

    def _decode_content_transfer(self, data):
        encoding = self.headers[CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING].lower()

        if encoding == 'base64':
            return base64.b64decode(data)
        elif encoding == 'quoted-printable':
            return binascii.a2b_qp(data)
        else:
            raise RuntimeError('unknown content transfer encoding: {}'
                               ''.format(encoding))

    def get_charset(self, default=None):
        """Returns charset parameter from ``Content-Type`` header or default."""
        ctype = self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE, '')
        *_, params = parse_mimetype(ctype)
        return params.get('charset', default)

    @property
    def filename(self):
        """Returns filename specified in Content-Disposition header or ``None``
        if missed or header is malformed."""
        _, params = parse_content_disposition(
            self.headers.get(CONTENT_DISPOSITION))
        return content_disposition_filename(params)


class MultipartReader(object):
    """Multipart body reader."""

    #: Response wrapper, used when multipart readers constructs from response.
    response_wrapper_cls = MultipartResponseWrapper
    #: Multipart reader class, used to handle multipart/* body parts.
    #: None points to type(self)
    multipart_reader_cls = None
    #: Body part reader class for non multipart/* content types.
    part_reader_cls = BodyPartReader

    def __init__(self, headers, content):
        self.headers = headers
        self._boundary = ('--' + self._get_boundary()).encode()
        self._content = content
        self._last_part = None
        self._at_eof = False
        self._unread = []

    @classmethod
    def from_response(cls, response):
        """Constructs reader instance from HTTP response.

        :param response: :class:`~aiocouchdb.client.HttpResponse` instance
        """
        obj = cls.response_wrapper_cls(response, cls(response.headers,
                                                     response.content))
        return obj

    def at_eof(self):
        """Returns ``True`` if the final boundary was reached or
        ``False`` otherwise.

        :rtype: bool
        """
        return self._at_eof

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def next(self):
        """Emits the next multipart body part."""
        if self._at_eof:
            return
        yield from self._maybe_release_last_part()
        yield from self._read_boundary()
        if self._at_eof:  # we just read the last boundary, nothing to do there
            return
        self._last_part = yield from self.fetch_next_part()
        return self._last_part

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def release(self):
        """Reads all the body parts to the void till the final boundary."""
        while not self._at_eof:
            item = yield from self.next()
            if item is None:
                break
            yield from item.release()

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def fetch_next_part(self):
        """Returns the next body part reader."""
        headers = yield from self._read_headers()
        return self._get_part_reader(headers)

    def _get_part_reader(self, headers):
        """Dispatches the response by the `Content-Type` header, returning
        suitable reader instance.

        :param dict headers: Response headers
        """
        ctype = headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE, '')
        mtype, *_ = parse_mimetype(ctype)
        if mtype == 'multipart':
            if self.multipart_reader_cls is None:
                return type(self)(headers, self._content)
            return self.multipart_reader_cls(headers, self._content)
        else:
            return self.part_reader_cls(self._boundary, headers, self._content)

    def _get_boundary(self):
        mtype, *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers[CONTENT_TYPE])

        assert mtype == 'multipart', 'multipart/* content type expected'

        if 'boundary' not in params:
            raise ValueError('boundary missed for Content-Type: %s'
                             % self.headers[CONTENT_TYPE])

        boundary = params['boundary']
        if len(boundary) > 70:
            raise ValueError('boundary %r is too long (70 chars max)'
                             % boundary)

        return boundary

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def _readline(self):
        if self._unread:
            return self._unread.pop()
        return (yield from self._content.readline())

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def _read_boundary(self):
        chunk = (yield from self._readline()).rstrip()
        if chunk == self._boundary:
            pass
        elif chunk == self._boundary + b'--':
            self._at_eof = True
        else:
            raise ValueError('Invalid boundary %r, expected %r'
                             % (chunk, self._boundary))

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def _read_headers(self):
        lines = ['']
        while True:
            chunk = yield from self._content.readline()
            chunk = chunk.decode().strip()
            lines.append(chunk)
            if not chunk:
                break
        parser = HttpParser()
        headers, *_ = parser.parse_headers(lines)
        return headers

    @asyncio.coroutine
    def _maybe_release_last_part(self):
        """Ensures that the last read body part is read completely."""
        if self._last_part is not None:
            if not self._last_part.at_eof():
                yield from self._last_part.release()
            self._unread.extend(self._last_part._unread)
            self._last_part = None


class BodyPartWriter(object):
    """Multipart writer for single body part."""

    def __init__(self, obj, headers=None, *, chunk_size=8192):
        if headers is None:
            headers = CIMultiDict()
        elif not isinstance(headers, CIMultiDict):
            headers = CIMultiDict(headers)

        self.obj = obj
        self.headers = headers
        self._chunk_size = chunk_size
        self._fill_headers_with_defaults()

        self._serialize_map = {
            bytes: self._serialize_bytes,
            str: self._serialize_str,
            io.IOBase: self._serialize_io,
            MultipartWriter: self._serialize_multipart,
            ('application', 'json'): self._serialize_json,
            ('application', 'x-www-form-urlencoded'): self._serialize_form
        }

    def _fill_headers_with_defaults(self):
        if CONTENT_TYPE not in self.headers:
            content_type = self._guess_content_type(self.obj)
            if content_type is not None:
                self.headers[CONTENT_TYPE] = content_type

        if CONTENT_LENGTH not in self.headers:
            content_length = self._guess_content_length(self.obj)
            if content_length is not None:
                self.headers[CONTENT_LENGTH] = str(content_length)

        if CONTENT_DISPOSITION not in self.headers:
            filename = self._guess_filename(self.obj)
            if filename is not None:
                self.set_content_disposition('attachment', filename=filename)

    def _guess_content_length(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, bytes):
            return len(obj)
        elif isinstance(obj, str):
            *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
            charset = params.get('charset', 'us-ascii')
            return len(obj.encode(charset))
        elif isinstance(obj, io.StringIO):
            *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
            charset = params.get('charset', 'us-ascii')
            return len(obj.getvalue().encode(charset)) - obj.tell()
        elif isinstance(obj, io.BytesIO):
            return len(obj.getvalue()) - obj.tell()
        elif isinstance(obj, io.IOBase):
            try:
                return os.fstat(obj.fileno()).st_size - obj.tell()
            except (AttributeError, OSError):
                return None
        else:
            return None

    def _guess_content_type(self, obj, default='application/octet-stream'):
        if hasattr(obj, 'name'):
            name = getattr(obj, 'name')
            return mimetypes.guess_type(name)[0]
        elif isinstance(obj, (str, io.StringIO)):
            return 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
        else:
            return default

    def _guess_filename(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, io.IOBase):
            name = getattr(obj, 'name', None)
            if name is not None:
                return os.path.basename(name)

    def serialize(self):
        """Yields byte chunks for body part."""

        has_encoding = (
            CONTENT_ENCODING in self.headers
            and self.headers[CONTENT_ENCODING] != 'identity'
            or CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING in self.headers
        )
        if has_encoding:
            # since we're following streaming approach which doesn't assumes
            # any intermediate buffers, we cannot calculate real content length
            # with the specified content encoding scheme. So, instead of lying
            # about content length and cause reading issues, we have to strip
            # this information.
            self.headers.pop(CONTENT_LENGTH, None)

        if self.headers:
            yield b'\r\n'.join(
                b': '.join(map(lambda i: i.encode('latin1'), item))
                for item in self.headers.items()
            )
        yield b'\r\n\r\n'
        yield from self._maybe_encode_stream(self._serialize_obj())
        yield b'\r\n'

    def _serialize_obj(self):
        obj = self.obj
        mtype, stype, *_ = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
        serializer = self._serialize_map.get((mtype, stype))
        if serializer is not None:
            return serializer(obj)

        for key in self._serialize_map:
            if not isinstance(key, tuple) and isinstance(obj, key):
                return self._serialize_map[key](obj)
        return self._serialize_default(obj)

    def _serialize_bytes(self, obj):
        yield obj

    def _serialize_str(self, obj):
        *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
        yield obj.encode(params.get('charset', 'us-ascii'))

    def _serialize_io(self, obj):
        while True:
            chunk = obj.read(self._chunk_size)
            if not chunk:
                break
            if isinstance(chunk, str):
                yield from self._serialize_str(chunk)
            else:
                yield from self._serialize_bytes(chunk)

    def _serialize_multipart(self, obj):
        yield from obj.serialize()

    def _serialize_json(self, obj):
        *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
        yield json.dumps(obj).encode(params.get('charset', 'utf-8'))

    def _serialize_form(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, Mapping):
            obj = list(obj.items())
        return self._serialize_str(urlencode(obj, doseq=True))

    def _serialize_default(self, obj):
        raise TypeError('unknown body part type %r' % type(obj))

    def _maybe_encode_stream(self, stream):
        if CONTENT_ENCODING in self.headers:
            stream = self._apply_content_encoding(stream)
        if CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING in self.headers:
            stream = self._apply_content_transfer_encoding(stream)
        yield from stream

    def _apply_content_encoding(self, stream):
        encoding = self.headers[CONTENT_ENCODING].lower()
        if encoding == 'identity':
            yield from stream
        elif encoding in ('deflate', 'gzip'):
            zlib_mode = (16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS
                         if encoding == 'gzip' else
                         -zlib.MAX_WBITS)
            zcomp = zlib.compressobj(wbits=zlib_mode)
            for chunk in stream:
                yield zcomp.compress(chunk)
            else:
                yield zcomp.flush()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError('unknown content encoding: {}'
                               ''.format(encoding))

    def _apply_content_transfer_encoding(self, stream):
        encoding = self.headers[CONTENT_TRANSFER_ENCODING].lower()
        if encoding == 'base64':
            buffer = bytearray()
            while True:
                if buffer:
                    div, mod = divmod(len(buffer), 3)
                    chunk, buffer = buffer[:div * 3], buffer[div * 3:]
                    if chunk:
                        yield base64.b64encode(chunk)
                chunk = next(stream, None)
                if not chunk:
                    if buffer:
                        yield base64.b64encode(buffer[:])
                    return
                buffer.extend(chunk)
        elif encoding == 'quoted-printable':
            for chunk in stream:
                yield binascii.b2a_qp(chunk)
        else:
            raise RuntimeError('unknown content transfer encoding: {}'
                               ''.format(encoding))

    def set_content_disposition(self, disptype, **params):
        """Sets ``Content-Disposition`` header.

        :param str disptype: Disposition type: inline, attachment, form-data.
                            Should be valid extension token (see RFC 2183)
        :param dict params: Disposition params
        """
        if not disptype or not (TOKEN > set(disptype)):
            raise ValueError('bad content disposition type {!r}'
                             ''.format(disptype))
        value = disptype
        if params:
            lparams = []
            for key, val in params.items():
                if not key or not (TOKEN > set(key)):
                    raise ValueError('bad content disposition parameter'
                                     ' {!r}={!r}'.format(key, val))
                qval = quote(val, '')
                if key == 'filename':
                    lparams.append((key, '"%s"' % qval))
                    lparams.append(('filename*', "utf-8''" + qval))
                else:
                    lparams.append((key, "%s" % qval))
            sparams = '; '.join('='.join(pair) for pair in lparams)
            value = '; '.join((value, sparams))
        self.headers[CONTENT_DISPOSITION] = value

    @property
    def filename(self):
        """Returns filename specified in Content-Disposition header or ``None``
        if missed."""
        _, params = parse_content_disposition(
            self.headers.get(CONTENT_DISPOSITION))
        return content_disposition_filename(params)


class MultipartWriter(object):
    """Multipart body writer."""

    #: Body part reader class for non multipart/* content types.
    part_writer_cls = BodyPartWriter

    def __init__(self, subtype='mixed', boundary=None):
        boundary = boundary if boundary is not None else uuid.uuid4().hex
        try:
            boundary.encode('us-ascii')
        except UnicodeEncodeError:
            raise ValueError('boundary should contains ASCII only chars')
        self.headers = CIMultiDict()
        self.headers[CONTENT_TYPE] = 'multipart/{}; boundary="{}"'.format(
            subtype, boundary
        )
        self.parts = []

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        pass

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.parts)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.parts)

    @property
    def boundary(self):
        *_, params = parse_mimetype(self.headers.get(CONTENT_TYPE))
        return params['boundary'].encode('us-ascii')

    def append(self, obj, headers=None):
        """Adds a new body part to multipart writer."""
        if isinstance(obj, self.part_writer_cls):
            if headers:
                obj.headers.update(headers)
            self.parts.append(obj)
        else:
            if not headers:
                headers = CIMultiDict()
            self.parts.append(self.part_writer_cls(obj, headers))
        return self.parts[-1]

    def append_json(self, obj, headers=None):
        """Helper to append JSON part."""
        if not headers:
            headers = CIMultiDict()
        headers[CONTENT_TYPE] = 'application/json'
        return self.append(obj, headers)

    def append_form(self, obj, headers=None):
        """Helper to append form urlencoded part."""
        if not headers:
            headers = CIMultiDict()
        headers[CONTENT_TYPE] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        assert isinstance(obj, (Sequence, Mapping))
        return self.append(obj, headers)

    def serialize(self):
        """Yields multipart byte chunks."""
        if not self.parts:
            yield b''
            return

        for part in self.parts:
            yield b'--' + self.boundary + b'\r\n'
            yield from part.serialize()
        else:
            yield b'--' + self.boundary + b'--\r\n'

        yield b''
